[HN Gopher] VPN location claims don't match real traffic exits
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       VPN location claims don't match real traffic exits
        
       Author : mmaia
       Score  : 169 points
       Date   : 2025-12-13 19:46 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ipinfo.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ipinfo.io)
        
       | HotGarbage wrote:
       | While exits matter to avoid countries with a nation-wide
       | firewall, the geoip industry is a scourge.
       | 
       | If an ISP wants to help their users avoid geoblocking via
       | https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8805.html more power to them.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | With CGNAT becoming more widespread, formats like this might
         | need expansion to include location data for ports. Ie. Port
         | 10,000-20,000 are consumers in New york, port numbers
         | 20000-30000 are in Boston, etc.
        
           | raggi wrote:
           | Do you have actual evidence of this? What ASN operates this
           | way?
        
           | kalaksi wrote:
           | Sounds awful, though. Maybe we should get more widespread
           | usage for IPv6 instead.
        
             | sgjohnson wrote:
             | Yes. I'll never forgive IETF for standardizing CGNAT back
             | in 2013. They should have just said "no, deploy IPv6 with a
             | transition technology".
             | 
             | If that had happened, IPv4 would likely already could be
             | regarded as a relic of the past.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | The ietf standardization was irrelevant so I would give
               | them some slack. ISPs were using CGNAT already in a
               | widespread fashion. The ietf just said, "if we're gonna
               | do this shit, at least stay out of the blocks used by
               | private networks".
        
         | dustywusty wrote:
         | Can really spot someone who has never had to deal with OFAC
         | with a comment like this. Even if I don't necessarily agree
         | with the concept, or who is actually being blocked, my business
         | is dead in the water if I'm a) sent to prison or b) fined out
         | of existence.
         | 
         | Geographic IP information is one of our best tools to defend
         | against those outcomes, and if anything it should be better.
        
           | HotGarbage wrote:
           | If you were serious about limiting who uses your services
           | you'd use an allowlist of ASNs. Even then, what about users
           | using US-based residential proxies?
        
             | dustywusty wrote:
             | ASNs can obviously span multiple countries, and aren't a
             | great way to gate this at all. While we block ASNs we KNOW
             | are owned/operated by companies in limited countries, but I
             | couldn't imagine a worse way to approach it at scale. Hate
             | doing it, it's heavy-handed and wrong.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | ASNs aren't going to cut it. Google "residential proxies"
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | > Even if I don't necessarily agree with the concept, or who
           | is actually being blocked, my business is dead in the water
           | if I'm a) sent to prison or b) fined out of existence.
           | 
           | Is there some specific way we can get the laws like this to
           | be gone? They're obviously useless (witness this very thread
           | of people describing ways for anyone to get around them) and
           | threatening people with destruction for not doing something
           | asinine isn't the sort of thing any decent government should
           | be doing.
        
         | boredatoms wrote:
         | I hope they can use DNS for this instead like they do PTR
         | entries
        
       | Papazsazsa wrote:
       | Cool, even our privacy protection is fraught with scammers and
       | liars.
        
         | kachapopopow wrote:
         | well to be fair it's not always important to have the server at
         | the geoip since a lot of the time you can measure the real
         | latency of a user behind an ip address anyway.
         | 
         | the only important bit is that it is made clear whenever a
         | given country falls under some category that allows things such
         | as traffic analysis and cataloging.
         | 
         | it's actually often times preferrable to lie about the server
         | location for lower latency access geo-blocked content,
         | particulary when accessing US geo-restricted content in europe.
         | 
         | if you want true privacy you have to use special tools that not
         | only obfuscate the true origin, but also bounce your traffic
         | around (which most of these vpns provide as an option)
        
       | Beijinger wrote:
       | I am not sure that I really understand what they did. I am also
       | missing some major VPNs in the list. I currently use AirVPN but
       | this has something to do with my use case and pricing.
       | 
       | Why do you want to use a VPN?
       | 
       | - Privacy
       | 
       | - Anonymity (hint: don't!)
       | 
       | - unblock geolocation
       | 
       | - torrents
       | 
       | - GFC
       | 
       | The last point is the hardest.
       | 
       | https://expatcircle.com/cms/privacy/vpn-services/
        
         | luckylion wrote:
         | > I am not sure that I really understand what they did.
         | 
         | They checked where the VPN exit nodes are physically located. A
         | lot of them are only setting a country in the whois data for
         | the IP, but do not actually put the exit node in that country.
        
