[HN Gopher] Times New American: A Tale of Two Fonts
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Times New American: A Tale of Two Fonts
        
       Author : firexcy
       Score  : 195 points
       Date   : 2025-12-30 12:56 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hsu.cy)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hsu.cy)
        
       | imnotlost wrote:
       | The correct typeface for the current U.S. administration would of
       | course be Comic Sans or perhaps Comic Serif for double-super-
       | serious documents.
        
         | Suzuran wrote:
         | Fraktur.
        
           | andybak wrote:
           | :-/
        
           | tempodox wrote:
           | Fraktur would be apt as the oldest existing typeface. This
           | administration and its supporters are so backward, it makes
           | the 1600s look like mega-liberal ultra-modern science
           | fiction. I'm just waiting for an executive order
           | reintroducing cuneiform.
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | > Martin Bormann issued a circular (the "normal type decree")
           | to all public offices which declared Fraktur (and its
           | corollary, the Sutterlin-based handwriting) to be
           | Judenlettern (Jewish letters) and prohibited their further
           | use.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraktur
           | 
           | I don't know if you meant to invoke pro/anti-Nazi
           | associations with this typeface but it's unfortunate that
           | such a fantastic lettering style carries around a poisonous
           | historical connotation.
        
             | throwaway173738 wrote:
             | Why is that poisonous? It sounds like Fraktur was rejected
             | by Nazi Germany which isn't a bad thing at all.
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | Do you know anything about the Nazis, other than that
               | they are bad?
               | 
               | They used Fraktur extensively before 1941 and it's
               | closely associated with Nazi imagery. This is all
               | explained in that link I posted.
               | 
               | I prefer to think of Lie groups, but it's rife in the
               | Nazi propaganda of the 30s, official documents etc.
        
             | Suzuran wrote:
             | I am aware (of the Judenlettern decree). The reference to
             | exactly this was intentional.
             | 
             | (Edit to make this _really_ obvious: The joke here is that
             | "fraktur = nazis" became such a meme that the nazis
             | themselves were annoyed by it and forbade its use, but this
             | is exactly the kind of thing the present administration
             | would either be unaware of or simply ignore and then use
             | fraktur intentionally to pander to neo-nazis.)
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | Thanks for spelling it out. I had a feeling that's the
               | point you were making, but that level of subtlety has a
               | hard time getting through, even on highbrow hn. Hence I
               | like to err on the side of spelling things out,
               | especially since I'm much more often a reader than a
               | writer.
        
         | johannes1234321 wrote:
         | No, Comic sans is too woke.
         | 
         | In seriousness: Comic Sans seems to be a good font for dyslexic
         | people and helps them read.
         | 
         | https://dyslexichelp.org/why-is-comic-sans-good-for-dyslexia...
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | Not sure why you are getting downvoted. Dropping Calibri was
           | done precisely because it was associated with a reason like
           | this, so you're entirely right.
        
         | mlfreeman wrote:
         | And Wingdings for classified material!
        
           | s20n wrote:
           | Of course, just as the highlight tool is used for redaction,
           | wingdings is used for encryption!
        
             | silon42 wrote:
             | Not Cyrillic?
        
         | robocat wrote:
         | > Comic Serif
         | 
         | https://www.hvdfonts.com/fonts/hvd-comic-serif
        
       | rchowe wrote:
       | Using either Calibri or Times New Roman makes it look like you
       | did not put any thought into your brand and chose the default in
       | Microsoft Word. The State department probably has certain
       | constraints (i.e. they likely have to choose one of the fonts
       | that ships with Microsoft Word, and possibly a subset of that
       | that also ships on macOS), but they could definitely choose
       | better than the default.
       | 
       | I find the narrow serif typefaces such as Century Schoolbook a
       | bit harder to read than ones with more normal spacing, and I
       | think the US government should optimize for legibility and
       | accessibility over style in routine communications. Palatino or
       | Garamond would probably be my choices.
        
         | xattt wrote:
         | It's the US government, and it could easily develop their own
         | Liberty- or Freedom-type if the current administration wanted
         | to leave their own mark.
        
           | theandrewbailey wrote:
           | https://public-sans.digital.gov/
        
             | beej71 wrote:
             | That actually doesn't look horrible to my untrained eye.
             | But the web page mentions accessibility, so I'm a little
             | bit surprised it still exists.
        
               | poly2it wrote:
               | Administered during none other than the first term of
               | Trump, as mentioned in the article!
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | That just makes it incredibly silly. A good argument from
               | the current administration would have been to pick Public
               | Sans and argue: We paid good money to have a good,
               | generic, license free font developed for the government,
               | and the previous administration went with a font that
               | will cost us money in terms of licensing (not sure how
               | true that might be, but it's potentially true, if used
               | outside Microsoft Word).
               | 
               | But the current Trump administration has a fun way of
               | forgetting everything done during his first presidency.
               | Even the smart choices.
               | 
               | I can't imagine how much all this rebranding is costing
               | the US taxpayers.
        
           | mjmsmith wrote:
           | Trump Grotesque.
        
             | treetalker wrote:
             | But we repeat ourselves.
        
             | knallfrosch wrote:
             | All letters have a shiny 3D gold effect you can't turn off.
        
             | Perceval wrote:
             | Trump does use Akzidenz Grotesk Bold Extended as one of his
             | main campaign fonts
        
             | tmoertel wrote:
             | You joke, but...
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_Mediaeval
             | 
             | (Note that this font predates Donald Trump's rise.)
        
         | jamesliudotcc wrote:
         | The worst is Times New Roman text with Calibri page numbers. A
         | sure sign somebody never learned how to use Microsoft Word.
        
           | sgarland wrote:
           | Does Word not default to switching all typefaces - header,
           | footer, etc.? If so, IMO that's a bad design that violates
           | the principle of least surprise.
        
