[HN Gopher] ESA Sentinel-1D delivers first high-resolution images
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       ESA Sentinel-1D delivers first high-resolution images
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 61 points
       Date   : 2025-11-30 17:37 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.esa.int)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.esa.int)
        
       | whitehexagon wrote:
       | I used to enjoy clicking through to the ESA Sentinel images, but
       | then they kinda dried up for a while, or it was very hit and miss
       | for updates. It would be nice to have regular daily or weekly
       | upload. Our planet is so beautiful, as many of these Sentinel
       | images show.
        
       | saubeidl wrote:
       | While we're talking about cool ESA achievements, the view of our
       | universe Euclid gives us is incredible.
       | 
       | Check out this video they made if you want your mind blown:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXCBFlIpvfQ
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | Pretty cool. But it gives me some sort of existential vertigo.
        
       | hak8or wrote:
       | I was curious what instruments this use, looks like a special
       | form of radar? Does this mean it effectively gives us very
       | accurate height maps regardless of cloud coverage, and is able to
       | differentiate between what surface material it's seeing?
       | 
       | > Radar instruments can image Earth's surface through clouds,
       | precipitation, regardless of sunlight, making them particularly
       | well suited for monitoring polar regions. The Sentinel-1C and -1D
       | satellites also carry an Automatic Identification System (AIS)
       | instrument - improving the mission capacity to detect ships and
       | sea pollution. The Sentinel-1D AIS was also activated as the
       | satellite passed over Antarctica capturing the presence of ships
       | in these extreme areas.
        
         | lmc wrote:
         | What you can get in a single image are 5.5cm wavelength
         | microwave backscatter - this means surface materials can be
         | differentiated by looking at texture differences at that scale.
         | So - tarmac vs a ploughed field, for example. There's 2
         | polarizations as well, so you can identify e.g. vegetated areas
         | also, which scatter the signal in a different way.
         | 
         | A single image from Sentinel-1 won't give a height map
         | directly, but a pair can using interferometry (InSAR), as the
         | phase of the backscattered signal is also measured. With that
         | you can derive something about the terrain. It's not super
         | accurate though for absolute height maps.
         | 
         | And yes the signals pass through cloud and it works at night.
        
         | leoedin wrote:
         | Synthetic aperture radar is basically building a bitmap of
         | radar reflectivity. So what you get looks a lot like a photo.
         | You can end up with very non-photo artifacts though - blown out
         | pixels caused by corner reflectors, bright things can result in
         | ghost copies in multiple places and if there's other radar
         | operating in the same frequency bands it can end up on the
         | picture.
         | 
         | The core idea is that you send out pulses as you pass over the
         | ground and then record the echoes. You can create an image by -
         | for each pixel in the image - working out the response you
         | would expect to receive back and correlating that with the
         | actual responses you saw. That gives you a reflectivity value.
         | You can do it in multiple polarisation to better distinguish
         | things.
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | Ideally you want to have a large collecting area (aperture) for
         | radar to get good resolution. But it isn't practical to put a
         | big radar dish in space. So they use a small aperture and
         | simulate a larger one by sweeping out an area over time and
         | using some clever maths. Hence 'synthetic aperture radar'.
        
       | mkl wrote:
       | High resolution images, but they decided to disable zoom on
       | mobile. I don't understand why anyone does that.
        
       | cess11 wrote:
       | The Copernicus data browser is quite nice, even though they like
       | to sit on possibly sensitive images for long periods of time.
       | 
       | https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/browser/
        
       | transpute wrote:
       | _" SARLink: Satellite Backscatter Connectivity using Synthetic
       | Aperture Radar"_ (2024), https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09682
       | SARLink is a passive satellite backscatter communication system
       | that uses existing spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
       | imaging satellites to provide connectivity in remote regions ..
       | As the first technique for passively sending information bits
       | from the ground to a SAR satellite -- and with some SAR systems
       | offering open-access data -- this system could enable anyone to
       | send information without expensive licenses or subscriptions.
       | Thus, it provides an accessible way of sending messages in areas
       | without connectivity or in censored environments where active
       | radio transmissions cannot be used. Furthermore, SARLink requires
       | no modification of the satellite infrastructure.. We demonstrate
       | our system using the European Space Agency (ESA) satellite
       | Sentinel-1A, as the data is freely available and the system
       | regularly images all the land on Earth .. a 5.5 ft by 5.5 ft
       | modulating corner reflector could send 60 bits every satellite
       | pass, enough to support low bandwidth sensor data and messages.
        
       | OgsyedIE wrote:
       | Is there a specific name for the vaguely fractal nature of the
       | cliff formations in the Tierra del Fuego shot?
        
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       (page generated 2025-11-30 23:00 UTC)