[HN Gopher] Wall Street races to protect itself from AI bubble
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       Wall Street races to protect itself from AI bubble
        
       Author : zerosizedweasle
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2025-12-05 18:21 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (rollingout.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (rollingout.com)
        
       | dentemple wrote:
       | Don't worry, once the Wall Street tap runs dry, the U.S.
       | government will be more than happy to step in and bail out the AI
       | corps. at the taxpayer's expense.
        
         | jgalt212 wrote:
         | You're being downvoted, but a number of AI actors certainly
         | taking actions to become "too big to fail".
        
         | vondur wrote:
         | I said the same thing on a different post and people downvoted
         | it. The current administration believes that the US can't fall
         | behind China in this AI arms race. So don't expect anything too
         | drastic to happen to the large players in the game.
        
           | zerosizedweasle wrote:
           | Maybe, but a clear Republican bailout of AI might wipe them
           | out for several election cycles / foreseeable future. Big
           | tech isn't popular, AI isn't popular and bail outs aren't
           | popular
        
             | nebula8804 wrote:
             | What evidence do you have that that's going to be the case?
             | I ask because my entire life, I've seen terrible things
             | done by the Republican Party. And regular people get really
             | hurt. For example, the great financial crisis. Yet, a
             | little bit of time passes, and that 30-some-odd percent
             | goes right back to voting for them.
        
           | malka1986 wrote:
           | China made the us fall in kinda the same trap that the us
           | madeade ussr fall into with the moon race.
        
             | 1718627440 wrote:
             | Does anybody know how much an ML model is actually worth to
             | build a new model? Like when they start making a new model,
             | do they modify the old or do they start from scratch?
             | 
             | I'm asking to know how much owning a model is actually
             | worth, not in how much it could make money by selling use,
             | but in how much it deprecates and keeps value to make a new
             | one. If say one side of China/US lacks out on a model
             | generation, do they only need to follow progress on the
             | science behind it and when they own the data, the algorithm
             | and the hardware all they need is "just" time and energy or
             | is it important, that they actually have their on instance
             | of a large model from every generation continuously?
        
         | daedrdev wrote:
         | With what money? US debt is owned by mostly US residents. US
         | defecit is already absurdly high. Not to mention the looming
         | social security failure
        
           | stvltvs wrote:
           | You print more money. The only limit is the inflation you
           | create.
        
             | anonymars wrote:
             | Not to disagree with the overall point, but because this
             | comes up a lot I'll nitpick it: issuing debt is not the
             | same as printing money
             | 
             | With debt, along with the proverbial "cash" comes an
             | opposing "IOU" -- any change* is thus only temporary, in
             | the time dimension (essentially that's what's being
             | exchanged: time)
             | 
             | Printing money out of nowhere is different, because it's
             | missing that other half
             | 
             | * at the risk of stating the obvious: "change" meaning
             | "difference" and not "cents"
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | A lot of debt also arises because of savings needs. If
               | everyone is saving for retirement, for example, that
               | savings has to be debt marked somewhere else. Examples:
               | 
               | * Social security used to have a huge surplus, that was
               | savings that had to go somewhere (even if it was just a
               | savings account in a bank, the bank would then be able to
               | lend it out). They instead buy treasuries and that
               | savings becomes debt to the USG.
               | 
               | * China likewise needs to save dollars because it doesn't
               | want them sloshing around in their economy leading to
               | inflation, so instead of using it to buy things they buy
               | treasuries, and their savings becomes debt to the USG
               | (not always a great deal for China if interest rates are
               | below inflation).
               | 
               | The dollar has been so useful in the past as a currency
               | of trade because you could save large amounts of it
               | easily by buying US treasuries. One reason China doesn't
               | want the RMB to be used so heavily for trade is that they
               | don't want to do the same yet.
        
         | sethops1 wrote:
         | See: the Genesis Mission
         | https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/11/laun...
         | 
         | I complained about it already
         | https://tickerfeed.net/articles/whitehouse-genesis-mission-b...
        
         | roadside_picnic wrote:
         | It's national defense! Imagine if China had more slop than us!
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | China is focusing heavily on AI applications. They have
           | basically decided already to deal with their coming
           | demographic bust with robuts/AI rather than immigration. Its
           | not even about military applications, the US is just afraid
           | that China will shoot so far ahead of us economically that
           | they won't have any leverage over it in the future at all.
        
