[HN Gopher] A faster heart for F-Droid
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A faster heart for F-Droid
        
       Author : kasabali
       Score  : 509 points
       Date   : 2025-12-30 18:36 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (f-droid.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (f-droid.org)
        
       | kasabali wrote:
       | Context: "F-Droid build servers can't build modern Android apps
       | due to outdated CPUs"
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44884709)
        
       | NoiseBert69 wrote:
       | So.. what kind of hardware did they buy?
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Yeah kind of conspicuously absent! They said
         | 
         | > The previous server was 12 year old hardware
         | 
         | which is pretty mad. You can buy a second hand system with tons
         | of ram and a 16-core Ryzen for like $400. 12-year old hardware
         | is only marginally faster than a RPi 5.
        
           | cvwright wrote:
           | Unfortunately you can't even get the RAM for $400 anymore.
        
             | neogodless wrote:
             | I was able to find 2 x 16GB DDR4 for $150...
             | 
             | Building a budget AM4 system for roughly $500 would be
             | within the realm of reason. ($150 mobo, $100 cpu, $150 RAM,
             | that leaves $100 for storage, still likely need power and
             | case.)
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/Timetec-Premium-
             | PC4-19200-Unbuffered-...
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/MSI-MAG-B550-TOMAHAWK-
             | Motherboard/dp/...
             | 
             | For a server that's replacing a 12 year old system, you
             | don't need DDR5 and other bleeding edge hardware.
        
               | kiddico wrote:
               | I don't think 32GB is going to be enough lol
        
               | calgoo wrote:
               | Also, you would want ECC for something this important.
        
               | krautsauer wrote:
               | I seriously wonder if doing the same build twice by two
               | people in two locations wouldn't provide the same benefit
               | and others for less money.
               | 
               | (I might be spoiled by sane reproducible build systems.
               | Maybe F-droid isn't.)
        
           | DaSHacka wrote:
           | > 12-year old hardware is only marginally faster than a RPi
           | 5.
           | 
           | A Dell R620 is over 12 years old and WAY faster than a RPi 5
           | though...
           | 
           | Sure, it'll be way less power efficient, but I'd definitely
           | trust it to serve more concurrent users than a RPi.
        
           | phantom784 wrote:
           | Plus the fact that it's been running for 5 years. Does that
           | mean they bought 7 year old hardware back then? Or is that
           | just when it was last restarted?
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | > 12-year old hardware is only marginally faster than a RPi 5
           | 
           | My 14yo laptop-used-as-server disagrees. Also keep in mind
           | that CPU speeds barely improved between about 2012 and 2017,
           | and 2025 is again a lull https://www.cpubenchmark.net/year-
           | on-year.html
           | 
           | I'm also factoring in the ability to use battery bypass in
           | phones I buy now because they are so powerful, I might want
           | to use them as free noiseless server in the future. You can
           | do a heck of a lot on phone hardware nowadays, paying next to
           | nothing for power and no additional cost on your existing
           | internet connection. A RPi 5 is that same ballpark
        
       | valgaze wrote:
       | Hmm:
       | 
       | "F-Droid is not hosted in just any data center where commodity
       | hardware is managed by some unknown staff. We worked out a
       | special arrangement so that this server is physically held by a
       | long time contributor with a proven track record of securely
       | hosting services. We can control it remotely, we know exactly
       | where it is, and we know who has access."
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | "F-Droid is not hosted in a data centre with proper procedures,
         | access controls, and people whose jobs are on the line. Instead
         | it's in some guy's bedroom."
         | 
         | Not reassuring.
        
           | ugh123 wrote:
           | The 'cloud' has come full circle
        
           | TomatoCo wrote:
           | In some respects, having your entire reputation on the line
           | matters just as much. And sure, someone might have a server
           | cage in their residence, or maybe they run their own small
           | business and it's there. But the vagueness is troubling, I
           | agree.
           | 
           | A picture of the "living conditions" for the server would go
           | a long way.
        
           | gpm wrote:
           | Eh...
           | 
           | The set of people who can maliciously modify it is the people
           | who run f-droid, instead of the cloud provider _and_ the
           | people who run f-droid.
           | 
           | It'd be nice if we didn't have to trust the people who run
           | f-droid, but given we do I see an argument that it's better
           | for them to run the hardware so we only have to trust them
           | and not someone else as well.
        
             | lrvick wrote:
             | You actually do not have to trust the people who run
             | f-droid for those apps whose maintainers enroll in
             | reproducible builds and multi-party signing, which only
             | f-droid supports unlike any alternatives.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | That looks cool, which might just be the point of your
               | comment, but I don't think it actually changes the
               | argument here.
               | 
               | You still have to trust the app store to some extent. On
               | first use, you're trusting f-droid to give you the copy
               | of the app with appropriate signatures. Running in
               | someone else's data-center still means you need to trust
               | that data-center plus the people setting up the app
               | store, instead of just the app store. It's just a breach
               | of trust is less consequential since the attacker needs
               | to catch the first install (of apps that even use that
               | technology).
        
               | lrvick wrote:
               | F-droid makes the most sense when shipped as the system
               | appstore, along with pinned CA keychains as Calyxos did.
               | Ideally f-droid was compiled from source and validated by
               | the rom devs.
               | 
               | The F-droid app itself can then verify signatures from
               | both third party developers and first party builds on an
               | f-droid machine.
               | 
               | For all its faults (of which there are many) it is still
               | a leaps and bounds better trust story than say Google
               | Play. Developers can only publish code, and optional
               | signatures, but not binaries.
               | 
               | Combine that with distributed reproducible builds with
               | signed evidence validated by the app and you end up not
               | having to trust anything but the f-droid app itself on
               | your device.
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | None of this mitigates the fact that apriori you don't
               | know if you're being served the same package
               | manifest/packages as everyone else - and as such you
               | don't know how many signatures any given package you are
               | installing should have.
               | 
               | Yes, theoretically you can personally rebuild every
               | package and check hashes or whatever, but that's
               | preventative steps that no reasonable threat model
               | assumes you are doing.
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | Why have we normalized "app stores" that build software
               | whose authors likely already provide packages of?
               | 
               | I've been using Obtainium more recently, and the idea is
               | simple: a friendly UI that pulls packages directly from
               | the original source. If I already trust the authors with
               | the source code, then I'm inclined to trust them to
               | provide safe binaries for me to use. Involving a
               | middleman is just asking for trouble.
               | 
               | App stores should only be distributors of binaries
               | uploaded and signed by the original authors. When they're
               | also maintainers, it not only significantly increases
               | their operational burden, but requires an additional
               | layer of trust from users.
        
             | ejj28 wrote:
             | The cloud isn't the only other option, they could still own
             | and run their own hardware but do it in a proper colocation
             | datacenter.
        
           | PaulKeeble wrote:
           | It could just be a colo, there are still plenty of data
           | centres around the globe that will sell you a space in a
           | shared rack with a certain power density per U of space. The
           | list of people who can access that shared locked rack is
           | likely a known quantity with most such organisations and I
           | know in the past we had some details of the people who were
           | responsible for it
        
             | TomatoCo wrote:
             | For some reason I'm reading emphasis on "just any" in their
             | statement "not hosted in just any data center". I feel like
             | it's at a data center run by this long term contributor.
        
           | pwndByDeath wrote:
           | I think there are countless examples of worse failures by
           | organisations that meet your criteria for far more valuable
           | assets than some free apps.
        
           | a3w wrote:
           | Depends on the thread model, which one is worse.
           | 
           | State actor? Gets into data centre, or has to break into a
           | privately owned apartment.
           | 
           | Criminal/3rd party state intelligence service? Could get into
           | both, at a risk or with blackmail, threats, or violence.
           | 
           | Dumb accidents? Well, all buildings can burn or have an power
           | outage.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > State actor? Gets into data centre, or has to break into
             | a privately owned apartment.
             | 
             | I don't think a state actor would actually break in to
             | either in this case, but if they did then breaking into the
             | private apartment would be a dream come true. Breaking into
             | a data center requires coordination and ensuring a lot of
             | people with access and visibility stay quiet. Breaking into
             | someone's apartment means waiting until they're away from
             | the premises for a while and then going in.
             | 
             | Getting a warrant for a private residence also would likely
             | give them access to all electronic devices there as no 3rd
             | party is keeping billing records of which hardware is used
             | for the service.
             | 
             | > Dumb accidents? Well, all buildings can burn or have an
             | power outage.
             | 
             | Data centers are built with redundant network connectivity,
             | backup power, and fire suppression. Accidents can happen at
             | both, but that's not the question. The question is their
             | relative frequency, which is where the data center is far
             | superior.
        