           | Beijinger wrote:
           | Yes, I don't understand the advantage or disadvantage of
           | this. Let's say I need a Colombian IP address, I would figure
           | it out pretty quickly it this was not genuine, except if the
           | geo-block protection would be fooled too.
           | 
           | Most of the "problem" countries are tiny places. Monaco,
           | Andorra etc. It might be tough to rent a server there. And
           | your list of clients should be minimal.
        
             | luckylion wrote:
             | You can easily test this, of course -- the problem isn't
             | that you, the user, cannot find out, it's that you pay for
             | being able to use an endpoint in those countries and can't,
             | because they don't exist.
             | 
             | It's not only small countries either, it affects much of
             | Latin America, including Brazil (PIA's servers were in
             | Miami for BR as well last time I checked). I've
             | occasionally seen it also affect US states where e.g.
             | Massachusetts would be served from Trenton, NJ.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | > I would figure it out pretty quickly it this was not
             | genuine, except if the geo-block protection would be fooled
             | too.
             | 
             | It would (unless the blockers use this company's database I
             | guess):
             | 
             | > The IP registry data also says "Country X" -- because the
             | provider self-declared it that way.
             | 
             | That could be good or bad depending on what you're using
             | the VPN for. E.g. if you only care about evading stupid
             | local laws like the UK's recent Think of the Children Act,
             | then it's actually great because you can convince websites
             | you're in Mauritius while actually getting London data
             | centre speeds.
             | 
             | But if you want to _legally_ be sending your traffic from
             | another country then it 's less great because you actually
             | aren't. To be honest I can't really think of many
             | situations where this would really make a difference since
             | the _exit point_ of your network traffic doesn 't really
             | matter legally. E.g. if a Chinese person insults their dear
             | leader from a VPN exit node in the UK, the Chinese
             | authorities are going to sentence them to just as much
             | slavery as if they did it from a local exit point.
        
       | illusive4080 wrote:
       | Mullvad is the only VPN I will ever trust. Yet again they ace the
       | test.
        
         | cedws wrote:
         | Not sure why you've been downvoted. Somebody protecting their
         | business?
        
         | flumpcakes wrote:
         | I also use Mullvad VPN exclusively for my VPN needs. The fact I
         | can get 6 months of access with a scratch card bought from a
         | store & my account is just a random integer number is an
         | example of privacy by design: no email, no phone numbers, no
         | credit cards. I don't even do anything illegal, I'd just rather
         | have a (what I feel) trusted option when I want to browse the
         | Internet anonymously.
        
           | illusive4080 wrote:
           | Can you buy those in US stores?
           | 
           | I've been paying for Mullvad with Monero for years. Love it
        
             | phantom784 wrote:
             | Amazon, but that kind of defeats the point.
        
               | buildbot wrote:
               | Buy amazon gift card in cash, setup new account, ship
               | scratch card to locker? (Idk if they'd let you do that).
               | 
               | I think you can still mail them cash?
        
           | gspr wrote:
           | You can even just randomly generate such an ID number, write
           | it on a piece of paper and enclose it with cash in one of
           | several currencies, and post it to them.
        
         | drnick1 wrote:
         | The best thing is that they accept crypto. I wouldn't want to
         | pay for a VPN with a credit card in my name.
        
           | hxtk wrote:
           | But you have to get money into your crypto wallet somehow,
           | which makes it relatively easy to deanonymize for most users
           | (serious crypto privacy enthusiasts could of course pay cash
           | for their crypto or perhaps mine it themselves) if they're
           | looking at your traffic specifically, but hard if you're only
           | worried about bulk collection.
           | 
           | IMO the coolest privacy option they have is to literally mail
           | them an envelope full of cash with just your account's cash
           | payment ID.
        
           | jopsen wrote:
           | > I wouldn't want to pay for a VPN with a credit card in my
           | name.
           | 
           | Wow, you must be using the VPN for some seriously shady
           | stuff.
        
       | why-o-why wrote:
       | I tried to use ProtonVPN when I switched over to ProtonMail a
       | year ago. But so much of the web does not work when you're on a
       | VPN. For example even HackerNews has VPN restrictions. More and
       | more sites know where VPN endpoints originate. How will VPNs
       | prevent this in the future without them just become easy to
       | block?
        
