[HN Gopher] Some Epstein file redactions are being undone
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       Some Epstein file redactions are being undone
        
       Related: https://xcancel.com/vmfunc/status/2003292986650853825
       https://old.reddit.com/r/law/comments/1ptlms6/some_epstein_f...
       https://krassencast.com/p/breaking-we-just-unredacted-the-ep...
        
       Author : vinni2
       Score  : 925 points
       Date   : 2025-12-23 20:10 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | montroser wrote:
       | Let's nobody make any fuss about this yet, lest they wise up
       | before releasing the rest of the docs this way too!
        
       | lawn wrote:
       | Lots of these redaction doesn't make sense unless they're made to
       | protect the rich and powerful. Not surprising of course.
        
       | Kaibeezy wrote:
       | See also:
       | 
       | We Just Unredacted the Epstein Files
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46364121
       | 
       | I tried to ascertain, but am not certain, this is the original
       | blog source. Maybe they made some prior X posts.
        
       | Alifatisk wrote:
       | Alright, now when everyone knows this. I hope people have backed
       | up all the files to unredact everything before DOJ retracts the
       | sensitive documents.
        
       | The-Old-Hacker wrote:
       | See also: https://x.com/FaytuksNetwork/status/2003237895897780632
        
       | tomekf wrote:
       | How it's done from technical point?
        
         | general1465 wrote:
         | Mistaking redaction tool (replaces data with black square) and
         | black highlighter (adds black square as another layer). If
         | people doing redactions are computer-illiterate, they won't see
         | the difference.
        
         | mmh0000 wrote:
         | Layers.
         | 
         | PDF is an absurdly complex file format. It's part of the reason
         | there is no single "good" PDF reader, just a lot of mediocre
         | PDF readers that are all terrible in their own way. Which is a
         | topic for another day.
         | 
         | There are several ways to remove data in a PDF:
         | 
         | - Remove the data. This is much harder than it sounds. Many PDF
         | tools won't let you change the content of a PDF, not because it
         | isn't possible, but because you'll likely massively screw up
         | the formatting, and the tools don't want to deal with that.
         | 
         | - Replace the data. This what what all the "blackout" tools do,
         | find "A" and replace with "". This is effective and doesn't
         | break formatting since it's a 1-to-1 replacement. The problem
         | with "replacing" is that not every PDF tool works the same way,
         | and some, instead, just change the foreground and background
         | color to black; it looks nearly the same, but the power of
         | copy-and-paste still functions.
         | 
         | - Then you have the computer illiterate, who think changing the
         | foreground and background color to black is good enough anyway.
        
           | hallole wrote:
           | Thanks for this. Really quells the urge I get every so often
           | to just code my own PDF editor, because they all suck and
           | certainly it couldn't be THAT hard. Such hubris!
        
             | gregsadetsky wrote:
             | Don't stop yourself before getting started. I believe in
             | you - maybe you could write the one editor that would
             | actually work!
             | 
             | Not kidding - it's a ~~~billion dollar market haha
             | 
             | Make an MVP/Show HN :-)
        
             | brailsafe wrote:
             | Heh, have at it, here's the full spec:
             | https://developer.adobe.com/document-
             | services/docs/assets/5b...
             | 
             | Should take... a weekend tops? ;) PDF is crazy and scary
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | 7.5.6 "Incremental updates" from the specification is an
               | interesting section too, speaking about accessing data
               | people didn't think to remove from PDF files properly.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | We will be able to say that AGI has arrived when we can
               | hand that spec off to a model and tell it to build an
               | Acrobat clone.
        
               | exasperaited wrote:
               | We will be able to say that AGI has arrived when the AI
               | hands it back and says "no".
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Or goes on strike.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | > PDF includes eight basic types of objects: Boolean
               | values, Integer and Real numbers, Strings, Names, Arrays,
               | Dictionaries, Streams, and the null object
               | 
               | Wait, this is more complete than SOAP. It may be a good
               | idea to redo the IPC protocol with a different
               | serialization format!
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | Well, it's a descendant of Postscript (much like JSON is
               | a descendant of Javascript, loosely)
               | 
               | Society would probably never recover if we started
               | implementing RPC-in-Postscript though.
        
             | NamTaf wrote:
             | Bravo to you for recognising the load-bearing 'just' before
             | you threw it around :)
        
             | kayodelycaon wrote:
             | I did a bunch of work creating pdfs using a low-level API,
             | object goes here stuff.
             | 
             | As far as I understand it, at its core, pdf is just a
             | stream of instructions that is continually modifying the
             | document. You can insert a thousand objects before you
             | start the next word in a paragraph. And this is just the
             | most basic stuff. Anything on a page can be anywhere in the
             | stream. I don't know if you can go back and edit previous
             | pages, you might have a shot at least trying to understand
             | one page at a time.
             | 
             | Did you know you can have embedded XML in PDFs? You can
             | have a paper form with all the data filled in and include
             | an XML version of that for any computer systems that would
             | like an easier way to read it.
        
             | TRiG_Ireland wrote:
             | The blog post about adding colour gradients to Typst dives
             | into some of the weirdness of the format.
             | https://typst.app/blog/2023/color-gradients
        
           | zauguin wrote:
           | This seems highly misleading.
           | 
           | > - Remove the data. This is much harder than it sounds. Many
           | PDF tools won't let you change the content of a PDF, not
           | because it isn't possible, but because you'll likely
           | massively screw up the formatting, and the tools don't want
           | to deal with that.
           | 
           | Compared to other formats this is actually relatively easy in
           | a PDF since the way the text drawing operators work they
           | don't influence the state for arbitrary other content. A lot
           | of positioning in a PDF is absolute (or relative to an
           | explicitly defined matrix which has hardcoded values).
           | Usually this makes editing a PDF harder (since when changing
           | text the related text does not adapt automatically), but when
           | removing data it makes it much easier since you can mostly
           | just delete it without affecting anything else. (There are
           | exceptions for text immediately after the removed data, but
           | that's limited and relatively easy to control.)
           | 
           | > - Replace the data. This what what all the "blackout" tools
           | do, find "A" and replace with "". This is effective and
           | doesn't break formatting since it's a 1-to-1 replacement.
           | 
           | That's actually rather tricky in PDFs since they usually
           | contain embedded subset fonts and these usually do not have
           | "" as part of the subset. Also doing this would break the
           | layout since "" has a different width than most letters in a
           | typical font, so it would not lead to less formatting issues
           | than the previous option. Unless the "" is stretched for each
           | letter to have the same dimensions, but then the stretched
           | characters allow to recover the text.
           | 
           | > The problem with "replacing" is that not every PDF tool
           | works the same way, and some, instead, just change the
           | foreground and background color to black; it looks nearly the
           | same, but the power of copy-and-paste still functions.
           | 
           | PDF does not have a concept of a background color. If it
           | looks like a background color in PDF, you have a rectangle
           | drawn in one color and something in the foreground color in
           | front of it. What you usually see in badly redacted PDF files
           | is exactly this, but in opposite color: Someone just draws a
           | black box on top of the characters. You could argue that this
           | is smarter since it would still work even if someone would
           | chnage colors, but of course, PDF is a vector format. If you
           | just add a rectangle, someone else can remove it again. (And
           | also copy & paste doesn't care about your rectangle)
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Then you have the computer illiterate, who think changing
           | the foreground and background color to black is good enough
           | anyway_
           | 
           | To be fair, this works if you print out those copies and then
           | re-scan them.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >- Remove the data. This is much harder than it sounds. Many
           | PDF tools won't let you change the content of a PDF, not
           | because it isn't possible, but because you'll likely
           | massively screw up the formatting, and the tools don't want
           | to deal with that.
           | 
           | >- Replace the data. This what what all the "blackout" tools
           | do, find "A" and replace with "". This is effective and
           | doesn't break formatting since it's a 1-to-1 replacement. The
           | problem with "replacing" is that not every PDF tool works the
           | same way, and some, instead, just change the foreground and
           | background color to black; it looks nearly the same, but the
           | power of copy-and-paste still functions.
           | 
           | You're making it sound way harder than it is, when both adobe
           | acrobat and the built-in preview app on mac can both
           | competently redact documents. I'm not aware of instances of
           | either (or any other purpose-made redaction tools) failing. I
           | wouldn't homebrew a python script to do my redaction either,
           | but that doesn't mean doing redactions properly in some
           | insurmountable task for some intern.
        
             | array_key_first wrote:
             | I would not trust either tool to adequately redact
             | documents, though I'm sure it works under normal levels of
             | scrutiny.
             | 
             | The most reliable way is to just screenshot the document or
             | print and scan it, effectively burning it down and
             | recreating it in a new format that has no concept of the
             | past. This works across basically all formats, too, and
             | against all tools.
        
           | sigwinch wrote:
           | qpdf has a redaction option. It's routinely used to anonymize
           | medical records for studies.
        
         | oliwarner wrote:
         | They drew black boxes _over_ the text. The text is still
         | underneath. On OCR 'd scanned documents, the text you'd copy is
         | actually stored in metadata and just linked by position to the
         | image.
         | 
         | Anyway, if you click on a "redaction", you're clicking on the
         | box and can't select the text underneath, but if you just
         | highlight the text around it, you can copy all the original
         | text.
         | 
         | It's a bizarre oversight.
        
         | 3eb7988a1663 wrote:
         | I remember reading the recommendation for journalists to redact
         | documents is to black them out in the digital version, print it
         | out, and re-scan it. Anything else has too many potential ways
         | by which it might be possible to smuggle data.
        
           | dmurray wrote:
           | Even that might leak to length attacks: one reasonable
           | plaintext would lead to black bars of 1135 px, another to
           | 1138 px, and with enough redactions you can converge on what
           | the plaintext might be.
           | 
           | The only safe way for journalists is to paraphrase what the
           | document said and to say "an unnamed source claims that ..."
           | and to guarantee with your reputation, and the reputation of
           | your publisher, that you are being faithful to what the
           | original source said. For even better results, combine
           | multiple sources.
           | 
           | Unfortunately paraphrasing things and taking editorial
           | responsibility have both been deprecated in favour of
           | rereleasing press releases in the house style, so it's
           | difficult to get the actual journalism these days.
        
             | eviks wrote:
             | You can use constant /variable length replacement to avoid
             | length leaks?
        
         | Gigachad wrote:
         | PDF is less like an image, and more like a web page where
         | elements can be stacked on top of each other. You can visually
         | obscure things by sticking a black rectangle over the top, but
         | anyone who inspects inside the pdf can remove it or see the
         | text in the source.
         | 
         | There would also be a mix of text documents, and image scans.
         | The way to censor each is different.
         | 
         | Perfectly censoring documents, particularly digital ones is
         | actually surprisingly difficult.
        
           | stronglikedan wrote:
           | > Perfectly censoring documents, particularly digital ones is
           | actually surprisingly difficult.
           | 
           | But the difficult part is easily repeatable once it's figured
           | out, which is why it surprises me that it's not built into
           | Acrobat as a tool already.
        
             | etskinner wrote:
             | In fact it is already built into Acrobat:
             | https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/desktop/protect-
             | documents/re...
        
       | xhkkffbf wrote:
       | So is the data extracted the names of the victims that were
       | supposed to be hidden to protect them? Or is there something else
       | that might be worthy of exposing?
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | There are pages that are nothing but redacted text. It isn't
         | going to be a victims name copy pasted 80 times in a row...
        
           | wafflemaker wrote:
           | >It isn't going to be a victims name copy pasted 80 times in
           | a row...
           | 
           | You can't possibly know that!
           | 
           | (Sorry, watching Grinch, Jim Carrey spoke through me).
        
         | kgwxd wrote:
         | i assume the downvoters don't see the importance of the
         | question.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | The downvoters assume that it is a bad faith question. The
           | downvoters are 99% right with that. If the 1% hit then OP is
           | just exceedingly naive and did not followed the scandal in
           | which case they should maybe first do some reading.
           | 
           | The names of involved powerful people were NOT supposed to be
           | censored. All those names except Bill Clinton name were
           | redacted. To protect Trump and everybody else involved in the
           | scandal except said Bill Clinton. But especially to protect
           | Trump.
        
             | mapontosevenths wrote:
             | They also obscured the male perpetrators faces and bodies
             | in many images, illegaly.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | I assume that de facto federal "law" now makes it illegal
               | to be raped, and those men are the victims. That would be
               | a logical conclusion of edgelord vice signalling, right?
        
               | mapontosevenths wrote:
               | I know what all of these words mean, but not when they're
               | in this order.
        
         | deepsquirrelnet wrote:
         | It seems the redactions are to protect the perpetrators.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I'm seeing, for example, "Hyperion Air, Inc" was redacted.
         | 
         | Victim?
        
       | buhfur wrote:
       | Doesn't work on any PDF's of scanned documents , for example the
       | contacts list.
        
         | jdiff wrote:
         | Copying and pasting doesn't work. Unless your PDF viewer does
         | OCR. And if the redaction is just a black rectangle overlaid on
         | top, that can still be removed.
        
       | cmarschner wrote:
       | Befuddling that this happened again. It's not the first time
       | 
       | - Paul Manafort court filing (U.S., 2019) Manafort's lawyers
       | filed a PDF where the "redacted" parts were basically black
       | highlighting/boxes over live text. Reporters could recover the
       | hidden text (e.g., via copy/paste).
       | 
       | - TSA "Standard Operating Procedures" manual (U.S., 2009) A
       | publicly posted TSA screening document used black rectangles that
       | did not remove the underlying text; the concealed content could
       | be extracted. This led to extensive discussion and an Inspector
       | General review.
       | 
       | - UK Ministry of Defence submarine security document (UK, 2011) A
       | MoD report had "redacted" sections that could be revealed by
       | copying/pasting the "blacked out" text--because the text was
       | still present, just visually obscured.
       | 
       | - Apple v. Samsung ruling (U.S., 2011) A federal judge's opinion
       | attempted to redact passages, but the content was still
       | recoverable due to the way the PDF was formatted; copying text
       | out revealed the "redacted" parts.
       | 
       | - Associated Press + Facebook valuation estimate in court
       | transcript (U.S., 2009) The AP reported it could read "redacted"
       | portions of a court transcript by cut-and-paste (classic overlay-
       | style failure). Secondary coverage notes the mechanism
       | explicitly.
       | 
       | A broader "history of failures" compilation (multiple orgs /
       | years) The PDF Association collected multiple incidents
       | (including several above) and describes the common failure mode:
       | black shapes drawn over text without deleting/sanitizing the
       | underlying content. https://pdfa.org/wp-
       | content/uploads/2020/06/High-Security-PD...
        
         | throwup238 wrote:
         | _> - Associated Press + Facebook valuation estimate in court
         | transcript (U.S., 2009) The AP reported it could read
         | "redacted" portions of a court transcript by cut-and-paste
         | (classic overlay-style failure). Secondary coverage notes the
         | mechanism explicitly._
         | 
         | What happens in a court case when this occurs? Does the
         | receiving party get to review and use the redacted information
         | (assuming it's not gagged by other means) or do they have to
         | immediately report the error and clean room it?
         | 
         | Edit: after reading up on this it looks like attorneys have
         | strict ethical standards to not use the information (for what
         | little that may be worth), but the Associated Press was a third
         | party who unredacted public court documents in a separate
         | Facebook case.
        
           | irishcoffee wrote:
           | My guess would be that if the benefitting legal party didn't
           | need to declare they also benefitted from this (because they
           | legally can't be caught, etc.) they wouldn't.
           | 
           | I know and am friends with a lot of lawyers. They're pretty
           | ruthless when it comes to this kind of thing.
           | 
           | Legally, I would think both parties get copies of everything.
           | I don't know if that was the case here.
        
           | jdadj wrote:
           | > What happens in a court case when this occurs? Does the
           | receiving party get to review and use the redacted
           | information (assuming it's not gagged by other means) or do
           | they have to immediately report the error and clean room it?
           | 
           | Typically, two copies of a redacted document are submitted
           | via ECF. One is an unredacted but sealed copy that is visible
           | to the judge and all parties to the case. The other is a
           | redacted copy that is visible to the general public.
           | 
           | So, to answer what I believe to be your question: the
           | opposing party in a case would typically have an unredacted
           | copy regardless of whether information is leaked to the
           | general public via improper redaction, so the issue you raise
           | is moot.
        
           | piker wrote:
           | > Edit: after reading up on this it looks like attorneys have
           | strict ethical standards to not use the information (for what
           | little that may be worth), but the Associated Press was a
           | third party who unredacted public court documents in a
           | separate Facebook case.
           | 
           | Curious. I am not a litigator but this is surprising if you
           | found support for it. My gut was that the general obligation
           | to be a zealous advocate for your client would _require_ a
           | litigant to use inadvertently disclosed information unless it
           | was somehow barred by the court. Confidentiality obligations
           | would remain owed to the client, and there might be some
           | tension there but it would be resolvable.
        
             | zerocrates wrote:
             | My recollection is that it varies quite a bit between
             | jurisdictions. The ABA's model rules require you to notify
             | the other party when they accidentally send you something
             | but leave unspecified what else, if anything, you might
             | have to do.
        
               | pdpi wrote:
               | A famous case where this came into play was one of the
               | Infowars defamation suits. Alex Jones's lawyer
               | accidentally sent the families' lawyer the full contents
               | of a phone backup. They notified Jones's lawyer, and gave
               | him some time to reply. After that time elapsed, the
               | whole dump was considered fair game.
               | 
               | This is the moment when that mistake was revealed in
               | court: https://youtu.be/pgxZSBfGXUM and this is the
               | hearing for the emergency motion to suppress that data:
               | https://youtu.be/dKbAmNwbiMk
        
             | piker wrote:
             | I'm unclear why this is downvoted given the below. While it
             | would theoretically be jurisdiction-specific, if the ABA
             | model rules don't provide some specific guidance, it's
             | clear that the lawyers would be ethically obligated to use
             | whatever info they obtained if it helped their client and
             | as otherwise consistent with their ethical obligations in
             | the jurisdictions that follow those. I'm admitted in New
             | York, and I don't recall any kind of bar on the usage of
             | this type of info there. Seems like in a lot of
             | jurisdictions they'd have a duty to notify, but that may
             | not even be the case in all.
        
           | throw101010 wrote:
           | > strict ethical standards to not use the information (for
           | what little that may be worth)
           | 
           | If it's worth so little to your eyes/comprehension you will
           | have no problem citing a huge count of cases where lawyers do
           | not respect their obligations towards the courts and their
           | clients...
           | 
           | That snide remark is used to discredit a profession in
           | passing, but the reason you won't find a lot of examples of
           | this happening is because the trust clients have to put in
           | lawyers and the legal system in general is what makes it
           | work, and betraying that trust is a literal professional
           | suicide (suspension, disbarment, reputational ruin, and often
           | civil liability) for any lawyer... that's why "strict"
           | doesn't mean anything "little" in this case.
        
             | lazyasciiart wrote:
             | Well, also the lawyer would have to really badly fuck up
             | for it to become public news that they had actually used
             | the information.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | > you will have no problem citing a huge count of cases
             | where lawyers do not respect their obligations towards the
             | courts and their clients...
             | 
             | There are almost 2000 disbarments annually in the US.
             | 
             | The california bar recieves 1 compliant for every 10 law
             | licenses in the state every year.
             | 
             | There's a wikipedia page on notable disbarments.
             | 
             | Legal malpractice suites are on the rise.
             | 
             | If you are going to assert that legal malpractice is not
             | legitimate concern, I think the burden of evidence is on
             | you.
        
               | dhosek wrote:
               | I'm not a lawyer, but I did watch every episode of Better
               | Call Saul and I'd point out that a lawyer who generates
               | one complaint likely generates multiple complaints so
               | that 1 complaint/10 law licenses number is misleading
               | about the scope of the issue. Similarly, 2000 disbarments
               | sounds high until you realize that there are roughly 1.3
               | million lawyers. What's more, when I was checking to see
               | what reasons for disbarment might be, I found an article
               | (https://law.usnews.com/law-firms/advice/articles/what-
               | does-i...) which cited a number much lower (less than
               | 500) and that pointed out that reasons other than
               | professional misconduct can lead to disbarment including
               | DUI and domestic violence. The following gives some
               | reasons for disbarment:
               | 
               | > ... disbarment is the presumptive form of discipline
               | for an attorney who steals clients' money, Best says.
               | 
               | > Disbarment is more likely when the attorney committed
               | fraud or serious dishonesty, particularly in front of a
               | tribunal or to a client. Similarly, priority may be given
               | to cases where an attorney is convicted of a crime of
               | moral turpitude, Levin says.
               | 
               | > Priorities also change in response to society's
               | changing values and when there's a belief that tightening
               | down on types of cases will help the profession as a
               | whole, Best says.
               | 
               | > For example, in Massachusetts, there has been an
               | increased focus on violations relating to the
               | administration of justice, such as when prosecutors
               | engage in racist behavior.
               | 
               | > And while, in the past, an attorney's drunk driving or
               | domestic violence would probably not have led to
               | sanctions (because they were seen as unrelated to the
               | attorney's legal work), they now might result in
               | discipline, Best says.
        
           | bamboozled wrote:
           | What a joke...
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | Here in NL if confidential information about offenders leaks
           | from court documents, it usually leads to a reduction in
           | sentencing because the leak of classified information is
           | weighed as part of the punishment. If the leak was proven to
           | be intentional, it might lead to a mistrial or even
           | acquittal. Leaking of victims' information usually only
           | results in a groveling public apology from the
           | Minister/Secretary of Justice du jour.
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | Given the context and the baldly political direction behind the
         | redactions, it's not at all unlikely that this is the result of
         | deliberate sabotage or malicious compliance. Bondi isn't
         | blacking these things out herself, she's ordering people to do
         | it who aren't true believers. Purges take time (and often
         | blood). She's stuck with the staff trained under previous
         | administrations.
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | Or it is just the result of firing people who were competent
           | and giving insufficient training to people who had never done
           | this before.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | "There are major differences between the Trump 1.0 and 2.0
         | administrations. In the Trump 1.0 administration, many of the
         | most important officials were very competent men. One example
         | would be then-Attorney General William Barr. Barr is
         | contemptible, yes, but smart AF. When Barr's DOJ released a
         | redacted version of the Mueller Report, they printed the whole
         | thing, made their redactions with actual ink, and then re-
         | scanned every page to generate a new PDF with absolutely no
         | digital trace of the original PDF file. There are ways to
         | properly redact a PDF digitally, but going analog is foolproof.
         | 
         | The Trump 2.0 administration, in contrast, is staffed top to
         | bottom with fools."
         | 
         | https://daringfireball.net/linked/2025/12/23/trump-doj-pdf-r...
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | It's like Russian spies being caught in the Netherlands with
           | taxi receipts showing they took a taxi from their Moscow HQ
           | to the airport: corrupt organizations attract/can only hire
           | incompetent people...
           | 
           | https://www.vice.com/en/article/russian-spies-chemical-
           | weapo...
           | 
           | Anyone remember how the Trump I regime had staff who couldn't
           | figure out the lighting in the White House, or mistitled
           | Australia's Prime Minister as President?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _with taxi receipts_
             | 
             | Please tell me they were saving them for expensing.
        
               | RuslanL wrote:
               | Yes.
        
               | varjag wrote:
               | Europol is nothing next to Natasha in accounting
        
             | SanjayMehta wrote:
             | Or the passports discovered intact after a particularly
             | heinous terrorist attack.
        
               | tor825gl wrote:
               | This wasn't a fuck-up though was it?
               | 
               | Knowing they would die in the attack, the terrorists just
               | didn't care if their identities were known.
        
             | enaaem wrote:
             | Reminds of the time Russian security services showed copies
             | of the Sims as evidence of an Ukranian Nazi plot.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Yes I remember that incident. It was big over here.
             | 
             | However I'm 100% sure that that was not a real spy
             | incident. But rather just a 'message' to be sent from the
             | Russian govt. The same way they have infiltrated our
             | airspace with TU-95 bombers nearly every month for decades.
             | Just a message "Hey we are still watching you".
             | 
             | When you see how ridiculously incompetent they were, not
             | just their phone history but also the gear they had with
             | them. It amounts to nothing more than a scriptkiddy's
             | pineapple. There's no way they would have been able to do
             | any serious infiltration into any kind of even remotely
             | competent organisation.
             | 
             | Also the visible fumbling about in a carpark with overly
             | complex antennas instead of something more hidden (e.g. an
             | apartment across the street, a cabling tent or something).
             | IMO the objective here was to get caught and stir a fuss.
        
           | tdeck wrote:
           | The bigger difference from my perspective is that they have
           | competent people doing the strategy this time. The last Trump
           | administration failed to use the obvious levers available to
           | accomplish fascism, while this one has been wildly successful
           | on that end. In a few years they will have realigned the
           | whole power dynamic in the country, and unfortunately more
           | and more competent people will choose to work for them in
           | order to receive the benefits of doing so.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _they have competent people doing the strategy this time_
             | 
             | They had a great playbook in Project 2025. I'm not
             | convinced Trump ever had the smartest people executing it.
        
               | tdeck wrote:
               | You don't need to be the smartest person when you're
               | pointing a big gun at someone.
        
             | Tostino wrote:
             | His last administration was filled with traditional
             | Republicans.
             | 
             | I may have disagreed with them on virtually every policy
             | point, but they seemed to disagree with the most harmful
             | Trump policies as well.
             | 
             | We would have never agreed on the right policy, but we
             | definitely agreed that his policy was not the right one.
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | > but they seemed to disagree with the most harmful Trump
               | policies as well.
               | 
               | I imagine Republicans such as this still populate a
               | majority of the house and Senate. If they disagree, they
               | are sure making an effort to do so silently.
        
