[HN Gopher] New OS aims to provide (some) compatibility with macOS
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       New OS aims to provide (some) compatibility with macOS
        
       Author : kasajian
       Score  : 303 points
       Date   : 2025-11-20 20:24 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | Klonoar wrote:
       | This has been a slow going effort for a few years now, it's not
       | "new".
        
       | skynetv2 wrote:
       | > A BSD-based OS project that aims to provide source and binary
       | compatibility with macOS(r) and a similar user experience.
       | 
       | I am curious - what is the motivation for this project?
       | 
       | Is it to replicate macOS? - If yes, why?
       | 
       | Is it to provide application compatibility on a non-macOS? If
       | yes, why a full OS? Why not take the route like Wine or other
       | such layers that make compatibility possible? Also, is there such
       | a need for running macOS apps on a non-macOS? Who is the target
       | audience?
       | 
       | Would the energy be better spent in making Linux more stable or
       | usable for the general public?
       | 
       | If its just a hobby, sure, that is well & good.
        
         | MangoToupe wrote:
         | I would much rather emulate linux apps on a more stable and
         | consistent OS than vice versa. The sheer number of toolkits and
         | window managers leaves my head spinning, and unifying their
         | behavior even before you can begin to improve it feels like a
         | nightmare.
         | 
         | I personally don't care much about the dock or the look and
         | feel or whatever; I just want access to the usability of macos
         | without having to accept how closed it is.
        
           | astro1138 wrote:
           | If it is no longer closed, it might proliferate just like
           | Linux once it gathers a critical amount of users. :)
        
           | eikenberry wrote:
           | It's hard to get a more consistent and stable kernel than
           | Linux, not counting academic or experimental kernels w/o
           | extensive hardware support.
        
             | MangoToupe wrote:
             | I'm not referring to the kernel at all. It's the morass of
             | the userland--three decades of catering to the expectations
             | of IBM PC/windows users have led to... inconsistent and
             | underwhelming results. If I wanted to use 1980s UX, I would
             | have switched to windows or linux decades ago.
             | 
             | But what am I saying? Consistent emacs bindings across all
             | text forms is actually from the 1970s. Maybe I'm the
             | problem....
        
         | rhet0rica wrote:
         | A lot of these questions are answered here:
         | https://ravynos.com/faq
         | 
         | To summarize...
         | 
         | There is a WINE-analogous project, called Darling:
         | https://www.darlinghq.org/
         | 
         | The goal for ravynOS is to be analogous to ReactOS. Much like
         | ReactOS and WINE, ravynOS and Darling share a lot of Cocoa
         | code.
         | 
         | For the problem of OpenStep implementations specifically, a
         | bespoke software stack has the benefit of being able to put
         | Mach messaging into the kernel, where it is much more
         | performant.
         | 
         | They chose the FreeBSD kernel over Darwin for the sake of
         | hardware compatibility (though of course NeXT Mach is one of
         | the most widely-ported kernels of all time...)
         | 
         | There is also overlap with GNUstep, helloSystem, and other
         | projects in the broader "open-source Mac/NeXT" space, though
         | ravynOS (obviously) prefers BSD/MIT/Apache-style licensing over
         | GNU-style licensing. Nevertheless, ravynOS currently uses the
         | GNUstep libobjc2 runtime, a bit like how most of the Unix world
         | used to depend on gcc.
        
           | 9dev wrote:
           | > There is a WINE-analogous project, called Darling:
           | https://www.darlinghq.org/
           | 
           | Missed opportunity to call it Cider.
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | There's already been a Cider; it used some Wine code to
             | ease porting games to MacOS.
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | For reasons that I do not understand, the company behind
               | Cider pivoted to real estate investing, and got out of
               | the tech field entirely
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | Hard Cider
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | > of course NeXT Mach is one of the most widely-ported
           | kernels of all time...
           | 
           | actually the broader Mach kernel, not specifically the NeXT
           | variant, is the one with a documented history of extensive
           | portability
        
             | linguae wrote:
             | The NeXT variant did run on the following architectures:
             | 
             | 1. Motorola 68k (the original NeXT hardware had 68030 and
             | 68040 chips)
             | 
             | 2. Intel x86 (NeXTSTEP 3.1 for Intel was released in 1993)
             | 
             | 3. HP PA-RISC (I have an OPENSTEP 4.2 CD that can run on
             | Motorola 68k, x86, PA-RISC, and SPARC hardware)
             | 
             | 4. Sun SPARC
             | 
             | 5. 32-bit PowerPC (Rhapsody, the original Mac OS X 1.0 that
             | was essentially still Rhapsody, and of course Mac OS X from
             | Cheetah through Leopard)
             | 
             | 6. 64-bit PowerPC (Power Mac G5 and iMac G5)
             | 
             | 7. Intel x86-64 (starting from Mac OS X Tiger all the way
             | to macOS Tahoe)
             | 
             | 8. 32-bit ARM (iOS on early iPhones with 32-bit ARM chips)
             | 
             | 9. 64-bit ARM
             | 
             | I could be forgetting other platforms, but these are the
             | ones I know from the top of my head.
        
               | rhet0rica wrote:
               | Indeed--I meant specifically the NeXT branch of the
               | family tree because of this exhaustingly long list.
               | 
               | I would very much like to see that quad-fat OS4.2 CD;
               | most NeXT releases around that era drop PA-RISC and are
               | only tri-fat. I only have a 3.3 RISC (HPPA+SPARC) ISO for
               | HPPA coverage.
               | 
               | The big ones you're missing are the Intel i860 (used as a
               | graphics accelerator on NeXTdimension video processing
               | boards--also the original target platform for the Win NT
               | kernel) and the Motorola 88k family, which was briefly
               | explored for the "NeXT RISC machine" in the mid-90s; only
               | one prototype is known to exist. There were non-NeXT
               | ports of Mach to m88k, which may have influenced the
               | decision.
               | 
               | Of course, if we add in the other branches of the Mach
               | family the number of ports gets absurd! It originated on
               | the VAX; OSF/1 adds MIPS and AXP to the list...
               | ultimately RISC-V and Itanium are the only significant
               | >=32-bit CPUs of the last forty years to not see some
               | kind of Mach port.
               | 
               | But--the ultimate point is that the lion's share of
               | actual work porting the kernel to new hardware is thanks
               | to NeXT and/or NeXT cosplaying as Apple.
        
           | cestith wrote:
           | They had chosen a FreeBSD base. The most recent forum posts
           | suggest throwing away most of the FreeBSD base and going with
           | Mach-o. That actually makes their goals of getting to macOS
           | compatibility a bit simpler but it's less interesting to me.
        
