[HN Gopher] Analysis finds anytime electricity from solar availa...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Analysis finds anytime electricity from solar available as battery
       costs plummet
        
       Author : Matrixik
       Score  : 128 points
       Date   : 2025-12-13 17:32 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pv-magazine-usa.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pv-magazine-usa.com)
        
       | ramshanker wrote:
       | Has any production battery become cheaper than LEAC ACID for
       | computer UPS ? I have not seen new cheaper UPS getting launched.
        
         | fyrn_ wrote:
         | Many "solar power stations" can be used as a UPS, with
         | competitive switching speed. Just not sold under that label.
         | You can even get one made entirely in the US, but it will cost
         | you: https://enphase.com/store/portable-energy/iq-
         | powerpack-1500-...
         | 
         | But yeah, the cheap chinese "power stations" run circles around
         | most UPS capacity wise. UPS market is very complacent.
        
           | jcheng wrote:
           | Seems like an opportunity for someone
        
             | nomel wrote:
             | No, it's a bad fit. it would be pure marketing. Lipo slowly
             | destroy themselves when charged. Lead acid slowly destroy
             | themselves when _not_ charged.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | There are different LIPO chemistries. LFP in particular
               | has little problem with being fully charged. You'll see
               | it get swapped in for lead acid chemistries even in
               | places like car/motorcycle batteries.
               | 
               | If you want an Lithium power supply then the keyword to
               | look for is "LFP".
        
               | gpm wrote:
               | And LFP is also cheaper per unit energy and less of a
               | fire hazard. Hard to imagine why you would use a
               | different lithium-chemistry in a UPS.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Can't we just not push the lipos to 100% and have the UPS
               | maintain a ~60% charge instead and get a long life span?
        
               | fyrn_ wrote:
               | Many of these power stations (including the one I linked)
               | are LFP chemistry
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | UPS is kinda different since they are hardly used. I haven't
         | done the calculation but it would guess lead acid is still
         | cheaper?
        
         | PaulKeeble wrote:
         | Lead Acid as far as I know is about $500 per KWh of usable
         | space due to their depth of discharge being limited to about
         | 50% and then they last about 3 to 5 years if they kept within
         | their 500 cycles at most. Whereas a LiPho battery will last
         | 10-15 years, 6000 cycles and costs about PS120 a KWh. So I have
         | no idea how UPS based on lead acid is ending up cheaper, its
         | not based on the battery tech cheapness.
        
           | literalAardvark wrote:
           | UPS aren't really cheaper.
           | 
           | Sure, up front you're paying very little for that box that
           | can run your PC for an hour.
           | 
           | But over 2-4 years you'll have to replace that UPS after it
           | fails catastrophically in really dumb ways, and that's if
           | you're lucky and it doesn't also burn your house down,
           | whereas a proper storage system will last for a long, long
           | time with more capability.
           | 
           | In my business I've never had a deskside UPS live longer than
           | that.
           | 
           | And yes, we don't buy the ultra expensive ones. That's true.
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | Some of the power stations from Ecoflow/Anker/Bluetti are
         | competitive in terms of price and capacity while still having a
         | fast enough switchover for UPS purposes.
         | 
         | They tend to have features that may not be necessary for a UPS
         | (eg solar or DC input), while lacking some features that are
         | more common on UPS (eg companion app to turn your computer off
         | when UPS gets low, although you might be able to rig your own
         | solution)
        
         | Nextgrid wrote:
         | Problem with Lithium ones is that they tend to be quite
         | flammable. Lead acid is mostly inert I believe?
        
           | onraglanroad wrote:
           | Weirdly, none of the many phones, tablets and laptops I've
           | owned have ever caught on fire.
           | 
           | I guess I've just been lucky.
        
             | bingo-bongo wrote:
             | It's not as much about the risk of failure, as both are
             | safe when the correct safety measures are in place.
             | 
             | But what might happen when they fail - thermal runaway is
             | no joke with lithium-ion, ask any firefighter.
        
           | andruby wrote:
           | LFP is a lot safer than NMC. I think it's almost on par with
           | Lead-Acid.
        
           | SigmundA wrote:
           | The acid in lead acid is sulfuric acid and if overcharged
           | vents hydrogen gas, thats why they need a ventilated space
           | typically. Sealed lead acid have safety vents that might pop
           | if enough pressure builds.
           | 
           | They are most certainly not inert, they just have well
           | established safety and charging protocols and are not used in
           | very high quantities together because of their low energy
           | density and cycle life.
           | 
           | LFP batteries which have iron phosphate cathodes are very
           | stable compared to colbalt based batteries that tend to have
           | catastrophic failures due to overcharge causing cathode
           | failure. LFP have higher cycle life and are cheaper and
           | typically whats used for storage and application where the
           | loss in erergy density is not a big deal.
        
         | ulnarkressty wrote:
         | Eaton and APC at least have models with LFP chemistry, with
         | comparable prices across power ratings. The LFP will be more
         | expensive though due to the increased longevity, at least until
         | lead-acid ones stops being produced.
        
         | rssoconnor wrote:
         | Do not try this at home, but I replaced the lead acid battery
         | in my UPS with a LFP battery. From what I read online, the
         | charging curves for lead acid batteries and LFP batteries are
         | very similar. The LFP batteries have a slightly higher charging
         | voltage, so I expect my LFP battery to only charge upto about
         | 80% capacity or so due to the charging voltage being slightly
         | too low. I'm hoping the battery will last 10 years instead of 2
         | or 3 years.
         | 
         | Do not try this at home, as changing battery chemistry is quite
         | ill advised.
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | $33 per MWh for solar. What is it for coal or natural gas? Maybe
       | half that?
        
         | Panino wrote:
         | Why would you think that? Solar and wind are both far cheaper
         | than fossil fuels even ignoring the problems caused by coal and
         | methane.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_of_electricity_by_source
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | Fuel cost for gas/coal can be rounded to $2/MWH - so then you
           | need to amortize the cost of the plant over all the energy
           | produced and you get to roughly 2x fuel cost for nat gas
           | plants and 3x - 5x for coal ones. See page 10 here for
           | sensitivity to fuel costs though;
           | 
           | https://www.lazard.com/news-announcements/lazard-
           | releases-20...
        
             | mlwiese wrote:
             | No, Lazard estimates the fuel cost is $22-$23/MWh for Gas
             | Combined Cycle, and $13-$18/MWh for Coal. See pages 39-40
             | of https://www.lazard.com/media/0sopmth5/lazard-
             | releases-2025-l...
        
         | fyrn_ wrote:
         | In the US as of June 2024: Gas peaker plants are: $110-228 And
         | Gas combined cycle: $45-108
         | 
         | PV in the US is also more expensive than globally however:
         | $38-171 for Utility scale with storage, when including
         | subsidies, $60-210 when not.
         | 
         | Coal is so much worse in every cost metric than gas combined
         | cycle it's not worth considering, even leaving the pollution
         | aside.
         | 
         | https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2024-12/34-%20Exh...
        