             | nebula8804 wrote:
             | There's a lot of nonsense that comes out on both sides of
             | the aisle. I wish there was a solid single source of truth
             | to figure out what's really going on in China and what's
             | really going on behind the scenes in the U.S.
             | 
             | Some talk about how China has some strategic issues, such
             | as do they have a reliable supply of food and energy?
             | (Zeihan etc.)
             | 
             | I guess the energy portion is being solved with renewables.
             | And I guess if they solve the issue of demographic collapse
             | with robots and AI, that's something.
             | 
             | But really, if there's less people and they're getting
             | older, what's the point? What are they really working
             | towards?
             | 
             | This question is also becoming a problem post-Trump
             | immigration ban in the U.S.
             | 
             | Who knows what the U.S.'s demographics are going to look
             | like now?
             | 
             | Trump inherited a U.S. with some of the best demographics
             | of all nations on the planet, especially in the West. And
             | he managed to throw that in the garbage.
        
               | alexashka wrote:
               | > There's a lot of nonsense that comes out on both sides
               | of the aisle. I wish there was a solid single source of
               | truth to figure out what's really going on in China and
               | what's really going on behind the scenes in the U.S.
               | 
               | Isn't this simply the answer?
               | 
               | That what's going on is gaslighting of the public and
               | that there _are_ people behind the scenes and they don 't
               | want hoi polloi to know what they're up to?
               | 
               | This geo-politics (or politics) talk is 'intellectual'
               | men's astrology.
               | 
               | When a woman asks me my astrological sign, I know she's a
               | deeply unserious person. When a man says 'do they have a
               | reliable supply of food and energy'...
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | _There 's a lot of nonsense that comes out on both sides
               | of the aisle. I wish there was a solid single source of
               | truth to figure out what's really going on in China and
               | what's really going on behind the scenes in the U.S._
               | 
               | I've always assumed that there is such a source of truth,
               | but that I had never heard of it, wouldn't have access to
               | it, and couldn't afford it if I did.
               | 
               | Reading a few tweets from Musk was all it took to correct
               | _that_ misapprehension. It 's increasingly clear that
               | nobody at any level of play knows jack shit about
               | anything.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | _> I wish there was a solid single source of truth to
               | figure out what 's really going on in China_
               | 
               | What kind of sources are you looking for? The Five Year
               | Plans are the best source of truth for what they are
               | planning on doing nationwide. The annual _Statistical
               | Communique on National Economic and Social Development_
               | and _China Statistical Yearbook_ from the NBS contain
               | statistics on how that implementation is going. Then
               | every year the NDRC delivers the _Report on the
               | Implementation of the Plan for National Economic and
               | Social Development and on the Draft Plan_ to the National
               | People's Congress which packages up the statistics on how
               | the plan is progressing.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > contain statistics on how that implementation is going
               | 
               | Are those statistics reliable?
               | 
               | In the US there are often good alternative sources for
               | data: the discussions about unemployment numbers have
               | been interesting (e.g. after private ADP numbers
               | released). https://seekingalpha.com/article/4850656-jobs-
               | data-from-alte...
               | 
               | The lies in the Soviet 5 year production stats were
               | relentlessly mocked in 1984.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | They're the most reliable source we're going to get
               | without being party insiders. There's still Soviet-style
               | inflation of figures to meet quotas but China has been
               | cracking down on that for the last few decades because
               | they want accurate data for the five year plans. I think
               | it's more of a problem with outer provinces, less so for
               | the major manufacturing hubs.
               | 
               | Alternative sources to verify are a bit harder to find
               | without knowing the languages (lots of the NRDC and NBS
               | stats are available in English).
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | You could just go over there and live for a few years,
               | you can be your own source. But yes, they have energy, no
               | they don't have oil, yes they have lots of agriculture
               | land, no they messed up some of their environment and
               | that will take time to heal, yes they are working on it.
               | 
               | > But really, if there's less people and they're getting
               | older, what's the point? What are they really working
               | towards?
               | 
               | China wants to be a rich country even if their population
               | stabilizes at only 900 million people or so. Mostly they
               | want to avoid the middle income trap, which would have
               | been a problem regardless of their demographics falling
               | off a cliff. Automation is the best way to get around it,
               | and they have enough tech, production know how and
               | capacity, and smart people to pull that off.
               | 
               | China is going to continue doing what is best for it, and
               | they haven't gone stupid like the USA has. Embracing AI
               | for productive uses rather than just fixating on the slop
               | produced is one place where they are racing past the
               | west.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | We cannot allow a slop gap!
        
