[HN Gopher] Has the cost of building software dropped 90%?
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       Has the cost of building software dropped 90%?
        
       Author : martinald
       Score  : 97 points
       Date   : 2025-12-08 19:00 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (martinalderson.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (martinalderson.com)
        
       | mwkaufma wrote:
       | Feels almost too on-the-nose to write "Betteridge's Law of
       | Headlines" but the answer is obviously no. Look no further than
       | the farce of their made-up "graph" of cost over time with no
       | units or evidence.
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | Ask someone who builds software for a fee. Are you able to do 90%
       | more? Fire 9/10 engineers? Produce 90% faster?
       | 
       | No, no, and no.
        
         | recursive wrote:
         | It's even worse. If the cost drops by 90%, the corresponding
         | productivity increase should be 900%, not 90%.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | 90% more - nope. 35-55% more, just about on average. I am
         | 30-year in though, not sure what these numbers are for junior
         | devs
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | https://arstechnica.com/ai/2025/07/study-finds-ai-tools-
           | made...
           | 
           | They thought they were faster too.
           | 
           | Yes, I know, AGI is just around the corner, we just need to
           | wait more because "agents" are improving every day.
           | 
           | In the mean time, LLMs are kinda useful instead of web
           | searches, mostly because search is both full of spam and the
           | search providers are toxic.
        
             | bdangubic wrote:
             | I am just talking about personal point-of-view, wasn't
             | interviewed by Arstechnica or others that live off
             | clickbait
        
       | recursive wrote:
       | Did I miss something or is there actually no evidence provided
       | that costs have dropped?
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Well... evidence, but there's obviously a graph with a line
         | going places!
        
         | TheRoque wrote:
         | Especially if you factor-in the fact that the AI companies are
         | losing money for now, and that it's not sustainable.
        
           | djmips wrote:
           | Yeah, when does the other shoe drops and after being addicted
           | to AI coding we suddenly have the rug pulled on price.
        
       | BigHatLogan wrote:
       | Good write-up. I don't disagree with any of his points, but does
       | anybody here have practical suggestions on how to move forward
       | and think about one's career? I've been a frontend (with a little
       | full stack) for a few years now, and much of the modern landscape
       | concerns me, specifically with how I should be positioning
       | myself.
       | 
       | I hear vague suggestions like "get better at the business domain"
       | and other things like that. I'm not discounting any of that, but
       | what does this actually mean or look like in your day-to-day
       | life? I'm working at a mid-sized company right now. I use Cursor
       | and some other tools, but I can't help but wonder if I'm still
       | falling behind or doing something wrong.
       | 
       | Does anybody have any thoughts or suggestions on this? The
       | landscape and horizon just seems so foggy to me right now.
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | Sheep farming sounds nice. Or making wooden furniture.
         | Something physical.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | Author here, thanks for your kind words!
         | 
         | I think it's about looking at what you're building and
         | proactively suggesting/prototyping what else could be useful
         | for the business. This does get tricky in large corps where
         | things are often quite siloed, but can you think "one step
         | ahead" of the product requirements and build that as well?
         | 
         | I think regardless if you build it, it's a good exercise to run
         | on any project - what would you think to build next, and what
         | does the business actually want. If you are getting closer on
         | those requests in your head then I think it's a positive sign
         | you are understanding the domain.
        
           | BigHatLogan wrote:
           | I think you're right about trying to stay one step ahead of
           | product requirements. Maybe my issue here is that I'm looking
           | for another "path" where one might not exist, at least not a
           | concretely defined one. From childhood to now, things were
           | set in front of me and I just sort of did them, but now it
           | feels like we're entering a real fog of war.
           | 
           | It would be helpful, as you suggest, to start shifting away
           | from "I code based on concrete specs" to "I discover
           | solutions for the business."
           | 
           | Thanks for the reply (and for the original essay). It has
           | given me a lot to chew on.
        
         | catigula wrote:
         | Nobody knows the answer.
         | 
         | Answers I see are typically "be a product manager" or "start
         | your own business" which obviously 95% of developers
         | can't/don't want to do.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | Don't chase specific technologies, especially not ones driven
         | by for-profit companies. Chase ideas, become great in one slice
         | of the industry, and the very least you can always fall back on
         | that. Once established within a domain, you can always try to
         | branch out, and feel a lot more comfortable doing so.
         | 
         | Ultimately, software is for doing _something_ , and that
         | something can be a whole range of things. If you become really
         | good at just a slice of that, things get a lot easier
         | regardless of the general state of the industry.
        
           | BigHatLogan wrote:
           | Thanks for the response. When you say "one slice of the
           | industry", is the suggestion to understand the core business
           | of whatever I'm building instead of being the "specs to code"
           | person? I guess this is where the advice starts to become
           | fuzzy and vague for me.
        
         | colonCapitalDee wrote:
         | Blind leading the blind, but my thinking is this:
         | 
         | 1. Use the tools to their fullest extend, push boundaries and
         | figure out what works and what doesn't
         | 
         | 2. Be more than your tools
         | 
         | As long as you + LLM is significantly more valuable than just
         | an LLM, you'll be employed. I don't know how "practical" this
         | advice is, because it's basically what you're already doing,
         | but it's how I'm thinking about it.
        
           | ares623 wrote:
           | Realistically, someone else + LLM at -10% compensation will
           | be employed
        
             | ubercow13 wrote:
             | Then why wasn't someone else employed at -10% compensation
             | instead of you before LLMs?
        
               | bitwize wrote:
               | Let's say LLMs add 50 "skill points" to your output.
               | Developer A is at 60 skill points in terms of coding
               | ability, developer B is at 40. The differential between
               | them looks large. Now add LLMs. Developer A is at 110
               | skill points, developer B is at 90. Same difference, but
               | now it doesn't look as large.
               | 
               | The (perceived, alleged) augmentation by LLMs makes
               | individual differences in developer skill seem less
               | important. From the business's perspective, you are not
               | getting much less by hiring a less skilled developer vs.
               | hiring a more skilled one, even if both of them would be
               | using LLMs on the job.
               | 
               | Obviously, real life is more complicated than this, but
               | that's a rough idea of what the CEO and the shareholders
               | are grappling with from a talent acquisition standpoint.
        
         | MrPapz wrote:
         | My suggestion would be to move to a higher level of
         | abstraction, change the way which you view the system.
         | 
         | Maybe becoming full stack? Maybe understanding the industry a
         | little deeper? Maybe analyzing your company's competitors
         | better? That would increase your value for the business (a bit
         | of overlap with product management though). Assuming you can
         | now deliver the expected tech part more easily, that's what I'd
         | do.
         | 
         | As for me, I've moved to a permanent product management
         | position.
        
         | nick486 wrote:
         | Its always been foggy. Even without AI, you were always at risk
         | of having your field disrupted by some tech you didn't see
         | coming.
         | 
         | AI will probably replace the bottom ~30-70%(depends who you
         | ask) of dev jobs. Dont get caught in the dead zone when the
         | bottom falls out.
         | 
         | Exactly how we'll train good devs in the future, if we don't
         | give them a financially stable environment environment to learn
         | in while they're bad, is an open question.
        
         | ronald_petty wrote:
         | Great question, hard to quickly answer.
         | 
         | My .02$. Show you can tackle harder problems. That includes
         | knowing which problems matter. That happens with learning a
         | "domain", versus just learning a tool (e.g. web development) in
         | a domain.
         | 
         | Change is scary, but thats because most aren't willing to
         | change. Part of the "scare" is the fear of lost investment
         | (e.g. pick wrong major or career). I can appreciate that, but
         | with a little flexibility, that investment can be repurposed
         | quicker today that in pre-2022 thanks to AI.
         | 
         | AI is just another tool, treat it like a partner not a
         | replacement. That can also include learning a domain. Ask AI
         | how a given process works, its history, regulations, etc. Go
         | confirm what it says. Have it break it down. We now can learn
         | faster than ever before. Trust but verify.
         | 
         | You are using Cursor, that shows a willingness to try new
         | things. Now try to move faster than before, go deeper into the
         | challenges. That is always going to be valued.
        
         | samdoesnothing wrote:
         | Also blind leading the blind here but I see two paths.
         | 
         | 1) Specialize in product engineering, which means taking on
         | more business responsibility. Maybe it means building your own
         | products, or maybe it means trying to get yourself in a more
         | customer-facing or managerial role? Im not very sure. Probably
         | do this if you think AI will be replacing most programmers.
         | 
         | 2) Specialize in hard programming problems that AI can't do.
         | Frontend is probably most at risk, low level systems
         | programming least at risk. Learn Rust or C/C++, or maybe
         | backend (C#\Java\Go) if you don't want to transition all the
         | way to low level systems stuff.
         | 
         | That being said I don't think AI is really going to replace us
         | anytime soon.
        