             | clan wrote:
             | Word works very well without surprises if you have learned
             | how to use templating and proper headers - the semantics.
             | Big if!
             | 
             | I will claim most people still just do selections and
             | change font/weight.
             | 
             | So what is good design? Something which enforces our geeky
             | ideas of a base font? Or something which let people easily
             | do what they want to do and get work done? Who should get
             | the least amount of surprise?
             | 
             | Design is taste. Taste leads to principles. Principles
             | makes things easy. Design is also compromise. Compromise is
             | hard. Design is hard.
        
             | necovek wrote:
             | While it is possible to use "semantic" styling and page
             | layouts and templates in Word, I would argue that Word owes
             | its popularity to the fact that no user is surprised when
             | they select text, change the font, it does not change it
             | anywhere else.
             | 
             | It is one of the tools that popularised "WYSIWYG" as an
             | approach, and as we know from many other tools, you lose
             | something when you adopt a tool like that.
             | 
             | Now, I'd always recommend and use a TeX-based document
             | layout system (but despite my huge respect for DEK, not
             | Computer Modern family of fonts, even for mathematics), but
             | many struggle with non-visual document entry: it is no
             | surprise scientific community is the only one which
             | standardized on it since inputting mathematics visually is
             | a PITA.
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | I love Garamond as a style but it wouldn't be my choice for
         | legibility. Most renditions of Garamond have too little
         | x-height.
        
       | magnio wrote:
       | Shouldn't public documents by the government use a free and libre
       | font? In fact, the mentioned Public Sans developed by the US
       | federal government seems to be a great option, as it actually
       | distinguishes the lowercase l and the uppercase I, something
       | that, ironically, all suggested sans-serif alternatives fail to
       | do.
        
         | gumby271 wrote:
         | You would hope, but changing this font isn't about making
         | anything better, it's that Calibre was apparently a DEI font
         | and had to go. I can't imagine these people thinking highly of
         | an open source (Oooh communism) font that's also designed with
         | accessibility in mind.
        
           | b40d-48b2-979e wrote:
           | Are we still doing the communism thing? I thought the
           | bogeyman is _socialism_ now.
           | 
           | In any case, it would be nice to have some consistency across
           | the government, and if they want to make a change, at least
           | take prior works into account like what the Congress or
           | SCOTUS are doing in their official texts.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | Times New Roman is available at no cost under the Microsoft
         | Core Fonts for the Web. (Microsoft no longer distributes this,
         | but the license allows redistribution and redistribution is
         | popular). AFAIK, Apple explicitly licenses the fonts and most
         | open source OS distributions have a package for these fonts.
         | 
         | It's not libre, but font copyright is weird anyway, and the
         | federal government doesn't always need to follow copyright.
        
         | spatley wrote:
         | Further, Public Sans was developed by the US govt under the
         | first Trump administration and appears to be an excellent font.
         | That seems to be a wise choice against TNR or Calibri on
         | multiple angles.
        
       | symbogra wrote:
       | Wow, the sample shows that 15 point Calibri on official
       | government documents was truly awful. In software when we make a
       | mistake that causes some production issue the best first action
       | is almost always to roll back. Maybe 14 pt TNR isn't the best,
       | but rolling back to it is a defensible decision.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | That's a pretty good summary of the entire article :)
        
       | alex_suzuki wrote:
       | At some point in the past I read that serif fonts are better for
       | readability, as the supports at the base of the letters form a
       | line and help the eye stay "on track". This is never mentioned in
       | TFA, so I assume it's an urban legend? Personally I much prefer
       | serif fonts when reading longer texts.
        
         | phantom784 wrote:
         | I was once taught that serif fonts are better in print, and
         | sans-serif is better on a screen.
        
           | skywhopper wrote:
           | This was definitely true in the days before hi-res screens
           | and good anti-aliasing, simply because the serifs get lost or
           | become noise in lower-resolution settings. It's probably less
           | true today.
           | 
           | Of course, in terms of accessibility, there are any number of
           | reasons why someone might prefer to read content in any
           | number of typefaces. Certain typefaces are better for folks
           | with dyslexia. Others may be better for certain folks with
           | ADHD. People with low vision may just prefer a larger
           | typeface.
           | 
           | We have these amazing machines we've invented that can
           | display the same text in any number of different ways. At
           | this point, it seems ridiculous to need to mandate a specific
           | typeface for electronic usage. Sure, pick a well-regarded
           | default, but if we want to mandate something, it should be
           | that software provides tools to allow users to adjust textual
           | elements of documents they are reading to suit their own
           | needs.
        
             | wonger_ wrote:
             | Thanks for that. I thought the same as phantom784 and never
             | updated my opinion for hi-res screens.
             | 
             | Related to choosing defaults: I like these tips for
             | evaluating the legibility of a body typeface:
             | https://prowebtype.com/selecting-body-text/ They mention
             | one serif advantage, that "most serif typefaces are often
             | ideal choices for reading text due to the noticeable
             | strokes in their ascenders and descenders."
        
           | kccqzy wrote:
           | Yeah right. Times New Roman rendered using late 1990s
           | software on monitors of that era certainly looked awful.
           | These days text on screens can reasonably look like print.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | As indicated in the article, serifs come from _how_ original
         | letters were carved into stones: they were an artifact of the
         | tool in use.
         | 
         | Calligraphy developed similar traits by virtue of using a tool
         | that produced an oval shape, and that you had to take care not
         | to leave marks when pen/feather leaves the paper.
         | 
         | With the printing press, when we became able to put many books
         | out, we did start also doing some research about what makes a
         | book easy to read. Not least of because we could now easily put
         | many characters on a single line and print it in the thousands.
         | 
         | Serif or cursive fonts were the default "content" type, and
         | sans-serif was reserved for titles, shop names and other "short
         | texts" as a more "modern", cleaner look: serifs do indeed allow
         | one to more easily track a single long line of text, as you can
         | more clearly see the "baseline" and not accidentally skip into
         | the line above or below.
         | 
         | The next challenge is switching to the next line once you are
         | done with the one you are on: while serifs help there too, the
         | more important thing is the line length. Thus the famous (is
         | it? :) 60-70 word limit for a line, and why you also see many
         | web pages that only take like 20% of our modern 32"+ screens
         | when browsers are made full screen.
         | 
         | Now, columnar layout as popularized by newspapers does not
         | really come from the same desire: like TMR, it actually comes
         | from the desire to fit more on one page to save on costs. With
         | a wider column of text, all the last lines of paragraphs would
         | average out at being half-empty, which is quite a bit with a
         | wide column.
         | 
         | Sure, low resolution screens made sans-serif inevitable even
         | for documents, but compare that with the earliest segmented LCD
         | screens: font was what you could get rendered with as little
         | electronics as possible :)
         | 
         | But today, serif fonts on high resolution screens (though there
         | are still 32" Full HD screens which are not really high-
         | resolution), or with the use of subpixel rendering
         | (antialiasing is no match, as you can see by connecting a
         | modern Mac to a non-high res screen) are a great choice if you
         | want to limit the space you use and maintain great readability.
         | 
         | However, sans-serif fonts can work as well, and you may only
         | need to go with a larger line spacing or shorter lines. The
         | trick is to aim for a number of words/letters, and not
         | "pixels", though modern CSS treats them as a scalable unit.
         | 
         | (Sorry for all of this being a bit rambly, just wanted to share
         | a bit of the history along with how we can best apply it today)
        