             | W-Stool wrote:
             | Thank you General Turgidson.
        
         | dataviz1000 wrote:
         | > Don't worry, once the Wall Street tap runs dry, the U.S.
         | government will be more than happy to step in and bail out the
         | AI corps. at the taxpayer's expense.
         | 
         | I have a brilliant idea. Why not start this now?
         | 
         | The US government will give every child born $1000 in money in
         | order to hand it to the small number of families who own 70% of
         | equities in order to purchase equities the child can't touch
         | for 18 years. That is US Government -> child -> rich person who
         | currently owns the equity, although the rich person gets the
         | cash in hand the child has to wait 18 years to sell the equity.
         | 
         | Where does the US Government get this $1000 per child from?
         | Borrow it, adding to the $38,000,000,000,000 in national debt.
         | 
         | Here is the interesting part of my brilliant plan. That child
         | will inherit, calculated per capita, $111,000 in debt the
         | moment she is born. That child will be responsible, calculated
         | per capita, for ~$3,000 a year in interest on that debt.
         | 
         | In order to sell the idea, every time the US Government gives
         | $1000 to a child to purchase stocks I own, I will give $250 to
         | another child to purchase stocks I own. Let's do the math:
         | $1000 profit - $250 loss + $250 profit = $1000 profit. Best
         | part is the media will run this as the leading news story for 3
         | days making me look like God.
         | 
         | It is a brilliant idea.
        
           | glitchc wrote:
           | I love it, except there's no point in providing debt to a
           | party with no ability to pay for ~18 years.
        
             | bdangubic wrote:
             | due to ever-increasing income inequality the legal age for
             | being able to have a job will be reduced to 6 in the coming
             | years :)
        
               | dataviz1000 wrote:
               | The new AI data center I build to do what ever it is that
               | AI Clippy does over at Microsoft will run on coal energy
               | and those dirty chimneys are not going to clean
               | themselves.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Subtract GDP growth and it's slightly negative, meaning
           | simply borrowing more money and the at current rates the debt
           | to GDP ratio decreases over time. Massive spending sprees are
           | why it's gotten so huge, kicking it down the road turns it
           | into a smaller problem soon as politicians stop actively
           | making the issue worse it goes away.
           | 
           | We could argue about the risk if things start to fail, but in
           | an emergency the US could change its constitution and abandon
           | its debt.
        
         | robocat wrote:
         | Make America Bankrupt Again!?
        
         | boh wrote:
         | That's why they're hedging. US government regulation has
         | liquidity requirements so it doesn't occur.
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | In the meantime, people who are actually working with it only
       | become more bullish, and see a world where most people are first
       | willing, and later basically required to pay 20-200 per month
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | This really doesn't make sense to me. I see no world where Ai
         | is so useful that the common man is willing to pay 100+ a month
         | for it, but it's also a world where the common man has a job.
         | There's too many people for everyone to have some niche job the
         | Ai can't do.
        
           | bojan wrote:
           | And if such a job would carry a work week of, say, 5 or 10
           | hours?
        
             | MSFT_Edging wrote:
             | Then they would be paid for 5-10 hours and have to ask the
             | government for benefits.
             | 
             | In what world would a corporation pay a full yearly salary
             | for 1/8th to 1/4 the labor hours? The current world already
             | looks to labor as the juiciest place to cut cost for the
             | profit margin.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | That's not enough time to maintain skill. Experience would
             | build very slowly in people working so intermittently.
        
             | thatguy0900 wrote:
             | Someone is working 20 hours a month and paying for a 100$
             | subscription on top of bills? And this isn't a isolated
             | case, this is the expectation for the normal person? Is the
             | job supposed to be real or is the government just giving
             | out universal basic income while being petulant about
             | people not working at all
        
         | websiteapi wrote:
         | would you bet $10,000 that the super majority (80% or greater)
         | of current users of free APIs will be using a paid (20-200) one
         | per month? if so let's set something up. we can set the time
         | limit at January 1st, 2028.
        