         | dclnbrght wrote:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46197349
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | If you're quicker then competition heats up management wants more
       | done, efficiencies are soon forgotten and new expectations and
       | baselines set.
        
         | foxglacier wrote:
         | Sure but that's the good of it. Lower labor cost = more
         | productivity. The customer wins in the end because the
         | equivalent product is cheaper or a better product costs the
         | same. Businesses and employees still have to compete against
         | each other so things won't get easier for them in the long
         | term.
        
           | Draiken wrote:
           | Except this is capitalism, so any improvements will go
           | disproportionately to the owners. This narrative of
           | improvements for customers has been repeated for decades and
           | it keeps being wrong.
           | 
           | More stock buybacks and subscriptions!
        
           | AngryData wrote:
           | The customer only wins if the customer is the one using the
           | tools directly, otherwise it leaves all the power in the
           | hands of businesses who's only real goal is maximum profits.
           | And without already possessing domain knowledge to be able to
           | guide, judge, and correct AI along the way, its existence
           | will be of limited use to consumers and business will not
           | feel much pressure to make anything cheaper, it just leaves
           | more margin to funnel to the top.
        
       | qwertyastronaut wrote:
       | I don't know if it's 90%, but I'm shipping in 2 days things that
       | took 2-4 weeks before.
       | 
       | Opus 4.5 in particular has been a profound shift. I'm not sure
       | how software dev as a career survives this. I have nearly 0
       | reason to hire a developer for my company because I just write a
       | spec and Claude does it in one shot.
       | 
       | It's honestly scary, and I hope my company doesn't fail because
       | as a developer I'm fucked. But... statistically my business will
       | fail.
       | 
       | I think in a few years there will only be a handful of software
       | companies--the ones who already have control of distribution.
       | Products can be cloned in a few weeks now; not long until it's a
       | few minutes. I used to see a new competitor once every six
       | months. Now I see a new competitor every few hours.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | Agreed. Opus 4.5 does feel like a real shift and I have had
         | exactly your experience. I've shipped stuff that would have
         | taken me weeks in days. And really to a much higher quality
         | standard - test suites would have been far smaller if I'd built
         | manually. And probably everything in MVP Bootstrap CSS.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | this is roughly same for me
        
         | llmslave wrote:
         | Yeah, I really think software engineering is over. Not right
         | now, but Opus 4.5 is incredible, it wont be long before 5 and
         | 5.5 are released.
         | 
         | They wont automate everything, but the bar for being able to
         | produce working software will plummet.
        
         | throwaway31131 wrote:
         | Just out of curiosity, what software product were you making in
         | two weeks before using AI? Or maybe I'm misunderstanding your
         | use of shipping.
        
         | LPisGood wrote:
         | I feel like I have have heard this exact statement about model
         | FooBar X.Y about a half dozen times over the last couple of
         | years.
        
         | IceDane wrote:
         | I'd love to hear what sort of software you are building.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Copying GPL code, with global search&replace of the brand names,
       | has always lowered the cost of software 'development'
       | dramatically.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | I would love to see where I can find a full test coverage to
         | paste in for an internal too that I can search&replace on to
         | get it working...
        
       | JohnMakin wrote:
       | This article mentions cost to ship, but ignores that the largest
       | cost of any software project isn't consumed by how long it takes
       | to get to market, but by maintenance and addition of new
       | features. How is agentic coding doing there? I've only seen huge,
       | unmaintainable messes so far.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | one year in, AI slop > Human-written slop
        
           | JohnMakin wrote:
           | I am highly skeptical of this claim.
        
             | bdangubic wrote:
             | personal experience, not general claim. I am 30-years in
             | the industry and have seen _a lot_ of human-written code...
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | there are many millions of people writing code... that's
               | way too many to get any good quality. you might get lucky
               | and get involved with codebase which does not make you
               | dizzy (or outright sick) but most of us are not _that_
               | lucky
        
               | martinald wrote:
               | Agreed. I think a core problem is many developers (on HN)
               | don't realise how "bad" so much human written code is.
               | 
               | I've seen unbelievably complex logistics logic coded
               | in... WordPress templates and plugins to take a random
               | example. Actually virtually impossible to figure out -
               | but AI can actually extract all the logic pretty well
               | now.
        
           | jimbokun wrote:
           | Does this mean the AI slop is higher quality or that there's
           | more of it?
        
         | p2detar wrote:
         | While this is true, I think some fields like game development
         | may not always have this problem. If your goal is to release a
         | non-upgradable game - fps, arcade, single-player titles,
         | maintenance may be much less important than shipping.
         | 
         | edit: typos
        
           | liampulles wrote:
           | I think that is an applicable domain, but the problem is that
           | every gamer I know who is not in the tech industry is
           | vehemently opposed to AI.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | Well, they just love complaining. You won't find many who
             | profess to like DLC, yet that sells.
        
           | krupan wrote:
           | I'm trying to understand where this kind of thinking comes
           | from. I'm not trying to belittle you, I sincerely want to
           | know: Are you aware that everyone writing software has the
           | goal of releasing software so perfect it never needs an
           | upgrade? Are you aware that we've all learned that that's
           | impossible?
        
             | tehjoker wrote:
             | this was basically true until consoles started getting an
             | online element. the up-front testing was more serious
             | compared to the complexity of the games. there were still
             | bugs, but there was no way to upgrade short of a recall.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Nobody wants to ship that! They want perpetually upgraded
           | live service games instead, because that's recurring revenue.
        
       | an0malous wrote:
       | Then why is all my software slower, buggier, and with a worse UX?
        
         | HumblyTossed wrote:
         | Right? Past couple years software quality has taken a shit.
        
       | paoaoaks wrote:
       | > written an entire unit/integration test suite in a few hours
       | 
       | It's often hard to ground how "good" blog writers are, but
       | tidbits like this make it easy to disregard the author's
       | opinions. I've worked in many codebases where the test writers
       | share the authors sentiment. They are awful and the tests are at
       | best useless and often harmful.
       | 
       | Getting to this point in your career without understanding how to
       | write effective tests is a major red flag.
        
         | p1necone wrote:
         | I've used llms to _help_ me write large sets of test cases, but
         | it requires a lot of iteration and the mistakes it makes are
         | both very common and _insidious_.
         | 
         | Stuff like reimplementing large amounts of the code inside the
         | tests because testing the actual code is "too hard", spending
         | inordinate amounts of time covering every single edge case on
         | some tiny bit of input processing unrelated to the main
         | business logic, mocking out the code under test, changing
         | failing tests to match obviously incorrect behavior...
         | basically all the mistakes you expect to see totally green devs
         | who don't understand the purpose of tests making.
         | 
         | It saves a shitload of time setting up all the scaffolding and
         | whatnot, but unless they very carefully reviewed and either
         | manually edited or iterated a lot with the LLM I would be
         | almost certain the tests were garbage given my experiences.
         | 
         | (This is with fairly current models too btw - mostly sonnet 4
         | and 4.5, also in fairness to the LLM a shocking proportion of
         | tests written by real people that I've read are also unhelpful
         | garbage, I can't imagine the training data is of great quality)
        
         | IceDane wrote:
         | But we have 500% code coverage?!?!
        
       | debo_ wrote:
       | > I'm sure every organisation has hundreds if not thousands of
       | Excel sheets tracking important business processes that would be
       | far better off as a SaaS app.
       | 
       | Far better off for who? People constantly dismiss spreadsheets,
       | but in many cases, they are more powerful, more easily used by
       | the people who have the domain knowledge required to properly
       | implement calculations or workflow, and are more or less
       | universally accessible.
        
         | nesarkvechnep wrote:
         | I'm yet to see a spreadsheet workflow successfully replaced by
         | something else.
        
           | crubier wrote:
           | Streamlit apps or similar are doing a great job at this where
           | I'm at.
           | 
           | As simple to build and deploy as Excel, but with the right
           | data types, the right UI, the right access and version
           | control, the right programming language that LLMs understand,
           | the right SW ecosystem and packages, etc.
        
             | SauntSolaire wrote:
             | Are they actually as simply to deploy as Excel? My guess
             | would be that most streamlit apps never make it further
             | than the computer they're written on.
        
           | tehjoker wrote:
           | maybe the strategy in those cases is to augment the core
           | spreadsheet with tools that can unit test it and broadcast
           | changes etc
        
           | esafak wrote:
           | Programming in a spreadsheet is an anti-pattern. Does anyone
           | review your workflow? Write tests for it? Use a real
           | programming language; a notebook at least.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | Author here. Of course not everything needs to be a web app.
         | But I'm meaning a lot of core sheets I see in businesses need
         | more structure round them.
         | 
         | Especially for collaboration, access controls, etc. Not to
         | mention they could do with unit testing.
        