       | swed420 wrote:
       | "Healthcare pls"
       | 
       | edit for the silent downvoters:
       | 
       | The article was good for the topic at hand. My comment applies to
       | the existence of the debate itself in the context of a failing
       | first world country. For those unfamiliar, the meme is critical
       | of both controlled opposition "sides" of our uniparty of capital
       | interests.
        
         | gordonhart wrote:
         | A few HN commenting guidelines might apply here:
         | 
         | > Eschew flamebait. Avoid generic tangents. Omit internet
         | tropes.
         | 
         | > Please don't use Hacker News for political or ideological
         | battle. It tramples curiosity.
         | 
         | > Please don't comment about the voting on comments. It never
         | does any good, and it makes boring reading.
        
           | swed420 wrote:
           | > Eschew flamebait.
           | 
           | Arguably the OP borders on flamebait if that's the standard.
           | 
           | > Avoid generic tangents.
           | 
           | OP encapsulates an example of my comment, and is not a
           | generic tangent.
           | 
           | > Omit internet tropes.
           | 
           | meme != trope
           | 
           | > Please don't use Hacker News for political or ideological
           | battle. It tramples curiosity.
           | 
           | Like the first point, all or nothing.
           | 
           | > Please don't comment about the voting on comments. It never
           | does any good, and it makes boring reading.
           | 
           | Point taken.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | HN isn't really for memes and quippy references. That's the
         | main reason you got downvoted, regardless of whether your
         | substantive political point is a good one or not. The original
         | comment matches the vibe of Reddit or Twitter a lot better than
         | HN.
        
           | swed420 wrote:
           | In that case, we'd better stop saying "Stallman was right"
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | Yes, we should, that would be great.
        
               | swed420 wrote:
               | I bet the temporarily embarrassed
               | millionaires/billionaires subset of HN would agree.
        
       | coffeefirst wrote:
       | Well, the correct traditional font for State should really be
       | Courier, because "Real America" used typewriters for all
       | correspondence.
        
         | 2b3a51 wrote:
         | I was sort of thinking that these 'cables' ought really to be
         | rendered in a teletypewriter font[1], but then having lower
         | case would be anachronistic.
         | 
         | My teacher training (quite a few decades ago) suggested that
         | for people with dyslexia you should set large quantities of
         | text;
         | 
         | # right ragged so inter-word spacing constant;
         | 
         | # without hyphenation;
         | 
         | # with line spacing larger than word spacing;
         | 
         | # and broken up into sections with headings that describe the
         | content of the section.
         | 
         | (As it happens I rarely need to use large chunks of text in
         | basic maths teaching)
         | 
         | [1] https://www.almendron.com/tribuna/wp-
         | content/uploads/2021/04... Kennan's notorious cable from 1946
         | _looks_ as if it would have severe consequences to me.
        
         | willturman wrote:
         | Documents in handwritten Jeffersonian calligraphy as a service.
        
       | tolerance wrote:
       | This was a terrific, reasonable take on this "controversy". I
       | have to admit that the correspondence set in Calibri looks like
       | something dispatched from a leasing office. Imagine reading the
       | Warren Commission report set in that. The author seems to settle
       | on the consensus that surrounded TNR before this exchange made
       | the news. It's banal. At times it signals to its original
       | objectives (e.g., Prof. Dr. style websites [1]). But still banal
       | more often than not.
       | 
       | I love Univers. But I don't think there's anyone in public office
       | with enough influence and swagger to ever enforce it. At the same
       | time I have a bad feeling about the attention that decisions like
       | this draw and what it may lead to. The article does a great job
       | at portraying the general incompetence in both parties.
       | 
       | I can imagine Beto O'Rourke somewhere dreaming about styling all
       | government communiques like a page out of _Ray Gun_. Planning his
       | come back. To set anything issued from Ted Cruz's office in Zapf
       | Dingbats. War.
       | 
       | [1]: https://contemporary-home-computing.org/prof-dr-style/
        
         | wavefunction wrote:
         | I suppose the administration's typo-ridden nonsense formatted
         | with a serif-font MIGHT appear more professional. It's
         | certainly possible, not impossible.
        
           | tolerance wrote:
           | Right. Now imagine something like this:
           | 
           | > In response, based upon the cumulative effects of these
           | hostile acts against the citizens and interests of the United
           | States and friendly foreign nations, the President recognized
           | that the United States is in a non-international armed
           | conflict with these designated terrorist organizations. The
           | President directed the Department of War to conduct
           | operations against them pursuant to the law of armed
           | conflict. The United States has now reached a critical point
           | where we must use force in self-defense and defense of others
           | against the ongoing attacks by these designated terrorist
           | organizations.
           | 
           | <https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/SAP-
           | SJ...>
           | 
           | In "Carlito"!
           | 
           | <https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Carlito>
        
         | jamesliudotcc wrote:
         | The Warren Commission report was set in Century Schoolbook, the
         | Supreme Court's typeface of choice. The appendices are photo
         | reproductions of originals produced on typewriters, so they are
         | in something monospaced.
         | 
         | You can see for yourself. They certainly would not have used
         | Times New Roman.
         | 
         | But I suppose interoffice memoranda are meant to be skimmed,
         | not read, so TNR or Calibri are both fine.
        
