[HN Gopher] Italian Competition Authority Fines Apple $115M for ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Italian Competition Authority Fines Apple $115M for Abusing
       Dominant Position
        
       Author : amarcheschi
       Score  : 125 points
       Date   : 2025-12-22 11:22 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.agcm.it)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.agcm.it)
        
       | lioeters wrote:
       | OK now slap the wrists of Alphabet and Meta.
        
         | Lapel2742 wrote:
         | > OK now slap the wrists of Alphabet and Meta.
         | 
         | Google is probably next (Antitrust case(s)). AFAIK the EU is
         | currently probing a case.
         | 
         | And before the Nationalists get mad again: If I sell in the US
         | I'm naturally obliged to follow US rules and regulations. I
         | wouldn't even think twice about this. The same is true in other
         | markets. So for the Single Market: If you play on European
         | turf, you play by European rules.
        
           | mk89 wrote:
           | The weirdest thing is that all fines from EU countries are
           | about privacy and anti-competitive behavior, which literally
           | every citizen can benefit from. The implementation might be
           | something questionable sometimes, but this hatred is totally
           | nonsense.
           | 
           | It strikes me as odd that the land of opportunity has become
           | the land of bigX that must overtake everything and everyone
           | just accepts it. This isn't the spirit of the Americans I
           | know, who actually challenge and see opportunity everywhere.
           | How can you just choose to bend to Apple/Google/Meta etc? I
           | understand they are great companies, but they do really ugly
           | things to push competitors out, to allow scam/phishing, etc.
        
       | slowmovintarget wrote:
       | Apple's consent requirement isn't good enough for legal consent
       | so third-parties have to ask twice, which "harms advertisers"
       | trying to get at that juicy personal data.
        
       | nicole_express wrote:
       | I'm so glad they're protecting us from Apple (checking document)
       | making it too hard to collect personal data for advertising.
       | Thanks, Italy
        
         | znpy wrote:
         | It really depends if apple is making it hard to collect data
         | that apple itself can collect with blanket permissions from
         | users.
         | 
         | In that case yes, apple is abusing its dominant position and is
         | competing unfairly with other companies. And they must be fined
         | for that.
         | 
         | Apple does advertising too: https://ads.apple.com
        
           | nicole_express wrote:
           | Nothing about unfair competition is mentioned in the press
           | release, so I can only assume this wasn't a significant
           | factor in the competition authority's decision.
           | Unfortunately, I can't read Italian, so I'm not sure if this
           | is brought up in the 199-page full text of the order.
        
             | dns_snek wrote:
             | The press release is.. not great. The summary document
             | linked at the bottom of the page is written in English and
             | makes it clear that the fine was issued due to their double
             | standards:
             | 
             | > xii. As a matter of fact, revenues from App Store
             | services increased, in terms of higher commissions
             | collected from developers through the platform; likewise,
             | Apple's advertising division, which is not subject to the
             | same stringent rules, ultimately benefited from increased
             | revenues and higher volumes of intermediated ads
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://en.agcm.it/dotcmsdoc/pressrelease/A561_SUMMARY.pdf
        
             | amarcheschi wrote:
             | It's way too long for me, but just skimping I read that
             | 
             | 1)apple was reported to the authority by meta, the
             | authority then started investigating (and this is honestly
             | extremely funny)
             | 
             | 2)apple says that att prompt is enough to work as a gdpr
             | consent form, meta didn't agree with this. The authority
             | after a long investigation found apple was in wrongdoing
             | because the att prompt breaks some rules on I don't
             | understand what and so is not gdpr compliant - the only
             | thing I understood is that it doesn't provide enough
             | informations to the end user
             | 
             | 3)authority also notes that this prompt was imposed by
             | Apple without input from third parties, thus distorting the
             | market because the same prompt is not required for apple's
             | own apps
        
           | monocularvision wrote:
           | Apple is allowed to share data among its apps. Third-party
           | app developers are allowed to share data within their apps.
           | If third-party developers want to share data with _other_
           | third-party developers (aka the advertising ID), then they
           | need the explicitly request permission. It is fairly
           | straightforward.
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | I wonder where this narrative came from. It's simply not
           | true. Third-party apps with ATT denied have the same data
           | access as Apple does.
        
       | troupo wrote:
       | Of all issues they chose "poor advertisers can't get their hands
       | on user data"
        
       | sonuhia wrote:
       | money laundering? a bribe? someone ink and track every single one
       | of those dollars!
        
         | mainde wrote:
         | Don't you find it excessive to imply the above regarding a G7
         | country?
        