           | tonyarkles wrote:
           | Counterpoint: if a small part of the process is getting
           | tweaked, how responsive can the team responsible for these
           | apps be? That's the killer feature of spreadsheets for
           | business processes: the accountants can change the accounting
           | spreadsheets, the shipping and receiving people can change
           | theirs, and there's no team in the way to act as a
           | bottleneck.
           | 
           | That's also the reason that so-called "Shadow IT" exists.
           | Teams will do whatever they need to do to get their jobs
           | done, whether or not IT is going to be helpful in that
           | effort.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | i've seen many attempts to turn a widely used spreadsheet
             | into a webapp. Eventually, it becomes an attempt to re-
             | implement spreadsheets. The first time something changes
             | and the user says "well in Excel i would just do this..."
             | the dev team is off chasing existing features of excel for
             | eternity and the users are pissed because it takes so long
             | and is buggy, meanwhile, excel is right there ready and
             | waiting.
        
             | LPisGood wrote:
             | I have never heard of shadow IT. What is that?
        
               | analog31 wrote:
               | It's when the users start taking care of IT issues
               | themselves. Maybe the name comes from the Shadow Cabinet
               | in England?
               | 
               | Where it might not be obvious is that IT in this context
               | is not just pulling wires and approving tickets, but is
               | "information technology" in the broader sense of using
               | computers to solve problems. This could mean creating
               | custom apps, databases, etc. A huge amount of this goes
               | on in most businesses. Solutions can range from trivial
               | to massive and mission-critical.
        
               | _puk wrote:
               | It's where you have processes etc set up to manage your
               | IT infra, but these very processes often make it
               | impossible / too time consuming to use anything.
               | 
               | The team that needs it ends up managing things itself
               | without central IT support (or visibility, or security
               | etc..)
               | 
               | Think being given a locked down laptop and no admin
               | access. Either get IT to give you admin access or buy
               | another laptop that isn't visible to IT and let's you
               | install whatever you need to get your job done.
               | 
               | The latter is often quicker and easier.
        
           | swatcoder wrote:
           | It's rare than a third-party SaaS can approximate one of
           | these "core sheets" and most of the exceptions have already
           | been explored over the last several decades years.
           | 
           | You have to remember that an SaaS, just like shrink-wrap
           | software, reflects _someone else_ 's model of of a process or
           | workflow and the model and implementation evolve per the
           | timeline/agenda of its publisher.
           | 
           | For certain parts of certain workflows, where there's a
           | highly normative and robust industry standard, like invoicing
           | or accounting or inventory tracking, that compromise is
           | worthwhile and we've had both shrink-wrap and SaaS products
           | servicing those needs for a very very long time. We see churn
           | in which application is most popular and what it's interface
           | and pricing look like, but the domains being served have
           | mostly been constant (mostly only growing as new business
           | lines/fashions emerge and mature).
           | 
           | Most of the stuff that remains in a "core sheet" could
           | benefit from the attention of a practiced engineer who could
           | make it more reliable and robust, but almost always reflects
           | that the represented business process is somehow peculiar to
           | the organization. As Access and FoxPro and VBA and Zapier and
           | so many tools have done before, LLM coding assistants and
           | software building tools offer some promise in shaking some of
           | these up by letting orgs convert their "core sheets" to
           | "internal applications".
           | 
           | But that's not an opportunity for SaaS entrepreneurs. It's an
           | opportunity for LLM experts to try to come in and pitch
           | _private_ , bespoke software solutions for a better deal than
           | whatever the Access guy had promised 20 years ago. Because of
           | the long-term maintenance challenges that still plague code
           | that's too LLM-colored, I wouldn't want to _be_ that expert
           | pitching that work, but it 's an opportunity for some
           | ambitious folks for sure.
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | > a lot of core sheets I see in businesses need more
           | structure round them
           | 
           | We had this decades ago, it was called dBase, but FoxPro
           | (pre-Microsoft) was great too. Visual For Pro or MS Access
           | were a brutal downgrade of every good aspect of it.
           | 
           | Imagine if today some startup offered a full-stack(TM)
           | platform that included IDE, a language with SQL-like
           | features, visual UI designer, database; generated small
           | standalone binarires, was performant, and was smaller than
           | most web homepages.
           | 
           | There are modern options, like Servoy or Lianja, but they're
           | too "cloudy" to be considered equivalents.
           | 
           | Edit: seems like there's OpenXava too, but that is Java-
           | based, too hardcore for non-professional programmers IMO. The
           | beauty of xBase was that even a highschooler could whip out a
           | decent business application if the requirements were modest.
        
         | robotresearcher wrote:
         | Spreadsheets are an incredible tool. They were a key innovation
         | in the history of applications. I love them and use them.
         | 
         | But it's very hard to have a large conventional cell-formula
         | spreadsheet that is correct. The programming model / UI are
         | closely coupled, so it's hard to see what's going on once your
         | sheet is above some fairly low complexity. And many workplaces
         | have monstrous sheets that run important things, curated
         | lovingly (?) for many years. I bet many or most of them have
         | significant errors.
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | It's astounding how useful and intuitive they are, but my
           | biggest gripe is how easy is for anyone to mess calculations,
           | say, SUM(<RANGE>), by simply adding one row/column/cell.
           | 
           | I use Google Worksheets frequently to track new things that
           | fit into lists/tables, and giving someone else editor access
           | without them knowing a few worksheet nuances means I have to
           | recheck and correct them every month or two.
        
             | robotresearcher wrote:
             | Does anyone make a sanity checker for Excel or Sheets that
             | notices things like that? Would be _incredibly_ helpful!
        
         | jimbokun wrote:
         | Better security. Better availability. Less chance of losing
         | data.
         | 
         | Assuming the SaaS is implemented competently, of course.
         | Otherwise there's not much advantage.
        
       | on_the_train wrote:
       | Ai saves me like an hour per month tops. I still don't understand
       | the hype. It's a solution in search of a problem. It can't solve
       | the hard coding problems. And it doesn't say when it can't solve
       | the essay ones either. It's less valuable than resharper. So the
       | business value is maybe $10 a month. That can't finance this
       | industry.
        
         | averageRoyalty wrote:
         | I read these sort of comments every so often and I do not
         | understand them. You are in a sea of people telling you that
         | they are developing software much quicker which ticks the
         | required boxes. I understand that for some reason this isn't
         | the case for your work flow, but obviously it has a lot more
         | value for others.
         | 
         | If you are a chairmaker and everyone gains access to a machine
         | that can spit out all the chair components but sometimes only
         | spits out 3 legs or makes a mistake on the backs, you might
         | find it pointless. Maybe it can't do all the nice artisan
         | styles you can do. But you can be confident others will take
         | advantage of this chair machine, work around the issues and
         | drive the price down from $20 per chair to $2 per chair. In 24
         | months, you won't be able to sell enough of your chairs any
         | more.
        
           | throwaway31131 wrote:
           | Maybe, or maybe the size of the chair market grows because
           | with $2 chairs more buyers enter. The high end is roughly
           | unaffected because they were never going to buy a low end
           | chair.
        
           | on_the_train wrote:
           | > You are in a sea of people telling you that they are
           | developing software much quicker which ticks the required
           | boxes
           | 
           | But that's exactly not the case. Everyone is wondering what
           | tf this is supposed to be for. People are vehemently against
           | this tech, and yet it gets shoved down our throats although
           | it's prohibitively expensive.
           | 
           | Coding should be among the easiest problems to tackle, yet
           | none of the big models can write basic "real" code. They
           | break when things get more complex than pong. And they can't
           | even write a single proper function with modern c++
           | templating stuff for example.
        
             | Agingcoder wrote:
             | They can actually - I thought they couldn't , but the
             | latest ones can, much to my surprise.
             | 
             | I changed my mind after playing with cursor 2 ( cursor 1
             | had lasted all of 10 mins), which actually wrote a full
             | blown app with documentation, tests , coverage, ci/cd, etc.
             | I was able to have it find a bug I encountered when using
             | the app - it literally ran the code, inserted extra logs,
             | grepped the logs , found the bug and fixed it.
        
             | margorczynski wrote:
             | > Coding should be among the easiest problems to tackle,
             | yet none of the big models can write basic "real" code.
             | They break when things get more complex than pong. And they
             | can't even write a single proper function with modern c++
             | templating stuff for example.
             | 
             | This is simply false and ignorant
        
             | pton_xd wrote:
             | > And they can't even write a single proper function with
             | modern c++ templating stuff for example.
             | 
             | That's just not true. ChatGPT 4 could explain template
             | concepts lucidly but would always bungle the
             | implementation. Recent models are generally very strong at
             | generating templated code, even if its quite complex.
             | 
             | If you really get out into the weeds with things like ADL
             | edge cases or static initialization issues they'll still go
             | off the rails and start suggesting nonsense.
        