         | barfoure wrote:
         | Same issue exists with Tor exit nodes. It's anonymous in that
         | you have a hoodie on with a giant spotlight right on you.
        
           | bgbntty2 wrote:
           | A better metaphor would be that Tor and VPNs are like wearing
           | a mask in public. It's obvious that you're trying to be
           | anonymous, but you're still wearing a mask, so no one knows
           | who you are.
           | 
           | You may be denied entry to certain establishments, but some
           | of the bouncers don't block all masks and if you're
           | persistent with changing your mask (Tor or VPN exit node),
           | there's a good chance you'll get in. CTRL+SHIFT+L works on
           | Tor Browser to change your circuit. The linked article blocks
           | Tor, but after pressing CTRL+SHIFT+L a few times, I was able
           | to read it.
           | 
           | For the sites that don't let me view them via Tor, I can
           | install FoxyProxy and try some IPs from the free public
           | lists. Lots of sites that block Tor don't block these IPs,
           | although it's a bit of a pain. Another option is to load an
           | archived version of the site on archive.org or archive.md (or
           | .is or the various different TLDs it uses).
           | 
           | As for HN - it sometimes gives a "Sorry." if you try to
           | access a certain comment directly, but after a few tries it
           | works. This account was created over Tor and I've only
           | accessed it through Tor. I think my first comment was dead
           | and someone vouched for it, but now my comments appear
           | instantly.
           | 
           | I've heard that banking sites don't work over Tor, but I
           | haven't had a need to use Tor for banking, as the bank
           | already knows who I am pretty well.
           | 
           | Most of the big social media sites don't allow Tor, but if I
           | wanted to create a fake account, I'd most likely buy a
           | residential proxy.
           | 
           | So it's not that bad, considering what you get from Tor (and
           | with some VPNs, depending on your threat model) - no
           | tracking, anonymity and so on.
        
             | speedgoose wrote:
             | To continue on the analogy, many people using a VPN wear a
             | mask but they also keep the same unique combination of
             | clothes that they were wearing a few minutes earlier
             | without a mask.
        
             | rynn wrote:
             | Do you use Tor for everything? How do you deal with the
             | latency?
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | I wonder if using the wifi at a data center has the same broken
         | browsing experience as using a VPN
        
           | debian3 wrote:
           | Yes and No. The internet sees it as a datacenter ip and some
           | will degrade the experience based on that. Other are more
           | strict and use a service like ipinfo.io (the op) to know
           | exactly which Ip are used by a VPN provider and block access
           | based on that list.
        
         | HotGarbage wrote:
         | Apple, for better or worse, has been able to use their size to
         | pressure sites into accepting connections from their Private
         | Relay service.
         | 
         | If VPN usage becomes the norm, sites will have to give in
         | eventually.
        
           | dansmith1919 wrote:
           | Only one I have issues with is Ticketmaster, other than that
           | I forget that it's even on all the time
        
             | simonklitj wrote:
             | I can't access Reddit on Mullvad via Tailscale
        
         | systemtest wrote:
         | Even worse is the Reddit approach, where leaving your VPN on
         | will get your account shadow banned permanently. But you are
         | not notified of that, so if you are wondering why nobody is
         | replying to your comments, check in a private session if you
         | can visit your profile page.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | They can ban VPNs and Tor because it's affordable. Most of
         | their users aren't using VPNs or Tor. Get enough people to use
         | VPNs and Tor and they'll suddenly become unable to drop the
         | traffic.
         | 
         | The ideal world is one where _everyone_ is using Tor. They can
         | only discriminate against you if you 're different from others.
         | The idea behind Tor is to make everyone look like the same
         | user. The anonymity set must be maximized for that to work.
        
         | coppsilgold wrote:
         | As VPN usage proliferates such discrimination starts hurting
         | sites more. For example, a VPN may be left on by a user for
         | whatever reason and when the site they visit doesn't work or
         | makes them jump through hoops they are less likely to visit the
         | site in the future or view it with contempt and abandon it a
         | soon as they are made aware of an alternative.
         | 
         | It takes time for sites to realize the danger, especially with
         | mobile users where fiddling with a VPN is often more hassle
         | than its worth and its just left always on. It's often a good
         | idea to impersonate a mobile user agent for this reason as some
         | sites (or perhaps cloudflare?) started treating them
         | differently. The impersonation needs to be done well (SSL and
         | HTTP fingerprints should also match mobile).
         | 
         | Usually, the more expensive the VPN offering the better the
         | reputation of their IP's. Avoid VPNs that have any kind of free
         | tier like the plague.
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | Same. If this is the situation then what is the use case for
         | most "average" consumers?
        
