[HN Gopher] Show HN: F32 - An Extremely Small ESP32 Board
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       Show HN: F32 - An Extremely Small ESP32 Board
        
       As part of a little research and also some fun I decided to try my
       hand at seeing how small of an ESP32 board I can make with
       functioning WiFi.
        
       Author : pegor
       Score  : 290 points
       Date   : 2025-11-19 20:09 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | tmpfs wrote:
       | This is a very cool experiment, even if the board doesn't end up
       | being that practical (the antenna hack is going to be an ongoing
       | issue I think) your documentation looks great at a glance!
        
         | pegor wrote:
         | Thank you! I agree, antenna definitely needs some improvement.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | You should take the metal of the USB connector into account.
           | This will significantly alter the emission pattern of the
           | antenna. Try to find a radio amateur in your area, we have
           | equipment to measure and software to predict antennas.
        
       | anyg wrote:
       | If it is a little bigger to incorporate a bigger chip antenna and
       | some GPIO pins, it is going to be very useful for a lot of IoT
       | projects!!
        
         | pegor wrote:
         | Definitely would be more functional with more of the GPIOs
         | exposed.
        
           | forsalebypwner wrote:
           | If you want an ESP32 dev board with GPIOs exposed there are
           | dozens (or hundreds, maybe thousands) of other options out
           | there. It makes sense not to expose them when you're going
           | for the smallest possible footprint.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | I don't know, I see enough space for four GPIOs there. Not
             | holes, obviously, but pads should be very workable.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | It could be even smaller without that USB C port and have
             | more GPIO pads.
        
         | PunchyHamster wrote:
         | there is plenty of those already and not all too hard to make
         | yourself, see LilyGo T01-C3
         | 
         | Its of format of original ESP8 so you get serial + 3 IO pins
        
         | margalabargala wrote:
         | The XIAO series of ESP32s is exactly that.
         | 
         | They are 4x the size though, almost exactly double in both
         | length and width.
         | 
         | https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_Getting_Started/
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | These are quite lovely. Ceramic SMD antennas are awesome.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | It's also got 15 times as many GPIO pins as the board in the
           | fine article.
           | 
           | And this PCBA will be smaller than the battery in most
           | applications anyway.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | It only has 14 pins, 3 of which are 5v, 3.3v, and ground,
             | so slight exaggeration :-) point taken though
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | These are nifty. I've used them in production, but if you
           | want to make used of the charger it's difficult.
        
         | venusenvy47 wrote:
         | Can anyone suggest a small module that supports 5 GHz WiFi?
        
       | NuclearPM wrote:
       | > This can be seen in my highly necessary depiction below.
       | 
       | I love this. Fun and insightful article. Thank you.
        
         | pegor wrote:
         | Thanks for checking it out!
        
         | unwind wrote:
         | Me too, but that particular picture was confusing. Shouldn't
         | the board be with the human, 120 ft from the wifi access point
         | being connected to? Now it looks as if the human screams at the
         | board from 120 ft away, or something.
         | 
         | Other than that, hugely impressive project of course, it makes
         | any board I've tried to design/assemble look impossibly huge.
         | :)
        
           | nhecker wrote:
           | No, I think the human holds a smartphone, is standing 38m
           | away from the board, and is still able to connect to the
           | distant board via the open Access Point it makes available.
           | It's a testament to the communication between the Access
           | Point and the human connecting to it.
           | 
           | FTA:
           | 
           | > In a clear line of sight test with the f32 placed about 3ft
           | off the ground I was able to connect and perform
           | scans/control the LED at roughly 120ft!
           | 
           | Fun fact, at that size the whole f32 is smaller than the
           | wavelength of the radio waves it's using for 2.4GHz WiFi. Not
           | that this is unique by any stretch, but it's still fun to
           | think about. (Edit: formatting)
        
       | ingen0s wrote:
       | Nice work, kudos!
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | If you add another GPIO and make a silicone mold you could make
       | an in-cable eavesdropper on USB connections that streams out the
       | data via the wifi. That would be a pretty scary tool in the right
       | circumstances.
        
         | atemerev wrote:
         | These cables can be bought for like $200 mostly legally.
        
       | Gys wrote:
       | > PCBWay does also offer assembly services
       | 
       | Seriously? For a tiny board like this also? Genuine question.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | yes, but they use a machine, they don't do it by hand.
        
       | puzzlingcaptcha wrote:
       | 01005? Oh no no no. I can barely do 0402s by hand and those are
       | _2.5x_ larger.
        