       | nine_k wrote:
       | Had the cost of building custom software dropped 90%, we would be
       | seeing a flurry of low-cost, decent-quality SaaS offering all
       | over the marketplace, possibly undercutting some established
       | players.
       | 
       | From where I sit, right now, this does not seem to be the case.
       | 
       | This is as if writing down the code is not the biggest problem,
       | or the biggest time sink, of building software.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | It is happening though internally in businesses I've worked
         | with. A few of them are starting to replace SaaS tools with
         | custom built internal tooling. I suspect this pattern is
         | happening everywhere to a varying level.
         | 
         | Often these SaaS tools are expensive, aren't actually that
         | complicated (or if they are complicated, the bit they need
         | isn't) and have limitations.
         | 
         | For example, a company I know recently got told their v1 API
         | they relied on on some back office SaaS tool was being
         | deprecated. V2 of the API didn't have the same features.
         | 
         | Result = dev spends a week or two rebuilding that tool. It's
         | shipped and in production now. It would have taken similar
         | amount of time to work around the API deprecation.
        
           | lossolo wrote:
           | > It is happening though internally in businesses I've worked
           | with
           | 
           | How many samples do you have?
           | 
           | Which industries are they from?
           | 
           | Which SaaS products were they using, exactly and which
           | features?
           | 
           | > ...a company I know recently got told their v1 API they
           | relied on on some back office SaaS tool was being deprecated.
           | V2 of the API didn't have the same features ... dev spends a
           | week or two rebuilding that tool
           | 
           | Was that SaaS the equivalent of the left-pad Node.js module?
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | Lots of companies make good money selling the equivalent of
             | leftpad for confluence or jira. Anecdotally, that's exactly
             | the kind of stuff that gets replaced with homegrown AI-
             | built solutions at our company
        
             | hobs wrote:
             | I helped a company that is build averse move off of
             | Fivetran to Debezium and some of their own internal tooling
             | for the same workload they are paying 40k less a month
             | (yeah they just raised their prices again).
             | 
             | Now, that's not exactly the same thing, but their paucity
             | of skills made them terrified to do something like this
             | before, they had little confidence they could pull it off
             | and their exec team would just scoff and tell them to work
             | on other revenue generating activities.
             | 
             | Now the confidence of Claude is hard to shake off of them
             | which is not exactly the way I wanted the pendulum to
             | swing, but its almost 500k yearly back in their pockets.
        
             | dismantlethesun wrote:
             | I'm not the OP, but I do have an annectote.
             | 
             | We've got an backend pipeline that does image processing.
             | At every step of the pipeline, it would make copies of
             | small (less than 10MB) files from an S3 storage source, do
             | a task, then copy the results back up to the storage
             | source.
             | 
             | Originally, it was using AWS but years ago it was decided
             | that AWS was not cost effective so we turned to another
             | partner OVH and Backblaze.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, the reliability and throughput of both of
             | them isn't as consistent as AWS and this has been a
             | constant headache.
             | 
             | We were going to go back to AWS or find a new partner, but
             | I nominated we use NFS. So we build nothing, pay nothing,
             | get POSIX semantics back, and speed has gone up 3x. At
             | peak, we only copy 40GB of files per day, so it was never
             | really necessary to use S3 except that our servers were
             | distributed and that was the only way anyone previously
             | could think to give each server the same storage source.
             | 
             | While this isn't exactly what the OP and you are talking
             | about, I think it illustrates a fact: SaaS software was
             | seen as the hammer to all nails, giving you solutions and
             | externalizing problems and accountability.
             | 
             | Now that either the industry has matured, building in-house
             | is easier, or cost centers need to be reduced, SaaS is
             | going be re-evaluated under the context of 'do we really
             | need it'?
             | 
             | I think the answer to many people is going to be no, you
             | don't need enterprise level solutions at all levels of your
             | company, especially if you're not anywhere near the Fortune
             | 1000.
        
             | neom wrote:
             | I'm a consultant so I see lots of businesses, it's
             | happening in all of them. I'm not seeing people rip out
             | tools for custom builds to be clear, I just see people
             | solving today problems with custom apps.
        
           | nugger wrote:
           | I don't understand the timelines here at all.
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | I know of at least two multi-billion corps that are moving to
           | internal ETL tools instead of 5tran now because the cost to
           | maintain internally is much lower and you can customize for
           | cheap. SaaS as a model is at risk without something tying
           | someone down.
        
         | thot_experiment wrote:
         | To be fair, writing a SaaS software is like an order, perhaps
         | two orders of magnitude more effort than writing software that
         | runs on a computer and does the thing you want. There's a ton
         | of stuff that SaaS is used for now that's basically trivial and
         | literally all the "engineering" effort is spent on ensuring
         | vendor lock in and retaining control of the software so that
         | you can force people to keep paying you.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | We should also get a flurry of low-cost, decent-quality
           | native local-first software, but I don't see any.
        
         | paulddraper wrote:
         | > Had the cost of building custom software dropped 90%, we
         | would be seeing a flurry of low-cost, decent-quality SaaS
         | offering all over the marketplace, possibly undercutting some
         | established players.
         | 
         |  _NODS HEAD VIGOROUSLY_
         | 
         | Last 12 months: Docusign down 37%, Adobe down 38%, Atlassian
         | down 41%, Asana down 41%, Monday.com down 44%, Hubspot down
         | 49%. Eventbrite being bought for pennies.
         | 
         | They are being replaced by newer, smaller, cheaper, sometimes
         | internal solutions.
        
           | BobbyJo wrote:
           | Stock prices down or revenue down? The former would do very
           | little to support your point.
        
             | hagbarth wrote:
             | Revenue is all up. And as far as I can see beating
             | expectations.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | > Had the cost of building custom software dropped 90%
         | 
         | It definitely has for me. I'm creating toolS and utilities
         | every week easily that I never would've attempted in the past.
         | 
         | > This is as if writing down the code is not the biggest
         | problem, or the biggest time sink, of building software.
         | 
         | Lots of people can think logically and organize a process flow,
         | but don't know all the ridiculous code incantations (and worse
         | development and hosting environment details) to turn their
         | plans into tools.
         | 
         | It's trivial to one-shot all kinds of impressive toys in Gemini
         | now, but it's going to be an even bigger deal when Google adds
         | some type of persistent data storage. It will be like the
         | rebirth of a fully modern Microsoft Access.
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | It has dropped by maybe MORE than 90%. My sons school recently
         | asked me to build some tools for them -- I did this over a
         | decade ago for them, for free. I did it again using AI tools
         | (different problem though) and I had it mostly done in 30
         | minutes (after I got the credentials set up properly -- that
         | took up more time than the main coding part). This was probably
         | several days of work for me in the past.
        
           | TheRoque wrote:
           | But in the past, you knew the codebase very well, and it was
           | trivial to implement a fix and upgrade the software. Can the
           | same be done with LLMs ? Well from what I see, it depends on
           | your luck. But if the LLMs can't help you, then you gotta
           | read the whole codebase that you've never read before and you
           | quickly lose the initial benefits. I don't doubt someday
           | we'll get there though.
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | They're better than one might expect at diagnosing issues
             | from the error output or even just screenshots.
        
             | kenjackson wrote:
             | I've hit this in little bursts, but one thing I've found is
             | that LLMs are really good at reasoning about their own code
             | and helping me understand how to diagnose and make fixes.
             | 
             | I recently found some assembly source for some old C64
             | games and used an LLM to walk me through it (purely
             | recreational). It was so good at it. If I was teaching a
             | software engineering class, I'd have students use LLMs to
             | do analysis of large code bases. One of the things we did
             | in grad school was to go through gcc and contribute
             | something to it. Man, that code was so complex and
             | compilers are one of my specialties (at the time). I think
             | having an LLM with me would have made the task 100x easier.
        
               | devin wrote:
               | Does that mean you don't think you learned anything
               | valuable through the experience of working through this
               | complexity yourself?
               | 
               | I'm not advocating for everyone to do all of their math
               | on paper or something, but when I look back on the times
               | I learned the most, it involved a level of focus and
               | dedication that LLMs simply do not require. In fact, I
               | think their default settings may unfortunately lead you
               | toward shallow patterns of thought.
        
             | jazzyjackson wrote:
             | If I haven't looked at my own code in 6 months it might as
             | well have been written by someone else.
        
               | kenjackson wrote:
               | The most brilliant programmer I know is me three years
               | ago. I look at code I wrote and I'm literally wondering
               | "how did I figure out how to do that -- that makes no
               | sense, but exactly what is needed!"
        
           | bloppe wrote:
           | "Building software" is a bit too general, though. I believe
           | "Building little web apps for my son's school" has gotten at
           | least 10x easier. But the needle has not moved much on
           | building something like Notion, or Superhuman, or Vercel, or
           | <insert name of any non-trivial project with more than 1000
           | man-hours of dev work>.
           | 
           | Even with perfect prompt engineering, context rot catches up
           | to you eventually. Maybe a fundamental architecture
           | breakthrough will change this, but I'm not holding my breath.
        