       | reimertz wrote:
       | I know multiple people who worked / working at Mullvad and they
       | take their business, security and privacy _very_ seriously. Not
       | surprised to see them shine here.
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | Windscribe and iVPN up there with Mullvad in TFA.
         | 
         | > _Mullvad ... security and privacy _very_ seriously. Not
         | surprised to see them shine here._
         | 
         | ? TFA reflects on dishonest marketing on part of public VPN
         | providers more than privacy  / security.
         | 
         | That said, VPNs don't add much security, though, they are
         | useful for geo unblocking content and (at some level) anti-
         | censorship. In my experience, the mainstream public VPNs don't
         | really match up to dedicated censorship-resistant networks run
         | by Psiphon, Lantern, Tor (and possibly others).
        
         | pzmarzly wrote:
         | Coincidentally, Mullvad, Windscribe and IVPN all worked when I
         | was in China behind GFW, while more popular options did not.
         | 
         | Seems like there are VPNs, and then there are VPNs.
        
         | citizenpaul wrote:
         | At risk of sounding sale pitch'y. Mullvad is the only VPN the
         | longer I use the more I like it. I've tried MANY competitors
         | first and all the other ones so far seem to only get worse over
         | time.
         | 
         | I love that I can pay directly with a crypto wallet and have
         | true anonymity.
        
         | spiffytech wrote:
         | I knew they were going to pass the test before I even clicked
         | the article link.
        
       | eek2121 wrote:
       | This was a dumb study, and if they'd asked the VPN providers, I'm
       | sure someone would tell them why.
       | 
       | All the VPN providers I've used let you select the endpoint from
       | a dropdown menu. I'm not using a VPN to make it appear I'm in
       | Russia, I'm using it as one of many tools to help further my
       | browsing privacy.
       | 
       | My endpoint is one of 2 major cities that are close to me. Could
       | I pick some random 3rd world country? Sure! That isn't the goal.
       | The goal is to prevent my mostly static IP address from being
       | tied to sites I use every day.
       | 
       | EDIT:
       | 
       | Small point of clarification:
       | 
       | All the VPN providers I use have custom or 3rd party software
       | that allows you to select a location for the VPN. All of the VPN
       | providers I've used also select the location with the lowest ping
       | times as a default. I suspect most folks are just sticking with
       | the defaults. I certainly haven't strayed outside the US/EU for
       | any of my attempts. I have occasionally selected an EU location
       | for specific sites not available in the US, where I live, but
       | beyond that?
        
         | bloppe wrote:
         | That's great for you. But some people need to pick a specific
         | country. People in different countries often get different
         | prices for things like airline tickets or online subscriptions.
         | Maybe you need to appear from a particular country to access
         | certain media.
         | 
         | I mostly use it to avoid exposing my IP address too, but if I
         | knew my VPN was comfortable with a little light fraud, I'd be
         | concerned about what else they're comfortable with.
        
           | Deathmax wrote:
           | NordVPN calls out when a location is virtual, so unless
           | ipinfo is claiming they have virtual locations that are not
           | labelled as such, they are at least transparent about it.
           | They did document the physical server locations of their
           | virtual locations at launch, but I'm not sure if there's a
           | live doc for new locations. https://nordvpn.com/blog/new-
           | nordvpn-virtual-servers/
        
           | eek2121 wrote:
           | All the ones I use pick one for you, it is up for you to
           | change it, and you play a fat rate per month or year
           | regardless of what you pick.
        
         | aerostable_slug wrote:
         | Re: random countries, sometimes with PIA the Panama exit has a
         | crazily low ping time (I'm physically in California). I wonder
         | what leads to it? Hawaii I can understand, there's a cable
         | landing not far from my physical location, but Panama is a
         | mystery to me.
        
           | ascorbic wrote:
           | If you look at the list in the PIA menu, you'll see Panama
           | has the "geo-located region" icon, which means that it's a
           | virtual one and isn't in Panama.
        
         | ctippett wrote:
         | That may be your use case, but it by no means it's reflective
         | of anyone else's. I live in a country that actively blocks and
         | limits your connectivity to (ordinarily) public websites.
         | Choosing an exit point that's in a different country is very
         | relevant and important.
        