               | tcfhgj wrote:
               | > The question is their relative frequency, which is
               | where the data center is far superior.
               | 
               | as a year long f-droid user I can't complain
        
               | Calzifer wrote:
               | > Data centers are built with redundant network
               | connectivity, backup power, and fire suppression. [...]
               | The question is their relative frequency, which is where
               | the data center is far superior.
               | 
               | Well, I remember one incident were a 'professional' data
               | center burned down including the backups.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OVHcloud#Incidents
               | 
               | I know no such incident for some basement hosting.
               | 
               | Doesn't mean much. I'm just a bit surprised so many
               | people are worried because of the server location and no
               | one had mentioned yet the quite outstanding OVH incident.
        
               | arjie wrote:
               | I'm not going to pretend datacenters are magical places
               | immune to damage. I worked at a company where the 630
               | Third Street datacenter couldn't keep temperatures stable
               | during a San Francisco heatwave and the Okex crypto
               | exchange has experienced downtime because the Alibaba
               | Zone C datacenter their matching engine is on experienced
               | A/C failure. So it's not all magic, but if you didn't
               | encounter home-lab failure it's because you did not
               | sample the population appropriately.
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/wvqxs7/my_homel
               | ab_...
               | 
               | I don't have a bone to pick here. If F-Droid wants to
               | free-ball it I think that's fine. You can usually run
               | things for max cheap by just sticking them on a
               | residential Google Fiber line in one of the cheap power
               | states and then just making sure your software can
               | quickly be deployed elsewhere in times of outage. It's
               | not a huge deal unless you need always-on.
               | 
               | But the arguments being made here are not correct.
        
               | Bridged7756 wrote:
               | Surely "Juan's home server in basement burns down" would
               | make the headlines. You're totally right.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | >Breaking into a data center requires coordination and
               | ensuring a lot of people with access and visibility stay
               | quiet
               | 
               | Or just a warrant and a phone call to set up remote
               | access? In the UK under RIPA you might not even need a
               | warrant. In USA you can probably bribe someone to get a
               | National Security Letter issued.
               | 
               | Depending on the sympathies of the hosting company's
               | management you might be able to get access with promises.
               | 
               | I dare say F-Droid trust their friends/colleagues more
               | than they trust randos at a hosting company.
               | 
               | As an F-Droid user, I think I might too? It's a tough
               | call.
        
               | u8080 wrote:
               | >I don't think a state actor would actually break in to
               | either in this case
               | 
               | Read Jabber.ru Hetzner accident:
               | https://notes.valdikss.org.ru/jabber.ru-mitm/
        
         | skiing_crawling wrote:
         | I never questioned or thought twice about F-Droid's
         | trustworthiness until I read that. It makes it sound like a
         | very amateurish operation.
         | 
         | I had passively assumed something like this would be a Cloud VM
         | + DB + buckets. The "hardware upgrade" they are talking about
         | would have been a couple clicks to change the VM type, a total
         | nothingburger. Now I can only imagine a janky setup in some
         | random (to me) guy's closet.
         | 
         | In any case, I'm more curious to know exactly what kind
         | hardware is required for F-Droid, they didn't mention any
         | specifics about CPU, Memory, Storage etc.
        
           | AndrewDucker wrote:
           | For a single server why would you use cloud services rather
           | than go the self-owned route?
        
             | skiing_crawling wrote:
             | A "single server" covers a pretty large range of scale, its
             | more about how F-droid is used and perceived. Package repos
             | are infrastructure, and reliability is important. A server
             | behind someone's TV is much more susceptible to power
             | outages, network issues, accidents, and tampering. Again, I
             | don't know that's the case since they didn't really say
             | anything specific.
             | 
             | > not hosted in just any data center where commodity
             | hardware is managed by some unknown staff
             | 
             | I took this to mean it's not in a colo facility either,
             | assumed it mean't someone's home, AKA residential power and
             | internet.
        
               | AndrewDucker wrote:
               | Ah. I took "not just any data center" to mean "in a
               | specific co-location facility where they trust the person
               | responsible for it".
               | 
               | I agree that "behind someone's TV" would be a terrible
               | idea.
        
               | secabeen wrote:
               | The F-Droid repos are provided by redundant mirrors:
               | https://f-droid.org/en/docs/Running_a_Mirror/
               | 
               | If this is the hidden master server that only the mirrors
               | talk to, then it's redundancy is largely irrelevant. Yes,
               | if it's down, new packages can't be uploaded, but that
               | doesn't affect downloads at all. We also know nothing
               | about the backup setup they have.
               | 
               | A lot depends on the threat model they're operating
               | under. If state-level actors and supply chain attacks are
               | the primary threats, they may be better off having their
               | system under the control of a few trusted contributors
               | versus a large corporation that they have little to no
               | influence over.
        
               | m0dest wrote:
               | Even if it's just the build server, it's really hard to
               | defend just having 1 physical server for a project that
               | aspires to be a core part of the software distribution
               | infrastructure for thousands of users.
               | 
               | The build server going down means that no one's app can
               | be updated, even for critical security updates.
               | 
               | For something that important, they should aspire to
               | 99.999% ("five nines of") reliability. With a single
               | physical server, achieving five nines over a long period
               | of time usually means that you were both lucky (no
               | hardware failures other than redundant storage) and
               | probably irresponsible (applied kernel updates
               | infrequently - even if only on the hypervisor level).
               | 
               | Now... 2 servers in 2 different basements? That could
               | achieve five nines ;)
        
           | lrvick wrote:
           | > It makes it sound like a very amateurish operation.
           | 
           | Wait until you find out how every major Linux distributions
           | and software that powers the internet is maintained. It is
           | all a wildly under-funded shit show, and yet we do it anyway
           | because letting the corpos run it all is even worse.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | What do you mean by "major distribution"?
             | 
             | e.g. AS41231 has upstreams with Cogent, HE, Lumen, etc...
             | they're definitely not running a shoestring operation in a
             | basement. https://bgp.tools/as/41231
        
             | goodpoint wrote:
             | This is 100% false.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | Yikes. They don't need a "special arrangement" for those
         | requirements. This is the bare minimum at many professionally
         | run colocation data centers. There is not a security
         | requirement that can't be met by a data center -- being secure
         | to customer requirements is a critical part of their business.
         | 
         | Maybe the person who wrote that is only familiar with web
         | hosting services or colo-by-the-rack-unit type services where
         | remote-hands services are more commonly relied on. But they
         | don't need to use these services. They can easily get a locked
         | cabinet (or even just a 1/4 cabinet) only they could access.
        
           | fruitworks wrote:
           | A super duper secure locked cabinet acessible only to them or
           | anyone with a bolt cutter.
           | 
           | You want to host servers on your own hardare? Uh yikes. Let's
           | unpack this. As a certified AWS Kubernetes professional time
           | & money waster, I can say with authority that this goes
           | against professional standards (?) and is therefore not a
           | good look. Furthermore, I can confirm that this isn't it
           | chief.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Colocation _is_ when you use your own hardware. That 's
             | what the word means.
             | 
             | And you're not going to even get close to the cabinet in a
             | data center with a set of bolt cutters. But even if you
             | did, you brought the wrong tool, because they're not
             | padlocked.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Bolt cutters will probably cut through the cabinet door
               | or side if you can find a spot to get them started and
               | you have a lot of time.
               | 
               | Otoh, maybe you've got a cabinet in a DC with very secure
               | locks from europe.... But all are keyed alike. Whoops.
               | 
               | A drill would be easier to bring in (especially if it
               | just looks like a power screwdriver) and probably get in
               | faster though. Drill around the locks/hinges until the
               | door wiggles off.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I'd go with a drill -- but I'm not sure what possible
               | threat vector would have access to the cabinet who would
               | be able to get to the cabinet in any decent data center.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | Because it's a secret, we don't know if it's mom's basement
             | where the door doesn't really lock anyways, just pull it
             | real hard, or if it's at Uncle Joey's with the compound and
             | the man trap and laser sensors he bought at government
             | auction through a buddy who really actually works at the
             | CIA.
        