         | alpha_squared wrote:
         | Someone "actually working with it" checking in, if that matters
         | at all to this conversation. I'm very bearish on the industry
         | even if I think the tech is going to stick around.
         | 
         | If we separate the tech from the industry, it's clear one has
         | some value (albeit very hard to say just how much) and the
         | other is a lot of smoke and mirrors. This is not a healthy
         | space.
        
           | spwa4 wrote:
           | One might point out that this is the story of AI since at
           | least the 1930's. Impressive technology demo's ... wild
           | investment, crash, bankruptcy ... but the tech remains and in
           | fact has useful applications all around.
           | 
           | AI Winters. I finished school in 2008 and have seen it happen
           | twice.
           | 
           | Convnets. LSTM (and various RNNs).
           | 
           | Both are in wide use today.
        
         | mhog_hn wrote:
         | Imagine throwing orders of magnitude more of compute at things
         | - we may have things like a monte carlo tree search for LLM
         | outputs using an LLMJudge that prunes the tree.
        
           | LaurensBER wrote:
           | + we can continuously let a LLM monitor our log files and
           | alert/propose/fix issues 24/7. If intelligence becomes cheap
           | enough this would be an enormous market.
           | 
           | Having a LLM run as "fact checker" /coach for everything that
           | you write also would be a great addition.
        
         | roadside_picnic wrote:
         | > who are actually working with it only become more bullish
         | 
         | I have a feeling the word "actually" is doing a lot of work
         | with this. I shipped AI facing user products a few years ago,
         | then worked in more research focused AI work for awhile
         | (spending a lot of time working with internals of these
         | models). Then seeing where this was all headed (hype was more
         | important than real work) decided to go back to good ol'
         | statistical modeling.
         | 
         | Needless to say, while I think AI is absolutely useful, I'm
         | bearish on the industry because current promises and
         | expectations are completely out of touch with reality.
         | 
         | But I have a feeling because I'm not currently deploying a
         | fleet of what people are calling "agents" (real agents are
         | still quite cool imho), you would describe me as _not_
         | "actually" using AI.
        
         | maplethorpe wrote:
         | Can I ask what you do? I suspect there is a type of job that AI
         | excels at, and it makes everyone in that job unreasonably
         | bullish on AI.
        
       | jtf23 wrote:
       | profits have not materialized, nor can they: machines can only
       | transfer value, they cannot create it
        
         | ubercow13 wrote:
         | What?
        
           | jtf23 wrote:
           | it turns out capitalists do not understand economics
        
         | mikepurvis wrote:
         | Two responses to this:
         | 
         | - _Most_ participants in the economy are creating very little
         | real value. They 're shifting things around or temporarily
         | solving problems that are highly localized to the organization
         | they're in.
         | 
         | - There's a lot of _unrealized value_ stored in the corpus of
         | knowledge that AI companies have ingested-- the millions of
         | webpages, the scanned books, wikipedia, the blogs and Q &A
         | sites. So even if AI companies are not creating new insights,
         | just the act of locating, filtering, and summarizing knowledge
         | that was already present somewhere in the world is valuable.
         | Indeed, one could use this same argument to declare that Google
         | in 1999 was creating no value, which is of course obviously
         | untrue.
        
           | zerotolerance wrote:
           | Google created two kinds of value: content discovery via
           | connection (value to the consumer), and market reachability
           | for advertisers. Oh, and also the world's most inconvenient
           | spell check.
           | 
           | AI proposes to solve: a content supply side problem which
           | does not exist, and an analysis problem which also only maybe
           | exists. Really what it does in the best of cases (assuming
           | everything actually works) is drive the cost to produce
           | content to zero, make discovery less trustworthy, make the
           | discovery problem worse, and launder IP. In the best case it
           | is a net negative economic force.
           | 
           | All that said, I believe the original comment is about the
           | fact that the economy exists to serve market participants and
           | AI is not a market participant. It can act as a proxy, but it
           | doesn't buy or sell things in the economic sense. Through
           | that lens, also in the best case the technology erodes demand
           | by reducing economic power of the consumer.
           | 
           | That said, I'm stoked to hear about the next AI web site
           | generator or spam email campaign manager. Lets setup an SPV
           | to get it backed off-balance sheet.
        
       | encyclopedism wrote:
       | What bubble? Where is it? I haven't seen it! Here, try my SOTA AI
       | toothbrush.
        