               | SirHumphrey wrote:
               | The amount of things Trump did circumventing
               | Congressional approval might suggest that he does not a
               | clean pass even though Republicans have majority in both
               | the house and the senate.
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | They have (had?) the power to impeach the president for a
               | _lot_ less than he 's already done. Yet they don't.
        
             | ProjectArcturis wrote:
             | >In a few years they will have realigned the whole power
             | dynamic in the country
             | 
             | I disagree. It felt that way for the first few months, but
             | the wheels are coming off. Trump is too old and unpopular
             | to steal a 3rd term. Therefore everyone around him has to
             | worry about what will happen in 3 years, and plan for post-
             | Trump rather than forever-Trump.
        
           | stevage wrote:
           | I would just do the digital version of that: add 100% black
           | bars then screenshot page by page and probably increase the
           | contrast too.
        
           | eviks wrote:
           | > but smart AF. When Barr's DOJ released a redacted version
           | of the Mueller Report, they printed the whole thing, made
           | their redactions with actual ink, and then re-scanned every
           | page to generate a new PDF with absolutely no digital trace
           | of the original PDF file.
           | 
           | This is a dumb way of doing that, exactly what "stupid"
           | people do when their are somewhat aware of the limits of
           | their competence or only as smart as the tech they grew up
           | with. Also, this type of redaction eliminates the possibility
           | to change text length, which is a very common leak when
           | especially for various names/official positions. And it
           | doesn't eliminate the risk of non-redaction since you can't
           | simply search&replace with machine precision, but have to do
           | the manual conversion step to printed position
        
             | plantain wrote:
             | >exactly what "stupid" people do when their are somewhat
             | aware of the limits of their competence
             | 
             | Being aware of one's limitations is the strongest hallmark
             | of intelligence I've come across...
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | So following that strange logic if a dumb person knows
               | he's dumb, he's suddenly become intelligent? Or is that
               | impossible by your peculiar definition of intelligence?
        
               | awesome_dude wrote:
               | Knowing your limits has to be a sign of intelligence.
               | 
               | "Dumb" people (FTR the description actually refers to
               | something rather than that which you think it does...)
               | run around on the internet getting mad because they
               | haven't thought things through...
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | It's an interesting question though. I know quite some
               | "smart" people who lack self awareness to an almost fatal
               | degree yet can outdo the vast majority of the population
               | at solving logic puzzles. It tends to be a rather
               | frustrating condition to deal with.
        
               | HKH2 wrote:
               | Yeah that sounds like wisdom, not intelligence.
        
               | awesome_dude wrote:
               | Wisdom would be knowing not to try and exceed those
               | limits
               | 
               | Intelligence would be knowing they exist (I know that I
               | cannot fly by flapping my arms, it took intelligence to
               | deduce that, wisdom tells me not to try and jump from a
               | height and flap my arms to fly. Further intelligence can
               | be applied, deducing that there are artificial means by
               | which I can attain flight)
        
               | mapontosevenths wrote:
               | I'm not so sure it's about knowing his own limitations,
               | rather it's about building a reliable process and
               | trusting that process more than either technology or
               | people.
               | 
               | Any process that relies on 100% accuracy from either
               | people or technology will eventually fail. It's just a
               | basic matter of statistics. However, there are processes
               | that CAN, at least in theory, be 100% effective.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _this type of redaction eliminates the possibility to
             | change text length_
             | 
             | This is the only weakness of Barr's method.
             | 
             | > _it doesn 't eliminate the risk of non-redaction since
             | you can't simply search&replace with machine precision_
             | 
             | Anyong relying on automated tools to redact is doing so
             | performatively. At the end of the day, you need people who
             | understand the context to sit down and read through the
             | documents and strike out anything that reveals-directly or
             | indirectly, spelled correctly or incorrectly-too much.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > This is the only weakness of Barr's method.
               | 
               | Of course it isn't, the other weakness you just dismiss
               | is the higher risk of failed searches. People already
               | fail with digital, it's even harder to do in print or
               | translate digital to print (something a machine can do
               | with 100% precision, now you've introduced a human error)
               | 
               | > At the end of the day, you need people who understand
               | the context
               | 
               | Before the end of the day there is also the whole day,
               | and if you have to waste the attention of such people on
               | doing ink redactions instead of dedicating all of their
               | time to focused reading, you're just adding mistakes for
               | no benefit
        
               | herewulf wrote:
               | Reading through material in context and actively removing
               | the telling bits seems very focused to me.
               | 
               | Furthermore, reading through long winded, dry legalese
               | (or the like) and then occasionally marking it up seems
               | like an excellent way to give the brain short breaks to
               | continue on rather than to let the mind wander in a sea
               | of text.
               | 
               | I am for automating all the things but I can see pros and
               | cons for both digital and manual approaches.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | The reading is focused, but that focus is wasted on
               | menial work, which makes it easier to miss something more
               | important
               | 
               | > give the brain short breaks
               | 
               | Set a timer if you feel that's of any use? Why does the
               | break have to depend on the random frequency of terms to
               | be redacted? What if there is nothing to redact for
               | pages, why let the mind wander?
               | 
               | > I am for automating
               | 
               | But you're arguing against it. What's the pro of manually
               | replacing all 1746 occurrences of "Trump" instead of
               | spending 0.01% of that time with a digital search &
               | replace and then spending the other 1% digitally
               | searching for variants with typos and then spending the
               | last 99% in focused reading trying to find that you've
               | missed "the owner of Mar-a-Lago Club" reference or
               | something more complicated (and then also replace that
               | variant digitally rather than hoping you'd notice it
               | every single time you wade through walls of legalese!)
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _What 's the pro of manually replacing all 1746
               | occurrences of "Trump" instead of spending 0.01% of that
               | time with a digital search & replace and then spending
               | the other 1% digitally searching for variants with typos_
               | 
               | Because none of this involves a focussed reading. It's
               | the same reason why Level 3 can be less safe than Level
               | 4. If you're skimming, you're less engaged than if you're
               | reading in detail. (And if you're skipping around, you're
               | missing context. You may catch Trump and Trup, but will
               | you catch POTUD? Alternatively, if you just redact every
               | mention of the President, you may wind up creating a
               | President ***, thereby confirming what you were trying to
               | redact.)
               | 
               | If it doesn't matter, automate it. If you care, have a
               | team do a proper redaction.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _something a machine can do with 100% precision_
               | 
               | Forget about typoes. Until recent LLMs, machines couldn't
               | detect oblique or identifying references. (And with LLMs,
               | you still have the problem of hallucinations. To say
               | nothing of where you're running the model.)
               | 
               | > _if you have to waste the attention of such people on
               | doing ink redactions instead of dedicating all of their
               | time to focused reading_
               | 
               | You've never read a text with a highlighter or pen?
               | 
               | Out of curiosity, have you worked with sensitive
               | information that needed to be shared across security
               | barriers?
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | Not at all. It's a procedure that's very difficult to
             | unintentionally screw up. Sometimes that's what you want.
             | 
             | > you can't simply search&replace with machine precision
             | 
             | Sure you can. Search and somehow mark the text (underline
             | or similar) to make keywords hard to miss. Then proceed
             | with the manual _print, expunge, scan_ process.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | You process doesn't make sense, why wouldn't you just
               | black box redact right away and print and scan? What does
               | underline then ink give you? But it's also not the
               | process described in the blog
               | 
               | > that's very difficult to unintentionally screw up.
               | 
               | You've already screwed up by leaking length and risking
               | errors in manual search&replace
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _why wouldn 't you just black box redact right away and
               | print and scan? What does underline then ink give you?_
               | 
               | These are roughly equivalent. The point is having a hard
               | copy in between the digital ones.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | Why would I settle for a rough equivalence? The point was
               | about the chance of making mistakes in redaction, so
               | sure, if you ignore the difference in the chance of
               | making mistakes (which the underline process increases),
               | everything becomes equivalent!
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Why would I settle for a rough equivalence?_
               | 
               | They're equivalent in security. The digital method is
               | more convenient (albeit more error prone). What confers
               | the security is the print-scan step. Whether one is
               | redacting in between or before doesn't change much.
               | 
               | You'd still want to do a _tabula rasa_ and manual post-
               | pass with both methods.
               | 
               | > _point was about the chance of making mistakes in
               | redaction_
               | 
               | Best practice is humans redacting in multiple passes for
               | good reason. It's less error prone than relying on a
               | "smart" redactor, which is mostly corporate CYA kit.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > They're equivalent in security
               | 
               | They aren't, security is defined as the amount of
               | information you leak. If you have an inferior process
               | where you're substituting the correct digital match with
               | an in incorrect manual match, you're reducing security
               | 
               | > albeit more error prone
               | 
               | The opposite, you can't find all 925 cases of the word
               | Xyz as efficiently on paper without the ease of a digital
               | text search, my guess is you just have made up a
               | different comparison (e.g., a human spending 100hrs
               | reading paper vs some "smart" app doing 1 min of
               | redactions) vs. the actual process quoted and criticized
               | in my original comment
               | 
               | > Whether one is redacting in between or before doesn't
               | change much
               | 
               | It does, the chance to make a mistake differs in these
               | cases! Printing & scanning can't help you here, it's a
               | totally set of mistakes
               | 
               | > Best practice
               | 
               | But this conversation is about a specific blogged-about
               | reality, not your best practice theory!
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | Absolutely. The other comments replying to your original
               | comment that are nitpicking over implementation details
               | miss the purpose and importance of this step.
               | 
               | The fact that this release process is missing this key
               | step is significant too imho. It makes it really clear
               | that the people running this didn't understand all of the
               | dimensions involved in releasing a redacted document like
               | this and/or that they weren't able to get expert opinions
               | on how to do this the right way, which just seems
               | fantastical to me given who we're talking about.
               | 
               | In other threads people are discussing the possibility of
               | this being intentional, by disaffected subordinates,
               | poorly vetted and rushed in to work on this against their
               | will. And that's certainly plausible in subordinates but
               | I have a hard time believing that it's the case for the
               | people running this who, if they understood what they
               | were tasked with would have prevented an entire category
               | of errors by simply tasking subordinates to do what you
               | described regardless of how they felt about the task.
               | 
               | So to me that leaves the only possibility that the people
               | running this particular operation are incompetent, and
               | given the importance of redacting that is dismaying.
               | 
               | Regardless of how you feel about the action of redacting
               | these documents, the extent to which it's done and the
               | motives behind doing it, the idea that the people in
               | charge of this aren't competent to do it is not good at
               | all.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | This is one of the biggest document collections ever
               | released to the public (...or will be when it's finally
               | done) and the redactions were done in a hurry by a
               | government agency with limited resources which would
               | usually be doing more useful things.
               | 
               | So it's likely there simply isn't the time to do extended
               | multi-step redactions.
               | 
               | What's happening is a mix of malicious compliance,
               | incompetence, and time pressure.
               | 
               | It's very on-brand for it to be confused, chaotic, and
               | self-harming.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | The blog has no relevance to your claim that the print
               | and scan procedure somehow fundamentally precludes
               | automated search and replace. I refuted that. You remain
               | free to perform automated search and replace prior to
               | printing the document. You also have the flexibility to
               | perform manual redactions both digitally as well as
               | physically with ink.
               | 
               | It's clearly a superior process that provides ease of
               | use, ease of understanding, and is exceedingly difficult
               | to screw up. Barr's DoJ should be commended for having
               | selected a procedure that minimizes the risk of systemic
               | failure when carried out by a collection of people with
               | such diverse technical backgrounds and competence levels.
               | 
               | Notably, had the same procedure been followed for the
               | Epstein files then the headline we are currently
               | commenting under presumably wouldn't exist.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > The blog has no relevance to your claim that the print
               | and scan procedure somehow fundamentally precludes
               | automated search and replace.
               | 
               | It has direct relevance since it describes the process as
               | lacking the automated search and replace
               | 
               | > I refuted that
               | 
               | You didn't, you created a meaningless process of
               | underlinig text digitally to waste time redacting it on
               | paper for no reason but add more mistakes, and also
               | replaced the quoted reality with your made up situation
               | to "refute".
               | 
               | > and is exceedingly difficult to screw up.
               | 
               | It's trivial, and I've told you how in the previous
               | comment
               | 
               | > Notably, had the same procedure been followed for the
               | Epstein files then the headline we are currently
               | commenting under presumably wouldn't exist.
               | 
               | Nope, this is generic "hack" headline, so guessing a
               | redacted name by comparing the length of plaintext to
               | unmask would fit the headline just as well as a
               | copy&paste hack
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | It gets you the non-existance of a PDF full of reversible
               | black boxes.
               | 
               | Can't leak a file that doesn't exist.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | But you can leak the content of a file that you printed
               | out and couldn't redact properly by using an inferior
               | method
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | But such a document is _obviously_ unredacted. A black
               | boxed PDF appears to be redacted, but isn 't. Accidents
               | happen.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | Now that you've shifted the goalposts back closer to the
               | original discussion, what's your point? Yes, you can leak
               | the "nonexisting" file in multiple ways, including the
               | printed one, and yes, "accidents" happen. So are they
               | more likely to happen if you ban digital search and force
               | paper and ink redaction instead? Are they more likely to
               | happen if you black out digitally before printing or
               | underline digitally and ink out physically?
               | 
               | And the "obvious word needle in a haystack of many
               | thousands of pages" isn't as self-healing as you appear
               | to think it is.
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >Sure you can. Search and somehow mark the text
               | (underline or similar) to make keywords hard to miss.
               | Then proceed with the manual print, expunge, scan
               | process.
               | 
               | I suppose a global search/replace to mark text for
               | redaction as an _initial_ step might not be a bad idea,
               | but if one needs to _make sure_ it 's correct, that's not
               | enough.
               | 
               | Don't bother with soft copy at all. Print a copy and have
               | multiple individuals manually make redactions to the same
               | copy with different color inks.
               | 
               | Once that initial phase is complete, partner up persons
               | who _didn 't_ do the initial redactions review the paper
               | text with the extant redactions and go through the
               | documents _together_ (each with their own copy of the
               | same redactions), verbally and in ink noting redactions
               | as well as text that _should_ be redacted but isn 't.
               | 
               | That process could then be repeated with _different_
               | people to ensure nothing was missed.
               | 
               | We used to call this "proofreading" in the context of
               | reports and other documents provided as work product to
               | clients. It looks really bad when the product for which
               | you're charging five to six figures isn't correct.
               | 
               | The use case was different, but the efficacy of such a
               | process is perfect for something like redactions as well.
               | 
               | And yes, we had word processing and layout software which
               | included search and replace. But if correctness is
               | _required_ , that's not good enough -- a word could be
               | misspelled and missed by the search/replace, and/or a
               | half dozen other ways an automated process could go wrong
               | and either miss a redaction or redact something that
               | shouldn't be.
               | 
               | As for the time and attention required, I suppose that
               | depends upon how important it is to get right.
               | 
               | Is such a process _necessary_ for all documents? No.
               | 
               | That said, if correctness is a priority, four (or more)
               | text processing engines (human brains, in this case) with
               | a set of engines working in tandem and other sets of
               | engines working serially and independently to
               | verify/correct any errors or omissions is an excellent
               | process for ensuring the correctness of text.
               | 
               | I'd point out that the above process is one that's proven
               | reliable over decades, even centuries -- and doesn't
               | require exact strings or regular expressions.
               | 
               | Edit: Fixed prose ("other documents be provided" -->
               | "other documents provided").
        
               | ithkuil wrote:
               | If the word you need to redact is also an English verb
               | there is a risk that you accidentally mark the name of
               | person in a context where that redacted word has a clear
               | meaning in that context and can be used as a proof that
               | such a term has been accidentally redacted because a
               | large scale search&mark has taken place.
               | 
               | According to a random dictionary I found:
               | 
               | To trump. Verb. Surpass (something) by saying or doing
               | something better.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > this type of redaction eliminates the possibility to
             | change text length, which is a very common leak when
             | especially for various names/official positions
             | 
             | Increasing the size of the redaction box to include enough
             | of the surrounding text to make that very difficult.
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | You'd need to increase it a lot, lest the surrounding
               | text be inferred from context.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | But that's a destructive operation!
               | 
               | I mean, sure, you can make the whole paragraph/page
               | blank, but presumably the goal is to share the report
               | removing only the necessary minimum?
        
             | lelanthran wrote:
             | > This is a dumb way of doing that, exactly what "stupid"
             | people do when their are somewhat aware of the limits of
             | their competence or only as smart as the tech they grew up
             | with.
             | 
             | No, this is an example of someone understanding the limits
             | of the people they delegate to, and putting in a process so
             | that delegation to even a very dumb person _still_ has
             | successful outcomes.
             | 
             | "Smart" people like to believe that knowing enough minutiae
             | is enough to result in a successful outcome.
             | 
             |  _Actual_ smart people know that the process is more
             | important than the minutiae, and proceed accordingly.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > someone understanding the limits of the people they
               | delegate to, and putting in a process so that delegation
               | to even a very dumb person still has successful
               | 
               | Oh, man, is he the only smart person in the whole
               | department of >100k employees and an >x contractors???
               | What other fantasy do you need to believe in to excuse
               | the flaws? Also, if he's so smart why didn't he, you
               | know, hire someone smart for the job?
               | 
               | > even a very dumb person still has successful
               | 
               | Except it's _easier_ to make mistakes following his
               | process for both smart and dumb people, not be
               | successful!
               | 
               | > Actual smart people know that the process is more
               | important
               | 
               | So he's not actually smart according to your own
               | definition because the process he has set up was bad, so
               | he apparently did not know it was important to set it up
               | better?
               | 
               | > important than the minutiae
               | 
               | Demanding only paper redactions is that minutiae.
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | > William Barr. Barr is contemptible, yes, but smart AF
           | 
           | You mean the guy who covered up for Epstein's 'suicide' and
           | expected us morons to believe it?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _You mean the guy who covered up for Epstein 's 'suicide'
             | and expected us morons to believe it?_
             | 
             | Let's assume that's true. How does it clash with him being
             | "contemptible...but smart AF"?
        
               | h33t-l4x0r wrote:
               | Yeah I mean, orchestrating an assassination in a federal
               | prison of a guy the whole world is watching, and never
               | even so much as a whiff of a leak? Because how do you
               | contain that without whacking everyone involved (which we
               | would know about)? You don't. Not without teleportation,
               | time-travel, or at the very least post-hypnotic
               | suggestion.
               | 
               | Oh he's smart AF, all right.
        
           | groestl wrote:
           | > made their redactions with actual ink, and then re-scanned
           | every page
           | 
           | That's not very competent.
           | 
           | > going analog is foolproof
           | 
           | Absolutely not. There are many way's to f this up. Just the
           | smallest variation in places that have been inked twice will
           | reveal the clear text.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Just the smallest variation in places that have been
             | inked twice will reveal the clear text_
             | 
             | Sure. But anyone can visually examine this. That means
             | everyone with situational context can directly examine the
             | quality of the redaction.
             | 
             | Contrast that with a digital redation. You have to trust
             | the tool works. Or you have to separate the folks with
             | context from the folks with techical competence. (There is
             | the third option of training everyone in the DoJ how to
             | examine the inner workings of a PDF. That seems wasteful.)
        
               | groestl wrote:
               | > anyone can visually examine this.
               | 
               | They can't, if the variations are subtle enough. For
               | example, many people are oblivious to the fact that one
               | can extract audio from objects captured on mute video,
               | due to tiny vibrations.
               | 
               | Analog is the worse option here. Simple screenshot of
               | 100% black bar would be what a smart lazy person would
               | do.
        
               | _flux wrote:
               | > But anyone can visually examine this.
               | 
               | Can they? In principle it could be the difference between
               | RGB 0.0,0.0,0.0 and RGB 0.004,0.0,0.0, that could be very
               | difficult to visually see, but an algorithm could unmask
               | the data with some correlation.
               | 
               | If you do it digitally and then map the material to
               | black-and-white bitmap, then that you can actually
               | virtually examine.
               | 
               | > Contrast that with a digital redation. You have to
               | trust the tool works.
               | 
               | While true, I think the key problem is that the tools
               | used were not made for digital redaction. If they were I
               | would be quite a bit more confident that they would also
               | work properly.
               | 
               | Seems like there could be a product for this domain.. And
               | after some googling, it appears there is.
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | > While true, I think the key problem is that the tools
               | used were not made for digital redaction. If they were I
               | would be quite a bit more confident that they would also
               | work properly.
               | 
               | Adobe Acrobat's redaction tools regularly feature in this
               | sort of fuck-up, and they are (at least marketed as
               | being) designed for such use
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | It's probably fine, but certainly better than what's
               | being discussed ITT.
               | 
               | The larger point is that the "usual" redaction involves a
               | tape pen or paint-style ink (dries opaque), IIRC, then
               | photocopy, because the blocked out area is opaque.
               | Scanner is probably no different than photocopy for these
               | purposes.
        
               | _trampeltier wrote:
               | Just scan it with black/ white setting.
        
             | bryanrasmussen wrote:
             | I suppose the best process would be this, and then after
             | rescanning putting a black bar over each redacted text with
             | image editing.
        
               | 2b3a51 wrote:
               | Perhaps an imagemagick pipeline dumping each page out as
               | a png then blanking areas associated with a list of words
               | (a pixel level concordance of the coordinates of all the
               | words having been compiled from a text dump? Hand-waving
               | here).
               | 
               | I'm probably overthinking this one but the various
               | _lengths_ of the redaction bars would provide some
               | information perhaps? So three conspirators with names
               | like Stonk, Hephalump and Pragma-Sasquatch would be sort
               | of easy to distinguish between if the public had a
               | limited list of people who might be involved?
        
               | groestl wrote:
               | > I'm probably overthinking this one but the various
               | lengths of the redaction bars would provide some
               | information perhaps?
               | 
               | You're definitely not overthinking this. Fitting words by
               | length is the attack vector if the blanking itself has
               | been done correctly.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the various lengths of the redaction bars would
               | provide some information perhaps?_
               | 
               | Absolutely. It's why officially-redacted documents
               | typically take out entire sentences and paragraphs,
               | wiping just names only sparingly.
        
               | hxtk wrote:
               | Or if the document is just text, simply scan it in black
               | and white (as in, binary, not grayscale).
        
             | g947o wrote:
             | Case study:
             | https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/28/23777298/sony-ftc-
             | microso...
        
           | g947o wrote:
           | It's not fool proof:
           | 
           | https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/28/23777298/sony-ftc-
           | microso...
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | Nothing is. The point is it's highly precedented,
             | surprisingly robust and far more competent than half the
             | armchair suggestions being raised in this thread.
        
         | ricksunny wrote:
         | The covid origins Slack messages discovery material (Anderson &
         | Holmes) were famously poorly redacted pdfs, allowing their
         | unredacting by Gilles Demaneuf, benefiting all of us.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | I want to believe this is malicious compliance.
        
           | cmarschner wrote:
           | Since hundreds of people were involved the most likely
           | explanation is incompetence
        
             | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
             | Having lots of people involved means that it's more likely
             | to be malicious compliance or deniable sabotage. It only
             | needs one person who disagrees with the redactions to start
             | doing things that they know will allow info to leak.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Doesn't having lots of people involved _also_ raise the
               | chance of incompetence?
               | 
               | You're more likely to get at least one inept agent in a
               | random sample of 1000 than a sample of 10.
        
               | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
               | Yep - I think they're both likely.
        
             | thdrtol wrote:
             | Once I worked for a company that got a quote in the form of
             | a Word document. Turned out it had history turned on and
             | quotes to competitors could be recovered.
             | 
             | There is a lot of incompitence when it comes to file
             | formats.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | For one of my first jobs I negotiated a better offer
               | because "strings" on the document revealed the previous
               | offer they'd sent out, and made me confident I could ask
               | for more.
               | 
               | Though, makes me wonder if someone has intentionally sent
               | out offers like that with lower numbers to make people
               | think they're outsmarting them.
        
               | slumberlust wrote:
               | Never match wits with a stringscillian!
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | Similarly, I've been sent PDF proposal letters by my
               | customers with redacted pricing from my competitors so I
               | can compare the scope against mine. A simple unflatten
               | reveals the price along with the scope.
        
               | sallveburrpi wrote:
               | To be fair handling Word documents is much more complex
               | than redacting a PDF properly.
        
               | SvenL wrote:
               | You don't even need a digital format for this. When I was
               | a consultant I waited in a room with a flip chart for a
               | negotiation. I flipped through the "old slides" of the
               | flip chart and found one where they did budget planning
               | for the project. This was very good background info for
               | the negotiations.
        
             | locknitpicker wrote:
             | > Since hundreds of people were involved the most likely
             | explanation is incompetence
             | 
             | Hundreds of people might be involved, but the only key
             | factor required for a single point of failure to propagate
             | to the deliverable is lack of verification.
             | 
             | And God knows how the Trump administration is packed with
             | inexperiente incompetents assigned to positions where they
             | are way way over their head, and routinely commit the most
             | basic mistakes.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | I'm sure not all those hundreds have been involved with
             | every document.
             | 
             | I'm kinda surprised (and disappointed) nobody has done a
             | Snowden on it though.
        
             | bena wrote:
             | I think it's more that the analogy is broken.
             | 
             | If I have a sheet of paper and I color a section black.
             | That's it. It's black. No going back.
             | 
             | So I can see people thinking the same for PDFs. I drew the
             | black box. It's black. Done. They don't realize they aren't
             | dealing with a 2D sheet of paper, but with effectively a 3D
             | stack of papers. That they didn't draw a black box on the
             | page, they drew a black box _above_ the page over the area
             | they wanted to obscure.
             | 
             | The fact that this happens _a lot_ is an indication that
             | the _software_ is wrong in this case. It doesn 't conform
             | to user expectations.
        