         | linguae wrote:
         | I'm not affiliated with ravynOS, but I've been periodically
         | following the project for a few years.
         | 
         | The main page (https://ravynos.com/) expresses the philosophy
         | of ravynOS:
         | 
         | "We love macOS, but we're not a fan of the ever-closing
         | hardware and ecosystem. So, we are creating ravynOS -- an OS
         | aimed to provide the finesse of macOS with the freedom of
         | FreeBSD."
         | 
         | rayvnOS seems to be designed for people who love macOS,
         | particularly its interface, its UI guidelines, and its
         | ecosystem of applications, but who do not like the direction
         | that Apple has moved toward under Tim Cook (soldered RAM,
         | limited and inflexible hardware choices, notarization, iOS-
         | influenced interface changes, increased pushiness with
         | advertising Apple's subscription services, etc.) and who would
         | be unhappy with either Windows or the Linux desktop.
         | 
         | Speaking for myself, I used to daily-drive Macs from 2006
         | through 2021, but I now daily-drive PCs running Windows due
         | primarily to the lack of upgradable RAM in ARM Macs. I'm not a
         | big fan of Windows, but I need some proprietary software
         | packages such as Microsoft Office. This makes switching to
         | desktop Linux difficult.
         | 
         | It would be awesome using what is essentially a community-
         | driven clone of macOS, where I could continue using a Mac-like
         | operating system without needing to worry about Apple's future
         | directions.
         | 
         | On the Unix side of things, I believe the decision to base
         | ravynOS on FreeBSD rather than on Linux may make migrating from
         | macOS to ravynOS easier, since macOS is based on a hybrid
         | Mach/BSD kernel, and since many of the command-line tools that
         | ship with macOS are from the BSDs. This is known as Darwin.
         | It's not that a Mac clone can't be built on top of Linux, but
         | FreeBSD is closer to Darwin than Linux is.
        
           | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
           | So somehow running MacOS in 2025 on hot, loud, horrible
           | battery life x86 based computers is a good thing?
           | 
           | Not to mention x86 Mac apps are not long for this world. I
           | can't think of a single application I would miss moving from
           | Macs to Windows. It's more about the hardware and the
           | integration with the rest of my Apple devices.
        
             | forgetfulness wrote:
             | Notes and Reminders are extremely good at what they do, and
             | the synchronization with their iOS equivalents is flawless
             | from what I can tell... and fat chance you get to uproot
             | such a thing to a non-Apple OS.
             | 
             | Third party apps other than for media editing seem to be
             | rare, I think Apple has gobbled or rug pulled much of its
             | independent software vendor ecosystem.
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | Apple Mail also is in my eyes the only generic mail
               | client out there that really "gets it".
               | 
               | Thunderbird has always felt clunky in comparison and the
               | recent redesign just made it a different kind of clunky.
               | Everything else is either too minimal (Geary), tries to
               | clone old style Outlook (Evolution), or is tied to/favors
               | a particular provider (Gmail, Outlook, etc).
        
               | RussianCow wrote:
               | This. I use Linux as my primary OS (with KDE) and my main
               | complaint, by far, is the email/calendar situation.
               | Mail.app simultaneously _just works_ and gets out of my
               | way, and I haven 't seen a Linux email client come close
               | to replicating that.
               | 
               | Every few years I convince myself I'll create a better
               | email client for Linux, and I always start the project
               | enthusiastically and stop soon after, when I get just far
               | enough to be reminded of how complicated email is. Maybe
               | someday I'll take a sabatical and actually do it...
        
               | andsoitis wrote:
               | > I always start the project enthusiastically and stop
               | soon after, when I get just far enough to be reminded of
               | how complicated email is.
               | 
               | What are some of the things you're thinking of?
        
               | Someone wrote:
               | Is there a reason you cannot clone an existing client
               | with technically solid mail handling and build a new UI
               | on top of it?
        
               | linguae wrote:
               | Come to think of it, it just dawned on me that most of
               | the proprietary Mac programs I've used on Mac OS X/macOS
               | (as opposed to the classic Mac OS) are either from Apple
               | (Preview.app, Dictionary.app, iPhoto/Photos, iTunes/Apple
               | Music, Keynote, iMovie, GarageBand), Microsoft (Office,
               | Teams), or are Electron apps like Zoom and Slack. The
               | only non-Microsoft, non-Electron third-party proprietary
               | applications I've used on my Macs in the past 19 years
               | are from the Omni Group, particularly OmniOutliner (which
               | came bundled with my 2006 MacBook) and OmniGraffle.
               | 
               | It seems that what I miss the most about using a Mac
               | whenever I'm on Windows or Linux is Apple's bundled apps,
               | not necessarily third-party Mac apps since I never used
               | them much to begin with. Makes me think harder.
        
               | raw_anon_1111 wrote:
               | That's what I was implying when I said the integration.
               | 
               | As far as indie apps, BBEdit will survive the heat death
               | of the universe and has made it through every Apple
               | transition since at least System 7 in 1992.
               | 
               | Funny enough, I've only had one Apple computer during
               | each era - an Apple //e (65C02), a Mac LC II (68K), A
               | PowerMac 6100/60 (classic Mac PPC), Mac Mini G4 (OS X
               | PPC), a Core Duo Mac Mini (x86) and now a MacBook M2 Air.
               | 
               | I was never really that interested in x86 Macs and I just
               | bought cheso Windows PCs that I really didn't use that
               | much outside of work except web browsing and back in the
               | day iTunes.
        
               | grvbck wrote:
               | > BBEdit will survive the heat death of the universe
               | 
               | With GraphicConverter by its side.
        
           | adastra22 wrote:
           | This description really resonates with me, so I guess I'm a
           | potential user.
           | 
           | I've been running macOS most of my life. In college I ran
           | Linux on my laptops, but I switched back to macOS as the user
           | experience was better - I could spend far less time messing
           | with things and instead rely on system defaults and first
           | party apps.
           | 
           | Year by year though I feel more like I don't own my computer.
           | I've tried switching back to Linux, but I always give up
           | because despite the freedom, it starts feeling like a chore.
           | Even Asahi Linux on macOS hardware I couldn't get into.
           | 
           | The rayvnOS vision is something I could get behind. A fully
           | packaged, macOS-like user experience, where the default
           | settings are good and things work out of the box. I'd LOVE to
           | have that as on option.
           | 
           | Linux compatibility or even macOS binary compatibility
           | matters less to me than, say, an out of the box Time Machine
           | like backup tool based on ZFS snapshots. So FreeBSD makes
           | sense from that perspective.
        
           | theodric wrote:
           | I guess drivers are important, which is a good reason for
           | choosing FreeBSD :)
           | 
           | It's a shame that OpenDarwin didn't continue. PureDarwin
           | seems to exist, but progress is understandably slow.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin_%28operating_system
           | 
           | https://www.puredarwin.org/#beta
        
           | rollcat wrote:
           | > soldered RAM
           | 
           | Hold on a minute.
           | 
           | It's not "soldered". It's _integrated with the SoC_. The
           | benefit is memory latency and bandwidth.
           | 
           | If you know Framework, their entire mission is to build
           | upgradeable laptops, and they keep delivering. Now they also
           | wanted to build an incredibly powerful, but small and quiet
           | desktop. They went directly to AMD, asked their engineers to
           | make the memory upgradeable. AMD worked really hard and said
           | not possible, not unless you want all of these cores to sit
           | idle.
           | 
           | https://frame.work/blog/framework-desktop-deep-dive-ryzen-
           | ai...
           | 
           | The world has moved on. Just as you no longer have discrete
           | cache chips or discrete FPUs, you can't do discrete memory
           | anymore - unless you don't need that level of performance, in
           | which case CAMM is still an excellent choice.
           | 
           | But that's not what Apple does. M1 redefined the low-end. It
           | will remain a great choice in 5 years, even when macOS kills
           | it off - Asahi remains very decent.
        
             | 4ggr0 wrote:
             | > The world has moved on
             | 
             | we're talking about laptops, right?
        