         | xbmcuser wrote:
         | $100+ meh for natural gas. Solar and battery is so cheap that
         | arab countries are now building large solar and battery systems
         | to save money instead of burning oil and gas. Where as in the
         | US the other big oil and gas producer wholesale electricity
         | prices for Natural Gas is around $100-150 mwh which is cheaper
         | than coal and the major reason coal got pushed out. Then we
         | have China and India where coal is around $40-50 mwh.
         | 
         | So solar and batteries are now cheaper than all other forms of
         | energy/electricity the only problem is finance for poor
         | countries as you need to spend for all the 15-20 years of
         | electricity in one go where as for coal and gas you will spend
         | the same amount over 10-15 years. For rich countries the
         | problem is mostly protectionism as cheap energy would destroy a
         | lot of wealth of people in power.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Solar and storage is the cheapest form of power now. Prices for
         | both will continue to decline.
         | 
         |  _Battery storage hits $65 /MWh - a tipping point for solar_ -
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46251705 - December 2025
        
         | mullingitover wrote:
         | It's already cheaper to _demolish an existing coal plant_ that
         | 's already paid for and replace it with solar + battery. Solar
         | and battery brand new buildout, plus their maintenance
         | overhead, dominates coal even when you only count coal's
         | maintenance cost.
         | 
         | People have it in their heads that this is some bleeding heart,
         | don't ruin the planet thing, but it's plain economics. Non-
         | renewable energy is simply inferior, and will only become more
         | so.
        
           | luqtas wrote:
           | > Non-renewable energy is simply inferior, and will only
           | become more so.
           | 
           | you simply can't say this. despite the lobby against it,
           | solar and wind energy have lifespans of around 20 years and
           | afterwards, it's a freaking mess to deal with recycling and
           | often times, garbage we don't know what to do. not even
           | counting the amount of NASTY chemicals going into the
           | production of solar panels. these are sometimes permanent and
           | will have a great long term impact on ecology if we just
           | start destroying plants to substitute with "green"
           | alternatives mindlessly
           | 
           | one can also make a point that despite wind generators metals
           | and batteries being almost to 100% recyclable, it's heck
           | expensive to do and we don't have infrastructure. a
           | comparison cosidering everything involved may show that
           | hydroelectrics, nuclear, geo-thermal and heck even gas may
           | have a similar or better impact depending on location
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | > it's a freaking mess to deal with recycling and often
             | times, garbage we don't know what to do
             | 
             | I love that this is followed by "so go nuclear!"
        
               | luqtas wrote:
               | i recommend you starting with something easy to digest
               | like this: https://www.amazon.com/Energy-Society-David-
               | Pimentel-Ph-D/dp...
               | 
               | then you can move on and judge what't the panorama of
               | closed/paywalled science found out there (Nature) that
               | evaluates impacts of solar panel not even considering
               | numbers of last batches of thrash from ~ 2010 (which
               | still have 10-15 years till they start filling the world
               | with chemicals like lead)... then may dive into
               | electricity security and distribution and recycling
               | technology to bring up a single ignorant phrase comment
               | downsizing nuclear generation, despite it being safer and
               | ecological on the long-term compared to photovoltaics in
               | LOTS of places, for example
        
             | toss1 wrote:
             | Sure, and none of that amounts to even close to the damage
             | from stripping vast areas of the earth to dig up coal,
             | grinding and transporting it to power plants, then setting
             | it on fire, and releasing tons of CO2, and then disposing
             | of tons of unburnt waste full of NASTY chemicals.
             | 
             | And having to do all that continuously, every day, for the
             | life of the plant.
             | 
             | In every single solution you can point out problems.
             | Complaining that "X isn't perfect" is the easiest and
             | laziest thing in the world to do. Assessing the _ACTUAL_
             | costs and damages _IN PROPORTION_ is more difficult, but
             | actually yields good results.
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | As opposed to coal that pump out NASTY chemicals right now?
        
               | luqtas wrote:
               | i'm not defending coal. i'm just saying that solution to
               | energy is much more broad than the OP seems to pass on
               | "being cheaper to destroy a coal plant and substitute
               | with batteries and solar". i wouldn't be surprised trey
               | sightread titles and didn't realized that it may be
               | economical to re-use an OLD coal plant to produce solar
               | energy but well... my last comment on this thread has it
               | all, great book
        
             | thinkcontext wrote:
             | Its fair to do an accounting of externalities. However, I
             | generally find those raising externality issues with solar
             | and wind wildly overestimate their impact and wildly
             | underestimate the externalities of fossil fuels. You
             | mention the 20 year lifespan, this is a huge benefit
             | compared to fossil fuels. The externalities of oil and gas
             | add up for every second they are used.
        
             | dalyons wrote:
             | Who cares if we never figure out how to recycle them? bury
             | them in a landfill, and we'll still be so far ahead on the
             | pollution front than any other alternative. This is such a
             | non issue
        
       | aswegs8 wrote:
       | Am I dumb or does that sentence "Analysis finds anytime
       | electricity from solar available as battery costs plummet" make
       | no sense grammatically?
        
         | FfejL wrote:
         | The actual headline is:
         | 
         | Analysis finds "anytime electricity" from solar available as
         | battery costs plummet.
         | 
         | Those missing quotes go a long way to making the headline make
         | sense.
        
           | k1t wrote:
           | I think they meant "viable" instead of "available"
        
             | hammock wrote:
             | Just read the subhead. It explains everything.
             | 
             | Ember's report outlines how falling battery capital
             | expenditures and improved performance metrics have lowered
             | the levelized cost of storage, making dispatchable solar a
             | competitive, anytime electricity option globally.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | I.e. making it a viable option.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | Well they are two different words with two different
               | meanings. Both are true in this case. "Available" in the
               | sense "obtainable," "ready for use," "suitable for a
               | purpose" or perhaps "available to investors"
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | Its still really confusing. A better title would be "When
           | solar power from batteries are available, costs plummet"
           | 
           | Or since power has no provenience, "When batteries are
           | available, electricity prices fall"
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | This doesn't really capture their meaning though. They are
             | describing a change in how the solar generated electricity
             | can be treated due to the changing battery prices.
             | 
             | Arguably your edit is more factual. But part of the job of
             | the title in an editorial like this is to tell you what
             | their perspective is.
        
             | fweimer wrote:
             | I assume the intended meaning is "reduced battery costs
             | make around-the-clock solar-generated electricity
             | possible". I don't think it's possible to predict how
             | technical changes in electricity production and storage
             | impact prices.
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | "Falling battery costs make electricity from solar viable
             | day and night"
        
           | evrimoztamur wrote:
           | Baseload, ideally.
        
         | pqdbr wrote:
         | Came in the comment section looking to see if it was just me.
         | Had to read it 4 times
        
         | fweimer wrote:
         | I think "anytime electricity" is a noun phrase, and the rest is
         | just the usual headline shortening. So something like this:
         | 
         | (Analysis finds ((anytime electricity) from solar) available)
         | (as (battery costs) plummet)
         | 
         | In the unsuccessful parse, "anytime" introduces a relative
         | clause.
         | 
         | (Analysis finds [that] (anytime ((electricity from solar) [is]
         | available))) ???
        