         | codegeek wrote:
         | The keyword is "building". Yes costs may have dropped 90% just
         | to build software. But there are 1000 other things that comes
         | after it to run a successful software for months let alone
         | years.
         | 
         | - Maintenance, Security
         | 
         | - Upgrades and patches
         | 
         | - Hosting and ability to maintain uptime with traffic
         | 
         | - Support and dealing with customer complexities
         | 
         | - New requirements/features
         | 
         | - Most importantly, ability to blame someone else (at least for
         | management). Politics plays a part. If you build a tool in-
         | house and it fails, you are on the chopping block. If you buy,
         | you at least can say "Hey everyone else bought it too and I
         | shouldn't be fired for that".
         | 
         | Customers pay for all of the above when they buy a SAAS
         | subscription. AI may come for most of the above at some point
         | but not yet. I say give it 3-5 years to see how it all pans
         | out.
        
           | socketcluster wrote:
           | Good point but this is missing the most critical thing that
           | AI does not improve; exposure.
           | 
           | The market is now essentially controlled by algorithms. I
           | predict there will be amazing software... Which will end up
           | ignored by the markets completely until their features are
           | copied by big tech and nobody will know where the idea
           | originated.
           | 
           | Building is absolutely worthless in the context of a
           | monopolized marketplace.
        
         | klntsky wrote:
         | People vibe one-off solutions for themselves all the time. They
         | just don't have the desire to productionalize them. Frankly,
         | product knowledge is something LLMs are not that good at
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | I mean, we have had the tech to crank out some little app for a
         | long time. The point of the Saas used to be that you had a neck
         | to strangle when things went south. I guess these days that's
         | just impossible anyhow and the prices aren't worth it so we're
         | rediscovering that software can be made instead of bought?
         | 
         | There have been a lot of little blogs about "home cooking"
         | style apps that you make for yourself. Maybe AI is the
         | microwave meal version.
        
         | phantasmish wrote:
         | Something weird happened to software after the 90s or so.
         | 
         | You had all these small-by-modern-standards teams (though
         | sometimes in large companies) putting out desktop applications,
         | sometimes on multiple platforms, with shitloads of features. On
         | fairly tight schedules. To address markets that are itty-bitty
         | by modern standards.
         | 
         | Now people are like "We'll need (3x the personnel) and (2x the
         | time) and you can forget about native, it's webshit or else you
         | can double those figures... for one platform. What's that? Your
         | TAM is only (the size of the entire home PC market circa 1995)?
         | Oh forget about it then, you'll never get funded"
         | 
         | It _seems like_ we've gotten far _less_ efficient.
         | 
         | I'm skeptical this problem has to do with code-writing, and so
         | am skeptical that LLMs are going to even get us back to our
         | former baseline.
        
           | mattgreenrocks wrote:
           | Yep. Software construction was branded a team sport. Hence,
           | social coding, tool quality being considered more important
           | (good thing for sure), and, arguably, less emphasis on
           | individual skill and agency.
           | 
           | This was in service of a time when tech was the great
           | equalizer, powered by ZIRP. It also dovetailed perfectly with
           | middle managers needing more reports in fast growing tech
           | companies. Perhaps the pendulum is swinging back from the
           | overly collective focus we had during the 2010s.
        
         | zahlman wrote:
         | > Had the cost of building custom software dropped 90%, we
         | would be seeing a flurry of low-cost, decent-quality SaaS
         | offering all over the marketplace, possibly undercutting some
         | established players.
         | 
         | Don't forget the second-order effect of clients deciding they
         | could do it in-house.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | In fact that is where AI could win. An in house system only
           | needs to serve the needs of one customer whereas the SAAS has
           | to be built for the imagined needs of many customers --- when
           | you're lucky you can "build one to throw away" and not throw
           | it away.
        
         | socketcluster wrote:
         | This is assuming the marketplace works perfectly... Which is an
         | incorrect assumption. Reality is that the marketplace is highly
         | controlled by algorithms. New platforms will struggle to get
         | exposure... No exposure, no credibility, no word of mouth, no
         | users, catch 22... You think the big players will allow small
         | SaaS projects to gain traction on their platforms? Have you see
         | how centralized the Internet is these days?
         | 
         | My bet is if there were a lot of great apps being built, even
         | excellent quality, nobody would even hear about them. The big
         | players would copy them before anyone even found out about
         | them.
        
       | bdavid21wnec wrote:
       | I keep seeing articles like these popup. I am in the industry but
       | not in the "AI" industry. What I have no concept of, is the
       | current subsidized, VC funded, anywhere close to what the final
       | product will be? I always fall back to the Uber paradox. Yes it
       | was great at first, now it's 3x what it cost and has only given
       | cabs pricing power. This was good for consumers to start but now
       | it's just another part of the k shaped economy. So is that
       | ultimately where AI goes? Top percent can afford a high monthly
       | subscription and the not so fortunate get there free 5 minutes
       | per month
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | But even if that did happen, the open source models are
         | excellent and cost virtually nothing?
         | 
         | Like I prefer Opus 4.5 and Gemini 3 to the open weights models,
         | but if Anthropic or Google upped the pricing 10x then everyone
         | would switch to the open weights models.
         | 
         | Arguably you could say that the Chinese labs may stop releasing
         | them, true, but even if all model development stopped today
         | then they'd still be extremely useful and a decent competitor.
        
           | bdavid21wnec wrote:
           | Again I'm not in the "AI" industry so I don't fully
           | understand the economics and don't run open models locally.
           | 
           | What's the cost to run this stuff locally, what type of
           | hardware is required. When you say virtually nothing, do you
           | mean that's because you already have a 2k laptop or gpu?
           | 
           | Again I am only asking because I don't know. Would these
           | local models run OK on my 2016 Mac Pro intel or do I need to
           | upgrade to the latest M4 chip with 32GB memory for it to work
           | correctly?
        
             | criemen wrote:
             | The large open-weights models aren't really usable for
             | local running (even with current hardware), but multiple
             | providers compete on running inference for you, so it's
             | reasonable to assume that there is and will be a
             | functioning marketplace.
        
       | e10jc wrote:
       | I totally agree with you. I am working on a new platform right
       | now for a niche industry. Maybe theres $10m ARR to make total in
       | the industry. Last year, it wouldn't be worth the effort to
       | raise, hire a PM, a few devs, QA, etc. But for a solo dev like
       | myself with AI, it definitely is worth it now.
        
       | jdmoreira wrote:
       | I must be holding wrong then because I do use Claude Code all the
       | time and I do think its quite impressive... still I cant see
       | where the productivity gains go nor am I even sure they exist
       | (they might, I just cant tell for sure!)
        
         | hurturue wrote:
         | if you back and forth with the model, and discuss/approve every
         | change it does, that's the problem.
         | 
         | you need to give it a bigish thing so it can work 15 min on it.
         | and in those 15 min you prepare the next one(s)
        
           | jdmoreira wrote:
           | Sure. But am I supposed to still understand that code at some
           | point? Am I supposed to ask other team members to review and
           | approve that code as if I had written it?
           | 
           | I'm still trying to ship quality work by the same standards I
           | had 3 or 5 years ago.
        
       | azov wrote:
       | If the cost of building software dropped so much - where is that
       | software?..
       | 
       | Was there an explosion of useful features in any software product
       | you use? A jump in quality? Anything tangible an end user can
       | see?..
        
       | atmavatar wrote:
       | > Has the cost of building software just dropped 90%?
       | 
       | I believe Betteridge's law of headlines [1] applies here:
       | 
       |  _No._
       | 
       | 1.
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betteridge%27s_law_of_headline...
        
