[HN Gopher] The privacy nightmare of browser fingerprinting
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The privacy nightmare of browser fingerprinting
        
       Author : ingve
       Score  : 704 points
       Date   : 2025-11-22 17:08 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (kevinboone.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (kevinboone.me)
        
       | ArcHound wrote:
       | You missed one of our best guarded secrets: ja3 hashes and their
       | successors.
       | 
       | Basically, we can identify browsers based on the supported
       | ciphers in TLS handshake (order matters too AFAIK). Then when
       | your declared identity is not matching the ja3 hash, you're
       | automatically suspicious, if not blocked right away. I think
       | that's the reason for so many Capchas.
        
         | 1over137 wrote:
         | What's ja3?
        
           | ArcHound wrote:
           | Here you go:
           | https://developers.cloudflare.com/bots/additional-
           | configurat...
           | 
           | It's a better explanation that I can provide.
        
             | eurekin wrote:
             | Oh! Now I wonder, if crowdsec could issue bans based on
             | that
        
         | peetistaken wrote:
         | I built a nice tool to visualize that: https://tls.peet.ws. Its
         | not that secret anymore though, more and more libraries are
         | starting to allow spoofing for browser tls configs. There isnt
         | really a cat/mouse game here - once you match the latest
         | chrome, there is nothing to fingerprint
        
           | johnisgood wrote:
           | I do not think I understand that website. I see that JA3
           | always gets changed after refresh, but not sure what JA3 is.
           | Why is it always different, and is it good or bad?
        
             | Retr0id wrote:
             | Modern browsers randomise parts of the handshake, which
             | results in an unstable ja3. ja4 and others normalize the
             | relevant details to make the fingerprint constant again.
        
               | johnisgood wrote:
               | How effective is it at "un-anonymizing" me? I value
               | privacy. What do you think I can do about "any" of this?
        
               | Retr0id wrote:
               | It tends to identify your platform/browser version, with
               | relatively low granularity. Unless you have an unusually
               | rare OS/browser config, it won't deanon you on on its
               | own. But it can be combined with other fingerprinting
               | vectors.
        
         | mike_d wrote:
         | JA3/JA4 are useless now.
         | 
         | At best they identify the family of browser, and spoofing it is
         | table stakes for bad actors. https://github.com/lwthiker/curl-
         | impersonate
        
           | ArcHound wrote:
           | Slight correction: Spoofing it is table stakes for ever so
           | slightly capable actors.
           | 
           | These will still help against the masses of dumb actors
           | flooding your stuff.
        
       | dringov wrote:
       | > _Worst of all, perhaps, it can extract a canvas fingerprint.
       | Canvas fingerprinting works by having the browser run code that
       | draws text (perhaps invisibly), and then retrieving the
       | individual pixel data that it drew. This pixel data will differ
       | subtly from one system to another, even drawing the same text,
       | because of subtle differences in the graphics hardware and the
       | operating system._
       | 
       | I am concerned about the detail here: does this mean per hardware
       | class (e.g. same model of GPU), or per each individual device?
       | 
       | Is the implication that there are certain graphical operations
       | that - perhaps unintentionally - end up becoming akin to a
       | physically unclonable function in hardware?
        
         | Xelbair wrote:
         | >I am concerned about the detail here: does this mean per
         | hardware class (e.g. same model of GPU), or per each individual
         | device?
         | 
         | per combination of hardware(GPU, resolution of display) and
         | software(exact drivers)
        
         | sfink wrote:
         | I have heard of such things. The signal is not persistent over
         | time, since it's dependent on eg heat and concurrent
         | operations. But it's there, to some degree, and can be
         | correlated over time somewhat.
         | 
         | We've made our world a scary place.
        
       | neuroelectron wrote:
       | 10 years too late.
        
       | doug_durham wrote:
       | I agree with the points in the article. Fingerprinting of any
       | kind is a major risk for personal freedom. At the same time I
       | want to make sure that content creators are compensated for their
       | work. Ad firms that employ fingerprinting stand between me and
       | the content creator. That said, I'm not going to pay $5/month for
       | every blog that I occasionally read. The ad based model provides
       | a more streamlined approach to compensation, but at the
       | unacceptable price of privacy. I'm not quite sure what the answer
       | is.
        
         | airstrike wrote:
         | Pay $5/month to buy credits that let you read content behind
         | that network. Every blog you read gets $0.10. Top up with
         | credits if you run out.
         | 
         | Sending emails costs $0.50.
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | Eh, that's too expensive unless the recipient can authorize
           | refunds for non-spam emails.
           | 
           | But yes, I always thought some form of network syndication
           | would emerge on the Web, where creators could register for
           | their share of aggregated periodic payments made by users.
           | 
           | Still not sure why that's not a thing. I would pay $50/month
           | to a syndicate in return for never having to deal with
           | paywalls on any sites affiliated with them. But only as long
           | as the vast majority of sites participated, and that is
           | probably the showstopper, I guess. We'd end up paying 20
           | different 'syndicates' for absolutely no good reason, just as
           | we now have to deal with 20 different streaming services.
        
           | ako wrote:
           | I read from too many different sources through aggregators
           | like hackernews. With a network you'd probably still have too
           | many subscriptions.
           | 
           | Also wonder if it will really work out, i open too many
           | articles that are pretty bad when you start reading them. So
           | i quit after 1 or 2 paragraphs.
           | 
           | Now if you get the first 2 paragraphs for free, contents
           | writers will start to optimize for good first 2 paragraphs,
           | and afterwards quality will drop. Also, many blog posts or
           | news articles don't have more than 2 paragraphs of good
           | content.
        
         | Xelbair wrote:
         | how about donating to the creator directly? not subscription,
         | just occasional donations whenever people feel like it -
         | content is more widely available, and people who really enjoy
         | it or are well off can actually fund the development
        
           | lobsterthief wrote:
           | Yes, but you need a scalable and low-friction donation
           | solution. Patreon is the closest but it doesn't pay the bills
           | for most creators. Maybe some micro-tipping solution, but
           | nobody has made that work yet.
        
             | voakbasda wrote:
             | No one has made a successful micro-tipping solution,
             | because regulations and entrenched interests (banks,
             | payment processors) have too much control and assess per-
             | transaction fees that dwarf the amounts that such a system
             | would be designed send.
             | 
             | Aggregation of tips and payouts would help, but that
             | requires network effects (achievable only at scale) to be
             | viable. I believe this approach has been tried in recent
             | years, but I am not sure where those efforts went.
        
             | txrx0000 wrote:
             | If someone puts a donate button beside their name or in the
             | corner of their webpage, and that button leads to a payment
             | page, I think that's good enough.
             | 
             | The point of paying creators is so that they can focus on
             | creating content instead of making other things. Giving
             | money to a creator is basically saying "you're so good at
             | what you do, and it has so much cultural/intellectual
             | value, I'd rather have you make content instead of stocking
             | shelves or making food". But this should be reserved for
             | people that publish good content because they can and are
             | passionate about it, not just anyone putting out slop with
             | the instrumental goal of paying their bills. If the
             | friction of clicking a button and filling in payment
             | details is enough to deter people from paying them, then
             | maybe their content isn't worth paying for and they should
             | find some other way to make a living instead.
        
           | temp0826 wrote:
           | I already pay my isp. Maybe they should work something out
           | with them.
        
         | norman784 wrote:
         | Ads are annoying, but they are ok, what is not ok is collecting
         | data and then selling it, so they can profile you without your
         | consent across different platforms.
        
         | prymitive wrote:
         | > I'm not going to pay $5/month for every blog that I
         | occasionally read
         | 
         | Would you pay per view? Most people (me included) would
         | probably hesitate to say yes, because we're used to not paying
         | for that. But what if it meant that ad based model is gone and
         | everything you buy is cheaper because the price does not
         | include the cost of running ads?
        
           | morkalork wrote:
           | Hard to say, there's no shortage of enticing looking medium
           | articles that are superficial and worthless. I would not pay
           | per view that trash even though there are good ones buried in
           | the pile.
        
             | Terretta wrote:
             | "If you thought click-bait was bad before..."
        
           | echelon_musk wrote:
           | How do you track the views?
        
             | imiric wrote:
             | How do you track ad impressions?
        
           | myaccountonhn wrote:
           | I would. Or alternatively I'd also pay for a Spotify style
           | model where my monthly amount get redistributed amongst the
           | articles I read.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | At the risk of pedantry, though it's still germane to this
             | context, that's more the Tidal model than the Spotify
             | model.
             | 
             | Spotify's model is more that your monthly amount gets
             | disproportionately redistributed to the artists that bring
             | more interest and listens to Spotify, regardless of whether
             | you were one of those listeners. Smaller and niche artists
             | suffer under Spotify's model.
        
           | Terretta wrote:
           | > _what if ... everything you buy is cheaper because the
           | price does not include the cost of running ads?_
           | 
           | Except in practice we see the opposite.
           | 
           | There's something interesting going on with companies when
           | they want to get paid directly versus by ads: they demand 3x
           | - 4x or more for subscriptions or pay per view versus what
           | they make from ads.
           | 
           | Easiest place to see this is ad supported non-linear TV in
           | the years you could get without ads, or with ads. You pay
           | significantly more to not see the ads, than they make from
           | the ads.
           | 
           | Perhaps this is justified because ad-free subscriptions
           | reduce the audience size for ad buys, but when you look at
           | the numbers watching with ads versus paying, it wouldn't seem
           | like the "no ads" buyers make a dent in whatever pricing
           | tier.
           | 
           | In the 90s when we were young and naive, we imagined a
           | library card model, with a library fee and then you have
           | fractions of a cent cost to read a post, and using (hand
           | waving) technology to uncouple viewing history from payables
           | to content creators. That, or the British TV license model,
           | an Internet license of some kind.
           | 
           | It's curious to me the ad networks haven't gotten together to
           | preemptively offer this. Arguably Brave tried, but from an
           | adversarial (to the ad companies) stance. It would work
           | better from the inside with a simple regulation: if you serve
           | ads for ad-supported content, you have to participate in the
           | library card system at CPM rates no greater than you receive
           | for ads to skip the ads for card holders.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | This is price discrimination. Everybody would love to
             | charge more money to rich people and less money to poor
             | people, since that increases the total profit.
             | 
             | The only companies that we directly allow to do this are
             | schools, but having a premium version lets you approximate
             | this.
        
               | homebrewer wrote:
               | Steam also does this. Most games are significantly
               | cheaper in low-income countries like mine because
               | otherwise they wouldn't make a dime here.
        
               | mh- wrote:
               | Steam is not the one doing that. Publishers decide
               | regional pricing.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | If Steam only had one input field for the price tag, then
               | the publishers would only decide one price.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | That's because you usually pay via credit card (or some
               | other financial mean) which is cumbersome (and may be
               | illegal) to spoof. But yeah, it can be hard to justify a
               | subscription when it's the price of a full meal.
               | Especially when other essential subscriptions
               | (electricity, water, internet, cell services,...) is
               | straining your monthly budget.
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | The PPV model has been tried a bunch of times, and it always
           | turns out that the rate people are willing to pay per view is
           | not a rate that is high enough to be a viable revenue source
           | for the content owners.
           | 
           | it takes a _lot_ of $0.10-$0.25 views to make up for the loss
           | of a $5 /month recurring revenue stream that might last for
           | years.
        
             | imiric wrote:
             | The fact that advertising is more profitable doesn't mean
             | that the PPV model is not viable. It could certainly be so.
             | Every site could set their own price, or specific tiers,
             | which users can agree to, just like they do with
             | subscription-based content today.
             | 
             | The problem is skewed incentives, of course. Advertising is
             | acceptable to most users and easy to integrate, so why
             | should website authors go out of their way to please a
             | minority of their users who object to it?
        
               | levocardia wrote:
               | Do you think the fact that NO major content websites
               | (NYT, substack, WSJ, ...) have settled on a PPV model is
               | simply because they haven't thought of it? Or is it more
               | likely that the numbers absolutely do not work?
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | That's a false dichotomy.
               | 
               | I can't speak for all web sites, but I reckon a
               | combination of factors could explain why such a solution
               | hasn't been deployed:
               | 
               | 1. Advertising is ubiquitous, easy to integrate, and
               | provides a safe revenue stream.
               | 
               | 2. There is little to no infrastructure for the PPV
               | model. Whoever builds it would need to maintain their own
               | version of it.
               | 
               | 3. People expect the web to be "free". This is even true
               | within technical crowds who understand that it's really
               | not free. And a large part of that group doesn't mind
               | advertising.
               | 
               | So, really, it would require a substantial amount of
               | effort to implement, it would add additional friction to
               | users, and ultimately only a minority would appreciate
               | it.
               | 
               | Had this model been in place from the beginning of the
               | web, things might be different today. Alas, if my grandma
               | had wheels...
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | And people prefer unlimited subscriptions.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | Have any of them actually tried it though? If they have
               | and I missed it, then I apologize, but I can't recall the
               | NYT letting me read an article for $1 with zero friction
               | via Apple or Google Pay or Stripe link or something. It
               | they tried it and the numbers didn't work, that's one
               | thing, but I don't recall that happening.
        
               | Nextgrid wrote:
               | Doing it via conventional card networks won't work, the
               | fees would eat most/all of the payment.
               | 
               | A critical mass of publishers would need to team up and
               | form a cooperative/etc where a user could register once,
               | deposit some money, and then that money would be spent
               | every time they view an article. But that requires
               | cooperation between competitors, which is already hard
               | enough, and the cancer that is the advertising industry
               | wouldn't like this potential existential threat and would
               | be more than happy to pour fuel onto the fire to ensure
               | it never succeeds.
               | 
               | What's surprising is why the card networks themselves
               | don't get in on it. They could do so in a completely
               | backwards-compatible manner, introducing a new card
               | number range that only works with transactions under a
               | certain amount and have different fraud
               | protection/chargeback rules.
        
               | notatoad wrote:
               | WSJ was available on blendle (pay-per-view
               | microtransactions). Washington Post was available on
               | scroll (monthly subscription, divided up amongst the
               | publishers you read each month). neither service still
               | exists.
               | 
               | i don't believe NYT has ever tried a pay-per-view model.
        
               | prymitive wrote:
               | I think it might be because with ad model you can sell
               | profiling data many times over to different parties. You
               | can't do the same with a single charge.
        
               | beeflet wrote:
               | No one uses the PPV model because there isn't sufficient
               | payment infrastructure (402 payment required). The
               | friction for entering your credit card information into a
               | website is ridiculous, you might as well target the high
               | end of the market with a monthly subscription.
               | 
               | The PPV model, like Ads, works well for websites that
               | you're not well associated with. Random blogs and
               | websites that you otherwise wouldn't be willing to share
               | your credit card info with.
        
               | notatoad wrote:
               | >Every site could set their own price, or specific tiers,
               | which users can agree to, just like they do with
               | subscription-based content today.
               | 
               | you're describing the model of a product called blendle,
               | a service which i loved but which totally failed. they
               | failed to attract users, and they failed to attract
               | publishers. this isn't some new idea that nobody had
               | tried. it's been done. and it failed, not just for
               | blendle. people have tried micropayments, they've tried
               | subscriptions, if you can imagine a PPV model, it's
               | probably been tried. readers and publishers both hate it.
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | I wasn't aware of Blendle, but I'm not surprised that it
               | failed.
               | 
               | Advertising is ubiquitous on the web. Integrating it into
               | web sites is simple, it works well for generating revenue
               | at scale, and users have been conditioned from every
               | other media industry to accessing content for "free".
               | There is practically no friction for users, save for the
               | degraded user experience, which most people have learned
               | to live with or ignore.
               | 
               | So right off the bat, anyone trying to deploy alternative
               | business models is going against the current of a
               | trillion-dollar industry, and well established consumer
               | expectations.
               | 
               | > readers and publishers both hate it.
               | 
               | Why do you think that is? Is it because the micropayment
               | model is inherently bad, or because implementing it is
               | difficult for website owners, it is annoying to use for
               | users, and ultimately brings little revenue?
               | 
               | What if implementing it were as easy and convenient as
               | advertising is today? What if users had an easy and
               | convenient way to link their payment method into their
               | browser, and from then on it required no maintenance?
               | What if they understood that the web is not "free", but
               | someone on the other end should be paid for their work if
               | they find it valuable? What if this model actually
               | generated significant revenue for publishers? What if all
               | this was simply the way the web operated from the start?
               | 
               | Clearly this model hinges on a bunch of hypotheticals,
               | but hopefully you get the point. There's nothing
               | fundamentally wrong about users paying for consuming
               | content. This is the way business transactions work in
               | most respectable industries. You want something, you pay
               | for it directly. You don't ask a third party to step in
               | between you and the seller, to show you manipulative
               | content that directly benefits them and their associates,
               | while indirectly paying for the thing you actually want
               | to buy. The fact we've accepted this corrupt business
               | model as normal in many facets of life is absolutely
               | insane. Never mind the fact that it's being used to
               | manipulate us into thinking and acting in ways which
               | corrupt democratic processes and cause sociopolitical
               | instability, or that it's abusing our right to privacy
               | and exploiting our data. To hell with all of that.
        
             | AndrewStephens wrote:
             | I wrote about this exact problem last year. To anyone who
             | disagrees, would you pay me 5 cents to click on the
             | following link?
             | 
             | https://sheep.horse/2024/11/on_micropayments.html
        
           | lanfeust6 wrote:
           | This is exactly what I want. I don't really care to subscribe
           | to most written media (I do in some cases) but once in awhile
           | an article grabs my attention and I would shell out to read
           | it.
        
           | imiric wrote:
           | Brave Inc. gets a lot of flack, some warranted, but their
           | Basic Attention Token allows for exactly this. Users can add
           | credit to their wallet by either consuming privacy-friendly
           | ads _or_ topping it up manually, which then gets distributed
           | to the sites they visit in the proportion they choose,
           | transparently in the background while they browse.
           | 
           | It is a shame that this feature gets lumped together with
           | claims of crypto scams, and similar nonsense. Yet this is
           | precisely the right model that could work at scale to
           | eliminate the advertising middleman, and make the web a safer
           | and more enjoyable experience for everyone.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | It's frustrating that humans are stoichastic parrots and
             | the minute you mention crypto they go into conniptions
             | because the rails are basically there. It's not user
             | friendly, but it's possible to build a system where you
             | transfer $0.05 cents of crypto to someone as you scroll
             | down a web page using a special browser.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | Brave strips out the ads that the creators put on their
             | site, puts their own ads there, then gives the creators
             | _some_ of that money if and only if the creator realizes
             | they have to sign up for Brave 's cryptoshit. It's
             | straightforwardly the kind of racket that would get your
             | knees broken if you tried to do it to somebody in real
             | life, but "it's ok because it's on computers". All the flak
             | is deserved.
        
               | Nextgrid wrote:
               | But then again, online ads are the physical equivalent of
               | a crowd of paparazzi following you 24/7 including inside
               | your home, which would also prompt physical violence in
               | the real world.
               | 
               | From my perspective I couldn't care less if one bad guy
               | is stealing from another bad guy.
        