           | tolerance wrote:
           | I didn't mean to suggest that they would've. I just named a
           | government document with significant gravity behind it to
           | affect a point similar to the author's:
           | 
           | > There's nothing inherently wrong with this style, but one
           | would hardly want an official document or legal contract to
           | appear "warm and soft."
           | 
           | Consider the response I gave to the other child comment on
           | this thread referring to a different document as a revision
           | if that suits you. [1]
           | 
           | I'm sorry. I don't know of nor do I have the wherewithal to
           | find any correspondence from the State Department to bolster
           | my argument that "humanist fonts" are not always suited to
           | the tenor of all government correspondence. Oddly, none of
           | the press releases on state.gov are available in PDF as far
           | as I can tell.
           | 
           | Wait.
           | 
           | At least imagine _this_!
           | 
           | > The State Department is taking decisive action against five
           | individuals who have led organized efforts to coerce American
           | platforms to censor, demonetize, and suppress American
           | viewpoints they oppose. These radical activists and
           | weaponized NGOs have advanced censorship crackdowns by
           | foreign states--in each case targeting American speakers and
           | American companies. As such, I have determined that their
           | entry, presence, or activities in the United States have
           | potentially serious adverse foreign policy consequences for
           | the United States.
           | 
           | <https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-
           | spokesperson/20...>
           | 
           | In "Carlito"!
           | 
           | It's already in "Open Sans", which looks thinner and may have
           | a taller X-height. What do you think of it? Not quite "warm";
           | certainly "soft", I think. Should I feel concerned about this
           | news? Or just alright?
           | 
           | Anodyne. That's the way the words start to look after some
           | time when set like this. How far away is that feeling from
           | "banal"?
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-
           | content/uploads/2025/03/SAP-SJ...
        
         | moron4hire wrote:
         | I'm sorry, you can't argue the font choice signals banality in
         | the same article in which you argue that readers aren't
         | sophisticated enough on font choice to catch that serifs are
         | supposed to signal professionalism.
        
           | xiphmont wrote:
           | He can, he did, and we're all here arguing about it, which
           | somehow delights me.
        
           | tolerance wrote:
           | Why not? One quality is inherent, the other inherited. The
           | typeface was developed with banality in mind and presumably
           | become popular because of its utility in this respect. The
           | ensuing popularity in word processors and on the Web likely
           | lead to the idea that it's more professional than others.
           | 
           | Again, the author:
           | 
           | > Indeed, the stronger explanation for Times New Roman's long
           | reign isn't aesthetic excellence, but practicality and
           | inertia.
        
             | f30e3dfed1c9 wrote:
             | "The typeface was developed with banality in mind..."
             | 
             | That's completely wrong. Times New Roman was designed for
             | legibility at small sizes, in narrow columns, on absorbent
             | newsprint, printed at high speed. That is, it was designed
             | explicitly for a very specific purpose, which it fills
             | admirably.
             | 
             | None of that should be taken as any kind of comment on the
             | current brouhaha.
        
               | tolerance wrote:
               | I hate for us to have to make it clear that any claim in
               | favor of the typeface's suitability should not be
               | interpreted as direct support for those responsible for
               | re-instituting it. This isn't an admonishment, but a
               | lament I hope you may share.
               | 
               | While TNR wasn't designed to evoke banality in its less
               | desirable connotations I do think the way that you're
               | describing it match sensibilities that the word "banal"
               | can also carry; Ordinary, commonplace. I admit--it's a
               | stretch I'm taking. But how far from banal is the
               | utilitarian?
        
             | moron4hire wrote:
             | Because font choice outside of large strokes like fantasy
             | fonts is meaningless.
             | 
             | All of this exposition only works if people are literate in
             | typography enough to get it. Most people can't even
             | understand literalist art, say nothing about the symbolism
             | of typography.
             | 
             | It's like how the Victorians invented a whole meaning
             | categorization to different species of flowers and then
             | acted like it was universal law. It's a secret in-crowd
             | code. It has no inherent meaning.
        
               | tolerance wrote:
               | Could you clarify what you mean by "meaningless"?
               | 
               | How you can conceive a literate society that is not
               | affected by type. The fact that general literacy is
               | apparently declining is beside the point but we remain
               | surrounded by letters and words, the shape of which
               | determine how we comprehend what they point out. Planes,
               | signs, screens depend on font choice to be effective.
               | Newspapers and memoranda too.
               | 
               | The degrees may vary but the significance of a font
               | choice just can't be as simple as you make it seem. Just
               | only to the extent of the value the public ascribes to
               | the type-bearing object. Granted, we may be assigning
               | _too much_ to US State Department documents. But who's to
               | say?
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | I love Univers as well, but the _Q_ is just _too_ weird by most
         | folks perceptions.
        
           | xiphmont wrote:
           | Q, more than any other glyph, is the letter that never fails
           | to look weird in every typeface when I spend too much time
           | looking at it/re-re-re-re-designing it.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | Not sure why Beto is catching strays, but I can tell you're
         | from Texas, heh.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | > correspondence set in Calibri looks like something dispatched
         | from a leasing office
         | 
         | In general this is the way I feel about _anything_ written in a
         | Microsoft-, Apple-, or Ubuntu-supplied typeface. If you stick
         | to system fonts you the pinnacle of embodiment of apathy in my
         | book.
         | 
         | Have some backbone, browse through Google fonts, pick something
         | that represents your organization and stick with it.
         | 
         | Even if you are a leasing office, pick a good font. That will
         | make me more likely to lease from you because your attention to
         | typography conveys to me that you will also be attentive to
         | details in building maintainence. If you communicate in Times
         | New Roman and Arial it tells me that you probably are apathetic
         | about mold in the walls and electrical code as well.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | That's... certainly an opinion.
        