           | baby wrote:
           | Lots of loyalists have replaced people there. It's for sure
           | incompetence.
        
             | jimbo808 wrote:
             | There are hundreds of thousands of documents being reviewed
             | by probably a thousand or more FBI agents. There is zero
             | chance they are all loyalists.
        
               | baby wrote:
               | The pool of competence was still diluted
        
             | tremon wrote:
             | Indeed, incompetence is basically guaranteed if the
             | organization selects for allegiance rather than competence.
             | But I prefer to think that at least part of this was
             | malicious compliance, because that suggests that at least
             | some people at the FBI still have their soul.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | I would imagine it would be possible to track down who
               | was responsible for redacting X set of documents, so this
               | seems rather risky?
        
           | legulere wrote:
           | Never attribute to malice that which is adequately explained
           | by stupidity
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor
        
             | tremon wrote:
             | The other side of that same coin is to never admit to
             | malice if your actions can be adequately excused by
             | stupidity.
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | And here we are again rediscovering Hanlon's Razor.
        
             | xzjis wrote:
             | It wouldn't be malicious though. Well, it's malicious
             | towards the Trump administration, but not towards the
             | people. Quite the opposite.
        
               | seg_lol wrote:
               | The maliciousness is always towards the compliance.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | In 2025, never attribute to incompetence what you could to a
           | conspiracy. [sarcasm]
           | 
           | They fired/drove away/reassigned most of those who are
           | competent in the executive branch generally, it is pretty
           | easy to believe that none of those managing the document
           | release and few of those working on it are actually
           | experienced or skilled in how you do omissions in a document
           | release correctly. Those people are gone.
        
         | agilob wrote:
         | Follow the letter of the law, but not the spirit.
        
           | Scarblac wrote:
           | It already seems that they blacked out more than the law
           | allowed, so following neither.
           | 
           | Not that it matters much what the law says if the goal is to
           | protect the man who hands out pardons...
        
         | __alexs wrote:
         | This has happened so many times I feel like the DoJ must have
         | some sort of standardised redaction pipeline to prevent it by
         | now. Assuming they do, why wasn't it used?
        
           | srean wrote:
           | I am happy with their lack of expertise and hope it stays
           | that way, because I cannot remember a single case where
           | redactions put the citizenry at a better place for it.
           | 
           | Of course if it's in the middle of an investigation it can
           | spoil the investigation, allow criminals to cover their
           | tracks, allow escape.
           | 
           | In such case the document should be vetted by competent and
           | honest officials to judge whether it is timely to release it,
           | or whether suppressing it just ensures that investigation is
           | never concluded, extending a forever renewed cover to the
           | criminals.
        
           | themafia wrote:
           | Secure systems are not exactly the right environment for
           | quick release and handling. So documents invariably get onto
           | regular desktops with off the shelf software used by
           | untrained personnel.
        
           | drcongo wrote:
           | DOGE
        
           | 2026iknewit wrote:
           | Of course there is a process.
           | 
           | There was also a process on how to communicate top secret
           | information, but these idiots prefered to use signal.
           | 
           | I'm completly lost on how you can be surprised by this at
           | all? Trump is in there, tells some FBI faboon to black
           | everything out, they collect a group of people they can find
           | and start going through these files as fast as they can.
           | 
           | "When a clown moves into a palace, he doesn't become a king;
           | the palace instead becomes a circus."
        
             | scubbo wrote:
             | > some FBI faboon
             | 
             | I'm not familiar with the term, and Urban Dictionary only
             | has "fake babboon" which I suspect is not the intent here -
             | what does it mean?
        
           | harywilke wrote:
           | there are FOIA lawsuits seeking the redaction training
           | videos, one by https://bsky.app/profile/muellershewrote.com
           | so maybe one day we will know more.
        
           | kayodelycaon wrote:
           | They probably fired that department.
        
         | insertchatbot wrote:
         | Not to mention when the White House published Obama's birth
         | certificate as a PDF. I remember being able to open it and turn
         | the different layers off and on.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Are you trying to suggest that indicated it was fraudulent?
           | That has very much been debunked -- it's just an artifact of
           | OCR and compression, something that many scanners do
           | automatically [1].
           | 
           | You can still open it with Illustrator if you want to see: ht
           | tps://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/rss...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/birth-certificate/
        
             | phendrenad2 wrote:
             | Yeah, the idea that proves it's fraudulent has been
             | debunked, but the alternative hasn't been proven, either.
             | Nobody has named the specific OCR software that does this
             | destructive replacement. It's a case of "well, there's an
             | alterastive theory, and that's good enough" debunking.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Not sure what you mean by destructive replacement, since
               | nothing is destroyed.
               | 
               | So I just looked into this, and it's specifically Mixed
               | Raster Content pipeline (ISO/IEC 16485) used in lots of
               | different scanners. There's no need to find which
               | specific software generated it because it's used by lots
               | of them.
               | 
               | It's a technique used to attempt to isolate font
               | characters of the same size and style as separate layers
               | _before_ OCR-ing to make OCR more accurate.
               | 
               | ABBYY FineReader, for example, is mentioned as producing
               | the exact same type of results. But there's no guarantee
               | that was the actual software because lots of scanning
               | software does it -- it's a general technique. Plus it
               | won't even be deterministically reproducible if it was
               | e.g. scanned and OCR'd at higher resolution and then
               | saved at a lower resolution, as is generally considered
               | best practice for maximizing accuracy while keeping file
               | sizes lower.
               | 
               | https://www.obamaconspiracy.org/2013/01/heres-the-birth-
               | cert...
               | 
               | So this is very much a nothingburger. It's not an
               | "alternative theory", it's a complete and total
               | explanation.
        
               | phendrenad2 wrote:
               | So this program really doesn't keep the original image of
               | the document as a raster layer? That's kind of
               | surprising, especially if it's used in the legal world.
               | Personally, I'd always want to be able to recover the
               | original document from the OCR layers. Or, are you saying
               | you can? Then you should tell snopes, because it'll make
               | the snopes article a lot shorter if they can just lead
               | with that.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | I think you are misunderstanding. The pipeline is e.g.:
               | 
               | Scan (600 dpi) > MRC (600 dpi) > OCR (600 dpi) >
               | Downsample (150 dpi) > Save to PDF (150 dpi)
               | 
               | The image is saved in raster format at 150 dpi. That's
               | the document, but not at the original scanning
               | _resolution_. If you performed MRC and OCR at the 150 dpi
               | level, you 'd get different/worse results than were
               | originally gotten at 600 dpi. Which is why you always OCR
               | before downsampling, and you downsample for smaller
               | files.
               | 
               | This isn't changing anything about the Snopes article. It
               | just explains why if you run MRC/OCR at the PDF
               | resolution, you won't deterministically reproduce it
               | because it's not the resolution it was originally run at.
               | 
               | You do understand that this OCR is only for being able to
               | search and highlight text? It's not changing what's
               | displayed. That's still the pixels.
        
             | stocksinsmocks wrote:
             | Yes, signed by "U.K.L. Lee" himself. Did you actually look
             | at it? These FBI goombas aren't even trying.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | If you're going to promote conspiracy theories here, you
               | should at least explain them. The rest of us can't really
               | be bothered to look them up.
        
         | g947o wrote:
         | FTC vs Microsoft:
         | https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/28/23777298/sony-ftc-microso...
        
         | sailfast wrote:
         | Typically these folks use standard redaction software. Has
         | anyone explored the fact that the software is just a buggy,
         | silly mess?
        
         | SilasX wrote:
         | Also the pedophile that tried to obscure his face in pictures
         | with a swirl effect that they were able to reverse enough to
         | identify him:
         | 
         | https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2007/11/you-can-swi...
         | 
         | IIRC there was a Slashdot discussion about it that went "Oh
         | yeah, obviously you need to black out the face entirely, or use
         | a randomized Gaussian blur." "Yeah, or just not molest kids."
        
         | rkagerer wrote:
         | Never trust a lawyer with a redact tool any more complicated
         | than a marker.
         | 
         | I've seen lawyers at major, high-priced law firms make this
         | same mistake. Once it was a huge list of individuals names and
         | bank account balances. Fortunately I was able to intervene just
         | before the uploaded documents were made public.
         | 
         | Folks around here blame incompetence, but I say the frequency
         | of this kind of cock-up is crystal clear telemetry telling you
         | the software tools suck.
         | 
         | If the software is going to leverage the familiarity of using a
         | blackout marker to give you a simple mechanism to redact text,
         | it should honour that analogy and work the way any regular user
         | would expect, by killing off the underlying text you're
         | obscuring, and any other correponding, hidden bits. Or it
         | should surface those hidden bits so you can see what could come
         | back to bite you later. E.g. It wouldn't be hard to make the
         | redact tool simultaneously act as a highlighter that
         | temporarily turns proximate text in the OCR layer a vibrant
         | yellow as you use it.
        
           | jdlshore wrote:
           | Apple's Preview app (which has a very thorough PDF markup
           | tool) does this right: it has an explicit "redact" tool which
           | deletes the content it's used on.
        
           | bena wrote:
           | I think it's part laziness here.
           | 
           | Placing a black rectangle on a PDF is easier than modifying
           | an image or removing text from that same PDF.
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | The tool in Acrobat is exactly placing black rectangles on
             | stuff. There's a second step you are supposed to do when
             | you are finishing marking the redactions that edits out the
             | content underneath them, and offers to sanitize other
             | hidden data:
             | 
             | https://www.adobe.com/acrobat/resources/how-to-redact-a-
             | pdf....
             | 
             | That failed redactions happen over and over and over is
             | kind of amazing.
        
               | metabagel wrote:
               | I hope you're not blaming the users. It's understandable
               | they would be confused. The software needs to clarify it
               | for the user. Perhaps, when you try to save it, it should
               | warn you that it looks like you tried to redact text, and
               | that text is still embedded in the document and could be
               | extracted. And then direct you to more information on how
               | to complete the redaction.
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | Professional users doing more than 1 document? Yes, I'm
               | absolutely blaming them.
               | 
               | I agree that affordances are good, but tools are tools,
               | they can have rough edges, it's okay that it occasionally
               | takes more than zero knowledge and attention to use them.
        
               | creata wrote:
               | The software could do better, sure, but in this case the
               | accountability clearly falls on the lawyers. It's their
               | job - and it's a job that can profoundly impact people's
               | lives, so they need to take it seriously - to redact
               | information properly.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | We have 30 years direct evidence that the users would
               | ignore that warning, complain about the computer warning
               | them too much, insist that the warning is entirely
               | unnecessary, and then release a document with important
               | information unredacted.
               | 
               | The problem is that the user generally doesn't have a
               | functioning mental model of what's actually going on.
               | They don't think of a PDF as a set of rendering
               | instructions that can overlap. They think it's paper.
               | Because that's what it pretends to be.
               | 
               | The best fix for this in almost any organization is the
               | one that untrained humans will understand: After you
               | redact, you print out and scan back in. You have policy
               | that for redacted documents, they _must_ be scanned in of
               | a physical paper.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | _The problem is that the user generally doesn 't have a
               | functioning mental model of what's actually going on_
               | 
               | Sorry, but a professional user not having an operational
               | understanding of the tools they're working with is called
               | culpable negligence in any other profession. A home user
               | not knowing how MS Word works is fine, but we're talking
               | desk clerks whose primary task is document management,
               | and lawyers who were explicitly tasked with data
               | redaction for digital publication. I don't think we
               | should excuse or normalize this level of incompetence.
        
               | zrobotics wrote:
               | I don't expect radiologists to have a good understanding
               | of the software involved in the control loops for the
               | equipment they operate. Why should a lawyer have to have
               | a mental model or even understand how the pdf rendering
               | engine works?
               | 
               | Have you ever had to actually react a document in acrobat
               | pro? It's way more fiddly and easy to screw up than one
               | would expect. Im not saying professionals shouldn't learn
               | how to use their tools, but the UI in acrobat is so
               | incredibly poor that I completely understand when
               | reaction gers screwed up. Up thread there's an in
               | complete but very extensive list of _this exact thing
               | happening over and over_. Clearly there 's a tools
               | problem here. Actual life-critical systems aren't
               | developed this way, if a plane keeps crashing due to the
               | same failure we don't blame the pilot. Boeing tried to do
               | that with the max, but they weren't able to successfully
               | convince the industry that that was OK.
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | The link in the comment you are replying to has a
               | screenshot of exactly this. it's a prompt with a checkbox
               | asking you to delete the metadata and hidden info
               | involved with the redaction. you'd have to blaze past
               | that and not read it to make this mistake. It is user
               | error.
               | 
               | I guess if you really want to defend users here you could
               | say people are desensitized so much by popup spam that a
               | popup prompt is gonna just be click through'd so fast the
               | user probably barely recognizes it, but that's not the
               | software's problem. For whatever reason some users would
               | prefer to just put black boxes over obfuscated text, so
               | here we are
        
               | queuebert wrote:
               | Adobe's contempt for users strikes again.
        
             | RajT88 wrote:
             | The consequences of fucking it up are low, too.
             | 
             | If they get caught, they just take the document down and
             | deny it ever got posted. Claim whatever people can show is
             | a fake.
             | 
             | Since they control the levers of government, there's few
             | with the resources and appetite for holding them
             | accountable. So far, we haven't un-redacted anything too
             | damning, so push hasn't come to shove yet.
             | 
             | The only _might_ change if there 's a "blue wave" in the
             | midterms, but even then I wouldn't count on it.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | I've not looked too deeply, but based on other discussion,
             | I wonder if this was malicious noncompliance meant to
             | reveal what the higher-ups were ordering hidden. If
             | victims' names are properly redacted that would be strong
             | evidence.
        
           | metabagel wrote:
           | > Folks around here blame incompetence, but I say the
           | frequency of this kind of cock-up is crystal clear telemetry
           | telling you the software tools suck.
           | 
           | Absolutely. They know this is confusing, and they're bound
           | and determined not to fix it. At the least, they need a pop-
           | up to let you know that it's not doing what you might think
           | it's doing.
        
             | stocksinsmocks wrote:
             | I'm optimistic that because LLMs have brought down the cost
             | of the mere act of typing out code that we will see a shift
             | in focus on certification and verification. Preferably with
             | some legal protection for customers that are sorely lacking
             | today.
        
             | dhosek wrote:
             | Apple's Preview app does exactly that. I discovered this
             | while trying to make a blanked copy of kid #2's homework
             | worksheet for kid #1 who left his at school after kid #2
             | already wrote on her copy.
        
           | jm4 wrote:
           | It often comes down to not using the right software and
           | training issues. They have to use Acrobat, which has a
           | redaction tool. This is expensive so some places cheap out on
           | other tools that don't have a real redaction feature. They
           | highlight with black and think it does the same thing whereas
           | the redaction tool completely removes the content and any
           | associated metadata from the document.
           | 
           | This was basically the only reason we were willing to cough
           | up like $400 for each Acrobat license for a few hundred
           | people. One redaction fuckup could cost you whatever you
           | saved by buying something else.
           | 
           | I would like to believe that the DOJ lacking the proper
           | software might have something to do with DOGE. That would be
           | sweet irony.
        
             | ozim wrote:
             | I think someone just got free marketing materials to
             | promote the redaction tools.
             | 
             | Now much more people will be aware of the issue.
        
             | zzzeek wrote:
             | not even, anyone still left at DOJ working to protect the
             | president is immensely corrupt, and this is just that
             | careless stupidity that typically goes along with deeply
             | corrupt people.
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | This is to be expected from an effort like DOGE simply
             | because the E is for Efficiency. That is, how well a system
             | is performing. The ratio of energy input to output.
             | 
             | Unfortunately the E in DOGE should have been for
             | Effectiveness. That is, is the system shooting at the right
             | target, and how close is it to hitting that target.
             | 
             | You can be very efficient but if you're doing the wrong
             | thing(s) you're ultimately wasting resources.
             | 
             | The irony is, DOGE got the E wrong. It's efficient but not
             | effective
        
             | limagnolia wrote:
             | Are you saying that only Adobe PDF has proper redaction
             | tools? I did a quick search and found several open source
             | PDF tools claiming to do redaction- are they all faulty? I
             | would honestly be surprised if there aren't any free tools
             | that do it right.
        
               | kccqzy wrote:
               | No that's not what GP is saying. GP is saying that there
               | is software that does not have a redaction feature
               | (perhaps because the developer didn't implement it), but
               | users of the software worked around it by adding a black
               | rectangle to the PDF in such software, falsely believing
               | it to be equivalent to redaction.
               | 
               | Properly implementing redaction is a complicated task.
               | The redaction can be applied to text, so the software
               | needs to find out which text is covered by the rectangle
               | and remove it. The redaction can be applied to images, so
               | the software needs to edit a dizzying array of image
               | formats supported by PDF (including some formats
               | frequently used by PDFs but used basically nowhere else,
               | like JBIG2). The redaction can be applied to invisible
               | text (such as OCR text of a scanned document). The
               | redaction can be applied to vector shapes, so some
               | moderately complicated geometry calculations are needed
               | to break the vector shapes and partially delete them.
               | 
               | It's very easy to imagine having a basic PDF editor that
               | does not have a redaction feature because implementing
               | the feature is hard.
               | 
               | For the same reason, a basic PDF editor does not have a
               | real crop feature. Such an editor adds a cropbox and
               | keeps all the content outside the cropbox.
        
             | wildzzz wrote:
             | If my law firm can't afford the $20/month for a copy of
             | Acrobat Pro, I'd be very concerned what else they are
             | cutting corners on.
        
           | tobyjsullivan wrote:
           | Always worth remembering that PDFs are basically a graphic
           | design format/editor from the 70s. It was never intended for
           | securely redacting documents and while it _can_ be done,
           | that's not the default behaviour.
           | 
           | No surprise non-experts muck it up and I don't see that
           | changing until they move to special-purpose tools.
        
         | orionspelt wrote:
         | Befuddling you are befuddled by non-tech obsessed people
         | failing to grasp tech.
        
         | rafram wrote:
         | Based on the prose style, I'm assuming you copy-pasted a
         | ChatGPT "deep research" answer?
        
           | wycy wrote:
           | The prose style and the fact that it was super repetitive.
           | Every bullet re-described the copy-pasting. Definitely LLM
           | slop.
        
       | tpoacher wrote:
       | reminds me of that leaky redaction program that won the
       | obfuscated c contest some years back
        
         | Delk wrote:
         | Probably the Underhanded C Contest
         | (https://www.underhanded-c.org/_page_id_17.html) but yeah.
         | Obfuscated C Contest entries usually aren't underhanded, just
         | intentionally obscure about what they do or how they do it.
        
           | tpoacher wrote:
           | sorry, yes, that one.
           | 
           | Great contest. And a great entry, I had a big chuckle running
           | it and unredacting my documents, even photos!
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | [dupe] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46364121
        
         | dang wrote:
         | We'll merge those comments hither.
        
       | vdupras wrote:
       | Trump's razor: Why attribute something to incompetence when you
       | can attribute it to patriotic sabotage?
        
         | andrewflnr wrote:
         | There's no patriotism here. That's just part of the cover for
         | seeking power.
        
           | vdupras wrote:
           | Who's seeking power, the poor schmuck who misused their PDF
           | tools?
           | 
           | It seems that my novel "razor" is misunderstood. The article
           | attributes bad redacting to gross incompetence. But what if
           | the person having done this bad redacting is instead doing
           | sabotage with plausible deniability "lol, those damn PDF
           | tools, you never know how they work"?
           | 
           | It makes this story more interesting, and it allows one to
           | see an outline of the future film scripts that will be
           | written about this period. The courageous saboteurs at the
           | dawn of american fascism.
        
             | andrewflnr wrote:
             | I do think I misunderstood your post, sorry. I was thinking
             | of those ordering the redaction.
             | 
             | I do still think incompetence is more likely to be the
             | explanation. Incompetent redactions are a perennial problem
             | even in much less controversial situations.
        
         | jimt1234 wrote:
         | There's no patriotism in protecting chomos.
        
         | TRiG_Ireland wrote:
         | It's certainly possible that some of the underlings are
         | deliberately sabotaging orders from above. It's also possible
         | that they're incompetent, as so many of the Trump team are. How
         | would we know which it is?
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | define "patriotism"
        
       | tim333 wrote:
       | It's quite funny really. Apparently you just cut and paste the
       | text into Word. They just had the pdf put black rectangles on
       | top.
        
         | pilaf wrote:
         | Why into Word specifically?
        
           | iAMkenough wrote:
           | The average office worker has it on their computer,
           | illustrating how commonplace unredacting could be. Any text
           | tool will work, even some designed to detect bad redactions
           | in PDFs via drag and drop (now specifically trained on these
           | known bad redactions).
           | https://github.com/freelawproject/x-ray
        
           | arendtio wrote:
           | You have a better editor?
        
             | adtac wrote:
             | ed is the standard Unix text editor.
        
               | lagniappe wrote:
               | ed is a line editor
        
               | Melonai wrote:
               | vi is also an editor, but sadly not the standard one, and
               | since standard is king: ed it is.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | Why reveal the trick before all the papers have been released?
        
           | pohl wrote:
           | IKR?!
        
           | Sceptre6 wrote:
           | I don't think there is a grand conspiracy here. Any schmoe
           | can download these files, select with their mouse, and copy
           | paste into a document.
        
           | alex77456 wrote:
           | Someone wanted to make sure to be the first?
        
           | njharman wrote:
           | Clout. Monetization.
        
       | nlitsme wrote:
       | Can you post the document numbers, I can't find where these texts
       | are in the original pdfs.
        
         | nlitsme wrote:
         | ah, found it - this is from the 'Court Records' part.
         | 
         | https://www.justice.gov/multimedia/Court Records/Matter of the
         | Estate of Jeffrey E. Epstein, Deceased, No. ST-21-RV-00005
         | (V.I. Super. Ct. 2021)/2022.03.17-1 Exhibit 1.pdf
        
           | embedding-shape wrote:
           | AKA https://www.justice.gov/multimedia/Court%20Records/Matter
           | %20...
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Link broken. (See reply with link that works.)
        
       | nickpinkston wrote:
       | I wonder if any of this is a conscious act of resistance vs. just
       | incompetence.
       | 
       | And yes, I've heard of Hanlon's Razor haha
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor
        
         | wolpoli wrote:
         | Black square vs redaction tool difference is well known if
         | someone's job involves redacting PDF or just working with PDF.
         | It's most likely that additional staffs were pulled in and
         | weren't given enough training.
        
           | cynicalsecurity wrote:
           | Let people believe it's deliberate sabotage. Unfortunately,
           | in real life, minions of a dictator serve the dictator; they
           | don't risk their live or safety for a noble cause. Any screw-
           | ups are a result of gross incompetence that is typical for
           | every dictatorship.
        
             | andsoitis wrote:
             | Do you truly believe the US is currently a dictatorship?
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | It's not so simple a binary. We're definitely much less
               | democratic than a year ago, and the bar was low then.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | I'm still always surprised that there are adults who
               | think it is not.
               | 
               | The CIA, for example, is entirely above the law.
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | That's different from a dictatorship, though, especially
               | if the CIA is not answerable to a supposed dictator.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > That's different from a dictatorship,
               | 
               | Its exactly equivalent to a dictatorship by the head of
               | the CIA, unless the CIA is effectively answerable to some
               | other authority despite not being answerable to the law,
               | and then it is equivalent to a dictatorship by that
               | higher authority.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Its exactly equivalent to a dictatorship by the head
               | of the CIA_
               | 
               | No it's not. I can commit all manner of illegal acts in
               | my home unnoticed, that doesn't make me a dictator.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | The CIA ran torture prisons, got caught, then there was a
               | congressional inquiry, and they hacked into the computers
               | of the congresspeople to delete the evidence of torture.
               | 
               | Then they got caught hacking congressional computers to
               | delete evidence.
               | 
               | Nothing happened to them.
               | 
               | They are above the law. You are not.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _CIA ran torture prisons, got caught, then there was a
               | congressional inquiry, and they hacked into the computers
               | of the congresspeople to delete the evidence of torture_
               | 
               | One, source?
               | 
               | Two, this above reproach. Not above the law. They deleted
               | the evidence, they didn't just blow the scandal off.
               | (Historically, our IC was popular. Right now, it's the
               | deep state. You're seeing political appointees at the FBI
               | and CIA exert control.)
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Yes, and if the hypothetical were that the CIA was
               | effectively outside of control of the law for actions
               | committed in private by CIA personnel in their homes,
               | then the conclusion would be different (even though an
               | agency the scale of the CIA would still have different
               | implications than an individual even then), but that
               | wasn't the hypothetical under discussion, which had much
               | fewer--as in zero--qualifications on the CIA's lack of
               | accountability.
               | 
               | Analogies don't work when they aren't analogous.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _if the hypothetical were that the CIA was effectively
               | outside of control of the law for actions committed in
               | private by CIA personnel in their homes_
               | 
               | My point is their actions _are_ committed outside the
               | law. They 've just been able to avoid punishment by
               | covering it up. What they are not is _above_ the law, at
               | least not in the long run. (There are absolutely short
               | bouts where the CIA acts above the law overseas, and rare
               | cases where it has done so domestically. But the fact
               | that they 're covering it up betrays that they're crafty
               | bastards, not invincible ones.)
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | The CIA can't rule by edict.
               | 
               | Being above the law is necessary but not sufficient to be
               | a dictator.
               | 
               | We also don't know enough about the internal politics of
               | the CIA to assert much about the head of the CIA.
        
