[HN Gopher] A compact camera built using an optical mouse
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       A compact camera built using an optical mouse
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 226 points
       Date   : 2025-12-03 16:02 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (petapixel.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (petapixel.com)
        
       | MarkusWandel wrote:
       | I always say "on a scale from no canoe to a $5K canoe, even the
       | crappiest canoe is 80% of the way there". This camera illustrates
       | that for vision. When you hear about those visual implants that
       | give you, say, 16x16 grayscale you think that's nothing. Yet
       | 30x30 grayscale as seen in this video, especially with live
       | updates and not just a still frame is... vision. Not 80% of the
       | way there, but does punch way above its weight class in terms of
       | usefulness.
        
         | lillecarl wrote:
         | Diminishing returns explained through canoes :)
         | 
         | 16x16 sounds really shit for me who still has perfect vision
         | indeed but I bet it's life changing to be able to identify
         | presence / absence of stuff around you and such! Yay for
         | technology!
        
           | ACCount37 wrote:
           | This kind of thing is really held back by BCI tech.
           | 
           | By now, we have smartphones with camera systems that beat
           | human eyes, and SoCs powerful enough to perform whatever
           | image processing you want them to, in real time.
           | 
           | But our best neural interfaces have the throughput close to
           | that of a dial-up modem, and questionable longevity. Other
           | technological blockers advanced in leaps and bounds, but SOTA
           | on BCI today is not that far away from 20 years ago. Because
           | medicine is where innovation goes to die.
           | 
           | It's why I'm excited for the new generation of BCIs like
           | Neuralink. For now, they're mostly replicating the old
           | capabilities, but with better fundamentals. But once the
           | fundamentals - interface longevity, ease of installation,
           | ease of adaptation - are there? We might actually get more
           | capable, more scalable BCIs.
        
             | arcanemachiner wrote:
             | To anyone wondering:
             | 
             | BCI == Brain-computer interface
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain-computer_interface
        
               | Lapsa wrote:
               | mind reading technology has already arrived.
               | radiomyography & neural networks deciphering EEGs
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | Not really. Non-invasive interfaces don't have the
               | resolution. Can't make an omelet without cracking open a
               | few skulls.
        
               | Lapsa wrote:
               | they do read my mind at least to some extent -> "The
               | paper concludes that it is possible to detect changes in
               | the thickness and the properties of the muscle solely by
               | evaluating the reflection coefficient of an antenna
               | structure." https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6711930
        
             | SiempreViernes wrote:
             | > Because medicine is where "move fast and break things"
             | means people immediately die.
             | 
             | Fixed the typo for you.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | Not moving fast and not breaking things means people die
               | slowly and excruciatingly. Because the solutions for
               | their medical issues were not developed in time.
               | 
               | Inaction has a price, you know.
        
               | omnicognate wrote:
               | It has a price for the person with the condition. For the
               | person developing the cure it does not (except perhaps
               | opportunity cost, money not made that could have been),
               | whereas killing their patients can have an extremely high
               | one.
        
               | jama211 wrote:
               | You're starting to sound terrifyingly like an unethical
               | scientist. We know how that ends, we've been down that
               | road before, and we know why it is a terrible idea.
        
               | rogerrogerr wrote:
               | There is a lot of space between "persons with a
               | debilitating condition are prohibited from choosing to
               | take a risky treatment that might help" and "hey let's
               | feed these prisoners smallpox-laced cheese for a week and
               | see what happens".
               | 
               | The "no harm, ever" crowd does not have a monopoly on
               | ethics.
        
               | chmod775 wrote:
               | The majority of treatments people ever thought up and
               | think up today are somewhere between useless and terrible
               | ideas. Whatever you think is looking so exciting right
               | now, there have been a million other things that looked
               | just as exciting before. They do not anymore.
               | 
               | We didn't come up with these rules around medical
               | treatments out of nowhere, humanity has _learned_ them
               | through painful lessons.
               | 
               | The medical field used to operate very differently and I
               | do not want to go back to those times.
        