               | EbNar wrote:
               | Nope, they don't "put ads on the site". That's not how it
               | works.
        
           | jcynix wrote:
           | > Would you pay per view?
           | 
           | Yes, but only after viewing, of else I'd pay for "editorial"
           | or AI generated slop which would be generated like link farms
           | pointing to Amazon etc.
           | 
           | And that's the chicken-and-egg problem ...
           | 
           | In theory that could be resolved by registering for free at
           | reputable sites and then paying per view with micropayments.
           | Or by a scheme where one would register and only pay when I
           | actually did read stuff, not with the currently en-vogue
           | monthly fee for each and every site.
        
           | stackghost wrote:
           | You're presupposing that these blogs are producing content
           | worth paying for. The unfortunate truth is that the
           | overwhelming majority of blogs (99.9%+) are not.
        
             | beeflet wrote:
             | The PPV model can at least cover the cost of bandwidth. If
             | you are loading the page, it must be at least some value to
             | the user, say 1/10th of a cent.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | Then why is everyone so nostalgic for the old days of the
             | blogosphere to return? If blogs are all worthless, then we
             | shouldn't care that they're disappearing and/or being put
             | behind paywalls; we haven't lost anything.
        
               | stackghost wrote:
               | I blog for my own satisfaction, and my blog has no ads on
               | it, and I don't charge visitors. I'm happy to have a few
               | dozen readers.
               | 
               | That's what people are bemoaning the loss of: the before
               | times, when people did interesting stuff without regard
               | for whether it could be monetized or not.
        
           | pr3dr49 wrote:
           | Charge the provider per view. Charge the sender of that spam
           | email per message delivered. The new internet. Would this
           | work?
        
         | tgv wrote:
         | They don't get $5 per month from ads. So the true subscription
         | price must be a lot lower.
         | 
         | One option: a fund where you buy tokens, that you can spend
         | reading an article. That will, however, lead to more clickbait
         | and AI slop and snowing under serious blogs with low volume.
        
           | Bjartr wrote:
           | This micro payments for content idea has been tried a few
           | times, with slight variations. No-one has cracked the problem
           | yet. But maybe one day
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | I know HN doesn't love crypto, but this kind of thing seems
             | promising for finally cracking micropayments:
             | https://www.x402.org/
        
         | kasabali wrote:
         | > I'm not quite sure what the answer is.
         | 
         | It's very simple, it's what they've been doing in print media
         | for centuries: contextual advertising.
        
           | gedy wrote:
           | Yes seriously - I'm old enough to have enjoy reading
           | magazines that had ads throughout them. They were fine.
           | 
           | I'd venture to say contextual advertising would be more
           | effective than whatever we've been trying to squeeze out of
           | fingerprinting etc. All this supposed "data" they are
           | gathering feels like a scam perpetuated by ad companies about
           | how important it is to the people who buy ads. It's not.
           | 
           | Even Facebook and Instagram, which pretty much should know
           | you to a tee is completely ineffectual at advertising to me -
           | like at all.
        
             | 8bitsrule wrote:
             | Same here. By the time I was old enough to have an income,
             | reading comics had already made it possible for me to -not
             | even see _any_ - advertising. That carried over to
             | newspapers, magazines... all those advertisers were wasting
             | their money.
             | 
             | Later on in life I got pissed at cable-TV advertisers
             | shoved into my favorite movies every 5-10 minutes ...
             | ruining any ambience or artistic merit in them ... so I got
             | rid of cable TV. By the time analog TV went away, I'd got
             | rid of my television set. No return address on an envelope?
             | junk mail, into the garbage unopened.
             | 
             | Now the pollution's ruined the 'net ... it's YouTube (re-
             | routed) and some websites (blocked). So long, boing-boing
             | and wired and your 'native ads'. Sites demand subscription?
             | blocked. How much longer before advertisers realize how
             | much they're getting ripped off?
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | > Sites demand subscription? blocked.
               | 
               | Odd. In the midst of a (well-deserved) anti-ad rant, you
               | throw in the primary non-ad alternative and discard it.
               | 
               | > How much longer before advertisers realize how much
               | they're getting ripped off?
               | 
               | A while longer, if the same people who reject ads are
               | also the people who reject alternatives to ads. The
               | advertisers can safely ignore those people's opinions.
               | 
               | (I'm not saying subscriptions are the answer. I don't
               | have an answer. I'm just saying that companies wanting
               | subscription money is not part of the problem where
               | companies want to shove ads in our faces 24/7.)
        
           | Vinnl wrote:
           | Print media did also include e.g. coupons with discount codes
           | with which advertisers could learn which lead led through a
           | sale.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Without any transactions or user tracking it's difficult to
             | separate 'legitimate' content farms from those using bot
             | farms to boost their page views.
             | 
             | Print media was also trying to guarantee their audience was
             | an actual person by charging nominal fees, the difference
             | was how much info required to do so.
        
               | Vinnl wrote:
               | Yep, exactly. So ideally, we'd have some technology that
               | would be able to achieve those goals without needing all
               | the info that is gathered nowadays. Though that is pretty
               | unpopular here too.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | The main "problem" with contextualized advertising is that
           | the people producing the content get a larger share of the ad
           | spend.
           | 
           | Targeted ads concentrate control over the market into a few
           | players, which can do things like acquire competitors or run
           | them out of business with loss leaders.
           | 
           | With AI, the supply of ad real estate will go to infinity, so
           | the only thing that will matter is the quality of the places
           | the ads run.
           | 
           | This would be a good time to ban targeted advertising, or for
           | the content producers to form a cartel that only purchases
           | contextual ads.
           | 
           | That cartel will probably be even worse than what we have
           | now, since it's going to be 2-3 mega conglomerates like
           | Disney, and they already have handed editorial control over
           | to the White House.
           | 
           | Hopefully the invisible hand of capitalism will somehow fix
           | this.
        
         | yegle wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Contributor was the ideal
         | solution IMHO.
        
           | usr1106 wrote:
           | Ideal for what problem? Certainly not for reducing Google's
           | data collection and improving privacy. It would only work
           | with tons of small payment providers, but then you are back
           | at square 1 that users need to subscribe with tons of
           | services for just pennies.
        
         | txrx0000 wrote:
         | We could normalize paying content creators directly. So instead
         | of paywalls or ads, we get "donate" buttons.
        
         | jwr wrote:
         | > content creators are compensated for their work
         | 
         | I have a gut feeling that we've been tricked (by ad companies)
         | into thinking that this is somehow realistic and that casual
         | "content creators" can get meaningful money from us reading
         | their articles.
         | 
         | Realistically, while professional content creators can make a
         | living, writing a blog post every once in a while will not
         | provide meaningful income. Instead of trying to "monetize"
         | everything, we would be better off with free content like on
         | the internet of old. There are other means of making money.
         | 
         | It seems that the current situation means that the "content
         | creators" earn insignificant money, while ad companies earn
         | huge money because of scale, and we all somehow keep believing
         | that this is necessary for content to appear.
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | You mean I shouldn't make a comfortable living off my
           | valuable HN comments? I was about to consider this comment a
           | good days work. Maybe if I put this comment on my own webpage
           | it would be more valuable?
        
             | ykonstant wrote:
             | Best I can do is tree fiddy. Perhaps a little ragebait
             | could give it that extra oomph it needs.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | You mean tree fiddy _per month_ , right?
        
             | zelphirkalt wrote:
             | About as valuable, as many content creators' work. But it
             | all hinges on engagement, so consider this my part in
             | helping you to the next million.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | > writing a blog post every once in a while will not provide
           | meaningful income
           | 
           | Nor, generally, should it. Sitting down one or two Saturday
           | afternoons a month to write a blog post shouldn't be
           | generating the income of a FTE.
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | Allow me a second to play Devil's Advocate.
             | 
             | What if it could? Or should (be able to produce FTE or
             | close income)?
             | 
             | In that world, the amount of pointless shite - questing to
             | "go viral" - would be reduced to near zero. That is, if the
             | incentive were more quality, and less quantity, we'd be
             | better off, yes?
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | So there's an element of truth to that. And there are
               | those who can contribute enough value, have enough
               | audience, etc., that they can "coast" on those 2 blog
               | posts a month and make significant income...
               | 
               | ... but that's also not, nor should it be the median. I'm
               | not sure how the economy functions if, say 8h/mo effort
               | generates a median living wage.
        
               | o11c wrote:
               | Tbf in a post-scarcity society, that _should_ be
               | expected, if historical inertia doesn 't prevent it.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | In that world, a _Culture_ -esque thing, then absolutely
               | so.
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | That's tempting, but I still don't think it should. There
               | would still be the quest to go viral. "Quality" would
               | still be determined in the aggregate, which means that
               | your income depends on appealing to the widest audience
               | possible, which means high quality niche bloggers still
               | don't get paid much.
               | 
               | Metrics are hard. Just making sure they reward one
               | particular desired outcome doesn't mean you'll escape the
               | unintended consequences.
               | 
               | Also, note that we are past the point of being able to
               | reasonably able to manage any of this. Today, you'd need
               | to come up with a reward function that cannot be
               | maximized by AI. (And lest you think you can fix that by
               | using site visitors to evaluate, most of them will be
               | bots too.)
        
               | jwr wrote:
               | Anything that can provide income inevitably leads to a
               | flood of garbage from people trying to game the system.
               | The current ad-driven web resulted in SEO garbage and
               | near-uselessness of search engines.
        
           | geocar wrote:
           | > writing a blog post every once in a while will not provide
           | meaningful income
           | 
           |  _Should_ people receive meaningful income for writing a blog
           | post every once in a while?
           | 
           | I feel like that's the real question and not everyone agrees
           | on the answer
           | 
           | > we would be better off with free content like on the
           | internet of old
           | 
           | Well as someone who was there you used to need meaningful
           | income to use the Internet of old. Nowadays everyone needs
           | the Internet and it's a pretty big expense in most peoples'
           | budget, and I think that's why so many people are willing to
           | try _something_ at it,
           | 
           | I figure if you just gave everyone meaningful income we could
           | have that again
        
         | beeflet wrote:
         | The Ad model is exactly the problem. If you had anonymous,
         | cheap micropayments where you pay 1 cent per pageview it would
         | not just solve the surveillance problem but it would solve the
         | DDoS problem too (you set up a web server where the price
         | increases with load and clients bid for bandwidth).
        
           | AndrewStephens wrote:
           | Sadly, I think you are wrong. Micropayments seem attractive
           | but the idea falls apart quickly - there are just too many
           | intractable non-technical problems. It has been tried more
           | than once and each effort has failed.
           | 
           | I wrote a longer post on this[0] but to save you the click I
           | will state the biggest problem from a privacy point of view -
           | if you think privacy is bad now with ads imagine how much
           | worse it would be with a payment processor knowing your every
           | click.
           | 
           | Yes, I know about certain cryptocurrencies that maintain
           | privacy, they are a non-starter for micropayments for
           | different reasons.
           | 
           | Even if a magically technical solution to privacy were to
           | emerge there is nothing more valuable than information about
           | paying customers and sites would use browser fingerprinting
           | anyway.
           | 
           | [0] https://sheep.horse/2024/11/on_micropayments.html
        
             | beeflet wrote:
             | I think it is a technical problem. If you could integrate
             | payment channels on top of private cryptocurrencies that
             | would be enough. Even without the lightning network and
             | just direct 1-to-1 payment channels, it would work.
             | 
             | The article you lists assumes a "conventional" credit card
             | system with chargebacks, massive fees, etc. which makes
             | micropayments ecosystem impractical in the first place.
             | Proposals for micro-payment systems usually describe a way
             | top enable low-fee payments.
             | 
             | The author doesn't take into account modern cryptocurrency
             | tech like payment channels. I really doubt that payments
             | have a natural fixed floor of 10s of cents - Payment
             | providers charge these fees simply because they are in a
             | natural monopoly position, thanks to lock-in and
             | regulation. The need to control fraud is caused by
             | regulatory requirements, which are in turn caused by
             | monopolization.
             | 
             | Despite being technologically less efficient, even
             | traditional cryptocurrency payments are cheaper than bank
             | transfer fees due to competition and low regulation.
             | 
             | Secondly, you assume that no one wants to do micropayments.
             | The infrastructure doesn't exist for it yet. If you don't
             | build it, they will not come.
             | 
             | As for browser fingerprinting, it can be solved on the
             | client side with enough effort. Look at tor browser. Just
             | have a system where cookies, WebGL, etc. are opt in on a
             | browser level in the same way that WebUSB is. Artificially
             | limit the performance of javascript to prevent bench-
             | marking. I think it is possible to solve this
             | architecturally.
             | 
             | Check it out!
             | 
             | https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Payment_channels
             | 
             | https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf
             | 
             | Also, there are GNU Taler/Chaumian cash type systems that
             | inherit the efficiency of centralized systems with an added
             | privacy benefit.
        
               | AndrewStephens wrote:
               | > If you could integrate payment channels on top of
               | private cryptocurrencies that would be enough.
               | 
               | That "if" is doing a lot of heavy lifting there.
               | 
               | But my point is that even if a magical technical solution
               | existed tomorrow then the same sites that collect data
               | for ads would continue to do so for the much more
               | valuable data on paying users.
        
               | beeflet wrote:
               | People have been hacking on this "if" for a while, and I
               | suspect we will break through to the other side
               | eventually, probably by the end of the decade. The
               | problem is really just that cryptocurrencies like monero
               | want to minimize their use of scripting, because
               | transactions with scripts are a heuristic that can be
               | used to de-anonymize you. But payment channels require
               | some sort of timelock, in bitcoin this is done with HTLC
               | script.
               | 
               | There have been a number of proposals, I think the oldest
               | is DLSAG: https://eprint.iacr.org/2019/595.pdf There are
               | other ones based on time-lock puzzles, but those have
               | always been kinda crappy.
               | 
               | It may be possible with some ZK magic I'm unfamiliar
               | with. But the core of the problem is that we need to find
               | a way to make a transaction valid but only after a
               | certain block height, and make it so that validators
               | can't learn any specific heuristics about the transaction
               | (like what the block height is exactly).
               | 
               | >But my point is that even if a magical technical
               | solution existed tomorrow then the same sites that
               | collect data for ads would continue to do so for the much
               | more valuable data on paying users.
               | 
               | Sure, but after the micropayments revolution there will
               | also be a change in the types of sites people use,
               | enabled by the new form of monetization. You could rely
               | more on people posting things like videos to their
               | personal blogs and interlinking them instead of having to
               | shack up with one of the few sites large enough to
               | support ad-funded monetization. The internet would have a
               | basic spam-resistance function, so it would be less
               | reliant on the existing players to gatekeep (for example,
               | email, forum moderators, etc).
               | 
               | I think it would be more competitive. Let's say you have
               | a site like twitter that says "now that there are
               | micropayments, we will charge you 1 cent per pageview AND
               | force you to login and collect your data", well then you
               | will have a competitor like xcancel.com which can charge
               | 2 cents per pageview and not require login. The market
               | would decide what the best model is. Right now proxy
               | sites like xcancel have to do it for free. Even if they
               | wanted to run ads, the ad market isn't competitive in the
               | same sense because it is more profitable for larger
               | players.
               | 
               | I think you mention in your blogpost that no one would
               | want to support micropayments because of piracy. I
               | consider this a massive advantage of the micropayment
               | system. It's pro-piracy by default. If you look at the
               | origins of ad-funded sites like youtube, they started out
               | as hubs of (light) piracy. The content of social media
               | sites should be pirated and mirrored: they are just
               | getting rich off of network effects in the first place.
               | If you combine micropayments with some sort of
               | bittorrent-like system, this could be very powerful.
               | Imagine a decentralized archive site, where you take
               | advantage of TLS to archive a verifiably timestamped
               | version of a page, and anyone else can send you money
               | that is conditional on you providing them a copy of that
               | archive in return.
               | 
               | Micropayments don't fund the development of new
               | intellectual work, but they let you recoup the cost of
               | bandwidth. He who does not host, also does not earn. If
               | you want to fund the development of new work, I think you
               | need patronage. We are already seeing this with a lot of
               | videographers from youtube depending mostly on sites like
               | patreon and donations from dedicated fans. In a
               | micropayments world, you wouldn't have sites like patreon
               | taking a cut. Aside from just having ~0.1c micropayments-
               | per-pageview, you could have very easy p2p "mini-
               | payments" on the order of ~$1 in exchange for donation
               | rewards.
               | 
               | With less money in the annoying ads economy, google and
               | others would have less power to alter the web standards
               | to their whim, and we could claw back features that
               | enable fingerprinting. I don't know, that is just my
               | dream.
        
         | Neikius wrote:
         | Do you see how the discourse has been shifted here? Some of us
         | have nothing against ads per-se. We care about tracking.
         | 
         | How does tracking me and invading my privacy make ads perform
         | better? In my case it does not. As the tracked ads are usually
         | worse as they will keep advertising me things I don't need
         | anymore. Context based ads worked fine in the past and I don't
         | really see why they cannot.
         | 
         | Also why does every web store need to show me ads? Don't they
         | make money out of selling things? If they really have to, do
         | they have to invade privacy? This is like walking into a
         | physical store and them doing facial recognition, then showing
         | you tailored ads/inventory. That feels creepy to me.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | > How does tracking me and invading my privacy make ads
           | perform better?
           | 
           | If you don't want to be tracked, you shouldn't be, but how
           | could it not? At a very simple level, an ad targeted towards
           | a 50 year old woman isn't going to be the same ad to show a
           | 14 year old boy. Different people like different things and
           | ads targeting you as an advertising profile are going to be
           | better than ones that aren't. You may not like the targeting
           | and think it's invasive, because it is, but let's not pretend
           | the tracking doesn't do something.
        
             | troupo wrote:
             | A 14-year-old is unlikely to read/look at the same content
             | as a 50-year old woman. That's how contextual advertisement
             | works.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | contextual advertising isn't targeted advertising, yes.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | Indeed. So no idea what your argument is about.
               | 
               | BTW, targeted ads need to be 100% to 700% more efficient
               | than regular ads to be as profitable: https://www.science
               | direct.com/science/article/pii/S016781162...
        
         | troupo wrote:
         | Showing ads doesn't require invasive and pervasive 24/7
         | surveilance.
        
         | nativeit wrote:
         | Give each of them $0.25/mo, and you'll probably 10x-100x what
         | they're currently getting from you watching ads.
        