       | mcsniff wrote:
       | Ugh. This 100% shows how janky and unmaintained their setup is.
       | 
       | All the hand waving and excuses around global supply chains,
       | quotes, etc...it took pretty long for them to acquire _commodity_
       | hardware and shove it in a special someone 's basement and
       | they're trying to make it seem like a good thing?
       | 
       | F-Droid is often discussed in the GrapheneOS community, the
       | concerns around centralization and signing are valid.
       | 
       | I understand this is a volunteer effort, but it's not a good
       | look.
        
         | lrvick wrote:
         | As someone that has run many volunteer open source communities
         | and projects for more than 2 decades, I totally get how big
         | "small" wins like this are.
         | 
         | The internet is run on binaries compiled in servers in random
         | basements and you should be thankful for those basements
         | because the corpos are never going to actually help fund any of
         | it.
        
           | pydry wrote:
           | It's a shame mozilla wont step up to fund it. They've spunked
           | way more money on way dumber things.
        
             | quantummagic wrote:
             | Imagine the good they could do if they didn't pay their CEO
             | 6 million a year.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | They'd probably burn it without much to show for, like
               | the rest of their funds
        
               | jeltz wrote:
               | 6 million is 30 really good senior software devs in
               | Stockholm, or I think 10 in SF. American CEO salaries are
               | crazy.
        
         | lukan wrote:
         | "I understand this is a volunteer effort, but it's not a good
         | look."
         | 
         | I would agree, that it is not a good look for this society, to
         | lament so much about the big evil corporations and invest so
         | little in the free alternatives.
        
           | fruitworks wrote:
           | You can't just host servers in your own basement! You need to
           | pay out the ass to host servers in some big company's
           | basement!
        
             | JuniperMesos wrote:
             | I don't have a problem with an open source project I use
             | (and I do use F-Froid) hosting a server in a basement. I do
             | have a problem with having the entire project hosted on one
             | server in a basement, because it means that the entire
             | project goes down if that basement gets flooded or the
             | house burns down or the power goes out for an extended
             | period of time, etc.
             | 
             | Having two servers in two basements not near each other
             | would be good, having five would be better, and honestly
             | paying money to put them in colo facilities to have more
             | reliable power, cooling, etc. would be better still.
             | Computer hardware is very cheap today and it doesn't cost
             | that much money to get a substantial amount of redundancy,
             | without being dependent on any single big company.
        
               | schubidubiduba wrote:
               | What do you think would happen if that server went down?
               | People can't get app updates, or install new ones. That
               | is all. That is not critical.
               | 
               | They can then probably whip up a new hosted server to
               | take over within a few days, at most. Big deal.
               | 
               | They are not hosting a critical service, and running on
               | donations. They are doing everything right.
        
               | tisdadd wrote:
               | I concur, and given the amount of apps they build it
               | makes sense to spend the money on a good build server to
               | me, especially if it is someone with experience hosting
               | trusted servers as mentioned as well as a contributor
               | already. If people do not want to use it, the source code
               | to build yourself is still available for the apps they
               | supply.
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | This sounds reasonable. But this is a build server, not
               | the entire project infrastructure.
               | 
               | I bet the server should be quite powerful, with tons of
               | CPU, RAM and SSD/NVMe to allow for fast builds. Memory of
               | all kinds was getting more and more expensive this year,
               | so the prolonged sourcing is understandable.
               | 
               | The trusted contributor, as the text says, is considered
               | more trustworthy than an average colocation company.
               | Maybe they have an adequate "basement", e.g. run their
               | own colo company, or something.
               | 
               | It would be great to have a spare server, but likely it's
               | not that simple, including the organization and the
               | trust. A build server would be a very juicy attack target
               | to clandestinely implant spyware.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > Computer hardware is very cheap today
               | 
               | As long as you don't need RAM or hard drives. It's
               | getting more expensive all the time too. This isn't the
               | ideal moment to replace a laptop let alone a server.
        
               | prmoustache wrote:
               | It is not your bank. You don't need 99.999999999999999%
               | availability of the build server of an app store.
               | Especially if the apps packages can still be downloaded
               | from regular https servers.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | > shove it in a special someone's basement
         | 
         | They didn't say what conditions it's held in. You're just
         | adding FUD, please stop. It could be under the bed, it could be
         | in a professional server room of the company ran by the
         | mentioned contributor.
        
           | lrvick wrote:
           | 100%. Just as an example I have several racks at home,
           | business fiber, battery backup, and a propane generator as a
           | last resort. Also 4th amendment protections so no one gets
           | access without me knowing about it. I host a lot of things at
           | home and trust it more than any DC.
        
             | hypeatei wrote:
             | Isn't a business line quite expensive to maintain per month
             | along with a hefty upfront cost? For a smaller team with a
             | tight budget, just going somewhere with all of that stuff
             | included is probably cheaper and easier like a colo DC.
             | 
             | > Also 4th amendment protections so no one gets access
             | without me knowing about it
             | 
             |  _laughs in FISA_
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > Also 4th amendment protections so no one gets access
             | without me knowing about it.
             | 
             | If there's ever a need for a warrant for any of the
             | projects, the warrant would likely involve seizure of every
             | computer and data storage device in the home. Without a 3rd
             | party handling billing and resource allocation they can't
             | tell which specific device contains the relevant data, so
             | everything goes.
             | 
             | So having something hosted at home comes with downsides,
             | too. Especially if you don't control all of the data that
             | goes into the servers on your property.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Which one of those things do you think you can't get in a
             | datacenter?
        
               | drnick1 wrote:
               | That's not the point. The point is that a "home" setup
               | can basically replicate or exceed a "professional" setup
               | when done right.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | A home setup might be able to rival or beat an "edge"
               | enterprise network closet.
               | 
               | It's not going to even remotely rival a tier 3/4 data
               | center in any way.
               | 
               | The physical security, infrastructure, and connectivity
               | will never come close. E.g. nobody is doing full 2N
               | electrical and environmental in their homelab. And they
               | certainly aren't building attack resistant perimeter
               | fences and gates around their homes, unless they're home
               | labbing on a compound in a war torn country.
        
               | drnick1 wrote:
               | > The physical security, infrastructure, and connectivity
               | will never come close. E.g. nobody is doing full 2N
               | electrical and environmental in their homelab. And they
               | certainly aren't building attack resistant perimeter
               | fences and gates around their homes, unless they're home
               | labbing on a compound in a war torn country.
               | 
               | Why would you need all of that if what they have works?
               | Nobody is going to raid a repo of open source software,
               | you can just download everything for free.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I'd bet F-Droid probably _is_ colocated. Nothing in their
               | statement precludes this.
               | 
               | But the assertion by commenters above that home-hosting
               | is a viable or even a better option for a project like
               | this is silly. Colocating a single server is _cheaper_
               | than a single a Comcast Business internet connection. Air
               | conditioners fail. Electrical failures happen. These
               | things might not be a problem for a personal project, but
               | they 're easily and cheaply mitigable risks at commercial
               | scale.
        
             | well_ackshually wrote:
             | > Also 4th amendment protections so no one gets access
             | without me knowing about it.
             | 
             | Hahaha
             | 
             | at best you're getting a warrant. Slightly better you're
             | getting a warrant _and_ a gag order. Then it escalates, and
             | having your door kicked in at 6AM is about the best you can
             | hope for.
             | 
             | But sure, you'll know about it. Most likely. Maybe.
             | 
             | Just don't keep anything important in there eh ?
             | 
             | (Note, this definitely applies to colocations too. It's
             | just maybe a tiny bit harder to find which rack is yours,
             | and companies of that size generally have lawyers to
             | prevent that from happening. I'll take my chance with the
             | hosting company.)
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | "Nothing is ever good enough" (tm)
        
           | orthecreedence wrote:
           | If _I_ were running a volunteer project, I would be dumping
           | thousands a month into top-tier hosting across multiple
           | datacenters around the world with global failover.
        