         | VTimofeenko wrote:
         | FWIW, there's a step by step soldering guide in the readme:
         | 
         | https://github.com/PegorK/f32#building-the-f32
         | 
         | It looks doable, but of course a lot of carefulling is required
         | when placing the components.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | With one of those mini-hotplates for reflow soldering and a LCD
         | microscope it's still fairly doable.
        
         | joemi wrote:
         | Wouldn't 0402 be 4x larger (if comparing lengths) or 16x larger
         | (if comparing areas), not 2.5x?
         | 
         | Edit: Nevermind, I was wrong. I see now that the sizes don't
         | actually directly correspond to the number codes! 01005 is
         | 0.4mm x 0.2mm and 0402 is 1mm x 0.5mm. That's annoyingly
         | confusing, IMO.
        
           | Neywiny wrote:
           | Metric mm vs imperial thou. Confusing but at least
           | explainable
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | infuriating fact: 0402 metric = 01005 imperial, 0402 imperial =
         | 1005 metric. looks like this is the only semi-duplicate in
         | common use.
        
           | rts_cts wrote:
           | And that's how I ended up with half a reel of 01005
           | resistors...
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | Wait wait wait what? 01005 isn't metric? They switched to
           | imperial for just that size? What?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | I was a bit outdated with resistor sizing and I don't have
             | a great sources but apparently there are:
             | inch 0402, 0201, 01005, 009005, 008004, $1         mm
             | 1005, 0603, 0402,  03015,  0201,   01005
             | 
             | these sizes... and $1 is the one in your mind that shall
             | not be written in inches. The "01005 imperial" is just
             | 0402, so it's not going up to the metric 01005 scale or
             | beyond. I think.
        
         | uticus wrote:
         | Step 1: build a robotic arm with larger components...
        
       | Rebelgecko wrote:
       | Really cool. I just ran into a situation where it would be handy
       | to have a small Bluetooth device that plugs into USB-C. However
       | soldering something like this seems a bit beyond me, is there a
       | more turnkey solution?
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | The company that printed the PCB, PCBWay, also offers PCBAs.
         | They're really not expensive, though you might need to order in
         | batches of multiples of five.
        
           | actinium226 wrote:
           | JLCPCB also offers assembly and they're much, much cheaper,
           | like an order of magnitude cheaper.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Wow thanks!!! I've been trying to find a cheap flex pcb
             | supplier but the cheapest i found was $150 for 10. They are
             | way cheaper making my project viable!
        
         | myself248 wrote:
         | There's no makerspace nearby that could give you access to the
         | tools and supplies to upgrade your skills?
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | This is great, well done! I don't know where I'd use this, but
       | I'd definitely _want_ to use it.
        
       | allenrb wrote:
       | Jesus. You had me at "hand-soldered 01005 components".
       | 
       | I'm tempted to try a few of these just to see how disastrous my
       | build efforts are.
        
       | Swannie wrote:
       | I was thinking "how much smaller than the cheap 30mm x 25mm
       | boards on AliE can you go?" ... much smaller!
       | 
       | Very nice.
        
         | selcuka wrote:
         | FYI XIAOs are 21x18mm.
        
           | k__ wrote:
           | I just learned about XIAO boards from Grok a few days ago,
           | lol.
           | 
           | The Sense versions are pretty rad. Now I only have to add a
           | battery and a touch sensor and I'm good to go.
        
       | actinium226 wrote:
       | Neat! I just sent out an order to JLCPCB for an ESP32 based
       | board. I don't have a rework station or any experience with SMT
       | so I decided to go for their assembly options. It's 80 per board,
       | but would probably be cheaper per board if I got more than 2 (I
       | also have more components on my board than you).
       | 
       | Question about the instructions in your README, you say that once
       | you're done with the top side, repeat for the bottom, but when
       | you're working on the bottom side, what stops the elements on the
       | top side from falling off once the heat passes through the board
       | and melts the solder on that side?
        
         | brokenmachine wrote:
         | "Bottom side must be done using a rework hot air gun, not
         | possible with hotplate."
         | 
         | Basically you're hoping the bottom side doesn't get hot enough
         | for everything to move or fall off.
        
         | 4b11b4 wrote:
         | Surface tension of solder in liquid state can hold the parts
         | while upside down. Depends on weight of component & geometry of
         | pads
        
         | pegor wrote:
         | Working on the bottom side I only used the heat gun really
         | carefully on the resistors then used a soldering iron with a
         | fine tip for the usb-c connector since the leads are fairly
         | large.
        
       | wkat4242 wrote:
       | People that hide exploit devices in public chargers are going to
       | love this one lol. Cheap, small and enough power
        
       | GardenLetter27 wrote:
       | Is it powerful enough to run a reverse proxy?
        
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       (page generated 2025-11-21 23:02 UTC)