         | geocar wrote:
         | > I want to make sure that content creators are compensated for
         | their work. Ad firms that employ fingerprinting stand between
         | me and the content creator.
         | 
         | This is false: _We 're_ the ones who pay the creator, because:
         | 
         | > I'm not going to pay $5/month for every blog that I
         | occasionally read
         | 
         | If that upsets you, please understand it upsets me to, because
         | 
         | > but at the unacceptable price of privacy
         | 
         | I want you to consider a different toothbrush brand, or maybe a
         | hot location for a holiday, and the idea that I am "invading"
         | your privacy in trying to do this is disconcerting.
         | 
         | I understand there _are_ actors who want to use your private
         | personalising data to harm you. I think that is bad, but I am
         | telling you friend, that isn 't me.
         | 
         | > I'm not quite sure what the answer is.
         | 
         | Listen, as an insider _I_ am not quite sure what the answer is
         | either, but I 'm telling you that content creators need to eat
         | because you have threatened them with capitalism which murders
         | you if you don't participate, and I am the one feeding them and
         | not you.
         | 
         | I think though, it probably takes the form of better laws that
         | prevent people from using personalised data to harm you without
         | public (judicial) review, and I think that is going to require
         | people like you thinking of the _outcome_ that you want,
         | instead of foolishly trying the impossible to conserve your
         | _personal privacy_.
        
       | balamatom wrote:
       | >And even though my personal safety and liberty probably aren't
       | at stake, I don't want to give any support to the global
       | advertising behemoth, by allowing advertisers access to better
       | information about me.
       | 
       | Giving the surveillance economy access to your habits means
       | making them slightly better informed about _everyone_. That won
       | 't directly endanger you; the SE will just become slightly better
       | informed about how people like you function.
       | 
       | This will enable it to increase the amount of risk faced by some
       | other person that you will never hear of (and vice versa) if any
       | of you is even suspected of endangering the SE, in proportion to
       | the risk to the SE which people like you may hypothetically pose,
       | as quantified by the methods of nepotism-powered pseudoscience.
        
       | abigail95 wrote:
       | To extend the closing remarks from a SIGINT perspective, sure
       | some fingerprints are non unique and short lived, have little
       | data. But hang onto it long enough and sure enough some slower
       | data from another band might eventually correlate it with
       | something else.
       | 
       | The last time I looked at this seriously I was trying to find out
       | how much fidelity (if it was possible at all) was necessary to
       | identify someone by their mouse and keyboard input.
       | 
       | It's not just what you do but how you do it.
        
       | prng2021 wrote:
       | How exactly do advertisers take fingerprints and translate that
       | to targeted ads for each user?
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | The browser history is collected across multiple sites to form
         | a profile. If the user ever enters their email address or logs
         | in, their entire history is deanonymized.
        
         | prasadjoglekar wrote:
         | A combo of your IP, browser fingerprint plus the fact that you
         | logged in somewhere and that links to your actual name etc.
         | Identify you in isolation is not very useful. It's connecting
         | that identity to another place that's valuable.
        
       | lilsoso wrote:
       | Thanks for the browser recommendations.
       | 
       | I switched to the Mullvad browser. The other recommendation,
       | LibreWolf, provides the following warning on install which scared
       | me away: "Warning: librewolf has been deprecated because it does
       | not pass the macOS Gatekeeper check! It will be disabled on
       | 2026-09-01."
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | Sounds like you need to switch OS
        
         | mike_d wrote:
         | The article rants about how turning off JavaScript is actually
         | harmful because it makes you more fingerprintable, then in the
         | same breath recommend switching to an obscure browser nobody
         | else uses?
         | 
         | If you want to avoid being uniquely identifiable stick to
         | Chrome, signed into a Google account, running on a PC from Best
         | Buy.
        
         | undeveloper wrote:
         | tldr -- it's fine. MacOS Gatekeeper will create warnings about
         | products that are not signed via the apple developer program,
         | which is $99/year librewolf is an open source product, that is
         | very strictly a "community" libre / FOSS project. naturally,
         | having an individual take up notarization assumedly, you are
         | using brew -- brew recently decided to stop supporting /
         | deprecate all casks that does not pass gatekeeper checks, for
         | some reason I cannot fully determine.
        
           | cruffle_duffle wrote:
           | Why would I trust any software that doesn't pass the
           | gatekeeper test? Even if it claims to be "open source" with
           | links to some code repo there is no guarantee the binary blob
           | you are running was built using only that code and nothing
           | else.
           | 
           | Sure even with the gatekeeper test you can't be sure it's
           | built against only the claimed code but it does guarantee _:
           | 
           | 1) the binary hasn't been modified since it was signed 2) the
           | binary was signed by somebody in possession of the private
           | key 3) there is some measure of identification via Apple on
           | who or what signed the binary 4) somebody was willing to fork
           | over $99 to sign the binary
           | 
           | It's not perfect security by any means but it is something.
           | Otherwise the binary you are running might as well have come
           | from some sketchy email attachment. And fuck that. Why would
           | I want that on my machine?
           | 
           | I get that the $99 might be a hurdle for "non-organized open
           | source" (ie most open source... doesn't have a non-profit
           | entity to take up the expense and credential management,
           | etc...)... and there are probably ways apple could make it
           | easier for such "collectives"... but ultimately I'd argue
           | that signed binaries are good for everybody. While imperfect,
           | they provide some form of traceability and accountability.
           | 
           | _ obviously it's not a 100% guarantee of being fuckery-free.
           | The private key might have been compromised, the appleid
           | might have been hijacked and the developer program might have
           | been enrolled with stolen credit cards... but it's still a
           | hurdle to filter out a large swath of low effort nonsense.
        
             | charlie-83 wrote:
             | You could always just build it yourself from source if you
             | are concerned.
        
               | cruffle_duffle wrote:
               | Sure but most people aren't going to do that. It
               | automatically limits the audience willing to use the
               | software.
               | 
               | This isn't an easy problem! I'd argue signed binaries are
               | good for everybody... They are good for the end user
               | because it provides some assurance the thing hasn't been
               | tampered with and provides at least some form of audit
               | history. It's good for the developers too! It ensures
               | that users are running the binaries the dev intended them
               | to run! It's good for the platform maker as it reduces
               | the attack surface...
               | 
               | The problem is... getting the keys to sign binaries
               | requires getting a private key! And not just any key but
               | one that been blessed somehow by something that all
               | parties can trust. And trust isn't a technical problem
               | but a meatspace human some. Apple solves it by requiring
               | the dev to cough up 100USD and probably some other
               | personal information. I have no idea how Ubuntu does it
               | or Microsoft.... But something, somewhere has to bless
               | that signing key.
        
               | charlie-83 wrote:
               | So for Linux, generally you are installing packages from
               | your distro's repo so they are signed by the repo itself.
               | I would have assumed that it would be the same on Mac
               | with brew/macports/etc signing the code, but from what
               | you are saying I guess not, I don't see why.
               | 
               | Edit: Apparently Brew doesn't sign stuff because they
               | don't trust the code they are being asked to sign.
               | Apparently you can just get brew to build the package
               | locally with `brew install --build-from-source librewolf`
               | though which is useful.
               | 
               | On windows you just need a certificate from a known
               | authority. This will still probably cost you money but
               | you have a lot more options at different price levels.
               | Also that certificate is a widely useful thing rather
               | than an apple dev account which is only useful in the
               | apple walled garden.
        
         | armadyl wrote:
         | FYI I wouldn't say that the Mullvad browser is any better at
         | anti-fingerprinting than Librewolf. I always point people to
         | http://fingerprint.com/ so they can see how difficult it is to
         | beat even JS based tracking and this doesn't even get into the
         | server-side methods (i.e. just fetching a stylesheet) of
         | tracking users.
         | 
         | That's not to say you shouldn't use a browser that blocks ads
         | etc but I don't think people should immediately think that
         | they're not fingerprintable because they're running these.
         | There definitely needs to be more discussion on the reality of
         | how much these browsers can "protect" you.
        
       | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
       | I mean... I don't give a fuck about fonts, I don't give a fuck
       | about drawing shit to some canvas. Can I not just opt out?
       | 
       | Yes, I know that's ski-mask bla bla bla, but I still don't want
       | my browser to be doing this nonsense.
        
         | myaccountonhn wrote:
         | There's the gemini protocol and gopher.
         | 
         | When I think of all the tracking that goes on, these are
         | becoming more lucrative.
        
           | zzo38computer wrote:
           | Gemini and Gopher are better than the existing WWW, (although
           | there are others as well, such as Spartan (uses the same file
           | format as Gemini, but it is a different protocol without
           | TLS), Scorpion (my own format, intended to be between Gemini
           | and "WWW as it should be if it was designed better"), and
           | others).
           | 
           | However, you might also want to access HTTP and HTML, and to
           | do so without needing to load fonts, pictures, etc; you might
           | use a web browser that omits many of these features. However,
           | it also can result in some problems; there are a few ways to
           | work around some of these, such as adding your own scripts to
           | handle some services, adding proxy services for handling some
           | services (although some of these can use other protocols such
           | as Gemini), and/or using the HTML/CSS commands in other ways
           | (e.g. using ARIA to decide the formatting rather than using
           | CSS). However, there are other issues, e.g. if the web page
           | you download includes more junk than the actual main text.
        
       | rcpt wrote:
       | All this and I still need to click on the cookie pop ups like
       | they'll bring the cargo planes to the island.
        
       | bparsons wrote:
       | Browser fingerprinting has been a thing since at least 2008.
       | Kissmetrics was the first company I heard of that was doing this.
        
       | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
       | The core of the problem is that we've made this behavior of "run
       | javascript that pulls more javascript and then run that too" the
       | default. Stallman was right, as always.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Does he have a strong stance of JS in the browser? In any case,
         | I don't think many people would agree that the dubious extra
         | privacy you gain from blocking that is really worth breaking
         | half the web. Fingerprinting is not too hard even without JS.
        
           | delusional wrote:
           | His stance is pretty simple. The JS on most pages is
           | proprietary, and he doesn't like proprietary software.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | Blocking most JavaScript is fine, it mostly just breaks the
           | silly pointless over-designed sites anyway. Just like
           | everything else, most of the internet is garbage; blocking
           | over-designed JavaScript sites isn't a perfect filter but it
           | is an ok first heuristic.
        
           | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
           | > Does he have a strong stance of JS in the browser?
           | 
           | Lets see what he says on the subject.
           | 
           | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/javascript-trap.html
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Ok so his issue is even more obtuse - he doesn't care about
             | fingerprinting; he cares that not all JS code is GPL.
        
               | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
               | Did you actually read the article? It doesn't mention GPL
               | even once.
               | 
               | And neither does the page on LibreJS, which is the tool
               | he created to attempt to address the problem[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.gnu.org/software/librejs/
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | Did you? The whole thing is about how JavaScript allows
               | running nonfree (that means not GPL to him) software on
               | your computer without realising it.
        
               | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
               | > https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=IshKebab
               | 
               | > Did you? The whole thing is about how JavaScript allows
               | running nonfree (that means not GPL to him) software on
               | your computer without realising it.
               | 
               | No, Free is not the same as GPL you ignoramus.
        
           | StillBored wrote:
           | I would re-frame "is it really worth breaking half the web"
           | as those sites are not compliant to begin with. Nothing in
           | the web standards stack mandates javascript, its an optional
           | feature! Web developers of yore understood that a fundamental
           | property of a properly written web site was to degrade
           | gracefully if javascript wasn't available, but the groupthink
           | of the past decade has chosen weaponized incompetence over
           | doing their jobs and in the process has not only thrown a
           | load of noncompliant insecure garbage out there, but broken a
           | load of accessibility standards, and other things in the
           | process.
        
         | binaryturtle wrote:
         | A browser basically is like a really dumb trojan, pulling a
         | whole herd of wooden horses into the city.
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | The problem is not JS, the problem is useless techonolgies like
         | WebRTC or WebGL that can run without permission and that, I
         | think, are used in 99% cases for figerprinting. And people who
         | designed them and did nothing to prevent fingerprinting.
        
           | binoct wrote:
           | Neither WebRTC or WebGL are remotely 'useless'. Very fair
           | though to say that you would prefer to have them disabled
           | and/or whitelisted for certain sites.
        
           | beeflet wrote:
           | WebGL and WebRTC are hardly useless, but they allow you to
           | collect way too much fingerprinting data based on the way
           | they've been designed.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >The core of the problem is that we've made this behavior of
         | "run javascript that pulls more javascript and then run that
         | too" the default. Stallman was right, as always.
         | 
         | It really isn't, because there's plenty of fingerprinting
         | scripts that run on the same domain, especially fingerprinters
         | from security providers like cloudflare or akamai.
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | The older I get the more I see that RMS was right about so many
         | things.
         | 
         | When I was young I used to think of him as that eccentric
         | pedantic mit guy but now I see him as a true warrior for
         | freedom.
        
           | ekjhgkejhgk wrote:
           | Oh yeah. He's been telling us for decades how technology will
           | be used to oppress people. I guess he had the experience of
           | how things turned out with UNIX, and knew first hand how hard
           | he had to work to even have a chance at undermining them.
           | What he did at a time was build something from scratch which
           | was compatible with the UNIX interface. These days I would
           | call that a lost battle.
           | 
           | Imagine if you said: I'm going to undermine facebook by
           | building another social network which will be Free software,
           | and will be compatible with facebook. I'll federate facebook
           | whether they like it or not, and I'll do that by reverse
           | engineering how facebook servers talk to each other. That
           | wouldn't work because it takes you huge effort to pull off,
           | and it takes facebook zero effort to change the interface in
           | a tiny way that breaks everythign for you. (Ok the analogy
           | isn't perfect, but hopefully you get the idea of diminishing
           | something's value by forcefully opening it up)
           | 
           | But he hugely contributed to win a battle like this in the
           | late 80s, then Linus Torvalds came in and finished the job in
           | 1991 or so. RMS doesn't get the credit or even appreciation
           | he deserves. I think he's one of the most tragic figures in
           | the history of computers.
        
       | daft_pink wrote:
       | I'm curious if there is a product like cloudflare's remote
       | browser isolation that obfuscates it in that way.
        
       | tetha wrote:
       | It reminds me of a game we played with students of data
       | classification algorithms like ID3: How many yes/no questions do
       | we need to uniquely identify everyone in this room?
       | 
       | With like 12 students, that's 4 bits, and it often ends up with
       | 2-3 questions. It starts off with the obvious ones -
       | man/woman/diverse, but then a realization comes in: An answer
       | usually contains more information than just that one bit. If you
       | have long hair, you're most likely a woman and/or a metalhead for
       | example. That part will get shaken out later on.
       | 
       | And those thoughts make these browser fingerprinting techniques
       | all the more scary: They contain a lot of information and that
       | quickly cuts the possible amount of people down. Like, I'm a
       | Linux Firefox user with a screen on the left. I wouldn't be
       | suprised if that put me in a 5-6 digit bucket of people already.
        
         | mathgradthrow wrote:
         | >An answer usually contains more information than just that one
         | bit.
         | 
         | Isn't the point to ask yes or no questions?
        
           | tetha wrote:
           | Yes, but multiple yes or no questions in combination can
           | easily yield more information than they should in a real
           | dataset. That's the real educational point.
        
             | gweinberg wrote:
             | You seem to be confused about the difference between "less"
             | and "more". In general a yes-no question gives less than 1
             | bit of information if yes and no are not equally likely.
             | There is no way it can be expected to give more.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | > There is no way it can be expected to give more.
               | 
               | It is indeed not possible for it to give more, because it
               | only has a single bit answer, which by the pigeonhole
               | principle can't give you more than one bit.
               | 
               | The best yes/no questions are the ones which are
               | independent of each other and bisect the group evenly.
               | "Are you female" is typically good because it will be
               | approximately half the population. Then you want
               | independent questions that bisect the population again,
               | like "does your first name have more than the median
               | number of letters" which should be mostly independent of
               | the first question. Another good one is conditional
               | questions like "are you taller than the median for your
               | sex" since a pure height question wouldn't be independent
               | of sex but that one is.
               | 
               | Whereas bad questions would be ones with highly
               | disproportionate responses, like "do you have pink hair
               | with black and green highlights" which might be true for
               | someone somewhere but is going to have >99% of people
               | answering no, or "were you born on the planet Mercury"
               | which will be 100% no and provide zero bits of
               | information.
        
           | emil-lp wrote:
           | It's still a yes/no question, it's just that the question is
           | "do you have long hair".
           | 
           | The goal of these decision trees is to have as few questions
           | that divide the group in two balanced halves (and also
           | recursively).
           | 
           | If you imagine a binary tree with questions in each internal
           | node, and in each leaf there is a person. You want the height
           | of the tree to be minimized.
        
           | zie wrote:
           | Yes, but you can make assumptions based on what you know
           | about humans generally. Like their example that if you ask if
           | you have long hair. If you answer yes the likelihood is you
           | are probably female.
           | 
           | You can think of all sorts of questions and answers like
           | this, and when you combine with the assumptions and answers
           | from previous answers you can make even more assumptions.
           | They won't always be correct, but you don't have to be
           | "perfect", depending on your use-case. For example for
           | advertising purposes assumptions(even if incorrect) can still
           | go a long way.
           | 
           | There is a reason Target got sooo good at identifying
           | pregnant women[0] before the women knew they were pregnant
           | that they creeped out women, and had to pull back what they
           | did with that information. This was like a decade or more
           | ago. It's only gotten more accurate since then.
           | 
           | 0: one example from 2012:
           | https://techland.time.com/2012/02/17/how-target-knew-a-
           | high-...
        
             | codedokode wrote:
             | > Target got sooo good at identifying pregnant women
             | 
             | That's why I pay with cash and do not have a loyalty card
             | (other customers often offer theirs at cash register
             | anyway). And of course I don't even go to Target.
        
               | georgefrowny wrote:
               | I don't know if Target specifically use all of these, but
               | I would bet they have data based on at least some of
               | facial/gait/demographic recognition, wi-fi/Bluetooth
               | beaconing, vehicle registrations, time and location
               | tracking, statistical analysis of your purchases and
               | clustering of people you have made purchases next to
               | (e.g. you bought something at same time and till as your
               | mother more then once). I'm sure they have other methods
               | too. They can also combine datasets from brokers that do
               | have a face:name link (say you used a card at another
               | store that captured it and sold the data) and resolve you
               | within their own data that way.
        
             | armchairhacker wrote:
             | https://medium.com/@colin.fraser/target-didnt-figure-out-
             | a-t...
             | 
             | https://www.predictiveanalyticsworld.com/machinelearningtim
             | e...
        
               | zie wrote:
               | Even if that one particular instance is false, I seem to
               | remember Target saying their model was too accurate and
               | they were changing how they did things. i.e. Target
               | admitted to predicting pregnancies very well.
               | 
               | Why would they do that, if they didn't think their system
               | was that good?
        
               | armchairhacker wrote:
               | Maybe to convince other companies to buy Target ads.
               | Advertising companies uptalk how effective their
               | advertisements are to persuade other companies to buy
               | adspace.
               | 
               | Target isn't going to do something that scares away
               | consumers, like say "our ad tracking is TOO good", unless
               | there's another benefit that makes it net positive for
               | them.
        