             | amrit3128 wrote:
             | the _if_ is doing a lot of heavy lifting there. You're free
             | to complain about it but Fdroid has been running fine for
             | years and I'd rather have a volunteer manage the servers
             | than some big corporation
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | They quite notably _haven 't_ been running fine for
               | years: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44884709
               | Their recent public embarrassment resulting from having
               | such an outdated build server is likely what triggered
               | them to finally start the process of obtaining a
               | replacement for their 12 year old server (that was
               | apparently already 7 years old when they started using
               | it?).
        
               | pabs3 wrote:
               | Its embarrassing that Google binaries don't even use
               | runtime instruction selection.
               | 
               | https://wiki.debian.org/InstructionSelection
        
               | wtallis wrote:
               | Nah, if you actually read into what's available there,
               | it's clear that the _compilers_ have never implemented
               | features to make this broadly usable. You only get
               | runtime instruction selection if you 've manually tagged
               | _each individual function_ that uses SIMD to be compiled
               | with function multi-versioning, so that 's only really
               | useful for known hot spots that are intended to use
               | autovectorization. If you just want to enable the latest
               | SIMD across the whole program, GCC and clang can't
               | automatically generate fallback versions of every
               | function they end up deciding could use AVX or whatever.
               | 
               | The alternative is to make big changes to your build
               | system and packaging to compile N different versions of
               | the executable/library. There's no easy way to just add a
               | compiler flag that means "use AXV512 and generate SSE2
               | fallbacks where necessary".
               | 
               | The people that want to keep running new third-party
               | binaries on 12+ year old CPUs might want to work with the
               | compiler teams to make it feasible for those third
               | parties to automatically generate the necessary fallback
               | code paths. Otherwise, there will just be more and more
               | instances of companies like Google deciding to start
               | using the hardware features they've been deploying for
               | 15+ years.
               | 
               | But you already know all that, since we discussed it four
               | months ago. So why are you pretending like what you're
               | asking for is easy when you _know_ the tools that exist
               | today aren 't up to the task?
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | In what world is it embarrassing to not buy hardware you
               | don't need? The servers worked fine for years. When there
               | was an actual reason to spend money, they bought
               | something new. Sounds like good stewardship of the
               | donations they receive.
               | 
               | I finally just upgraded my 9 year old computer with an
               | i5-6600k to a Ryzen 9 5950x because I wanted to be able
               | to edit home videos. I already rarely even used 1 core on
               | the old CPU, the new one is 7x more powerful, and it's an
               | ebay part from 5 years ago. I don't foresee needing to
               | upgrade again for another decade. I probably would've
               | been good for another 15-20 years if I had upgraded to a
               | DDR5 platform, but RAM prices had already spiked, so I
               | just swapped the motherboard and CPU.
        
         | cyberax wrote:
         | I read it a bit differently: you don't need to be a mega-corp
         | with millions of servers to actually make a difference for the
         | better. It really doesn't take much!
         | 
         | Also, even 12-year-old hardware is wicked fast.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | The issue isn't the hardware, it's the fact that it's hosted
           | somewhere private in conditions they wont name under the
           | control of a single member. Typically colo providers are used
           | for this.
        
             | cyberax wrote:
             | Eh. It's just a different set of trade-offs unless you
             | start doing things super-seriously like Let's Encrypt.
             | 
             | With f-droid their main strength has always been replicable
             | builds. We ideally just need to start hosting a second
             | f-droid server somewhere else and then compare the results.
        
             | unethical_ban wrote:
             | Is it one person? Is it an organization/professional
             | company with close ties to F-Droid? There are a lot of
             | worst-case assumptions in this thread.
        
         | magguzu wrote:
         | Graphene is a great product but their _incessant_ mud slinging
         | at any service that isn 't theirs is tiresome at best.
         | 
         | Some of their points are valid but way too often they're unable
         | to accept that different services aren't always trying to solve
         | the same problem.
        
           | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
           | > their incessant mud slinging at any service that isn't
           | theirs is tiresome at best.
           | 
           | 100%. But you know, sadly I've noticed that non-experts are
           | impressed by elitism. So you don't have to be good, you just
           | have to shit on others, and passerbys will interpret that as
           | being very competent.
           | 
           | Which is super ironic, from a project which about privacy but
           | only supports hardware built by the biggest surveillance
           | company.
        
         | gnufx wrote:
         | > commodity hardware
         | 
         | Apart from the "someone's basement", as objected to in this
         | thread, it also doesn't say they acquired "commodity hardware";
         | I took it to suggest the opposite, presumably for good reason.
        
           | wtallis wrote:
           | > it also doesn't say they acquired "commodity hardware"; I
           | took it to suggest the opposite, presumably for good reason.
           | 
           | This seems entirely like wishful thinking. They were using a
           | 12 year old server that was increasingly unfit for the day-
           | to-day task of building Android applications. It doesn't seem
           | like they were in a position to acquire and deploy any exotic
           | hardware (except to the extent that _really old_ hardware can
           | be considered exotic and no longer a commodity). I 'd be
           | surprised if the new server is anything other than off the
           | shelf x86 hardware, and if we're lucky then _maybe_ they know
           | how to do something useful with a TPM or other hardware root
           | of trust to secure the OS they 're running on this server and
           | protect the keys they're signing builds with.
        
             | gnufx wrote:
             | I'm just reading what was written, especially "the specific
             | components we needed", and assuming they're not as
             | incompetent as is being suggested, given they've served me
             | well. Perhaps you haven't been tendering for server
             | hardware recently, even bog-standard stuff, and seen the
             | responses that even say they can't quote a fixed price
             | currently. At least, that's in my part of the world, in an
             | operation buying a good deal of hardware. We also have
             | systems over ten years old running.
        
         | troyvit wrote:
         | It's like ya'll are so eager to crap on a thing that you don't
         | even read tfa.
         | 
         | > this server is physically held by a long time contributor
         | with a proven track record of securely hosting services.
         | 
         | So you are assuming it's a rando's basement when they never
         | said anything like that.
         | 
         | If their way of doing business is so offensive either don't use
         | them, disrupt them or pitch in and help.
         | 
         | > I understand this is a volunteer effort, but it's not a good
         | look.
         | 
         | What does make a "good look" for a volunteer project?
        
           | wtallis wrote:
           | > What does make a "good look" for a volunteer project?
           | 
           | It's an open-source project. It should be... _open_. Not
           | mysterious or secretive about overdue replacements of
           | critical infrastructure.
        
             | ptx wrote:
             | What would that look like in this case?
        
           | well_ackshually wrote:
           | > this server is physically held by a long time contributor
           | with a proven track record of securely hosting services.
           | 
           | This is effectively a rando's basement. It doesn't matter
           | that they've been a contributor or whatever. Individuals
           | change, relationships sour. Securely hosting how ? By locking
           | the front door ? By being a random tech company in the
           | midwest ? Or by having proper access control ?
           | 
           | As a little reminder, F-Droid has _all_ the signing keys on
           | its build server. Compromising that is somewhere between "oh
           | that's awful" and "stop the world". These builds go out as
           | automatic updates too. So uh, yeah, I'd like it if it was
           | hosted by someone serious and not my buddy joe who's a
           | sysadmin don't worry
        
             | jabwd wrote:
             | > This is effectively a rando's basement. You. Do. Not.
             | Know. Stop straw-manning stuff its so pointless.
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | The not knowing is the point. From a security
               | perspective, you have to assume the worst.
               | 
               | And maybe that is F-Droid's point: Security through
               | obscurity. If the build infrastructure with the signing
               | keys is unknown, then it's that much harder for Bad Actor
               | to do things like backdoor E2E encrypted communication
               | apps. This is, of course, the weakness in E2E encryption
               | in apps obtained from mainstream/commercial app stores.
               | For all we know, these may already be backdoored
               | depending on where it came from.
               | 
               | However, the obscurity makes F-Droid hard to trust as an
               | outsider to the project.
        
         | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
         | > F-Droid is often discussed in the GrapheneOS community, the
         | concerns around centralization and signing are valid.
         | 
         | Clearly the GrapheneOS community is clueless then.
         | 
         | You can host F-Droid yourself, which is the opposite of
         | centralized. If the GrapheneOS community actually is concerned
         | about centralization they can host an instance as well.
         | 
         | Futhermore, each author signs their own software, which again
         | is the opposite of centralized. One authority signing
         | everything would be centralized.
         | 
         | So F-Droid is decentralized in authorship _and_ distribution.
         | Google store is only decentralized in authorship.
        