       | zackmorris wrote:
       | *90% so far..
       | 
       | I've only been working with AI for a couple of months, but IMHO
       | it's over. The Internet Age which ran 30 years from roughly
       | 1995-2025 has ended and we've entered the AI Age (maybe the last
       | age).
       | 
       | I know people with little programming experience who have already
       | passed me in productivity, and I've been doing this since the
       | 80s. And that trend is only going to accelerate and intensify.
       | 
       | The main point that people are having a hard time seeing,
       | probably due to denial, is that once problem solving is solved at
       | any level with AI, then it's solved at all levels. We're lost in
       | the details of LLMs, NNs, etc, but not seeing the big picture.
       | That if AI can work through a todo list, then it can write a todo
       | list. It can check if a todo list is done. It can work
       | recursively at any level of the problem solving hierarchy and in
       | parallel. It can come up with new ideas creatively with stable
       | diffusion. It can learn and it can teach. And most importantly,
       | it can evolve.
       | 
       | Based on the context I have before me, I predict that at the end
       | of 2026 (coinciding with the election) America and probably the
       | world will enter a massive recession, likely bigger than the
       | Housing Bubble popping. Definitely bigger than the Dot Bomb.
       | Where too many bad decisions compounded for too many decades
       | converge to throw away most of the quality of life gains that
       | humanity has made since WWII, forcing us to start over. I'll just
       | call it the Great Dumbpression.
       | 
       | If something like UBI is the eventual goal for humankind, or soft
       | versions of that such as democratic socialism, it's on the other
       | side of a bottleneck. One where 1000 billionaires and a few
       | trillionaires effectively own the world, while everyone else
       | scratches out a subsistence income under neofeudalism. One where
       | as much food gets thrown away as what the world consumes, and a
       | billion people go hungry. One where some people have more than
       | they could use in countless lifetimes, including the option to
       | cheat death, while everyone else faces their own mortality.
       | 
       | "AI was the answer to Earth's problems" could be the opening line
       | of a novel. But I've heard this story too many times. In those
       | stories, the next 10 years don't go as planned. Once we enter the
       | Singularity and the rate of technological progress goes
       | exponential, it becomes impossible to predict the future. Meaning
       | that a lot of fringe and unthinkable timelines become highly
       | likely. It's basically the Great Filter in the Drake equation and
       | Fermi paradox.
       | 
       | This is a little hard for me to come to terms with after a
       | lifetime of little or no progress in the areas of tech that I
       | care about. I remember in the late 90s when people were talking
       | about AI and couldn't find a use for it, so it had no funding.
       | The best they could come up with was predicting the stock market,
       | auditing, genetics, stuff like that. Who knew that AI would take
       | off because of self-help, adult material and parody? But I guess
       | we should have known. Every other form of information technology
       | followed those trends.
       | 
       | Because of that lack of real tech as labor-saving devices to help
       | us get real work done, there's been an explosion of phantom tech
       | that increases our burden through distraction and makes our
       | work/life balance even less healthy as underemployment. This is
       | why AI will inevitably be recruited to demand an increase in
       | productivity from us for the same income, not decrease our share
       | of the workload.
       | 
       | What keeps me going is that I've always been wrong about the
       | future. Maybe one of those timelines sees a great democratization
       | of tech, where even the poorest people have access to free
       | problem solving tech that allows them to build assistants that
       | increase their leverage enough to escape poverty without money.
       | In effect making (late-stage) capitalism irrelevent.
       | 
       | If the rate of increasing equity is faster than the rate of
       | increasing excess, then we have a small window of time to catch
       | up before we enter a Long Now of suffering, where wealth
       | inequality approaches an asymptote making life performative,
       | pageantry for the masses who must please an emperor with no
       | clothes.
       | 
       | In a recent interview with Mel Robbins in episode 715 of Real
       | Time, Bill Maher said "my book would be called: It's Not Gonna Be
       | That" about the future not being what we think it is. I can't
       | find a video, but he describes it starting around the 19:00 mark:
       | 
       | https://podcasts.musixmatch.com/podcast/real-time-with-bill-...
       | 
       | Our best hope for the future is that we're wrong about it.
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | It's over. I've been writing FUD manually since the 60's. But
         | people fresh out of FB troll boot camp are already rolling it
         | out 99% faster than me.
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | Where are the billions of dollars spent on GPUs and new data
       | centers accounted for in this estimation?
        
         | bdavid21wnec wrote:
         | Ya completely agree, these companies will eventually push these
         | costs to the consumer, might be in 1-2yrs, but it will
         | eventually happen and though regulatory capture make it harder
         | and harder to run local AI models because of "security"
         | reasons.
        
       | tschellenbach wrote:
       | It depends. For AI to work for large projects (did a post on this
       | forever ago in AI terms. https://getstream.io/blog/cursor-ai-
       | large-projects/)
       | 
       | But you need: a staff level engineer to guide it, great
       | standardization and testing best practices. And yes in that
       | situation you can go 10-50x faster. Many teams/products are not
       | in that environment though.
        
         | andybak wrote:
         | I work on a big ball of open source spaghetti and AI has become
         | invaluable in helping me navigate my way through it. Even when
         | it's wrong - it gives me valuable clues.
        
       | Agingcoder wrote:
       | > One objection I hear a lot is that LLMs are only good at
       | greenfield projects. I'd push back hard on this. I've spent
       | plenty of time trying to understand 3-year-old+ codebases where
       | everyone who wrote it has left.
       | 
       | Where I am, 3 year old is greenfield, and old and large is 20
       | years old and has 8million lines of nasty c++. I'll have to wait
       | a bit more I think ...
        
       | devnull3 wrote:
       | I think the cost of prototyping has definitely gone down.
       | 
       | Developing production grade software which you want to people to
       | rely on and pay for it is not gone down so much. The "weak" link
       | is still human.
       | 
       | Debugging complex production issues needs intimate knowledge of
       | the code. Not gonna happen in next 3-4 years atleast.
        
       | vb-8448 wrote:
       | It's not just about "building" ... who is going to maintain all
       | this new sub-par code pushed to production every day?
       | 
       | Who is going to patch all bugs, edge cases and security
       | vulnerabilities?
        
         | soco wrote:
         | The theory goes very simple, you tell the agent to patch the
         | bug. Now the practice though...
        
           | fullstackwife wrote:
           | yeah, in practice: would you like to onboard a Boeing 747
           | where some of the bugs were patched by some agents,
           | 
           | what is the percentage risk of malfunction you are going to
           | accept as a passenger?
        
             | emodendroket wrote:
             | No. But most software products are nowhere near that
             | sensitive and very few of them are developed with the level
             | of caution and rigor appropriate for a safety-critical
             | component.
        
             | TuringNYC wrote:
             | >> yeah, in practice: would you like to onboard a Boeing
             | 747 where some of the bugs were patched by some agents,
             | 
             | In this case, the traditional human process hasn't gone
             | well either.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | The bugs were mostly caused by MBAs, who one assumes will
               | remain.
        
               | geon wrote:
               | It is working great as long as it is adhered to and
               | budgeted.
        
               | fullstackwife wrote:
               | human process is the understanding that the mistakes will
               | make people die
        
           | Havoc wrote:
           | You are a senior expert. SENIOR EXPERT :D
           | 
           | [0] https://www.youtube.com/shorts/64TNGvCoegE
        
         | sdoering wrote:
         | I happily got rid of a legacy application (lost the pitch,
         | another agency now must deal with the shit) I inherited as a
         | somewhat technically savvy person about a year ago.
         | 
         | It was built by real people. Not a single line of AI slop in
         | it. It was the most fragile crap I had ever the misfortune to
         | witness. Even in my wildest vibe coding a prototype moments I
         | was not able to get the AI to produce that amount of anti
         | patterns, bad shit and code that would have had Hitchcock
         | running.
         | 
         | I think we would be shocked to see what kind of human slop out
         | there is running in production. The scale might change, but at
         | least in this example, if I had rebuilt the app purely by vibe
         | coding the code quality and the security of the code would
         | actually have improved. Even with the lowest vibe coding effort
         | thinkable.
         | 
         | I am not in any way condoning (is this the right word) bad
         | practices, or shipping vibe code into prod without very, very
         | thorough review. Far from it. I am just trying to provide a
         | counter point to the narrative, that at least in the medium
         | sized business I got to know in my time consulting/working in
         | agencies, I have seen quite a metric ton of slop, that would
         | make coding agents shiver.
        
           | geon wrote:
           | The argument isn't that all slop is AI, but that all AI is
           | slop.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | Turns out building enterprise software has more in common
             | with generating slop than not.
        
           | vb-8448 wrote:
           | AI doesn't overcome the limits of the one who is giving the
           | input, like in pre-ai era SW, if the input sucks the output
           | sucks.
           | 
           | What changed is the speed: AI and vibe coding just gave a
           | turboboost to all you described. The amount of code will go
           | parabolic (maybe it's already parabolic) and, in the mid-
           | term, we will need even more swe/sre/devops/security/ecc to
           | keep up.
        
           | neom wrote:
           | DigitalOcean version 1 was a duck taped together mash of
           | bash, chron jobs and perl, 2 people out of 12 understood it,
           | 1 knew how to operate it. It worked, but it was insane, like
           | really, really insane. 0% chance the original chatgpt would
           | have written something as bad as DO v1.
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | I hear this argument all the time but it seems to leave out
         | code reviews
        
       | sublinear wrote:
       | Perhaps the cost will drop over time, but it will be because
       | writing code is becoming more accessible. It's not just because
       | of AI, but the natural progress of education and literacy on the
       | topic that would have happened anyway.
       | 
       | What I see are salaries stagnating and opportunity for new niche
       | roles or roles being redefined to have more technical
       | responsibility. Is this not the future we all expected before AI
       | hype anyway? People need to relax and refocus on what matters.
        