               | fuzzfactor wrote:
               | From what I gather, it's so tight that when a clandestine
               | company has served its purpose and winds down, anybody
               | who managed to become a shareholder gets to cash out.
               | 
               | Anything else could blow the cover for next time.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | what is the US exactly currently if not dictatorship? is
               | there a single thing "President" cannot do right now and
               | if so who would be stopping him? so perhaps on paper US
               | is not dictatorship much like Russia and China are not...
               | We spend decades trying to fight these regimes and lost
               | so much that now we are worse than them :)
        
               | chocoboaus3 wrote:
               | The supreme court did just stop him for the moment
               | putting the national guard into chicago
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | bookmark this for a few days and then come back to it...
               | the story is "... for now" :-)
        
               | jibal wrote:
               | "rare setback"
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | it is not a setback, they have to play a little game now
               | and again to entertain the masses. scotus as it was
               | before doesn't exist anymore and won't for decades, it
               | now just rubberstamps
        
               | jibal wrote:
               | I quoted the media. The main point in this context is the
               | "rare" part. I'm well aware of the nature of the GOP
               | operatives on the SCOTUS. Thomas, Alito, and Gorsuch all
               | voted in Trump's favor. That Beerhead, Ms.
               | IDreamOfGilead, and "Citizens United/I hate the VRA/worst
               | chief justice since Taney" voted to temporarily uphold
               | the stay actually surprised me (Bart O' said he would
               | have given Trump more leeway) but yes, it's theater.
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | It's pretty clear he can barely do anything policy wise.
               | Limited tariffs and immigration / border stuff is pretty
               | much all that he is getting done.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | you don't need policy, policy is what his predecessors
               | were doing and are now going "wait, we could have done
               | whatever the F we wanted??! damn!!" :)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | And killing so many sailors in South American waters.
        
               | andsoitis wrote:
               | > so many
               | 
               | To be exact, CNN reports that for the period Sep - Dec
               | there have been ~30 boats destroyed in ~26 attacks, with
               | at least ~105 deaths in these operations.
               | 
               | The US govt is of course claiming narcotics smugglers
               | ("narcoterrorism") while others say they are not. The
               | truth is probably somewhere inbetween, though who knows
               | one which end of the spectrum.
               | 
               | What I think is maybe more interesting is the general
               | pressure being applied to Venezuela by the US and the EU.
        
               | nothrabannosir wrote:
               | _> is there a single thing "President" cannot do right
               | now_
               | 
               | Stand in the middle of fifth Avenue and shoot someone :)
               | 
               | Have political enemies executed
               | 
               | Get his face on Mount Rushmore
               | 
               | Disband congress
               | 
               | Disband the Supreme Court
               | 
               | Keep Jimmy Kimmel off air
               | 
               | Get Jon Stuart to shut up
               | 
               | Get James comey indicted
               | 
               | Get a national holiday named after him
               | 
               | Etc.
               | 
               | Even when we focus on things he tried to do, there is a
               | lot he couldn't. Let alone when you look at things he
               | didn't try to do.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | we are 11 months in, please be patient while the process
               | is taking place, be right with you with your list :)
               | 
               | lots of these are of course also just a distraction to
               | discuss at Thanksgiving and Christmas dinner vs you know,
               | other things
        
               | nothrabannosir wrote:
               | You said "right now". If you want to change to "will be
               | able to do in the near future, before the end of his
               | second term", that's a (slightly?) different list. But
               | it's also a different comment.
               | 
               | You said "anything", in the context of dictatorship. I
               | only used items in this list which IMO you can reasonably
               | say Putin, an actual dictator, can do. Right now. Except
               | the first one! Because that was a joke, a reference to
               | something he himself said he could do.
               | 
               | If you want to change to "anything which has backroom
               | deal importance, not just bread and games for the masses,
               | but the real things, if you know you know", that's a
               | (slightly) different list.
               | 
               | But, it's also a different comment.
        
               | h33t-l4x0r wrote:
               | Well he did get Ellen Degeneris to self-deport
        
               | exasperaited wrote:
               | He has functionally neutered Congress. It is almost
               | completely meaningless and it is operating without an
               | independent Speaker.
               | 
               | I think he could succeed in principle re: Mount Rushmore,
               | to be honest. I think eventually people will cave in and
               | agree to do it, and then they will just pray to
               | cholesterol that they can wait it out.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | I truly believe we're headed that direction. I've lived
               | long enough to have seen a wide variety of presidents,
               | both good and bad. This one is easily the worst one, in
               | terms of bare naked power grabs.
               | 
               | I believe Trump will manufacture a crisis before he's out
               | of office in a bid to maintain control. I believe he will
               | have learned from Bush Jr. that a simple war isn't good
               | enough, and it needs to be a genuine emergency.
               | 
               | I believe he'll do whatever he can to make that happen.
               | Native born terrorist, or war with a close country, or
               | absolutely over the top financial crash. Something awful
               | that lets him invoke some obscure rule that lets him stay
               | in power with congressional approval - he'll just skip
               | the congressional approval part like he already does.
        
               | irishcoffee wrote:
               | This is one of those instances where I with hn had some
               | kind of remindMe feature.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Hopefully it is not an instance where you _won 't_ need
               | it.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | I hope I'm wrong, but I legit believe that will happen.
               | 
               | See you in about 2 years.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | > _Something awful that lets him invoke some obscure rule
               | that lets him stay in power with congressional approval_
               | 
               | There is literally no such obscure rule, and a new
               | Congress will be seated two weeks before the 2029
               | Presidential Inauguration.
               | 
               | Elections, and the compulsory ends of terms, inauguration
               | of new Congresses, etc, happen on schedule without regard
               | to any exceptional cases, including Civil War.
               | 
               | If he can get a majority of the Electoral College for a
               | third term, and a majority in both houses of Congress in
               | 2028, then things get much more complicated.
               | 
               | But there is no other path. Elections matter, and don't
               | let _anyone_ discourage you from believing that they don
               | 't matter enough to vote.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | How would the roadmap for turning a democracy into a one
               | party dictatorship differ from the trajectory we are on?
        
               | rurban wrote:
               | Which democracy? The USA isn't one for decades already
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | I've no doubt that if we plopped you down in the middle
               | of, say, modern-day Russia, you'd be able to observe a
               | few important differences in the political organization
               | of the two countries.
               | 
               | Fewer than you would a year or nine ago, certainly, and a
               | lot of people are working very hard on closing the gap.
               | 
               | Democracy is a spectrum. There have always been
               | significant flaws with American democracy, but you'd be
               | mad to not observe significant, active regression and
               | effort by the government to replace it with something
               | else.
        
               | rurban wrote:
               | Unfortunately this is unrealistic as we cannot travel to
               | both countries easily.
        
               | vunderba wrote:
               | I wouldn't go so far as to call it a dictatorship, but
               | it's definitely trending toward authoritarianism.
               | 
               | Wasn't too hard to put together a quick graph of the past
               | decade for the U.S. using the World Press Freedom Index
               | (relative ranking and score) - an annual ranking of 180
               | countries published by Reporters Without Borders that
               | measures the level of press freedom.
               | 
               | https://imgur.com/a/4liEqqi
        
               | ourmandave wrote:
               | The pendulum swings. It always does. And all the powers
               | SCOTUS gave the executive branch will eventually be in
               | the hands of the Loyal Opposition.
               | 
               | If it swings as far back you might even see universal
               | health care, sane gun laws, fair wages, campaign finance
               | reform, reproductive freedom, science based policy
               | making, reigning in billionaires, etc.
        
               | DANmode wrote:
               | Tell us more about the sane ("common sense"?) gun laws!
               | 
               | I love these.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | I'd love to limit the semi-auto rifles like the infamous
               | AR-15. Useless for hunting, useless for self-defense. In
               | exchange for country-wide reciprocity for concealed carry
               | and firearm transportation.
        
               | pppppiiiiiuuuuu wrote:
               | > Useless for hunting, useless for self-defense.
               | 
               | I'm not a 1A guy, I think that for instance people with a
               | history of domestic violence shouldn't be armed (that is
               | what I would cite as "common sense"), but this statement
               | really damages your credibility. Of course semiautomatic
               | rifles are useful for both hunting and for self defense.
               | They are effective weapons. That's the problem.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | > I'm not a 1A guy, I think that for inference people
               | with a history of domestic violence shouldn't be armed
               | 
               | Whut? How the fuck did you make that jump?
               | 
               | AR-15 rifles are useless for hunting. They are too small
               | to reliably kill large game (deer) and too large for
               | small game (rabbits). Sure, they're fine for coyotes, but
               | if you're buying an AR-15 to hunt coyotes, then you
               | should just stop.
               | 
               | AR-15s are also useless for self-defense. They are too
               | bulky for indoor use, and the bullets can penetrate
               | multiple walls. A regular semi-auto handgun is far
               | superior if you're looking to protect yourself against
               | domestic violence.
        
               | pppppiiiiiuuuuu wrote:
               | The domestic violence thing was about a potential gun
               | regulation, not a scenario. People with domestic violence
               | convictions are overrepresented among murderers and mass
               | shooters. So it would make sense to prevent them from
               | obtaining guns.
               | 
               | It's useless for hunting, but you identify circumstances
               | it's useful in. You say it's useless for self defense
               | because it's bulky, I've heard a hundred people say it's
               | ideal because it's easier to be proficient with a rifle
               | than with a pistol.
               | 
               | Say whatever you want, but when you make absolute
               | statements like that, it damages your credibility. That's
               | my feedback for you.
        
               | consz wrote:
               | I think you may have very differing views of what "self-
               | defense" situations you and the other poster are talking
               | about.
               | 
               | Could you describe a specific scenario one of those
               | hundred people might be imagining?
        
               | pppppiiiiiuuuuu wrote:
               | I don't really care to have an in depth discussion of
               | self defense scenarios because I don't think that helps
               | us understand common sense gun regulation any better. I'm
               | sure you can find people making that argument if you are
               | curious. My point is not that the AR-15 is an appropriate
               | self defense weapon but that there are better arguments
               | you could have made, and that the one you did make lost
               | someone who is already sympathetic to your position.
        
               | cyberax wrote:
               | You're a bot, likely.
        
               | pppppiiiiiuuuuu wrote:
               | I guess what I'm saying doesn't compute.
        
               | consz wrote:
               | I did find someone making that argument, you. I don't
               | think asking for one example out of a hundred is asking
               | for an in depth discussion, but if you claim this is too
               | much for you then I won't push the issue.
        
               | pppppiiiiiuuuuu wrote:
               | It's just not what I'm talking about it the point I'm
               | trying to make. I wasn't making that argument.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | "it's ideal because it's easier to be proficient with a
               | rifle than with a pistol"
               | 
               | So a shotgun then?
        
               | ourmandave wrote:
               | I could cut-n-paste a bunch of them and you could copy
               | back all the arguments against them, if you want to do
               | that.
               | 
               | Or post a link to a tiresome comment sections where it's
               | been done countless times.
               | 
               | But until 2A is amended there's nothing we can do.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27No_Way_to_Prevent_This,%
               | 27_...
        
               | DANmode wrote:
               | For record:
               | 
               | That's _why_ I love the conversations.
        
               | DANmode wrote:
               | > science based policy making
               | 
               | One of my favorite trivia questions is: how long has it
               | been since Congress has had staff scientists?
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Well, I'd do a guess and say at least since the
               | Congressional Office of Technology Assessment got deep-
               | sixed back in the 95. Either that or they never had them.
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | Oh the horror!
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | You act like Trump's policies don't have broad support
               | with a majority of voters.
        
               | ourmandave wrote:
               | Polls can be capricious, but Trump's recent numbers with
               | some groups have seen big drops.
        
               | sdenton4 wrote:
               | I have very little faith that scotus will have any
               | consistency in their decisions going forward - they seem
               | to be nakedly political, and backing trump. If the
               | elections swing the other direction (despite their aid in
               | gerrymandering), expect them to cry about the power of
               | the presidency and start rolling it back as fast as they
               | can push decisions through the shadow docket.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | > The pendulum swings. It always does. And all the powers
               | SCOTUS gave the executive branch will eventually be in
               | the hands of the Loyal Opposition.
               | 
               | That sounds reinsuring, but it is completely false. The
               | idea that the pendulum swings is just regression to the
               | mean: sure, after a terrible president, the next one is
               | likely to be less terrible. But there is nothing that
               | implies that after a far-right regime will come a far-
               | left one. In fact, if you look at History in various
               | countries around the world, this seems very unlikely.
               | 
               | > If it swings as far back you might even see universal
               | health care, sane gun laws, fair wages, campaign finance
               | reform, reproductive freedom, science based policy
               | making, reigning in billionaires, etc.
               | 
               | Don't count on it. In all likelihood it will regress to
               | the centre. The American culture hasn't changed that much
               | and American leftists did not suddenly become competent
               | at getting popular support.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | > But there is nothing that implies that after a far-
               | right regime will come a far-left one. In fact, if you
               | look at History in various countries around the world,
               | this seems very unlikely.
               | 
               | Looking at the history of left wing movements in
               | countries post-WWII, can you think of a reason why they
               | wouldn't be successful and far-right ones would? The Cold
               | War may have been a factor.
               | 
               | > Don't count on it. In all likelihood it will regress to
               | the centre.
               | 
               | The center doesn't exist anymore. The right-wing has
               | labeled the US Democratic Party as extreme left. There
               | should be a term for 'forcing your opposition to
               | materialize because you are unable to distinguish between
               | propaganda and reality'.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | > Looking at the history of left wing movements in
               | countries post-WWII, can you think of a reason why they
               | wouldn't be successful and far-right ones would?
               | 
               | In western democracies, I can think of a couple. For
               | example, the wave of left-wing intellectualism that was
               | prevalent up until the 1980s got somewhat lost and lost
               | contact with the lower classes, which left an opening for
               | far-right populists.
               | 
               | > The center doesn't exist anymore. The right-wing has
               | labeled the US Democratic Party as extreme left.
               | 
               | You're right. In that frame of reference, it might indeed
               | regress to the far left, but that would still be slightly
               | to the left of Bill Clinton. The US don't strike me as
               | having a particularly strong left-wing culture and I
               | don't see it appearing any time soon.
               | 
               | > There should be a term for 'forcing your opposition to
               | materialize because you are unable to distinguish between
               | propaganda and reality'.
               | 
               | I don't think the word exist, but the concept proved very
               | useful to a lot of dictators.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > And all the powers SCOTUS gave the executive branch
               | will eventually be in the hands of the Loyal Opposition.
               | 
               | They will find excuses to reverse. There will be some
               | technicality, made up historical precense or some
               | actually untrue fact about the world that wil totally
               | make the situation different.
               | 
               | Conservative heretage foundation group has outcome in
               | mind ... and "opposition" is not their preffered outcome.
        
               | rootusrootus wrote:
               | The country as a whole, no. But within the regime? Yeah.
        
               | culi wrote:
               | A man who tried to overturn an election is in power and
               | is disappearing people on the streets without due
               | process.
               | 
               | The other day there was news about some ICE members who
               | blew up the door to a family's home in order to detain a
               | man. The man was a citizen. They knew that. They came to
               | intimidate him because a few days earlier he tried
               | filming their cars on a public street. That's just one
               | example but these cases are only becoming _more_ common.
               | 
               | One thing that's clear is that if he tries to overturn an
               | election again, he is way better positioned to succeed
               | this time. ICE is now the 5th most heavily funded
               | military in the world and the whole point of DOGE[0] was
               | to centralize the government and fill only with
               | loyalists.
               | 
               | [0] NYT investigation recently proved there were little
               | savings https://archive.ph/y5guv
        
               | andsoitis wrote:
               | > disappearing people on the streets without due process.
               | 
               | Undocumented immigrants can be detained and deported by
               | the U.S. government but they are still legally entitled
               | to due process.
               | 
               | What is happening is aggressive enforcement and detention
               | that can feel like "disappearing," but it is not the same
               | thing as extrajudicial abduction in the legal sense.
               | 
               | When people use the word "disappeared" they usually mean
               | families temporarily can't find someone after detention,
               | detainees are transferred far aways, no lawyer
               | automatically assigned, communication is difficult,
               | deportation happens very quickly. While this is real
               | harm, it is not the same phenomenon as disappearance
               | under international law.
               | 
               | The U.S. is aggressively detaining and deporting
               | undocumented immigrants under civil law, sometimes with
               | minimal process and poor transparency -- but not through
               | secret, extrajudicial disappearances. Due process is
               | thinner than for citizens, enforcement can be opaque and
               | traumatic, but this is not the same as "vanished" outside
               | the legal system.
        
             | brunoqc wrote:
             | Maybe because facism favor loyalty over competence.
        
               | zerocrates wrote:
               | Arendt:
               | 
               | Totalitarianism in power invariably replaces all first-
               | rate talents, regardless of their sympathies, with those
               | crackpots and fools whose lack of intelligence and
               | creativity is still the best guarantee of their loyalty.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | >Totalitarianism in power invariably replaces all first-
               | rate talents, regardless of their sympathies, with those
               | crackpots and fools whose lack of intelligence and
               | creativity is still the best guarantee of their loyalty.
               | 
               | Same reason unions always work hardest when fighting on
               | behalf of the worst workers. If you go to bat for a man
               | who can't do better elsewhere he'll go to bat for you in
               | return.
               | 
               | But wait, the situation is more complicated than that you
               | say? Why yes, that's exactly the point. Two of us can
               | play at the stupid smug oversimplification game.
               | 
               | While the effect being described is real to an extent,
               | distilling it to the point you did is useless because
               | there is so much more nuance. Why assume the place was
               | staffed with first rate talent to begin with? And even if
               | there is a lot of first rate talent many will stick
               | around because they don't care who they serve (people not
               | like this don't tend to make careers in government TBH).
        
           | Dusseldorf wrote:
           | Colleagues whose full time job is doing this sort of thing
           | for various bits of the government have told me this is
           | exactly the case here. People from all over the government
           | have been deputized to redact these documents with little or
           | no prior training.
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | I wonder if this activity is being used as a kind of
             | loyalty test. Keep track of who is assigned to redact what,
             | and then if certain files leak or are insufficiently
             | redacted, they indicate who isn't all in on Dear Leader.
             | 
             | It's not like a few more stories of Trump raping $whomever
             | are going to move the needle at all, especially with how
             | the media is on board with burying negative coverage of the
             | regime.
             | 
             | Also if you're wondering how this activity isn't some kind
             | of abuse of government resources, keep in mind that thanks
             | to the Supreme Council's embrace of the Unitary Executive
             | Theory (ie Sparkling Autocracy), covering up evidence about
             | Donald Trump raping under-aged sex trafficking victims is
             | now an _official priority of the United States Government_.
        
               | andrewflnr wrote:
               | I guess they might try, but given all the other nonsense
               | I certainly don't think the admin is organized enough to
               | execute that plan.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | CUaaS. Cover Up as a Service.
        
               | femto wrote:
               | With a sister website BAEaas (Backup and Extort as a
               | service).
        
             | culi wrote:
             | If there's _that_ many people who have access to these
             | files, I 'm shocked there hasn't been leaks until this
             | point.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | If loyalty is the metric and not competence they were
               | selected for ..
        
               | maeln wrote:
               | Why risk leaking it and potentially getting caught, when
               | you can do a bad job redacting instead :)
        
               | themafia wrote:
               | I'd want them to leak their instructions given to them
               | for this assignment.
        
               | Jcampuzano2 wrote:
               | When other people close to the case end up dead you have
               | a pretty decent reason to not leak.
        
           | exasperaited wrote:
           | Yeah -- don't attribute to resistance what can adequately be
           | explained by idiocy.
        
           | baby wrote:
           | My understanding is that many people were fired and replaced
           | by loyalists at the FBI. I think there are a lot of
           | incompetent people working there right now.
        
           | asmor wrote:
           | It seems insane that nobody at the other end runs something
           | as simple as MAT or imagick (twice) over it to take the text
           | layers out before uploading though. I hope this is at least
           | partially intentional.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | A third possibility is diversion, while the most damaging
         | evidence would be suppressed a different way.
        
         | apical_dendrite wrote:
         | Reporting is that they had a basically impossible deadline and
         | they took lawyers off of counterintelligence work to do this.
         | So a conscious act of resistance is possible, but it's a
         | situation where mistakes are likely - people working very
         | quickly trying to meet a deadline and doing work they aren't
         | that familiar with and don't really want to be doing.
        
           | jmward01 wrote:
           | It seems like a common tactic by this administration is to
           | just not do what they are required to do until they have been
           | told 50 times and criminal charges are being filed. I suspect
           | the actual truth here is 'don't do this' turned into 'you
           | have 1 day to do this and keep my name out of the release'
           | which led to lots of issues. They probably spent more time
           | deciding the order of pages to release, and how to avoid
           | releasing the things damaging to the administration, than
           | actually doing the work needed to release it. Now they will
           | say 'look, see! You didn't give us enough time and our
           | incompetence is the proof'
        
           | cosmicgadget wrote:
           | Considering the Comey, James, and Adams debacles, seems quite
           | likely they're purged most people with a shred of competence.
        
         | jmyeet wrote:
         | It's a good question.
         | 
         | For context, lawyers deal with this all the time. In discovery,
         | there is an extensive document ("doc") review process to
         | determine if documents are responsive or non-responsive. For
         | example, let's say I subpoenaed all communication between Bob
         | and Alice between 1 Jan 2019 and 1 Jan 2020 in relation to the
         | purchase of ABC Inc as part of litigation. Every email would be
         | reviewed and if it's relevant to the subpoena, it's marked as
         | responsive, given an identifier and handed over to the other
         | side. Non-responsive communication might not be eg attorney-
         | client communications.
         | 
         | It can go further and parts of documents can be viewed as non-
         | responsive and otherwise be blacked out eg the minutes of a
         | meeting that discussed 4 topics and only 1 of them was about
         | the company purchase. That may be commercially sensitive and
         | beyond the scope of the subpoena.
         | 
         | Every such redaction and exclusion has to be logged and a
         | reason given for it being non-responsive where a judge can
         | review that and decide if the reason is good or not, should it
         | ever be an issue. Can lawyers find something damaging and not
         | want to hand it over and just mark it non-responsive?
         | Technically, yes. Kind of. It's a good way to get disbarred or
         | even jailed.
         | 
         | My point with this is that lawyers, which the Department of
         | Justice is full of, are no strangers to this process so should
         | be able to do it adequately. If they reveal something damaging
         | to their client this way, they themselves can get sued for
         | whatever the damages are. So it's something they're careful
         | about, for good reason.
         | 
         | So in my opinion, it's unlikely that this is an act of
         | resistance. Lawyers won't generally commit overt illegal acts,
         | particularly when the only incentive is keeping their job and
         | the downside is losing their career. It could happen.
         | 
         | What I suspect is happening is all the good lawyers simply
         | aren't engaging in this redaction process because they know
         | better so the DoJ had the wheel out some bad and/or unethical
         | ones who would.
         | 
         | What they're doing is in blatant violation to the law passed
         | last month and good lawyers know it.
         | 
         | There's a lot of this going on at the DoJ currently. Take the
         | recent political prosecutions of James Comey, Letitia James,
         | etc. No good prosecutor is putting their name to those
         | indictments so the administration was forced to bring in
         | incompetent stooges who would. This included former Trump
         | personal attorneys who got improerly appointed as US Attorneys.
         | This got the Comey indictment thrown out.
         | 
         | The law that Ro Khanna and Thomas Massey co-sponsored was
         | sweeping and clear about what needs to be released. The DoJ is
         | trying to protect both members of the administration and
         | powerful people, some of whom are likely big donors and/or
         | foreign government officials or even heads of state.
         | 
         | That's also why this process is so slow I imagine. There are
         | only so many ethically compromised lackeys they can find.
        
           | sigwinch wrote:
           | Fine, but the teeth of this act belong to some future justice
           | department. I predict Trump will issue blanket pardons for
           | everyone involved, up to Bondi; and that none of them will
           | respect a congressional subpoena.
        
             | jmyeet wrote:
             | There's no putting this genie back in the bottle.
             | 
             | MAGA is a cult and every cult has a mission. MAGA's mission
             | is to uncover the elite pedophile ring. A cult can only be
             | sustained so long as the mission is incomplete. Epstein is
             | core foundational mythology. It's going to be really
             | difficult if not impossible to redirect this.
             | 
             | You'll notice that Mike Johnson once again has put Congress
             | in recess to avoid it taking action, this time a day before
             | the 30 day deadline. The last time was for 7 weeks to try
             | and get Republicans to remove their names from the
             | discharge petition to avoid all this. Republicans know what
             | a core problem this is.
             | 
             | So it's politically damaging with his base for Trump to
             | pardon attorneys involved in obstructing this. But even if
             | he weathers that, it doesn't solve his problem.
             | 
             | For one, any attorneys despite any pardon are subject to
             | disciplinary proceedings (including disbarment) as well as
             | possible state charges.
             | 
             | For another, this stuff is simply going to get out. Where
             | previously a DoJ attorney would be committing career
             | suicide if they got caught leaking things like grand jury
             | testimony and confidential non-prosecution agreements, now
             | they're obligated to. So they're not leakers anymore,
             | they're whistleblowers who are following the law.
             | 
             | Congress will eventually have to come back into session and
             | Pam Bondi may actually face a real risk of impeachment. If
             | that happens, who is going to want this job when the key
             | requirement is being such a loyalist that you have to break
             | the law?
             | 
             | Congress will also seek compliaance from DoJ and hold
             | investigations as well as drip feed their own documents
             | from,say, the House Oversight Committee.
             | 
             | And in the wings we still have Ghislaine Maxwell who is
             | clearly operating under an implicit understanding that she
             | will get a pardon or, more likely, a commutation. Her move
             | to a lower security prison that isn't eligible for her type
             | of offenses was (IMHO) clearly a move to buy her continued
             | silence until it became politically possible to free her. I
             | don't think that's ever going to be possible other than
             | maybe a lame duck pardon when leaving office.
             | 
             | This story is only getting bigger.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | There's already bipartisan talk of inherent contempt being
             | applied in the House, so the teeth might not wait for a
             | future justice department.
        