           | metalman wrote:
           | it is a good ilustration of something like moores law, for a
           | comming end point where a hand held device will have more
           | than enough cabability and capacity to do ANYTHING, a meer
           | mortal will EVER require, and the death of options and
           | features, and a return to personal autonomy and
           | responsibility
           | 
           | AI is the final failure of "intermitent" wipers,which like my
           | latest car, is irevocably enabled to smeer the road grime and
           | imperceptable "rain" into a goo, blocking by ability to see
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | use the washer button to spray the windshield with water
             | and help the goo wipe off
        
               | metalman wrote:
               | yes, obviously, but my point is that I am now tasked with
               | helping the "feature" limp along, whenever it lurches,
               | unexpectedly, into action, therby ADDING distraction
               | which if you read the ancient myths and legends is one of
               | the main methods that evil spirits and deamons undermine
               | and defeat the unwary....and lull them into becoming
               | possesed, hosts, for said entities.
               | 
               | who's working for who here anyway?
               | 
               | already?
        
             | makeitdouble wrote:
             | True. Then we cross a threshold where things that weren't
             | even thought as possible become reachable, and we're back
             | on the treadmill.
             | 
             | That's what we're having with VR: we came to a point where
             | increasing DPI for laptop or phone seemed to make no sense;
             | but that was also the point where VR started to be
             | reachable, and over there a 300DPI screen is crude and we'd
             | really want 3x that pixel density.
        
         | SwtCyber wrote:
         | The moment you add motion and temporal continuity, even a
         | postage-stamp image turns into something your brain can work
         | with
        
           | MarkusWandel wrote:
           | The brain really is quite a machine. I've personally had a
           | retinal tear lasered. It's well within my peripheral vision,
           | and the lasering of course did more damage (but prevents it
           | from spreading). How much of this can I _see_? Nothing! My
           | peripheral vision appears continuous. Probably I 'd miss a
           | motion event only visible to that eye only in that particular
           | zone. Not to mention the enormous number of "floaters" one
           | gets especially by my age (58). Sometimes you see them but
           | for the most part the brain just filters them out.
           | 
           | Where this becomes relevant is when you consider
           | depixellation. True blur can't be undone, but pixellation
           | without appropriate antialiasing filtering...
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acKYYwcxpGk
           | 
           | So if your 30x30 camera has _sharp_ square pixels with no
           | antialiasing filter in front of the sensor, I 'll bet the
           | brain would soon learn to "run that depixellation algorithm"
           | and just by natural motion of the camera, learn to recognize
           | finer detail. Of course that still means training the brain
           | to recognize 900 electrodes, which is beyond the current
           | state of the art (but 16x16 pixels aren't and the same
           | principle can apply there).
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | It would be interesting to see how far you could push that.
             | I bet just two scanlines side-by-side would be enough for
             | complete imaging. Maybe even just one, but that would
             | require a lot more pre-processing and much finer control
             | over the angle of movement. Congrats on the positive
             | outcome of that surgery, that must have been pretty scary.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | In some situations, you can trade resolution for frequency
           | and maintain quality. 1-bit audio is a thing:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_Stream_Digital
        
       | anotherpaul wrote:
       | The original post:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/electronics/comments/1olyu7r/i_made...
       | 
       | The video on Reddit:
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/3Dprinting/comments/1olyzn6/i_made_...
        
         | zamadatix wrote:
         | One of the comments from the creator answered one of my
         | questions https://www.reddit.com/r/3Dprinting/comments/1olyzn6/
         | comment...:
         | 
         | > Do you mean the refresh rate should be higher? There's two
         | things limiting that: > - The sensor isn't optimized for
         | actually reading out images, normally it just does internal
         | processing and spits out motion data (which is at high speed).
         | You can only read images at about 90Hz > - Writing to the
         | screen is slow because it doesn't support super high clock
         | speeds. Drawing a 3x scale image (90x90 pixels) plus reading
         | from the sensor, I can get about 20Hz, and a 1x scale image
         | (30x30 pixels) I can get 50Hz.
         | 
         | I figured there would be limitations around the second, but I
         | was hoping the former wasn't such a big limit.
        
       | gsf_emergency_6 wrote:
       | Compressed sensing! What Terence Tao uses to sell math funding!!
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EE9AETSoPHw&t=44
       | 
       | https://www.instructables.com/Single-Pixel-Camera-Using-an-L...
       | 
       | (Okay not the same guy, but I wanted to share this somewhat
       | related "extreme" camera project)
        
         | fph wrote:
         | Is this compressed sensing though? The description says "Sensor
         | 30x30 pixels, 64 colors (ADNS-3090 if you wanna look it up)",
         | so definitely not a single-pixel camera.
        