       | f6v wrote:
       | I don't download any apps anymore, so not very informed on the
       | state of alternative app stores in EU. I decided to Google where
       | I can find those. One of the first links is leading to MacPaw's
       | website. It's a company with questionable ethics and business
       | practices that tries to sell you "antivirus" and "decluttering"
       | app. So I'll pass.
       | 
       | But are there any real 3rd-party AppStores for iOS now? Something
       | that's used by more than just a couple of people? Or is EU just
       | trying to milk rich USA tech giants (I think I know the answer).
        
         | brendoelfrendo wrote:
         | > One of the first links is leading to MacPaw's website.
         | 
         | Yikes, Google results are bad these days! They seem to focus on
         | Mac applications, not iOS app store alternatives.
         | 
         | > But are there any real 3rd-party AppStores for iOS now?
         | 
         | Yes, the main one I am familiar with is AltStore:
         | https://altstore.io
         | 
         | However, according to Apple's docs, they only allow alternative
         | app stores in the EU and Japan, so you have to be using an iOS
         | account with the region set to one of those two places and be
         | physically located there in order to install the app store. Not
         | something that's easy to experiment with for people in the USA
         | to see how the other half lives.
         | 
         | > Or is EU just trying to milk rich USA tech giants (I think I
         | know the answer).
         | 
         | I don't really see an angle for the EU to do much milking here.
         | Actually I think the AltStore founders are Americans? So they
         | seem to be reaping the benefits of EU and Japanese legislation,
         | remotely.
        
           | troupo wrote:
           | > However, according to Apple's docs, they only allow
           | alternative app stores in the EU and Japan
           | 
           | Also: even though Apple is explicitly told not to censor
           | these alternative stores, Apple effectively does this through
           | notarization
        
         | Terretta wrote:
         | > _are there any real 3rd-party AppStores for iOS now_
         | 
         | "Always has been": Setapp. Very interesting model.
         | 
         | Readily recommend devs subscribing to this collection, but non-
         | devs as well if you're into "there's an app for that" and
         | fatigued with IAP.
         | 
         | https://setapp.com/
        
       | rdtsc wrote:
       | > privacy rules imposed by Apple for iOS devices, as of April
       | 2021, on third-party developers of apps distributed through the
       | App Store. In particular, third-party app developers are required
       | to obtain specific consent for the collection and linking of data
       | for advertising purposes through Apple's ATT prompt
       | 
       | Wait, so they are punishing Apple because Apple makes it harder
       | to spy on users.
       | 
       | What happens if Apple just exits the Italian market? They can
       | create their own Apple competitor, I guess.
        
         | amarcheschi wrote:
         | As far as I can understand, the fine is for having a prompt for
         | 3rd party apps, but not apple's own apps. Then I'm not sure
         | because even to me, the wording used by the authority is not
         | entirely clear, but the issue would lie in a different
         | treatment reserved for 3rd parties compared to 1st party apps
        
           | dns_snek wrote:
           | Yes, precisely, take a look at the summary document [1] at
           | the bottom of the article.
           | 
           | > xii. As a matter of fact, revenues from App Store services
           | increased, in terms of higher commissions collected from
           | developers through the platform; likewise, Apple's
           | advertising division, which is not subject to the same
           | stringent rules, ultimately benefited from increased revenues
           | and higher volumes of intermediated ads
           | 
           | > xiii. Therefore, considering that Apple holds an absolute
           | dominant position in the market for the supply to developers
           | of platforms for the online distribution of apps to users of
           | the iOS operating system, the Authority established that
           | Apple's conduct amounts to an exploitative abuse, in breach
           | of Article 102 TFEU, that started in April 2021 and is still
           | ongoing.
           | 
           | [1]
           | https://en.agcm.it/dotcmsdoc/pressrelease/A561_SUMMARY.pdf
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | ATT isn't about a vendor tracking you across their apps
           | (Facebook can still log you into all their apps at once).
           | It's about using data collected by third-parties or sending
           | data to third party trackers, which Apple doesn't do for
           | their own ads.
        
             | amarcheschi wrote:
             | Ok, that makes it clearer
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | It's about 3rd party vs apple's own.
        
         | piva00 wrote:
         | No, they are punishing because the ATT pop-up is not enough to
         | comply with privacy rules, requiring 3rd party apps to have a
         | secondary pop-up to be compliant (which Apple's own apps
         | wouldn't need since they don't use ATT).
         | 
         | So it's more that Apple's ATT _is not compliant_ with stricter
         | privacy rules, not the opposite...
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | The "stricter" privacy rules of "Accept all" banners that
           | send your data to 1000+ companies? Or "Accept all", but to
           | Refuse you must tap a small grey link and manually uncheck
           | dozens of boxes? Or worse, banners that force you to choose
           | between accepting all tracking or paying a monthly
           | subscription, blatantly illegal in the EU but ubiquitous in
           | Italy even among large companies and news sites?
           | 
           | Meanwhile ATT blocks access to IDFA (instead of making it a
           | pinky promise), and if apps were honest and were denied ATT
           | it should disable other tracking too. The user has already
           | indicated lack of consent.
        