       | websiteapi wrote:
       | > Another important part of this story is where the server lives
       | and how it is managed. F-Droid is not hosted in just any data
       | center where commodity hardware is managed by some unknown staff.
       | 
       | > The previous server was 12 year old hardware and had been
       | running for about five years. In infrastructure terms, that is a
       | lifetime. It served F-Droid well, but it was reaching the point
       | where speed and maintenance overhead were becoming a daily
       | burden.
       | 
       | lol. if they're gonna use gitlab just use a proper setup - bigco
       | is already in the critical path...
        
       | PaulKeeble wrote:
       | Modern machines go up to really mental levels of performance when
       | you think about it and for a lot of small scale things like F
       | droid I doubt it takes a lot of hardware to actually host it. A
       | lot of its going to be static files so a basic web server could
       | put through 100s of thousands of requests and even on a modest
       | machine saturate 10 gbps which I suspect is enough for what they
       | do.
       | 
       | This just reads to me like they have racked a box in a colo with
       | a known person running the shared rack rather than someone's
       | basement but who really knows they aren't exactly handing out
       | details.
        
         | wtallis wrote:
         | This isn't about a server for hosting the website or package
         | repo, it's about the server _building_ all the packages.
        
         | JuniperMesos wrote:
         | Which is itself kind of suspicious - why can't they say "yeah
         | we pay for Colo in such-and-such region" if that is what they
         | are doing? Why should that be a secret?
        
       | JimBlackwood wrote:
       | While I get their setup is amateurish, it's also a good reminder
       | of how simple setups can be.
       | 
       | Saying this on HN, of course.
        
       | Aurornis wrote:
       | > this server is physically held by a long time contributor with
       | a proven track record of securely hosting services. We can
       | control it remotely, we know exactly where it is, and we know who
       | has access.
       | 
       | I can't be the only one who read this and had flashbacks to
       | projects that fell apart because one person had the physical
       | server in their basement or a rack at their workplace and it
       | became a sticking point when an argument arose.
       | 
       | I know self-hosting is held as a point of pride by many, but in
       | my experience you're still better off putting lower cost hardware
       | in a cheap colo with the contract going to the business entity
       | which has defined ownership and procedures. Sending it over to a
       | single member to put somewhere puts a lot of control into that
       | one person's domain.
       | 
       | I hope for the best for this team and I'm leaning toward
       | believing that this person really is trusted and capable, but I
       | would strongly recommend against these arrangements in any form
       | in general.
       | 
       | EDIT: F-Droid received a $400,000 grant from a single source this
       | year ( https://f-droid.org/2025/02/05/f-droid-awarded-otf-
       | grant.htm... ) so now I'm even more confused about how they
       | decided to hand this server to a single team member to host in
       | unspoken conditions instead of paying basic colocation expenses.
        
         | silisili wrote:
         | Yup. But the same can happen in shared hosting/colo/aws just as
         | easily if only one person controls the keys to the kingdom. I
         | know of at least a handful of open source projects that had to
         | essentially start over because the leader went AWOL or a big
         | fight happened.
         | 
         | That said, I still think that hosting a server in a member's
         | house is a terrible decision for a project.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > if only one person controls the keys to the kingdom
           | 
           | True, which is why I said the important parts need to be held
           | by the legal entity representing the organization. If one
           | person tries to hold it hostage, it becomes a matter of
           | demonstrating that person doesn't legally have access any
           | more.
           | 
           | I've also seen projects fall apart because they forgot to
           | transfer some key element into the legal entity. A common one
           | is the domain name, which might have been registered by one
           | person and then just never transferred over. Nobody notices
           | until that person has a falling out and starts holding the
           | domain name hostage.
        
           | olyjohn wrote:
           | It doesn't say it's in someone's house. Maybe the guy runs a
           | business doing this.
           | 
           | At least they know where it is. They can go knock on the
           | door.
        
         | lrvick wrote:
         | 400K would go -fast- if they stuck to a traditional colo setup.
         | Donations like this are rare and it may be all they get for a
         | decade.
         | 
         | Personally I would feel better about round robin across
         | multiple maintainer-home-hosted machines.
        
           | pilif wrote:
           | 400k would last me 13 years for a rack, power and 10Gbit/s
           | bandwidth at my colo place (Switzerland, traditionally high
           | prices)
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Yes, but that's not their only expense.
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | Yes, but that's not the last or only donation they're
               | receiving either.
        
               | LoganDark wrote:
               | Don't bet on receiving money in the future.
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | It's a community donation-supported project. That's kind
               | of the whole deal.
               | 
               | Regardless, the ongoing interest on $400K alone would be
               | enough to pay colo fees.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Since you've already done the math, what's the interest
               | on $400k pay for the colo costs?
        
               | serf wrote:
               | at a (fairly modest) 3.3 its like 1100/month.
               | 
               | I don't know what kind of rates are available to non-
               | profits, but with 400k in hand you can find nicer rates
               | than 3.3 (as of today, at least).
               | 
               | that covers quite a few colo possibilities.
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | USD money market funds from Vanguard pay about 3.7% now.
               | Personally, I would recommend a 50/50 split between a
               | Bloomberg Agg bond ETF and a high-yield bond ETF. You can
               | easily boost that yield by 100bps with a modest increase
               | in risk.
               | 
               | Another thing overlooked in this debate: Data center
               | costs normally increase at the rate of inflation. This is
               | not included in most estimates. That said, I still agree
               | with the broad sentiment here: 400K USD is plenty of
               | money to run a colo server for 10+ years from the risk-
               | free interest rate.
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | Stupid question from me: What are their other costs? I'm
               | a total newbie about data center colo setups, but as I
               | understand, it includes: power and internet access with
               | ingress and egress. Are you thinking their egress will be
               | very high, thus thus need to pay additional bandwidth
               | charges?
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > 400K would go -fast- if they stuck to a traditional colo
           | setup.
           | 
           | I don't know where you're pricing coloration, but I could
           | host a single server indefinitely from the interest alone on
           | $400K at the (very nice) data centers I've used.
           | 
           | Collocation is not _that_ expensive. I'm not understanding
           | how you think $400K would disappear "fast" unless you think
           | it's thousands of dollars per month?
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | For _a_ server? The going rate for a 1 /4 cabinet is
           | $300-500/month.
        
           | shrubble wrote:
           | A full rack, 10 gigabits bandwidth and 1920W of power is
           | available for as little as $800/month:
           | https://1530swift.com/colocation.php
           | 
           | Of course you have to buy the switches and servers...
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | For reference, in the US at least, there was/is a company
           | called Joes Data Center in KC who would colo a 1U for $30 or
           | $40 a month. I'd used them for years before not needing it
           | anymore, so not some fly by night company(despite the name).
           | 
           | At that rate, that would buy you nearly 1000 years of
           | hosting.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | I was trying to avoid naming exact prices because it
             | becomes argument fodder, but locally I can get good quality
             | colo for $50/month and excellent quality coloration with
             | high bandwidth and good interconnects for under $100 for 1U
             | 
             | I really don't know where the commenter above was getting
             | the idea that $400K wouldn't last very long
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | Alaska. Dollars per Mbit + reliable power in colo.
        
             | stackghost wrote:
             | Joe's got bought out by Patmos.
             | 
             | The jury's still out on whether or not this is a good
             | thing.
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | Love finding other metro area folks on hn!
        
               | stackghost wrote:
               | I'm actually Canadian, not a metro area person, just a
               | happy customer
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | Ah, well, it's a great spot. I walked around when Joe was
               | building it from the ground up. Power, HVAC, and racks of
               | wire shelving initially.
               | 
               | So glad it grew into what it is now!
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | Those prices are rock bottom! For that price, what do you
             | get for (a) power budget, (b) Internet connectivity, (c)
             | ingress and egress per month?
             | 
             | I Googled for that brand and got a few hits:
             | - https://inflect.com/building/1325-tracy-avenue-kansas-
             | city/joes-datacenter/datacenter/joes-datacenter         -
             | https://www.linkedin.com/company/joesdatacenter/         -
             | https://www.facebook.com/joesdatacenter/
             | 
             | The homepage now redirects here: https://patmos.tech/
             | 
             | Another under appreciated point about that data center: It
             | has excellent geographical location to cover North America.
        