               | doug-moen wrote:
               | no, they are talking about high performance desktops,
               | mostly. They link to the Framework desktop, which has 256
               | GB/s memory bandwith. For comparison, the Apple Mac Pro
               | has 800 GB/s memory bandwidth. Neither manufacturer is
               | able to achieve these speeds using socketed memory.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | > no, they are talking about high performance desktops
               | 
               | then i don't really get the "world has moved on"-claim.
               | in my bubble socketed RAM is still the way to-go, be it
               | for gaming or graphics work. of course Apple-user will
               | use a Mac Pro, but saying that the world _has_ moved on
               | when it 's about high-performance, deluxe edge-cases is a
               | bit hyperbolic.
               | 
               | but maybe my POV is very outdated or whatever, not sure.
        
               | everforward wrote:
               | I think, but am not totally positive, this is primarily a
               | concern for local LLM hardware. There are probably other
               | niches, but I don't it's something most people need or
               | would noticeably benefit from.
        
         | kombine wrote:
         | I have the same sentiment. I am forced to use a MacBook in my
         | new job while waiting for them to procure a laptop that I can
         | put Linux on. I can say that Linux with KDE Plasma desktop is
         | in almost every way superior to Mac OS. Much better UX,
         | configurability and core applications. And even little things
         | are more polished and thought through compared to what a
         | trillion dollar company was able to produce. It's really beyond
         | me how people use Apple products, and it's the absolute
         | majority of them in my field.
        
           | cosmic_cheese wrote:
           | "Better" is largely subjective. For some (including myself),
           | a Windows-like paradigm like KDE uses is not desirable, and
           | UI papercuts like the many that KDE has are highly visible.
        
             | kombine wrote:
             | I don't keep the record of every thing that I don't like
             | about MacOS, but here's some:
             | 
             | - cannot keep natural scrolling for trackpad whilst having
             | the expected scrolling behaviour for the mouse
             | 
             | - needs an external app for fractional display scaling
             | 
             | - screenshot tool is objectively inferior to that in
             | Plasma, eg. not clear how to annotate a screenshot or copy
             | it to clipboard
             | 
             | - Dolphin file browser is has cleaner and simpler UI, is
             | more configurable and has a built-in terminal which is
             | super handy.
             | 
             | ...
        
               | darrenf wrote:
               | Can't comment on the others but I copy screenshots to the
               | clipboard multiple times a day in macOS and have done for
               | years. Very frequently I send them via Screen Sharing to
               | another Mac and paste there, something I value hugely.
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | Dolphin is one of the things about KDE that bothers me,
               | due to the way its windows are laid out and how they use
               | margins/spacing. It just feels "wrong" in a way that even
               | most other Linux file managers (including more full
               | featured ones that still have a menubar) don't.
        
               | al_borland wrote:
               | macOS has markup tools for screenshots (or any image)
               | built right into Quicklook and Preview. It's not as rich
               | as something like SnagIt, but it's good enough for adding
               | some text, arrows, shapes, redactions, etc.
        
               | rollcat wrote:
               | > needs an external app for fractional display scaling
               | 
               | Huh? I go to Settings -> Displays -> Advanced -> Show
               | resolutions as list -> Show all resolutions -> you can
               | literally pick *whatever* your screen will advertise?
               | 
               | *Maybe* that's one or two clicks too many? Arguably you
               | don't want non-technical users to accidentally set up
               | blurry text.
        
               | swiftcoder wrote:
               | > - screenshot tool is objectively inferior to that in
               | Plasma, eg. not clear how to annotate a screenshot or
               | copy it to clipboard
               | 
               | I'm not sure what to make of this. When you take a
               | screenshot (i.e. via cmd-shift-3 or cmd-shift-4), right
               | there in the window that pops up are the annotation tools
               | and a button to copy to clipboard?
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | You can also screenshot directly to the clipboard by
               | adding control to the keyboard shortcut (e.g. control-
               | shift-command-3).
        
             | OhMeadhbh wrote:
             | There are objective criteria that macOS definitely fails
             | at. Various government agencies here in the states can't
             | use macs even if they wanted to due to lack of #a11y
             | support or the ability to load their own root cert stores.
             | 
             | I agree with you that for MOST people, MOST of the
             | complaints boil down to "I just don't like the Mac UX," but
             | there are organizations that cannot tolerate the risk of
             | forcing employees to use equipment that doesn't follow even
             | the basics of section 508 or DoD guidance.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | What accessibility is it missing?
        
               | mrkstu wrote:
               | You can import new roots via Keychain, correct?
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | Yes.
        
               | OhMeadhbh wrote:
               | You can't install roots for all apps, notably the app
               | store. Various government agencies occasionally like to
               | install apps that are not web apps.
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | I'm not sure I understand. What software do they expect
               | to install via the App Store that can't be installed with
               | the Apple's root certificates? Apple signs everything
               | listed on the App Store, does it not?
               | 
               | Also, why would they need the App Store to distribute
               | software signed by their own keys anyway?
        
               | ricardobeat wrote:
               | That is a quite strange reason, as Mac and iOS have _by
               | far_ the most investment in accessibility of any system.
               | The amount of accessibility features both systems have is
               | bewildering.
               | 
               | Every company using Macs I've ever worked for has MDM and
               | their own root certs, that's basic device management. Are
               | you thinking of something else?
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | I use KDE _because_ it lets me emulate a macOS-like
             | paradigm better than Gnome or other options can.
        
               | rollcat wrote:
               | Tried it for a while, it was death by a thousand
               | papercuts.
               | 
               | I wanted the Konsole theme to stay in sync with system
               | light/dark theme. I ended up writing a pair of .desktop
               | files and a helper program to talk to DBus.
               | 
               | I want to use my computer, not configure it.
        
           | slashdave wrote:
           | Except for the trackpad, alas.
        
           | OhMeadhbh wrote:
           | Just curious... did your employer agree to getting you a
           | Lennucks Bocks 'cause you asked nice or were they frightened
           | of running afoul of one of the many #a11y or security
           | evaluation frameworks?
        
             | syspec wrote:
             | You keep mentioning that in this thread, but a11y on a Mac
             | is considered the gold standard.
             | 
             | Security on a Mac, the same (SIP, Keychain, Secure Enclave,
             | great tools for fleet management)
             | 
             | What specifically is in violation of "#a11y or security
             | evaluation frameworks"?
        
               | OhMeadhbh wrote:
               | #a11y in Mac used to be a gold standard. And FedPack in
               | the 2000s made MacOS-X a good alternative to the
               | confusing jumble tha was windows security. This is not
               | the case in 2025.
        
               | syspec wrote:
               | Source: "trust me bro"
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | Lucky, here Linux lives on servers, or desktop VMs.
        
         | andai wrote:
         | It would be great if it runs on mac too. macOS doesn't have
         | much compatibility with itself.
        
         | gs17 wrote:
         | > Also, is there such a need for running macOS apps on a non-
         | macOS?
         | 
         | Arguably there's a need for running macOS apps on macOS even.
         | E.g. my parents are stuck having an old Intel Mac Pro around on
         | an old OS for a few 32-bit programs (not sure if it changed,
         | but IIRC you couldn't run an OS that supported them as a VM on
         | Apple Silicon). Pretty soon Rosetta 2 will go away as well.
        
         | mtillman wrote:
         | Mac OS without the background ads garbage or the constant
         | blocking of call-home requests would be nice.
        
           | platevoltage wrote:
           | Where are you seeing ads?
        