             | piva00 wrote:
             | > The "stricter" privacy rules of "Accept all" banners that
             | send your data to 1000+ companies? Or "Accept all", but to
             | Refuse you must tap a small grey link and manually uncheck
             | dozens of boxes? Or worse, banners that force you to choose
             | between accepting all tracking or paying a monthly
             | subscription, blatantly illegal in the EU but ubiquitous in
             | Italy even among large companies and news sites?
             | 
             | I don't know, I just stated what is in the decision: Apple
             | makes 3rd party developers have to go through a process
             | their own apps do not have to, hence creating an imbalance
             | in competition since they are also the owners and
             | controllers of the distribution channel.
             | 
             | The blatantly illegal pop-ups also annoy me a lot, it's
             | clear it's not even malicious compliance but a targeted
             | attack against the regulations to make it seem the law is
             | requiring them to make it as annoying as possible. It seems
             | to work since you got incensed by it.
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | I'm not "incensed" by the law at all, only by the
               | companies gleefully violating it.
               | 
               | But Apple doesn't track you in the way ATT prevents, see
               | my other comment; the narrative that they do was pushed
               | by the adtech industry who wants ATT gone, and the courts
               | (French, Italian) just never bothered checking if that
               | was true. Check the decision yourself, they take it for
               | granted and never look into how it works.
        
           | aucisson_masque wrote:
           | It's not only that.
           | 
           | > The terms were also found to be disproportionate to the
           | achievement of the company's stated data protection
           | objectives. Since user data are a key input for personalised
           | online advertising, the double consent request that
           | inevitably arises from the ATT policy, as implemented,
           | restricts the collection, linking and use of such data. As a
           | result, such double consent requirement is harmful to
           | developers
        
         | p-e-w wrote:
         | > What happens if Apple just exits the Italian market?
         | 
         | They can't.
         | 
         | If they did, the company (and thus shareholders) would lose
         | money. Shareholders would vote out the board, and the new board
         | would appoint a CEO who would promptly re-enter the Italian
         | market.
         | 
         | This is why corporations get slapped around by regulators
         | everywhere, even though on the surface, the regulators need the
         | company far more than the other way round.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | > What happens if Apple just exits the Italian market? They can
         | create their own Apple competitor, I guess.
         | 
         | My guess is that if they want to do that, they'd also need to
         | leave the European market as a whole, as many countries share
         | similar laws and regulations, besides the ones that applied
         | across the entire European Union. And since Europe seems to
         | represent ~25% total revenue in 2025 for Apple, that feels like
         | a highly unlikely choice for them to do, considering they're a
         | public company and have obligations to the shareholders.
        
       | concinds wrote:
       | > The Authority found the App Tracking Transparency ("ATT")
       | policy to restrict competition. [...]
       | 
       | > In particular, third-party app developers are required to
       | obtain specific consent for the collection and linking of data
       | for advertising purposes through Apple's ATT prompt. However,
       | such prompt does not meet privacy legislation requirements,
       | forcing developers to double the consent request for the same
       | purpose.
       | 
       | > The Authority established that the terms of the ATT policy are
       | imposed unilaterally and harm the interests of Apple's commercial
       | partners. The terms were also found to be disproportionate to the
       | achievement of the company's stated data protection objectives.
       | 
       | They must think we're fucking stupid.
        
         | petcat wrote:
         | EU privacy regulations and the GDPR are a complete farce.
         | You'll notice that the EU's own government websites are
         | littered with cookie banners. They want the data just as bad as
         | everybody else.
         | 
         | The goal was not in any way to protect privacy, but rather to
         | extract rent from American tech companies.
        