         | ttul wrote:
         | If they were going for maximum confusion, why not write, "Solar
         | battery costs plummet analysis findings back anytime
         | electricity availability"?
         | 
         | Subject (((((Solar battery) costs) plummet) analysis) findings)
         | 
         | Verb [back]
         | 
         | Object (anytime (electricity availability))
         | 
         | Garden path sentence structure trap creation relies on initial
         | word parse error encouragement. Brain pattern recognition
         | system default subject-verb-object order preference
         | exploitation causes early stop interpretation failure.
         | 
         | Solar battery costs plummet phrase acting as complex noun
         | modifier group creates false sentence finish illusion. Real
         | subject findings arrival delay forces mental backtrack restart
         | necessity.
         | 
         | Noun adjunct modifier stack length excess impacts processing
         | speed negatively. Back word function switch from direction noun
         | to support verb finalizes reader confusion state.
         | 
         | We write to be understood. Short sentences and simple words
         | make the truth easy to see.
        
           | robwwilliams wrote:
           | Brilliant <ttul>! I would have needed help from Claude to
           | tangle it up so well and on topic. But that last lucid
           | sentence is rubbish.
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | Falling battery prices make storing solar electricity for later
         | use economically viable. This means we can use electricity from
         | solar anytime around the clock. Even accounting for the cost of
         | batteries, it's still competitive with other sources of
         | electricity.
        
         | jt2190 wrote:
         | The source report
         | 
         | "How cheap is battery storage?" https://ember-
         | energy.org/latest-insights/how-cheap-is-batter...
         | 
         | In short: Cheaper batteries plus already cheap solar means that
         | solar is now a cheap source of "anytime electricity".
        
         | neom wrote:
         | To me the context string is just a bit...lumpy or something, I
         | don't think it's directly about the grammar. I would have
         | written something more like: a battery costs plummet, analasis
         | finds "anytime electricity" is now available from solar.
        
       | state_less wrote:
       | The scaling up of battery manufacturing for EVs and now solar
       | storage has lead to prices I would have never imagined I'd see in
       | my lifetime. It's one of the success stories that, having lived
       | through it, has been a real joy.
       | 
       | I know that folks might have been able to point to a graph years
       | ago and said we'd be here eventually, but I had my doubts given
       | the scale required and hacking through all the lobbying efforts
       | we saw against solar/battery. Alas, we made it here!
        
         | ak217 wrote:
         | Alas is right, China is poised to dominate battery, solar, and
         | EV technology and to translate it to military technology as
         | well. Meanwhile the Republicans are blowing up US alliances and
         | sabotaging the battery/EV industrial development policy that
         | was actually making progress in giving the US hope in catching
         | up.
        
           | sdoering wrote:
           | Same here in Germany/Europe. Our conservatives actually
           | destroyed the solar industry for the third time. Our
           | conservative party has actually destroyed significantly more
           | jobs in solar industries over the last 20 years than it keeps
           | alive with subsidies of 70kEUR - 100kEUR per person working
           | in that industry (direct and indirect subsidies make the 70 -
           | 100kEUR range).
           | 
           | But hey, our populist right tell us, that the subsidies for
           | "green technology" are bad and that we need to get rid of
           | them, because they are making energy so expensive in Germany
           | (cleared of inflation energy costs are lower than 2013, 12
           | years ago).
           | 
           | But hey - people vote for those parties. Because they know
           | their economics, not like the leftists, who don't.
           | 
           | Germany (or Europe in general) is fucked. In a few years, we
           | will reap what we now sow. And not because of our social
           | systems or immigration, but because our oh so great political
           | leaders are not willing to invest in the future.
        
             | bootsmann wrote:
             | > cleared of inflation energy costs are lower than 2013, 12
             | years ago
             | 
             | This is not the argument you want to make. Energy prices
             | are a significant component of the basket used to measure
             | inflation. Like yeah, you expect energy prices to sink if
             | you discount for the rise of energy prices. Germany is
             | suffering from high energy prices its the key factor why
             | the country has been stagnating economically for the past 6
             | years.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Their energy prices are an outcome of incompetence,
               | having tied their energy prices to Russia and a gas
               | supply from them. In hindsight, economic diplomacy is not
               | the path to keeping an authoritarian in check; a strong
               | military and energy independence is.
               | 
               | German energy prices will decline with battery storage
               | and more renewables pushing out the last of their coal
               | and fossil gas generation. Should've kept the old nuclear
               | generators running too, as long as possible. Alas, a
               | lesson they've learned.
        
               | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
               | I think this take is too shallow, and based on hindsight.
               | 
               | Germany has had fossil gas ties to Russia since the
               | Soviet time.
               | 
               | https://dw.com/en/russian-gas-in-germany-a-
               | complicated-50-ye...
               | 
               | When the iron curtain fell pretty much all of Central
               | Europe liberalized and democratized. The sole exceptions
               | being Belarus and Russia.
               | 
               | Thinking they wouldn't choose the same path is
               | revisionist.
               | 
               | I remember growing up and gaming online thinking of
               | Russians as nothing strange compared to anyone else. This
               | changed with first Georgia and then very much Crimea.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | _'We were all wrong': how Germany got hooked on Russian
               | energy_ -
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/02/germany-
               | depend... - June 2nd, 2022
               | 
               | > An arrangement that began as a peacetime opening to a
               | former foe has turned into an instrument of aggression.
               | Germany is now funding Russia's war. In the first two
               | months after the start of Russia's assault on Ukraine,
               | Germany is estimated to have paid nearly EUR8.3bn for
               | Russian energy - money used by Moscow to prop up the
               | rouble and buy the artillery shells firing at Ukrainian
               | positions in Donetsk. In that time, EU countries are
               | estimated to have paid a total of EUR39bn for Russian
               | energy, more than double the sum they have given to help
               | Ukraine defend itself. The irony is painful. "For thirty
               | years, Germans lectured Ukrainians about fascism," the
               | historian Timothy Snyder wrote recently. "When fascism
               | actually arrived, Germans funded it, and Ukrainians died
               | fighting it."
               | 
               | > When Putin invaded Ukraine in February, Germany faced a
               | particular problem. Its rejection of nuclear power and
               | its transition away from coal meant that Germany had very
               | few alternatives to Russian gas. Berlin has been forced
               | to accept that it was a cataclysmic error to have made
               | itself so dependent on Russian energy - whatever the
               | motives behind it. The foreign minister, Annalena
               | Baerbock, says Germany failed to listen to the warnings
               | from countries that had once suffered under Russia's
               | occupation, such as Poland and the Baltic states. For
               | Norbert Rottgen, a former environment minister and member
               | of Angela Merkel's Christian Democrat Union (CDU), the
               | German government bowed to industry forces pressing for
               | cheap gas "all too easily", while "completely ignoring
               | the geopolitical risks".
               | 
               | > In February this year, German Green economic affairs
               | and climate action minister Robert Habeck said that gas
               | storage facilities owned by Gazprom in Germany had been
               | "systematically emptied" over the winter, to drive up
               | prices and exert political pressure. It was a staggering
               | admission of Russia's power to disrupt energy supplies.
               | 
               | > "I was wrong," the former German finance minister,
               | Wolfgang Schauble, says, simply. "We were all wrong."
               | 
               | We win or we learn.
        