           | necovek wrote:
           | While I appreciate nice typography like not many do (I decide
           | on what editions of a book -- especially classics -- to get
           | based on the typography and overall layout), I also
           | appreciate that I may be easily swayed by good typography and
           | land on a crappy outcome (I have several very lousy books
           | that were done really well typographically :)).
           | 
           | So I'd never use that as a metric: yes, _I_ care about
           | typography, and if the content of the message is equivalent,
           | I 'll pick the one done better. But I do not expect everyone
           | else to put as much weight on it.
        
           | tiffanyh wrote:
           | Any typefaces you'd recommend?
        
       | TomMasz wrote:
       | Sadly, all that matters is it's free of any "DEI" connotations.
        
       | LucasFonts wrote:
       | Our studio, LucasFonts, designed Calibri. Here are our CEO
       | Luc(as) de Groot's thoughts on the matter:
       | 
       | Back to bad...
       | 
       | Deciding to ditch Calibri as a 'wasteful diversity' font is both
       | hilarious and sad. I designed Calibri to make reading on modern
       | computer screens easier, and in 2006 Microsoft chose it to
       | replace Times New Roman as the default font in the Office suite.
       | Microsoft moved away from Times for good reasons. Calibri
       | performs exceptionally well at small sizes and on standard office
       | monitors, whereas serif fonts like Times New Roman create more
       | visual disturbance. Although serif fonts work well on high-
       | resolution displays, such as those found on modern smartphones,
       | the serifs can introduce unnecessary visual noise on typical
       | office screens and be particularly problematic for users with
       | impaired vision, such as older adults.
       | 
       | Professional typography can be achieved with serif or sans serif
       | fonts. However, that is not very easy with Times New Roman, a
       | typeface older than the current president. Originally crafted in
       | Great Britain for newspaper printing, Times was optimised for
       | paper, with each letterform meticulously cut and tested for
       | specific sizes. In the digital era, larger-size drawings were
       | repurposed as models, resulting in a typeface that appears too
       | thin and sharp when printed at a high quality.
       | 
       | Depending on the situation, fonts with serifs are often
       | considered more classic, but they take more work to get right.
       | While a skilled typographer can produce excellent results with
       | Times New Roman, using the digital default version is not
       | considered professional practice. This font only offers two
       | weights, Regular and Bold, and the Bold version has a very
       | different design that does not fit well. There are many better
       | serif typefaces available. The digital version of Times New
       | Roman, developed in the early days of computing, includes only
       | minimal adjustments to letter pairs. This is particularly
       | noticeable in all-capital words such as 'CHICAGO', where the
       | spacing is inconsistent: the letters 'HIC' are tightly packed,
       | while 'CAG' are spaced too far apart. By contrast, Calibri
       | incorporates extensive spacing adjustments and language-specific
       | refinements.
       | 
       | This decision takes the administration back to the past and back
       | to bad.
       | 
       | (Microsoft could not rectify spacing issues in Times New Roman
       | without altering the appearance of existing documents.)
        
         | loughnane wrote:
         | Fyi since your account is new. It's a faux pas here to have a
         | "company" account.
        
           | otterley wrote:
           | The company may well consist of only the poster himself.
        
             | hoppyhoppy2 wrote:
             | Not so, according to their website.
        
           | 3rodents wrote:
           | That's not true. Sincere engagement is what people expect. A
           | copy-and-paste of a statement is less desirable than, say,
           | Lucas himself coming to post his thoughts, but it is still
           | valuable and not a faux pas. The spirit of HN is: does the
           | post or comment add something of value?
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Says who? I've never heard that, and am not even close to
           | new.
        
             | forzerpendulum wrote:
             | It's heavily implied through social observation here on the
             | site. Just like how "memes and quippy references" are
             | frowned upon, which you immediately pointed out in a
             | separate comment. Since you're not new, you just outed
             | yourself as someone who has just enough social awareness to
             | understand a small subset of what's implicitly accepted
             | here, but you haven't fully developed the mental capacity
             | for implications more than one layer deep.
        
           | yawaramin wrote:
           | SQLite would like to have a word...
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | Personally, I don't have a problem with them changing fonts. I
         | personally think Times isn't a great choice for the reasons
         | articulated in that statement (something open and more legible
         | seems better to me), but I don't think it's a horrible choice
         | either (it's standard and efficient with space). If the State
         | Department wants to use a certain font, it's their prerogative.
         | 
         | What bothers me about the decision is their rationale. If they
         | had just switched without any explanation, it would have seemed
         | more judicious and politic, befitting a department of state.
         | Even better would be to announce a thoughtful font choice with
         | reasoning based on the font itself, without defaulting to some
         | thoughtless option "because that's the way it was done in the
         | past", and moving away from the existing choice "because DEI".
         | As it is, in my opinion, they made themselves look like idiots
         | by obsessing over fonts from the perspective of something like
         | DEI, as if they are paranoid over any possible subatom of DEI
         | infecting their presence. Rubio couldn't just make it about the
         | font, so to speak, he had to get hung up on irrelevant details
         | which makes him (in my opinion) look worse than anything he
         | might be criticizing.
         | 
         | If you read the original announcement, my impression was that
         | the choice of Calibri was because it it made state department
         | functions easier as Calibri was the default in commonly used
         | software (which seems kind of a poor reason to me, but one I
         | can respect on practicality grounds). Legibility was also a
         | concern (as it should be in my opinion). So something
         | functional about Calibri (legibility) becomes "DEI" which is
         | almost like cooties for this administration. Even if you
         | disagree about the legibility of Calibri, denouncing legibility
         | as a criterion per se seems absurd to me.
         | 
         | The whole decision seems like a joke to me and a lost
         | opportunity to set a decent design standard.
        