             | mtillman wrote:
             | Maps, news, stocks are all installed by default and
             | supported by ads. Opting out eliminates personalization.
             | One needs to install an app like lulu to block background
             | calls even with personalization turned off. This started
             | with the twitter integration many years again and while
             | social is no longer tightly integrated, the philosophy
             | around user fingerprinting "while not being tied to your
             | identity" is still very much alive and well in a default
             | macOS install.
        
               | cestith wrote:
               | That's all ad-supported shovelware. I use a Mac all day
               | long for work. I never use Maps, News, or Stocks. I also
               | don't use Weather, Music, Mail, Pages, Numbers, FaceTime,
               | Keynotes, Contacts, Reminders, Photo Booth, Books,
               | Dictionary, Stickies, Voice Memos, AppleTV, GarageBand,
               | or Image Playground.
               | 
               | I do use Preview quite a bit. I sometimes use TextEdit,
               | Terminal, or Safari, but I more often use Vim, iTerm2,
               | Firefox, DuckDuckGo Browser, or sometimes Chrome.
               | 
               | It helps not to judge a whole OS by three free apps
               | included with it. Microsoft meanwhile puts ads in the
               | main menu and in the task bar. I wouldn't be surprised if
               | the Windows desktop wallpaper on the Home editions become
               | ads.
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | There aren't any ads in Maps - at least, not yet.
        
           | deva502 wrote:
           | what are you smoking ?
        
           | ramon156 wrote:
           | Spelled windows wrong
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > Would the energy be better spent in making Linux more stable
         | or usable for the general public?
         | 
         | Linux is stable and widely used, whether as Android, Ubuntu,
         | WSL on Windows or Crostini on ChromeOS (itself Linux under the
         | hood).
         | 
         | The general public buy _products_ like Macs, Lenovos, Steam
         | Decks, Chromebooks or Frameworks. Nobody buys a  "Linux".
         | 
         | Linux and it's ecosystem are _features_ of those products, not
         | products themselves.
        
           | tsimionescu wrote:
           | Obviously the idea was about a Linux desktop - whether that
           | means investment in toolkits like Gnome, KDE, core infra like
           | X11 or Wayland, or distributions like Debian.
        
             | danans wrote:
             | Yes, but Linux's desktop environment(s) is a _feature_ of a
             | product, not a product itself. You can see that Framework
             | themselves markets Linux that way: https://frame.work/linux
             | 
             | If the goal is to make the Linux desktop more popular with
             | the general public as the previous comment suggested, then
             | you must create a product built exclusively around it that
             | is marketed to the general public. There doesn't seem to be
             | much interest in this
        
       | opengrass wrote:
       | Can it run stock macOS programs like Photos? I want a non-chaotic
       | way to import my old fart's iPhone galleries without a Mac Mini
       | (HEIC and Lives are annoying), and docker-osx/vm's don't work for
       | everyone.
        
         | prmoustache wrote:
         | They say source-compatible, not binary-compatible.
         | 
         | GNUstep failed to get traction, I doubt they can do much
         | better.
        
         | darkwater wrote:
         | It's a totally different path but you could try Immich to do
         | that.
        
       | daniel_iversen wrote:
       | This is so cool, the little mini screenshots look gorgeous
       | because it replicates MacOS. I'm not sure if a lot of people feel
       | the same but over the years I always thought it was a shame that
       | Linux' overall UX and aesthetics seemed a little bit more rushed
       | and "crowd sourced" (in the sense that it felt diverse in terms
       | of ui opinions and taste etc). It almost makes me want to try
       | Linux again just for that look and feel (because I love my Mac's
       | but would like something different and more free)
        
         | niek_pas wrote:
         | > the little mini screenshots look gorgeous because it
         | replicates MacOS.
         | 
         | I have the opposite reaction. To me the screenshots look like
         | someone tried to replicate macOS but failed. The text
         | antialiasing is off, the font is different (and worse), the
         | border-radii on menus are off, etc.
         | 
         | Besides, the actual screenshots of the current OS
         | (https://ravynos.com/screenshots) are... really rough.
        
           | 4ggr0 wrote:
           | i didn't expect it to look so...dated[0]? the things are
           | approximately where they are on MacOS, but it looks like
           | Window 2000/ME/98.
           | 
           | [0]or retro, for anyone who's offended by me calling it
           | dated.
        
         | mig39 wrote:
         | To me, it looks a lot like Uncanny Valley macOS. Yes, it's
         | macOS, but something's just not right. Maybe the fonts don't
         | look right, or the spacing of the icons on the dock?
        
         | nogridbag wrote:
         | Those mini screenshots do not look like anything like what's in
         | the "Screenshots" section:
         | 
         | https://imgur.com/a/svQaeCa
        
           | daniel_iversen wrote:
           | Wow that looks very different to what's on the front page!
           | Where did you find that and where can we see how it really
           | looks then?
        
       | linguae wrote:
       | I've been paying attention to this project periodically over the
       | past few years. It would be nice to have a FOSS clone of macOS,
       | similar to how FreeDOS, ReactOS, and Haiku are FOSS clones of MS-
       | DOS, Windows, and BeOS, respectively.
       | 
       | The only thing is that this project has been quite slow going,
       | which is similar to the histories of FreeDOS, ReactOS, and Haiku,
       | where it took a long time for those projects to get to a usable
       | state. It is a lot of work cloning an operating system,
       | especially with an aim for binary compatibility. The Linux kernel
       | benefited from the fact that there was an entire GNU ecosystem of
       | tools that can run on Unix, and even in that case, the GNU
       | ecosystem was seven years in the making in 1991 when the first
       | version of the Linux kernel was released. It would've taken much
       | longer for Linux to have been developed had GNU tools not
       | existed.
       | 
       | Writing an entire operating system is long, hard work, even when
       | provided the resources of companies like Microsoft, Apple, and
       | Google. Hopefully projects like ravynOS and the similar
       | HelloSystem (https://hellosystem.github.io/docs/) will lead to
       | FOSS clones of macOS eventually, even if we need to wait another
       | 5-10 years.
        
         | wwweston wrote:
         | Sometimes it strikes me that something like this might be one
         | of the better litmus tests for AI -- if it's really good enough
         | to start 10x-ing engineers (let alone replacing them) it should
         | be more common for more projects like this _should_ begin to
         | accelerate to practical usability.
         | 
         | If not, maybe the productivity dividends are mostly shallow.
        
           | adastra22 wrote:
           | This was my thought here as well. Getting one piece of
           | software to match another piece of software is something that
           | agentic AI tools are _really_ good at. Like, the one area
           | where they are truly better than humans.
           | 
           | I expect that with the right testing framework setup and
           | accessible to Claude Code or Codex, you could iterate your
           | way to full system compatibility in a mostly automated way.
           | 
           | If anyone on the team is interested in doing this, I'd love
           | to speak to them.
        
           | MangoToupe wrote:
           | Sure. In the meantime productivity is still useful.
        
           | atherton94027 wrote:
           | The problem is that many of these clean room
           | reimplementations require contributors to not have seen any
           | of the proprietary source. You can't guarantee that with ai
           | because who knows which training data was used
        
             | soared wrote:
             | Are those OSes actually that strict about contributors?
             | That's got to be impossible to verify and I've only seen
             | clean room stuff when a competitor is straight up copying
             | another competitor and doesn't want to get sued
        
               | pseudalopex wrote:
               | ReactOS froze development to audit their code.[1]
               | Circumstantial evidence was enough to call code not
               | clean. WINE are strict as well. It is impossible to
               | verify beyond all doubt of course.
               | 
               | [1] https://reactos.org/wiki/Audit
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | We should add that the Windows source leaked, thus
               | ReactOS had to be extra careful regarding contributions.
        