               | lysace wrote:
               | See also: Gazprom, Gerhard Schroder ("Putin's man in
               | Germany" according to NYT) and the German nuclear power
               | shutdown.
               | 
               | https://atomicinsights.com/gazprom-profiting-mightily-
               | from-g...
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/23/world/europe/schroder-
               | ger...
        
               | jack_tripper wrote:
               | _> > "I was wrong," the former German finance minister,
               | Wolfgang Schauble, says, simply. "We were all wrong."_
               | 
               | So when are they retroactively giving back their salaries
               | and pensions for having fucked up the livelihoods of
               | their taxpayers?
               | 
               | Politicians have no incentive to ever make good decisions
               | for the future of their country without any skin in the
               | game from which their personal riches are derived.
               | 
               |  _> We win or we learn._
               | 
               | Jensen Huang said that failure is learning but sometimes
               | failure is just failure and you should know when to cut
               | your losses before the failure goes from learning to
               | bankruptcy. And Germany did far more failure than
               | actually learning.
        
               | braincat31415 wrote:
               | A self inflicted wound. Europe keeps entering into spot
               | gas supply contracts and paying through the nose instead
               | of signing longer-term contracts for lower prices. The
               | Russians have always been reliable suppliers even after
               | sanctions took place, and calls from some hotheads to use
               | gas as leverage was never seriously followed through by
               | the real decision makers. And Habeck is an idiot. Lately
               | Germany has not been buying enough summer gas to keep the
               | storage full, and of course the storage gets emptied
               | during the winter - people need to keep warm. To imply
               | that Gazprom is somehow stealing gas from these
               | facilities to exert political pressure is ludicrous,
               | expecially since Gazprom has not even owned these
               | facilities since 2022.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | _Europe Locks In Endgame for Russian Gas And Oil_ -
               | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/europe-locks-endgame-
               | russian-... - December 9th, 2025
        
               | Gibbon1 wrote:
               | > Thinking they wouldn't choose the same path is
               | revisionist.
               | 
               | Societies tend to not change how things work no matter
               | who is in charge.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | That is a myopic view of history.
               | 
               | Just look around yourself. No society is comparable to
               | what it was 10 years ago, 20 years ago, etc, in any
               | country. If you think nothing changed in a society,
               | you're just poorly informed.
        
             | tirant wrote:
             | I don't care if German prices for electricity are below
             | inflation. They're just still expensive. As an EV owner is
             | difficult to find an electricity provider with costs below
             | 0,25EUR/kWh, and most of them go beyond 0,30EUR. While I
             | had prices in other European countries for around
             | 0,05EUR/kWh at night for example.
             | 
             | Not only that, Conservatives, Socialists and the Green all
             | managed to increase our electricity CO2 footprint by moving
             | from nuclear to coal/lng.
        
               | junto wrote:
               | That's mainly because German has fucked up the smart
               | meter rollout. In their wisdom they separated the meter
               | and the gateway when other countries just combined it.
               | They also made it super secure (good), but then didn't
               | look at the fact that lots of people live in rented
               | apartments and their meters in the cellars have really
               | poor or no cellular connectivity. When Germany can
               | finally do steerable dynamic loads properly at 95% of the
               | market rather than under 10%, it will finally make a
               | difference on steering pricing for such consumers as
               | yourself.
               | 
               | Germany is investing in massive battery parks dotted
               | around the grid. This will make a difference to
               | supporting base load and offsetting coal, but it will
               | take time.
               | 
               | If there's anything about the Germans you can count on,
               | is that they move slowly.
        
               | jack_tripper wrote:
               | _> but then didn't look at the fact that lots of people
               | live in rented apartments_
               | 
               | How would the political class know this obvious fact from
               | the top of their ivory McMansions?
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | "If there's anything about the Germans you can count on,
               | is that they move slowly."
               | 
               | What happened to Blitzkrieg?
        
             | aktuel wrote:
             | > cleared of inflation energy costs are lower than 2013, 12
             | years ago
             | 
             | Dude, soaring energy prices are driving inflation. That's
             | like saying the prices are lower if you just keep ignoring
             | everything that actually makes them more expensive. Duh.
        
           | api wrote:
           | It's the innovators dilemma. We have so much not just
           | technical but cultural and political sunk cost in fossil
           | fuels and traditional industrial era infrastructure. The
           | Chinese are just developing now and don't have so much of
           | that sunk cost. So they can think like it's the future. We
           | are stuck in the past.
           | 
           | Eventually there may come a day when it's China that is stuck
           | in the past, looking back to the early 21st century like we
           | look back to the middle twentieth, and someone else will be
           | ascendant.
           | 
           | I really felt like Trump's 2024 election was the moment it
           | became the Chinese century. It was the moment we chose to
           | exit our position of world leadership both culturally and
           | technologically.
        
             | jack_tripper wrote:
             | _> I really felt like Trump's 2024 election was the moment
             | it became the Chinese century. _
             | 
             | You must have been asleep at the wheel or living under a
             | rock to have mised China's rise over the last decades. They
             | didn't wait for Trump to get elected in 2024 and then
             | flipped a switch from third world country to global
             | superpower.
             | 
             |  _" Damn, this hot cup of coffee burned my tongue. Why
             | would Trump do this?"
             | 
             | -HN comments_
        
               | api wrote:
               | No I saw it. I just felt like that was the moment it
               | tipped.
        
               | jack_tripper wrote:
               | You saw what? More like you missed decades.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | This is exactly right, IMHO. We were in a course to
               | counter China's momentum, we had handled COVID so much
               | better, our industry had a huuuuuuge investment in it and
               | was poised to take tiff.
               | 
               | And then it was all killed. And we are killing off our
               | other competitive edges over China, the way we attract
               | all the world's best science and tech talent to build
               | here in the US rather than in their own countries. We
               | have sat back scientific research 2-5 years by
               | drastically cutting grants in nonsensical ways and
               | stopping and decimating a class of grad students.
               | 
               | We were the most admired country in the world, and in a
               | short amount of time we have destroyed decades of hard
               | work building a good reputation.
               | 
               | We won't get that back in a year or two, it's going to be
               | decades of work.
        
               | jack_tripper wrote:
               | _> our industry had a huuuuuuge investment in it_
               | 
               | Which industry? How 'huuuuuge' was the investment?
               | 
               |  _> We were the most admired country in the world_
               | 
               | According to who?
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | This was reported all over, but certain circles
               | considered it politically incorrect to acknowledge that
               | anything good happened in the years 2020-2024, so perhaps
               | you can be excused for missing it. Some random web hits.
               | Check out the graphs herein the massive investment in
               | factories:
               | 
               | https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/econographics/the-
               | ira-...
               | 
               | https://www.manufacturingdive.com/news/inflation-
               | reduction-a...
               | 
               | Back then when I would inform the politically cloistered
               | about this massive boom in factory construction and the
               | hope for US manufacturing in strategically important
               | energy tech, the most pointed critique was "yeah there's
               | lots of spending but that doesn't mean that the factories
               | are going to make anything." Turns out the skeptics were
               | right. It was a huge mistake that all this stuff went
               | into areas where it is politically incorrect to
               | acknowledge that clean energy is changing the world.
               | Management was not able to trumpet the new investment and
               | the workers dont want to acknowledge what's driving the
               | new higher wages.
               | 
               | As for the US being the most admired country, I work in
               | science and a bit in entrepreneurship. The US was so far
               | and away the leader in these that there's no comparison
               | at all to any other country. Any visitor is completely
               | blown away when they see what's going on, even when they
               | heard ahead of time how much better science and startups
               | are in the US. It's a bit shocking that you think the US
               | was not one of the most admired countries out there,
               | unless you're posting from China or Russia.
        