               | larkost wrote:
               | The discharge petition to all the bill that forced this
               | release was going nowhere until President Trump declared
               | that he was onboard, and then it happened. Until then it
               | was going nowhere.
               | 
               | My guess is that someone suggested to Trump that they
               | could redact most of the bad bits and plausibly deny that
               | they were doing that, and he decided that this was the
               | path of least resistance.
               | 
               | So I don't think there is any chance that he will easily
               | allow any more votes to go the way of putting more
               | pressure. Unless the pressure gets so bad that he has no
               | choice (read: Newsmax and FoxNews both start pressure
               | campaigns).
        
               | jmyeet wrote:
               | This is not correct at all.
               | 
               | The GOP are masters of using parliamentary procedure to
               | avoid votes that would pass that they don't want to pass,
               | nominations and bills that they can't defend voting
               | against.
               | 
               | This was a big issue in the Obama era where Mitch
               | McConnell was determined to make Obama a one term
               | president and decided to "obstruct, obstruct, obstruct"
               | on things that historically never been obstructed, or at
               | least not to the degree they were under Obama. For
               | example, judicial appointments would get stuck in
               | committee and never come up for a vote because the vote
               | would pass. The most famous example of this was the
               | Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination that was never
               | given a vote for 11 months, which was completely
               | unprecedented.
               | 
               | The GOP has a narrow working majority in the House. The
               | House, unlike the Senate, has the discharge petition
               | process where if a majority of House representatives sign
               | it, it forces a vote. All the Democratic reps signed on
               | so it only took about 4 GOP reps for it to pass.
               | 
               | The lengths Mike Johnson went to to avoid this were
               | unprecedented. 3 Democratic reps have died in office this
               | Congressional session. Texas has consistently delayed a
               | special election to avoid a replacement. Arizona had a
               | special election. A Democrat won and Johnson avoided
               | swearing her in for 7 weeks because she would be the
               | 218th and final signature on the discharge petition.
               | 
               | 4 GOP reps signed on and the White House and the Speaker
               | both put incredible pressure on them to change their
               | mind. It was a big part of why Trump fell out with
               | Marjorie Taylor-Greene (she was one of the 4).
               | 
               | Why go to all this effort? Because Epstein was core
               | foundational mythology for MAGA, reps couldn't defend
               | voting against it and everybody knew it.
               | 
               | Johnson then tried to use a procedure to pass a vote
               | called unaminous consent. Basically, rather than go
               | through a roll call of up to 435 members, the House is
               | given the option to object. If anyone does, it forces a
               | vote. Why would he do this? Because there's no voting
               | record for unanimous consent. It gives members cover to
               | say they did or didn't vote for something. A roll call is
               | an official record. Democrats objected and thus we got an
               | official vote with only 1 "no" vote (Rep Clay Higgins).
               | 
               | The SEnate passed it with unanimous consent.
               | 
               | This was a veto proof majority. So if it was so popular,
               | why just not schedule a vote to begin with?
               | 
               | And the obstruction continues. Johnson again put the
               | House in recess 1 day before the 30 day deadline.
               | Coincidence? I think not.
               | 
               | And now we're getting illegal redactions, not meeting the
               | 30 day deadline and a drip feed of document releases
               | because (IMHO) they can't find enough ethically-
               | challenged lackeys to do doc review and redact the names
               | and images of Trump and powerful people, many of whom are
               | likely donors.
               | 
               | Johnson may well lose his position over this. The
               | Attorney General has a non-zero chance of being impeached
               | and removed over it.
               | 
               | There is no putting this genie back in the bottle. It's
               | not going away and at no point was the Trump circle
               | comfortable they could redact their way out of it. They
               | are in full on panic mode right now.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > My point with this is that lawyers, which the Department of
           | Justice is full of, are no strangers to this process so
           | should be able to do it adequately. If they reveal something
           | damaging to their client this way, they themselves can get
           | sued for whatever the damages are. So it's something they're
           | careful about, for good reason.
           | 
           | > So in my opinion, it's unlikely that this is an act of
           | resistance. Lawyers won't generally commit overt illegal
           | acts,
           | 
           | Political redaction in this release under the Epstein
           | Transparency Act _is_ an overt, illegal act.
           | 
           | Does that reconfigure your estimation of whether DoJ
           | attorneys that aren't the Trump inner-circle loyalists
           | installed in leadership roles might engage in resistance
           | against (or at least fail to point out methodological flaws
           | in the inplmentation of) it?
        
         | JohnTHaller wrote:
         | Given the sheer number of people they had to pull in and work
         | overtime to redact Trump's name as well as those of prominent
         | Republicans and donors as per numerous sources within the FBI
         | and the administration itself, incompetence is likely for a
         | chunk of it.
        
           | sigwinch wrote:
           | It's funny that this effort, the largest exertion of FBI
           | agents second only to 9/11, seems to be unprepared to redact.
           | Cynically, I'm prepared for it to be part of a generative set
           | of PDFs derived from the prompt "create court documents
           | consistent with these 16 PDFs which obscure the role of
           | Donald Trump between 1993 and 1998."
        
             | _annum wrote:
             | Generative subterfuge aside, the information being
             | "uncovered" through copy-and-paste could have been modified
             | and we would never know.
             | 
             | I'm leaning towards negligence though.
        
         | russellbeattie wrote:
         | There's a third option: Ambivalence.
         | 
         | Any major documents/files have been removed all together. Then
         | the rest was farmed out to anyone they could find with basic
         | instructions to redact anything embarrassing.
         | 
         | Since there's absolutely zero chance anyone in the
         | administration will ever be held accountable for what's left,
         | they're not overly concerned.
         | 
         | The thing that I've been waiting to see for years is the actual
         | video recordings. There were supposedly cameras everywhere, for
         | years. I'm not even talking about the disgusting stuff, I'm
         | talking security for entrances, hallways, etc.
         | 
         | The FBI definitely has them, where are they?
         | 
         | What about Maxwell's media files? There was nothing found
         | there? Did they subpoena security companies and cloud
         | providers?
         | 
         | The documents are all deniable. Yes video evidence can now be
         | easily faked, but real video will have details that are hard to
         | invent. Regardless, videos are worth millions of words.
        
         | billy99k wrote:
         | The 'resistance' was not releasing them during the last
         | administration.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | Another option: also change some of the text underneath.
        
       | lisbbb wrote:
       | Did we learn anything useful or is it exactly as I said in the
       | other thread, which got downvoted to hell, that all the really
       | juicy blackmail material is with the CIA and will never see the
       | light of day?
        
         | apical_dendrite wrote:
         | Do you have any evidence of that?
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | Of course they don't but it sounds truthy so give it a few
           | rounds of the Internet whisper machine and it can become
           | accepted fact everybody "knows".
        
         | gosub100 wrote:
         | Won't know until all the documents are released. The blackmail
         | is undeniable. But what's more interesting is who else was
         | involved. Who purchased his services? That's what they are
         | trying to hide.
        
       | c420 wrote:
       | "Like you guys have had this stuff for a year. Doesn't it seem
       | like you could just throw all that into AI at this stage of the
       | game? And just redact the names of the victims, and let's go."
       | Joe Rogan
        
       | juujian wrote:
       | Apart from the technological and procedural question, I would
       | love to learn why the DOJ found it important to protect Indyke.
       | He was Epstein's lawyer, and now we learn that he was personally
       | involved. He is not a Washington person. We expected there to be
       | politically motivated protection of certain people, but is the
       | DOJ just going to blanket protect anybody in the docs?
        
         | avidiax wrote:
         | Indyke works for other powerful people, runs in MAGA circles.
         | 
         | Two things come to mind:
         | 
         | * Some things Indyke did fall outside the scope of lawyer-
         | client privilege. It would be bad for certain people to get him
         | on a stand and force him to spill the beans. He was never
         | interviewed re: Epstein [1]
         | 
         | * He's a very talented lawyer, insofar as a competent lawyer
         | with, at least, extreme discretion, is talented.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/letter_to_doj-f...
        
           | notahacker wrote:
           | > It would be bad for certain people to get him on a stand
           | and force him to spill the beans.
           | 
           | Yep. I think this sort of thing is actually their biggest
           | concern with releasing the docs. They can redact or lose
           | documents that say anything directly incriminating about
           | Trump and his associates and dismiss everything Epstein and
           | testimonies from the 2020s say about him as confabulation,
           | but there are other people who might want to take the
           | administration down with them if they get caught or even just
           | get fed up of being doorstepped by the media, and some of
           | them might have receipts.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | Redactions are just hard in general. It's easy for stuff to
             | slip through the cracks (as we've been seeing).
             | 
             | It's why deleting documents outright is something we aren't
             | really seeing. Those docs can still be floating around and,
             | worse, there can be references to missing docs within the
             | released docs.
             | 
             | And with just the sheer volume of documents that are being
             | released, it's clear to me why the Trump admin didn't
             | release anything sooner. There's simply too much and the
             | effort to prune it down to a specific narrative is too much
             | of a monumental undertaking. It'd involve too many people
             | which ultimately means it's more likely to leak out.
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | The goal (at least it appears this way to me) is less
               | about having any sort of airtight defense or actually
               | successfully protecting people in the docs so much as
               | giving plausible deniability for the talking heads that
               | support the administration to push as truth. If it's
               | murky, sloppy, or otherwise unclear, then "no one wins"
               | and "no one is right," so the event can be easily
               | dismissed.
               | 
               | You can open up any popular conservative forum/watch any
               | mainstream conservative pundit and they are all saying
               | the same thing: "there's nothing here it doesn't matter,
               | Trump is just being photographed with women sometimes who
               | cares?" Then some deflection about Bill Clinton, making
               | sure to bring up the hot tub photo.
               | 
               | The reason it hasn't gone away though, despite this often
               | being a very effective approach, is because too many of
               | them hung their hats on Epstein conspiracy theories from
               | 2020 to 2024. It made a lot of people a lot of money and
               | catapulted more than a handful of political careers. Now
               | they have the means to be transparent and they can't make
               | an acceptable excuse not to be since they were all so
               | loudly chest pounding about it, including the vice
               | president himself.
               | 
               | I think almost all the discussions about Epstein are
               | incredibly crass and gross. It's not about the victims or
               | justice, it's about politics. I think there are obviously
               | legitimate reasons to redact portions because we don't
               | want to ruin more lives (not that this was a real good
               | faith attempt at that). But there is still a small part
               | of me that can't help but enjoy watching the Trump
               | administration simmer in the pot they so clearly made for
               | themselves over the last five years.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Gotta be honest, I think this has just been incompetence
               | from top to bottom. But I also think this is a fracture
               | in the trump coalition. It may be that conservative media
               | is trying to move on from Trump which is why the "this is
               | a nothing burger" defense hasn't been deployed as much.
               | 
               | It's clear from early on when they just re-released the
               | same already public docs that the Trump admin thought
               | "Ok, this is over, we can just move on now". But that
               | basically backfired, especially because the expectation
               | from conspiracy theorists was that every single democrat
               | would be implicated. When nothing new came out it drove
               | for more questions and kept this alive as an issue.
               | 
               | Now, I think they are continuing a bungled approach.
               | These partial releases with aggressive redactions are
               | only serving to keep the story alive. Ironically, if
               | they'd complied with the law I could totally see the
               | "this is a nothing burger" defense being something they'd
               | pull off. But now with the seemingly daily revelations of
               | "oh wow, Epstein was friends with famed abuser Nadler!
               | And he said that Trump shared a taste in women!"
               | 
               | These sorts of revelations really mostly only work
               | because they are tied to being "new information just
               | released".
               | 
               | This also puts all conservative media on a backfoot. It's
               | very hard for them to craft any sort of good narrative
               | when every other day we are seeing wild and unexpected
               | things like "Trump may have participated in murdering a
               | baby".
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | Yeah to be clear I don't think they deliberately screwed
               | up, I think they just don't care because they don't need
               | it to be perfect. I think you're right that at its core
               | this is incompetence
        
         | JohnTHaller wrote:
         | All you have to do is work for a MAGA person or MAGA
         | billionaire donor for them to protect you.
        
         | greatgib wrote:
         | He was probably considered as a "victim" of having his crimes
         | exposed...
        
         | sigwinch wrote:
         | He's one of the executors of Epstein's will. Better not piss
         | him off.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | He was Epstein's lawyer, he almost certainly has the dirt on
         | anyone the DoJ wants to protect, and may be the kind of person
         | that would be inclined to burn whoever DoJ was protecting if he
         | wasn't getting treatment at least as favorable.
        
         | ttctciyf wrote:
         | From TFA:
         | 
         | > [Indyke] was hired by the Parlatore Law Group in 2022, before
         | the justice department settled the Epstein case. That firm
         | represents the defense secretary, Pete Hegseth, and previously
         | represented Donald Trump in his defense against charges
         | stemming from the discovery of classified government documents
         | stored at Trump's Florida estate.
         | 
         | So I don't know about "not a Washington person", but clearly
         | connections exist to the current administration.
        
         | mctt wrote:
         | ..."Indyke, an attorney who represented Epstein for decades,
         | has not been criminally indicted by federal authorities. He was
         | hired by the Parlatore Law Group in 2022, before the justice
         | department settled the Epstein case. That firm represents the
         | defense secretary, Pete Hegseth, and previously represented
         | Donald Trump in his defense against charges stemming from the
         | discovery of classified government documents stored at Trump's
         | Florida estate."...
         | 
         | From the Guardian UK https://archive.md/lO08a
        
         | insane_dreamer wrote:
         | Not complicated, he represented Trump.
        
       | Sparkyte wrote:
       | I think this is a good thing. I think the people talking dictator
       | this and that do not understand we have the ability to critique
       | the administration. What we lack is control of the underhanded
       | lobbyism. It is a warped democracy but still a democracy.
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | Bruh they're kidnapping people in the streets. They took over
         | CBS and censored a documentary about CECOT.
        
           | Sparkyte wrote:
           | Warped democracy.
        
           | gosub100 wrote:
           | > They took over CBS
           | 
           | Careful, this will get you labeled an antisemite
        
         | Refreeze5224 wrote:
         | You sure about that?
         | https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2025/12/18/larry-bushart...
         | 
         | Every slide towards authoritarianism is gradual, there is no
         | announcement.
        
       | sublinear wrote:
       | If you think mere human incompetence with documents is bad,
       | imagine all the vibe coded apps.
        
       | digitaltrees wrote:
       | Its not a hack to copy and paste text that is part of the
       | document data. The incompetence of the people responsible to
       | comply with the law doesnt mean its reasonable to label something
       | a hack.
       | 
       | Please change the title.
        
         | weird-eye-issue wrote:
         | If I open your laptop and guess your password then that counts
         | as hacking you in both legal and security terms
         | 
         | You don't need to do some sophisticated thing for it to be
         | considered hacking
        
           | dullcrisp wrote:
           | I guess but if you write something down real small and I
           | squint at it is that still hacking?
        
           | TOMDM wrote:
           | If someone sends me a document with text in it that they
           | meant to remove but didn't and then I read that text, I
           | haven't hacked anything they're just incompetent.
           | 
           | Hacking is unauthorised use of a system. Reading a document
           | that was not adequately redacted can hardly be considered
           | hacking.
        
             | jeffparsons wrote:
             | Or in case some folks find the addition of a computer
             | confusing here, if someone sends you a physical letter and
             | they've used correction tape or a black marker to obscure
             | some parts of the letter, and you scratch away the
             | correction tape or hold the letter up to a light source to
             | read what's underneath, have you committed a crime?
             | 
             | I'm not a lawyer, so I don't know what the law has to say
             | about this. But I do have at least a small handful of brain
             | cells to rub together, so I know what the law _should_ say
             | about this.
        
               | TOMDM wrote:
               | Precisely. If someone wants me to sign a contract on
               | acceptable use of resources (like an agreement not to
               | reverse engineer their software) they send me then that's
               | another thing.
               | 
               | Absent that excluding other default protections like
               | copyright, what I do with it should fall under the
               | assumption of "basically anything".
        
               | prophesi wrote:
               | If this were prior to 2021, I would say the CFAA could be
               | violated so long as the property owner's _intentions_
               | were for that information to only be accessible to
               | certain users. But I think the CFAA has been sufficiently
               | reduced in scope after Van Buren v United States [0]
               | 
               | [0]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Buren_v._United_States
        
             | left-struck wrote:
             | Hacking is not just authorised use of a system. Hacking and
             | hacking techniques can apply to systems you fully own or
             | systems which you are authorised to hack. Hacking is using
             | something in a way that the designer didn't anticipate or
             | intend on.
        
               | digitaltrees wrote:
               | Adobe designed pdf to behave this way. Placing layers
               | over text doesn't remove the text from the file. They
               | have a specific redaction feature for that purpose.
        
               | flufluflufluffy wrote:
               | you telling me when I stick my pen up my nose I'm hacking
               | it?
        
           | koolala wrote:
           | If you were blind would a screen reader read the documents?
           | Thats not a hack.
        
             | an0malous wrote:
             | If your intent was to circumvent the redactions it would be
        
               | digitaltrees wrote:
               | Placing a black box on the text isn't a redaction any
               | more than placing a sticky note would be. No reasonable
               | person can expect a sticky note to permanently prevent
               | readers from seeing text and no reasonable person can
               | expect a black overlay box in pdf to prevent reading text
               | because this is literally a fundamental feature of pdfs
               | as a layer format file
        
           | DrJokepu wrote:
           | I'm not an attorney or anything, but the relevant federal
           | statute is explicitly about unauthorized access of computer
           | systems (18 USC 1030).
           | 
           | Opening someone else's laptop and guessing the password would
           | absolutely fall under that definition, but I think it's very
           | much questionable if poking around a document that you have
           | legitimately obtained would do so.
        
           | reed1234 wrote:
           | But copying and pasting text of publicly released documents
           | is not illegal. Accessing someone's computer is illegal.
           | While maybe it could fall under the umbrella of hacking in
           | some general way, articles, and especially titles, should be
           | more precise.
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | That actually is illegal in some circumstances, for example
             | if the document is protected by copyright.
        
           | digitaltrees wrote:
           | You guessing my password is not the same as a know and
           | expected behavior of a program. Adobe has a specific feature
           | to redact. PDF is a format known to have layers. Lawyers are
           | trained on day one not to make this mistake. (I am a
           | recovering lawyer). This is either incompetence or deliberate
           | disclosure.
        
         | divbzero wrote:
         | Yes, this is the digital equivalent of sticking a blank Post-it
         | over text and calling it "redacted". Mind-boggling that the
         | same mistake has been made over and over again.
        
         | wahnfrieden wrote:
         | Not the only thing hack means now, or the most common usage
         | anymore. See "life hack" - it means unexpected technique.
        
           | valleyer wrote:
           | It's also the meaning used in the title of this very Web
           | site.
        
           | digitaltrees wrote:
           | But this isn't an unexpected technique it's literally the
           | core design of the pdf format. It's a layered format that
           | preserves the layers on any machine. Adobe has a redaction
           | feature to overcome the default behavior that each layer can
           | be accessed even if there is a top layer in front.
        
             | wahnfrieden wrote:
             | Ok
        
         | eviks wrote:
         | Also had this first thought, but then a hack could just be a
         | way around a limit/lack of authorization, doesn't have to be
         | unknown/sophisticated, so copy of black boxes fits
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | > limit/lack of authorization
           | 
           | By serving up the PDF file I am being authorized to receive,
           | view, process, etc etc the entire contents. Not just some
           | limited subset. If I wasn't authorized to receive some
           | portion of the file then that needed to be withheld to begin
           | with.
           | 
           | That's entirely different from gaining unauthorized entry to
           | a system and copying out files that were never publicly
           | available to begin with.
           | 
           | To put it simply, I am not responsible for the other party's
           | incompetence.
        
             | eviks wrote:
             | That's not true, you can mistakenly receive data you're not
             | authorized to have (might even be criminal to have!)
             | 
             | > That's entirely different from gaining unauthorized entry
             | to a system and copying out files that were never publicly
             | available to begin with.
             | 
             | That's not the sum total of hacks, if you have publicly
             | accessible password-protected PDF and guess the password as
             | 1234, that's a hack. Copy& paste of black boxes is
             | similarly a hack around content protection
             | 
             | > To put it simply, I am not responsible for the other
             | party's incompetence.
             | 
             | To put it even simpler, this conversation is not about you
             | and your responsibility, but about the different meanings
             | of the word "hack "
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | > you can mistakenly receive data you're not authorized
               | to have (might even be criminal to have!)
               | 
               | Not the layman, at least to the best of my knowledge.
               | 
               | Yes, certain licensed professionals can be subject to
               | legal obligations in very specific situations. But in
               | general, if you screw up and mail something to me
               | (electronic or otherwise) then that is on you. I am not
               | responsible for your actions.
               | 
               | > if you have publicly accessible password-protected PDF
               | and guess the password as 1234, that's a hack
               | 
               | Sure, I'll agree that the software to break the DRM
               | qualifies as a hack (in the technical work sense). It
               | also might (or might not) rise to the level of "lack of
               | legal authorization". I don't think it should, but the
               | state of laws surrounding DRM make it clear that one
               | probably wouldn't go in my favor.
               | 
               | However that isn't what (I understood) us to be talking
               | about - ie legal authorization as it relates to black box
               | redaction and similar fatally flawed approaches that
               | leave the plain text data directly accessible (and thus
               | my access plainly facilitated by the sender, if
               | inadvertently).
               | 
               | > this conversation is not about ...
               | 
               | You are the only one using the term "hack" here. Please
               | note that I had responded to your "limit/lack of
               | authorization" phrasing. Nothing more.
               | 
               | That said, while we're on the topic I'll note the
               | ambiguity of the term "hack" in this context. Illegal
               | access versus clever but otherwise mundane bit of code
               | (no laws violated). You seem to be failing to clearly
               | differentiate.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > Not the layman, at least to the best of my knowledge.
               | 
               | Are you not aware of content that is criminal to possess?
               | Like CP is the most common example.
               | 
               | > I am not responsible for your actions.
               | 
               | I've already addressed this confusion of yours - this is
               | NOT about your responsibility for someone else's actions,
               | but about your own actions and whether they constitute a
               | "hack".
               | 
               | > You are the only one using the term "hack" here. Please
               | note that I had responded to your "limit/lack of
               | authorization" phrasing. Nothing more.
               | 
               | Please open a dictionary for the word hack to understand
               | this conversation! And note the word "authorization" in
               | the definition.
               | 
               | > However that isn't what (I understood) us to be talking
               | about - ie legal authorization
               | 
               | Understandably you're confused, the legal limit is your
               | own making, authorization is way broader than that.
               | 
               | > I'll note the ambiguity of the term "hack" in this
               | context
               | 
               | Exactly!!! Keep looking into the definition to resolve
               | the ambiguity!
               | 
               | > You seem to be failing to clearly differentiate
               | 
               | No, your differentiation is wrong
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | You realize we just went from (the legal equivalent of)
               | "I accidentally mailed you my tax return" to "I
               | accidentally mailed you a bomb". Like yeah, it remains
               | illegal to retain possession of said bomb irrespective of
               | the fact that someone intentionally sent it. That is ...
               | not at all surprising?
               | 
               | Beyond that you're clearly just trolling at this point,
               | going to great lengths to manufacture an argument about a
               | term that I never used to begin with. "Lack of
               | authorization" has a clear legal meaning whereas "hack"
               | does not.
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | > That is ... not at all surprising?
               | 
               | For the 3rd time, this conversation is not about YOU and
               | not about what surprises you!
               | 
               | > "Lack of authorization" has a clear legal meaning
               | whereas "hack" does not.
               | 
               | No, you've made up this limit to some "legal meaning"
               | (also wrong here, large variety there as well but
               | wouldn't want to endulge you further). Again, open up a
               | dictionary on "hack", then follow the definition of
               | "authorization" from there, if you only find "legal" in
               | there, get a better dictionary, journalists / commenters
               | are usually not lawyers, so they wouldn't accept your
               | artificial legal limits on meaning!
        
               | user_7832 wrote:
               | > Beyond that you're clearly just trolling at this point
               | 
               | I think this is the greatest proof of the simultaneous
               | validity of two different arguments. Disclaimer, I'm
               | assuming (I think fairly) that you're in good faith.
               | 
               | The funny thing is, to me, the other commenter's
               | arguments are quite clear/obvious to me and make sense.
               | Not that your points are wrong - but... I'm 99% sure the
               | other person isn't trolling in the slightest. Y'all are
               | just talking across each other.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | > Y'all are just talking across each other.
               | 
               | Initially, perhaps. However note that my attempts to
               | clarify exactly that are repeatedly followed by
               | misconstruing my position. It's not so much that we
               | disagree as that the supposed disagreement is about
               | things I never said. The repeated failure to respond to
               | what was actually said coupled with the combative tone is
               | pretty much the definition of trolling. Of course that
               | term does assume intent to an extent - if he's just
               | having a bad day I'm not sure that _technically_
               | qualifies. The end result is the same though.
               | 
               | BTW if you feel I've missed some insightful point of his
               | do please elaborate.
        
             | pipo234 wrote:
             | For starts, wouldn't it be kind of ironic to set up
             | _limits_ and _authorization_ in a context that is about
             | making some content available to the public?
             | 
             | I'd say any technical or legal restrictions or possible
             | means to enforce DRM ought to be disabled or absent from
             | the media format used when disseminating content that must
             | be disclosed.
             | 
             | Censorship (of necessary) should purge the data
             | entirely,ie: replace by ###
        
         | reed1234 wrote:
         | And the title should briefly describe the "hack" as well
        
         | left-struck wrote:
         | Hacking is any use of a technology in a way that it wasn't
         | intended. The redaction is so stupid as to almost appear
         | intentional, so maybe you're right, this isn't hacking because
         | maybe the information was intended to be discovered.
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | It's being "undone with the lamest hack known to mankind."
         | 
         | Still technically a hack.
        
