[HN Gopher] Reverse Engineering Yaesu FT-70D Firmware Encryption
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       Reverse Engineering Yaesu FT-70D Firmware Encryption
        
       Author : austinallegro
       Score  : 137 points
       Date   : 2025-11-13 07:12 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (landaire.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (landaire.net)
        
       | tiniuclx wrote:
       | Ham radio is well worth getting into if you come from a software
       | background but want to get more hands-on with embedded
       | electronics. Radios are ubiquitous in modern technology, and
       | getting a deeper understanding of how they work can have
       | surprising career benefits too!
        
         | ACCount37 wrote:
         | The RF fundamentals stay the same, but the gulf between ham
         | radio and modern RF comms is truly vast.
         | 
         | Those TDM'd bands 40MHz wide, with digital data and modulation
         | past the limits of sanity, and the entire RF system being
         | integrated into one die somehow? Oh boy.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | What really blows me away is the range that you can achieve
           | with almost no power on tiny little antennas. For instance,
           | ELRS uses a transmitter/receiver that is less than a gram,
           | that can keep a link with a drone alive across 30 km or even
           | more. And the antenna is so small you might toss it away with
           | the packaging if you're not paying attention.
           | 
           | One example:
           | 
           | https://rcmaniak.pl/userdata/public/assets/images/SpeedyBee/.
           | ..
           | 
           | Oh, and it also speaks WiFi, just in case and it has its own
           | little onboard computer _and_ a web server.
        
             | tappaseater wrote:
             | I used to follow the balloon projects that hams would
             | launch. A mylar balloon with a tiny 50 milliwatt
             | transmitter and GPS, solar powered on the 10Mhz band
             | tracked thousands of miles away.
        
             | mystraline wrote:
             | Yep, its called LoRa.
             | 
             | Ive been able to decode as low as -26 SNR.
             | 
             | Theres LoRa chips for 2.4GHz, 900MHz, 868MHz, 433MHz, and
             | 144MHz.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | I use this one, with an onboard antenna:
             | 
             | https://imgaz.staticbg.com/thumb/large/oaupload/banggood/im
             | a...
             | 
             | It's _a centimeter on a side_ , and easily goes more than
             | 10km. It's just mind-blowing that this exists. 0.9 grams,
             | IIRC.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Wow, that's an even better example. I already have a hard
               | time finding the radio sometimes, and need to put on my
               | glasses, with that one you need tweezers to mount it :)
               | 
               | I ran into your tuning tips page the other day by way of
               | a random search!
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Oh nice, I was hoping they'd be useful to someone!
               | 
               | With that radio, I just use a drop of hot glue on the
               | fuselage, and it works great! Plus, it's easy to find
               | then :P
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I'm having a devilish time tuning a drone using Inav,
               | I've read through a mountain of documentation and tried a
               | whole pile of things but so far it has not led to a
               | breakthrough, just gradually increasing insight. Oh well,
               | better to keep plugging away at it :)
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Let me know if you need help, I've done it a few times.
        
           | jwr wrote:
           | > the gulf between ham radio and modern RF comms is truly
           | vast
           | 
           | Especially if you consider modern cellular radios. Your phone
           | has a completely separate powerful computer just for handling
           | the radio (we still call this a modem for some reason), with
           | a large software stack running.
           | 
           | As for modulation, starting with LTE and turbo coding, we are
           | now near the maximum theoretical channel capacity (Shannon
           | limit), which is mind-blowing.
           | 
           | Learning the basics of radio is still worth the effort (and
           | great fun!), but the gap is indeed huge.
        
             | ACCount37 wrote:
             | I did some LTE work. Nasty stuff. And 5G is even worse.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | When I flip through the ham radio outlet catalog and see what
           | people pay for a bog standard class A amplifier I realize how
           | I am in the wrong line of work.
           | 
           | The coolest modern ham stuff is happening on SDRs like
           | hackRF.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > Radios are ubiquitous in modern technology, and getting a
         | deeper understanding of how they work can have surprising
         | career benefits too!
         | 
         | Indeed.
         | 
         | The problem with many modern ham radios of any sufficiently
         | complex feature set - especially when it comes to cheap
         | hackable radios or digital radios - is that a lot of the
         | functionality is hidden away in blackbox ASIC hardware blocks
         | that have no public datasheets (e.g. BK4819 powering
         | Quansheng's radios, Si4732, or for anything DMR, the AMBE-2020
         | vocoder).
         | 
         | It's truly a miracle what the hacker community has gotten out
         | particularly out of the Quansheng chipset.
        
           | subscribed wrote:
           | Get the appropriate licence and build your own :) Either from
           | the kit or from scratch :)
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | It's not that easy. AMBE is patent encumbered and SDRs are
             | black magic on their own.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | Job well done! I tried reverse engineering the encryption on
       | Yamaha's midi files. I thought it would be super complex but it
       | turned out to be ridiculously easy. It's funny when you're
       | preparing mentally for some long slog and turns out to be an hour
       | at best. In case you're interested: they used a fixed block of
       | 256 bytes that they xor'd the data with in a cyclic fashion.
        
         | the_biot wrote:
         | That's more like obfuscaton, you got lucky there!
         | 
         | I've reverse engineered lots of things, but the one time I
         | actually got paid for it (this is more a hobby to me), I got
         | the exact opposite of what happened to you.
         | 
         | I quoted some small amount to document the protocol to
         | configure some embedded device that I thought would take a day
         | or so, and it turned into a two-week nightmare. Turned out
         | there was no configuration protocol, it was firmware updates
         | always -- and internal parameters were just overwritten along
         | with the code. So I ended up having to disassemble a big chunk
         | of the firmware before I could configure the device.
        
           | Enginerrrd wrote:
           | Pro-tip, state your assumptions baked into the estimate. If
           | one of them is wrong you can renegotiate price, although
           | depending on the client, you may not always want to do that
           | to show good will and whatnot.
        
       | jandrese wrote:
       | Another day another hardware manufacturer rolling their own
       | encryption. We are lucky these companies don't really know what
       | they are doing or they could actually make it close to impossible
       | to hack the firmware.
        
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       (page generated 2025-11-13 23:01 UTC)