         | georgefrowny wrote:
         | > An answer usually contains more information than just that
         | one bit.
         | 
         | That means there is less information in the question "do they
         | have long hair?", not more. Asking "long hair?" and then
         | "woman?" is probably, in most groups, roughly the same as just
         | the first or second question alone. So the second question
         | added much less than one bit of information because the answer
         | is probably "yes". "Long hair" and then "metalhead" is the
         | same, except that the answer to the second question is probably
         | "no".
         | 
         | Yes/no questions on average contain the most information each
         | when they partition the remaining possibilities 50:50. Then
         | each answer gives you exactly one more bit. The closet you get
         | to either a 100:0 or 0:100 yes:no split, the smaller the
         | fraction of a bit you encode in the answer.
         | 
         | "Metalhead?" usually gives you lots of bits of information
         | (probably 4 in an "average" group of 16 containing at least one
         | metalhead) if the answer is "yes", but on average that's
         | outweighed by the very high chance that the answer will be
         | "no". If there are no metalheads or only metalheads, it gives
         | you zero information.
        
           | tetha wrote:
           | Ah, I flipped it in my head. That happens after 10 years.
           | 
           | In this case, it was often an interesting exercise in bias as
           | well. "Woman?" would usually single out 1-2 persons out of
           | the 15, so it was a terrible question. It was CompSci after
           | all. "Long hair?", lumping women and metal heads into one
           | group would often split it into half and half. That was much
           | better, and then spurred creative thoughts like travel
           | distance, or bus stations.
        
       | btilly wrote:
       | I don't mind advertisers knowing more about me. If they can
       | display ads that are relevant to me, this is a better experience
       | on both sides.
       | 
       | Unfortunately there is no way to tell advertisers, "No, I'm not
       | interested in your product. I never will be. Don't waste your
       | money."
       | 
       | The top offender is Hims. No, I don't have hair loss. I don't
       | want hair loss supplements. I also don't have ED, and I object
       | strongly to ads for that showing up unexpectedly when I'm showing
       | a YouTube video to someone else.
       | 
       | The second top offender is whoever it is (they keep changing
       | their name) who thinks that I need some kind of Christian
       | motivational course to get control of "the P-word". (Their
       | phrase, not mine.) No, I don't have a problem with pornography. I
       | am very rarely interested in it. And when it comes up every few
       | months, I don't feel any guilt about it afterwards. Furthermore
       | I'm an atheist. A Christian motivational course isn't going to
       | work well for me regardless.
       | 
       | Yes, Google does offer a report function, and a block function,
       | for ads. The report function seems to have gotten rid of the
       | unwanted ED ads. The block really doesn't work when the ads are
       | all very similar AI slop that is rotated frequently. Block this
       | ad, and then next unwanted ad from the same source will be coming
       | along soon enough. (The reason why I particularly dislike Hims is
       | that they are more aggressively rotating their ads.)
        
         | blfr wrote:
         | If you don't mind them knowing but resent the ads, you can just
         | block the ads. You can do dns ad blocking[1], in-browser
         | plugins/extensions[2], finally, patch the apps[3]. Or deploy
         | all of them.
         | 
         | [1] https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-and-dns-over-
         | tls#...
         | 
         | [2] https://ublockorigin.com/
         | 
         | [3] https://revanced.app/patches?pkg=com.google.android.youtube
        
           | btilly wrote:
           | Perhaps you missed that I am willing to deal with ads in
           | general? I am perfectly willing to put up with the annoyance,
           | and like knowing that I am bringing money to the channel that
           | I'm watching. I only want specific advertisers turned off.
           | 
           | A general "show me no ads" solution is not my preference.
        
         | charlie-83 wrote:
         | Relevant/personalised ads doesn't mean ads that benefit you.
         | It's means ads that are better able to extract money from you.
         | 
         | It means that, when you need a new dishwasher, you will never
         | see the actual best dishwasher for you, only dishwashers that
         | are a bit more expensive than you actually need but you will
         | end up buying one of them anyways.
         | 
         | It means that you are more likely to see products you would
         | impulse buy just after you get your paycheck. Or slightly
         | inflated prices on things you usually buy.
         | 
         | It means ads designed to take advantage of addictions to sugar,
         | alcohol, gambling etc
         | 
         | Finding stuff you actually want to buy has never been easier,
         | you can find hundreds of reviews and comparisons instantly.
         | People who opt into personalised ads don't end up being more
         | savvy online shoppers, they just end up buying more junk.
        
           | btilly wrote:
           | My preferences are based on my understanding of myself.
           | 
           | I do not have those problem addictions. Of course I am going
           | to comparison shop for any large purchases. I am good enough
           | about controlling spending that excess junk isn't one of my
           | problems.
           | 
           | But what I do have a problem with is coming up with creative
           | ideas for people in my life. So, for example, I would have
           | never thought to look for
           | https://www.zazzle.com/cup_equation_love-168099175298227864.
           | But I'm very glad that someone out there knew enough about me
           | to guess that this might be an item that I'd like. And my
           | wife liked the cup a whole lot.
           | 
           | Does this happen often? No. But I'm perfectly happy to pay a
           | premium for a product when an advertiser gets it right.
        
             | charlie-83 wrote:
             | There are always situations where an advert is useful and
             | we remember those. However, when an advert causes you to
             | spend more than you would, you have no idea it has
             | happened.
             | 
             | Maybe you truly are above the influence of advertising.
             | However, almost no one believes that they are affected by
             | advertising yet clearly almost all of those people are
             | wrong.
             | 
             | I find it safer to assume I am part of the vast majority of
             | people who would be influenced by personalised advertising.
             | Given that online advertising is basically the biggest
             | business in the world, I assume that it would find a way to
             | get money from me.
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | You do you. If you believe that you are helpless in the
               | face of the temptation of advertising, you should avoid
               | advertising.
               | 
               | But it would be nice if you worked on your listening
               | skills as well.
               | 
               | You gave a list of major evils that consuming advertising
               | leads to. I don't suffer from those evils. Or at least if
               | I do, then I must also in serious denial to be unaware of
               | it.
               | 
               | You also seem to think that I said that I am unaffected
               | by advertising, and it doesn't lead to me spending money.
               | This is a bizarre conclusion given that I said that I am
               | affected by advertising, and I gave an example of where
               | it did lead to me spending money.
               | 
               | But the critical difference is this. You treat
               | advertising as an assault on your mind. Whose job is to
               | enable evil corporations to steal your money. I view
               | advertising as a discovery method. The world is full of
               | innovators coming up with things that they think others
               | may want. They then use advertising as a way to let
               | people know that there is a thing that they may want. I
               | rarely want it. But I'm willing to waste a bit of time on
               | the pitch.
               | 
               | And on the rare occasions that I do get something, I
               | actually enjoy it regularly. That cup I mentioned? I just
               | made tea for my wife, and served it to her in that cup.
               | 
               | We are different people. I have a very different
               | relationship to advertising than you do. The fact that it
               | is different, doesn't mean that I'm wrong to be me.
        
         | canyp wrote:
         | That is a loser's proposition. Targeted advertising should be
         | objected to on the grounds that surveillance and manipulation
         | are unethical, it doesn't matter how useful it may or may not
         | be in your personal experience. Them suddenly being more useful
         | wouldn't make them any more ethical.
        
       | drnick1 wrote:
       | Firefox w/ the Arkenfox user.js is probably as good as it gets in
       | terms of privacy. By default, this config burns cookies on exit,
       | standardizes the time zone to UTC, spoofs the canvas fingerprint,
       | and does other helpful things. Basically, it makes Firefox expose
       | the same information as the Tor browser.
       | 
       | In addition, I block most known advertizing/tracking domains at
       | the DNS level (I run my own server, and use Hagezi's blacklists).
       | 
       | Finally, another suggestion would be to block all third party
       | content by default using uBlock Origin and/or uMatrix. This will
       | break a lot of websites, but automatically rules out most forms
       | of tracking through things such as fonts hosted by Google, Adobe
       | and others. I manually whitelist required third party domains
       | (CDNs) for websites I frequently visit.
        
         | alcide wrote:
         | Orion Browser (Kagi Product) prevents fingerprinters from
         | running by default.
         | 
         | https://help.kagi.com/orion/privacy-and-security/preventing-...
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | How do they reliably detect fingerprinting? Did they solve
           | the Halting Problem? Sounds fishy.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >The only efficient protection against fingerprinting is
             | what Orion is doing -- preventing any fingerprinter from
             | running in the first place. Orion is the only browser on
             | the market that comes with full first-party and third-party
             | ad and tracking script blocking, built-in by default,
             | making sure invasive fingerprinters never run on the page.
             | 
             | sounds like they block "known" fingerprinting scripts and
             | call it a day.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | This makes you inherently trackable, ironically. No trace
               | is a massive trackable attribute, since almost nobody is
               | untraceable.
        
               | RamRodification wrote:
               | Hey look it's that invisible guy again!
        
               | jorvi wrote:
               | > Orion is the only browser on the market that comes with
               | full first-party and third-party ad and tracking script
               | blocking
               | 
               | I love Kagi, but that is a laughable statement. Brave has
               | been offering ad and fingerprint blocking for years now.
               | The reason why they don't have full first party blocking
               | ("aggressive" mode blocking) on by default is because it
               | tends to break things.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | This is also covered in the article. I appreciated the
               | analogy they used: You can put on a ski mask when you go
               | to the mall, and it will conceal your identity, but you
               | will also be instantly suspicious to everyone around you,
               | and will likely be asked to leave most of the stores you
               | try to visit.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | This is only because there are only 0.001% of people
               | using anonymizers. If you are a minority with specific
               | requirements, you are shown the door almost in any case,
               | not only on the Internet.
        
           | ashman5 wrote:
           | Orion browser is also capable of running uBlock Origin (not
           | Lite) on iOS.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | To ask the obvious question: Doesn't blocking fingerprinters
           | itself fingerprint the browser.
           | 
           | (Also, what is a 'fingerprinter'? Isn't it something that
           | runs server-side, out of reach of the browser, based on data
           | collected?)
        
             | h33t-l4x0r wrote:
             | No it's usually a javascript script that does weird things
             | like drawing strings on an invisible canvas and sends it
             | back to the server. I'm wondering if a browser extension
             | that intercepts those payloads and randomizes them with
             | other people's payloads is what's called for here.
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | Does it hide GPU name that is exposed via WebGL/WebGPU? Does it
         | hide internal IP address, available via WebRTC?
         | 
         | > block all third party content
         | 
         | It's not going to work, because the fingerprinting script can
         | be (and is often served) from first-party domain.
         | 
         | Also imagine if browser didn't provide drawing API for canvas
         | (if you would have to ship your own wasm rendering library).
         | Canvas would become useless for fingerprinting and its usage
         | would drop manyfold. And the browser would have less code and
         | smaller attack surface.
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | > Does it hide GPU name that is exposed via WebGL/WebGPU?
           | Does it hide internal IP address, available via WebRTC?
           | 
           | My GPU is reported as simply "Mozilla" by
           | https://abrahamjuliot.github.io/creepjs/.
           | 
           | The number of cores is also set to 4 for everyone using this
           | config and/or Tor.
           | 
           | > It's not going to work, because the fingerprinting script
           | can be (and is often served) from first-party domain.
           | 
           | This may be true, but allowed third party content makes it
           | trivially easy for Google and others to follow people around
           | the Internet through fonts delivery systems among others.
        
             | tempest_ wrote:
             | I had forgotten I was running Ublock origin / Privacy
             | Badger / Ghostry so I was a bit confused with the results
             | from that site.
             | 
             | I think it is Ghostry that is faking the responses but I
             | still have a pretty unique fingerprint according to
             | https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/kcarter?aat=1
        
               | ifh-hn wrote:
               | Isn't ghostry compromised? Having been bought out by an
               | ad company?
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | As near as I can tell, it's always been owned by Cliqz,
               | who produced some privacy-focused browsers (named Dawn or
               | Lumen) and a search engine (Tailcat) that was ultimately
               | purchased by Brave. The whole thing is majority owned by
               | a German media group, Hubert Burda Media, and while its
               | missions towards increased privacy seem to be sincere, I
               | don't know if I'd trust them implicitly.
               | 
               | All that said, the main project looks to be open sourced
               | under a GPL3 license, so distrust and verify:
               | https://github.com/ghostery
        
               | tempest_ wrote:
               | Honestly I did not know.
               | 
               | I have had it installed so long I don't even remember
               | when I did it.
               | 
               | Ill look more into it and perhaps re-evaluate
        
           | dminuoso wrote:
           | If I infiltrate someone else's computer, secretly run code in
           | order to to exfiltrate data I risk prison time because
           | objectively it seems to satisfy criminal laws over where I
           | live.
           | 
           | How do prosecutors in any modern country/state not charge
           | this behavior when done by a website owner?
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | The difference is that there's implied consent to run
             | arbitrary (albeit sandboxed) code when you visit a website.
             | Moreover it's not the website causing the code to be
             | executed, it's your browser. Otherwise if the bar is "code
             | is being run but the user doesn't know about it", it would
             | lead to either any type of web pages with javascript being
             | illegal (or maybe without javascript, given that CSS turing
             | complete), or a cookie banner type situation where site
             | asks for consent and everyone just blindly accepts.
        
               | mh- wrote:
               | _> if the bar is  "code is being run but the user doesn't
               | know about it",_
               | 
               | .. would lead to all modern electronics being illegal,
               | not just web pages with javascript.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | I guess it's fortunate that this quote only includes a
               | portion of the assertion they're making. What happens
               | when you include the rest?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | > any type of web pages with javascript being illegal
               | 
               | Inshallah
        
             | geocar wrote:
             | I suppose it depends on what you mean by "modern"
             | 
             | In Europe we have the GDPR which does exactly this
        
               | dminuoso wrote:
               | The GPDR is not criminal law. But ignoring that,
               | regulators barely pursue GPDR violations.
               | 
               | Consider the swaths of dark patterns surrounding cookie
               | terror banners. The GPDR language is extremely clear that
               | none of them are legal, but virtually nobody is ever
               | punished.
        
               | geocar wrote:
               | > The GPDR is not criminal law
               | 
               | While the GDPR does not directly prescribe prison
               | sentences, it absolutely enables countries to establish
               | criminal offences for severe data protection violations,
               | and they will clearly extradite!
               | 
               | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/media-centre/news-and-
               | blogs...
               | 
               | https://ico.org.uk/about-the-ico/media-centre/news-and-
               | blogs...
               | 
               | > But ignoring that,
               | 
               | No don't ignore that. When you're so completely wrong
               | about the first thing you say, everything that follows is
               | going to be even more wrong.
               | 
               | > Consider ... cookie ... banners. The GPDR language is
               | extremely clear that none of them are legal
               | 
               | You are confusing the ePrivacy directive (2002/58/EC)
               | with the GDPR (2016/679).
        
         | kachapopopow wrote:
         | All javascript based anti-fingerprinting is detectable and is
         | also a major source of uniqueness!
        
           | vorticalbox wrote:
           | Sure but if you are always unique for every website then you
           | can't be tracked overtime.
        
             | HumanOstrich wrote:
             | They meant a signal of uniqueness for your setup that could
             | still assist with tracking, not being unique for every
             | site.
        
         | maks198 wrote:
         | >Firefox w/ the Arkenfox user.js is probably as good as it gets
         | in terms of privacy.
         | 
         | No. It's LARP. You either don't care or go with Tor Browser
         | and/or commercial antidetect browsers.
         | 
         | But you shouldn't care, this issue of fingerprinting is
         | overblown. (really reminds me of AI)
        
           | ykonstant wrote:
           | Unfortunately, recently more and more sites fail to work with
           | Tor Browser. Notably, I am informed by people who are not me,
           | Anna's archive and libgen.
        
             | integralid wrote:
             | The sites block Tor, not fail to work with Tor browser
             | itself. I know this is a meaningless distinction for end
             | user.
             | 
             | In theory you could use Tor browser with Tor stripped (I
             | heard this is what mullvad browser is?) or go tor-then-
             | proxy (this is what I often do, because I sometimes use
             | whonix at work). I don't know about libgen or Anna's
             | archive, I don't use them.
        
         | 0xy wrote:
         | As someone who utilizes these tools for anti-fraud purposes,
         | Firefox is just as trackable if not more trackable than Chrome
         | (especially because you stand out by using a niche browser in
         | the first place).
         | 
         | Firefox exposes a massive amount of identifiable information
         | via canvas, audio device and feature detection methods. There's
         | also active methods to detect private windows, use of the
         | developer console and more.
        
           | vpShane wrote:
           | Of course. There's data where there isn't data.
           | 
           | -make client load something
           | 
           | -client doesn't load it
           | 
           | -add.fingerprint.point(client,'doesnltloadthings',1)
           | 
           | -detect if client does something only a certain browser does
           | 
           | -client does it
           | 
           | -add.fingerprint.point(client,'doesthisbrowsderthing',1)
           | 
           | -window was resized/moved, send a websocket snitch to the
           | backend
           | 
           | - keep a consistent web socket open, or fetch a backend-api
           | call for updates on X events - more calls are made, means
           | user is probably scrolling, inject more things/different
           | things.
           | 
           | I see some js obfuscators out there where I look at the js
           | file and it's all mumbo jumbo.
           | 
           | It is indeed a privacy nightmare, where whatever we do feeds
           | the algorithms to aide in making other people do things.
           | 
           | But it's also used in network security, organizations etc.
           | Staff/employees will use the system a certain way, if
           | something enters it without the behaviors, it's detectable. I
           | assume that's what you mean in anti-fraud.
           | 
           | Sad part is we don't know what the data is ever used for, and
           | it's often bought and sold and the cycle repeats.
        
             | zelphirkalt wrote:
             | In the end all this shit we have to deal with is probably
             | 99% used for deciding which ads to show you, which we are
             | gonna block anyway, and it's all a complete and utter waste
             | of computing power and electricity. This is how big tech
             | "makes the world a better place" apparently.
        
           | pteraspidomorph wrote:
           | If you enable privacy.resistFingerprinting in about:config I
           | believe instead of trying to prevent fingerprinting entirely,
           | it's supposed to make things annoying for the fingerprinters
           | by regularly changing the various spoofed factors.
        
         | hilbert42 wrote:
         | _" This will break a lot of websites, but automatically rules
         | out most forms of tracking..."_
         | 
         | Whether one breaks a lot of websites or not depends on the type
         | of user one is. People who regularly use the Google ecosystem,
         | Amazon and Social Media etc. cannot afford to break sites for
         | obvious reasons, they too are those that websites are most
         | interested in tracking and fingerprinting.
         | 
         | Those who use the web in the way advertisers and Big Tech
         | intend users to use it are the most vulnerable, they're the
         | ones who most need protection.
         | 
         | I break websites regularly but it doesn't worry me, I browse
         | with the premise that there are more websites on the internet
         | than I'll ever be able to visit and if I break sites or are
         | blocked by paywalls then there are usually alternatives and
         | workarounds.
         | 
         | But then I'm not a typical user, I block ads, I usually browse
         | with JS off, kill cookies, use block lists, use multiple
         | browsers (there are six on this deGoogled, rooted phone),
         | browse from multiple machines--Windows, Linux and use multiple
         | ISPs. Also, I've no Social media or Google accounts and rarely
         | ever purchase stuff online. Internet access is via dynamic IP
         | addresses and routers are rebooted often. There's more but you
         | get the picture.
         | 
         | I assume browsing sans JS makes me a first-class target for
         | fingerprinting and that websites know about me but it doesn't
         | matter. Whatever I'm doing seems to work, over the years I've
         | had very little trouble doing everything on the web that I want
         | to do. Clearly I'm of little interest to advertisers and I
         | never see ads let alone targeted ones. I used to use uBlock
         | Origin but I don't bother now as browsing sans JS is just so
         | effective at blocking ads.
         | 
         | I'm lucky in the fact that I use no service that would benefit
         | from fingerprinting me. Whilst my web browsing is atypical of
         | most users I reckon many could benefit by being more proactive
         | --using multiple machines, browsers, ISPs etc.--to disrupt the
         | outflow of personal data. For example, this is being written on
         | a rooted Android using Privacy Browser from F-Droid sans JS and
         | with block lists. If I really need to go to a site where JS is
         | required, I can simply hit a toggle and turn on JS or
         | alternatively use another browser.
        