           | hnbad wrote:
           | > They want the data just as bad as everybody else.
           | 
           | Sure. Let's look at the main site: https://european-
           | union.europa.eu/index_en
           | 
           | Big cookie banner. Wait. What's that. It's not a modal? And a
           | big "Accept only essential cookies" button with the same
           | visual weight as the "Accept all cookies" button? Surely
           | everybody does it this way because it's literally what EU law
           | requires - surely nobody would try to trick people into
           | clicking "accept all" by hiding the alternative behind
           | multiple layers of opaque options and checkboxes.
           | 
           | So let's look at what data they are harvesting:
           | https://european-union.europa.eu/cookies_en
           | 
           | Technical cookies... functional cookies... boring - most of
           | these are just for handling logins and preferences. Ooh,
           | analytics! But what's Europa Analytics? Let's check:
           | https://european-union.europa.eu/europa-analytics_en
           | 
           | Oh, they are not only opt-in, they even respect DNT headers.
           | And they're masking the IP addresses before processing them
           | further. Damn, they must really want that data just as bad as
           | "everybody else".
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | No the goal was to give users that want privacy an option to
           | get it. Even the EU site allows users to say no to tracking.
           | That's a good thing.
        
       | runako wrote:
       | This looks like it's targeted at the relationship between Apple
       | and Italian developers. I guess this means Apple could also
       | comply by kicking Italian developers out of the iOS developer
       | program?
        
         | esperent wrote:
         | Unlikely because services in the EU have to be offered without
         | barriers to everyone across all member states.
        
           | joe_mamba wrote:
           | Which EU law say that exact thing?
           | 
           | Because now I live in an EU country that had (and has)
           | foreign products and services, typically of US origin, that
           | are not officially available in my home EU country, like for
           | example Xbox GamePass for console. Was same with Nextflix
           | till a few years ago. Same with AMEX cards.
           | 
           | So NO, you can definitely provide your services only to
           | specific EU member states if that's what you wish, they can't
           | force you to sell in all countries.
        
             | macbr wrote:
             | You're right but there has been some progress in that
             | matter.
             | 
             | I.e. streaming providers can't stop you from watching
             | Germany exclusive Netflix content when on holidays in
             | Greece using your German Netflix subscription (only free/ad
             | supported services are allowed to do that)
        
           | wqaatwt wrote:
           | Yet plenty of companies are not doing that. Sony and MS
           | amongst others..
        
       | nradov wrote:
       | I don't necessarily disagree with this ruling, but it's sad that
       | EU governments now take in more revenue from fining US tech
       | companies than from taxing local tech companies. An entire
       | continent is on the path of becoming parasites instead of
       | builders. Will they ever adopt a growth and abundance agenda
       | again?
        
         | amarcheschi wrote:
         | Maybe companies that break eu/local rules could respect the law
        
           | arpinum wrote:
           | Hard to respect vague laws. Apple can't read the regulators'
           | minds and figure out their interpretations, or instantly
           | pivot when regulators change their minds.
        
             | Steve16384 wrote:
             | So, like being a citizen then?
        
             | dns_snek wrote:
             | You don't need to read minds to know that abusing your
             | dominant market position in one market to disadvantage your
             | competitors in a different market (advertising) has a very
             | high likelihood of breaking competition rules. That's a
             | textbook example of anti-competitive behavior.
             | 
             | When did they change their minds, can you provide a link to
             | a previous regulatory decision which approved this
             | behavior?
        
             | jltsiren wrote:
             | All laws are inherently vague. Some actions are clearly
             | legal and some are clearly illegal. Between them, there is
             | a gray zone, where it can be impossible to say in advance
             | what's legal and what isn't.
             | 
             | If you are an amoral profit maximizer, like the average
             | publicly traded company, it's often rational to take risks
             | by entering the gray zone. Sometimes nobody cares that you
             | do that. Sometimes you manage to get a favorable court
             | ruling. And sometimes the expected gains outweigh the
             | eventual fines.
             | 
             | It's almost always easy to comply with the laws by playing
             | it safe. But shareholders don't like that.
        
         | jncfhnb wrote:
         | If the US tech companies stop behaving this way, maybe.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Sure. I'm not here to defend bad behavior by US tech
           | companies. Just pointing out the sad contrast in terms of
           | lack of growth and innovation by EU tech companies.
        
             | tacker2000 wrote:
             | How is the EU tech company lack of growth related to fining
             | companies for not obeying the law?
             | 
             | Yes, Europe is a laggard in tech, but I don't see any
             | relationship here. Even if they wouldn't fine these
             | companies, EU would still lag, and now that they are fining
             | them, EU companies are not at an advantage, nor growing
             | faster.
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | The US is in the middle of a recession if you exclude the
             | AI bubble. Even if you include the AI bubble it's barely
             | avoiding stagflation. I'm not sure "growth and innovation"
             | accurately serves as a contrast between the US and EU tech
             | companies right now.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Europe just doesn't have the "move fast and break things"
             | mentality because we don't want things like privacy broken.
             | At least not without the user's unpressured choice which is
             | what GDPR is all about.
             | 
             | If we allowed the same kind of unrestricted development
             | we'd have more money and growth but we'd be just like the
             | US. Which I personally don't want for sure. I'm glad to be
             | living here. It's not all about money and economy.
        