         | red-iron-pine wrote:
         | presumably it data mines plaque locations while providing no
         | actual hygiene benefit whatsoever
        
       | lambdaone wrote:
       | This makes the hair rise up on the back of my neck; it reminds me
       | the sub-prime crisis - "they can't all default at once!"
        
         | JohnMakin wrote:
         | It does look and feel very similar - particularly the risk
         | shedding and assumptions made there
        
         | thewebguyd wrote:
         | > "they can't all default at once!"
         | 
         | Narrator: As it turns out, they can.
         | 
         | The difference now is instead of banks holding the risk, they
         | are now the safest portion of the loans. The risk is now moved
         | to private credit, so if this bubble bursts, they will panic
         | sell other assets to cover the AI losses, which will crash
         | unrelated sectors as well.
         | 
         | Since the now bad AI loans can't be sold, they need liquidity
         | form elsewhere to cover. AI bursting means other S&P 500
         | stocks, treasuries, gold, crypto, commercial real estate will
         | all go down with it.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | I wonder how much other bad private credit there is. If you
           | want liquid funds, rolling it all over time and time again
           | might stop working... Maybe it is really time to clean it all
           | up.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | Yes. And they always start trying to diversify only after they
         | work years forcing everything to be correlated to it...
         | 
         | The .com bubble wasn't like this, but it was a minority between
         | bubbles.
        
       | vb-8448 wrote:
       | One thing it's not clear to me: the amount of money is colossal,
       | where the one who are supposed to refund banks will get the
       | money?
        
         | thewebguyd wrote:
         | > where the one who are supposed to refund banks will get the
         | money?
         | 
         | Liquidating other assets. The point of the banks using SRTs is
         | to push the default risk off of the bank and onto investors.
         | 
         | So now, instead of banks failing, private credit gets to bear
         | the risk of the bubble popping. Since they can't sell the (now
         | bad) AI debt, they will need to liquidate all of their other
         | assets to pay the banks.
         | 
         | That's why a potential AI bubble burst can cause the markets to
         | enter a death spiral and bring down a bunch of other, unrelated
         | markets.
         | 
         | If private credit can't cover the losses by liquidating
         | everything else, well, then they fail, and we either let it all
         | crumble or do bailouts again.
        
           | spwa4 wrote:
           | You forget the single greatest source of money for investors:
           | loans. Sorry "margin". With the banks. And margin is
           | nonnegotiable because the whole point of the stock market is
           | to massively increased loaned money because that is the real
           | advantage to the economy they provide.
           | 
           | Plus the problem of 2008. You cannot offload risk if
           | everything is synchronized, the math still works but doesn't
           | take "either everything crashes or nothing does" into
           | account.
        
       | voxleone wrote:
       | Looks like we might be witnessing a textbook cycle of self-
       | fulfilling prophecy in the making. As the article suggests, once
       | large investors and institutions start calling this an "AI
       | bubble," the narrative alone can drive more capital, inflating
       | valuations further just because everyone expects growth. When
       | price - expectation - price becomes the dominant feedback loop,
       | fundamentals matter less.
       | 
       | That kind of reflexivity has powered past bubbles. George Soros'
       | reflexivity thesis applies: rising prices attract more
       | investment, which inflates prices further, until reality forces a
       | reset. If many AI-related companies can't quickly deliver
       | expected growth, the eventual correction could be sharp.
       | 
       | In short: hype begets cash, cash begets price, price begets more
       | hype, and at that point, we're no longer betting on value, we're
       | betting on the belief itself.
        
       | alecco wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/kwD1t
       | 
       | > Banks are lending unprecedented sums to technology giants
       | building artificial intelligence infrastructure while quietly
       | using derivatives to shield themselves from potential losses.
       | 
       | And who is their counterparty? Aliens? What a dumb click-bait
       | article.
        
       | jesuslop wrote:
       | Is there a web that calculates implicit credit ratings of the
       | hyperscaler companies?
        
       | boh wrote:
       | Banks hedge investments-it's pretty standard and lowers their
       | risk-weighted assets. If their investments are big, their hedges
       | are big. If banks have a net negative view towards their AI
       | investments, this article fails to articulate that (regardless of
       | how many exciting adjectives they choose to use).
        
         | spwa4 wrote:
         | $5 trillion dollars in loans? Pretty standard?
        
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