           | eek2121 wrote:
           | You are in the minority. Most folks that subscribe to VPNs
           | are folks in the US, Canada, EU, and other "First World"
           | countries. (I had a source a while back for something
           | completely unrelated, however I didn't save it)
           | 
           | I'm not discounting you at ALL, I'm simply stating that the
           | majority of traffic originate from these countries. Most of
           | these folks just want to hide their IP address for various
           | reasons. Privacy, Piracy, etc. Most don't care if it's in the
           | next largest city, they just don't want it to appear to come
           | from them.
           | 
           | Folks in countries like yours will likely pick endpoints to
           | bypass the government. Folks up to nefarious stuff like
           | cracking web sites, social media influencing, etc. will
           | likely pick the target country more carefully. Anyone else?
           | Whatever is the default.
           | 
           | I recognize this is a hard concept to understand for folks on
           | this site, but the average joe signing up for a VPN doesn't
           | even remotely understand what they are doing and why. They
           | were pitched an idea as a way to solve privacy issues, block
           | ads, etc. and they signed up for it. The software suggested a
           | low latency link, and they went with the default.
           | 
           | The ads for a lot of VPN providers literally use scare
           | tactics to sell the masses on the idea.
        
       | ctippett wrote:
       | I get advertisements for VPN providers almost everywhere. I've
       | never been interested, but I _do_ subscribe to Mullvad via
       | Tailscale. So, I 'm thankful and appreciative that they did their
       | due diligence and partnered with a reputable provider. I've been
       | very happy with the service.
        
       | drnick1 wrote:
       | Looks like the link is dead.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _Looks like the link is dead._
         | 
         | Turn off your VPN?
        
       | ramity wrote:
       | Contrasting take: RTT and a service providing black box knowledge
       | is not equivalent to knowledge of the backbone. To assume traffic
       | is always efficiently routed seems dubious when considering a
       | global scale. The supporting infrastructure of telecom is likely
       | shaped by volume/size of traffic and not shortest paths. I'll
       | confess my evaluation here might be overlooking some details. I'm
       | curious on others' thoughts on this.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | > I'll confess my evaluation here might be overlooking some
         | details.
         | 
         | Yeah like... physics. If you're getting sub-millisecond ping
         | times from London you aren't talking to Mauritius.
        
         | Pyrolol wrote:
         | The speed of light provides a limit on distance for a given
         | RTT, and taking the examples in the article which are less than
         | 0.5ms and considering the speed of light (300km/ms) the
         | measured exit countries must be accurate.
         | 
         | The speed of light in fiber which probably covers most of the
         | distance is also even slower due to refraction (about 2/3).
        
           | ramity wrote:
           | Thanks for your informative reply. I see now I was
           | approaching this incorrectly. I was considering drawing
           | conclusions from a high RTT rather than a RTT so small it
           | would be impossible to have gone the distance.
        
         | seszett wrote:
         | They don't have to assume that traffic is efficiently routed,
         | on the contrary if they can have a <1ms RTT from London to a
         | server, the speed of light guarantees that that server is not
         | in Mauritius EVEN if the traffic was efficiently routed.
         | 
         | It just _can 't_ be outside England, just one 0.4ms RTT as seen
         | here is enough to be certain that the server is less then 120
         | km away from London (or wherever their probe was, they don't
         | actually say, just the UK).
         | 
         | RTT from a known vantage point gives an absolute maximum
         | distance, and if that maximum distance is too short then that
         | absolutely is enough to ascertain that a server is not in the
         | country it claims to be.
        
           | ramity wrote:
           | I see I was mistaken, but I'm tempted to continue poking
           | holes. Trying a different angle, though it may be a stretch,
           | but could a caching layer within the VPN provider cause these
           | sort of "too fast" RTTs?
           | 
           | Let's say you're a global VPN provider and you want to reduce
           | as much traffic as possible. A user accesses the entry point
           | of your service to access a website that's blocked in their
           | country. For the benefit of this thought experiment, let's
           | say the content is static/easily cacheable or because the
           | user is testing multiple times, that dynamic content becomes
           | cached. Could this play into the results presented in this
           | article? Again, I know I'm moving goalposts here, but I'm
           | just trying to be critical of how the author arrived at their
           | conclusion.
        