         | capitainenemo wrote:
         | unfamiliar with the Arkenfox user.js but are any of these
         | things that are beyond what firefox enables out of the box if
         | you turn on privacy.resistFingerprinting ? Because what you
         | describe seems to be all stuff it does just by flipping flag.
        
           | drnick1 wrote:
           | Arkenfox does far more than that, just look at the user.js.
           | Among others, it spoofs the time zone, number of cores,
           | window size and many other attributes that assist
           | fingerprinting. It basically mimics the settings of the Tor
           | browser.
        
             | capitainenemo wrote:
             | privacy.resistFingerprinting = true is basically activating
             | most of the Tor browser features in baseline Firefox.
             | That's why it is turned off by default. It does all the
             | things you listed above only at a lower level than a user
             | script. It's been in Firefox for over a decade.
             | 
             | https://www.ghacks.net/2018/03/01/a-history-of-
             | fingerprintin...
             | 
             | The flag was in fact designed to control the activation of
             | the Tor browser uplift features, and reduce maintenance
             | issues. That way the Tor browser could pretty much just be
             | Firefox with certain flags turned on.
        
         | samtheprogram wrote:
         | There's no point unless a critical mass of people use these
         | tools. You will be the only one on your IP address using this
         | configuration of masked fingerprinting, which is itself a
         | fingerprint.
         | 
         | That's also why it's indeed useful when using Tor, because
         | you're not identified by your base IP.
         | 
         | Unless we make this part of the culture, you have basically 0
         | recourse to browser fingerprinting except using Tor. Which can
         | itself still be a useful fingerprint depending on the context.
         | 
         | EDIT: I'll add that using these tools outside of normal
         | browsing use can be useful for obfuscating who's doing specific
         | browsing, but it should be emphasized that using fingerprinting
         | masking in isolation all the time is nearly as useful as not
         | using them at all.
        
           | cortesoft wrote:
           | Basically the XKCD license plate comic:
           | https://xkcd.com/1105/
        
             | nativeit wrote:
             | Has anyone wrote software that automatically surfaces the
             | relevant XKCD comic for every article this happens under?
             | 
             | I'd like a feature in my HN reader that sticks a red button
             | at the bottom anytime XKCD has already made the points I'm
             | reading.
        
               | faidit wrote:
               | We should go further and make an AI agent that creates
               | counterfeit XKCD comics of dubious quality for literally
               | every scenario.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | Randal had a long career of good takes, until around 2016
               | when they stopped being objectively good.
               | 
               | I'm not kidding at all, that my guess is he was doing
               | drugs and stopped.
        
               | koolba wrote:
               | > Randal had a long career of good takes, until around
               | 2016 when they stopped being objectively good.
               | 
               | Specifically it was at this point in 2016:
               | https://xkcd.com/1756/
               | 
               | > I'm not kidding at all, that my guess is he was doing
               | drugs and stopped.
               | 
               | I don't know if he stopped or started, but something
               | changed.
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | A person used their relatively large platform to tell
               | people that they don't support a crazy lunatic
               | millionaire running the world's most powerful country?
               | How scandalous!
               | 
               | In the USA, 2016 and onwards wasn't "just an election".
               | It was something between a mildly harmful establishment
               | candidate or a useless new face on one side, and "holy
               | fucking shit are we actually letting this deranged
               | wannabe monarch run for office?!?" on the other.
               | 
               | Give the man a break, it was (the start of) a crazy time,
               | I'm actually surprised more creators didn't do something
               | like this. If anything, it was barely even a political
               | statement, more of a "hey fellow dems, go vote!" type
               | thing.
        
               | sdoering wrote:
               | Couldn't have said it better. But hey, they made their
               | bed...
        
               | cortesoft wrote:
               | Coming our against a candidate that literally said the
               | words "grab them by the pussy" is a bad thing?
        
               | naniwaduni wrote:
               | 1357 (2014-04-18) is pretty bad.
               | 
               | (Bonus points for the alt-text argument being isomorphic
               | to nothing-to-hide.)
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | As far as "obligatory xkcd" is concerned: 3154, 3155,
               | 3159, 3160, 3162, 3165 and 3167 are all relevant. (I've
               | found myself citing 3155 a lot, in attempts to
               | deradicalise cranks: it _sometimes_ works, if I can
               | convince them to quit ChatGPT cold-turkey.)
               | 
               | It's fine to like the comics before around 2016, and
               | dislike the ones afterwards, but there's nothing
               | objective about that. Various people have put forward
               | various thresholds for when xkcd "stopped being good",
               | but ultimately it boils down to a combination of what TV
               | Tropes would call "Tone Shift" and "They Changed It, Now
               | It Sucks!".
        
               | sdoering wrote:
               | Wow. Not liking their political views equals doing drugs.
               | 
               | Must be an interesting place, that originates these
               | "arguments".
        
               | einsteinx2 wrote:
               | I think you misread. They said the opposite: that he was
               | taking drugs and his takes were good, then he stopped
               | taking drugs and now they're bad.
               | 
               | I'm not saying I agree or that I even think his takes
               | have gotten worse, just clarifying what the other poster
               | said.
        
           | zelphirkalt wrote:
           | You can and should be using a good VPN to make the masked
           | fingerprint and IP address non-unique.
        
           | thrw888 wrote:
           | I have packed ff with arkenfox js into container and maybe a
           | handful other people use it
           | https://github.com/grzegorzk/ff_in_podman. Still, most likely
           | the IP address alone is probably the strongest part of
           | fingerprint vector Maybe instead it would be better to have
           | very different vector each time?
        
           | DavideNL wrote:
           | > " _There 's no point unless a critical mass of people use
           | these tools_"
           | 
           | That's what Mullvad Browser attempts to solve i guess:
           | 
           | https://mullvad.net/en/browser
        
         | DeathArrow wrote:
         | There is also server side fingerprinting like JA4+ and others.
         | Also, if you somehow evade fingeprinting, you have to prepare
         | yourself to solve some very slow Google and Cloudflare
         | captchas.
        
           | bradleyankrom wrote:
           | Privacy tax, sigh
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > Basically, it makes Firefox expose the same information as
         | the Tor browser.
         | 
         | Is it based on the Tor browser?
         | 
         | Some solutions, like Tor browser or GrapheneOS, are engineered
         | for the purpose.
         | 
         | Some free online tools are an aggregation of ideas from social
         | media and someone's personal understanding. These solutions can
         | have limited benefits or be worse than the problem. Many
         | settings don't work as expected, there are unintended
         | consequences (such as making the browser more unique and easier
         | to fingerprint), unusual combinations of settings can have
         | unintended consequences or break things (Mozilla can't test
         | every combination of about:config settings).
        
         | potato-peeler wrote:
         | Firefox already provides this feature in about:config using
         | resist fingerprint - https://support.mozilla.org/en-
         | US/kb/resist-fingerprinting
        
       | udev4096 wrote:
       | JavaScript disabling helps a lot, regardless of what author says.
       | It disables most of the tracking attempts, improves security and
       | most of all pages load faster and hardly break if you're just
       | browsing anyway.
       | 
       | The whole article never mentions the gold standard of anti-
       | fingerprinting, Tor Browser. It just shows how shallow the
       | article is when it mentions Mullvad Browser, a fork of TBB,
       | instead of TBB itself! There's also no mention of using an upto-
       | date DNS block list to thwart fingerprinting attempts even more
        
         | msm_ wrote:
         | Yeah, I don't get it. Tor browser alone, with no additional
         | configuration and basic hygiene, is enough to stop any
         | fingerprinting and tracking. The only problem is that it's
         | _too_ private, and tor traffic is often associated with crime,
         | so it 's sometimes blocked, notably by cloudflare.
         | 
         | I don't use it for daily browsing, but when I want to search
         | for something I don't want associated with me (for example,
         | health concerns) I just use tor browser and don't worry about
         | tracking.
        
           | armadyl wrote:
           | The Tor Browser won't effectively stop fingerprinting, if
           | anything it makes you more unique due to the low amount of
           | people worldwide using it, and then you add points of data by
           | using different DNS providers, extensions etc.
           | 
           | The Tor Browser as a privacy measure is likely no better than
           | a normal browser with uBlock if you're also using it like a
           | "normal" browser, signing into the same accounts you always
           | use etc. My opinion obviously but I dislike people
           | recommending the Tor Browser as a lot of it's primary
           | benefits are lost if you're just using it as a daily driver
           | browser.
           | 
           | I always point people to https://fingerprint.com/ to see if
           | their browser can defeat it. Most of the time you can't
           | without clearing cookies, changing device resolution, change
           | VPN location etc. something the average person can't/won't
           | do. Even JS aside there are a ton of different ways to track
           | people based off even just getting server side data when a
           | site's stylesheet is fetched.
        
             | udev4096 wrote:
             | The ignorance and disinformation is off the charts. Do you
             | see "browsing" in my response? It's only for that, you
             | don't login to your real accounts with it. It's only
             | discouraged to use ANY extensions with TBB
             | 
             | > Tor Browser as a privacy measure is likely no better than
             | a normal browser with uBlock
             | 
             | Why tell the whole world how fucking dumb you are? Tor
             | browser has been developing anti-fingerprinting techniques
             | long before you even heard the word being thrown around.
             | 2M+ userbase is enough to hide among and stop fucking
             | complaining. It's a non-profit, people run relays
             | voluntarily and that's the current best way to thwart
             | fingerprinting attempts
        
       | mixmastamyk wrote:
       | We're working on a comprehensive solution here (and could use
       | your help), the Ethical Computing Initiative.
       | 
       | https://aol.codeberg.page/eci/
        
       | gweinberg wrote:
       | For a fingerprint to be useful it must not only be unique but
       | also persistent. If I have a process that randomly installs and
       | deletes wacky fonts, I'm unique at any given time, but the me of
       | today can't be linked to the me of tomorrow, right?
        
         | internetter wrote:
         | Point still taken, however you can only really check if a given
         | font is installed, not obtain a _list_ of all fonts. Thus,
         | installing a wacky font is pointless as the fingerprinter won't
         | bother to check that particular font. There is queryLocalFonts
         | on chrome but this requires a permission popup.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >If I have a process that randomly installs and deletes wacky
         | fonts, I'm unique at any given time, but the me of today can't
         | be linked to the me of tomorrow, right?
         | 
         | See: https://xkcd.com/1105/
         | 
         | Services with a large enough fingerprinting database can filter
         | out implausible values and flag you as faking your fingerprint,
         | which is itself fingerprintable.
        
           | NewsaHackO wrote:
           | But they still wouldn't be able to confidently connect his
           | different fingerprints to the same individual, just that he
           | is one of a group of individuals who fake their fingerprints.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | It would depend on what your existing fingerprint is. If
             | you're using some sort of rare browser/OS/hardware
             | combination (eg. pale moon/gentoo linux/IBM thinkpad) it
             | might be worth spoofing, but if your configuration is
             | relatively "normie" (eg. firefox/windows/relatively recent
             | intel or amd cpu/igpu)you're probably making yourself stick
             | out more by faking your fingerprint.
        
               | NewsaHackO wrote:
               | The issue is that, especially on desktop, I doubt there
               | are many fingerprints that more than 100 people have,
               | given everything that they test. I would even suspect
               | that most common desktop fingerprints are classified as
               | bots.
        
           | nativeit wrote:
           | The problem we're falling into under this (ostensibly
           | accurate) point is when we start making this a game, where
           | fingerprinting is either "100% effective and insidious", or
           | "can't be 100% certain 100% of the time, so it's ineffective
           | and nobody will use it against me".
           | 
           | The point is that a sufficiently motivated actor could use a
           | very broad array of tactics, some automated and some manual,
           | to identify, observe, track, and/or locate a target. Maybe
           | they can't pin you down with your browser fingerprints
           | because you've been smart enough to use tools that obfuscate
           | it, but that's not happening in a vacuum. Correlating one
           | otherwise useless datapoint that happens to persist long
           | enough to tie things together at even low-ish confidence is
           | still a hugely worthwhile sieve with which to filter people
           | out of the possibility pool.
           | 
           | The problem isn't that it doesn't affect most average people,
           | or that it it's terribly imprecise. The problem is that it's
           | even a little effective, while being nearly impossible to
           | completely avoid. It's also a problem if that's used by a
           | malicious state actor against a journalist, to pick a rather
           | obvious example. Because even in isolation, this kind of
           | violation of civil liberties necessarily impacts _all_ of
           | society.
           | 
           | The public should be given more information and control,
           | broadly speaking, for when they are asked to trade their
           | rights for convenience, security, and/or commerce. In
           | particular, I think the United States has allowed bad faith
           | arguments against regulatory actions and basic consumer
           | rights so corporate lobbyists can steamroll any chance of
           | even baseline protections. It would behoove all of us to be
           | more distrustful of companies and moneyed interests, while
           | being more engaged with, and demanding of, our governments.
        
         | poorman wrote:
         | It's likely that yes, you will end up with an alias that links
         | you because of a cookie somewhere, or a finger print of the
         | elliptic curve when do do a SSL handshake, or any number of
         | other ways.
         | 
         | The ironic thing is that because of GDPR and CCPA, ad tech
         | companies got really good at "anonymizing" your data. So even
         | if you were to somehow not have an alias linking your various
         | anonymous profiles, you will still end up quickly bucketed into
         | a persona (and multiple audiences) that resemble you quite
         | well. And it's not multiple days of data we're talking about
         | (although it could be), it's minutes and in the case of
         | contextual multi-armed bandits, your persona is likely updates
         | "within" a single page load and you are targeted in ~5ms within
         | the request/response lifecycle of that page load.
         | 
         | The good news is that most data platforms don't keep data
         | around for more than 90 days because then they are
         | automatically compliant with "right to be forgotten" without
         | having to service requests for removal of personal data.
        
         | disambiguation wrote:
         | Correct, however:
         | 
         | > By following users over time, as their fingerprints changed,
         | they could guess when a fingerprint was an 'upgraded' version
         | of a previously observed browser's fingerprint, with 99.1% of
         | guesses correct.
         | 
         | https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/static/browser-uniqueness.pd...
         | 
         | https://mullvad.net/en/browser/browser-fingerprinting
        
         | collinmanderson wrote:
         | > If I have a process that randomly installs and deletes wacky
         | fonts, I'm unique at any given time
         | 
         | Technically for fonts, there's no API for listing installed
         | fonts, so trackers have to check each font by name. Likely they
         | won't be checking super obscure font names.
         | 
         | That method might help for other signals though.
        
       | lipbetfox wrote:
       | I still haven't found a method that can fingerprint simple
       | Firefox containers. I use automatic temporary containers as a
       | rule, and rules for specific sites where I want to keep
       | persistent sessions.
       | 
       | I don't understand how temporary containers are still not a
       | built-in Firefox feature, it seems like such a no-brainer
       | solution for privacy.
        
         | rob_c wrote:
         | How to scream I'm behaving badly online...
        
           | nativeit wrote:
           | How to scream, "I'm living a life of unalloyed privilege."
        
         | mixmastamyk wrote:
         | Isn't the semi-recent per-site cookie jar most of this
         | functionality?
        
         | boxedemp wrote:
         | Open question,
         | 
         | If you're on a VPN and using Firefox containers, is the only
         | way to identify me to look at my mouse movement and correlate
         | it?
        
         | arbol wrote:
         | Do you have a repo for this?
        
       | baalimago wrote:
       | On the pros of fingerprinting: it's practically the only
       | consistent tool to prevent malicious use in certain usecases,
       | such as app hosting and similar bot protection.
       | 
       | Email validation doesn't work. Ip blocking doesn't work. Captcha?
       | Kind of. Fingerprinting? Very efficient.
        
       | stego-tech wrote:
       | Sandboxing in containers and manually exempting specific security
       | tokens is arguably one of the better steps we can take in the
       | immediate term, as are random agent strings and returning fake
       | data for common prompts. Of course that only works in the
       | immediate, because this, like advertising in general, is an arms
       | race at the moment.
       | 
       | This feels like a regulatory question, not a technical one. We've
       | repeatedly proven that with math and code alone, we can
       | fingerprint and identify almost every unique person on the
       | planet, given enough data points. The long-term solution seems
       | like it should be severe consequences for data breaches (as in,
       | corporation-destroying penalties for disclosure of PII, including
       | fingerprint data) such that everyone only collects the data they
       | need to provide the service in question and not a single bit
       | more, deleting it as soon as it's no longer necessary. Right now
       | there's no consequence if Google or Meta disclose huge swaths of
       | user data, and thus no disincentive to collecting as much as they
       | possibly can.
       | 
       | Punish the leaking of data, and suddenly you've raised it's cost
       | to the point that casual players will nope out entirely. From
       | there, it's the eternal back and forth of governments waffling
       | between business and electorate interests.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >We've repeatedly proven that with math and code alone, we can
         | fingerprint and identify almost every unique person on the
         | planet, given enough data points.
         | 
         | I'm very skeptical of this claim, especially in practice.
         | Contrary to what many fingerprinting sites claim ("you're
         | unique of everyone we fingerprinted!!"), browser fingerprinting
         | can't possibly uniquely identify someone. Smartphones are
         | pretty locked down and there's very few customization options
         | that allow for fingerprinting. In the US Apple has around 50%
         | market share in the US, and there are 30 iPhones models that
         | are still in support. That means if you're an iPhone user in a
         | city of 1 million, there are, on average, approximately 16.6k
         | (500k / 30) other people with the same exact model of iPhone
         | (and therefore fingerprint) as you. As long as you don't do
         | anything to stick out (eg. living in the US but setting Denmark
         | as your locale), you'll be reasonably anonymous.
        
         | dwg wrote:
         | > ...severe consequences for data breaches...
         | 
         | Often had the same thought, if not shared same opinion. On the
         | other hand, stiffer penalties have the trade off of
         | incentivizing cover-ups, i.e. disincentivize honest disclosure.
        
