[HN Gopher] Airbus A320 Fly by wire corrupted by radiation in fl...
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       Airbus A320 Fly by wire corrupted by radiation in flight
        
       Author : JohannMac
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2025-11-28 20:06 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (viewfromthewing.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (viewfromthewing.com)
        
       | JohannMac wrote:
       | Caused uncommanded pitch down, could exceed structural integrity
       | of aircraft. There are redundant units - unknown why this can
       | happen given redundancy.
        
         | mertd wrote:
         | Also not very clear how they attributed the failure to solar
         | radiation.
        
           | belter wrote:
           | These have specific error/data spike patterns. This document
           | as of page 133 as good example of such investigation and
           | conclusions: https://www.atsb.gov.au/sites/default/files/medi
           | a/3532398/ao...
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | It's an interesting document, but I am unconvinced that
             | data spikes mean environmental radiation driven data
             | corruption. The fact that they have a certain pattern
             | suggests it's not random.
             | 
             | They certainly do put a chapter with potential triggers
             | down there, and it's a good take, you can't just discard
             | the possibility. But above, they also have SW bugs as a
             | potential trigger, so... Essentially, they don't know for
             | sure yet.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | > But above, they also have SW bugs as a potential
               | trigger, so
               | 
               | They also did extensive tests and analyses and came to
               | the conclusion that a bug was highly unlikely (they would
               | never say that something is impossible, but it still is
               | exceedingly improbable).
               | 
               | > Essentially, they don't know for sure yet.
               | 
               | That's not a really fair assessment. Their conclusion is
               | that they could not estimate the likelihood of a
               | radiation effect, so in that sense they don't know for
               | sure. But they still eliminated a lot of options. Almost
               | all of them, actually.
        
           | RealityVoid wrote:
           | In my humble opinion, whenever someone dropped the idea...
           | "Maybe it's solar radiation" it never was solar radiation.
           | There was a subtle bug in the system or something. It's just
           | such a cop-out to attribute it to, solar radiation, it's our
           | profession's variant of _magic_.
        
             | netsharc wrote:
             | https://www.computer-dictionary-
             | online.org/definitions-c/cos...
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | I don't think they did. Their analysis indicates that it
           | could, and this analysis happened as part of an investigation
           | of an incident, but they don't say that was definitely the
           | cause of that incident.
        
         | F7F7F7 wrote:
         | Presumably the same affected units are part of the redundancy
         | package. The article essentially says as much.
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Emergency Airworthiness Directive 2025-0268-E:
       | https://ad.easa.europa.eu/ad/2025-0268-E
       | 
       | https://ad.easa.europa.eu/blob/EASA_AD_2025_0268_E.pdf/EAD_2...
       | 
       | This was the incident that triggered the investigation:
       | 
       | https://avherald.com/h?article=52f1ffc3&opt=0
       | 
       | https://edition.cnn.com/2025/10/30/us/jetblue-flight-emergen...
       | 
       | List of Airbus A320 family operators:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Airbus_A320_family_ope...
        
         | bgwalter wrote:
         | According to the airworthiness directive:
         | Affected ELAC: Elevator aileron computer (ELAC) ELAC B L104
         | Serviceable ELAC: ELAC B L103+
         | 
         | So it's a regression that affects decades old aircraft. Of
         | course Airbus is now also meddling with "AI":
         | 
         | https://www.airbus.com/en/innovation/digital-transformation/...
         | 
         | Obviously there no direct connection here, but it seems that
         | destabilizing perfectly working aircraft could be the product
         | of a culture shift.
        
           | mosura wrote:
           | From what I have heard of how much Airbus pay people . .
           | "Much" is the wrong word.
        
           | kergonath wrote:
           | > Obviously there no direct connection here, but it seems
           | that destabilizing perfectly working aircraft could be the
           | product of a culture shift.
           | 
           | A culture shift following a fad in the last couple of years
           | that caused "a regression" (whatever you mean by that) in an
           | aircraft that was made years before, and that was designed
           | years before again? How would that work? They can stop
           | selling aircrafts if they have a time machine.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | _Airbus issues major A320 recall after flight-control incident_
       | https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/airbus-is...
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46081628)
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-event_upset
       | 
       | Apparently it has happened to an Airbus once before.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qantas_Flight_72
         | 
         | https://www.atsb.gov.au/sites/default/files/media/3532398/ao...
        
       | lysace wrote:
       | So the patch will be physical, I imagine.
       | 
       | ("Apply this very expensive special tape from (e.g.) 3M here and
       | here.")
        
         | SteveNuts wrote:
         | I believe most A320s can do OTA software updates (including
         | dowgrades)
        
         | t0mas88 wrote:
         | I've read the EASA emergency airworthiness directive, it's only
         | a software change.
        