           | halostatue wrote:
           | > The whole decision seems like a joke to me and a lost
           | opportunity to set a decent design standard.
           | 
           | That would require that the individuals involved actually
           | have _taste_. Instead, as with everything else from this
           | administration, it 's a toot on their favourite dog whistle.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | Donald Trump and, frankly, those around him in general are
             | what poor people think rich people are like, but I wouldn't
             | exactly be one to claim that the design language used by
             | the Biden Administration, like switching to Calibri, are
             | very tasteful either. In leftist popular culture there is a
             | love for modernist style architecture, minimalism, and a
             | disrespect for building beautiful things that cost a lot of
             | money or time. Rightwing circles have their own problems
             | here too, to be fair.
             | 
             | But mandating Greco-Roman architecture by the Trump
             | administration for federal buildings was actually a huge
             | win for taste and design. Though unfortunately many people
             | have become confused about what good design is or the
             | reason to choose that architecture style can't be overcome
             | by their distaste for President Trump or his
             | administration, which is very arguably deserved based on
             | their conduct, speech, or mannerisms.
             | 
             | When we take away formality or tradition from governmental
             | institutions you take away pieces of civilization and
             | governmental authority that we, really can't afford to
             | lose. When government buildings are designed to look like
             | shit, for example, one might come to believe the government
             | is shit too (Democrat or Republican run) and the next thing
             | you know you're running red lights or flipping off the
             | court because the document they sent you in the mail
             | doesn't look scary and official.
             | 
             | Secretary Duffy was right too about airline travel. Well,
             | there is another to unpack there. Flying is lame compared
             | to rail unless you're flying across the country, and being
             | shaken down by the TSA is undignified and thus people dress
             | to meet the lack of dignity and respect the government
             | shows them at the airline terminal.
             | 
             | But he's not wrong.
             | 
             | When you put more care into how you dress you instinctively
             | put more care into how you treat others and how you dress
             | impacts how others treat you. I'm not suggesting a mandate
             | or anything, but I'll fly in a suit and tie easily and
             | comfortably all day long over stained sweatpants and
             | bringing my comfort dog on to the flight to annoy everyone.
             | Dress how you want, but if you can't take care of the
             | basics I'm not sure where else you think society is going
             | other than downhill in a fashion.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | I do find it faintly ironic that Sort Of Greek Or Roman
               | Or Something architecture was the villain in Ayn Rand's
               | novel.
               | 
               | Living here in DC I don't especially mind Federalist
               | Architecture, even though it does look like somebody saw
               | some photos of Rome and Athens and kinda mashed them
               | together. But I don't love insisting that a 19th century
               | view of the second century BC must forevermore be the
               | only possible taste.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | If you have another architectural style for western
               | civilization which bases its institutions on Greece and
               | Rome, I'd be interested in learning more about it. It's
               | not necessarily about a 19th century view of 2nd century
               | BC architectural concepts (which itself is a bit of a
               | farce of a comment) but more so about anchoring the
               | longevity and legitimacy of governmental institutions to
               | a historical heritage.
               | 
               | Similarly I wouldn't recommend, say, that the Afghani
               | people or Mongolia for example build federalist or Greco-
               | Roman style architecture for their government buildings
               | as it wouldn't make much sense and wouldn't have any
               | basis in their history.
               | 
               | There's also some science to it and we know the
               | asymmetrical buildings and buildings which make entrances
               | and other expected features hard to find cause measurable
               | levels of stress and anxiety in the observer. Hostile
               | architecture.
        
         | snickerbockers wrote:
         | Honest question: do you have any financial stake in this? I'm
         | assuming you don't get paid per-document or whatever but do you
         | have any sort of income dependent on Microsoft shipping your
         | font with outlook (whether as the default font or not)?
         | 
         | I don't mean to accuse you of anything but to 99% of the
         | population this is a complete nothingburger and it looks
         | ridiculous that anybody would care (this cuts both ways btw I
         | also think Rubio is being a cringy idiot). I just don't
         | understand what the big deal is here and I really cannot
         | understand why anybody (on either "side") cares.
        
         | croisillon wrote:
         | repost ;) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46229533
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Verdana is more readable on low-resolution screens than
         | Calibri. I never understood why they didn't use the former,
         | which already existed, and just extended its character
         | repertoire a bit.
        
         | yawaramin wrote:
         | Tbh they should have just mandated it to Aptos for new
         | communications, with TNR and Calibri acceptable for old devices
         | that have not been updated yet. Having people spend effort
         | overriding the default font on their machine is frankly a waste
         | of taxpayer dollars.
        
       | austy69 wrote:
       | > The general public doesn't perceive serif typefaces as
       | professional and authoritative, a priori, before prioritizing
       | their use in formal settings. Instead, people first observe that
       | government, academia, and corporate workplaces disproportionately
       | use serif faces -- or are trained to use them -- and only then
       | infer that serifs must mean professionalism and authority.
       | 
       | A difficult to stomach claim followed up with evidence that I
       | think supports the opposite than the author intended: the font
       | being in used in _The Times of London_ , which is indeed
       | authoritative and professional despite it being written on cheap
       | paper.
       | 
       | On another note, I would throw up if I had to read legal
       | documents all day in a sans-serif font.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | The font was used by the London Times until 1972.
         | 
         | And nobody thinks of the London Times when he sees Times New
         | Roman. It's just a default font many used in Word.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | I too stopped when I read that sentence. It's like saying
         | someone can't tell the difference in professionalism between
         | someone in a well tailored three piece suit vs. a sweater and
         | jeans until they've been taught.
         | 
         | Ornateness itself is associated with being attentive to detail
         | and likely more wealthy.
         | 
         | And even if you take them at their word, it's a distinction
         | without a difference. Serif is known to be more professional.
         | 
         | But! As many have pointed out, and he does about TNR in the
         | article: the default font for documents tends to suggest
         | apathy. That argument against TNR is just as strong for
         | Calibri. And there are far better looking, more functional
         | fonts than either of these two.
        