           | stego-tech wrote:
           | And that's where I'd need other SMEs in the room to help
           | craft policy. Enough of us agree that the status quo is
           | untenable, but we lack a clear vision to change it still. I
           | know where I stand, but I don't know what I don't know.
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | There is no good technical solution here. But the damage could be
       | limited if browsers at least limited entropy somewhat. Stuff like
       | reading back canvas contents should need user approval.
       | 
       | Just make sure it's sufficiently illegal to keep this info. Find
       | and make big visible examples of fining companies that trade in
       | this info. If a company sells a product that fetches ads based on
       | an "identifier" their little js snippet computed then just pay
       | them a visit. Fine both them and their customers to the max
       | extent of the gdpr (or equivalent).
        
       | mlhpdx wrote:
       | Don't confuse privacy with anonymity. One is a right in the US,
       | the other is not.
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | Not trying to be sarcastic; I may be unaware of some relevant
         | legal framework for the US, could you please elaborate which
         | one is a right and how is it enshrined and enforced?
        
           | dmacedo wrote:
           | Not American here, but I'm aware of both privacy in mixed
           | forms (privacy act 1974, HIPAA, COPPA, and CCPA in
           | California); as well as anonimity in First Amendment et al
           | since there's case law (IANAL) demonstrating the requirement
           | of anonimity to avoid persecution of free speech.
           | 
           | All of these have limitations and exceptions in a complex
           | legal system. But to issue a blanket statement like the
           | comment above is no really correct - just trying to make a
           | point, I guess
        
             | mlhpdx wrote:
             | Also not a lawyer but anonymity case law is a mixed bag to
             | best, and more practically speaking very narrowly targeted
             | compared to privacy.
        
           | mlhpdx wrote:
           | Arguments for both are derived from, but not explicit in, the
           | Bill of Rights. Privacy has broad points of support while
           | anonymity is primarily attributed to the First Amendment, but
           | only in narrow circumstances.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | The only way to have privacy in a semi public location, like
         | the Internet, is anonymity.
         | 
         | Ask any celebrity how much privacy they have. They can't even
         | buy Starbucks without people commenting on how fat their comfy
         | clothes make them look. Because they have no anonymity.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > _Since almost every web browser in the world now supports
       | JavaScript, turning it off as a measure to protect privacy is
       | like going to the shopping mall wearing a ski mask._
       | 
       | I'm going to steal this nice analogy, for when I try to explain
       | this point and some related points.
        
       | beders wrote:
       | when PayPal tells you that they already know you and don't
       | require you to log in: that's fingerprint.com behind the scenes.
       | 
       | There are pros/cons.
       | 
       | It should be obvious by now that using any _free_ service of
       | scale is being paid for by your interactions which are made more
       | valuable through fingerprinting.
       | 
       | Trying to circumvent that just makes it more expensive for the
       | rest of us.
        
         | Zarathustra30 wrote:
         | Paypal does what? I'm sometimes nervous I only need 2 factors
         | of authentication. 0FA seems dangerous for financial anything.
        
         | slig wrote:
         | >when PayPal tells you that they already know you and don't
         | require you to log in: that's fingerprint.com behind the
         | scenes.
         | 
         | Why use a third party service when cookies can do exactly that?
         | They load their .js from the same domain they set up a cookie
         | and there's no limitation to read that cookie, correct?
        
       | ghxst wrote:
       | Browser data points can make it easy to identify a browser or in
       | some cases even a specific machine, but that doesn't necessarily
       | equate to identifying a user. What frustrates me is that it takes
       | a service I trusted with my personal data to be the one that
       | attaches an identifier to those metrics. The best practice for
       | privacy is to always keep profiles and identities separated,
       | rotate P.O. boxes, email addresses, phone numbers, and payment
       | methods so that when someone identifies your browser or device,
       | the accuracy of linking it to you stays low. Of course, this
       | approach comes with its own problems...
        
       | bolangi wrote:
       | The article is missing links to one of the first fingerprint
       | diagnostic tools, https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/ , formerly
       | called something like panopticon.net.
        
         | TechDebtDevin wrote:
         | or don't trust the EFF!
        
           | nativeit wrote:
           | Beyond the notion that no org should be trusted implicitly,
           | why would the EFF specifically be untrustworthy?
        
             | baxuz wrote:
             | Was just about to ask the same.
        
       | skaul wrote:
       | Self-plug but if anyone is interested in learning more about how
       | browser fingerprinting works and the different protections
       | browser makers deploy against it, I wrote a longer post about
       | this a few months ago:
       | https://pitg.network/news/techdive/2025/08/15/browser-finger...
        
         | NoahZuniga wrote:
         | its consistent cross site, so you get all the same privacy
         | problems as with 3rd party cookies
        
       | zkmon wrote:
       | I'm sure it's a privacy issue. But how does this browser
       | fingerprinting harm the user? Maybe it can work like a session
       | cookie used for correlating across different requests from the
       | same user. What's the damage here?
        
       | aragonite wrote:
       | Some time ago I noticed that in Chrome, every time you click
       | "Never translate $language", $language quietly gets added to the
       | Accept-Language header that Chrome sends to every website!
       | 
       | My header ended up looking like a permuted version of this:
       | en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,de;q=0.7,ja;q=0.6
       | 
       | I never manually configured any of those extra languages in the
       | browser settings. All I had done was tell Chrome not to translate
       | a few pages on some foreign news sites. Chrome then turned those
       | one-off choices into persistent signals attached to every
       | request.
       | 
       | I'd be surprised if anyone in my vicinity share my exact
       | combination of languages in that exact order, so this seems like
       | a pretty strong fingerprinting vector.
       | 
       | There was even a proposal to reduce this surface area, but it
       | wasn't adopted:
       | 
       | https://github.com/explainers-by-googlers/reduce-accept-lang...
        
         | hoofedear wrote:
         | Is Chrome trying to assume that, since you don't want it to
         | translate those pages/languages, that you can read them/want
         | them in your header? Interesting
        
           | onion2k wrote:
           | I'd read it more generously than that. I think Chrome trying
           | to stop _the server_ choosing the language for you. By
           | sending an accepts-language header (which your browser does
           | regardless of what you use; it 's not a Chrome thing) the
           | server _should_ return the page in a language you 've said
           | you'll accept. By adding the language to what you've told
           | Chrome not to translate, it's attempting to show you pages in
           | languages you want.
           | 
           | I imagine Chrome is really adding the language to your
           | browser preferences when you choose not to translate a page,
           | and the HTTP client in the browser is generating request
           | headers based on your preferred languages. A small (and
           | largely unimportant) semantic point, but it's possible that
           | the Google translate team weren't aware of how adding a
           | preferred language might impact user privacy. That isn't to
           | excuse the behaviour; they should have checked.
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | Using Chrome and caring about privacy? I thought, after Google
         | killed uBlock Origin, it had become beyond clear these two
         | things were incompatible,
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41905368
        
           | esseph wrote:
           | uBlock origin just got replaced with uBlock lite for most
           | people
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | Which, by design, doesn't protect you from actual spying,
             | https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBOL-home/wiki/Frequently-
             | as...
        
             | anthk wrote:
             | There's a way to enforce loading UBo in Chromium but you
             | need to download the extension by hand (git clone it from
             | GitHub) and load it in "developer mode" in the extension
             | settings. Also, you need to enable some legacy options
             | related to extensions in about:flags.
        
               | hopelite wrote:
               | Which really puts a massive spotlight on you.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | Most people using chrome are also using Google's DNS servers
           | too which hands them a list of every single domain you visit.
        
         | scrollop wrote:
         | PSA Don't use chrome.
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | Definitely a good STEP1, but it's not like Firefox and Safari
           | are finger printing secure.
        
             | capitainenemo wrote:
             | Firefox does pretty damn well though, especially with
             | privacy.resistFingerprinting set to true
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | privacy.resistFingerprinting has potentially-unwanted
               | side-effects, like wiping out most of your browser
               | history (instead of the more sensible approach of just
               | disabling purple links). I also recall something about it
               | getting removed or nerfed, though I'm not sure whether
               | that was a mere proposal.
        
               | noisem4ker wrote:
               | It also does (or at least used to) mess with dates, due
               | to it attempting to hide what time zone you're in.
        
               | godshatter wrote:
               | The browser should reasonably know what time zone you're
               | in and what time zone you're reporting to the website and
               | translate between them automatically.
        
               | capitainenemo wrote:
               | It does not wipe your browser history. I can definitely
               | attest to that since my generic JS active +
               | resistFingerprinting profile has a history going back
               | years. It does set your timezone to UTC in JS on
               | websites. I've mostly encountered that when playing
               | Wordle ;)
        
               | jijijijij wrote:
               | Every time I manually touched the "fingerprinting"
               | about:config settings, my entropy went up. I used the EFF
               | site to test: https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/
               | 
               | AFAIK some of these options are there to be used by the
               | Tor browser, which comes with strict configuration
               | assumptions, and it doesn't translate well to normal
               | Firefox usage. Especially if you change the window size
               | on a non-standardized device. Mind you, the goal is not
               | to block fingerprinting, but to not stand out. Safari on
               | a macbook is probably harder to fingerprint than Firefox
               | on your soldering iron.
               | 
               | However, judging by the fact that every data hungry
               | website seemingly has a huge problem with VPN usage, I'd
               | presume they are pretty effective and fingerprinting is
               | not.
        
               | capitainenemo wrote:
               | I've had good success with tracking tool tests and
               | resistFingerprinting. Granted, I usually use it with
               | uMatrix/NoScript most of the time which cuts down on the
               | available data a lot and maybe makes it an unfair test.
               | One issue, I expect, is simply not enough people using
               | resist fingerprinting to add variation to the mix. Since
               | it's off by default, and only a small % of users use
               | Firefox and an even tinier percentage use
               | resistFingerprinting, unlike your example of Tor where
               | probably most people on the tor network use the tor
               | browser, it's likely that simply blocking things is a
               | fingerprint all on its own. The solution there would be
               | to get more people using it :)
               | 
               | I will say one downside to using it is far more bot
               | detection websites freaking out over generic information
               | being returned to them, causing some sites to break (some
               | of their settings breaking webgl games too due to low
               | values). Using a different profile avoids this, or
               | explicitly whitelisting certain sites in
               | privacy.resistFingerprinting.exemptedDomains - obviously
               | if a site is using a generic tracking service for bot
               | detection, that kills a fair amount of the benefit of the
               | flag, so a separate profile might be best. I wish firefox
               | had a container option for this.
               | 
               | ... and. not too sure what you mean by changing window
               | size on a non-standardised device. They do try to ensure
               | the window sizes are at standard intervals, as if they
               | were fullscreened at typical widths to reduce
               | fingerprinting, but surely that applies to using Tor too?
               | I mean, people don't use Tor on dedicated monitors at
               | standard sizes.
        
             | fsflover wrote:
             | Tor Browser (based on Firefox) is.
        
             | Alive-in-2025 wrote:
             | what about duck duck go? We need a simple chart: 1. What
             | browsers are good at resisting finger printing 2. tell for
             | each browser, does it work on android ad ios and apple and
             | windows and linux 3. what setting are needed to achieve
             | this
             | 
             | for bonus points, is there no way to strip all headers on
             | chrome on control it better?
        
               | mark_l_watson wrote:
               | This is my question also. I tend to not use apps, use
               | DuckDuckGo browser.
               | 
               | I sometimes do use Safari which is a more convenient
               | browser - it would be ironic if DDG browser is less
               | private than Safari.
        
             | 8fingerlouie wrote:
             | Modern Safari is pretty damned good at randomizing
             | fingerprints with Intelligent Tracking Prevention. With IOS
             | 26 and MacOS 26, it's enabled in both private and non
             | private browser windows (used to be only in private mode).
             | 
             | All "fingerprint" tests I've run have returned good
             | results.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | I haven't tried 26, but I remember it didn't used to be
               | so great.
        
               | drnick1 wrote:
               | Unfortunately, it's closed source and only available on
               | Apple devices.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | I only use it when I want to be tracked.
        
           | FridayoLeary wrote:
           | That will just make you stand out more.
        
             | 1718627440 wrote:
             | You can change the reported UA header independently of the
             | UA you use.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | If I was a fingerprinting company, I'd be cross-
               | referencing signals between browsers for sure.
               | 
               | If the browser header says windows but the fonts
               | available says linux, that's a very distinctive signal.
               | 
               | And if the UA says Chrome but some other signal says not-
               | chrome, that's very distinctive as well.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | You said it better than I did.
        
               | biztos wrote:
               | Surely this is true, but if you're a fingerprinting
               | company aren't you making so much money violating the
               | privacy of the masses that it's not worth your time going
               | after the tiny set of Freedom Nerds trying to evade you?
        
               | weird-eye-issue wrote:
               | They aren't specifically going after you... they just try
               | to create a unique hash from everything they can and by
               | doing weird things to your system you are making a truly
               | unique hash easier
        
               | jijijijij wrote:
               | Yeah, and my passwords are so obvious and stupid,
               | nobody's gonna guess them!
               | 
               | I think, you are falling for a technical fallacy. It's
               | not costing them any more time.
        
               | nativeit wrote:
               | The article also mentions this, and suggests the UA is
               | not a silver bullet. That said, they didn't go into
               | specifics. I'm assuming there are other details that
               | correlate to particular browsers that will betray a false
               | UA. Plus, having a UA that says Chrome while including an
               | extension that's exclusive to Safari (tor example) will
               | not only contradict the UA, but it will also be a highly
               | distinctive datapoint for fingerprinting, in and of
               | itself.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | You can change the header, but browser developers are not
               | that dumb and they added properties like
               | "navigator.platform" which do not change and immediately
               | give you away. Consider also writing a browser extension
               | to patch these properties. Also, I think that DRM module
               | (widewine), that is bundled with browsers, also can
               | report the actual software version. Sadly it is
               | undocumented so I don't know what information it can
               | provide, but I notice warnings from Firefox about
               | attempts to use DRM on various sites like Yandex Market.
        
           | nikcub wrote:
           | don't use the same browser regardless - the key is to
           | compartmentalise.
        
           | faidit wrote:
           | Translating pages is literally the only thing I use Chrome
           | for. The built-in translation works way better than other
           | browsers, even though they also use Google Translate.
        
             | geocar wrote:
             | I don't think safari uses google translate
        
             | gagik_co wrote:
             | The new built-in translation in Firefox works pretty well!
             | I never need to fallback to others, although forcing it to
             | translate has weird UX.
        
             | seba_dos1 wrote:
             | Firefox does not use Google Translate and performs the
             | translation locally, which works great for the most common
             | languages out there. For the less common ones you still
             | have to go to Google Translate, but IME it's definitely not
             | worth changing the browser to Chrome over.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Yeah I really like the Firefox translate. A rare win for
               | recent Firefox.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | Ditching Chrome is something we need to teach everyone.
               | 
               | The DOJ is totally spineless and refuses to squash
               | Google's absurd monopoly on the internet. We are
               | literally the last line of defense, even though we really
               | don't amount to much.
               | 
               | Perhaps we could start a grassroots movement.
        
               | IgorPartola wrote:
               | You don't need a grassroots movement when other movements
               | doing this exact thing already exist. In fact it is
               | likely counterproductive. Mozilla Foundation is the
               | organization you want to support, or EFF.
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | > Mozilla Foundation is the organization you want to
               | support
               | 
               | Mozilla Foundation is rudderless. I'm convinced the
               | leadership are all Google plants who are keeping the
               | "antitrust litigation sponge" from doing anything
               | damaging to Chrome.
        
               | RugnirViking wrote:
               | I don't really like firefox translate, despite having
               | made the switch many years ago. For a long time it didnt
               | have the (european) language of the country I live in.
               | Now it does have it. Every time I want it to translate I
               | have to manually find both languages in the insanely long
               | dropdowns. It will not save it the way I want it, but
               | impressively seems to manage to always save it in the
               | other direction...
        
             | ozgrakkurt wrote:
             | There is an extension called twp or something like that for
             | firefox. IME it is pretty good
        
             | andrepd wrote:
             | Sorry but you're using a Google browser and Google
             | translation service, when excellent alternatives to both
             | exist. What did you expect regarding privacy?
             | 
             | A clueless person might not know any better, but you
             | clearly do, and also you seemingly care. So why do you use
             | Google all the same?
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | PSA only use Mullvad or Tails which are set up to be as bland
           | and uniform as possible
        
             | h33t-l4x0r wrote:
             | Except I don't want to be flagged as a bot when I'm just
             | visiting some website in my browser. (I also don't want to
             | be flagged as a bot when I'm scraping some website with a
             | bot).
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | As uniform as possible is exactly the wrong way to go. It
             | only takes one data point overlooked or newly discovered to
             | make every person trying to look identical distinct. New
             | fingerprinting techniques are being implemented all the
             | time, so what's the point in taking chances when it's far
             | easier to randomly change a browsers fingerprint for each
             | site/connection making it much harder to track any one
             | browser over time.
        
         | datavirtue wrote:
         | Hmmm...YouTube has been getting confused about the language and
         | displaying random languages for the closed captions on videos.
         | This was happening to me across smart TVs but I access YouTube
         | randomly from various devices and browsers...but mostly Chrome
         | when using a browser.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > There was even a proposal to reduce this surface area, but it
         | wasn't adopted:
         | 
         | >> Instead of sending a full list of the users' preferred
         | languages from browsers and letting sites figure out which
         | language to use, we propose a language negotiation process in
         | the browser, which means in addition to the Content-Language
         | header, the site also needs to respond with a header indicating
         | all languages it supports
         | 
         | Who thought that made sense? Show me the website that (1) is
         | available in multiple languages, and also (2) can't display a
         | list of languages _to the user_ for manual selection.
        
           | jm4 wrote:
           | What language do you put that list in? Would you still want
           | to show it to every visitor when you know most of them speak
           | a particular language?
           | 
           | I use to do some work in this area. The first question is
           | difficult and the second is no. We had the best results when
           | we used various methods to detect the preferred language and
           | then put up a language selector with a welcome message in
           | that language. After they made a selection, it would stick on
           | return visits.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | > What language do you put that list in? Would you still
             | want to show it to every visitor when you know most of them
             | speak a particular language?
             | 
             | Judging by... a _large_ number of websites, you make the
             | list available in a topbar, and each language is named in
             | itself. You don 't apply one language to the entire list.
             | 
             | Here's the first page that popped into my head as one that
             | would probably offer multiple languages (and it does!):
             | 
             | https://www.dyson.com/en
             | 
             | They've got the list in a page footer instead of a header,
             | but otherwise it's an absolutely standard language
             | selector. It does technically identify countries rather
             | than languages. The options range from Az@rbaycan to
             | Ukrayina. They are -- _of course_ -- displayed to every
             | visitor.
             | 
             | Why would you want to force someone to consume your website
             | in the wrong language?
             | 
             | And why would the list be in a single language, again?
        
               | jm4 wrote:
               | You're looking at it with the perspective of someone who
               | understands the language the site defaults to. Most non-
               | native speakers have a hard time finding the link and
               | they leave.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | No, I'm looking at it from the perspective of someone who
               | has needed to use that language selector in the past.
               | Understanding the language the site defaults to wouldn't
               | help, because _the selector doesn 't use that language
               | anyway_.
               | 
               | > Most non-native speakers have a hard time finding the
               | link
               | 
               | You might notice the colorful flag right next to it.
        