             | platevoltage wrote:
             | I had never thought of this until now. Is the clean-room
             | approach officially done with? I guess we have to wait for
             | a case to be ruled on.
        
             | skissane wrote:
             | > You can't guarantee that with ai because who knows which
             | training data was used
             | 
             | There are no guarantees in life, but with macOS you can
             | know it is rather unlikely any AI was trained on (recent)
             | Apple proprietary source code - because very little of it
             | has been leaked to the general public - and if it hasn't
             | leaked to the general public, the odds are low any
             | mainstream AI would have been trained on it. Now,
             | significant portions of macOS have been open-sourced - but
             | presumably it is okay for you to use that under its open
             | source license - and if not, you can just compare the AI-
             | generated code to that open source code to evaluate
             | similarity.
             | 
             | It is different for Windows, because there have been
             | numerous public leaks of Windows source code, splattered
             | all over GitHub and other places, and so odds are high a
             | mainstream AI has ingested that code during training (even
             | if only by accident).
             | 
             | But, even for Windows - there are tools you can use to
             | compare two code bases for evidence of copying - so you can
             | compare the AI-generated reimplementation of Windows to the
             | leaked Windows source code, and reject it if it looks too
             | similar. (Is it legal to use the leaked Windows source code
             | in that way? Ask a lawyer-is someone violating your
             | copyright if they use your code to do due diligence to
             | ensure they're not violating your copyright? Could be "fair
             | use" in jurisdictions which have such a concept-although
             | again, ask a lawyer to be sure. And see A.V. ex rel.
             | Vanderhye v. iParadigms, L.L.C., 562 F.3d 630 (4th Cir.
             | 2009))
             | 
             | In fact, I'm pretty sure there are SaaS services you can
             | subscribe to which will do this sort of thing for you, and
             | hence they can run the legal risk of actually possessing
             | leaked code for comparison purposes rather than you having
             | to do it directly. But this is another expense which an
             | open source project might not be able to sustain.
             | 
             | Even for Windows - the vast majority of the leaked Windows
             | code is >20 years old now - so if you are implementing some
             | brand new API, odds of accidentally reusing leaked Windows
             | code is significantly reduced.
             | 
             | Other options: decompile the binary, and compare the
             | decompiled source to the AI-generated source. Or compile
             | the AI-generated source and compare it to the Windows
             | binary (this works best if you can use the exact same
             | compiler, version and options as Microsoft did, or as close
             | to the same as is manageable.)
        
               | throawayonthe wrote:
               | yknow what would be funny, if a project like ReactOS or
               | WINE relied on the Copilot Copyright Commitment[0] for
               | protection against _microsoft_ lawyers
               | 
               | [0]https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-
               | issues/2023/09/07/copilot...
               | 
               | (though they definitely should not lol)
        
             | mxkopy wrote:
             | I've been thinking a long time about using AI to do binary
             | decompilation for this exact purpose. Needless to say we're
             | short of a fundamental leap forward from doing that
        
           | willtemperley wrote:
           | The organisational bottleneck still remains though. People
           | need to discuss and coordinate at human speed.
           | 
           | I think AI will likely create more fragmentation initially,
           | if a 10x developer is forced to run at 0.1x they're going to
           | fork a project.
           | 
           | I believe in the AI 10x developer, but I suspect it only
           | works for individuals or small teams at the moment.
        
             | aussieguy1234 wrote:
             | In an actual business environment, you are right that its
             | not a 10x gain, more like 1.5-2x. Most of my job as an
             | engineer is gathering and understanding requirements,
             | testing, managing expectations, making sure everyone is on
             | the same page etc...it seems only 10-20% is writing actual
             | code. If I do get AI to write some code, I still need to do
             | all of these other things.
             | 
             | I have used it for my solo startups much more effectively,
             | no humans to get in the way. I've used AI to replace things
             | like designers and the like that I didn't have to hire (nor
             | did I have the funds for that).
             | 
             | I can build mini AI agents with my engineering skills for
             | simple non-engineering tasks that might otherwise need a
             | human specialist.
        
           | TheDong wrote:
           | There's also a cost problem here.
           | 
           | Who's paying $30 to run an AI agent to run a single
           | experiment that has a 20% chance of success?
           | 
           | On large code-bases like this, where a lot of context gets
           | pulled in, agents start to cost a lot very quickly, and open
           | source projects like this are usually quite short on money.
        
             | fooker wrote:
             | > Who's paying $30 to run an AI agent to run a single
             | experiment that has a 20% chance of success?
             | 
             | Someone who stands to make or save (significantly) more
             | than 150$ if it's successful.
             | 
             | It doesn't have to be an unemployed contributer or student.
             | Someone deploying it on a data center is the archetype
             | you're looking for.
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | I have the unpopular opinion that like I have witness in
           | person the transition from Assembly into high level
           | languages, eventually many tasks that we manually write
           | programs for, will be done with programable agents of some
           | sort.
           | 
           | In an AI driven OS, there will be less need for bare bones
           | "classical" programming, other than the AI infrastructure.
           | 
           | Now is this possible today, not really as the misteps from
           | Google, Apple and Microsoft are showing, however eventually
           | we might be there with a different programming paradigm.
           | 
           | Having LLMs generate code is a transition step, just like we
           | run to Compiler Explorer to validate how good the compiler
           | optimizer happens to be.
        
       | Alifatisk wrote:
       | The website looks sleek, I get the impression that the ui for the
       | os will be the same. But then when I look at the screenshots, it
       | look like macOS stuck in 2008.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | The Mac UI only got worse after that.
        
           | rogerrogerr wrote:
           | Nah. Mavericks was peak.
        
         | MangoToupe wrote:
         | Who cares about sleekness? Linux has looked sleek for decades
         | but still behaves like ass
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | "Looks sleek" was only ever a surface level reason why macOS
           | was a good UI. Far more important was that it was highly
           | opinionated, and those opinions were very consistently
           | applied, resulting in a highly predictable interface.
           | 
           | This has been degrading over the past decade, unfortunately.
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | Opinionated design is a big one, but another that's equally
             | as big and even more unusual in the Linux world is
             | _progressive disclosure_.
             | 
             | It basically amounts to adding lots of little power user
             | features, but placing them ever so slightly out of the way
             | so that newbies and less technical users don't get
             | overwhelmed, but they're still within reach of those who
             | can make use of them and reveal themselves as users grow
             | and become more technically capable.
             | 
             | Linux desktops tend to take a much more binary approach:
             | ultra-minimalist and stripped back so far that even iPadOS
             | is more capable out of the box (GNOME) or everything and
             | the kitchen sink on full display (KDE).
        
             | MangoToupe wrote:
             | So long as they don't take my emacs keybindings away, they
             | can do whatever they want.
        
           | 4ggr0 wrote:
           | > still behaves like ass
           | 
           | huh?
        
       | andai wrote:
       | https://ravynos.com/screenshots.html
        
       | steeleduncan wrote:
       | It doesn't seem to be their focus, but this could be amazing for
       | macOS build machines, and servers. There have been a number of
       | changes in recent years focussed on improving the security of
       | macOS when used as a Desktop OS. These work well for their
       | intended purpose, but they have made macOS harder and harder to
       | deploy headlessly, and use as a server.
       | 
       | I hope to see this become an open source OS that runs the full
       | xcode command line suite, deploys easily to headless machines,
       | and inherits FreeBSD's server hardware compatibility.
        