           | vnchr wrote:
           | Or the US tech companies could abandon EU markets
        
             | piva00 wrote:
             | They could, it could be a blessing for competitors in the
             | EU.
             | 
             | But they won't because the EU is a huge market and money
             | speaks, while that happens they need to comply with the
             | laws. Stop breaking the laws and you stop being fined, it's
             | pretty simple for multi-billion/low-trillion market cap
             | companies, innit?
        
             | lenkite wrote:
             | It would be terrific if this happens. Can give room for
             | alternatives to grow in the EU. Even the rest of the world
             | would love it.
             | 
             | So far only China has managed alternatives - and only
             | thanks to govt exclusion. US behemoths just eat everyone
             | else up - even in the global South.
        
               | tt24 wrote:
               | I'm sorry to disappoint you but the EU is unable to
               | create any usable alternatives to US tech chiefly due to
               | lack of SWE talent (among other things). Anyone remotely
               | competent sees the 40k senior SWE salaries offered by
               | European tech companies and immediately crawls through
               | glass just to work at a mid-tier company in the Northern
               | California area of the United States.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | Once they pay "modern" US health insurance (esp after a
               | layoff) and also need to raise a family, the vast
               | majority will crawl back through lava.
        
               | tt24 wrote:
               | Still no - PPP (that's after expenses such as food,
               | healthcare, housing, etc) is significantly higher in the
               | United States.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | I believe that would be true (after food, housing,
               | healthcare, taxes, child-care, etc) only for a very
               | narrow band of senior SWE's. And you are still not
               | considering employment protection. And for junior or mid-
               | level SWE's, not at all true for the overwhelming
               | majority.
        
               | tt24 wrote:
               | This is true not only for SWEs, but for the median worker
               | in the United States.
        
               | linhns wrote:
               | I'd love alternatives that work well, but having used the
               | said Chinese ones, I got no choice but to stick to the
               | behemoths. Telegram may eat a bit into the messaging
               | dominance, but that's it.
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | You must believe that US companies are trying to enter and
             | stay in hostile markets out of the sheer kindness of their
             | hearts. Have you considered that not being present in the
             | second biggest market by GDP may actually be a massive
             | liability by creating a massive opportunity for competitors
             | that will be far better adapted to stricter regulatory
             | conditions? You could just as well advise US car
             | manufacturers to stick to building cars like the Cybertruck
             | and ignore markets that consider it unsafe.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | US tech companies already avoid paying jackshit by moving to
         | Ireland.
         | 
         | So apple Ireland sells services and devices to apple italy on
         | which the profit is all in Ireland.
        
         | geon wrote:
         | > EU governments now take in more revenue from fining US tech
         | companies than from taxing local tech companies
         | 
         | Do you have a source for that, or did you just make it up?
        
       | wendgeabos wrote:
       | The government is everywhere prone to becoming the mafia.
        
       | dinkblam wrote:
       | no year goes by without Italy imposing random >100mEUR fines for
       | 2-3 american tech companies. whenever they need money, they just
       | hit another one without care whether actual laws were violated.
       | the amount they take has no correlation to what has been blamed,
       | only to how much the companies can afford to pay without
       | threatening to leave the country.
       | 
       | the 'Guardia di Finanza' has a long standing tradition of trying
       | to extort money without regards to actual laws. its not long ago
       | that they told all companies 'if you pay X% more than your tax
       | report says you own then we won't destroy your company'. more
       | recently they went after the Agnelli family trying to extort
       | money without having an actual case.
       | 
       | its not the rule of law, its simply Might makes Right or modern
       | robber knights...
        
         | threemux wrote:
         | It's the EU way. The only area where they produce world-leading
         | innovation is regulatory regimes, so gotta use it to hit up
         | American tech companies like an ATM.
        
           | razakel wrote:
           | Just an idea - how about not breaking the law?
        