           | digitaltrees wrote:
           | It's not a hack. It's known, expected behavior of the
           | program. Adobe has a specific feature to redact. Color filled
           | boxes is not it.
        
             | themafia wrote:
             | A dictionary definition: "use a computer to gain
             | unauthorized access to data in a system."
             | 
             | This isn't about knowledge or expectations. They didn't use
             | colored boxes to jazz up the presentation, they _intended_
             | to prevent you from reading it, and now you can, with this,
             | again incredibly _lame_ almost meaningless even-my-five-
             | year-old-could-do this "hack."
        
         | caminante wrote:
         | _> Please change the title._
         | 
         | HN discourages editorializing headlines.
         | 
         | While I wouldn't call it a "hack," common usage even here on HN
         | isn't limited to "to gain illegal access to (a computer
         | network, system, etc.)" [0]
         | 
         | [0] https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hack
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | "hacks"
       | 
       | copy and paste people, the idiots have taken over
        
       | NuclearPM wrote:
       | There are people here that would still vote for these evil
       | people.
        
       | vincengomes wrote:
       | "Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake" -
       | Napoleon Bonaparte
       | 
       | Let all the files get released first.
       | 
       | Then show your hacks.
        
         | esseph wrote:
         | Too late. The data has been touched far too many times. The
         | chain of custody and any accountability will never happen.
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | They're not 'hacks' it's the people doing the redaction making
         | beginner mistakes of not properly removing the selectable text
         | under the redactions. They're either drawing black rectangles
         | over the text or highlighting it black neither of which
         | prevents the underlying text from being selected.
         | 
         | Keeping that secret would require sponaneous silence from
         | everyone looking at these docs which is just not possible.
        
           | irjustin wrote:
           | Yes but don't tell them they're doing it wrong.
        
             | agumonkey wrote:
             | Misdirection 101
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | Impossible which is the point of the last sentence.
             | Spontaneous secrecy when some people are discovering the
             | bad redactions while publicly streaming is impossible.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | Also don't assume the mistake wasn't intentional.
        
           | chistev wrote:
           | "Never ascribe to malice that which is adequately explained
           | by incompetence."
        
             | 9dev wrote:
             | Exactly my thoughts as well.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | This was my initial reaction to this news. I mean think about
           | it
           | 
           | The Trump team _knows_ that nobody is gonna buy whatever they
           | put out as being the full story. Isn 't this just the
           | _perfect_ way to make people feel like they got something
           | they weren 't supposed to see? They can increase trust in the
           | output without having to increase trust in the source of it
           | 
           | And as far as I've heard there hasn't been anything
           | "unredacted" that's been of any consequence. It all just
           | feels a little too perfect.
        
             | gmueckl wrote:
             | This is probably one of those events where everyone on the
             | inside has their own story that won't fit into a neat
             | overarching narrative of how the files are handled because
             | they only gets to feel part of the elefant each.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | That was my thought. Just happen to leak some info for
             | people you are interested in hurting but claim it was an
             | accident.
             | 
             | And in terms of no big news in "unredacted", it's likely
             | names that don't mean anything to the average voter but
             | damaging material for K Street.
        
             | kristofferR wrote:
             | No, it's the opposite, it's fairly damaging. Previously
             | they could claim, dubiously but plausible, that all
             | redactions were about protecting victims (the only
             | redactions allowed under the act). A lot of the "undone
             | redactions" are solely about protecting the abusers,
             | illegal under the law.
             | 
             | Whether breaking a law actually matters anymore is another
             | question though, as crime is legal now.
        
               | themafia wrote:
               | Crime may go unpunished by this is why statues of
               | limitations exist. The window on some crimes stays open
               | for a very long time.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | "Some" is 99% crimes against the state with the
               | occasional bone they throw the peasants to look like they
               | care. Heck, murder probably wouldn't even be unlimited if
               | not for the fact that it thumbs it's nose at the state's
               | monopoly on violence.
        
               | themafia wrote:
               | That's seems like some rather bleak hyperbole. If the
               | goal of a conversation is to seek some improvement above
               | the status quo then this is a solid impasse.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | The problems we face can't be accurately assessed let
               | alone solved if we are limited to thinking and reasoning
               | about the government (and large institutions generally)
               | the way we are taught to by our grade school civics
               | class.
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | > as crime is legal now
               | 
               | If _they_ do it, it 's not a crime.
        
             | aucisson_masque wrote:
             | It's the same government that invited a journalist to a
             | signal discussion about ongoing military strike in Yemen.
        
               | h33t-l4x0r wrote:
               | Maybe that was just a ploy to get us to underestimate
               | them.
        
               | Natfan wrote:
               | consider Hanlon's Razor
        
             | pstuart wrote:
             | As others have mentioned, the administration is staffed and
             | run by loyalists, whose primary skills are flattery and
             | obedience.
             | 
             | Back in the day they had true masters of the Dark Arts. The
             | forged letters about Bush's service were incredibly
             | convenient in helping Bush beat Kerry. I am not alone in
             | thinking it to be masterminded by Karl Rove.
        
         | javcasas wrote:
         | Please share your redacting tricks as loudly as you can, but
         | only the ones that allow retrieving the original text. I'd love
         | Google and the AIs to spout bad censoring tricks as much as
         | possible.
        
         | IncreasePosts wrote:
         | There's enough people who would do it for the clout and don't
         | really care what is in the documents one way or the other.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | The whole thing is just too suspicious. Too good to be true.
         | What's the chance of this being some 4D chess where the
         | government has already edited the files, and then presented
         | them as redacted so the "unredacted (but edited)" version looks
         | more genuine?
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | > What's the chance of this being some 4D chess where the
           | government has already edited the files, and then presented
           | them as redacted so the "unredacted (but edited)" version
           | looks more genuine?
           | 
           | With how they have pushed out any career public servants who
           | were good at their jobs in favor of sycophants and loyalists,
           | I'm not sure government organizations are still capable of
           | playing 4D chess, if they ever were.
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Ctrl-c and ctrl-v are not hacks.
       | 
       | They are unredacted because either those in charge are not
       | familiar with basic office tasks, or someone wanted this stuff to
       | leak and nobody checked thier work. Either brand of incompetance
       | should cause heads to roll. But, just like the signal fiasco,
       | nothing will happen. When your brand is perfection, you cannot
       | ever admit a mistake.
        
       | sva_ wrote:
       | Am I crazy or didn't the same thing happen with Epstein's phone
       | book some years ago? Coincidence?
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Part of me wonders whether they had some of the text under the
       | "redactions" changed too.
        
       | spacecadet wrote:
       | It has become more plausible that nothing of value was released
       | and the level of obviously poor redaction was done as a tarpit to
       | own the libs.
        
       | cryptoegorophy wrote:
       | There is a book by Richard Dawkins- I am me I am free or
       | something like that, and it has a main picture of Richard
       | standing naked and having a private part being covered by black
       | rectangle but somehow my laptop back then was slow and when you
       | scrolled it would temporary remove the square for a split second
        
         | gjm11 wrote:
         | Are you sure? I can't find any trace of any book by Richard
         | Dawkins with a title much like that, and that doesn't seem like
         | a very on-brand sort of cover pic for a book by him, and an
         | image search for "Richard Dawkins book cover" doesn't turn up
         | anything like it.
        
           | poglet wrote:
           | Most likely "I Am Me, I Am Free: The Robot's Guide to
           | Freedom. - David Icke"
        
             | xnorswap wrote:
             | Confusing David "The monarchy are secretly lizards" Icke
             | with Dawkins is astonishing.
             | 
             | More "info": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptilian_conspi
             | racy_theory#Da...
        
             | cryptoegorophy wrote:
             | Omg. I am such an idiot!
        
       | binary132 wrote:
       | ah yes, "hacks"
        
       | pfannkuchen wrote:
       | Stupid question: why is the government even allowed to redact
       | stuff? Isn't the government keeping secrets from the people
       | totally antithetical to democracy?
        
         | red75prime wrote:
         | It's not the government, it's the department of justice. To
         | name two: protection of witnesses, protection of state secrets
         | ("the people" is not a person who can keep secrets).
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | Is the Department of Justice not a part of the government?
        
             | sigwinch wrote:
             | It's not the body which decides whether something is
             | secret. It reactively redacts secrets and its own OIG is
             | empowered to realign that logic.
             | 
             | As of February, it's sensible to ask if there's an OIG.
        
           | pfannkuchen wrote:
           | Right, I'm aware of the excuses the government uses to keep
           | secrets.
           | 
           | But on principle, what right does the government have to keep
           | secrets from its own people? I don't believe we had that
           | button at the founding, it was added somewhere along the way.
           | I'm asking what is the justification for this, and whether in
           | the grand scheme of things that outweighs the principle of
           | the government not being a separate entity from the people.
           | 
           | There are multiple ways to approach witness protection. For
           | example if we have a problem with witnesses being harmed we
           | could make being involved with witness harm at any layer of
           | indirection a capital offense. We can probably think of other
           | options besides the government being allowed to keep secrets
           | from its own people.
        
             | rgblambda wrote:
             | >I don't believe we had that button at the founding
             | 
             | Every government everywhere has and has always had state
             | secrets e.g. names of spies.
             | 
             | >make being involved with witness harm at any layer of
             | indirection a capital offense.
             | 
             | People still commit capital offenses. This just makes it
             | much easier to get to that witness and get away. We also
             | know from empirical evidence that the death penalty is not
             | useful for deterring crime.
             | 
             | Witness protection is also getting to start over without
             | everyone in your neighborhood knowing you were a criminal.
             | It's part of the deal.
        
             | reed1234 wrote:
             | Should the military publish plans before the battle? Should
             | witness protection programs be public record?
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | The power/right came from national security legislation
             | written and enacted by elected officials. Because we have a
             | government that works by proxy, it means that the leaders
             | we elect are effectively supposed to represent the people
             | they serve (that's the ideal. Obviously we've fallen WAY
             | short of that).
             | 
             | Pragmatically, I think it's easy to recognize that the
             | government should be allowed to have some secrets from the
             | public. I think the clearest and most extreme example is
             | the details of our nuclear armaments.
             | 
             | But the question of where the line is is a tricky one. IMO,
             | we definitely allow the government far more secrets than it
             | should have.
        
         | tequila_shot wrote:
         | Because the redaction was only supposed to protect the victims.
        
           | drdaeman wrote:
           | Competence and possibility of malicious compliance are
           | interesting questions, but I think the more appropriate
           | question is if DoJ will be sued for violating the law by
           | redacting unrelated content?
        
         | Synaesthesia wrote:
         | It's up to us to keep the government accountable. Democracy
         | does if we don't put pressure on the government and participate
         | actively in politics.
        
         | moi2388 wrote:
         | Because some are allegations without proof, and some are names
         | of people who are victims. They have a right to privacy
        
           | tor825gl wrote:
           | It's not correct that there is a legal duty to redact names
           | of people who might be accused of wrongdoing, but where the
           | allegations haven't been proved.
           | 
           | The only two reasons that redactions are allowed are a) to
           | protect the privacy of victims and b) to protect the
           | integrity on ongoing investigations.
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | The TL;DR:
         | 
         | - To protect victims
         | 
         | - Redact people that are currently under investigation
         | 
         | But here they are clearly blacking out potential co-
         | conspirators, without them being under investigation or having
         | been charged with anything.
         | 
         | Seems like they are just backing out powerful people not to
         | embarrass or implicate them.
        
         | sinuhe69 wrote:
         | To protect innocent people for examples, or to not reveal some
         | secrets.
        
           | viccis wrote:
           | Some of these don't feel like they fall into those. For
           | example in [1], on page 41, I can't imagine how that
           | redaction fits either.
           | 
           | 1: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/1HFqpFLOJgYLiAg
           | jT...
        
       | BigParm wrote:
       | I wonder if it's purposeful misdirection
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | I don't think so.
         | 
         | They had 30 days to process 10s of thousands of documents. The
         | rumors floating around is they had to pull in people from other
         | departments to work on the task.
         | 
         | It's pretty plausible that someone thought a black highlighter
         | was good enough for redaction.
        
       | thinkcomp wrote:
       | I love how the entire internet thinks that this is a big deal
       | when all that happened is that USDOJ re-posted some poorly-
       | redacted court documents that were poorly redacted by non-USDOJ
       | attorneys more than three years ago.
       | 
       | Yes, USDOJ is incompetent and dysfunctional, but this is not why.
       | But sure, whatever, carry on...
        
       | OneMorePerson wrote:
       | It's funny seeing this play out because in my personal life
       | anytime I'm sharing a sensitive document where someone needs to
       | see part of it but I don't want them to see the rest that's not
       | relevant, I'll first block out/redact the text I don't want them
       | to see (covering it, using a redacting highlighter thing, etc.),
       | and then I'll screenshot the page and make that image a PDF.
       | 
       | I always felt paranoid (without any real evidence, just a guess)
       | that there would always be a chance that anything done in
       | software could be reversed somehow.
        
         | crossroadsguy wrote:
         | This is what I do while sharing such images. I crop out those
         | parts first and then take another screenshot. I do not even
         | risk painting over and then take another screenshot. I have
         | been doing this forever.
        
         | agentifysh wrote:
         | it's absolutely bewildering how ridiculous everything has been
         | so far in terms of competence and this really takes the cherry
         | on the top near Christmas too.
         | 
         | how much lower can they go ?!
        
           | lostlogin wrote:
           | The really interesting bit is whether they can go another
           | term.
        
             | vanviegen wrote:
             | They seem to be ahead of schedule abolishing a working
             | democracy before the midterms.
        
           | coldstartops wrote:
           | Maybe it was always part of the plan. Plausible Deniability.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Good Soldier Svejk working at the FBI decided to follow an
             | illegal order as badly as possible.
        
           | yetihehe wrote:
           | USA is still very high, so they can go much much lower, but I
           | think they might go to some still lower places, finding them
           | where we didn't even know such places could exist. Some
           | ideas:
           | 
           | - Leave NATO
           | 
           | - Start openly supporting Russia and North Korea
           | 
           | - Arrest whole International Criminal Court
           | 
           | - Preventively invade China
        
             | baby wrote:
             | I'm convinced slavery will be reintroduced before 2028
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Slavery has never been illegal in the US. The 13th
               | amendment leaves slavery legal as punishment for a crime.
               | The US has the highest rate of crime punishment in the
               | world (higher than places like North Korea), an industry
               | that profits by selling slave labour of those punished
               | criminals, and known ties between those who profit from
               | selling slave labour and those who decide how many things
               | should be crimes.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Oh also this isn't some quiet conspiracy or anything
               | because the Union of correctional facility officers will
               | openly say that things like legalizing recreational
               | marijuana will hurt them, so they oppose it.
               | 
               | Same with cops.
               | 
               | They also oppose removing things like three strikes laws
               | that haven't done a damn thing to make our country
               | "safer" or better.
        
               | 3D30497420 wrote:
               | It never fully went away:
               | 
               | * https://www.hcn.org/articles/agriculture-farmers-turn-
               | to-pri...
               | 
               | * https://www.law.georgetown.edu/environmental-law-
               | review/blog...
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | It's not a slave if you just rent them from the cartels.
               | /s
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Fully enshrined in the constitution with massive support
               | for the document. Just need to imprison them for
               | something first.
        
               | UniverseHacker wrote:
               | I know you're joking, but grievance over the loss of
               | slavery after the civil war is privately one of the major
               | drivers behind Trumps extremely loyal core supporters.
        
             | rurban wrote:
             | Reintroduce witch burning.
             | 
             | Reintroduce death penalties on public squares.
             | 
             | Taking Greenland and Venezuela is given, as they took most
             | of Latin America already. Just the new Mexican president
             | looks like the next thorn in their eyes. Too competent, too
             | social, too anti-corruption.
        
               | darubedarob wrote:
               | They had one in bangladesh the other day.
        
             | ThePowerOfFuet wrote:
             | >Start openly supporting Russia
             | 
             | Already done.
        
             | ycombigrator wrote:
             | Trump is a born banana Republic dictator...
        
               | user____name wrote:
               | I like to refer to MAGA as Banana Republicans.
        
             | RonanSoleste wrote:
             | They effectively already left NATO and openly support
             | Russia already. ICC members are already under fire and some
             | had their microsoft account banned by Trump. Trump will
             | invade Greenland and Canada first. China is less of an
             | priority.
        
               | rcbdev wrote:
               | > They effectively already left NATO
               | 
               | What the fuck are you talking about? Someone should tell
               | Russia.
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | NATO works by projecting a united force. Nations
               | unconditionally backing each other up. The USA is now
               | clearly no longer a part of that. That's not to say that
               | the USA will do nothing if a NATO member is attacked. It
               | might. Or not.
        
               | SirHumphrey wrote:
               | One can only imagine what America not fighting an attack
               | on NATO member would have on nuclear proliferation.
        
               | thuridas wrote:
               | Europe is already considering to have a nuclear shield.
               | 
               | This is because if Trump
        
               | ArnoVW wrote:
               | No need to consider. The UK and France have nukes. France
               | even has a two-tier response. Not enough to vitrify
               | Russia or China five times over, but enough to make them
               | reconsider.
        
               | everyone wrote:
               | Any country without nukes, that is not currently
               | developing them, is stupid imo.. Nukes are the only thing
               | that can guarantee sovereignty now. Ukraine gave up their
               | nukes.
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | Do you believe the existing nuclear powers will just
               | allow any country to join their ranks without a fight?
        
               | RobotToaster wrote:
               | We're currently in the position of the USA threatening to
               | attack a NATO member (Denmark)
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Limiting Nuclear proliferation was already fucked.
               | 
               | Trump tore up Iran's "we won't do nukes" deal, doesn't
               | matter whether you think they were genuine or not, it
               | demonstrates we will go back on a deal so our word isn't
               | worth anything.
               | 
               | Ukraine shows that the west will not actually protect you
               | like they claim, so your only option is getting nukes to
               | really deter people.
               | 
               | North Korea and Pakistan demonstrate that you can pretty
               | much do whatever you want with just a couple nukes, the
               | west will cower in fear over idle threats.
               | 
               | No country would look at any of this and conclude that
               | they have any choice _but_ to build nukes to protect
               | themselves.
        
               | jonnybgood wrote:
               | For much of NATO history, the US is NATO. The US doesn't
               | want it to be like that anymore because it needs to
               | strategically shift to the other side of the world. So,
               | the US says "What if Europe can be NATO? If we can force
               | them to meet the GDP commitment then maybe we don't need
               | to worry about them too much and commit less of our own
               | resources to this theater." But of course people
               | interpret this as if the US is abandoning the alliance.
               | No, the US just has other problems to deal with in the
               | world.
        
               | benterix wrote:
               | Well, the very fact that we are even discussing it means
               | Trump already weakened NATO as an alliance.
        
               | ChocolateGod wrote:
               | The US has been the biggest opponent to a European (or
               | EU) army, fearing loss of influence and control. It was
               | very much in US interest at the time.
        
               | exceptione wrote:
               | That is the rationalization, but don't be surprised if
               | the US would not confront China at all.
               | 
               | The main flow of capital in the US had been going to the
               | mil.industry, but that is not the case anymore. It is
               | mainly surveillance tech that is receiving capital. In a
               | very unhealthy economy, this all looks eerily pre-'30s.
               | 
               | The US, right now, is only threatening weak countries,
               | they don't have the industrial power to confront China,
               | nor do they want it. This shouldn't be a surprise, some
               | ideologues behind this maga-project belief in an America
               | from one pole to the other. They believe in "spheres of
               | influence", and as such China has their own sphere of
               | influence. A sphere of influence means a kind of colony,
               | where natural resources, people and industry are all
               | resources to be extracted by them. It is the Russian
               | model, it is the model of criminal mobs, it is might
               | makes right, it is a multi-polar world.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, re-industrialization projects have been
               | scrapped, partners have been scared of, and tariffs have
               | hit the industry that was still left in America.
               | 
               | Monopolists are parasites on the economy, and the US is
               | already very weakened from that. As the Japanese said,
               | the US is still a great power, but the throne is empty. I
               | suspect there will be skirmishes with other "great
               | powers" over exploitable resources like Africa, Middle
               | East, Europe, but I don't expect the current crop to go
               | all-in on China.
        
               | vanviegen wrote:
               | Yes, the US has always been the driving force behind
               | NATO. It provides close to 40% of the combined military
               | personnel, and an even higher portion of military
               | spending.
               | 
               | No longer committing to defend other NATO countries, even
               | if their military spending exceeds the target, _is_
               | abandoning the alliance though. NATO is little else than
               | that commitment.
        
               | wisty wrote:
               | There's a left wing cooker conspiracy theory that the guy
               | who gave Ukraine the Javalin anti tank missiles and
               | forced NATO to increase military spending to 5% of GDP is
               | actually a secret Russian agent.
        
               | alimw wrote:
               | You literally just used NATO for a grouping that does not
               | include the US.
        
               | wisty wrote:
               | Can you rephrase what I said without "literally using
               | NATO for a grouping that does not include the US"?
               | 
               | I didn't even mention the US lol, I think you're paranoid
               | but please, correct me ...
               | 
               | I mean, I didn't phrase it as Trump being a part of NATO,
               | but he's not actually a country.
        
               | alimw wrote:
               | Oops I guess if this is as much sense as you can make
               | then there wasn't much point in my trying to parse your
               | comment in the first place.
        
               | wisty wrote:
               | I didn't group NATO and the US separately. You thought I
               | did, but I didn't and you just hadn't read properly.
               | 
               | I waffled a bit in my reply to not rub it in too hard.
               | 
               | And do you want to contribute with something other than
               | nitpick or insult?
               | 
               | Do YOU think that an informed and intelligent person can
               | conclude that Trump is secretly a Russian agent, given he
               | was the driving force behind a massive hike in NATO
               | spending (which Putin really hates)?
               | 
               | I'm not calling Trump competent, or consistent, or
               | benevolent. You can say he has a weird crushed on Putin
               | and is easily manipulated and corrupt.
               | 
               | You can even suggest a lot of the MAGA people who
               | surround Trump are actually working for Russia, since
               | Russia tries to influence a lot of groups and Trump's
               | cronies (and the influencers Trump listens to) are often
               | compromised.
               | 
               | But do you think Trump is actually consistently taking
               | orders from Putin because of some kind of leverage Putin
               | has? Because people say this constantly and it's (in my
               | opinion) almost as embarrassing as Republicans and the
               | Pizza conspiracy. Trump has done some things that are
               | increadibly damaging to Russia, and blackmail doesn't
               | work on a pathological liar with no sense of shame.
               | 
               | I'm sure you're smart enough to agree with pretty much
               | all of this. But you disingenuously attack me because I'm
               | attacking people who are on your side, even if you would
               | privately admit they are dumb.
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | Support for NATO within the US is Isreal-lite for different
             | demographics. Pouring resources into it isn't without
             | downsides.
        
           | imiric wrote:
           | I'm not too concerned about the US. They've made their bed.
           | 
           | I'm more concerned with them dragging everyone else down, and
           | someone much worse taking their place.
        
             | tsunamifury wrote:
             | Pray tell what western country right now isn't in the same
             | position?
        
           | darubedarob wrote:
           | This low
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_abuse_in_Pakistan aka a
           | society where child abuse is simply accepted and mainstream,
           | with the child abuse of child labour and dhijhadism being
           | just additional nightmare fuel on top.
        
             | bamboozled wrote:
             | If we survive long enough I do believe historians will look
             | back on this period and state as a matter of fact, rape and
             | child abuse were completely acceptable, because it seems
             | it's totally fine with our elected leaders. If these
             | leaders were democratically elected there is only one
             | conclusion to draw from it...
        
         | reed1234 wrote:
         | And even being this careful, if the opacity is slightly off it
         | could be undone
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | I'll just send an image and not bother with a PDF.
         | 
         | (Note there's also other metadata in a PDF, which you may not
         | want your recipient to know either.)
        
           | PeterStuer wrote:
           | There's also metadata in the image files. What specifically
           | would be sensitive in the pdf with screenshots metadata that
           | is also not present in the sceenshot image metadata?
        
             | userbinator wrote:
             | PDF has something called an "info dictionary", which most
             | mainstream PDF-writing software will fill out with various
             | bits of info that you might not want known.
             | 
             | Image files usually have substantially less metadata by
             | default, unless it's one taken by a camera.
        
               | morshu9001 wrote:
               | Screenshots specifically tend to have very little
               | metadata
        
         | ge96 wrote:
         | The one that was crazy to me is undoing a blur effect (based on
         | its algo), so yeah I also will layer and screenshot something
        
         | GistNoesis wrote:
         | If it's not done properly, and you happen at any point in the
         | chain to put black blocks on a compressed image (and PDF do
         | compress internal images), you are leaking some bits of
         | information in the shadow casted by the compression algorithm :
         | (Self-plug : https://github.com/unrealwill/jpguncrop )
        
           | RamRodification wrote:
           | I was thinking I understand what's going on but then I came
           | to the image showing the diff and I don't understand at all
           | how that diff can unredact anything.
        