               | nutjob2 wrote:
               | It was that Trump and the MAGA crowd conceded to the
               | Chinese by destroying US goodwill and credibility built
               | up over decades. The US will probably never recover those
               | advantages, just as China is ratcheting up its program of
               | dominance. Trump et al have destroyed many things that
               | made the US great.
               | 
               | It's bewildering why anyone would do such a thing but
               | here we are.
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | May be it is not of an innovators dilemma?
             | 
             | Chinese CCP are willing to scarifies whatever traditional
             | industrial era infrastructure in order for things to move
             | forward and gain a global advantage. Especially when they
             | are not the one paying for the scarifies.
        
             | mcswell wrote:
             | "Make America Little Again" --Donald J. Trump
        
           | calvinmorrison wrote:
           | good. maybe we can copy some shit for cheap and leap frog a
           | few generations instead of leading the world!
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | Unlikely, since our labor costs are still considerably
             | higher than elsewhere. For a very long time our economy has
             | rested on developing high margin products and letting
             | others do the low-marginal-overhead of making it. We
             | assumed that they were not going to catch up to us as
             | innovators.
             | 
             | That was a dangerous mistake, and we may be left with
             | nothing.
        
               | dalyons wrote:
               | Chinas labor costs are no longer cheap either. They just
               | have higher tech factories now.
        
           | antonvs wrote:
           | > Alas is right, China is poised to dominate ...
           | 
           | Are you saying "alas for citizens of the US who see things in
           | competitive nationalist terms"?
           | 
           | Seems like a win for everyone else, no? What happened to
           | "competition", or is that something that's only supposed to
           | be beneficial within the US?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Are you saying "alas for citizens of the US who see
             | things in competitive nationalist terms"?_
             | 
             | He's saying it as a realist.
             | 
             | China is building the equivalent to America's sanctions
             | power in their battery dominance. In an electrified
             | economy, shutting off battery and rare earths access isn't
             | as acutely calamitous as an oil embargo, but it's similarly
             | shocking as sanctions and tariffs.
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | > shutting off battery and rare earths access
               | 
               | Trump just leveraged Magnitsky sanctions against
               | brazilian authorities to obtain access to brazilian rare
               | earths until 2030.
        
               | dalyons wrote:
               | Yes and no - yes it's dumb to give up and let china have
               | a defacto monopoly on the future of energy production.
               | But no insofar as sanctions on battery and solar don't
               | hit the same as oil and other things. Because once you
               | have them, they keep producing for you.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _sanctions on battery and solar don't hit the same as
               | oil and other things_
               | 
               | Oil hits hardest. I'm comparing financial sanctions to a
               | battery embargo. Both are slow. Both are powerful.
        
             | ak217 wrote:
             | China is governed by the CCP, which holds the world record
             | for the number of people murdered by the state, feeds its
             | citizens militaristic propaganda at scale, is currently
             | controlled by a guy who fancies himself a dictator, and is
             | politically stable only as long as it continues to suppress
             | free speech and free trade. It takes a dangerous kind of
             | willful naivete to just ignore that fact.
        
               | antonvs wrote:
               | What kind of willful naivete does it take to ignore the
               | nature of the current government of the United States?
        
               | Zigurd wrote:
               | He's not ignoring it.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | Yours?
               | 
               | I'm sick and tired of whataboutism from people who are
               | somehow motivated to carry water for aggressive
               | dictatorships that threaten the rest of us. I've already
               | lost my birth country to zombies like that (they call
               | them z-patriots, or turbopatriots, the supporters of
               | Russia's invasion of Ukraine). In case you missed it, my
               | original comment was intended as a criticism of the
               | current government of the United States.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | This is oversimplified view of the world and China.
               | 
               | China being powerful is not something new, it was the
               | world's largest economy for 18 of the past 20 centuries
               | (with exceptions being parts of the 19th and 20th
               | centuries, when Western Europe and then the US surged
               | ahead after the industrial revolution).
               | 
               | > is politically stable only as long as it continues to
               | suppress free speech and free trade.
               | 
               | Your analysis is through the lens of Western culture. The
               | definition and understanding of freedom and harmony are
               | entirely different in China. I was in China and
               | experienced this myself, so this is firsthand experience,
               | not something I picked up from blogs or news.
               | 
               | In the Chinese context, freedom is defined collectively
               | so freedom from chaos, poverty, foreign domination etc,
               | whereas here in the West it's individual liberty. Harmony
               | and social stability are seen as more valuable than
               | political pluralism, so authoritarian governance is
               | culturally framed as legitimate. You know that 100
               | million Chinese travel abroad every year and all of them
               | come back to China? Chinese leaders and citizens still
               | remember periods of fragmentation and civil war.
               | 
               | There is a widespread belief that adopting a Western
               | adversarial political model could reintroduce instability
               | and weaken national unity so something China cannot risk
               | given its size and diversity (you know how many
               | ethnicities there are in China?)
               | 
               | This is their natural state. China has a long history of
               | centralized, bureaucratic governance (over 2k years since
               | the Qin Dynasty), where stability and order are
               | prioritized.
        
               | ak217 wrote:
               | Yeah. I have also been to China myself, and have first
               | hand experience walking around Hong Kong with people who
               | later found themselves in jail, or riding the subway
               | getting bombarded with saturation level jingoistic
               | propaganda urging attack against the capitalist
               | aggressors, or getting a tour of Beijing from a friend
               | who worked as a photojournalist and found himself
               | followed by the security services and had to leave and
               | seek asylum with his family.
               | 
               | The silent majority is silent, yes. Those who try to do
               | something get pushed out, or worse. It's the double-edged
               | sword of immigration. But the Chinese people love freedom
               | like the rest of us - you don't need to go far to
               | disprove your entire narrative, Taiwan and Singapore are
               | right there.
        
               | lossolo wrote:
               | Then you've had a very different experience than I have.
               | If you don't mind me asking, where exactly were you in
               | mainland China, and for how long?
               | 
               | Hong Kong isn't representative of China. I've been there
               | and honestly, it felt like a post colonial UK dump. Going
               | directly from Shenzhen to Hong Kong felt like going from
               | a first world country to a third world one, but I
               | digress.
               | 
               | I also talked with Hong Kongers (this year), and they
               | told me a different story, one that isn't so black and
               | white as the worldview you're projecting onto others.
               | 
               | > or getting a tour of Beijing from a friend who worked
               | as a photojournalist and found himself followed by the
               | security services and had to leave and seek asylum with
               | his family.
               | 
               | That's another interesting anecdote. I actually know a
               | photo blogger and a local journalist from China, neither
               | of them is being followed by the security services, and
               | neither has sought asylum anywhere. What was so unique
               | about your friend?
               | 
               | > But the Chinese people love freedom like the rest of us
               | - you don't need to go far to disprove your entire
               | narrative, Taiwan and Singapore are right there.
               | 
               | You know Singapore isn't exactly a "free" country either,
               | right? And Singaporeans are generally fine with that and
               | accept the trade off. So who's disproving whose narrative
               | here?
               | 
               | Different cultures have different systems and trade offs,
               | different value systems and philosophies of life. But
               | some people seem not to understand that and view
               | everything through the lens of their own values,
               | convincing themselves there's only one "right" way to
               | live and that everything else is evil. The Holy Crusades
               | had similar vibes.
        