         | tevon wrote:
         | Completely agree. This statement is immediately disproven by
         | the authors following points. Eg pointing out that the supreme
         | court, and other authoritative bodies exclusively use serif
         | fonts...
         | 
         | Of course there is no "a priori", the general public doesn't
         | know what a letter is "a priori" until they are taught. At the
         | same time they are taught which fonts are formal and
         | authoritative and which are not.
         | 
         | Everyone knows Comic Sans is not appropriate for a legal brief.
         | No matter if that is "a priori" or not.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | My first immediate mental connection from serif fonts is the
         | signs in ancient Roman or Roman inspired monuments.
         | 
         | But I am southern European so it's a relatively common sight, I
         | wonder if Americans view them differently.
        
       | jamesliudotcc wrote:
       | As for Calibri, even Microsoft has moved on. They designed a
       | successor font family for even better readability, and that
       | happened before the State Department changed to Calibri. It also
       | has serif variants.
       | 
       | https://microsoft.design/articles/a-change-of-typeface-micro...
       | 
       | No knock on Calibri, which I admire.
       | 
       | (edited to put the link on its own line.)
        
         | otterley wrote:
         | This was discussed in the article.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | From the linked https://federalcourt.press/wp-
       | content/uploads/2018/03/Eighth...
       | 
       | > Typographic decisions should be made for a purpose. The Times
       | of London chose the typeface Times New Roman to serve an audience
       | looking for a quick read. Lawyers don't want their audience to
       | read fast and throw the document away; they want to maximize
       | retention. Achieving that goal requires a different approach--
       | different typefaces, different column widths, different writing
       | conventions. Briefs are like books rather than newspapers. The
       | most important piece of advice we can offer is this: read some
       | good books and try to make your briefs more like them.
       | 
       | This is somewhat ironic as, if I'm not mistaken, it is written by
       | lawyers and uses Times New Roman. (Does the 8th circuit want the
       | reader to read fast and throw the document away?)
        
         | Kwpolska wrote:
         | This document is typeset in New Century Schoolbook.
        
           | djoldman wrote:
           | Hrm, interesting: I couldn't tell the difference.
        
       | llm_nerd wrote:
       | "Instead, people first observe that government, academia, and
       | corporate workplaces disproportionately use serif faces -- or are
       | trained to use them -- and only then infer that serifs must mean
       | professionalism and authority."
       | 
       | This is an aside, but many people would benefit from appreciating
       | what is observed here, because it impacts an enormous numbers of
       | preferences and perceptions people hold.
       | 
       | A good example is 24 FPS in cinema, which we generally attribute
       | to high quality movies, baked in our value system via a
       | technical/financial limit imposed a century ago. If a movie is
       | presented any higher it gets mentally mapped with soap operas and
       | low quality sitcoms, and it is disorienting to people. The Hobbit
       | tried upping to 48FPS and it was described as "resembling low-
       | budget video like American daytime soap operas rather than
       | cinematic film". Higher quality TV dramas shoot at 24 FPS,
       | intentionally forcing the 3:2 pulldown for TV presentation to
       | signal "no, compare me to a movie not those other TV shows".
       | 
       | There are many areas in our life where we're judging things by
       | this signalling criteria, and not by any real objective measure,
       | yet people will often invent objective measures to assuage
       | themselves that their values aren't so easily manipulated. Bring
       | up 24FPS being a baked in _limitation_ rather than some pinnacle
       | of film making and many will start contriving why no, they
       | actually prefer it because... It 's all just noise.
        
       | freetanga wrote:
       | I guess this is the thing preventing the release of the Epsteins
       | files...
       | 
       | I imagine a 20-strong commission deciding whether to publish them
       | in colibri or times new Roman.
       | 
       | Taxes at work
        
       | Kwpolska wrote:
       | > The Supreme Court's [...] opinions are typeset in Century
       | Schoolbook from that family. Originating in the 19th century, the
       | typeface features more expansive proportions, balanced stroke
       | contrast, and an elegant form, exuding a far more assertive
       | presence than Times New Roman. As the name suggests, it also
       | began life as a textbook face, optimized for legibility. With
       | proper typesetting, it reads far better than a haphazardly
       | produced Word document set in Times New Roman.
       | 
       | The example document is typeset in Century Schoolbook, with the
       | exception of "SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES", which is
       | typeset in Times New Roman.
        
       | constantcrying wrote:
       | Sure, Times New Roman is not a great font and comes with many
       | negative connotations. But having official government
       | communication look like a highschoolers first digital essay is
       | even worse.
       | 
       | The obvious solution is doing what many large companies, as well
       | as other governments are doing. Create your own Font. (e.g.
       | https://styleguide.bundesregierung.de/sg-de/basiselemente/sc...
       | https://www.ibm.com/plex/)
        
       | piker wrote:
       | One thing that I don't see much mentioned in the article or the
       | comments is that for Word documents at least, Times New Roman may
       | be a more portable default if you want the document to render
       | identically across platforms. Not everyone has Word and Word
       | proprietary fonts installed. Times is proprietary but available
       | on Linux and MacOS and has a metric compatible substitute in the
       | open source. Not sure about Calibre.
       | 
       | Yes, fonts can be bundled with a document but that might impose
       | legal considerations as well as technical.
       | 
       | Using more "standard" fonts like Times New Roman might thus help
       | fight against the word processing monopoly.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | Most font licenses allow one to embed it into a document and
         | then use that document as intended (to print, view...), but do
         | not extend the license to the document recipient to extract the
         | font and use it in newly created documents.
         | 
         | Using a common font like Times-compatible (metrics-wise) does
         | help to an extent, but it can still fall off quickly with
         | different ligatures, Unicode-combining character support etc.
         | To be honest, I've never seen a Word document that looks
         | exactly the same when opened on two Windows computers, even if
         | those two computers should be roughly the same (corporate
         | managed computers): I remember it used to be affected by print
         | settings back in the day, but not sure what triggers it today.
         | 
         | Admittedly, I only use Windows computers and Word documents the
         | last few days at work, as I've been in the Linux world for the
         | last ~27 years otherwise.
        