       | randyfox wrote:
       | Why is every new OS project just a rehash of 60/70's tech. What
       | about something new that actually attempts to move the field
       | forward.
        
         | ape4 wrote:
         | How about the immutable OSes like Fedora Silverblue
        
         | linguae wrote:
         | My dream is to work on an operating system that at least gets
         | us to the 1990s and 2000s when it comes to research ideas.
         | 
         | I have a soft spot for the Smalltalk-80 environment and Lisp
         | machines. They had a single address space. In my opinion, the
         | two most interesting things about these environments are (1)
         | their facilitation for component-based software based on live,
         | dynamic objects, and (2) the malleability of the system, where
         | every aspect of the system can be modified by the user in real
         | time.
         | 
         | Of course, a critical downside of Smalltalk-80 and Lisp machine
         | environments is the lack of security; any piece of code can
         | modify the system. There are two solutions to this that I'm
         | thinking about: (1) capability-based security for objects in
         | the system, and (2) work on single-address space operating
         | systems that still have memory protection (Opal was a research
         | system that had this design; see _Sharing and Protection in a
         | Single-Address-Space Operating System_ [Chase et al. 1994]).
         | 
         | One of the nice things about Lisp is its metaprogramming
         | facilities, from macros to the metaobject protocol.
         | Metaprogramming makes it feasible to implement domain-specific
         | languages that make expressing problems more aligned to their
         | domains.
         | 
         | During the late 2000s and early 2010s, Alan Kay's Viewpoints
         | Research Institute had a project named STEPS that investigated
         | the pervasive use of DSLs to implement an entire desktop
         | environment. They did not use Lisp as a substrate, but they did
         | use OMeta (https://tinlizzie.org/ometa/) for handling parsing
         | expression grammars (PEGs), which are used to describe many of
         | the systems in STEPS. Two DSLs that immediately come to mind
         | are one for describing the 2D graphics system and another for
         | describing TCP.
         | 
         | So now I've described my dream substrate: a single-address
         | operating system with capability-based security, where each
         | subsystem is expressed as a live object, ideally coded in a
         | DSL.
         | 
         | Now comes the interface. The programmer's interface would be
         | similar to Smalltalk-80 and Lisp machines, with a live REPL for
         | interactive coding. All objects can be accessed
         | programmatically by sending messages to them. The end-user
         | interface would be heavily based on the classic Mac OS, and
         | applications would conform to human interface guidelines
         | similar to System 7.5, but with some updates to reflect usage
         | patterns and lessons in UI/UX that weren't known at the time.
         | Application software would be similar to the OpenDoc vision,
         | where components can be combined based on the user's wishes.
         | 
         | The end result sounds like a synthesis of various Apple
         | projects from the late 1980s until 1996: component-based
         | applications backed by a live object system with capability-
         | based security.
         | 
         | This is my dream and is a side project I'd love to create.
        
           | jjuran wrote:
           | If you're okay with a System 6 appearance, I've already made
           | one <https://github.com/jjuran/metamage_1/tree/master/68k/mod
           | ules...>, for Advanced Mac Substitute
           | <https://www.v68k.org/ams/>.
           | 
           | I do appreciate Alan Kay's thinking, in particular his talk
           | "Normal Considered Harmful"
           | <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvmTSpJU-Xc>
           | 
           | My own high-level language, Varyx, has somewhat LISPy
           | internals and is very dynamic -- for example, you can
           | annotate a variable with a type that's determined only at run
           | time -- and has an eval() that insulates the caller from the
           | payload and vice versa. You can sequester mutable state
           | within a closure, which can't be cracked open. Using an
           | experimental Varyx build with some bindings for Apple's Core
           | Graphics API, I wrote a script that rendered an arrow cursor
           | (which I donated to the ravynOS project).
           | 
           | Perhaps we should talk. :-)
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | I share the sentiment, which is why someone I ended up
           | gravitating around technologies somehow related to it like
           | Java, .NET, and the related languages on their ecosystems.
           | 
           | Also why despite not agreeing how Google went down with Java
           | in Android, I appreciate their approach, because this kind of
           | platforms apparently only get adoption with such kind of hard
           | pushes, otherwise it would be yet another tiny UNIX clone.
           | 
           | Ironically is probably the closest we have on the market from
           | Inferno/Limbo ideas on a mainstream OS.
        
           | __d wrote:
           | So ... is this MallowOS?
        
         | lathiat wrote:
         | I would argue that iPadOS (built on iPhone's coat tails) moved
         | the field forward significantly in terms of isolation and user
         | security.
         | 
         | While this has left a long tail of inconveniences, many
         | resolved and some not, I am very confident that using 1 app on
         | my iPhone/iPad will not leak data to another in any case that I
         | am likely to care about as a non-significantly interesting
         | person (political figure, etc).
         | 
         | ... and for those people Apple even makes lockdown mode to move
         | the bar, while acknowledging it adds extra inconvenience:
         | https://support.apple.com/en-au/105120
         | 
         | I have no such confidence about macOS, Linux or Windows, in
         | fact the reverse. macOS has done the best at trying to bolt on
         | some sandboxing (and linux has it too) but that's still very
         | holey and not all-in like iOS/iPadOS has ended up.
         | 
         | Yes, I know there have been many bugs and leaks in iOS but the
         | security level is far and above the desktops currently, and
         | designed that way from the ground up. So when they finally make
         | something work like copy and paste or sharing between apps,
         | etc... it's by and large done very well.
         | 
         | It's been very difficult to add that kind of thing to Linux
         | because you're trying to do the reverse and lock things down
         | and it breaks everything... making it very challenging.. as
         | opposed to Apple where basically nothing useful worked at the
         | start (no copy/paste, one app at a time, no meaningful
         | filesystem, etc).. but managed to get the product successful in
         | the limited state and has slowly unlocked that stuff over time.
         | Admittedly very slowly.
         | 
         | I cannot speak for Android as I just have never used it or
         | surrounded myself in info about it's design, security, etc.. it
         | may well be very similar although they from my casual
         | observation seemed to do a much worse job at granular privacy
         | permissions (e.g. for the longest time permissions were all
         | granted at install time, and so many apps want so many most
         | people are blind to it.. as opposed to Apple's model where even
         | if notarised for something on the app store in most cases you
         | have to agree to it when the app first uses it.. I know they
         | fixed that a while back but I have no idea how well things have
         | transitioned to that now). As a very techy person deeply
         | knowledge in many things, and using desktop Linux since 2002,
         | it's kindof a hilarious personal failing that I have never used
         | Android.. I really should try and resolve that at some point.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | > _While this has left a long tail of inconveniences, many
           | resolved and some not, I am very confident that using 1 app
           | on my iPhone /iPad will not leak data to another in any case
           | that I am likely to care about as a non-significantly
           | interesting person (political figure, etc)._
           | 
           | Log in to YouTube with one Google account. Log in to Google
           | Drive with a different one.
           | 
           | Google knows that both accounts are owned by the same person,
           | because Apple lets Google's apps access the data of the
           | others on the same system.
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | I don't think it's something special that Google is doing.
             | I suspect they are just using the built-in _App Groups_
             | functionality.
             | 
             | Basically, it's a way for different apps from the same
             | developer to share information via a data container.
        