             | codedokode wrote:
             | You can determine user's language from IP address location.
             | Of course, there are users with VPNs, but they probably are
             | used to seeing foreign content. For example, Youtube shows
             | me advertisement in a language I don't understand despite
             | my language header saying I only understand "en-US" and
             | "en" languages. So this header is unnecessary, even Youtube
             | ignores it.
             | 
             | Also, when using VPN, Google typically uses a language
             | based on IP address, not my language header. I assume the
             | header is only useful for fingerprinting today.
        
           | Juliate wrote:
           | More and more international audiences websites literally do
           | this themselves, putting a language (sometimes even currency)
           | select box option on top when they detect your settings don't
           | match best at first the page you are on.
           | 
           | Why not have this negotiation implemented at the browser
           | level?
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | Because that prevents all of your users from selecting the
             | language they want. It's a terrible idea with no upside and
             | not-high-but-still-not-no downside.
        
               | Juliate wrote:
               | It doesn't, because that's an optional negotiation. Try
               | Apple.com in a different country/locale than yours,
               | you'll see how it behaves.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | It has a remarkably inconspicuous language selector, also
               | using the names of countries rather than languages,
               | located in the page footer. Compared to Dyson, Apple's
               | list of country names is much more willing to use English
               | in preference to whatever someone from that country would
               | call it. This isn't consistent; many countries are
               | rendered in their own language (Ri Ben  / Ellada) and
               | many aren't (Georgia / Kazakhstan).
               | 
               | The page defaults to the locale that you request in the
               | URL. https://www.apple.com/ shows up in English,
               | regardless of your country;+ https://www.apple.com/bg/
               | shows up in Bulgarian. Switching your preferred location
               | simply takes you to the page for that location. (Dyson
               | does the same thing.) Some locations support more than
               | one language; there's https://www.apple.com/lae/ for
               | Latin America (English) and https://www.apple.com/la/ for
               | Latin America (Spanish). If you're on the page for a
               | location like this, a language selector (with language
               | names) displays next to the location selector. In the
               | case of Latin America, only two languages are supported,
               | and the language selector automatically displays
               | "Espanol" if you're on the English site and "English" if
               | you're on the Spanish site, which makes sense but won't
               | generalize.
               | 
               | Apple's selector is inconspicuous because it refuses to
               | display flags, which I would guess is due to much higher
               | political exposure than Dyson. So it's lower-quality in
               | two ways, but fundamentally the same approach. The user
               | asks for a language, and the site honors that.
               | 
               | Given that I presented Dyson as an example of doing
               | language selection correctly, I'm confused about what you
               | wanted me to see on apple.com. They're trying to do the
               | right thing, but less effectively.
               | 
               | + I tested this by accessing the site(s) from Mongolia,
               | Vietnam, and Morocco using ExpressVPN.
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | How does it determine the order?
         | 
         | Clearly it thinks you prefer Chinese to German. Was that
         | correlated with the frequency of your requests on Google
         | Translate? With your browsing history? With your shopping
         | history?
        
           | RamRodification wrote:
           | $lang_header = $lang_header +
           | $the_lang_choice_that_was_just_made
        
         | zzo38computer wrote:
         | This is a problem, that the software will try to guess what you
         | mean by such things like this (it is not specific to this
         | feature, but other features of computer programs in general;
         | this is one specific case of that). Just because you do not
         | want it to translate such a language (or any other langage)
         | automatically does not necessarily mean that you can read it or
         | that you want to request documents written in that language.
         | Fingerprinting is not the only issue with this.
        
       | kkfx wrote:
       | Has anyone ever thought that RSS doesn't have a fingerprint?
       | 
       | Because the sites that still offer feeds, at least those for
       | which a feed makes sense, well, you can read them comfortably via
       | RSS.
        
       | baq wrote:
       | The real problem: if you can't be identified, the system assumes
       | you're a bot, untrustworthy, or both and instead of reading
       | content you get to select squares with buses and traffic lights
       | ad infinitum.
        
         | pphysch wrote:
         | Yes, and the conspicuous lack of signal is itself a signal.
         | 
         | "Get me all the individuals in this geo area that have atypical
         | communication patterns..."
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | https://xkcd.com/1105/
        
       | rncode wrote:
       | you're all running chrome signed into google with 47 extensions
       | and complaining about privacy. the call is coming from inside the
       | house
        
       | nobody42 wrote:
       | You could test with this:
       | https://github.com/abrahamjuliot/creepjs Does it store the data?
       | Unknown.
       | 
       | The best browser for protection is https://mullvad.net/en/browser
       | because it makes the connection uniform, to better blend in.
        
         | thetyster wrote:
         | > best
         | 
         | I guess that really depends on how you classify "best"
         | 
         | Tor is pretty good for protection. Then there's always i2P as
         | well...
         | 
         | Saying one browser can protect the best is pretty hard to
         | prove.
        
           | nobody42 wrote:
           | Best among existing. Anti-fingerprinting field is still in
           | it's early stages.
           | 
           | I wouldn't say Tor Browser is the best because it requires
           | custom configuration to be usable conveniently, which will
           | make the connection non-uniform (and the user will stand
           | out).
           | 
           | >Tor is pretty good for protection. Then there's always i2P
           | as well...
           | 
           | Tor and i2P does nothing for (anti)fingerprinting - the
           | program which render the web pages does.
           | 
           | >Saying one browser can protect the best is pretty hard to
           | prove.
           | 
           | Not a proof but things to consider: https://privacytests.org/
        
             | sfink wrote:
             | I'd like a "Firefox + uBlock Origin" column on that page.
             | (But then you'd have to consider filter lists enabled...)
        
           | coppsilgold wrote:
           | Mullvad Browser is just Tor Browser without tor.
           | 
           | Among all the available browsers, mullvad/tor browser is the
           | best we have in terms of fingerprinting resistance.
        
       | WorldPeas wrote:
       | seeing projects like https://github.com/jonasstrehle/supercookie
       | kind of fill me with a dread about just how many holes would need
       | to be plugged in the web for "privacy" to be assured, and how
       | that would degrade my experience as an end user
        
       | notepad0x90 wrote:
       | When an individual stalks a person without their consent, it is
       | considered unlawful. Why is it ok for websites to do this?
       | 
       | Perhaps what is missing is a criminal law that forbids deliberate
       | non-consensual tracking of a person's activity. Even in public.
       | 
       | Recording someone as you happen to be recording something in
       | public (including CCTV) is not deliberate or targeted towards an
       | individual. But even in public, if someone followed you around
       | tracking what you're doing (even without recording you), that
       | shouldn't be lawful. Public figures and law enforcement activity
       | based on probable cause being the exceptions.
       | 
       | Can anyone think of any reasonable counter-arguments to this?
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | A counter argument is that stalking in itself, in the US at
         | least, is not unlawful. It becomes unlawful once someone starts
         | threatening another person. So the digital analog would be to
         | allow tracking as long as the site doing the tracking doesn't
         | threaten the people that are being tracked.
        
           | notepad0x90 wrote:
           | You're talking about the law today, and I concede. Why don't
           | we change it so it becomes lawful. No one wants to be
           | stalked, and notwithstanding the exceptions I mentioned, no
           | one should have to endure the harassment. There is no
           | scenario where one person would legitimately have a right or
           | a need to stalk another person (unless financial gain is a
           | legitimate reason).
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | What I don't get, all this data is reported by your machine - why
       | isn't there a tool/browser fork that allows spoofing a (fairly)
       | complete realistic profile, with some sane presets like
       | Edge/W11/Thinkpad or Safari/macOS/M4? Is it too complex, would it
       | break too much, or am I just unaware?
        
         | nativeit wrote:
         | Most privacy-thumping browsers do this, to some degree, but
         | it's not a panacea. The article gets into it.
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | The article mentions some complications and browsers like
           | LibreWolf that address some of them. But that's not really
           | what I have in mind - I'm thinking more of a dashboard with
           | editable fields for everything that might get queried,
           | populated with what currently gets sent, and a drop-down that
           | lets you select among preset/saved custom profiles.
        
         | arbol wrote:
         | There are browsers that people use for multi accounting that
         | switch fingerprints for you. See octobrowser and other similar
         | ones. They're generally paid products and need to work in
         | conjunction with proxies
        
       | kxrm wrote:
       | So there seems to be some confusion around fingerprinting related
       | to identifying characteristics and tracking. These are two
       | different things. Setting your timezone to UTC, masks that one
       | characteristic of your "identity". But there are better signals
       | for location than timezone, like GeoIP. Same with hiding
       | capabilities. All this does is make the web harder for you but it
       | doesn't make your untrackable. Trackability comes from a
       | combination of factors both within and out of your browser's
       | control. If you share your IP with a family of 4, and you go
       | changing your request headers you are only making yourself MORE
       | trackable. The fact that one request comes across with UTC as a
       | timezone and others come back with EST or other timezones, means
       | I now can track a single user on this single IP. This is made
       | worse if you and your family are using different browsers or
       | different devices.
       | 
       | So what do we care about? If you care about being untrackable,
       | then you have a couple of options, rotate VPNs, or cycle your
       | public facing IP often. Additionally, every request you make MUST
       | change up the request headers. You could cycle between 50
       | different sets of headers. Combine these two and you will likely
       | be very hard to fingerprint.
       | 
       | If you only care about being identified, use Tor + the Tor
       | browser which makes A LOT of traffic look identical.
        
       | Refreeze5224 wrote:
       | The real problem here is not technical, it's political. None of
       | this should be legal, let alone the basis of companies worth
       | hundreds of billions. This is surveillance capitalism, and is
       | incredibly harmful to society in a multitude of ways. And as long
       | as the owning class is able to dictate what's legal, this
       | injustice will continue.
        
       | ifh-hn wrote:
       | Stupid question but what happens to fingerprinting if you just
       | disabled JavaScript? Sure it breaks websites, but that's what I
       | do with ubo advanced, which I also use to block webrtc, etc. (I
       | really miss umatrix for this purpose). Am I fingerprinted because
       | a site can't run JavaScript? If I use a VPN too?
        
         | dempedempe wrote:
         | Yeah. You are fingerprinted if you disable JS and/or use a VPN.
         | Read the article for more info.
        
           | ifh-hn wrote:
           | I did but I don't think I understand how it's that bad,
           | random IP address with JavaScript disabled is 2 data points
           | that can't, as far as I can see, be really helpful in
           | identifying me. Seems like you're fingerprinted anyway so the
           | less you give the better...
        
             | dempedempe wrote:
             | Just having JS disabled narrows you down by a lot. Yeah,
             | fingerprinters can't use a lot of their more sophisticated
             | techniques, but they still have a lot to work with as I
             | understand it. I'm no expert though.
        
       | diogenes_atx wrote:
       | Useful site to see what info your browser is giving out:
       | 
       | https://amiunique.org/
        
       | xp84 wrote:
       | On articles like this always I see a lot of people bragging about
       | how they've pimped out their browser(s) to make themselves
       | "untrackable" (or proposals to make new ways of tracking
       | impossible) but nobody ever brags about how lack of "tracking"
       | has positively impacted their lives.
       | 
       | I do block ads on the web with UBlock Origin because there's no
       | pay option to opt-out of it and ads ruin the experience. But I
       | don't give a fig about tracking. Change my mind. Why would the
       | average person enjoy a better life if they became untrackable on
       | the Web?
        
         | fggabb wrote:
         | Whether or not they would enjoy a better life doesn't matter if
         | there's no way to avoid your assumed preferences being tied to
         | your devices, and for it to know the preferences of those you
         | spend time with, those you work with, where you go, etc.
         | 
         | Though, from what I understand, overall the fingerprinting
         | success rate is only about 30%.
        
           | sroussey wrote:
           | One time fingerprinting, sure. But if you collate tracking
           | info from a hundred sources or so, you pretty much have
           | person, name, email, and location.
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | People being untrackable in general ensures that folks who need
         | to be untrackable are more easily able to achieve that goal ---
         | the world is a much darker place if journalists are hindered in
         | researching stories.
        
         | mac-attack wrote:
         | > nobody ever brags about how lack of "tracking" has positively
         | impacted their lives
         | 
         | This reminds me of the anti-vax logic a tad in that they lack
         | the imagination on the seemingly obvious effects of their ideal
         | world.
         | 
         | Being indifferent to companies and political parties (which
         | becomes your Gov't when voted into power) indirectly states
         | that you are indifferent to others attempts to influence you
         | and/or foolhardy enough to believe that all of your beliefs
         | consistently originates from objective personal experience.
        
         | tejohnso wrote:
         | The average person probably won't notice or care otherwise this
         | would be a much more publicized issue. The average person also
         | doesn't care that their refrigerator and television phone home,
         | their calls and data are slurped up by the NSA, and their
         | location can be tracked through their cell phone and vehicle
         | movements.
         | 
         | However, just because the average person doesn't notice and
         | doesn't care, it doesn't mean that their life can't be ruined
         | at some point because of these things. You never know when
         | you're suddenly going to be targeted for something you may or
         | may not have done.
        
         | left-struck wrote:
         | I think about this sometimes as I do a lot of things attempt to
         | protect my privacy and keep control of what I'm paying
         | attention to (ie not doom scrolling / shorts, carefully
         | controlling notifications). So I make a lot of sacrifices
         | including my time in order to maintain control over my
         | technology.
         | 
         | I think it's not possible for me to say if my life is really
         | better, because it's the whole road not taken thing. It's not
         | possible to know and so it's not worth agonising over, but I'm
         | choosing to live according to my values at least, and that
         | seems valuable.
        
         | nativeit wrote:
         | Is this before or after ICE became a $150B secret paramilitary
         | beholden to a corrupt authoritarian with a large cohort of
         | sycophantic tech billionaires?
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | I'm not an illegal immigrant so I'm not worried about it
        
             | mmooss wrote:
             | That is short-sighted for many reasons that I don't need to
             | mention.
        
             | queenkjuul wrote:
             | Neither are many of the people ICE has beaten and detained,
             | didn't save them, won't save you.
        
         | dartharva wrote:
         | I have one! Because of my anti-tracking measures, all social
         | media platforms still don't seem to have a profile on me for
         | content preferences, and so fail to show me the hyper-curated
         | slop they do to everyone else. What I see instead is a classic
         | feed of the best content generally trending across the world,
         | pre-2010 style. That's one way it has impacted my life.
         | 
         | Another way is the security and peace of mind it gives me while
         | living in a country that has a behemoth population of bad
         | actors online. Everyone I know has fallen to at least one
         | targeted cyber-scam or the other. I haven't.
        
         | blharr wrote:
         | This tracking absolutely has impacted the average person. Have
         | you noticed how addictive the social media algorithms are
         | today? Pretty much everyone I know struggles to get off their
         | recommended or "for you" tab at this point. It literally is
         | rooted in tracking how long you spend on each piece of media,
         | rewarding and delaying that reward based on what will hook you
         | the most. If you start disabling tracking and anonymizing your
         | browser, it suddenly all becomes really clear how unnecessary
         | the content really is...
        
       | stickfigure wrote:
       | We can start by getting rid of (freezing) the User-Agent header.
       | No need to make it easy.
        
       | kuon wrote:
       | It is not really fingerprinting but I realized that ipinfo can
       | place my IP on my house. I guess some stupid phone sent the GPS
       | location. Isn't that supposedly under GDPR in Europe? Can I
       | delete it somehow?
        
       | gausswho wrote:
       | I want a spoofing tool. How would one go about sending all my
       | browser's traffic through a proxy that swapped out
       | fingerprintable aspects with those of selectable presets of the
       | most common browser configurations? It'd help to be able to
       | bypass certain details for a whitelist domains that actually
       | needed granular exceptions. Most websites don't need this data
       | for serving you.
        
       | beefnugs wrote:
       | There was just a youtube video of a penetration tester showing a
       | screencap of some hacker: they used something called "octo
       | browser" to act like their target as they used stolen cookies to
       | login as hacked targets.
       | 
       | Seems like we all need to come together and use the same
       | technique to "we are borg, we are browsing your internet as one,
       | tracking is futile"
        
       | tcfhgj wrote:
       | Isn't it forbidden on the EU anyways - thanks to GDPR?
        
       | metek wrote:
       | I've recently started going full send and using Ad-Nauseaum
       | instead of simply using an ad-blocker. I've even started
       | seriously boning up on Javascript to see if I can come up with
       | some horribly hacky :click:hover:focus smokescreen sideload.
       | 
       | I'm sick to death of companies thinking they have any right to
       | keep tabs on me because they think it'll make them a buck.
        
       | uoaei wrote:
       | It's moderately inconvenient to
        
       | tzury wrote:
       | The OP argues that fingerprinting is a "privacy nightmare," but
       | we need to look at why it exists.
       | 
       | From a pragmatic perspective, we are forcing two very different
       | networks to run on the same protocols:
       | 
       |  _The Business Internet:_ Banking, SaaS, and VC-funded content
       | (Meta /Google).
       | 
       |  _The Fun Internet:_ Hobby blogs, Lego fan sites, and the
       | "GeoCities" spirit.
       | 
       | You cannot have a functioning "Business Internet" without
       | identity verification. If you try to perform a transaction (or
       | even just use a subsidized "free" tool like Gmail) while hiding
       | behind a generic, non-unique fingerprint, you look
       | indistinguishable from a bot or a fraudster.
       | 
       | Fingerprinting is often just the immune system of the commercial
       | web trying to verify you are human.
       | 
       | The friction arises because we expect the "Fun Internet" to play
       | by different rules. A Lego fan site shouldn't need to know who I
       | am. But because we access both the Lego site and our Bank using
       | the same browser, the same IP, and the same free tools
       | (Chrome/Search), the "Fun Internet" becomes collateral damage of
       | the "Business Internet's" need for security and monetization.
       | 
       | We can't have it both ways. We accepted the SLA for the "Business
       | Internet" in exchange for free, billion-dollar tools. If you want
       | 100% anonymity, you are effectively asking to use the commercial
       | web's infrastructure without providing the identity signal it
       | runs on.
       | 
       | As the OP notes, mitigation is hard. But that's not just because
       | advertisers are "evil"--it's because on the modern web, anonymity
       | looks exactly like a security threat.
        