       | atmosx wrote:
       | Using FreeBSD dummynet it's possible to modify the
       | characteristics of network traffic and emulate e.g. Somalia
       | performance from a datacenter in France.
        
       | systemtest wrote:
       | I'm a big VPN user since I am the citizen of one country and the
       | resident of another. Even for government services I have to use a
       | VPN. I tried to access the bureau of statistics of my home
       | country through my foreign residential IP and got 404s on all
       | pages. Enabled VPN and everything magically started working. For
       | watching the election result video stream I also had to VPN but
       | at least that one gave me a clear message. For doing taxes in my
       | home country I then have to disable VPN since all VPN access is
       | blocked but it's OK to use a foreign residential IP.
       | 
       | I would easily pay EUR30 a month for a VPN in my home country
       | that uses a residential IP and isn't noticeable. I am aware that
       | those exist, but 99% of them are shady.
        
         | simlevesque wrote:
         | > I would easily pay EUR30 a month for a VPN in my home country
         | that uses a residential IP and isn't noticeable. I am aware
         | that those exist, but 99% of them are shady.
         | 
         | For residential IPs you can't even pay per month like normal
         | VPNs, normally they charge per GB, usually over $2 usd per GB.
        
           | nemomarx wrote:
           | Is this be cause they're paying the residential proxy owners
           | some of it?
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Damn, I'm throwing away hundreds of dollars per month.
           | 
           | And I can get a semi-anonymous cable internet connection too
           | (if your line is "hot", you could sign up with any address...
           | not sure if it has to be under the same node or just the same
           | city). Would be difficult, but not impossible, to track down
           | which residence the shadow connection is coming from.
        
         | chmod775 wrote:
         | Do you know anyone in that country who will let you stick an
         | rPI behind their modem?
        
           | systemtest wrote:
           | I have been thinking about it but it is tricky from a legal
           | standpoint. What I'm trying to arrange next time I visit is
           | to have a secondary line installed at my parents place that
           | is in my name. So that when I pull heavy traffic from that
           | line it doesn't impact them and I can't get them in trouble
           | for posting a message that isn't government approved.
        
         | devilbunny wrote:
         | Do you have friends or family in your home country that will
         | run an AppleTV box with Tailscale for you as an exit node?
         | 
         | I can't get into work from a non-US IP, but I can Tailscale
         | back to my house and it works just fine. I even gave my in-laws
         | (who live several states away) an AppleTV box running TS just
         | to have another endpoint if for some reason the power goes out
         | at my house while I'm gone (rare, but happens).
        
         | jddj wrote:
         | Just get a Sim card from home with roaming?
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | Is there any real-life situation in which this matters, though?
       | 
       | If you're picking a country so you can access a Netflix show that
       | geolimits to that country, but Netflix is _also_ using this same
       | faulty list... then you still get to watch your show.
       | 
       | If you're picking a country for latency reasons, you're still
       | getting a real location "close enough". Plus latency is affected
       | by tons of things such as VPN server saturation, so exact
       | geography isn't always what matters most anyways.
       | 
       | And if your main interest is privacy from your ISP or local WiFi
       | network, then any location will do.
       | 
       | I'm trying to think if there's ever a legal reason why e.g. a
       | political dissident would need to control the precise country
       | their traffic exited from, but I'm struggling. If you need to
       | make sure a particular government can't de-anonymize your
       | traffic, it seems like the legal domicile of the VPN provider is
       | what matters most, and whether the government you're worried
       | about has subpoena power over them. Not where the exit node is.
       | 
       | Am I missing anything?
       | 
       | I mean, obviously truth in advertising is important. I'm just
       | wondering if there's any _actual_ harm here, or if this is
       | ultimately nothing more than a curiosity.
        