             | OtherShrezzing wrote:
             | It's not that you can unredact them from scratch (you could
             | never get the blue circle back from this software). It's
             | that you can tell which of the redacted images is which of
             | the origin images. Investigative teams often find
             | themselves in a situation where they have all four images,
             | but need to work out which redacted files are which of the
             | origins. Take for example, where headed paper is otherwise
             | entirely redacted.
             | 
             | So with this technique, you can definitively say "Redacted-
             | file-A is definitely a redacted version of Origin-file-A".
             | Super useful for identifying forgeries in a stack of
             | otherwise legitimate files.
             | 
             | Also good for for saying "the date on origin-file-B is
             | 1993, and the file you've presented as evidence is provable
             | as origin-file-b, so you definitely know of [whatever
             | event] in 1993".
        
               | RamRodification wrote:
               | Ok thanks. That sounds reasonable.
               | 
               |  _>... and therefore you can unredact them_
               | 
               | from that readme is just not true then I guess?
        
               | user34283 wrote:
               | I mean, even the "crop" isn't used at all correctly, is
               | it?
               | 
               | I think the word should be "redact".
        
           | GistNoesis wrote:
           | And that's just in the non-adversarial simple case.
           | 
           | If you don't know the provenance of images you are putting
           | black box on (for example because of a rogue employee
           | intentionally wanting to leak them, or if the image sensor of
           | your target had been compromised to leak some info by another
           | team), your redaction can be rendered ineffective, as some
           | images can be made uncroppable by construction .
           | 
           | (Self-plug : https://github.com/unrealwill/uncroppable )
           | 
           | And also be aware that compression is hiding everywhere :
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_sensing
        
             | layla5alive wrote:
             | Right, using stenography to encode some parity bits into an
             | image so that lost information can be reconstructed seems
             | like an obvious approach - all sorts of approaches you
             | could use, akin to FEC. Haven't looked at your site yet,
             | will be interested to see what you've built :)
             | 
             | Edit: I checked it out, nice, I like the lower res
             | stenography approach, can work very nicely with good
             | upscaling filters - gave it a star :)
        
               | 333c wrote:
               | steganography -- stenography is courtroom transcription
        
               | helterskelter wrote:
               | People protect their secrets from stenographers with
               | steganography.
        
             | ThePowerOfFuet wrote:
             | >Let's crop it anyway
             | 
             | That is not cropping.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cropping_(image)
             | 
             | >Cropping is the removal of unwanted _outer_ areas from a
             | photographic or illustrated image.
        
               | GistNoesis wrote:
               | Please forgive my outside the box use of word.
               | 
               | I used it at the time as a reference to the "PNG
               | aCropalypse" (
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35208721 where I
               | originally shared it in a comment).
               | 
               | The algorithm does also work if you remove the outer
               | areas of the photo.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | Somewhat related, I once sent a FOI request to a government
           | agency that decided the most secure way to redact documents
           | was to print them, use a permanent marker, and then scan
           | them. Unfortunately they used dye based markers over laser
           | print, so simply throwing the document into Photoshop and
           | turning up the contrast made it readable.
        
             | cout wrote:
             | I remember noticing that a teacher in high school had used
             | white-out to hide the marks for the correct multiple choice
             | answer on final exam practice questions before copying
             | them. Then she literally cut-and-pasted questions from the
             | practice questions for the final. I did mediocre on the
             | essay, but got the highest score in the class on the
             | multiple choice questions, because I could see little black
             | dots where the white out was used.
        
           | OneMorePerson wrote:
           | I'm trying to understand this cause it sounds fascinating but
           | I don't get it. I don't have an advanced understanding of
           | compression so that might be part of why.
           | 
           | If you compare an image to another image, you could guess by
           | compression what is under the blocked part, that makes some
           | sense to me conceptually, what I don't get is for the PDF
           | specifically why does it compressing the black boxes I put
           | have any risk? It's compressing the internal image which is
           | just the black box part? Or are you saying the whole
           | screenshot is an internal image?
        
         | tetha wrote:
         | Personally, I only trust an image manipulation tool to put down
         | solid colored blocks, or something that does not involve the
         | source pixels when deciding on the redacted pixel. Formats like
         | PDF are just so complicated to trust.
        
         | prameshbajra wrote:
         | I feel the same and do the same.
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | Me too.
        
         | 9dev wrote:
         | In practical terms, a more convenient way to achieve this is
         | just printing the document to a PDF, which rasterises the
         | visible layer into what the printer would see. Most pdf tools
         | support this.
        
           | vanviegen wrote:
           | That seems like a dangerous approach. Though printer drivers
           | do often use rasterization, especially when targeting cheap
           | printers, many printers can render vector graphics and text
           | as well. Print-to-PDF will often use the later approach,
           | unless of course the source program always rasterizes it's
           | output when sending it out to the printer driver, or the used
           | Print-to-PDF driver is particularly stupid.
        
           | OneMorePerson wrote:
           | You can, but I don't trust software for these types of niche
           | but critical tasks hah. Next thing I know I'd be reading a
           | headline about how "bug in print to PDF actually retains XYZ
           | metadata"
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | I then convert the image to grayscale only. Then I apply a
         | filter so that only 16 colors are used. And I then adjust
         | brightness/contrast so that "white is really white". It's all
         | scripted: "screenshot to PDF". One of my oldest shell script.
         | 
         | 16 shades of grey (not 50) is plenty enough for text to still
         | be smooth.
         | 
         | I do it for several reasons, one of them being I often take
         | manual notes on official documents (which infuriates my wife
         | btw) but then sometimes I need to then scan the documents and
         | send them (local IRS / notary / bank / whatever). So I'll just
         | scan then I'll fill rectangle with white where I took
         | handnotes. Another reason is when there's paper printed on two
         | sides, at scan times sometimes if the paper is thin / ink is
         | thick, the other side shall show.
         | 
         | I wonder how that'd work vs adversarial inputs: never really
         | thought about it.
        
           | nubg wrote:
           | care to share the script?
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Maybe the person tasked with the redacting didn't agree so they
         | chose the worst possible way to do it.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | Normally, I'd never attribute to intention what can be blamed
           | on incompetence. Especially if the government is doing it.
           | But sure, if I were the intern tasked with this job...
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | > Especially if the government is doing it.
             | 
             | Also if doing it right means more work?
        
         | jwrallie wrote:
         | I learned that a long time ago when I was a student and wanted
         | to submit a pdf generated by a trial version of some software
         | as an assignment and was trying to be clever and cover the
         | watermark that said unregistered with a white box.
         | 
         | When opening the file in my slow computer, I could see all the
         | rendering of the watermark happening in slow motion until the
         | white box would pop up on top of the text.
        
           | tor825gl wrote:
           | It's actually quite easy to open the pdf and see that there
           | are several different elements per page to the document, eg
           | the main text, an image, the footer, the title.
           | 
           | Randomly removing these by trial and error will usually quite
           | easily allow you to find the watermark and nix it, with the
           | advantage that even a sophisticated recipient will not be
           | able to find out from the pdf file what the watermark was.
        
           | barrkel wrote:
           | When I was a student, and using a shareware or trial version
           | of some software and wanted some printed output from it
           | without a watermark, I printed to postscript (chose a printer
           | that supported postscript and the driver used it instead of
           | rasterized images), but using a file instead of a printer.
           | 
           | I could then open up the postscript, delete the commands that
           | rendered the watermark, save it, then I converted it to PDF
           | so it would be easy to print.
        
             | kccqzy wrote:
             | You don't need PostScript for that. The PDF text commands
             | are Tj and TJ, and rarely ' and ". They are easy to delete
             | without going through PostScript. Tj means showing a simple
             | text string. TJ means showing an array of strings possibly
             | with space adjustments. ' means moving to the next line and
             | showing a simple string. " means doing that and setting
             | character spacing.
        
       | NicoJuicy wrote:
       | A mafia state puts loyalists on top and can't produce anything (
       | smart people leave) and smart people who think for their own
       | can't be promoted.
       | 
       | That's also why a mafia extorts and doesn't run complex
       | businesses in general.
       | 
       | Perhaps the US can survive this administration. But somewhere
       | down the line it will become broken.
        
         | rurban wrote:
         | The non-complex mafia businesses is moot since the 50ies
         | already. They run Vegas, most of big sports leagues, politics,
         | secret services and restaurant chains. Everything which can
         | effectively wash money.
        
       | eBombzor wrote:
       | This site has really gone downhill lately with drivel like this
       | being upvoted. Any real developers on this site anymore?
        
         | supermatt wrote:
         | Regardless of the content itself, naive redaction of a high
         | profile PDF still exposing the text contents is something that
         | seems relevant to the community. Maybe you are in the wrong
         | place?
        
       | scirob wrote:
       | Man if you can do this should keep it secret until they release
       | more bad redactions...
        
       | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
       | "hacks" lol. Next, ctl+alt+del and it's equivalents are gonna be
       | called arcane theurgy
        
         | pinkmuffinere wrote:
         | Hacks don't have to be pretty -- if it works it works. Here's
         | my "hack" to get into many school computer systems:
         | 
         | Username: admin
         | 
         | Password: password
        
           | b00ty4breakfast wrote:
           | it's even less impressive; somebody left the credentials
           | typed into the text boxes and went to get a slimfast out of
           | the staff breakroom and you walked into the computer lab and
           | hit enter.
        
       | pinkmuffinere wrote:
       | What is the proper way to do this? I see a couple suggestions in
       | the comments:
       | 
       | 1. Draw a black box over it in image editor, save a screenshot
       | 
       | 2. Crop the info out
       | 
       | Are there other good ways?
        
         | user_7832 wrote:
         | PDFs _do_ have a  "burn and destroy the parts/layers below" as
         | part of the spec meant explicitly for redaction like this.
         | Apparently they didn't use it, I guess?
        
       | KnuthIsGod wrote:
       | Print on paper. Physically cut out the pieces you want to send to
       | remove. Scan.
       | 
       | Still suspect that someone can undo this from data may have been
       | accidentally steaganographed across non-deleted parts of the
       | image.
        
         | hexfish wrote:
         | Not sure but that might actually add your printer's unique dots
         | to the scanned image.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printer_tracking_dots
        
         | fodkodrasz wrote:
         | Microdots may leak your identity this way (though I guess a
         | really high resolution scan is needed for that)
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | It's no problem if they leak the fact that an FBI office
           | printer was used to print the documents the FBI released.
        
         | arendtio wrote:
         | I think even after printing and scanning there could still be
         | jpg artfacts from the original (e.g. if you scan lossless).
         | 
         | However, I wonder whether heavily compressing the redacted
         | image would help remove any unwanted artefacts. But the best
         | solution is probably to render the original file from scratch,
         | without compression, before redacting the image.
        
         | empath75 wrote:
         | You can also make guesses from font/typeface kerning if it's
         | not from a typewriter.
        
       | rbbydotdev wrote:
       | when i first saw this, i thought it was a meme. There is no way
       | the DOJ could be so incompetent to fumble their own cover up.
        
       | anovikov wrote:
       | hacks :facepalm:
        
       | entropiae wrote:
       | Not the first time; in 2005 the US report about Nicola Calipari's
       | death in Baghdad was redacted (and unredacted by italian
       | newspapers) in the same way.
        
       | UrineSqueegee wrote:
       | i wouldn't trust any of these "undo's"
        
       | jtrn wrote:
       | Shout out to Stirling PDF that can be self hosted and has a
       | relatively robust and easy to use redaction tool. All for
       | free.... For now....
        
       | delbronski wrote:
       | This is probably just pure stupidity, but part of me hopes there
       | is some tech person in there who knew exactly what they were
       | doing. I'd take a job as a tech person in this administration
       | just to sabotage stuff like this.
        
       | wutwut182 wrote:
       | I "hacked" my facebook account the other day. I forgot my
       | password and used the "forget password" link to gain access .
        
       | maCDzP wrote:
       | Maybe someone knows law can answer this. Is it a crime to
       | "unredact" files in the US? You probably know that the
       | information is classified since you are putting in the work.
       | Where I live I believe it's a crime if you share information that
       | is classified even if it's leaked. So I would not publicly brag
       | about this online.
        
         | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
         | In the US this is protected by the first amendment. Exceptions
         | apply only for military and government employees who agree to
         | prosecution in such cases as a condition for employment or
         | enlistment (getting a clearance, basically). For everyone else
         | it is lawful.
        
       | jFriedensreich wrote:
       | is there an overview page somewhere just about what was redacted?
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | https://www.cnn.com/2025/12/23/politics/epstein-redactions-g...
        
       | brachkow wrote:
       | pdf is just a computer version of laminated paper
        
       | Arch-TK wrote:
       | It sets a bad precedent to call things like this hacks.
       | 
       | Firstly, calling this redaction implies that the data is missing,
       | and calling what was done "unredacting" is akin to saying someone
       | "decrypted" a cryptographic hash function.
       | 
       | Nobody unredacted anything here, they merely discovered that it
       | hadn't been redacted, and simply looked like it was redacted.
       | 
       | Calling this a hack places responsibility on the people who
       | discovered the information, rather than on the people were put in
       | charge of handling the redaction and screwed it up.
        
         | e38383 wrote:
         | Thank you, I came here just to verify that no "hack" was
         | involved.
        
         | stingraycharles wrote:
         | I also like to think this was maybe done as a form of malicious
         | compliance. Someone inside the agency was tasked with redacting
         | this, and found a way to sneak the information through but
         | still getting it passed by their supervisors, so that the
         | information got out.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | It reminds me of the 2008 Underhanded C code contest. The
           | subject was exactly this.
           | 
           | https://www.underhanded-c.org/_page_id_17.html
           | 
           | And the winner's solution is incredibly simple and clever.
        
           | sallveburrpi wrote:
           | To me this is the only explanation that makes sense. However
           | wouldn't they risk repercussions when this is inevitably
           | found out? I assume they have records who redacted which
           | documents
        
             | stingraycharles wrote:
             | Yes they may get fired, but it will be difficult to prove
             | intent and very easy to claim incompetence.
             | 
             | So I don't think there will be jail time if that's what
             | you're referring to.
        
               | seg_lol wrote:
               | The mal-redacted file actually points to a crime itself
               | of redacting things it shouldn't have.
        
               | fwip wrote:
               | Or, if there is indeed an ongoing investigation on those
               | two, it could be leaking that fact, right?
        
               | seg_lol wrote:
               | Not in this case, this is just a cover for the guilty
               | because this shows that Epsteins Estate also works for
               | Trump. The rot runs deep. There is no investigation, that
               | is the point.
        
             | DerArzt wrote:
             | Some peopledo things acknowledging that there may be
             | backlash for an action when they feel it's the right thing
             | to do.
        
             | ErroneousBosh wrote:
             | Out of a thousand people? Where they probably have an email
             | from a PHB that says something like "put a black box over
             | all references to <this list of things?"?
        
             | rtkwe wrote:
             | This happens too regularly across both minor and major
             | issues for me to think this is entirely redactors
             | intentionally messing up. It's just a lot of people being
             | pulled on to the job and not all of them are competent.
             | Maybe some of it is intentional but not all of it I'm
             | certain.
        
             | mbesto wrote:
             | > I assume they have records who redacted which documents
             | 
             | (1) Considering it was a rush job (2) general ineptness of
             | this administration and (3) the management wouldn't have
             | defined the explicit job description ("completely black
             | out, not use black highlighter"), the likeliness that there
             | is any evidence that this was intentionally malicious is
             | pretty low.
        
         | afavour wrote:
         | You're absolutely correct but I think your comment also
         | highlights something important: we don't have a good word to
         | represent what it is
         | 
         | Unfortunately "hack" became a catch all word long ago. Just
         | look at "life hacks".
        
           | kungito wrote:
           | They failed to redact data. That's it. People just read the
           | files afterwards, only formatting was wierd.
        
             | lo_zamoyski wrote:
             | They're likely viewing the electronic documents by analogy
             | to photocopies with blacked out sections where there is
             | nothing to distinguish the text from the redacting marks
             | and nothing you can project out. They don't know the
             | structure of the file format and how information in it is
             | encoded or rendered, or even that there is a distinction
             | between encoding and rendering.
             | 
             | (A better analogy might be the original physical document
             | with redaction marks. If the text is printed using a laser
             | printer or a type writer, and the marker used for redaction
             | uses some other kind of ink - let's say one that doesn't
             | dissolve the text's ink or toner in any way - then you can
             | in principle distinguish between the two and thus recover
             | _visibility_ of the text.)
        
               | calgoo wrote:
               | To complicated, the people doing the redacting pasted
               | digital stickers ontop of the text, people are just
               | removing the stickers.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | File formats are complicated. The only reliable way to
               | redact is to reduce that complication to one which humans
               | can manage. This is even true for software that is
               | written by humans.
               | 
               | Plain text and flat images are my preferred formats for
               | things which must be redacted. Images require a slight
               | bit of special care, as the example in the underhanded C
               | contest highlights, but it's possible to enforce visible
               | redaction and transcription steps that destroy hidden
               | information.
        
             | silveira wrote:
             | If you unlock a lock, that's still a lock.
             | 
             | Also, in light of everything that is happening, is
             | incredible that the top comment on this thread is about
             | some minor semantic definitions.
        
               | shkkmo wrote:
               | And it is still a lock if it was just hanging there and
               | not actually locked as in this case.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | There's nothing else to say about this. Also, your
               | comment is nested even deeper within the same semantic
               | squabbling, so it's odd that you think that it's a waste
               | of time in light of more important things _that you are
               | also not talking about._
        
               | flufluflufluffy wrote:
               | Yeah but there was no lock; somebody put a box around the
               | doorknob without anything holding it there, and somebody
               | removed the box and opened the door.
        
             | afavour wrote:
             | I think that doesn't do the scenario justice. They tried to
             | redact and did so in a way that looks visibly redacted (in
             | screenshots many have seen) but can be uncovered.
             | 
             | If you say "they failed to redact data" to a layperson
             | looking at a visibly redacted document they're going to be
             | confused.
        
           | mannykannot wrote:
           | How about "the documents were clarified" or "their contents
           | were revealed"? Maybe "formatted for reading on your device"?
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | Just like my friends and family call everything AI now.
           | 
           | Special effects in movies? AI
           | 
           | Some edited photo? AI
           | 
           | Illustration for advertising? AI
        
             | paraselene_ wrote:
             | To be fair, I put partial blame on the advertisers. They've
             | been claiming "AI" on their products on anything that has
             | an algorithm basically for the past few years.
        
           | yunwal wrote:
           | Just look at hackernews
        
           | jasonlotito wrote:
           | > You're absolutely correct
           | 
           | They are not. They are factually incorrect. Look up the
           | various definitions of redacted. They fit perfect for the
           | title. Arguing otherwise suggests you are making up
           | definitions and words, in which case, I am still correct.
        
           | FeteCommuniste wrote:
           | I'd call it a "workaround," which has less connotation of
           | technical cleverness (or malice) than "hack."
        
         | pwg wrote:
         | The journalist writing the story has the same level of
         | technical knowledge about how to "redact" properly in the
         | digital realm as the individuals doing the redaction. To the
         | journalist, with zero knowledge of the technical aspects,
         | viewing the "redacted" document, it appears to be "redacted",
         | so when someone "unredacts" it, the action of revealing the
         | otherwise hidden material appears to be "magical" to them (in
         | the vein of the Arthur C Clarke quote of: "Any sufficiently
         | advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic").
         | 
         | To the journalist, it looks like "hackers at work" because the
         | result looks like magic. Therefore their editor attaching
         | "hacks" to the title for additional clickbait as well.
         | 
         | To us technical people, who understand the concept of layers in
         | digital editing, it is no big deal at all (and is not
         | surprising that some percentage of the PDF's have been
         | processed this way).
        
           | seba_dos1 wrote:
           | It's not a hard technical concept to grasp that placing a
           | stick-it onto some thing doesn't make the thing behind it
           | disappear.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | No, it is not. But given the abysmal lack of technical
             | knowledge of the "typical computer user" they don't see the
             | redacted PDF's as "having black stick-it notes stuck on top
             | of the text". They see the PDF as having had a "black
             | marker pen" applied that has obliterated the text from
             | view.
             | 
             | When someone then shows them how to copy/paste out the
             | original text, because the PDF was simply black stick-it
             | notes above the text, it appears to them as if that someone
             | is a magical wizard of infinite intelligence.
        
           | sallveburrpi wrote:
           | I would consider it gross negligence on the journalists part
           | to not know the technical details here.
           | 
           | It's really not that hard; as someone else on this thread
           | pointed out even my grandma knows this...
           | 
           | You can find out the technical details in one quick search.
           | 
           | How someone like this gets a paying job as a journalist is
           | beyond me.
        
             | Fricken wrote:
             | >some of the file redaction can be undone with Photoshop
             | techniques, or by simply highlighting text to paste into a
             | word processing file.
             | 
             | That's the first sentence of the article, and that's all
             | there is to it.
        
             | kiba wrote:
             | To us, it's a life skill. To a non-technical person, it's
             | black magic.
             | 
             | Some folks had to be taught on how folder structures work
             | because they grew up with the appliance we called a "phone"
             | as opposed to a real computer that also happened to be
             | known as a "phone".
        
               | phantasmish wrote:
               | I can assure you that plenty of people who were using
               | computers before smartphones, and who have used them
               | every day at work for decades, also do not grasp what we
               | could consider the very basics of file management.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | I think.. the way to understand it is: levels. After all,
               | files as the abstractions work with are not exactly there
               | in the form of files in a cabinet. In a sense, even names
               | are made made up fiction, BUT.. a helpful one.
        
               | p-e-w wrote:
               | > To us, it's a life skill. To a non-technical person,
               | it's black magic.
               | 
               | I'm sorry, but "this text is black on black background;
               | the actual letters are still there" isn't "black magic"
               | unless someone is being deliberately obtuse.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | So I don't know your specialty, but I'm going to make a
               | wild guess and assume that it isn't stage magic.
               | 
               | State magicians have a whole range of different ways to
               | make something seem like it's levitating, or to
               | apparently get a signed playing card inside a fruit that
               | they get someone in the audience to cut open to reveal.
               | 
               | To a magician, these things are cute, not mysterious.
               | 
               | To the general public... a significant percentage have
               | problems with paged results and scroll bars. Including my
               | dad, who developed military IFF simulation software
               | before he retired, and then spent several years of
               | retirement using Google before realising it gave more
               | than three results at a time.
               | 
               | Would he, with experience working with the military, have
               | made this soecific mistake about redaction? Perhaps,
               | perhaps not, but the level of ignorance was well within
               | his range. (I'm not better, it's just my ignorance is
               | e.g. setting fire to resistors).
               | 
               | *Our* "common sense" isn't universal.
        
               | p-e-w wrote:
               | Your analogy fails because the purpose of stage magic is
               | concealing what's going on. That's not what happened
               | here. Someone just made a really stupid mistake that even
               | non-technical folks can accidentally discover.
               | 
               | There are undoubtedly _some_ people who would be fooled
               | by this, but you don't have to be technical in order to
               | not be one of them.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > the purpose of stage magic is concealing what's going
               | on. That's not what happened here
               | 
               | That's * _literally_ * what "redaction" is.
               | 
               | These people are bad at magic, were told to do magic,
               | fooled only themselves and other people who are also bad
               | at magic.
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | Please explain to me, in detail, without using an LLM how
               | expert manifolds work.
               | 
               | I'm guessing to you, it is also black magic.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | >How someone like this gets a paying job as a journalist is
             | beyond me.
             | 
             | You seem highly confused on what a journalists job is in
             | this era. Very few publishers are about correctness. It's
             | about speed of getting the article out and getting as many
             | eyeballs as possible to look at the ads in the article.
             | 
             | Or as the saying goes, A lie can travel halfway around the
             | world before the truth can get its boots on.
        
               | sallveburrpi wrote:
               | You could easily replace them with an LLM if that were
               | the case.
               | 
               | Although I don't completely disagree with your cynical
               | take I don't think that's actually the case for most of
               | the Guardians journalists, they do a lot of quality
               | reporting too
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Back when LLM chatbots were new and shiny, I was
               | comparing the failure modes to journalism by way of the
               | Gell-Mann amnesia effect.
               | 
               | Sure, deep investigative jounalism with real skill and
               | effort behind it is a thing; but it is an expensive
               | thing, and opinion pieces disguised as jounalism are much
               | cheaper, as is reporting on other people's reports.
        
               | Forgeties79 wrote:
               | At the end of the day, we the audience reward the
               | behavior unfortunately
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | > You could easily replace them with an LLM if that were
               | the case.
               | 
               | We're already seeing this happen.
        
               | nickthegreek wrote:
               | The journalist should have used the LLM to explain how
               | this wasn't a hack but a common mistake made by untrained
               | workers.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | And the lawyers should have used an LLM to perform a
               | first pass of the redactions and methods of redaction.
               | 
               | Going forward the full stack of perpetrators, unindicted
               | coconspirators, lawyers, judges, legislators,
               | journalists, editors, fact checkers, ... it'll all be LLM
               | all the way down such that nothing will be trustable save
               | something akin to Stephenson's gargoyles and Flock
               | cameras for which people will conduct spectacles to shape
               | the salience landscape.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Um - and not just journalists.
               | 
               | Most "bullshit jobs" are already being replaced. The era
               | of bullshit jobs is coming to an end:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshit_Jobs
        
               | sallveburrpi wrote:
               | I wish it was true. From the bullshit jobs in the book, I
               | can only see the box tickers being replaced. The
               | flunkies, goons, task masters, and duct tapers will
               | probably continue to exist.
               | 
               | Als unless we come up with something like UBI or a
               | dramatic rethinking of how capitalism works in our
               | society there will probably be __more__ bullshit jobs.
        