             | nutjob2 wrote:
             | It's alas for everyone but China. Who wants to be dependent
             | on an aggressive totalitarian state?
             | 
             | You can't compete fairly with China because the government
             | applies massive subsidies and is coercive with both imports
             | and exports.
             | 
             | Right behind Russia, China is the biggest threat to global
             | order and peace. It's no accident they are in cahoots.
        
               | antonvs wrote:
               | Where do you place the United States under the Trump
               | administration in that list?
               | 
               | I'm getting a strong sense of denial in this thread.
        
         | alexose wrote:
         | In addition to coming so far down in price, it's amazing to me
         | how _good_ the technology has gotten. Batteries that can easily
         | discharge 5C in cold weather, cycle 10000 times, survive harsh
         | conditions with zero maintenance. Panels that last for decades.
         | 
         | Which is why it makes me especially angry that the current US
         | government is throwing away this gift in order to appease a
         | bunch of aging leaders of petro-states. Literally poisoning the
         | world for a 10-15 year giveaway to the richest of the rich.
         | 
         | I take some solace knowing that fossil fuels are now a dead
         | end. And even though certain people are trying to keep the
         | industry going, that end is sooner than ever.
        
           | venturecruelty wrote:
           | We _are_ the petro-state, and they 're _our_ aging leaders.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | > cycle 10000 times
           | 
           | This is truly important, allowing the plummeting cost of the
           | batteries to be amortized over so many cycles.
        
         | chrisweekly wrote:
         | Yes! It's awesome!
         | 
         | (Also, "alas" is a lament, expressing sadness, which is clearly
         | not your intent.)
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | You are certainly not alone in your beliefs, but it always
         | amazes me which technologies get the benefit of doubt and which
         | are severely penalized by unfounded doubt. Solar and especially
         | batteries are completely penalized and doubted in a way that
         | defies any honest assessment of reality. The EIA and IEA
         | forecasts are as terrible as they are because the reflect this
         | unrealistic doubt (random blog spam link, but this observation
         | is so old that it's hard to find the higher quality initial
         | graphs)
         | 
         | https://optimisticstorm.com/iea-forecasts-wrong-again/
         | 
         | Similarly, nuclear power gets way too much benefit of the
         | doubt, which should simply vanish after a small amount of due
         | diligence on construction costs over its history. It's very
         | complex, expensive, high labor, and has none of the traits that
         | let it get cheaper as it scales.
        
           | solarengineer wrote:
           | https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/boards-policy-
           | regulat...
           | 
           | 10 new plants at USD 2.7 Billion each. They take six years to
           | build. USD 2/Watt. They have standardised designs, have
           | invested in grownig their manpower and know-how.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | If you believe China's internal pricing numbers, sure....
             | 
             | But their actual investments in billions of dollars and in
             | GW show that nuclear is not competing with solar, and is
             | sticking around for hedging bets. They the are deploying
             | far far far more solar and storage than nuclear. And if
             | those nuclear costs were accurate, then nuclear would be
             | far preferable. $2/W is incredible, as in perhaps not
             | credible, but it would also be far cheaper than solar.
             | 
             | And even if China figured out how to build that cheaply, it
             | doesn't mean that highly developed countries will be able
             | to replicate that. Nuclear requires a huge amount of high
             | skill, specialized labor, and doing that cheaply is only
             | possible at certain levels of economic development. As
             | economies develop to ever higher productivity, the cost of
             | labor goes up, and it's likely that nuclear only ever makes
             | sense at a very narrow band of economic development.
        
         | jauntywundrkind wrote:
         | In general it's obvious this is the trend & amazing.
         | 
         | It is a little surprising to me that some markets don't see the
         | benefit. I was pretty delighted ~8 years ago to get some
         | 4500mah 6s batteries RC (under 100Wh) for ~$65 but the price
         | doesn't feel like it's changed much since, based on some light
         | shopping around. Just wanted to note what I perceived as an
         | unevenness.
         | https://rcbattery.com/liperior-4500mah-6s-40c-22-2v-lipo-bat...
        
       | codersfocus wrote:
       | Does anyone know whether it makes sense to setup solar arrays
       | closer to users or to concentrate them in sunny places and send
       | them throughout the country?
       | 
       | e.g. an analysis of whether we should setup all the solar farms
       | in Nevada for the whole country... set them up in the general
       | south and transmit north... or will each state have their own
       | farms?
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | High voltage transmission lines are really quite efficient, and
         | concentrating generation is usually the right choice.
         | 
         | That said, it doesn't make sense to have just a single place
         | for the entire country, as there are multiple grids in the US
         | (primarily East, West, and Texas), and with very long
         | transmission you can get into phase issues.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | Concentrating generation made sense when transmission was
           | cheap in comparison.
           | 
           | But one effect of ever cheaper solar is that transmission
           | costs start to dominate generation costs, because
           | transmission is not getting cheaper.
           | 
           | Cheap solar and storage requires rethinking every aspect and
           | all conventional wisdom about the grid. Storage in particular
           | is a massive game changer on a scale that few in the industry
           | understand.
        
         | estimator7292 wrote:
         | We don't put all our coal and gas plants out in the desert,
         | they're next to and within our cities.
         | 
         | Physically transporting electricity across distance is _very
         | expensive_ and a not-insignificant amount of power is simply
         | lost on the way. These problems only get worse as the amount of
         | power goes up, and the danger grows very quickly as power goes
         | up. Plus the strategic and logistical benefits of distributed
         | generation.
         | 
         | Simply put you _can 't_ centralize generation for the entire
         | country. There's no practical way to actually transport that
         | much power. Not with the technology we have today. If we had
         | high-temperature superconductors then it would make more sense.
         | But with standard metal wires, it's not happening.
        
           | DamonHD wrote:
           | In the GB (UK mainland) grid only ~2% of energy is lost in
           | transmission; distribution is more typically ~5%. And we did
           | put most of our big thermal power generation in the middle of
           | the country, which is now causing difficulties as we need to
           | re-jig transmission to accept offshore wind and
           | interconnectors.
           | 
           | Solar PV on rooftops is great, injecting power directly at
           | the load, eliminating transmission and distribution losses
           | until there is excess to spill back to grid. It would be
           | helpful if we stopped running an entirely artificial
           | timetable in winter that demands heavy activity well outside
           | daylight hours, so that demand better matched availability.
        