             | threemux wrote:
             | Oh please. "The law" is a Kafkaesque patchwork that
             | delegates authority to local officials and has enough
             | complexity and wiggle room to make anything possible. We're
             | not talking about a speed limit sign here. Show me the
             | [company], I'll show you the crime.
             | 
             | I've been assured by people in this thread and others that,
             | for example, if you "don't spy on users", you don't need
             | cookie banners, and yet official EU sites have them.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | > Show me the [company], I'll show you the crime.
               | 
               | Yeah, maybe that floats the people's boat wherever you
               | live, but in other countries where people's health and
               | well-being go above corporate interests, it is not common
               | for companies to break the law.
               | 
               | > for example, if you "don't spy on users", you don't
               | need cookie banners, and yet official EU sites have them.
               | 
               | Which is true, and you can understand that yourself by
               | not relying on others, but reading the regulation
               | yourself. It's actually pretty simple, and I think even
               | someone who don't like regulations would be able to get
               | through it if you apply yourself.
               | 
               | And yeah, even official EU sites could avoid it if they'd
               | chose to not use tracking cookies. Not sure what the
               | gotcha is supposed to be here? There is no inconsistency
               | here.
        
               | rpdillon wrote:
               | > I think even an American would be able to get through
               | it if you apply yourself.
               | 
               | This doesn't belong on HN.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | True, and I see now it could be read in a way I didn't
               | intended it to, fixed it by making it clearer what I
               | meant. Thanks :)
        
           | prettygood wrote:
           | They can always chose not to sell their products and services
           | in the EU if they don't want to comply with the laws here.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | > no year goes by without Italy imposing random >100mEUR fines
         | for 2-3 american tech companies. whenever they need money
         | 
         | Since you apparently know, how large would a 100M EUR injection
         | into the Italian budget for 2026 actually be, relatively to the
         | other things?
         | 
         | You're saying they're doing this because they need money, but
         | wouldn't changing the tax rates be more effective at this? 100M
         | feels like a piss in the ocean, when you talk about a country's
         | budget, but since you seem to imply Italy is doing this
         | survive, would be nice to know what ratio this fine represents
         | of their budget, which I'm guessing you have in front of you
         | already?
        
           | franch wrote:
           | Italy's unconsolidated budget for 2025 is projected to be
           | around 700 billion euros in revenue and 900 billion in
           | expenditures:
           | 
           | https://www.rgs.mef.gov.it/VERSIONE-I/attivita_istituzionali.
           | ..
           | 
           | So yeah, whoever talks about these fines as a strategy for
           | fixing the budget knows nothing about the actual budget of a
           | G7 state, these fines are completely immaterial to Italian
           | fiscal policy.
           | 
           | For perspective, that's roughly equivalent to someone with a
           | EUR50,000 annual income finding EUR7 on the street and
           | someone claiming they're doing it "to survive."
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | From a post I saw on reddit:
             | 
             | > In 2024 EU fined US tech companies EUR3.8B meanwhile
             | public internet tech companies paid only EUR3.2B in income
             | tax
             | 
             | How is it not a major budget contribution to have fines on
             | American companies bigger than revenue from your entire
             | tech industry?
             | 
             | That is a de facto tax, particularly when they announce
             | these new fines monthly like clockwork.
        
               | franch wrote:
               | The relevant comparison is fines vs. actual budget, not
               | fines vs. some cherry-picked industry segment. EU general
               | government spending (across 27 nations) in 2023 was
               | around EUR8.4 trillion. EUR3.8B in fines is 0.045% of
               | that, again, completely immaterial.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1379290/government-
               | expen...
        
               | manuelmoreale wrote:
               | Income tax paid by public internet tech companies is not
               | the same as "revenues from the entire tech industry"
               | 
               | This report is indicating around 800B in value for the
               | sector (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-
               | explained/index.php...)
               | 
               | While other reports have significant higher numbers
               | https://en.ilsole24ore.com/art/tech-europe-is-
               | worth-4000-bil...
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > fines on American companies bigger than revenue from
               | your entire tech industry?
               | 
               | 1. As someone already mentioned, taxes != revenue
               | 
               | 2. On top of that, "public internet companies" != "entire
               | tech industry"
               | 
               | 3. On top of that, tax evasion and creative accounting by
               | "public internet companies" companies is well known,
               | documented, and is subject to additional fines (not as
               | often or as much as they deserve)
               | 
               | 4. On top of that "announce these new fines monthly like
               | clockwork" speaks volumes about the state of the "public
               | internet companies" and there continuous disregard for
               | the law.
        
         | next_xibalba wrote:
         | This, I think, is the real answer why this is happening. The
         | motivation behind these huge fines on large U.S. tech companies
         | by EU countries is actually "we need revenue", not "we must
         | protect our users". I would expect this to become another
         | source of strain between the EU and the US as the EU economy
         | continues to atrophy. Especially so if the U.S. economy
         | weakens, too.
        
           | gbalduzzi wrote:
           | European companies are fined all the time as well, you just
           | don't see the news about it, there definitely no ill-intent
           | vs american companies as you are trying to imply
        
       | fn348x2 wrote:
       | On the Euro, Maastricht Treaty circa. ratified in 1992.
       | 
       | Is certainly a leverage in Apple's third-party research.
        