           | piker wrote:
           | > Most font licenses allow one to embed it into a document
           | and then use that document as intended (to print, view...),
           | but do not extend the license to the document recipient to
           | extract the font and use it in newly created documents.
           | 
           | Yes, but most users wouldn't have a clue that is even an
           | issue or why and how to do the embedding.
        
       | atorodius wrote:
       | Tangential but did not see it mentioned: Calibri must have been
       | the Microsoft Word default at some point, at least in some parts
       | of the world, because seeing it makes me think this is a Word
       | document by a person that did not change the default font.
        
         | tuetuopay wrote:
         | It absolutely was, from Office 2007 up to Office 365 where they
         | switched to Aptos (2023-ish?)
        
       | internet2000 wrote:
       | This blog post has good fundamentals but ends up missing the
       | mark. Is Times New Roman the perfect serif? Obviously not. Is it
       | better than Calibri? Yes. Is "hey go back to how things were
       | before" the simplest plan to execute? Also yes.
       | 
       | I personally would've liked Georgia since I imagine that's
       | similarly ubiquitous. People suggesting a custom typeface are out
       | of their mind.
        
       | tevon wrote:
       | The argument here doesn't hold up for me.
       | 
       | The author states "The formality and authority of serif typefaces
       | are largely socially constructed, and Times New Roman's origin
       | story and design constraints don't express these qualities."
       | 
       | Yes, formality and authority are both, quite literally, social
       | constructs. There is NO "natural" or "universal" formality or
       | even authority without human social input.
       | 
       | I would also argue that, though most users cannot distinguish
       | between a serif and sans serif font, they DO understand the serif
       | fonts connote formality. eg in high school they were told to
       | submit their papers in a serif font, or where they read a court
       | opinion they also read serif (even if not the same font).
       | 
       | Sure, the State Department could have selected a different serif
       | font. But a reversion to what was previously used seems
       | completely normal.
       | 
       | Secondarily, I do think Calibri looks far too casual for the
       | State Department. Its what I would use if I were quickly printing
       | out my notes...
        
         | sgnelson wrote:
         | I agree with the critique on the "socially constructed" part of
         | this article.
         | 
         | I'd also add that since it was literally _The Times_ newspaper
         | which created the font, and it was considered one of _the
         | papers of record_ for the time (no pun intended), the font was
         | probably designed to have a sense of accuracy, truth and
         | authority. In other words, the institution that created the
         | font is very much part of the socially constructed aspect of
         | this font. In this case giving it that air of authority via it
         | 's relationship with a newspaper of record.
        
       | sgnelson wrote:
       | Since TNR was designed for print and thus it seems they expected
       | the ink to "bleed" and make the characters appear thicker than
       | they would have been for the actual (leaded?) type face, was this
       | taken into account when turning it into a digital type face?
       | 
       | From reading the article, it appears the answer is no. Has anyone
       | made a TNR digital font that would account for how it would look
       | if printed on 1900's newsprint?
        
       | mlsu wrote:
       | It's so frustrating. We already created a font for government
       | communication, Public Sans. It looks great, it's very strong,
       | neutral, readable, and respectable. Clearly a lot of effort went
       | into making it accessible etc.
       | 
       | But we have to throw that away because the wrong party was in
       | charge when it happened.
       | 
       | https://public-sans.digital.gov/
       | 
       | I'm so sick of this RETVRN crap happening seemingly everywhere.
       | Yes, public buildings and typefaces and etc are uglier than they
       | used to be. That's not because our aesthetic standards changed;
       | it's because we financialized and technologized the entire
       | economy and made it impossible to make an honest living as a
       | plasterworker, typesetter, designer, etc. Those old buildings are
       | beautiful because they were made by human beings who were allowed
       | to develop their skills and aesthetic preferences outside of a
       | completely efficientized, marketized, computerized system.
       | 
       | When we RETVRN by telling the machine to output different
       | aesthetic preferences, it will emit a cheap simulacra of the
       | beauty of the past. Which imo is infinitely more depressing than
       | any of the modern crap we have now. Think Kentucky suburb
       | McMansions, everywhere, forever. That's what these guys want.
        
         | llmslave2 wrote:
         | Public Sans was created during Trump's first term tho.
        
       | schmuckonwheels wrote:
       | In between all the political bitching, no one has ever noted the
       | fact that TNR will render correctly on basically any computer
       | built in the last 30 years, including crusty UNIX workstations
       | from the 90s.
        
         | willturman wrote:
         | This is mentioned in the post:
         | 
         | > _Indeed, the stronger explanation for Times New Roman's long
         | reign isn't aesthetic excellence, but practicality and inertia.
         | Times New Roman was among the small set of typefaces bundled
         | with early versions of Windows. It was also promoted as "web-
         | safe," meaning webmasters could reasonably assume it would
         | render properly across platforms. In the early era of
         | digitalization, choosing Times New Roman was often less a
         | deliberate endorsement than a default imposed by limited
         | options. Over time, the habit hardened into a standard, and
         | institutions began to require it without much reflection,
         | effectively borrowing their own authority to confer authority
         | upon the typeface._
        
           | kps wrote:
           | And Times is one of the three original Postscript core
           | typefaces, along with Helvetica and Courier.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | When I jumped into my GNU/Linux journey in late 90s, TNR was
         | nowhere to be found, and I believe is only available through
         | "ms-ttcorefonts" or whatever the package is called (IOW, Times
         | New Roman actually comes from Microsoft).
         | 
         | I believe "Times" is the venerable standard, and has been
         | present on Unices and Macs since... forever. Now, TNR is the
         | same metrics-wise IIRC, and thus it was always a recommendation
         | to use a fallback line of the form "Times New Roman, Times,
         | serif".
        
       | paulvnickerson wrote:
       | Enemies of this administration have no idea how to pick their
       | battles.
        
       | jgalt212 wrote:
       | The serious piece, that wants to be taken seriously, is written
       | in a serif font. That's my takeaway.
        
         | macleginn wrote:
         | More precisely, Lyon Text Web.
        
       | TheGRS wrote:
       | I think this whole thing could be summed up by: this is an
       | acceptable change made with wildly bad rationale.
        
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