         | domenicd wrote:
         | This is an excellent insight.
         | 
         | I think there is still some hope that technical solutions could
         | be developed so that only the "Business Internet" gets access
         | to verified identity, with the user somehow understanding this,
         | while the "Fun Internet" doesn't have such capabilities. This
         | is what stood behind, e.g., Google's proposed WEI [1] that got
         | such huge backlash, or Apple's Private Access Tokens [2] which
         | are essentially the same thing but quietly slipped under the
         | community radar.
         | 
         | Other proposals are Google's in-limbo Private State Tokens [3],
         | or the various digital-wallet/age verification proposals (I
         | think Apple and Google both have stuff in that space).
         | 
         | But even basic stuff, like IP protection, can really throw off
         | the anti-fraud and anti-botnet mechanisms. Your Lego fan site
         | wants to be behind a CDN for speed and protection from DDOS?
         | Well, people using VPNs or in Incognito mode might end up
         | inconvenienced, because the CDN thinks it's dealing with bots.
         | Rough stuff.
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Environment_Integrity
         | 
         | [2]: https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=huqjyh7k
         | 
         | [3]: https://privacysandbox.google.com/protections/private-
         | state-...
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | I find it a bit hard to relate to the "privacy nightmare". I've
         | not worried about such things in ~27 years of using the web and
         | are yet to notice ill effects from the stuff he worries about.
         | I don't know if my ads are targeted because I have an ad
         | blocker and don't see any. Maybe the answer to the nightmares
         | in general is not to worry about stuff that doesn't affect you?
         | 
         | Re insurers knowing you've been browsing heart disease etc, I
         | have sometimes had issues like that, more you get a cheap
         | initial price from an insurer/airline/car hire and then they
         | jack it up when you visit again. You can sometimes do better by
         | having a go from a different browser. I regard that more as me
         | trying a hack to get a discounted price than a privacy
         | nightmare but whatever I guess.
        
         | pu_pe wrote:
         | I don't see why banks need browser fingerprinting at all. Every
         | credit card I've had in the past 10 years required two-factor
         | authentication. If your theory was correct, trying to do a
         | purchase in a new browser wouldn't work.
        
         | everdrive wrote:
         | Then let's get rid of the business internet. Every single thing
         | I dislike about the internet is from the business internet:
         | tracking, cookies, fingerprinting, SPAs, excessive javascript,
         | optimizing for engagement, data brokers, I could go on.
         | 
         | "But won't you miss XYZ?" Nope, don't care, want it gone. If
         | you can't be bothered to go to the store and get it then it
         | probably didn't matter very much.
        
           | nilslindemann wrote:
           | To me, it would be enough if there existed a search engine
           | which only lists sites which do nothing of the above. But
           | that would require that sites are honestly answering the
           | question "are you tracking?". They won't. Corps have the same
           | thinking as the criminals they try to keep outside.
           | 
           | There would have to be laws which require site owners to
           | answer that question honestly, so that users have a choice
           | and such a search engine can be built. But states are
           | interested in fingerprinting too, so I guess such will never
           | happen.
        
           | zymhan wrote:
           | Those are some rose tinted glasses. Not having to drive a
           | check to the city utility office to pay the power bill is
           | quite the improvement.
        
           | lurking_swe wrote:
           | Based on your comment it sounds like you rarely travel
           | (booking hotel / flights online), don't have mobility issues
           | (ordering groceries / household essentials online), don't
           | participate in online banking (do you write checks? carry
           | cash with you all the time? go to an ATM weekly?), you don't
           | stream movies or tv shows, and you enjoy looking for
           | apartments to rent in your local newspaper listing, and you
           | enjoy using paper maps when traveling around the city and
           | world. I could go on...
           | 
           | literally everything useful works on the business internet.
           | Also how do you think local businesses near you operate? They
           | don't call each like the 1900s lol. They order stock from
           | distributors, some local and some overseas. Often they are
           | doing this on the business internet. Today's global supply
           | chain makes this a non-starter.
           | 
           | It's OK if YOU personally prefer doing everything slowly and
           | in person and don't value the convenience of the business
           | internet. No judgment. But don't pretend this would be an
           | easy transition at all. Or that most people would prefer to
           | live that way.
           | 
           | IMO it would make _way_ more sense to introduce reasonable
           | privacy regulations that are better thought out than GDPR and
           | have proper enforcement.
           | 
           | Maybe a formal "community" version of the internet would be
           | appropriate as well.
        
             | everdrive wrote:
             | >you rarely travel (booking hotel / flights online)
             | 
             | Yes, and I really dislike traveling when I have to. I
             | personally wish that air travel would become unaffordable
             | for most people, including myself.
             | 
             | >don't have mobility issues (ordering groceries / household
             | essentials online)
             | 
             | No, but mobility issues existed before the modern internet.
             | 
             | >don't participate in online banking (do you write checks?
             | carry cash with you all the time? go to an ATM weekly?)
             | 
             | I do online banking, but I also write checks and use cash.
             | I don't use Venmo or similar services. Once I can get ahead
             | of my chores & projects I'm thinking about getting a local
             | branch at a credit union and totally avoiding a banking app
             | on my smart phone.
             | 
             | >you don't stream movies or tv shows
             | 
             | Sometimes, but I'm getting away from it. Interestingly I'm
             | getting a blank screen (but there's still audio) when
             | attempting to stream on Linux. I haven't fully researched
             | it, but some preliminary research suggests that it's anti-
             | Linux blocking. (at least one user reported the problem
             | went away -- in a repeatable fashion -- when switching
             | their use agent to Windows) So although this is not
             | confirmed, I'm preparing for a time when this is
             | unavoidable and I won't stream movies or TV whatsoever at
             | that point.
             | 
             | > and you enjoy looking for apartments to rent in your
             | local newspaper listing
             | 
             | Don't see anything wrong with this. I would actually argue
             | that you don't need authentication in the way discussed in
             | this conversation for this, though -- all you need is the
             | listing, which can be totally anonymous. The actual
             | application for the apartment can happen in person, and
             | that's when verification needs to occur.
             | 
             | >you enjoy using paper maps when traveling around the city
             | and world.
             | 
             | I use an old-fashioned GPS in my car that I paid well over
             | $100 for a number of years ago. There's no tracking
             | whatsoever, unlike the GPS used in a smart phone.
             | 
             | >literally everything useful works on the business
             | internet. >Also how do you think local businesses near you
             | operate? They don't call each like the 1900s lol. They
             | order stock from distributors, some local and some overseas
             | 
             | Except we did fine for most of human history before all
             | this. And I'm sure there were no such think as stock orders
             | or warehouses or supply chains before the modern internet.
             | They cropped up over night the moment the first tracking
             | cookie existed. /s
        
         | johannes1234321 wrote:
         | No. Fingerprinting is a function of the ad network to identify
         | ad-worth aspects of me.
         | 
         | That some aspects may be used to push bots away is a minor
         | effect.
        
           | tzury wrote:
           | I am assuming you are not in the bot mitigation business.
           | 
           | An encrypted cookie from a company such as cloudflare
           | encapsulates a multi dimensional datum such that, generating
           | one in a legitimate browser, and letting a botnet using it
           | will get detected and blocked.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | Note that one very simple mitigation for browser fingerprinting
         | is to simply run different browsers for "the business Internet"
         | and "the fun Internet". You may need to do this anyway, because
         | so many business sites only work on Chrome, with Javascript
         | enabled, no VPN, no adblocker, and pop-ups enabled. But then
         | you might use Chrome (which tracks everything you do anyway)
         | for all your banking, SaaS, government tasks, so they all work,
         | and then say Brave or Opera in an incognito window for all your
         | fun reading. You get the adblocker, you get a different cookie
         | jar for each session, you get easy access to Tor to hide your
         | IP, etc.
         | 
         | Also recommended to have a separate sandbox for "projects" -
         | basically things that you do that each might require their own
         | research, toolchain, files you create, etc. I'd highly
         | recommend doing this in a virtual machine though - oftentimes
         | you need to install apps to do your project work, and that
         | presents its own attack vector. Plus if it's all in a VM you
         | can just backup the VM and start fresh on new hardware without
         | having to install all the dependencies, while if you're just
         | saving random files and backing them up they probably won't
         | work as software gets updated and dependencies get out-of-date.
        
         | baxuz wrote:
         | Not only that, but it's becoming increasingly difficult to get
         | to legitimate data advanced web apps need in order to work
         | properly, or to get legitimate analytics.
         | 
         | Everything is obfuscated. And this is not the situation on iOS
         | and Android.
         | 
         | I am working on multiple products which use webassembly and
         | cameras on mobile devices. It's impossible to reliably know how
         | many workers to spin up, what's the safe memory limit and how
         | much memory the device has, which compile-time optimized bundle
         | to load, which camera to select for ideal focus lengths...
         | 
         | Especially on iOS.
         | 
         | And I often get customer complaints that the product is
         | crashing. Eventually it ends up being a single (iPhone) that
         | needs a restart to stop it from aggressively managing memory in
         | Safari. Fingerprinting a device would solve SO MANY issues. And
         | this is, again, possible on native apps.
        
         | arendtio wrote:
         | > Fingerprinting is often just the immune system of the
         | commercial web trying to verify you are human.
         | 
         | I don't think so.
         | 
         | Yes, it is being used for such purposes, but the older reason
         | for tracking users was the hunger of the ad networks to serve
         | ads with higher impact, and I think 'personalization' is still
         | the big driver here.
        
         | flossposse wrote:
         | > You cannot have a functioning "Business Internet" without
         | identity verification.
         | 
         | Yes, you can. Just like you can have a functioning grocery
         | store without checking the identity of each shopper that walks
         | through the door.
         | 
         | What you cannot have is a free and democratic society or an
         | efficient free market without robust protections for individual
         | privacy. Privacy is the best shield the less powerful have from
         | being abused and exploited by the more powerful.
         | 
         | > We accepted the SLA for the "Business Internet" in exchange
         | for free, billion-dollar tools.
         | 
         | No, we did not accept. There was no informed consent. The full
         | consequences of our use of these services was and is still is
         | kept hidden from us. Tracking happens invisibly, without our
         | knowledge or consent. This deprives us of the opportunity to
         | express our true preference and opt out and choose an
         | alternative. It's employing deception in order to subvert the
         | consumer's ability to make a rational choice that represents
         | their best interests.
         | 
         | > on the modern web, anonymity looks exactly like a security
         | threat
         | 
         | An anonymous user who just uses the service normally and does
         | not attempt to access sensitive information without
         | authorization does not look like a security threat.
        
       | ihucos wrote:
       | yeahh. For me technically it does not make sense for "privacy
       | friendly" web analytics to rely on fingerprinting techniques
       | because the common sentiment seems to be that cookies are bad. At
       | least cookies are easily controllable.
       | 
       | Now shameless adverting: of course I present the solution:
       | https://counter.dev
        
       | domenicd wrote:
       | As someone who used to work on Chrome, I can confirm that browser
       | fingerprinting is indeed a nightmare.
       | 
       | Back in the early days of Privacy Sandbox, before that crashed
       | and burned against the UK CMA not even letting Google remove
       | third-party cookie support [0], there was a lot of optimism about
       | how we were going to completely solve cross-site tracking, even
       | in the face of determined adversaries. This had several
       | ingredients; the biggest ones I can remember are:
       | 
       | 1. Remove third-party cookie support 2. Remove unpartitioned
       | storage support 3. IP protection at scale 4. Solving
       | fingerprinting
       | 
       | In the end, well... at least we got 2, which has some security
       | benefits, even if Chrome gave up on 1, 3, and 4, and thus on
       | privacy. Anyway, everyone could tell that 4 was going to be the
       | hardest.
       | 
       | The closest I saw to an overarching plan was the "privacy budget"
       | proposal [1], which would catalogue all the APIs that could be
       | used for fingerprinting, and start breaking them (or hiding them
       | behind a permission prompt, maybe?) if a site used too many of
       | them in a row. I think most people were pretty skeptical of this,
       | and the main person driving it moved off of Chrome in 2022.
       | Mozilla has an analysis suggesting it's impractical at [2]. Some
       | code seems to still exist! [3]
       | 
       | A key prerequisite of the privacy budget proposal was trying to
       | remove passive fingerprinting surfaces in favor of active ones.
       | That involved removing data that is sent to the server
       | automatically, or freezing APIs like `navigator.userAgent` which
       | are assumed infallible, and then trying to replace them with
       | flows like client hints where the server needed to request data,
       | or promise-based APIs which could more clearly fail or even
       | generate a permissions prompt. This was quite an uphill battle,
       | as web developers (both in ad tech and outside) would fight us
       | every step of the way, because it made various APIs less
       | convenient. Elsewhere people have cited one example, of reducing
       | Accept-Language [4]. The other big one was the user agent client
       | hints headers/API [5], which generated whole new genres of trolls
       | on the W3C forums.
       | 
       | As Privacy Sandbox slumped more and more towards its current
       | defeated state, people backed off from the original vision of a
       | brilliant technical solution that worked even in the face of
       | determined adversaries. Instead they retreated to stances like
       | "if we just make it hard enough to fingerprint, it'll be obvious
       | that fingerprinting scripts are doing something wrong, and we can
       | block those scripts"; see e.g. [6]. Maybe that would have worked,
       | I don't know, but it becomes much more of a cat-and-mouse game,
       | e.g. needing to detect bundled or obfuscated scripts.
       | 
       | And now of course it's all over; the ad tech industry, backed by
       | the UK CMA, has won and forced Google to keep third-party cookies
       | forever, and with those in place, there's not really any point in
       | funding the anti-fingerprinting work, so it's getting wound down
       | [7]. The individual engineers and teams are probably still
       | passionate about launching opt-in or Incognito-only privacy
       | protections, but I doubt that align with product plans. I'm sure
       | Google doesn't mind the end result all that much either, as
       | having to migrate the world to privacy-preserving ad tech was
       | going to be a big lift. Now all that eng power can instead focus
       | on AI instead of privacy.
       | 
       | [0]: https://privacysandbox.com/news/privacy-sandbox-next-steps/
       | 
       | [1]: https://github.com/mikewest/privacy-budget
       | 
       | [2]: https://mozilla.github.io/ppa-docs/privacy-budget.pdf
       | 
       | [3]:
       | https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/36dc3642bee...
       | 
       | [4]: https://github.com/explainers-by-googlers/reduce-accept-
       | lang...
       | 
       | [5]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/User-
       | Agent_...
       | 
       | [6]: https://privacysandbox.google.com/protections/script-
       | blockin...
       | 
       | [7]: https://privacysandbox.com/news/update-on-plans-for-
       | privacy-...
        
       | motbus3 wrote:
       | Visiting a store does not give it the right for someone to stalk
       | you. I don't see any reasons why (apart from the obvious $) this
       | sort of business is not considered illegal. It wouldn't solve all
       | the problems but would drastically reduce the incentives.
       | 
       | I know one particular online car store that shares user data with
       | insurance companies and they use that in their models to compute
       | a "willingness" to pay more for insurance as well as of
       | establishing the user profile. Let's say you look a sports car
       | but you end up buying a family van, they charge you more for
       | that.
       | 
       | The very interesting part is that they create a "customer profile
       | score" they is just a number and sell that number to other
       | companies. So, by pipping your habits they aggregate data and
       | technically do not violate some local laws.8
        
       | michaelbuckbee wrote:
       | Something missed in the continual tracking/privacy discussion is
       | the primary motivations for doing so, with the assumption that
       | it's about advertisers trying to sell you more stuff.
       | 
       | I'm 100% in the need for personal privacy camp, but mention this
       | only because without addressing the underlying issues, it's hard
       | to come up with larger solutions.
       | 
       | And the big issues really come down to fraud and cyber attacks:
       | 
       | - Years ago, the NYTimes was found to be doing some kind of
       | homegrown fingerprinting with canvas. They have plenty of ways of
       | doing analytics and tracking subscribers, they were trying to
       | root out ad fraud.
       | 
       | - When Spotify has people every day putting up AI-generated
       | streams and attempting to "listen" to them with bot networks,
       | they start to look at things like fingerprinting.
       | 
       | - Massive credential stuffing attacks on sites are often thwarted
       | at the technical level by fingerprinting.
       | 
       | - Bot traffic (and in particular AI indexing bots not respecting
       | robots.txt) has shot up dramatically in the last year, and
       | fingerprinting is one of the strongest ways of bot
       | identification.
       | 
       | Again, want the personal privacy, but think we need to fix the
       | professional problems to get there.
        
       | hedgeho wrote:
       | I am planning to write my MSc thesis about the currently broad
       | topic "Future of Open Web. Since I work at a contextual targeting
       | company, I have also aggregated data about traffic to some news
       | sites & contacts in the industry for interviews.
       | 
       | Any particularly interesting angles to this that you wished there
       | was research on?
        
       | egeozcan wrote:
       | I don't agree the search for a technical solution. Fingerprinting
       | is not useful for the small personal website, and when it's
       | useful and abused, there's a 99% chance that there's a network
       | behind. You can audit and control the networks using the law. Why
       | not do that?
       | 
       | It's been obvious for a decade and a half that technical
       | solutions won't be practical to implement.
        
       | DarkmSparks wrote:
       | there are a few more angles to this.
       | 
       | Firstly, on the counter argument side, when you visit a website,
       | you are using their hardware, they have every right to make any
       | requirements they want to use their hardware, they are not public
       | spaces.
       | 
       | But more importantly, the fix is actually easy, use more than one
       | browser, use private browsing sessions, use more than one device,
       | only log in to services you dont mind tracking you, use ad
       | blocking. everywhere. Dont use sites that dont behave. All things
       | you should be doing anyway.
       | 
       | However, I also think the whole concept of browser fingerprinting
       | is exaggerated. None of the things that can be used for
       | fingerprinting are long lived, meaning any fingerprint probably
       | has a shorter life span than the average cookie, and also far
       | less reliable than say an IP address, which absolutely doesnt
       | personally identify you.
       | 
       | meanwhile, it is quite rediculous to log in to all these services
       | with 2FA, then expect any kind of technical or legal measure to
       | prevent them from knowing exactly who you are with 100% accuracy.
       | 
       | Mostly thinking out loud, truly anonymous browsing is a tor node
       | away, but a long time since I used that, there wasn't anything
       | there I was interested in after intel exchange went down.
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | We really need a browser (or several) that aren't effectively
       | controlled by private interests (such as corporations).
       | 
       | Basically they are used as spy-tools. Many anti-features are
       | pushed into them - a simple example is the disable-right-click
       | functionality. I do understand that some of this have a useful
       | functionality (for instance during an exam on-campus-site, to
       | restrict what the students may do), but I always hate that I need
       | e. g. a browser extension just to disable this antifeature.
       | That's a super-simple example; there are many more severe
       | examples such as fingerprint spy-sniffing here.
        
         | ivanjermakov wrote:
         | > a simple example is the disable-right-click functionality
         | 
         | This is a part of a W3C browser spec and every web browser has
         | to implement it. But you're right that people writing the spec
         | work for companies selling web browsers.
        
       | anticristi wrote:
       | How about trying out legal solutions against browser
       | fingerprinting? The European Data Protection Board -- i.e., the
       | union of "GDPR Police" in each EU Member State -- made it clear
       | the fingerprinting violates the ePrivacy Directive.
        
       | packetslave wrote:
       | I have a bit of a different take on browser fingerprinting: I
       | don't want to uniquely identify you as a person so I can serve
       | you ads, or whatever. I want to identify your traffic when you're
       | scraping my content from 2,000 different IP's and 1,000 different
       | user accounts, I can block you or rate limit you without hurting
       | anyone else.
       | 
       | Given the scale of scrapers these days (AI companies with VC
       | money have no problem spinning up thousands of VMs running
       | Chrome), fingerprinting at the browser level is the only
       | realistic option.
       | 
       | (obligatory: my personal opinion, not necessarily my employer's)
        
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