           | coryrc wrote:
           | > Simply put you can't centralize generation for the entire
           | country.
           | 
           | Depends on the country.
           | 
           | In Washington state, our power sources are not next to our
           | population centers; in fact many are in the center of our
           | state! And our state would be the 87th-biggest-country out of
           | 197 in the world.
           | 
           | USA averages 6% transmission loss. New long-distance
           | transmission lines are HVDC and have far less loss over
           | distance. But people oppose them for dumb and good reasons;
           | why would I in Washington state want to have good connections
           | to California so the local producers can reduce supply and
           | drive up prices?
        
         | aaronblohowiak wrote:
         | technically or politically?
        
         | ericd wrote:
         | Distributed. New transmission lines have big nimby issues, and
         | many existing corridors are already getting overloaded. There
         | are recurring attempts to reform the permitting process (in the
         | last Congress it was called EPRA/energy permitting reform act),
         | but... we'll see.
         | 
         | Bureaucracy is the main thing holding back clean energy right
         | now, rather than economics. You can see this in how Texas,
         | which has lax grid regulation but isn't biased towards clean
         | energy has far surpassed CA, which subsidizes and got a big
         | head start, in wind/solar generation in a few years.
        
         | wrsh07 wrote:
         | Casey Handmer is a huge solar bull and his estimate is that
         | solar becomes cheaper than any other form of electricity even
         | when generated from northern states by 2030 (likely sooner)
         | 
         | Iirc solar is meaningfully more efficient (30-50%) in southern
         | states, so it will likely make sense to place energy intensive
         | workloads in locations with more direct sun.
         | 
         | However, the cost of transmitting additional power is
         | interesting and complex. Building out the grid (which runs
         | close to capacity by some metric^) is expensive: transmission
         | lines, transformers or substations, and acquiring land is
         | obvious stuff. Plus the overhead of administration which is
         | significant.
         | 
         | So there's a lot of new behind-the-meter generation (ie
         | electricity that never touches the grid)^^
         | 
         | With all that in mind, I expect energy intensive things will
         | move south (if they have no other constraints. Eg cooling for
         | data centers might be cheaper in northern climes. Some
         | processing will make sense close to where materials are
         | available) But a significant amount of new solar will still be
         | used in northern states because it's going to be extremely
         | cheap to build additional capacity. Especially capacity that is
         | behind-the-meter.
         | 
         | ^ but not others! Eg if you're willing to discuss tradeoffs you
         | might find dozens of gw available most of the time
         | https://www.hyperdimensional.co/p/out-of-thin-air
         | 
         | ^^ patio11 has a good podcast about this
         | https://www.complexsystemspodcast.com/episodes/the-ai-energy...
         | Disclaimer: my employer apparently sponsored that episode
        
           | DamonHD wrote:
           | IMHO "efficient" isn't really the right term in your second
           | para. The PV generation per W incoming is actually a little
           | lower at higher ambient temperatures, but is otherwise fairly
           | constant.
           | 
           | I assume that you mean higher kWh/y/kWp, ie you get more
           | generation out of a given solar panel in the south each year.
        
             | wrsh07 wrote:
             | I meant kw h/m^2/d I think, but I'm not sure what the
             | simplest way to say that is
             | 
             | I think you and I are saying the same thing though!
        
         | grensley wrote:
         | The transmission network is underbuilt, so it's mostly best to
         | generate closer to where it's consumed (especially for data
         | centers).
         | 
         | We'll continue to see a mix though of Residential / Commercial
         | & Industrial / Utility Scale
         | 
         | There are about 7,000 Utility scale sites in the US right now,
         | so even the big boys there are fairly distributed.
        
         | lukan wrote:
         | If you would have a high voltage DC transmission line already,
         | linking the dessert and the clouded cities far away, then it
         | makes sense. I think it is worth building them, but it is a big
         | investment. Many lines are proposed, some already build, but
         | with the current US administration I don't think it is a
         | priority.
         | 
         | So decentral is the current way to go.
         | 
         | That is the current state in the US
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HVDC_projects#/map/3
        
       | empiricus wrote:
       | All nice and beautiful, but I don't understand how will this work
       | in the winter in the temperate areas. You maintain parallel
       | natural gas installations and ramp them up in the winter? Does
       | this doubles the cost?
        
         | Carlseymanh wrote:
         | One of the few problem of nuclear is summer time water use.
         | Combining solar with nuclear would be the best option in my
         | opinion.
        
           | datadrivenangel wrote:
           | Nuclear plants, like most large thermal plants, are almost
           | always located near large bodies of water and return that
           | water downstream so it doesn't really matter?
        
             | moooo99 wrote:
             | It does when you care about the environmental impact of
             | your cooling (and also consider the fact that droughts are
             | an increasingly severe problem).
        
             | pbmonster wrote:
             | It matters when the level of that body of water drops by a
             | lot in summer and the water temperature rises at the same
             | time. Add environmental laws (cooking the fish is
             | discouraged), and your nuke plant needs to go into safety
             | shutdown pretty reliably every summer.
        
             | lukan wrote:
             | It matters if people don't want to see the rivers full of
             | dead fish, so last year there were already shutdowns
             | because of heatwaves.
             | 
             | https://www.euronews.com/2025/07/02/france-and-
             | switzerland-s...
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | Historically the biggest impediment to nuclear power has been
           | incompetent construction management and project management.
           | Incompetent is a strong word for it but nuclear power plants
           | are the largest capital equipment purchases on the planet.
           | Even modern so-called modular designs can't save poor project
           | management, and learn as you go engineering.
           | 
           | That so mundane and should be easy to fix, right? That's why
           | I bring up scale. Nobody has experience running projects that
           | big. Some things are just too big to manage.
        
         | jansan wrote:
         | This probably depends a lot on how close you are to the
         | equator. Here in Germany output of solar in winter is
         | negligible, and if there is no wind, which can happen for
         | several consecutive weeks, we need a backup. No utilities
         | company will build a fossil power plant that will be used only
         | a few weeks per year, so our government will have to step in to
         | make sure this happens.
         | 
         | On top of this you have very high costs for an increasingly
         | complex grid, which needs to be built and then maintained.
         | Prices will never again be as low as in the fossil/nuclear era.
        
           | morsch wrote:
           | Here are some numbers: January 2025, the output of solar was
           | ~1500 GWh, it peaked in June at 10500 GWh. So the lowest
           | output was about 15% of the maximum, this year.
           | 
           | https://www.energy-
           | charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?l=en&...
           | 
           | https://www.energy-
           | charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?l=en&...
           | 
           | Looking at wind, the ratio between min and max per week is
           | about 1:5 (~1200 vs ~6000 GWh). Just as there is always
           | _some_ solar power generation, there is never no wind, though
           | looking at those charts there were 4 weeks in the late summer
           | of 2023 when production was low consecutively, between 700
           | and 1000 GWh.
        
             | gpm wrote:
             | > it peaked in June at 10500 GWh
             | 
             | And 8280 GWh the previous June for those wondering roughly
             | how much of this was due to more solar panels being
             | deployed.
        
             | coryrc wrote:
             | And this also leaves out all the heating power still
             | consumed directly from fossil fuels. The gap is much
             | larger.
             | 
             | This doesn't have have to be by switching consumption;
             | using less is possible: Passivhaus is from Germany, after
             | all. However, you can't do that and keep all your
             | historical protections on buildings and layers-upon-layers
             | of red tape on renovations.
        
         | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
         | Wind power. Mix with emergency reserves running on open cycle
         | gas turbines, if deemed necessary, preferably running on with
         | carbon neutral fuel. Optimize for lowest possible CAPEX.
         | 
         | That is contingent on that we're not wasting money and
         | opportunity cost that could have larger impact decarbonizing
         | agriculture, construction, aviation, maritime shipping etc.
        
           | tootie wrote:
           | The next hot thing (pun intended) is geothermal. The tech to
           | drill deep enough opens up the possibility of extracting
           | geothermal energy in most of the world. The tech exists and
           | is deployed. Scaling is not yet proven but is very plausible.
           | Geothermal runs 24/7 and can be clean base load power.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | Not having to burn gas is cheaper than burning gas. There will
         | be a decade or two of transition with rarely used gas turbines
         | getting their yearly packet in a short amount of time.
         | Eventually other tech will take over, or the gas infrastructure
         | will pare down and be cost optimized for its new role or rare
         | usage.
         | 
         | Europe, and Germany and the UK in particular, are really poorly
         | suited to take advantage of this new cheap technology. If these
         | countries don't figure out alternatives, the countries with
         | better and cheaper energy resources will take over energy
         | intensive industries.
         | 
         | This is not a problem for solar and storage to solve, it's a
         | problem that countries with poor resources need to solve if
         | they want to compete in global industry.
        
         | rgmerk wrote:
         | From a global perspective, people living in temperate areas are
         | actually the exception, not the rule (if a disproportionately
         | economically successful exception).
         | 
         | The likely implication of this is that, long term, unless wind
         | power starts going back down the cost curve, or you're
         | fortunate enough to have lots of hydro power, Northern Europe,
         | Canada, northern China and so on are going to have much more
         | expensive energy than more equatorial places.
        
       | buckle8017 wrote:
       | Ok now shift summer sun into winter.
        
         | gpm wrote:
         | Just build more solar. You generate excess electricity in
         | summer and enough in winter. This isn't a problem.
        
           | Youden wrote:
           | I live in Switzerland and my house currently consumes
           | 35-40kWh of electricity each day. I'm in the process of
           | installing as many panels as possible on my roof and right
           | now in winter, they're forecasted to produce ~18kWh on a good
           | day.
           | 
           | While it'll be possible for me to be more than fully self-
           | sufficient in summer, I'd need roughly 3x more panels to come
           | close to having a chance in winter, plus far more battery
           | storage than is reasonable.
           | 
           | I suspect it might be more doable somewhere with milder
           | winters, like Italy but especially as you go further north
           | and the days get shorter, there's just no chance.
           | 
           | For it to work in places with large seasonal differences, we
           | need something else (e.g. nuclear) and/or storage.
        
         | apexalpha wrote:
         | A very large part of the people on this planet have (almost) no
         | winters.
         | 
         | We could start with those ~3 billion people.
         | 
         | Also wind has proven to be a very good supplement to pv.
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | Batteries are probably going to kill long-range transmission
       | lines and open up remote generation at a scale never thought
       | possible. Desert solar, remote hydro, etc etc. As the price
       | continues to fall and the density continues to rise the economics
       | of transmission completely change and will decouple the location
       | of power generation from the use of that power dramatically. This
       | decoupling of location and use will drastically reshape energy
       | production. Right now is likely the time to buy sunny land in the
       | middle of nowhere but near train tracks.
        
         | gpm wrote:
         | I think long range transmission remains a thing anywhere having
         | a local grid remains a thing (which will be most places for
         | other reasons).
         | 
         | Load-balancing the area having a cloudy few days and the area
         | having a sunny days and the area having a windy few days and so
         | on will remain extremely valuable. It lets you install a lot
         | less batteries and isn't that much infrastructure given that
         | the last mile problems are dealt with already.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | The point being made is that if smoothing over time becomes
           | sufficiently cheap then smoothing over space is supplanted.
           | 
           | It would be nice if this happened before the next Carrington
           | Event (or the next nuclear war with orbital EMP weapons.)
        
             | gpm wrote:
             | I get that, I'm just disagreeing that we should be looking
             | forwards to storage becoming _that_ cheap. Particularly
             | when our cheap energy sources (solar, wind) have a lot of
             | location specific variability over time.
             | 
             | With some exceptions for sufficiently remote (or
             | sufficiently always-sunny and not too dense) places that
             | local grids themselves are no longer worth it
        
               | algo_trader wrote:
               | The original report by Ember [1] is decent but clearly
               | biased.
               | 
               | They assume each battery cycles entirely EVERY day - even
               | in winter. They also assume PV is never curtailed - not
               | even in summer. They of course ignore multi-day weather
               | anomalies. Like wise for weekend/holiday demand
               | variations. etc.
               | 
               | The best part of the report are real world bids of 2025
               | ESS projects.
               | 
               | [1] https://ember-energy.org/latest-insights/how-cheap-
               | is-batter...
        
           | jmward01 wrote:
           | I think there is a calculation that makes the point a little
           | clearer. There is some distance, x, where it is cheaper to
           | transport the electrons mechanically than it is to push them
           | over a wire. Every month that distance gets shorter as
           | battery prices drop. This gets even more advantageous for
           | batteries when you start talking about variable use and
           | generation since it is easier to change the destination or
           | source of a battery container than it is to change the
           | destination or source of transmission lines. My main point is
           | that that distance x is going to rapidly get towards just a
           | few miles away from point of use very shortly. Imagine a
           | small city getting a local electricity provider. I actually
           | think the way it is likely to go is that energy consumers
           | (cities, factories, etc) will start installing backup power
           | via battery shipment and then slowly start disconnecting from
           | the larger grid as the cost of the battery container
           | delivered power dips below the cost for transmission line
           | delivered. The infrastructure is just so much more efficient
           | for most use cases because we already have that
           | infrastructure for shipping other goods.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | Batteries alone don't quite do it, at least at mid latitudes
         | and beyond, but I will once again point to Standard Thermal as
         | a solution to that problem, at least at megawatt scale and
         | above.
        
         | laurencerowe wrote:
         | I don't think this makes sense. Rail freight is about 20x more
         | expensive than transmission at current battery densities.
         | 
         | Transmission: $41.50 per MWh per 1,000 miles.
         | https://docs.nrel.gov/docs/fy22osti/81662.pdf
         | 
         | Rail freight: $160 / ton per 1,000 miles. At 220 Wh/kg a ton of
         | batteries is 200kWh. So rail costs $800 per MWh per 1,000 miles
         | without considering the cost of the batteries themselves.
        
       | neuroelectron wrote:
       | For about $100 the black friday, i got a ridiculous overkill LFP
       | battery for my router and fiber modem. Would last about a week
       | with no power.
        
       | apexalpha wrote:
       | It's somewhat humbling that this is essentially entirely done by
       | one country.
       | 
       | For all their faults, I am in awe of the scale and success of
       | their industrial policy.
        
         | nutjob2 wrote:
         | It's amazing what you can achieve when you control everything
         | in a nation and can execute anyone who disagrees.
        
           | ponector wrote:
           | If it was a real reason of their success we would see amazing
           | results in russia and their friends: Iran, Korea and other
           | countries.
        
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