       | earthnail wrote:
       | Surprised by the negative comments here. Usually HN univocally
       | complains about Apple's dominant App Store. Now a government
       | fines them for it and some people are upset?
        
         | petcat wrote:
         | I think people would sympathize more if it was something like
         | "Apple makes choosing a different default browser or email
         | client unnecessarily cumbersome" --
         | 
         | instead of "Apple makes you double-opt-in to sharing your
         | private data with even more advertisers"
        
           | dns_snek wrote:
           | But that's not the story here. I hate ads as much as anyone,
           | but this action is a matter of market competition, not
           | privacy. They're completely different fights and intelligent
           | people ought to be able to distinguish between the two. Anti-
           | competitive behavior by Google, Apple, Meta, etc. is what got
           | us into this mess with tracking and privacy violations in the
           | first place.
        
             | lukeschlather wrote:
             | It's the market for privacy violations. I'd go so far as to
             | say that improving competitiveness in this market probably
             | makes the world worse, by making privacy violations more
             | profitable. If they had fined them for not allowing
             | sideloading, or not allowing third-party payments, it would
             | be a different story. Those are markets I want to see grow
             | and thrive.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | They received a complaint, they investigated and issued a
               | fine. You're asking them to selectively enforce laws
               | based on their subjective opinion of some industry, which
               | would be highly illegal.
               | 
               | The entire advertising industry needs to die and I'll
               | support every fight in pursuit of that goal, but this
               | isn't about that. You don't dismantle an industry by
               | picking a winner and letting them get away with crime.
               | 
               | And yes, there needs to be an EU-wide action over all of
               | those other issues you mentioned too but that has nothing
               | to do with this particular case.
        
               | lukeschlather wrote:
               | I'm not asking them to do anything, I'm just saying I
               | don't particularly find this enforcement action to be
               | cause for celebration.
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | > this action is a matter of market competition, not
             | privacy
             | 
             | Nope.
             | 
             | This is literally about apps having to ask the user for
             | permission before they can track them.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | Can you do me a favor and familiarize yourself with the
               | executive summary document instead of just replying "nuh
               | uh" out of ignorance? See paragraphs 5, 10, and 12 in
               | particular.
               | 
               | They broke competition law. The fact that did so in the
               | advertising industry as opposed to any other is
               | irrelevant to this case.
        
           | earthnail wrote:
           | When Apple introduced these changes, rates for Apple Search
           | Ads tripled.
           | 
           | Because Apple Search Ads are offered by the same company that
           | sold you the device, they are legally not a "third party"
           | service. Apple still tracks your installs, your revenue, your
           | retention period, etc, and uses it for Apple Search Ads.
           | Developers can see these metrics for their own apps.
           | 
           | You can't opt out of this.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | It's almost like the stories on HN always attract more nay-
         | sayers/detractors/negative nancies than positive ones, so if
         | you just go by "general vibe of the comment section by
         | submission theme", it'll always look like HN has split
         | personality disorder, while in reality HN is composed of a wide
         | range of diverse individuals :)
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | It is a nationalistic thing. When foreign governments fine
         | "American" companies, they get all up in arms, while constantly
         | asking the US Government to provide better consumer protections
         | and promote competition.
         | 
         | This position commonly ignores that these fines are against
         | these companies position within the market for which they're
         | fined. Meaning that the EU will look at the EU profits and fine
         | relative to those, so they aren't fining the "American"
         | side/profits of the company but rather their "EU" (or Italian
         | in this case) balance sheet.
        
           | StopDisinfo910 wrote:
           | The EU moved to fining on the basis of global revenues a long
           | time ago to avoid companies using accounting to hide local
           | revenues and avoid fines.
           | 
           | Then again, it could be seen as a tit for tat move regarding
           | how the US applied its laws extraterritorialy using the
           | dollar as a medium so it's bit harsh to complain about the EU
           | when the US started the whole thing.
        
           | amarcheschi wrote:
           | This whole procedure started after Meta (that meta) reported
           | apple to the authority, it's not even an investigation that
           | was started by the authority of its own volition
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | Meta reported that they had to ask users for permission
             | before being allowed to track what users were doing on
             | their device.
             | 
             | This is literally about users having the ability to say no.
        
           | like_any_other wrote:
           | > When foreign governments fine "American" companies, they
           | get all up in arms
           | 
           | Which is ironic, because Apple is more aligned with China
           | than the US:
           | 
           |  _Apple CEO Tim Cook "secretly" signed an agreement worth
           | more than $275 billion with Chinese officials, promising that
           | Apple would help to develop China's economy and technological
           | capabilities_ - https://www.macrumors.com/2021/12/07/apple-
           | ceo-tim-cook-secr...
        