           | arjie wrote:
           | I, personally, have a cabinet in a colo. With $400k, I can
           | host it at that datacentre with the income from risk-free
           | return never exercising the capital with 10 GigE, 3 kW of
           | power. If I can do it, they can do it.
           | 
           | Modern computers are super efficient. A 9755 has 128 cores
           | and you can get it for cheap. If you've been doing this for a
           | while you'd have gotten the RAM for cheap too.
           | 
           | If I, a normie, can have terabytes of RAM and hundreds of
           | cores in a colo, I'm pretty sure they can unless they have
           | some specific requests.
           | 
           | And dude, I'm in the Bay Area. Think about that. I'm in one
           | of the highest cost localities and I can do this. I bet there
           | are Colorado or Washington DCs that are even cheaper.
        
             | lrvick wrote:
             | I to am in the bay area, and clearly I have been shopping
             | at the wrong colos. I expected to find nothing with
             | unlimited bandwidth for under $1k/mo given past experience
             | with what may have been higher end DCs.
             | 
             | In any event if I was the volunteer sysadmin that had to
             | babysit the box, I would rather have it at my home with
             | business fiber where I am on premises most of the time
             | because getting in and out of a colo is always a whole
             | thing if their security is worth a damn.
             | 
             | Even given a frugal and accessible setup like that I can
             | imagine 400k lasting 5 years tops especially if paying for
             | the volunteers business fiber and much more especially
             | given I expect some of it is to provide a sustainable
             | compensation to key team members as well. Every cent will
             | count.
        
           | jeltz wrote:
           | If 100 years is fast, yes. You can get pretty sweet colo for
           | 4k per year. I know cheaper places too.
        
         | 1f60c wrote:
         | > a $400,000 grant
         | 
         | IDK if they could bag this kind of grant every year, but isn't
         | this the scale where cloud hosting starts to make sense?
        
           | 0x1ch wrote:
           | You have two options. Colo if you still want physical access
           | to your devices, or cloud, where you get access to nothing
           | beyond some online portals.
        
             | LoganDark wrote:
             | Colo is when you want to bring your own hardware, not when
             | you want physical access to your devices. Many (most?) colo
             | datacenters are still secure sites that you can't visit.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I've only ever seen that at data centers that offer colo
               | as more of a side service or cater to little guys who are
               | coloing by the rack unit. All of the serious colocation
               | services I've used or quoted from offer 24/7 site access.
               | 
               | Basically anywhere with cage or cabinet colocation is
               | going to have site access, because those delineations
               | only make sense to restrict on-site human access.
        
               | jcrawfordor wrote:
               | To be quite honest I've never seen a colo that didn't
               | offer access at all. The cheapest locations may require a
               | prearranged escort because they don't have any way to
               | restrict access on the floors, but by the time you get to
               | 1/4 rack scale you should expect 24/7 access as standard.
        
               | firesteelrain wrote:
               | Same. We would colo and had racks behind chain link
               | fencing that was locked behind cipher locks
        
               | 0x1ch wrote:
               | Every colo I've visited has a system for allowing
               | physical access for our equipment, generally during
               | specific operating hours with secure access card.
        
               | calvinmorrison wrote:
               | secure access cards, IDing, bag check, and a tech
               | following you around. Of course cabinets are all locked
               | up as well.
               | 
               | A lot of these places are like fortresses
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | While this is true, you stated a tautology: of course
               | every colo you visited allows visiting.
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | I don't think so. I don't think anybody is going to hand
               | off their server and ask someone else to hook it up.
               | Also, you need access so you can troubleshoot hardware
               | issues.
        
           | stefan_ wrote:
           | So that they can pay 100x more expenses for.. no gain? They
           | would pay an arm just for traffic.
        
             | arcfour wrote:
             | CloudFlare is free/cheap and hey presto, no servers to
             | manage!
        
               | encrypted_bird wrote:
               | Counterpoint: that would require using CloudFlare.
        
               | arcfour wrote:
               | That is, in my opinion, far superior to using a single
               | server ran by "someone".
        
               | encrypted_bird wrote:
               | I guess that is the beauty of opinions: they can be
               | different from person to person. In my case, I would
               | rather avoid CloudFlare if possible.
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | And when your Cloudflare site is down, most of the
               | Internet is down too! There's no downside!
        
               | arcfour wrote:
               | That's true. It will be down much less often than a
               | single server in someone's basement.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | It's OpEx. MBAs will pour unlimited money into OpEx to
             | avoid CapEx.
        
               | somehnguy wrote:
               | Clearly I don't have an MBA because this mindset doesn't
               | make sense to me. Burning money unnecessarily is burning
               | money unnecessarily, no matter where it's burned.
        
           | well_ackshually wrote:
           | 400k could get you 10 Dell Poweredges with a 128 core CPU,
           | 256GB of RAM and multiple terabytes of storage _multiple
           | times_. 400k easily covers two of these machines, and
           | colocation space is about 2k per year.
           | 
           | Cloud hosting only makes sense at a very, very small scale,
           | or absurdly large ones.
        
         | briffle wrote:
         | The OSU Open Source Lab gives machines to groups in their
         | datacenter: https://osuosl.org/services/hosting/
         | 
         | It has hosted quite a few famous services.
        
           | petcat wrote:
           | Which famous services?
           | 
           | I doubt OSU is going to host F-Droid. It doesn't even sound
           | like F-Droid would want them to host it.
        
             | wtallis wrote:
             | https://osuosl.org/blog/osl-moving-to-state-data-center/
             | mentions several major, famous services/projects that
             | OSUOSL either has hosted in the past or is still hosting:
             | kernel.org, Debian, Gentoo, Drupal, OpenWRT, OSGEO.
             | https://osuosl.org/blog/osl-future/ also mentions hosting
             | Mozilla at the time of the Firefox 1.0 release, and having
             | previously hosted Apache Software Foundation. Closer in
             | relevance to F-Droid, OSUOSL hosts the GitLab instance used
             | by postmarketOS:
             | https://postmarketos.org/blog/2024/10/14/gitlab-migration/
        
             | spoaceman7777 wrote:
             | F-Droid is the best known non-corporate Android App
             | Store... Why wouldn't they be willing to host it?
             | 
             | It's a critical load-bearing component of FOSS on Android.
        
         | eulgro wrote:
         | It's just a build server no? If that's the case it's not the
         | end of the world.
         | 
         | Or does it also serve the APKs?
        
           | lytedev wrote:
           | depending on how you view it, the build server _does_ serve
           | the APKs, right?
        
         | moelf wrote:
         | >We worked out a special arrangement so that this server is
         | physically held by a long time contributor with a proven track
         | record of securely hosting services.
         | 
         | Not clear if "contributor" is a person or an entity. The
         | "hosting services" part make it sound more like a company
         | rather than a natural person.
        
         | autoexec wrote:
         | > I know self-hosting is held as a point of pride by many, but
         | in my experience you're still better off putting lower cost
         | hardware in a cheap colo with the contract going to the
         | business entity which has defined ownership and procedures.
         | Sending it over to a single member to put somewhere puts a lot
         | of control into that one person's domain.
         | 
         | If they really want to run it out of a computer in their living
         | room they should at least keep a couple servers on standby at
         | different locations. Trusting a single person to manage the
         | whole thing is fragile, but trusting a few people with boxes
         | that are kept up to date seems pretty safe. What are the odds
         | they'd all die together? Paying a colo or cloud provider is
         | probably better if you care about more 9s of uptime, but do
         | they really need it?
        
         | vachina wrote:
         | There is nothing wrong with hosting prod at home. A free and
         | open source project needs to be as sustainable and low
         | maintenance as possible. Better to have a service up and
         | running than down when the funds run out.
        
         | ycombinatrix wrote:
         | Is colocation not considered to be "self-hosting" in the cloud
         | era?
        
           | flemhans wrote:
           | In these times, even running your own software on a
           | provisioned VM is considered self-hosting sometimes.
        