       | cloogshicer wrote:
       | > I've had Claude Code write an entire unit/integration test
       | suite in a few hours (300+ tests)
       | 
       | I'd love to see someone do this, or a similar task, live on
       | stream. I always feel like an idiot when I read things like this
       | because despite using Claude Code a lot I've _never_ been able to
       | get anything of that magnitude out of it that wasn 't
       | slop/completely unusable, to the point where I started to
       | question if I hadn't been faster writing everything by hand.
       | 
       | Claiming that software is now 90% cheaper feels absurd to me and
       | I'd love to understand better where this completely different
       | worldview comes from. Am I using the tools incorrectly? Different
       | domains/languages/ecosystems?
        
       | nonameiguess wrote:
       | I don't really build software any more and have moved into other
       | parts of the business. But I'm still a huge user of software and
       | I'd just echo all the other comments asking if it's so easy to
       | get all these great tools built and shipped, where are they? I
       | can see that YouTube is flooded with auto-generated content. I
       | can see that blogspam has skyrocketed beyond belief. I can see
       | that the number of phishing texts and voicemails I get every day
       | has gone through the roof. I don't see any flood of new CNCF
       | incubating projects. I don't see that holy grail entire OS
       | comparable to Linux but written in Rust. I don't see the other
       | holy grail new web browser that can compete with Firefox, Chrome,
       | and Safari. It's possible people are shipping more of the
       | stripped down Jira clones designed for a team of ten that gets 60
       | customers and stops receiving updates after 2 years but that's
       | not the kind of software that would be visible to me.
       | 
       | If you're replacing spreadsheets with a single-purpose web UI
       | with proper access control and concurrent editing that doesn't
       | need Sharepoint or Google Workspaces, fine, but if you're telling
       | me that's going to revolutionize the entire industry and economy
       | and justify trillions of dollars in new data centers, I don't
       | think so. I think you need to actually compete with Sharepoint
       | and Google Workspaces. Supposedly, Google and Microsoft claim to
       | be using LLMs internally more than ever, but they're publicly
       | traded companies. If it's having some huge impact, surely we'll
       | see their margins skyrocket when they have no more labor costs,
       | right?
        
       | Normal_gaussian wrote:
       | > I've had Claude Code write an entire unit/integration test
       | suite in a few hours (300+ tests) for a fairly complex internal
       | tool. This would take me, or many developers I know and respect,
       | days to write by hand.
       | 
       | I'm not sure about this. The tests I've gotten out in a few hours
       | are the kind I'd approve if another dev sent then but haven't
       | really ended up finding meaningful issues.
        
         | kace91 wrote:
         | Have you noticed how it's never "I got this awesome code!"?
         | It's always "I got good code, trust me".
         | 
         | People say their prompts are good, awesome code is being
         | generated, it solved a month's worth of work in a minute.
         | Nobody comes with receipts.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | I keep seeing posts like this so I decided to video record
           | all my LLM coding sessions and post them on YouTube. Early
           | days, I only had the idea on Saturday.
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | I find I get better tests if I use agents to generate tests.
        
         | martinald wrote:
         | Just to be clear, they weren't stupid 'is 1+1=2' type tests.
         | 
         | I had the agent scan the UX of the app being built, find all
         | the common flows and save them to a markdown file.
         | 
         | I then asked the agent to find edge cases for them and come up
         | with tests for those scenarios. I then set off parallel
         | subagents to develop the the test suite.
         | 
         | It found some really interesting edge cases running them - so
         | even if they never failed again there is value there.
         | 
         | I do realise in hindsight it makes it sound like the tests were
         | just a load of nonsense. I was blown away with how well Claude
         | Code + Opus 4.5 + 6 parallel subagents handled this.
        
       | blauditore wrote:
       | These kind of future prediction posts keep coming, and I'm tired
       | of them. Reality is always more boring, less extreme, and slower
       | at changing, because there are too many factors involved, and the
       | authors never account for everything.
       | 
       | Maybe we should collect all of these predictions, then go back in
       | 5-10 years and see if anyone was actually right.
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Maybe I'm holding it wrong, but I don't _actually_ see the huge
       | productivity gains from LLM-assisted software development. Work
       | is leaning on us to use AI--not requiring it yet, but we 're at
       | DEFCON 3, borderline 2 (DEFCON 1 being a Shopify situation). My
       | team's experience is that it needs LOTS of handholding and manual
       | fixing to produce even something basic that's remotely fit for
       | production use.
       | 
       | I closed a comment from ~2.5y ago
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36594800) with this
       | sentence: "I'm not sure that incorporating LLMs into programming
       | is (yet) not just an infinite generator of messes for humans to
       | clean up." My experience with it is convincing me that that's
       | just what it is. When the bills come due, the VC money dries up,
       | and the AI providers start jacking up their prices... there's
       | probably going to be a boom market for humans to clean up AI
       | messes.
        
       | rmnclmnt wrote:
       | Can we also take into account the mental cost associates with
       | building software? Because how I see it, managing output from
       | agents is way more exhausting than doing it ourself.
       | 
       | And obviously the cost of not upskilling in intricate technical
       | details as much as before (aka staying at the high level
       | perspective) will have to be paid at some point
        
       | MangoToupe wrote:
       | No. Not unless your business wasn't competitive to begin with
        
       | dclnbrght wrote:
       | Domain knowledge is the moat, we need to rethink career planning
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46197349
        
       | criemen wrote:
       | > This takes a fairly large mindset shift, but the hard work is
       | the conceptual thinking, not the typing.
       | 
       | But the hard work always was the conceptual thinking? At least at
       | and beyond the Senior level, for me it was always the thinking
       | that's the hard work, not converting the thoughts into code.
        
       | liampulles wrote:
       | I contracted briefly on a post-LLM-boom Excel modernization
       | project (which ended up being consulting mainly, because I had to
       | spend all my time explaining key considerations for a long-
       | running software project that would fit their domain).
       | 
       | The company had already tried to push 2 poor data analysts who
       | kind of new Python into the role of vibe coding a Python desktop
       | application that they would then distribute to users. In the best
       | case scenario, these people would have vibe coded an application
       | where the state was held in the UI, with no concept of
       | architectural seperation and no prospects of understanding what
       | the code was doing a couple months from inception (except through
       | the lens of AI sycophancy), all packaged as a desktop application
       | which would generate excel spreadsheets that they would then send
       | to each other via Email (for some reason, this is what they
       | wanted - probably because it is what they know).
       | 
       | You can't blame the business for this, because there are no
       | technical people in these orgs. They were very smart people in
       | this case, doing high-end consultancy work themselves, but they
       | are not technical. If I tried to do vibe chemistry, I'm sure it
       | would be equally disastrous.
       | 
       | The only thing vibe coding unlocks for these orgs by themselves
       | is to run headfirst into an application which does horrendous
       | things with customer data. It doesn't free up time for me as the
       | experienced dev to bring the cost down, because again, there is
       | so much work needed to bring these orgs to the point where they
       | can actually run and own an internal piece of software that I'm
       | not doing much coding anyway.
        
       | henning wrote:
       | By making up numbers and not supplying any evidence, you can come
       | to any conclusion you like! Then you get to draw a graph with no
       | units on it. Finally, you can say things that are objectively
       | false like "These assertions are rapidly becoming completely
       | false".
        
       | bob1029 wrote:
       | In context of B2B SaaS products that require a high degree of
       | customization per client, I think there could be an argument for
       | this figure.
       | 
       | The biggest bottleneck I have seen is converting the requirements
       | into code fast enough to prove to the customer that they didn't
       | give us the right/sufficient requirements. Up until recently, you
       | had to avoid spending time on code if you thought the
       | requirements were bad. Throwing away 2+ weeks of work on
       | ambiguity is a terrible time.
       | 
       | Today, you could hypothetically get lucky on a single prompt and
       | be ~99% of the way there in one shot. Even if that other 1% sucks
       | to clean up, imagine if it was enough to get the final polished
       | requirements out of the customer. You could crap out an 80%
       | prototype in the time it takes you to complete one daily standup
       | call. Is the fact that it's only 80% there bad? I don't think so
       | in this context. Handing a customer something that almost works
       | is much more productive than fucking around with design documents
       | and ensuring requirements are perfectly polished to developer
       | preferences. A slightly wrong thing gets you the exact answer a
       | lot faster than nothing at all.
        
       | sharpy wrote:
       | I think AI can be really powerful tool. I am more productive with
       | it than not, but a lot of my time interacting with AI is
       | reviewing its code, finding problems with it (I always find some
       | issues with it), and telling it what to do differently multiple
       | times, and eventually giving up, and fixing up the code by hand.
       | But it definitely has reduced average time it takes me to
       | implement features. But I also worry that not everyone would be
       | responsible and check/fix AI generated code.
        
       | CobrastanJorji wrote:
       | Man, that's a big title. I can't wait to see the data on how the
       | cost has dropped so far.
       | 
       | > AI Agents however in my mind massively reduce...
       | 
       | Nevermind. It's a vibe 90%.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | That. I was expecting some overview of the last couple of
         | decades in a "There's no Silver Bullet" fashion.
         | 
         | Instead it's some guy that claims it takes a team to make CI/CD
         | for something he can vibe-code in a day, and that agentic code
         | totally solves the complexity problems caused by too much
         | React.
        