           | lysace wrote:
           | A software change that remedies solar radiation issues? Cool.
        
             | mirekrusin wrote:
             | Instead of 3 copies make 7 for majority vote?
        
             | butvacuum wrote:
             | Easy enough to imagine. Something improperly was judged to
             | not need concencus, running the calculation twice, or some
             | other software mitigation. Revise process to include
             | mitigation.
        
       | sxp wrote:
       | The title sounds like speculative clickbait.
       | 
       | From https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/press-
       | releases/2025-11-ai...:                 Analysis of a recent
       | event involving an A320 Family aircraft has revealed that intense
       | solar radiation may corrupt data critical to the functioning of
       | flight controls.
       | 
       | This is different from the core claim that the incident _was_
       | caused by radiation. What are the prior probabilities that the
       | system was exposed to  "intense radiation"? Vs some other mundane
       | cause such as a faulty wire or mechanical issues? And what is the
       | evidence supporting the former hypothesis?
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | > What are the prior probabilities
         | 
         | 100% for electronics operating at altitude. Also on the ground,
         | but we mostly act like it doesn't happen and are usually
         | ignorant of the root cause when it does.
        
           | RealityVoid wrote:
           | 100% of what? Those things have ECC and redundancy to the
           | hilt. The data corruption odds are real and higher than one
           | would expect but still not very high.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Look at pag 138...and correlation with altitude...: https:/
             | /www.atsb.gov.au/sites/default/files/media/3532398/ao...
        
               | RealityVoid wrote:
               | Yes, look at page 135 as well. They don't know, they have
               | educated guesses. It could be SW, it could be hw.
               | 
               | EMI causing bugs is the equivalent of "bad juju".
        
               | CGMthrowaway wrote:
               | The ATSB report shows the same 150ms power bump that
               | upset the ADIRU also left tidy 1-word corruptions in the
               | flight data recorder. Those align with the clock cycle,
               | share the same amplitude and are confined to single ARINC
               | words. That is pretty much exactly the signature of a
               | failing solid state relay or contactor on the shared
               | avionics power bus (upstream of both FDR and fly by
               | wire).
               | 
               | Radation-driven bit flips would be Poisson distributed in
               | time and energy. Because these events are periodic and
               | slot into the same label ID every cycle, it does not
               | appear to me to be radiation
        
         | bgwalter wrote:
         | The airworthiness directive replaces ELAC B L104 with ELAC B
         | L103+, without giving a reason. Unless L103+ happens to have
         | better shielding, it looks like another issue.
        
         | NedF wrote:
         | How can a ~bit flip can cause something that bad? It would mean
         | everything else like you mention would also be that bad. Bad
         | ram, bad hard disk, loose wire, bird hits the plane, everyone
         | jumps at once, leaking military jamming.
         | 
         | Radiation should be covered under normal safety, along with
         | they already shield for it.
         | 
         | People often wrongly blame things on radiation, bit flips etc.
         | when they don't know the real cause. A well known pattern.
         | 
         | There is a Hacker News item that was on high repeat where they
         | eventually they solved the ~'cosmic radiation bug' as they
         | first called it. Cannot remember the link.
         | 
         | It will not be true no matter what the, I know 'interesting'
         | facts, 'I have a wiki link', crowd tell you. Real life is
         | boring (and amazing). See Heisenbug's -
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenbug
        
         | cyberax wrote:
         | > What are the prior probabilities that the system was exposed
         | to "intense radiation"?
         | 
         | I suggest trying to fly with a Geiger counter. At the cruise
         | altitude you have something like 15-20x the normal background
         | level, when flying over the pole it can rise to 30x.
         | 
         | It's actually not caused by the solar radiation, it's too weak
         | to reach the flight level. It is caused by cosmic rays, and the
         | solar activity modulates how much of the cosmic radiation
         | reaches the lower levels of the atmosphere.
        
       | t0mas88 wrote:
       | This is highly unusual, so there may be something more to it than
       | only speculation about radiation. The emergency AD says:
       | 
       | > Before next flight after the effective date of this AD, replace
       | or modify each affected ELAC with a serviceable ELAC in
       | accordance with the instructions of the AOT. > > A ferry flight
       | (up to 3 Flight Cycles, non-ETOPS, no passengers) is permitted to
       | position the aeroplane to a location where the replacement or
       | modification can be accomplished.
       | 
       | That's a very limiting AD. The "before the next flight" part is
       | unusual, ADs often have a limit to the next inspection or X
       | flight hours or similar, not immediately.
        
         | mosura wrote:
         | Is some major new solar activity imminently expected that
         | explains the urgency?
        
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       (page generated 2025-11-28 23:01 UTC)