         | dns_snek wrote:
         | You shouldn't be surprised. Almost every single story involving
         | the EU and Apple that I've seen over the past few years was
         | full of low effort responses and generic rants about the EU by
         | people who clearly haven't read past the title, especially when
         | it comes to fines.
         | 
         | Take your pick: "EU is fining us to finance itself", "EU can't
         | innovate", "I can't believe that EU is fining Apple for _[gross
         | misunderstanding of the situation]_ "
        
         | wrxd wrote:
         | I don't think it's surprising. The ideal setup for many people
         | here is an OS that gives them control over what they run and
         | over their data.
         | 
         | An App Store that restrict us from running the application we
         | want is bad. An App Store that prevents applications from
         | tracking us is good. The former restricts our freedom, the
         | latter restricts the freedom of developers who want to take
         | advantage of our data.
        
           | Obscurity4340 wrote:
           | It wasnt until recently that we could even have emulators to
           | play old video games we grew up with, instead of having to
           | buy "clones" one by one for $5/piece. The only thing that was
           | protecting was Apple's profits
        
           | earthnail wrote:
           | Except the Apple App Store literally tracks you, which in
           | turn powers Apple Search Ads.
        
             | wrxd wrote:
             | Have you ever read a comment in favour of Apple Store ads?
             | Every time the topic is discussed here the opinion is very
             | negative.
             | 
             | What I said it's that I don't find it surprising that
             | people generally dislike the App Store but that they also
             | aren't against limiting tracking from apps.
        
         | shkkmo wrote:
         | > Usually HN univocally complains about Apple's dominant App
         | Store.
         | 
         | There is a strong population on HN that dislikes walled
         | gardens. In my experience there are also plenty of people who
         | disagree. There's also a large population that doesn't like EU
         | tech regulations.
         | 
         | The ratio between different parts of the HN population can
         | change significantly depending of stuff like time of day and
         | headline draw. I don't find it particularly surprising, it
         | isn't like HN is a monolith with internally consistent views
         | across the entire population.
        
         | jaredklewis wrote:
         | Ok, but can you give me an example of even ONE specific
         | commenter who has made inconsistent comments on this topic in
         | different threads?
         | 
         | "HN" is lots of different people with lots of different
         | opinions. Different threads select for different commentators.
         | This is not unusual (nor has it been the other thousand times
         | people have commented on the inconsistency of HN).
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | These posts should really have a poll on HN, so we know what
           | HN thinks about the case.
        
             | embedding-shape wrote:
             | Why does it matter what others on HN think? Either you find
             | a comment insightful, read it, upvote and move on. Or it
             | isn't, or maybe it's outright wrong, and you try to correct
             | it. Or you found some question in your head, so you ask
             | that.
             | 
             | Not once have I wondered what "HN at large thinks" because
             | it simply doesn't matter. What HN-the-collective thinks
             | about things-in-general just isn't interesting, people's
             | individual thoughts and opinions though, is so much more
             | valuable to read and interesting.
        
             | jaredklewis wrote:
             | Polls would be just as inconsistent as the comments.
             | Individual contributors would be consistent, but different
             | polls would select for different contributors.
        
         | stronglikedan wrote:
         | It's almost like HN is a (semi-)large community with many
         | different viewpoints!
        
         | port11 wrote:
         | This one's getting negative reception because the optics are
         | crap. I've ranted plenty about Apple, but ATT is a great thing
         | and I don't see how it's "abusing market position". Like, just
         | don't track people across the web and then you don't need to
         | show the ATT pop-up?
        
         | smegma2 wrote:
         | I think comments on pretty much everything skew negative.
         | There's not much to say if you support the fine.
        
       | primer42 wrote:
       | Apple makes, what, $1 billion (with a B) in profit every day.
       | 
       | So this is nothing to them.
        
         | groundzeros2015 wrote:
         | What about profit in Italy?
         | 
         | Relative amounts don't make it right or wrong.
        
       | linhns wrote:
       | I'm on the fence on this matter however they need to look at
       | other actions of fellow big companies, for equality under the
       | laws.
        
       | ursAxZA wrote:
       | I might be missing some procedural detail, but if there's no
       | formal "warning - fixed-window for correction - penalty"
       | sequence, isn't that just state overreach?
       | 
       | If the issue has existed for years, retroactively jumping
       | straight to fines feels less like regulation and more like the
       | government exploiting its timing advantage.
        
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