           | gsf_emergency_6 wrote:
           | Sorry to get you confused. This is a different setup. TFA
           | uses the 30x30 and no compressed sensing. The link above uses
           | a single photo detector. They also use an LED matrix, but
           | that's to make the _image_ (I think)
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | I wonder how much quality you could get out of that sensor.
        
       | foxglacier wrote:
       | I have to say, the Game Boy camera doesn't have only 4 colors. It
       | has an analog output you can connect to your own ADC with more
       | bits and get more shades of gray. I even managed to get color
       | pictures out of it by swapping color filters and combining the
       | images.
        
       | mdtrooper wrote:
       | These kind of news are for me the real news for this website
       | instead of a new fancy tech product of Apple or similar
       | corporation.
       | 
       | Sincerely a lot of thanks.
        
         | SwtCyber wrote:
         | Corporate launches are predictable and polished; projects like
         | this are the opposite
        
         | bbeonx wrote:
         | agreed...i think it's fine to keep up with what the corporate
         | world is doing, but these projects bring me real joy
        
       | jan_Sate wrote:
       | Impressive. That's what I read HN for!
        
       | eugene3306 wrote:
       | Just in case the author is here: what's the FPS?
        
         | madars wrote:
         | On Reddit, author says "The preview is shown at 20fps for a 3x
         | scale image (90x90 pixels) and 50fps for a 1x scale image. This
         | is due to the time it takes to read the image data from the
         | sensor (~10ms) and the max write speed of the display.", and
         | adds that optical mice motion tracking goes to 6400 fps for
         | this sensor but you can't actually transmit image at that rate.
         | 
         | https://old.reddit.com/r/electronics/comments/1olyu7r/i_made...
        
       | shit_game wrote:
       | Very cool project. I love the detail the poster went into in
       | their linked video post about working with the sensor and their
       | implementation.
       | 
       | > Optical computer mice work by detecting movement with a
       | photoelectric cell (or sensor) and a light. The light is emitted
       | downward, striking a desk or mousepad, and then reflecting to the
       | sensor. The sensor has a lens to help direct the reflected light,
       | enabling the mouse to convert precise physical movement into an
       | input for the computer's on-screen cursor. The way the reflected
       | changes in response to movement is translated into cursor
       | movement values.
       | 
       | I can't tell if this grammatical error is a result of nonchalant
       | editing and a lack of proofreading or a person touching-up LLM
       | content.
       | 
       | > It's a clever solution for a fundamental computer problem: how
       | to control the cursor. For most computer users, that's fine, and
       | they can happily use their mouse and go about their day. But when
       | Dycus came across a PCB from an old optical mouse, which they had
       | saved because they knew it was possible to read images from an
       | optical mouse sensor, the itch to build a mouse-based camera was
       | too much to ignore.
       | 
       | Ah, it's an LLM. Dogshit grifter article. Honestly, the HN link
       | should be changed to the reddit post.
        
         | foxglacier wrote:
         | LLM or not doesn't matter as much as it's just bad reader-
         | hostile writing with a dump of trivial details while also
         | glossing over the relevant part (how does a mouse detect
         | movement).
        
       | consumer451 wrote:
       | Direct link to the reddit post:
       | 
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/electronics/comments/1olyu7r/i_made...
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | "I made a camera from an optical mouse. 30x30 pixels in 64
       | glorious shades of gray!"
       | 
       | I wonder why so many shades of grey? Fancy!
       | 
       | (Yeah, the U.K. spelling of "grey" looks more "gray" to these
       | American eyes.)
       | 
       | Hilarious too that this article is on Petapixel. (Centipixel?)
        
       | SwtCyber wrote:
       | What I love most is that it takes something we all interact with
       | every day
        
       | supportengineer wrote:
       | This is fantastic. What an amazing project! There is a certain
       | segment of photography enthusiasts who love the aesthetic.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | vaguely related but exponentially more impressive
       | 
       | camera the size of a grain of rice with 320x320 resolution
       | 
       | https://ams-osram.com/products/sensor-solutions/cmos-image-s...
        
         | buildbot wrote:
         | Woah, "wafer level optics" sounds really fancy
         | 
         | https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/3/5912/1/NanEyeC_DS000503_5...
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | These are 'optical flow' chips. They are quite interesting for
       | many reasons.
        
       | kachapopopow wrote:
       | Waiting until someone builds a high speed camera using mouse
       | sensors.
        
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       (page generated 2025-12-06 23:00 UTC)