         | xorcist wrote:
         | > one person had the physical server in their basement
         | 
         | Unless you have even the faintest idea about how F-Droid does
         | it, please stop spreading FUD. All the article says is that it
         | is not a normal contract but a special arrangement where one or
         | a select few have physical access. It could be in a locked
         | basement, it could be in a sealed off cage in a data center, it
         | could be a private research area at a university. We don't
         | know.
         | 
         | A special arrangement with an academic institution providing
         | data center services wouldn't be at all surprising, that has
         | been the case for many large open source projects since long
         | before the term was invented, including Linux, Debian and GNU
         | itself.
         | 
         | Many of these are run by professionals with high standards. The
         | Debian project has done pioneering work with reproducible
         | builds, for example, something the F-Droid project is also very
         | much involved with. Those things are what creates trust in the
         | project.
        
           | arcfour wrote:
           | > A special arrangement with an academic institution
           | providing data center services
           | 
           | They would have said this if it were the case. Why would they
           | make it sound so sketchy if it wasn't otherwise? There is no
           | "FUD", you don't know better than anyone else would either,
           | so you don't get to make that argument and then speculate
           | yourself.
        
           | crote wrote:
           | > It could be in a locked basement, it could be in a sealed
           | off cage in a data center, it could be a private research
           | area at a university. We don't know.
           | 
           | Yes, and that is _exactly_ the problem. They didn 't write "a
           | large university/company/government institute which wishes to
           | remains anonymous has graciously donated space in their
           | ISOwhatever certified in-house hosting facility", they wrote
           | "physically held by a long time contributor".
           | 
           | It is written _as if_ it is just Some Guy 's Mom's Basement,
           | with a guarantee of Trust Me Bro. If it is indeed hosted in a
           | professional environment, why don't they say so?
           | 
           | People are assuming the worst because it isn't their first
           | rodeo, and they've seen it go wrong time and time again. If
           | F-Droid wants to be taken seriously Just Trust Us isn't good
           | enough - _especially_ with their main selling point being
           | "you can't trust Google"!
        
         | prmoustache wrote:
         | Ultimately hosting is not the most critical part as long as
         | backups are stored in places other members of the projects have
         | access to (and one copy could be in their own home, I don't
         | think the f-droid repos have grown to be that big they can't be
         | hosted on commodity NAS).
         | 
         | What is usually more critical is who has the credentials for
         | the domain management.
        
       | ZiiS wrote:
       | Let's focus on how they have done so much with such simple
       | hardware, rather then comparing them to companies that do so
       | little with so much more.
        
       | anticorporate wrote:
       | It's frankly embarrassing how many of the comments on this thread
       | are some version of looking at the XKCD "dependency" meme and
       | deciding the best course of action is to throw spitballs at the
       | maintainers of the critical project holding everything else up.
        
         | wtallis wrote:
         | At the very least, it's reasonable to expect the maintainers of
         | such a project to be open about their situation when it's that
         | precarious. Why _wouldn 't_ you take every opportunity to let
         | your users and downstream projects know that the dependency
         | you're providing is operating with no redundancy and barely
         | enough resources to carry on when things _aren 't_ breaking?
         | Why _wouldn 't_ they want to share with a highly technical
         | audience any details about how their infrastructure operates?
        
           | tcfhgj wrote:
           | > when it's that precarious
           | 
           | assumptions
        
             | wtallis wrote:
             | They're building all the software on a single server, and
             | at best their fallback is a 12 year old server they might
             | be able to put back in production. I'm not making any
             | unreasonable assumptions, and they're not being forthcoming
             | with any reassuring details.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | F Droid is no where near being a critical project holding
         | Android up. The Play Store, and the Play Services themselves
         | are much more critical. Being open source doesn't make you
         | immune from criticism for not following industry standards or
         | being called out for poor security.
        
           | lucb1e wrote:
           | If you have nothing to install on your device, what's the
           | point of being able to? For me, f-droid is a cornerstone in
           | the android ecosystem. I could source apks elsewhere but it
           | would be much more of a hassle and not necessarily have
           | automatic updates. iOS would become a lot more attractive to
           | me if Android didn't have the ecosystem that's centered
           | around the open apps that you can find on f-droid
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | >If you have nothing to install on your device
             | 
             | >I could source apks elsewhere
             | 
             | Do you or do you not have apps you want to install?
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | > The Play Store, and the Play Services themselves are much
           | more critical.
           | 
           | Critical for serving malware and spyware to the masses, yes.
           | GrapheneOS is based on Android and is _far better_ than a
           | Googled Android variant precisely because it is free of
           | Google junk and OEM crapware.
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | The internet itself is also critical for serving malware
             | and spyware, but that doesn't mean that the internet is
             | garbage. Google invests much more into removing malicous
             | apps from the app store than fdroid does.
        
         | stefan_ wrote:
         | I think both of those POVs are wrong. The whole thing about
         | F-Droid is that they have worked hard on not being a central
         | point of trust and failure. The apps in their store are all in
         | a repo (https://gitlab.com/fdroid/fdroiddata) and they are
         | reproducibly built from source. You could replicate it with not
         | too much effort, and clients just need to add the new
         | repository.
        
       | whalesalad wrote:
       | Absolutely zero details on the old or new server.
        
       | j1elo wrote:
       | I wonder if anyone knows about Droid-ify. Whether it it a safe
       | option, or better to stay away of it?
       | 
       | It showed up one day while I searched about why F-Droid was
       | always so extremely slow to update and download... then trying
       | Droid-ify, that was never a problem any more, it clearly had much
       | better connectivity (or simply less users?)
        
         | kasabali wrote:
         | it's a different client using same servers. fdroid official
         | client is just super buggy.
        
       | debugnik wrote:
       | > not hosted in just any data center [...] a long time
       | contributor with a proven track record of securely hosting
       | services
       | 
       | This is ambiguous, it could mean either a contributor's rack in a
       | colocation centre or their home lab in their basement. I'd like
       | to think they meant the former, but I can't deny I understood the
       | latter in my first read.
       | 
       | Also, no details on the hardware?
        
       | basilgohar wrote:
       | I think all the criticism of what F-Droid is doing here (or
       | perceived as doing) reflects more on the ones criticising than
       | the ones being criticised.
       | 
       | How many things went upside down and all the "right" things were
       | done (corporate governance, cloud native deployment, automation,
       | etc.). The truth is none of these processes are actually going to
       | make things more secure, and many projects went belly up despite
       | following these kinds of recommendations.
       | 
       | That being said, I am grateful to F-Droid fighting the good
       | fight. They are providing an invaluable service and I, for one,
       | am even more grateful that they are doing it as uncompromisingly
       | as possible (well into discomfort) according to their principles.
        
         | dugite-code wrote:
         | Not to mention this is a build server, its uptime isn't
         | actually all that critical, assuming they then mirror the
         | artifacts out from there.
         | 
         | Not to mention it also simplifies the security of controlling
         | signing keys significantly.
        
         | vachina wrote:
         | Exactly, if you run out of money, processes meant jackshit.
        
       | alexnewman wrote:
       | i'm glad we have a wing that's against gab app store. Can we have
       | one that's for them for balance?
        
       | anthk wrote:
       | Good. But I wish PostmarketOS supported more devices. On battery,
       | tons of kernel patches could be set per device plus a config
       | package in order to achieve the best settings. On software and
       | security...you will find more malware in Play Store than the
       | repos from PmOS/Alpine. I know it's not a 100% libre (FSF)
       | system, but that's a much greater step towards freedom than
       | Android, where you don't even own your device.
        
         | drnick1 wrote:
         | The issue with Linux-based phones is and remains apps. Waydroid
         | works pretty well, but since you need to rely on it so much,
         | you are better off using Graphene or Lineage in the first
         | place.
        
           | anthk wrote:
           | But Android it's a clusterfuck. Look Lemuroid, a Retroarch
           | based emulator with a nice GUI. With the new SAF related
           | permissions you can't make the emulator work any more.
           | 
           | And that being a libre package from F-Droid. And I noticed
           | several other bugs. Tyr for instance (an Yggmail service
           | which bundles Yggdrasil) doesn't have an armv7a version. Tyr
           | could be really useful with DeltaChat because you could talk
           | with any relative without depending on 3rd party mail
           | services. And because of arbitrary limitations, compiling a
           | 32 bit binary it's damn difficult for maintainers, yet I
           | could compile yggmail for Go under Termux without no issues.
           | 
           | Thus, that's why I prefer PostMarketOS, software would just
           | run once it's installed and for sure I wouldn't need to set
           | an SDK weighting several GB's.
        