         | AndroTux wrote:
         | Yes. Let's take an extreme example: you think you exit in
         | Japan, but you're actually exiting in China. This means your
         | traffic will be analyzed and censored by China.
         | 
         | The routers don't care about where the provider says the IP
         | comes from. If the packet travels through the router, it gets
         | processed. So it very much matters if you do things that are
         | legal in one country, but might not be in another. You know,
         | one of the main reasons for using VPNs.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Are any VPN's getting _China_ wrong? It would be pretty
           | obvious. In fact, common VPN 's I'm looking at don't even
           | _support_ China as an option. Obviously no VPN 's are mixing
           | countries up where it becomes clear from what you're allowed
           | to browse.
           | 
           | But so "if you do things that are legal in one country, but
           | might not be in another" is what I'm specifically asking
           | about. Ultimately, legality is determined by the laws that
           | apply to you, not the country your packets come out of. So
           | I'm asking for a specific example.
           | 
           | And I already said, that if a _site_ is attempting to
           | determine permissions based on the country, _it 's doing so
           | via the same list_. E.g. when the country is actually
           | Greenland, but you think it's the UK, _and Netflix also
           | thinks it 's the UK._ Which is why I'm saying, at the end of
           | the day, is there any real consequence here? If _both_ sender
           | and receiver think it 's the UK, what does it matter if it's
           | actually Greenland?
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Attempting to use a VPN location in Somalia and actually
         | getting routed to an exit in Paris or London is not what I
         | would consider "close enough". That's off by 3000 miles. That's
         | like claiming to be in the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil while
         | being in Montreal, Canada. And apparently 28% of locations are
         | off by at least this much
         | 
         | And if I do it for privacy, the actual exit location seems very
         | relevant. Even if I trust the VPN provider to keep my data safe
         | (which for the record I wouldn't with the majority of this
         | list), I still have to consider what happens to the data on
         | either end of the VPN connection. I'm willing to bet money that
         | any VPN data exiting in London is monitored by GCHQ, while an
         | exit in Russia probably wouldn't be in direct view of NSA and
         | GCHQ
        
         | rynn wrote:
         | > Is there any real-life situation in which this matters,
         | though?
         | 
         | You'd be shocked at the number of people in regulated
         | industries that thinks a VPN inherently makes them more secure.
         | If you think your traffic exits in the US and it exits in
         | Canada -- or really anywhere that isn't the US -- that can
         | cause problems with compliance, and possibly data domicile
         | promises made to clients and regulators.
         | 
         | At minimum, not being able to _rely_ on the provider that you
         | are routing your _client's_ data through is a big deal.
        
       | varenc wrote:
       | Very interesting to learn you can identify the real country/area
       | of origin using probe latency. Though could this be simulated?
       | Like what if the VPN IP just added 100ms-300ms of latency to all
       | of its outgoing traffic? Ideally vary the latency based on the
       | requesting IP's location. And also just ignore typical probe
       | requests like ICMP. And ideally all the IPs near the end of the
       | traceroute would do all this too.
       | 
       | To use an example, 74.118.126.204 claims to be a Somalian IP
       | address, but ipinfo.io identifies it as being from London based
       | on latency. Compare `curl ipinfo.io/74.118.126.204/json` vs `curl
       | ipwhois.app/json/74.118.126.204` to see. If that IP ignored pings
       | and added latency to all outgoing packets, I wonder if that would
       | stymie ipinfo's ability to identify its true origin.
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | It isn't just latency, but "triangulation".
         | [IPinfo] pings an IP address from multiple servers across the
         | world and identify the location of the IP address through a
         | process called multilateration. Pinging an IP address from one
         | server gives us one dimension of location information meaning
         | that based on certain parameters the IP address could be in any
         | place within a certain radius on the globe. Then as we ping
         | that IP from our other servers, the location information
         | becomes more precise. After enough pings, we have a very
         | precise IP location information that almost reaches zip code
         | level precision with a high degree of accuracy. Currently, we
         | have more than 600 probe servers across the world and it is
         | expanding.
         | 
         | u/reincoder, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37507355
        
         | deegles wrote:
         | with enough packets you can trilaterate an approximate
         | locatuon. adding random jitter will just delay it a bit.
        
           | DANmode wrote:
           | More than a bit!
        
         | debian3 wrote:
         | If you ping it from UK and it ping >10ms then you know its
         | there. And you are triangulating from multiple countries.
        
           | varenc wrote:
           | You could vary the additional latency based on the location
           | of the IP you're replying to? Or just hash the requesting IP
           | and use that as a seed to generate that particular IP's
           | random extra latency that always stays the same for that IP.
           | Which feels like enough to make triangulation hard. Though
           | I'm just spitballing.
        
         | justinsaccount wrote:
         | Not that simple.
         | 
         | If they added latency to all packets then London would still
         | have the lowest latency.
        
       | cluckindan wrote:
       | This seems like circumstantial evidence for most VPN providers
       | mostly serving customers who are in the business of spreading
       | targeted misinformation on social media.
        
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