       | mlhpdx wrote:
       | If software actually is 90% cheaper to build in 2026 there will
       | be 10x the simple apps and abandonware to follow. Throwaway
       | software like throwaway phones. It'll be weird.
        
       | krupan wrote:
       | I love how LLMs have made everyone forget how hard it is to
       | verify software correctness and how hard it is to maintain
       | existing software. There is endless gushing about how quickly
       | LLMs can write code. Whenever I point out the LLMs make a lot of
       | mistakes people just wave their hands and say software is easy to
       | validate. The huge QA departments at all software shops would beg
       | to disagree, along with the CVE database, the zero day brokers,
       | etc. But you know, whatever, they're just boomers right?
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | The cost of writing _simple_ code has dropped 90%.
       | 
       | If you can reduce a problem to a point where it can be solved by
       | simple code you can get the rest of the solution very quickly.
       | 
       | Reducing a problem to a point where it can be solved with simple
       | code takes a lot of skill and experience and is generally still
       | quite a time-consuming process.
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | I've found they are able to compose well, let it build small
         | components and stitch them together
        
         | loandbehold wrote:
         | Most of software work is maintaining "legacy" code, that is
         | older systems that have been around for a long time and get a
         | lot of use. I find Claude Code in particular is great at
         | grokking old code bases and making changes to it. I work on one
         | of those old code bases and my productivity increased 10x
         | mostly due to Claude Code's ability to research large code
         | bases, make sense of it, answer questions and making careful
         | surgical changes to it. It also helps testing code which is
         | huge productivity boost. It's not about it's ability to churn
         | out lots of code quickly: it's an extra set of eyes/brain that
         | works much faster that human developer.
        
         | gcanyon wrote:
         | > The cost of writing _simple_ code has dropped 90%.
         | 
         | Need to add, "...and what 'simple' means is getting broader by
         | the day."
        
       | dzonga wrote:
       | pretty decent article - but what it misses is most of these
       | agents are trained on bad code - which is open source.
       | 
       | so what does this mean in practice? for people working on
       | proprietary systems (cost will never go down) - the code is not
       | on github, maybe hosted on an internal VCS - bitbucket etc. the
       | agents were never trained on that code - yeah they might help
       | with docs (but are they using the latest docs?)
       | 
       | for others - the agents spit bad code, make assumptions that
       | don't exist, call api's that don't exist or have been deprecated
       | ?
       | 
       | each of those you need an experienced builder who has 1.
       | technical know-how 2. domain expertise ? so has the cost of
       | experienced builder(s) gone down ? I don't think so - I think it
       | has gone up
       | 
       | what people are vibecoding out there - is mostly tools / apps
       | that deal in closed systems (never really interact with the
       | outside world), scripts were ai can infer based on what was done
       | before etc but are these people building anything new ?
       | 
       | I have also noticed there's a huge conflation with regards to -
       | cost & complexity. zirp drove people to build software on very
       | complex abstractions eg kubernetes, nextjs, microservices etc -
       | hence people thought they needed huge armies of people etc.
       | however we also know the inverse is true that most software can
       | be built by teams of 1-3 people. we have countless proof of this.
       | 
       | so people think to reduce cost is to use a.i agents instead of
       | addressing the problem head-on - built software in a simpler
       | manner. will ai help - yeah but not to the extent of what is
       | being sold or written daily.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | The idea that LLMs were trained on miscellaneous scraped low
         | quality code may have been true a year ago, but I suspect it is
         | no longer true today
         | 
         | All of the major model vendors are competing on how well their
         | models can code. The key to getting better code out of the
         | model is improving the quality of the code that it is trained
         | on.
         | 
         | Filtering training data for high quality code is easier than
         | filtering for high quality data if other types.
         | 
         | My strong hunch is that the quality of code being used to train
         | current frontier models is way higher than it was a year ago.
        
         | Tepix wrote:
         | > these agents are trained on bad code - which is open source.
         | 
         | This is doubtful and not what I've seen in over 30 years in the
         | industry. People who are ashamed of their source code don't
         | make it Open Source. In general, Open Source will be higher
         | quality than closed source.
         | 
         | Sure, these days you will need to avoid github repositories
         | made by students for their homework assignments. I don't think
         | that's a problem.
        
       | samlinnfer wrote:
       | The cost of writing software had dropped by 90% since outsourcing
       | was invented and all the software jobs have moved to India was I
       | was told 15 years ago.
        
       | lisbbb wrote:
       | This article was more of an advertisement for...something than
       | any meaningful commentary.
       | 
       | How good are tests written by AI, really? The junk "coverage"
       | unit tests sure, but well thought out integration tests? No way.
       | Testing code is difficult, some AI slop isn't going to make that
       | easier because someone has to know the code and the
       | infrastructure it is going in to and reason about all of it.
        
       | xdc0 wrote:
       | Betteridge's law proven correct once again. The answer to the
       | headline is: no. Perhaps it will be true in the future, nobody
       | knows.
       | 
       | I'm skeptical the extent to which people publishing articles like
       | this use AI to build non-trivial software, and by non-trivial I
       | mean _imperfect_ codebases that have existed for a few years,
       | battle tested, with scars from hotfixes to deal with fires and
       | compromises to handle weird edge cases/workarounds and especially
       | a codebase where many developers have contributed to it over
       | time.
       | 
       | Just this morning I was using Gemini 3 Pro working on some
       | trivial feature, I asked it about how to go about solving an
       | issue and it completely hallucinated a solution suggesting to use
       | a non-existing function that was supposedly exposed by a library.
       | This situation has been the norm in my experience for years now
       | and, while this has improved over time, it's still very, very
       | common occurrence. If it can't get these use cases down to an
       | acceptable successful degree, I just don't see how much I can
       | trust it to take the reins and do it all with an agentic
       | approach.
       | 
       | And this is just a pure usability perspective. If we consider the
       | economics aspect, none of the AI services are profitable, they
       | are all heavily subsidized by investor cash. Is it sustainable
       | long term? Today it seems as if there is an infinite amount of
       | cash but my bet is that this will give in before the cost of
       | building software drops by 90%.
        
       | CobrastanJorji wrote:
       | I love the hand drawn chart. Apparently "Open Source" was
       | invented around 2005, which significantly reduced development
       | cost, then AWS was invented in 2011 or so and made development
       | even cheaper, but then, oh no, in 2018 "complexity" happened and
       | development became harder!
        
         | zqna wrote:
         | In 2018 We had kubernetes, which improved the development speed
         | another 300%!
        
         | jcelerier wrote:
         | I don't read this as when open-source was invented, but when it
         | _happened_ for the corporate world. In 2002 it was a very
         | reasonable choice for $BIG_COMPANY to use a proprietary web
         | server, e.g. IIS. In 2008 that would have been really be weird.
        
       | alex-ross wrote:
       | The cost of building "something" has dropped 90%. The cost of
       | building "something good" has maybe dropped 30%.
       | 
       | The gap between a demo and a product is still enormous.
        
       | rudedogg wrote:
       | The author teaches AI workshops. Nothing wrong with that, but I
       | think it should be disclosed here. A lot of money is riding on
       | LLMs being financially successful which explains a lot of the
       | hype.
        
       | hoppp wrote:
       | The cost of training agents is in the billions so Im not sure the
       | cost dropped, it just shifted and now the cost distribution is
       | different
        
       | hjaveed wrote:
       | the cost of creating a great product and amount of time it takes
       | to get infront of the customers has still not reduced
        
       | codyb wrote:
       | Writing a giant unit test suite being the primary example that
       | stuck out to me from that article really doesn't give a lot of
       | credence to the question?
       | 
       | And yet, the conclusion seems to be as if the answer is yes?
       | 
       | Until AI can work organizationally as opposed to individually
       | it'll necessarily be restricted in its abilities to produce gains
       | beyond relatively marginal improvements (Saved 20 hours of
       | developer time on unit tests) for a project that took X
       | weeks/months/years to work it's way through Y number of people.
       | 
       | So sure, simple projects, simple asks, unit tests, projects
       | handled by small teams of close knit coworkers who know the
       | system in and out and already have the experience to
       | differentiate between good code and bad? I could see that being
       | reduced by 90%.
       | 
       | But, it doesn't seem to have done much for organizational
       | efficiency here at BigCo and unit tests are pretty much the very
       | tip of a project's iceberg here. I know a lot of people are using
       | the AI agents, and I know a lot of people who aren't, and I worry
       | for the younger engineers who I'm not sure have the chops to
       | distinguish between good, bad, and irrelevant and thus leave in
       | clearly extraneous code, and paragraphs in their documents. And
       | as for the senior engineers with the chops, they seem to do okay
       | with it although I can certainly tell you they're not doing ten
       | times more than they were four years ago.
        
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