             | drnick1 wrote:
             | Those are valid criticisms of Android, but I see at least
             | two problems that prevent wider adoption of PostmarketOS
             | (even among HN readers). First, it only supports what seems
             | to be ancient hardware. Contrast this with Graphene and
             | latest-gen Pixel support. Second, compatibility with
             | Android is critical. People just want to run their
             | Starbucks app and expect it to work.
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | Is it possible to add some kind of hardware detection to the
       | build process of a project submitted and inspect the details?
        
       | Gelob wrote:
       | so uhhh what are the specs of said server?
        
       | SuperNinKenDo wrote:
       | Christ, comment sections like this make me never want to do
       | anything that might gain widespread adoption, ever.
       | 
       | Brought to you by the helpful folks who managed to bully WinAmp
       | into retreating from open source. Very productive.
        
         | wolpoli wrote:
         | A lot of people here are used to working for companies with a
         | larger infrastructure budget.
        
       | vjay15 wrote:
       | I wish they could give more clarity on whether its hosted in a
       | professional server or someone's bedroom, because just saying
       | that "it's held by a long time contributor with a proven track
       | record of securely hosting services" is not very reassuring.
        
       | Abishek_Muthian wrote:
       | I don't understand why governments haven't started to fund
       | F-Droid, almost all govt. apps are open-source.
       | 
       | Countries which fear they could be cut off from the duopoly
       | mobile ecosystem should be forcing android manufacturers to
       | bundle in F-Droid; For the amount of nonsense regulations they
       | force phone manufacturers to adhere to, bundling F-Droid wouldn't
       | be that hard.
       | 
       | Google won't be happy, but anti-trust regulations would take care
       | of it.
        
         | edent wrote:
         | What did your local politician say when you wrote to them and
         | suggested it?
         | 
         | (I've worked with several politicians. You'd be surprised what
         | a well timed letter or meeting can achieve.)
        
           | idoubtit wrote:
           | Not much...
           | 
           | I wrote a few times to my local MPs ("depute", as we call
           | them in France). I usually got a response, though I suspect
           | it was written by their secretary with no other consequence.
           | In one case (related to privacy against surveillance), they
           | raised a question in the congress, which had just a symbolic
           | impact.
           | 
           | It may be different in other countries. In France, Parliament
           | is de-facto a marginal power against a strong executive
           | power. Even the legal terms are symptomatic of this
           | situation: the government submits a "project of law" while
           | MPs submit a "proposal of law" (which, for members of the
           | governing party, is almost always written by the government
           | then endorsed by some loyal MP).
        
         | worldsavior wrote:
         | Because it's not their responsibility. Why they should care
         | about these kind of stuff? Don't drop everything on
         | governments.
         | 
         | A project like F-Droid is dumb to begin with where they're the
         | one to build the apps.
        
           | MYEUHD wrote:
           | > A project like F-Droid is dumb to begin with where they're
           | the one to build the apps.
           | 
           | I heartily disagree. Linux distributions also build the
           | packages themselves, and that adds a layer of trust.
           | 
           | It ensures that everything in the fdroid repo is free
           | software, and can be self-built.
        
             | worldsavior wrote:
             | They don't. The community builds the packages.
             | 
             | There are other ways to ensure something is free software
             | and can be self built. Their approach is highly
             | inefficient.
        
       | Johnny555 wrote:
       | Does anyone know what the server is? I don't see it on their
       | site.
       | 
       | I'm curious why supply chain issues got in the way and why they
       | couldn't just configure a Dell Poweredge and get delivery in a
       | couple weeks.
       | 
       | I'm assuming they have some special requirements that weren't met
       | by an off-the-shelf server, so I'm just curious what those
       | requirements are.
        
       | utopiah wrote:
       | I think there are quite some misconceptions about F-Droid in the
       | comments :
       | 
       | - you can be your own F-Droid server
       | 
       | In fact it's a basic static HTTP(S) server that is generated with
       | the list of .apk and meta-data so it rely doesn't require much.
       | 
       | I think what is concerning to people is that the most popular
       | INSTANCE of F-Droid, the one that is by default when one
       | downloads the F-Droid CLIENT, is "centralized" but again that's a
       | misconception. It's only popular, it's not really central to
       | F-Droid itself. Adding another repository in the F-Droid parlance
       | is just a simple option of changing or adding a URL to more
       | instances.
       | 
       | That being said if anybody here would like to volunteer to be
       | provider a fallback to the build system to that popular instance,
       | I imagine the F-Droid team would welcome that with open arms.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | "It's only popular, it's not really central to F-Droid itself."
         | 
         | I've used F-Droid for years and I've never used the client
         | ("the F-Droid app")
         | 
         | For me the value of F-Droid is as a list of open-source
         | software with (a) pointers to source code and (b) sample
         | binaries
         | 
         | The goal of F-Droid could be to enable Android users to read,
         | edit and compile the software they choose to run on their
         | "phones"
         | 
         | But F-Droid promotes their own app ("the client") so maybe the
         | project's goal is something more like an "app store"
        
           | herewulf wrote:
           | Likely they are trying to make said list of open-source
           | software easily accessible. The vast majority of users are
           | incapable of compiling their own software. Probably it's
           | better (for users' freedom, privacy, and a healthy Android
           | FOSS ecosystem) to have these users obtaining software
           | through an F-Droid "app store" than through Google Play.
           | 
           | The goal that you suggest is interesting. It reminds me of
           | Guix, where one can obtain binaries or one can build the
           | entirety of packages oneself. All from the same system.
           | 
           | Perhaps you could share how you are currently building
           | software from source and/or F-Droid?
        
           | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
           | Is F-Droid intended for "the vast majority of users"
           | 
           | Is popularity, e.g., user majorities versus user minorities,
           | always equivalent to "importance". For web traffic and
           | associated data collection, ad services, etc., popularity is
           | obviously important. But what if one is not focused on such
           | things
           | 
           | Consider the statement "It's only popular, it's not really
           | central for F-Droid itself"
        
         | ptx wrote:
         | I don't think it's necessarily a misconception but rather
         | people having different conceptions of what the term "F-Droid"
         | refers to. It could refer to the client, the server tools, a
         | specific server instance, the project, the collection of
         | applications, or possibly other things.
         | 
         | Some people might use "F-Droid" in the same sense as the main
         | page [1] does, to mean "an installable catalogue of FOSS (Free
         | and Open Source Software) applications" but others in the sense
         | the about page [2] uses it, referring to the "non-profit
         | volunteer project", which is consistent with the project
         | statues [3]:
         | 
         | > _F-Droid is the name of a not-for-profit technical,
         | scientific and creative community effort serving the public
         | benefit._
         | 
         | The documentation start page [4] makes it a bit more clear:
         | 
         | > _F-Droid is both a repository of verified free software
         | Android apps as well as a whole "app store kit", providing all
         | the tools needed to setup and run an app store. It is a
         | community-run free software project developed by a wide range
         | of contributors. It also includes complete build and release
         | tools for managing the process of turning app source code into
         | published builds._
         | 
         | [1] https://f-droid.org/en/
         | 
         | [2] https://f-droid.org/en/about/
         | 
         | [3] https://commonsconservancy.org/dracc/0039/
         | 
         | [4] https://f-droid.org/en/docs/
        
       | amake wrote:
       | I publish an app to the App Store, Google Play, and F-Droid. For
       | years, F-Droid took absolute _ages_ to reflect a new release.
       | 
       | People used to criticize the walled gardens for having capricious
       | reviewers and slow review times, but I found F-Droid much more
       | frustrating to get approval from and _much_ slower to get a
       | release out.
       | 
       | So this development is much appreciated. In fact I had an inkling
       | that build times had improved recently when an update made it out
       | to F-Droid in only a day or two.
        
       | user205738 wrote:
       | Disappointed in HN because of these comments
        
         | Xunjin wrote:
         | Criticism is good when it comes with feasible suggestions or
         | even a little help.
         | 
         | I wonder how many of HN audience does know someone, or a guy
         | who knows a guy, which works in a data center able to manage
         | the hardware and a simple email/message/hello there could open
         | a new opportunity.
        
       | Dwedit wrote:
       | Is there anything that can be done about F-Droid downloading very
       | big files (over 50MB) every time it needs to update the
       | repository? I'd expect at the very least regular checkpoint
       | files, then difference files that get you from one checkpoint to
       | the next.
        
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