         | TowerTall wrote:
         | Microsoft came close with Midori but bailed out and canned the
         | product just before it should have been released in alfa / beta
         | 1
         | 
         | > Midori is an experimental managed code operating system that
         | was in development until 2015. A joint effort by Microsoft and
         | Microsoft Research, it had been reported to be a possible
         | commercial implementation of the OS Singularity, a research
         | project begun in 2003 to build a highly dependable OS whose
         | kernel, device drivers, and application software would all be
         | written in managed code. It was designed for concurrency, and
         | would run a program spread across multiple nodes at once.[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midori_(operating_system)
         | 
         | https://joeduffyblog.com/2015/11/03/blogging-about-midori/
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | Mostly because of internal politics, it was used in
           | production for Bing.
           | 
           | > While never reaching commercial release, at one time Midori
           | powered all of Microsoft's natural language search service
           | for the West Coast and Asia.
           | 
           | From https://www.microsoft.com/en-
           | us/research/project/singularity...
           | 
           | Enjoy this recording of an internal presentation, while it is
           | still available on YouTube,
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37WgsoZpf3k
           | 
           | Joe Duffy also did a few presentations, on one of them (too
           | lazy to search for the exact moment), he mentions that even
           | with Midori running in front of them, the Windows team was
           | very sceptical of it,
           | 
           | "RustConf 2017 - Closing Keynote: Safe Systems Software and
           | the Future of Computing by Joe Duffy"
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuD7SCqHB7k
           | 
           | "Safe Systems Programming in C# and .NET"
           | 
           | https://www.infoq.com/presentations/csharp-systems-
           | programmi...
        
         | delfinom wrote:
         | It takes an astronomical amount of work to not only write an OS
         | but handle 30 years worth of both hardware, and lessons
         | learned.
         | 
         | People do write new OSes from scratch all the time, you can see
         | the result of no popularity/usage because they can't do much
         | for even enthusiasts.
         | 
         | Not to mention, if you want users, you need apps, and that
         | involves trying to run what already exists or making it as easy
         | as possible to port. All of that shapes the OS.
        
         | ethin wrote:
         | Because writing even a remotely modern OS is really really
         | hard. I speak from experience. Even getting old hardware from
         | the 90s and early 00s to work is a pain. Then of course you
         | have the more modern standards (although even SATA is still
         | modern for some definition of modern, but AHCI is a nightmare),
         | and then you have things like modern NICs and GPUs which has
         | documentation that is very hard to find, or in the case of even
         | modern Intel GPUs, documentation that is 13 plus volumes and is
         | absolutely massive... And the list just goes on and on and on.
         | Before you know it your codebase is 100k LoC and like 80-90
         | percent of it is device drivers alone. And if you thought all
         | that was bad, wait until you get into ACPI...
         | 
         | Yeah. OS dev is, I think it's safe to say, the hardest and most
         | difficult project a software engineer could do, right alongside
         | a modern compiler if you ditched LLVM and decided to make your
         | own backend.
        
           | platevoltage wrote:
           | Even Apple got to a point where they needed to acquire
           | another company because they hit a brick wall with MacOS.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Copland's failure wasn't a technology one.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Because many open an UNIX book, and rather copy what was
         | already done.
         | 
         | Note that Smalltalk, Interlisp-D, Mesa, Cedar, safe systems
         | programming are also 60/70's tech, but these ones hardly anyone
         | bothers to copy in such attempts.
        
       | ctslypsmstc wrote:
       | The RavynOS project would have a good chance at being binary
       | compatible with Mac OSX if it copied all the Darwin libraries
       | from the Darling project and used LLVM to generate all the
       | appropriate dylibs. That's something I would support and
       | contribute to. It could get to the point where it could run macOS
       | console based applications.
       | 
       | But if macOS binary compatibility is not the goal, then there's
       | no need for a Mach-O loader - it brings nothing to the table.
       | Just use ELF binaries. Although at that point there's nothing
       | macOS about it - it's just a Mac-like UI facade for FreeBSD
       | distro with a different API. If Ravyn doesn't want to be to macOS
       | like WINE is to Windows, I don't see the point.
        
         | stephenr wrote:
         | > copied all the Darwin libraries from the Darling project and
         | used LLVM to generate all the appropriate dylibs
         | 
         | I'm just starting for the day and misread that as "...used LLM
         | to generate...", and I wondered what kind of crack you were
         | smoking.
        
           | simondotau wrote:
           | In future, your OS will be an agentic LLM which runs software
           | by YOLOing the binaries, and then continuously fixing and
           | refining the environment until it runs without crashing.
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Frankly I was a bit surprised that was not what they were
         | doing. As a user I'd prefer a "mere" macOS UI on top of
         | FreeBSD, so long as its quality is of the same. Use Darling as
         | a compatibility loader, like WINE/Proton in SteamOS.
        
       | wowczarek wrote:
       | This is all nice and well, while
       | https://www.puredarwin.org/wiki/#/news/Support-Cliff-Sekel
       | 
       | Wouldn't it be more natural if this project made use of
       | XNU/Darwin... But with the way things are going, with XNU going
       | more and more proprietary, I suppose FreeBSD is "close enough".
       | In any case, there's nothing we can do about it but these "macOS"
       | alternatives are too fragmented. I would love to see "The" macOS
       | clone.
        
         | fithisux wrote:
         | I think the idea is take what you can and evolve.
         | 
         | Keeping it x86_64 for now makes sense in many respects.
         | 
         | But it could become a real uKernel OS in the long run.
        
         | jjuran wrote:
         | You're in luck:
         | <https://github.com/ravynsoft/ravynos/discussions/529>
         | 
         | ravynOS is moving to Darwin.
        
           | wowczarek wrote:
           | Oh, nice!
        
       | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
       | If you don't provide CoreFoo (for Foo in *), there's not really
       | much point in talking about compatibility with macOS. I see no
       | sign that they provide any of the possible CoreFoo
       | libraries/frameworks.
        
       | diebillionaires wrote:
       | i'd do anything for an open source mac os clone i can run on my
       | arm macbook pro. i'm sick of apple.
        
       | fithisux wrote:
       | Apple releases part of the source code of XNU, it would make much
       | more sense to me, to re-create something like the original Darwin
       | CD out of this for x86-64.
       | 
       | There are a number of MacOS CLI tools and drivers for x86_64.
       | 
       | It may be a motivation to continue work.
       | 
       | Even commercially it could be something interesting.
       | 
       | I am not sure if it is easier though.
       | 
       | PureDarwin seems to do very slow progress.
        
         | __d wrote:
         | It appears they've actually made that decision: making FreeBSD
         | Mach-O is too much, so XNU is the new plan ...
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | Repo has zero Objective-C or C++ (IO, DriverKit, MSL), hardly
       | anything relevant if the goal is macOS compatibility.
       | 
       | This considering the last macOS version before Swift was
       | announced as goal.
        
         | mk89 wrote:
         | I think it's in the frameworks folder, e.g.,
         | https://github.com/ravynsoft/ravynos/tree/main/Frameworks/Ap...
         | 
         | Edit: also CoreServices
         | https://github.com/ravynsoft/ravynos/tree/main/CoreServices/...
         | 
         | Well, there is actually a lot of ObjC.
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | I stand corrected, you will notice that it isn't visible on
           | the languages colour bar, nor C++.
        