               | sigwinch wrote:
               | But there is a more-powerful combo we're beginning to
               | see: journalists can take a story and prompt their way
               | into a list of missing perspectives. The Lindbergh baby,
               | for example.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | Most journalists are ex. English majors (or some other non-
             | technical degree). I would not expect _any_ (even the
             | supposed tech. journalists) to understand the technology
             | they report upon to the level that us here on HN understand
             | that same technology.
             | 
             | Their job is to write coherent articles that gather views,
             | not truly understand what it is they are writing about.
             | That's why the Gell-Mann Amnesia [1] aspect so often crops
             | up for any technical article (hint, it also crops up for
             | _every_ article, but we don 't recognize the mistakes the
             | journalist makes in the articles where we don't have the
             | underlying knowledge to recognize the mistakes).
             | 
             | [1] https://www.epsilontheory.com/gell-mann-amnesia/
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | I'm my experience most posters on HN are don't under
               | technology either. So they both don't understand people
               | or technology putting them two steps behind a journalist.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | You don't need to defend your entire field.
               | 
               | Journalists are people, like everyone else, and most
               | people are bad at their jobs.
               | 
               | Plus, what even is the job? For most journalists out
               | there, it's just writing something that draws ad
               | impressions and clicks.
               | 
               | The percentage of journalists that work for outlets where
               | the content itself is the cash source is very small
               | (NYTimes, probably a bunch of other paid subscriptions).
               | And even the NYTimes isn't above clickbait.
        
             | BurningFrog wrote:
             | It's important to understand who becomes a journalist in
             | this age.
             | 
             | It's people who are very good with words, and at talking to
             | anyone and everyone about anything, both is a friendly and
             | confrontation way.
             | 
             | They also have almost no understanding of math, science or
             | technology. If they did, they'd get better paying jobs.
             | 
             | Journalism used to be a well paid prestigious career that
             | attracted brilliant people. There is not enough money in
             | what's left of that industry to do that anymore.
        
               | Avicebron wrote:
               | I agree they have no understanding of math, science or
               | technology. But I disagree with your assessment of
               | motivations to get "better paying jobs", most people who
               | went into journalism I knew were in brownstones right out
               | of college. They didn't need the money, they inherited
               | it, it was the lifestyle they were after.. that's why we
               | get the journalism we do..
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | Yeah, I should have resisted speculating about the why,
               | when the fact/assertion itself is the important part.
        
               | caseysoftware wrote:
               | ^ This.
               | 
               | They're not after money. They're motivated by prestige
               | which CAN be money (ew, tacky) but is actually measured
               | by access to key figures, your name being in the right
               | places with the right people, and the cocktail party
               | circuit.
               | 
               | My wife was a reporter in DC and she was at the White
               | House Correspondents Dinner and everything. Living in
               | those circles is surreal. The namedropping is a whole
               | other level. When I realized I was doing it too (with
               | some legit impressive names at the time), I gtfo. I'd
               | rather be evaluated by what I've done or can do vs who I
               | know or knows me.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | I think you have the source of the problem wrong. It's
               | just rich kids who don't actually need the salary, and
               | want to align to a point of view that gets them a
               | contract to write a book, so they get invited to the
               | right parties. They don't know anything, or care about
               | anything.
               | 
               | Journalism school is "eye-wateringly" expensive:
               | 
               | > J-school attendees might get a benefit from their
               | journalism degree, but it comes at an eye-watering cost.
               | The price tag of the Columbia Journalism School, for
               | instance, is $105,820 for a 10-month program, $147,418
               | for a 12-month program, or $108,464 per year for a two-
               | year program. That's a $216,928 graduate degree, on top
               | of all the costs associated with gaining the
               | undergraduate prerequisites. (Columbia, it seems
               | important to say, is also the publisher of Columbia
               | Journalism Review, the publication you're now reading.)
               | 
               | https://www.cjr.org/special_report/do-we-need-j-
               | schools.php
               | 
               | > It's people who are very good with words,
               | 
               | They are also not good with words.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | State schools also offer journalism degrees.
               | 
               | And FWIW, in my very limited and anecdotal experience,
               | the programs are inhabited by people who fully understand
               | their employment and salary prospects, but believe in the
               | work, and often have above-average family wealth to
               | compensate for the gaps. They're good people, but they
               | are not experts.
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | Haha. I was a journalist for many years. I went to UC
               | Berkeley. I likely currently have a far better paying job
               | than you and have invented technical concepts that
               | founded the LLM.
               | 
               | Me thinks the fool speaks of himself.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | If you had a better understanding of math and science,
               | you'd know the difference between the concepts of "one"
               | and "statistically meaningful".
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | It's worth pointing out one contradiction to someone who
               | passes such vast and foolish judgement.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | It really isn't.
               | 
               | Obviously, "who becomes a journalist in this age" does
               | not translate to "every person who is alive now who has
               | ever been a journalist".
               | 
               | I'm not sure if your error lies in parsing colloquial
               | English, or in basic statistics. Either way, I think you
               | have fully illustrated the commenter's point.
               | 
               | Journalists are not reliably selected for, or
               | demonstrative of, comprehension or accuracy.
        
               | tsunamifury wrote:
               | This is dumb trying to call others dumb.
               | 
               | Maybe Christmas just leaves the worst on HN ...
               | statistically.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I don't think you have an understanding of job
               | specialization.
               | 
               | I know some journalists. They are smart people. However,
               | they are not experts in math, science, or technology.
               | They are experts in journalism. This wasn't any different
               | at any time in the past.
        
             | caseysoftware wrote:
             | Gell Mann Amnesia ftw
             | 
             | My wife was a reporter with a top tier news agency in DC
             | and I was shocked how they divvied up topics.
             | 
             | At best, it was "you're good with computers, go report on
             | this hearing on cybersecurity" but more commonly, it was
             | "who has this morning open? You do? Great. Go cover this
             | 9am on the Israel-Palestine negotiations and what the
             | implications are. We'll do a segment in the 11am hour."
        
             | njharman wrote:
             | Journalists report, they don't analyze.
             | 
             | The error is consumers believing journalist news is
             | anything but uninformed, hot take heresy; spun in the most
             | sensationalistic way.
             | 
             | They are hired to get eyeballs for advertisers. Not to be
             | accurate, thorough truthful, or unbiased.
        
           | skeltoac wrote:
           | The journalist is not necessarily responsible for the title.
           | Editors often change those and they don't need to get the
           | approval of the journalist. The editor knows what they are
           | doing and that it will irk some tech folks.
        
             | pwg wrote:
             | As far as creating a click bait title, yep, the editor
             | knows what they are doing, and most likely picked the word
             | for the click bait factor.
             | 
             | But I'd also bet the editors technical knowledge of how
             | this "revelation" of the hidden material really works is
             | low enough that it also appears to be magic to them as
             | well. So they likely think it is a 'hack' as well.
        
             | streetnoodles wrote:
             | I seriously doubt the journalist doesn't understand exactly
             | how this "hack" worked too. Right in the first paragraph,
             | "simply highlighting text to paste into a word processing
             | file."
             | 
             | A lot of people in the thread here are calling them a non-
             | technical English major who doesn't understand the
             | technology. Word processors also happen to be the tools of
             | their trade, I am sure they understand features of Word
             | better than most of the computer science majors in this
             | thread...
        
               | Melatonic wrote:
               | Agreed - not sure why so many are being so critical here.
               | They probably didn't write the title and for better or
               | worse "hack" has now become a common word casually used
               | by many to mean "workflow trick" or similar.
        
           | seg_lol wrote:
           | > The journalist writing the story has the same level of
           | technical knowledge ...
           | 
           | You are supposing. The article doesn't read like that at all.
           | Your post smells of exceptional tech elitism.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | This. Similar issue if you introduce someone to how you can
           | "view source" and then edit (your view of) a website. They're
           | like "omg haxors!"
           | 
           | True story: one time I used that technique to ask for a
           | higher credit card limit than the options the website
           | presented. Interestingly enough, they handled it gracefully
           | by sending me a rejection for a higher amount and an
           | acceptance for the maximum offered amount (the one I edited).
           | And I didn't get arrested for hacking!
        
             | sillyfluke wrote:
             | > "view source" and then edit (your view of) a website.
             | 
             | Yes, but you see it says "view source" not "edit page
             | live". Don't really see why it wouldn't be "omg" for them.
        
             | sebastiennight wrote:
             | I have helped someone get an executive job at a Fortune 500
             | company... by teaching them how to use the dev tools and
             | edit the DOM to replace text and images.
             | 
             | They had been asked for an assignment as part of the
             | interview process, where they were supposed to make
             | suggestions regarding the company's offers. They showed up
             | on the (MS teams) interview having revamped what looked
             | like the live website (www. official website was visible in
             | the browser bar).
             | 
             | The interviewers gave them the job pretty much on the spot,
             | but did timidly ask at the end "do you mind putting it back
             | though, for now?", which we still laugh about 5 years later
        
             | tomjakubowski wrote:
             | Using view-source to accomplish something could be
             | considered hacking in the old school MIT sense* of curious
             | exploration of some place or thing for clever purposes.
             | 
             | *: disclaimer, I didn't attend MIT, but did hang out with
             | greybeards on 90s IRC
        
           | bird0861 wrote:
           | Typical quality of The Guardian unfortunately. Don't read
           | their energy reporting if you're at all literate about any of
           | those topics. Any time they do a story on fusion I just about
           | have an embolism.
        
         | blitzar wrote:
         | Furthermore, this happens so often, so frequently, in so many
         | high profile cases that even my 80 year old mother knows this
         | "secret hack to unredact a pdf".
         | 
         | If you are CIA / FBI / Court / Lawyer or professional full time
         | redactor of documents you should know that the highlighter
         | doesn't delete the text underneath it.
        
           | relic wrote:
           | I think the more likely cause was precisely that it wasn't a
           | technical professional/lawyer/writer doing the redacting, but
           | someone in the administration or close to it that has no idea
           | how to redact information correctly.
        
         | inopinatus wrote:
         | Here on the hacking news website we sure are persnickety about
         | the difference.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | The funny part is that people with screen readers may have gone
         | through the redaction without realizing it.
        
           | FeteCommuniste wrote:
           | That is pretty funny. All it takes to be a hacker is to use
           | assistive software.
        
         | TZubiri wrote:
         | It also removes blame from the departments that redacted, it's
         | not like they messed up big time, no, some resourceful brainiac
         | hackers did things that were not allowed to undo the redaction
         | process that was put in place to protect victims.
        
         | braiamp wrote:
         | Considering that only the title of the article says "hacks", I
         | would say this is the editor decision.
        
         | jasonlotito wrote:
         | I find it funny to use a hack to argue about the misuse of
         | words and definitions.
         | 
         | Regardless, redaction does not imply that data is missing. The
         | words were censored or obscured. That's it. Simply looking at
         | the documents proves that. Interacting with them showed how
         | easy they were to uncensor, but the simplicity of the method
         | doesn't change facts.
         | 
         | By all means, complain about definitions and words, but get it
         | right.
        
         | lloydatkinson wrote:
         | Calling everything a hack is the only way to make tech
         | illiterate boomers and zoomers alike understand anything.
        
         | BoredPositron wrote:
         | I think we should all come to terms with it that "hack" doesn't
         | mean anything anymore so we don't have to fight over words that
         | were never clearly defined anyways. On most days this site here
         | should be called "frontendnews".
        
         | jrochkind1 wrote:
         | It does seem to raise the risk that someone would be prosecuted
         | for DMCA violation if we refer to it that way.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | That is a very low bar. If methane's chemical representation
           | was present in a DVD key, you could be done for DMCA
           | violation every time you fart.
        
         | figassis wrote:
         | I agree, but this would mean that almost anything can't be
         | called hacking, bc it usually relies on vulnerabilities and
         | implementation defects. If something is poorly encrypted and
         | you retrieve data, you didn't hack because it wasn't encrypted
         | to begin with. That can't be the standard.
        
         | clhodapp wrote:
         | It's true, but aren't most hacks like this? If you understand
         | the system flaw, the hack is obvious.
        
         | dspillett wrote:
         | _> It sets a bad precedent to call things like this hacks._
         | 
         | That ship sailed a _long_ time ago. The "phone hacking scandal"
         | in ~20101 was mostly calling answering services that didn 't
         | have pins or other authorisation checks set.
         | 
         | These days any old trick gets called a hack, heck tying your
         | shoelaces might get called a miraculous footwear securing hack.
         | 
         | --------
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_International_phone_hacki...
        
         | badgersnake wrote:
         | Talk about missing the point. It's almost like you're trying to
         | deflect the audience.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, we've un-with-hacksed the title above.
        
       | indubioprorubik wrote:
       | Can you shadowprofile the redactions by length of the black box
       | and heuristic occurance bundling?
        
       | throw-12-16 wrote:
       | The US really is pathetic.
       | 
       | When do we find out that the nuclear launch codes got changed to
       | "YoureFired!".
        
       | albert_e wrote:
       | "hacks".
       | 
       | This is like putting a post-it on a printed document and
       | circulating it as "redacted" -- and calling anyone who lifted the
       | post-it a criminal/thief.
        
       | beasthacker wrote:
       | The U.S. federal government is bad at redactions on purpose.
       | 
       | The offices responsible for redactions are usually in-house legal
       | shops (e.g., an Office of Chief Counsel inside an agency like
       | CBP) and the agency's FOIA office. They're often doing redactions
       | manually in Adobe, which is slow, tedious, and error-prone.
       | Because the process is error prone, the federal government gets
       | multiple layers of review, justified (as DOJ lawyers regularly
       | tell courts) by the need to "protect the information of innocent
       | U.S. citizens."
       | 
       | But the "bad at redactions" part isn't an accident. It functions
       | as a litigation tactic. Makes production slow, make FOIA
       | responses slow, and then point to that slow, manual process as
       | the reason the timeline has to be slow. The government could
       | easily buy the kind of redaction tools that most law firms have
       | used for decades. Purpose built redaction tools speed the work up
       | and reduce mistakes. But the government doesn't buy those tools
       | because faster, cleaner production benefits the requester.
       | 
       | The downside for the government is that every so often a judge
       | gets fed up and orders a normal timeline. Then agencies go into
       | panic mode and initiate an "all hands on deck." Then you end up
       | with untrained, non-attorney staff doing rushed redactions by
       | hand in Adobe. Some of them can barely use a mouse. That's when
       | you see the classic technical failures: someone draws a black
       | rectangle that looks like a redaction, instead of applying a real
       | redaction that actually removes the underlying text.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | This is an extremely interesting perspective. I haven't really
         | heard it before, but I once worked for the state in a technical
         | capacity and watched as they spent entire workdays and
         | scheduled multiple meetings with the sole purpose of figuring
         | out ways to slow down or narrow FOIA requests.
         | 
         | I didn't really know how they slept at night, but I don't know
         | how a lot of people sleep at night. I only had to be involved
         | because I had to do the actual trawling through the emails.
         | They spent their time trying to narrow the keywords that I'd
         | have to search, and trying to figure out new definitions of the
         | words "related to."
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | There's a great Australian comedy called Utopia about a
           | government department that has a whole episode B-plot of the
           | characters working on the Aussie equivalent of a FOIA
           | request. It's pretty funny and in the end one of the workers
           | just finds it easier to leak the document to the requesting
           | journalist rather than deal with the official process, even
           | though it was mundane contract details on a carpark that came
           | in ahead of schedule and under budget.
           | 
           | In another episode they're trying to find out the length of a
           | stealth submarine for construction planning purposes of a
           | port or something, and they have to go through endless layers
           | of security checks with the military that lead nowhere. In
           | the end a reporter filming a documentary episode on the
           | government agency tells them the length because they were
           | allowed to film the submarine on another program.
           | 
           | Definitely recommend the show and my friends in government
           | say it's scarily accurate.
        
         | ryukoposting wrote:
         | Please refer to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor
         | 
         | No, there isn't an enormous cohort of bureaucrats going to work
         | every day, collectively wringing their hands and saying "haha,
         | we're going to be STUPID today!"
        
       | alerighi wrote:
       | To me is strange that for such important document they didn't
       | print them and scan with a scanner (that way it's physically
       | impossible that some metadata or other thing that is not on the
       | printed piece of paper ends up in what is released).
       | 
       | It's the standard practice.
        
       | hypeatei wrote:
       | I never want to hear a MAGA supporter whine about DEI or
       | meritocracy ever again. Supposedly you're against that stuff but
       | just hire loyalists who fuck everything up? Embarrassing.
        
       | lt_snuffles wrote:
       | I feel like it is some form of malicious compliance from some fbi
       | agents
        
       | mbix77 wrote:
       | Nice. Love malicious compliance.
        
       | Forgeties79 wrote:
       | I love how every single comment here is litigating whether or not
       | this qualifies "hacking" (yes I know obviously it does not) so I
       | can't really find any discussion on the contents lol
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | Actually there are two type of comments: "it's not hacking" and
         | "it's malicious compliance". That makes of 90% of what's here,
         | split about 50/50.
        
           | Forgeties79 wrote:
           | And now we have our third! A meta-analysis of the HN comment
           | chain!
        
             | guerrilla wrote:
             | You're welcome.
        
       | Traubenfuchs wrote:
       | This is "fake stupidity", a decoy to make the public think it is
       | uncovering stuff that was meant to be hidden while in reality the
       | really damning documents have been filtered and or doctored
       | already. You might get thrown some meaningless and practically
       | worthless + innocent scraps and bones like Trump wrapping his arm
       | around a young woman and that's it.
       | 
       | You think you uncovered the hidden layer but that was just a
       | decoy.
       | 
       | You guys are too gullible.
        
       | ronbenton wrote:
       | This reminds me of when some government org leaked social
       | security numbers in client-rendered html comments (or something
       | similar) and people who discovered this were called hackers for
       | using browser dev tools
        
         | flaminHotSpeedo wrote:
         | Are you thinking of the Missouri department of education's
         | teacher directory website?
         | 
         | https://krebsonsecurity.com/2022/02/report-missouri-governor...
         | 
         | Luckily someone eventually talked sense into the governor,
         | despite him ignoring the FBI originally when they told him it
         | wasn't a hack
        
       | guerrilla wrote:
       | Doesn't sound like much interesting was found otherwise that'd be
       | what's making all the headlines... Everything in that article is
       | pretty much what I'd expect.
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | I did not expect the one case in other documents where a 13
         | year old pregnant child was raped by Trump and her baby was
         | killed by a relative.
         | https://www.justice.gov/epstein/files/DataSet%208/EFTA000250...
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | Trump has openly admitted to child prostitution in official
           | statements, so the first part of that isn't surprising at
           | all.
           | 
           | Look at the early quotes where Trump complains about Epstein
           | being a creep. The main problem Trump had was that Epstein
           | poached Trump's favorite kids for prostitution _years_ after
           | they were hired by Trump.
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | These rape allegations are from 2016 originally. There's
           | already a court case about it. So, it's both already known
           | and just allegations. That doesn't help us and shouldn't
           | surprise us.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump_sexual_misconduct.
           | ..
        
       | shwaj wrote:
       | Rather than bemoaning the ignorance of those who can't grasp that
       | the text still exists under black rectangles, we should thank our
       | lucky stars that this method of deredacting still works, well
       | over a decade after the first time I heard of it.
       | 
       | May it continue to work in the decades to come!
        
       | xecaz wrote:
       | When i hack something, it generally takes a bit more than just
       | copy pasting..
        
       | nabbed wrote:
       | CNN has an article claiming that the botched redaction work is
       | the fault of the Virgin Islands' attorney general's office, not
       | the Justice Department. From
       | https://www.cnn.com/2025/12/23/politics/epstein-redactions-g...:
       | 
       | "The glitch appears to affect only a tiny number of the hundreds
       | of thousands of documents that the Justice Department has posted
       | online this past week because of a new Epstein-related
       | transparency law. And it appears this redacting error wasn't
       | committed by the Justice Department - but rather by the Virgin
       | Islands' attorney general's office when it first posted the
       | original court filing onto a public docket in 2021."
        
       | willmadden wrote:
       | Terrible headline. The unredacted data was included in the file.
       | That's not a hack.
        
       | m-p-3 wrote:
       | Not hacks, (malicious?) incompetency.
        
       | aethelyon wrote:
       | "some" or a single file?
        
       | notorandit wrote:
       | It depends on what do you mean "hack". Redacting important
       | documents can qualify as a heck of a hack.
        
       | marysminefnuf wrote:
       | I swear the top comment on every popular post is always about
       | semantics or nitpicking and is very rarely about anything in the
       | article itself.
        
         | AppleBananaPie wrote:
         | This doesn't seem to be the case here. Which comment is showing
         | up top for you?
        
           | weberer wrote:
           | The comment by Arch-TK is currently the top for me.
        
             | TheSkyHasEyes wrote:
             | Interesting. RajT88 20 minute old post is top on my end.
        
               | teach wrote:
               | For me, the top comment is currently cmarschner's day-old
               | comment enumerating a bunch of other examples of botched
               | redaction
        
         | ziml77 wrote:
         | I noticed my most recent nitpick comment got a significant
         | number of upvotes. I spent some time today wondering if HN
         | needed a way to indicate something is a nitpick and cause the
         | votes on it to carry less weight in the sorting. Because if the
         | nitpick is valid I don't think downvotes are appropriate since
         | people might end up seeing it and having misconceptions
         | corrected, but it also shouldn't detract from discussions on
         | the meat of the post.
         | 
         | Of course I'm probably the odd one out, wanting to apply that
         | modifier to my own nitpick comments, so that idea probably
         | wouldn't end up being very useful in general.
         | 
         | (There is also some irony in me commenting on your comment here
         | where it's completely unrelated to the actual post...)
        
         | rtaylorgarlock wrote:
         | Ah, you new 'round these parts? It's unfashionable to speak
         | directly--we must fragment, hypothesize, add complexity and
         | nuance rather than simply leave someone's slightly vague
         | statement uncorrected. -_-
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
         | As nitpicks go ( public misundersatnding based on word
         | selection by summarizing party ), this one is valid.
        
         | bigyabai wrote:
         | HN rewards "technical discussion" in controversial threads,
         | even when it's not salient or intellectually gratifying.
         | Touching on the political implications is enough to split
         | opinion and guarantee your place towards the middle/bottom of
         | the thread.
        
       | fallingfrog wrote:
       | My favorite excerpt so far:
       | 
       | Case ID #: 50D-NY-302757
       | 
       | Witness Information
       | 
       | First Name: Donald
       | 
       | Middle Name:
       | 
       | Last Name: Trump
       | 
       | Age: 70
       | 
       | DOB:
       | 
       | Additional Info: Again, just trying to find out the NYPD
       | detective on the FBI sex trafficking task force that called me a
       | couple of weeks ago and spoke to me about some of these issues.
       | 
       | How is Contact Known: He participated regularly in paying money
       | to force me to ------ with him and he was present when my uncle
       | murdered my newborn child and disposed of the body in Lake
       | Michigan.
       | 
       | Type: Business
       | 
       | Address:
       | 
       | City: Washington DC
       | 
       | State: District of Columbia
       | 
       | Zip: 20500
       | 
       | Country: United States
        
       | broabprobe wrote:
       | thank you for using the old.reddit link, it's a small miracle
       | they keep that running...
        
       | itsthecourier wrote:
       | The Epstein Files Transparency Act signed into law last month
       | permits the Department of Justice "to withhold certain
       | information such as the personal information of victims and
       | materials that would jeopardize an active federal investigation"
       | 
       | just wow.
        
       | tim-tday wrote:
       | A better headline would've been: "authorities utterly fail in
       | their attempts to redact documents. Again."
       | 
       | This would be comical if it weren't so serious.
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | I tried to reproduce this - turns out the affected files weren't
       | in the data sets recently released, but other files on the DOJ
       | site (now taken down).
       | 
       | I guess the big take-away is scrape everything ASAP when it comes
       | out. I haven't found any meaningful differences yet, but file
       | hashes are different in the published data set zip files
       | available today versus when Archive.org took a snapshot a few
       | days ago.
       | 
       | I did write a bit of a tool which will detect and log and dump
       | the text of affected PDF's, since redacting via drawing black
       | boxes as well as using dark-colored highlights are both
       | programmatically detectable. Pretty trivial to do so. Happy
       | Holidays for anyone else who has the day off!
        
       | namuol wrote:
       | Sounds like a different take on this Onion headline:
       | https://theonion.com/cia-realizes-its-been-using-black-highl...
        
       | nephihaha wrote:
       | One of the most pathetic things that has come out of this is that
       | the British press refuse to say the phrase "Prince Andrew"
       | anymore. It has to be Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor.
        
         | throwup238 wrote:
         | Because he was officially stripped of the title. He's no longer
         | a Prince. It's not some grand conspiracy to distance him from
         | the royal family, that's just how titles work and the British
         | are real sticklers about that class nonsense.
        
       | cush wrote:
       | I bet the width of the redacted areas also be used to determine
       | some idea of the content too
        
       | insane_dreamer wrote:
       | The article buried the lede. Last sentence:
       | 
       | > It was unclear how property material complies with the
       | redaction standard under the law.
       | 
       | In other words, who knows what else was redacted that is
       | unrelated to either the victims or jeopardizing an active federal
       | investigation (are there any related to Epstein? I thought those
       | all got killed, except those ordered by Trump to investigate
       | Democrats of course.)
        
       | andix wrote:
       | This has to be on purpose, right?
       | 
       | Redacting documents is hard for people who didn't learn how to
       | properly do it, and don't have the right tools. But for courts,
       | the FBI or the DOJ this shouldn't apply. They know how to do it
       | right.
       | 
       | I can only imagine, that some people didn't redact the documents
       | properly on purpose. Plausible deniability.
        
       | JensRantil wrote:
       | Fun fact: Many times you can also declassify numbers by simply
       | looking at the width of the text boxes. I wrote a blog post about
       | it many years ago: https://jensrantil.github.io/posts/how-to-
       | partially-declassi...
        
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