             | mk89 wrote:
             | From the mobile version I see a 10% other and 16.1% C++.
             | 
             | I think GH might have some issues because those two folders
             | contain a lot of code (there is also C in between, but
             | still), I don't know if I want to believe it's less than
             | 2.6% Perl. [0]. "It's fixed".
             | 
             | [0]: https://github.com/github-
             | linguist/linguist/issues/1626
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | Stupid me, it appears to be affected by screen layout,
               | and I completly missed C++.
               | 
               | Thanks for the issue link.
        
       | heavyset_go wrote:
       | Wine works because Microsoft spends billions on backwards
       | compatibility and APIs are stable over time.
       | 
       | Apple regularly deprecates frameworks and adds new ones at rapid
       | rates. It's a moving target with the added complication of moving
       | build targets.
       | 
       | If you implement your own version of Apple's XyzKit, that might
       | only be used in macOS 12 to 14, and not before or after that, so
       | you put in a lot of work to essentially support binaries that
       | were released between X date and Y date and that's it. And you
       | have to do that for a sliding window of dates, macOS versions and
       | framework releases and deprecations.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | Wine works, because it doesn't cover many modern APIs, I would
         | assess.
         | 
         | New Microsoft under Satya has a different stance on anything
         | WinRT related, or even newer Win32/COM APIs since Windows 8.
         | 
         | Also .NET Framework is the Python 2 of .NET, the breaking
         | changes are a reason there are still new projects being done in
         | .NET Framework 4.8.x.
        
           | fooker wrote:
           | You can desugar all the modern stuff to windows api with
           | first party DLLs
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | First party DLLs have copyright.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | No, these are specifically 'redistributables'.
               | 
               | In the rare case they aren't, you just require the user
               | to obtain it, wink and nod.
        
               | zorked wrote:
               | Typically in Microsoft redistributables there are terms
               | in the license that says they can only be licensed for
               | use with a Windows license.
        
               | geocar wrote:
               | Here's the Visual Studio redistributable licensing
               | requirements:
               | 
               | https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/license-
               | terms/vs2026-ga-v...
               | 
               | There's nothing about Windows licenses in there. There is
               | a specious claim that I can't modify the DLL in some
               | circumstances, but I doubt that's enforceable in any
               | jurisdiction Microsoft could reach me, and to the careful
               | reader the license almost admits as such.
               | 
               | If I'm NVidia in this case, these would be pretty easy to
               | follow. Now I redistribute the DLL: My user downloads the
               | DLL and uses my software (with the DLL) in Wine. Good for
               | them. I have a happy customer. _Maybe_ Microsoft is
               | unhappy, but I'm not sure what they can do besides pound
               | sand: _I_ haven't violated those terms, and my user
               | doesn't have any relationship with Microsoft.
               | 
               | If I've made a mistake and the Visual Studio
               | redistributable isn't typical, what exactly do you think
               | _is_ a typical license from Microsoft that has the force
               | you suggest?
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | You are missing all the OS DLLs, COM and WinRT
               | components, .NET libraries, that are covered by Windows
               | EULA.
               | 
               | Also the ones downloaded directly via Windows Update from
               | Microsoft servers.
        
               | geocar wrote:
               | That's not how copyright law works in the slightest.
               | 
               | You can absolutely download a file from Microsoft's
               | website and run that file on Wine and Microsoft cannot
               | get a judge to hold you to any "license terms" elsewhere
               | on that website. I am not your lawyer and this is not
               | legal advice, you are just a moron if you think
               | otherwise.
               | 
               | Furthermore, I also don't think Microsoft would claim
               | otherwise! But you are still welcome to prove me wrong by
               | providing just _one_ example on their website of a
               | license that you think could force me to do anything at
               | all, because of a DLL _you_ can give to me (aka "a
               | redistributable")
        
               | Dwedit wrote:
               | Microsoft redistributables are just the standard library.
               | Most of the rest of the new DLLs are not backed by any
               | system calls, just by API calls. Except of course for the
               | D3DKMT stuff, that stuff is the real system calls used by
               | Direct3D.
        
         | leidenfrost wrote:
         | The solution for that is to decide which period do you want to
         | build support for.
         | 
         | Trying to be binary-compatible with Tahoe may not be worth it.
         | But you could make a distro binary-compatible with Snow
         | Leopard.
         | 
         | Or better, make it compatible with Ventura apps without the
         | bloat of MacOS Ventura.
         | 
         | That could give new life to old Macs. It can also give a PC a
         | MacOS-like environment without having to deal with Hackintosh.
        
           | netfortius wrote:
           | This won't work simply because majority of apps follow "the
           | new trend". Take calibre, for example. I found myself having
           | to OCLP my calibre server, simply because the hardware won't
           | "take" the new macOS version required by the app, but the app
           | new features are only available in the new versions.
        
         | zer0zzz wrote:
         | I don't think it's as fast breaking as you suggest but
         | certainly big changes like 32Bit support dropping, OpenGL
         | deprecation, and move to arm64 are huge breaks.
         | 
         | Generally their "availability" macros in swift and objc keep
         | things working across versions in a forward compatible way.
        
       | virajk_31 wrote:
       | Replicating MacOS is more than just a nice UI, there's a lot of
       | sw/hw engineering under the hood. Hopefully these guys get closer
       | to that over time.
        
       | wltr wrote:
       | Perhaps I need to understand something first, but at this point
       | in time I see no value in projects like this. Beyond the obvious
       | fact of hacking. Ideally, I don't even want, say, Linux to have
       | any binary compatibility with Windows. I want native apps, games
       | included. I don't want to see Photoshop working on Linux, I want
       | Gimp to become successful (maybe, start with the name change),
       | or, well, Krita then. Same with macOS. I don't miss any app from
       | macOS, I want to run so badly. I want Linux to catch up where it
       | isn't.
        
       | swiftcoder wrote:
       | Does it key the command and control keys separate? That's maybe
       | the biggest thing I can't get today from a linux-based MacOS
       | replacement
        
       | shevy-java wrote:
       | Can Linux replace macOS?
       | 
       | What would be required to achieve this?
       | 
       | I guess one thing macOS users like is the default UI. So this is
       | probably an area where Linux lacks - both GNOME and KDE have
       | shortcomings when compared to that UI. (They are mostly fine if
       | one does not have that as a use case, though I find GNOME to
       | really want to simplify everything to the point of having almost
       | no features left.)
        
         | Thev00d00 wrote:
         | My issue is that the quality of the macos UI is degrading over
         | time. They can't even get rounding consistent, not quite at
         | windows levels of mismatching yet though.
         | 
         | Also no one bothers making the beautiful native apps now,
         | everything is electron, which is equally inconsistent
         | everywhere.
         | 
         | So I think the advantage over time Vs a Linux system is
         | diminishing... Slowly.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | > both GNOME and KDE have shortcomings when compared to that UI
         | 
         | One persons shortcomings is another persons normal work flow.
         | To me this is simply a matter of adjusting to a different
         | environment.
         | 
         | I went form Windows 7 to Linux and the key part was that I
         | always use open source software where possible such as FreeCAD,
         | KiCAD, Libre Office, Firefox, Krita, Gimp, etc. This makes
         | transitioning very painless. I also dont customize, no
         | dotfiles, media managers, themes, prompts, shells, or reliance
         | on OS features, etc. I keep it primitive.
        
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