[HN Gopher] Waymo robotaxis are now giving rides on freeways in ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Waymo robotaxis are now giving rides on freeways in LA, SF and
       Phoenix
        
       Author : nharada
       Score  : 274 points
       Date   : 2025-11-12 16:06 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (techcrunch.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (techcrunch.com)
        
       | NullHypothesist wrote:
       | This is a huge sign of confidence that they think they can do
       | this safely and at scale... Freeways might appear "easy" on the
       | surface, but there are all sorts of long tail edge-cases that
       | make them insanely tricky to do confidently without a driver.
       | This will unlock a lot for them with all of the smaller US cities
       | (where highways are essential) they've announced plans for over
       | the next year or so.
        
         | NullHypothesist wrote:
         | Looks like they've opened up SJC Airport, too! SFO imminent?
        
         | terminalshort wrote:
         | Freeways are easier than surface streets. The reason they held
         | off allowing highways is because Waymo wants to minimize the
         | probability of death for PR purposes. They figure they can get
         | away with a lot of wrecks as long as they don't kill people.
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | There's also the risk of a phantom breaking event causing a
           | big pileup. The PR of a Waymo causing a large cascading
           | accident would be horrible.
        
             | xnx wrote:
             | Do Waymos phantom brake? Given the number of trips hey do I
             | would imagine there would be a ton of videos if that was
             | happening.
        
               | razingeden wrote:
               | they brake to "suss out" certain things, that ive
               | noticed:
               | 
               | construction workers, delivery vehicles, traffic cones..
               | nothing unreasonable for it to approach with caution,
               | brake for, and move around.
               | 
               | the waymo usually gets about 2 feet away from a utility
               | truck and then sits there confused for awhile before it
               | goes away.
               | 
               | it usually gets very _close_ to these hazards before
               | making that maneuver.
               | 
               | it seems like having a flashing utility strobe really
               | messes with it and it gets extra cautious and weird
               | around those. now, it should be respectful of emergency
               | lights but-
               | 
               | i would see a problem here if it decided to do this on a
               | freeway , five feet away from a pulled over cop or
               | someone changing a tire.
               | 
               | it sure does spazz out and sit there for a long time over
               | the emergency lights before it decides what to do
               | 
               | i really wish there was a third party box we could wire
               | into strobes (or the hazard light circuit) that would
               | universally tell an autonomous car "hey im over here
               | somewhere you may not be expecting me , signaling for
               | attention."
        
               | jordanb wrote:
               | > sits there confused for awhile before it goes away.
               | 
               | Probably what you're witnessing is the car sitting in
               | exception state until a human remote driver gets assigned
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | This. Stop in a dumb way and a garbage truck bumps you on a
             | city street and it's no big deal. Applying a bunch of brake
             | at the wrong time and you could easily cause a newsworthy
             | sized (and therefore public scrutiny sized) accident.
             | 
             | The real public isn't an internet comment section. Having
             | your PR people spew statements about "well, other people
             | have an obligation to use safe following distances" is
             | unlikely to get you off the hook.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Only because most drivers are tailgating and so if someone
             | touches the brakes everyone needs to do a panic stop just
             | in case. If people maintained a safe following distance at
             | all times there would be space to see the lights and
             | determine that no action is needed (or more likely you just
             | take your foot off the gas but don't flash your brakes thus
             | not cascading).
             | 
             | Of course the above needs about 6 times as many lanes as
             | any city has. When you realize those massive freeways in
             | Houston are what Des Moines needs you start to see how
             | badly cars scale in cities.
        
           | repsilat wrote:
           | "Easier" is probably the right one-word generalization, but
           | worth noting that there are quite different challenges.
           | Stopping distance is substantially greater, so "dead halt"
           | isn't as much of a panacea as it is in dense city
           | environments. And you need to have good perception of things
           | further away, especially in front of you, which affects the
           | sensors you use.
        
             | andy99 wrote:
             | Also on surface roads you can basically stop in the middle
             | of the street and be annoying but not particularly
             | dangerous. You can't just stop safely dead in the middle of
             | a freeway.
        
           | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
           | It sounds like you are saying freeways are easier than
           | surface streets if you don't care about killing a reasonably
           | small number of people during testing.
           | 
           | Really it's a common difficulty with utilitarianism. Tesla
           | says "we will kill a small number of people with our self
           | driving beta, but it is impossible to develop a self driving
           | car without killing a few people in accidents, because cars
           | crash, and overall the program will save a much larger number
           | of lives than the number lost."
           | 
           | And then it comes out that the true statement is "it is
           | slightly more expensive to develop a self driving car without
           | killing a few people in accidents" and the moral calculus
           | tilts a bit
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | The more important question is how many people are killed
             | by non-autonomous cars in the same situation. It is
             | inevitable that someone will be killed by a self driving
             | car sometime - but we already know lots of people are
             | killed by cars. If you kill less people getting autonomous
             | rolled out fast than human drivers would that is good, but
             | if you are killing more people in the short term that is
             | bad (even if you eventually get better)
        
             | terminalshort wrote:
             | It's not just slightly more expensive. And you have to
             | consider substitution effect. If you take the more
             | expensive route and it takes 10 years longer to deploy,
             | then there will have been another 400K car collision deaths
             | in just the US, and over 10 million in the world in those
             | 10 years that could have potentially been saved. So was the
             | delay for the safer product worth it? The only reasonable
             | answer to this question is "I don't know" because you can't
             | predict how much safer the expensive system will be and how
             | much longer it will take.
        
           | CPLX wrote:
           | I mean, if you define "easier" as "less likely to involve
           | death," then freeways are not easier. And I'm pretty sure
           | that's a good way to define "easier" for something like this.
        
         | 0_____0 wrote:
         | Waymo (prev. Chauffeur) were cruising freeways long before they
         | were doing city streets. Problem was that you can't do revenue
         | autonomous service with freeway-only driving.
         | 
         | The real reason I see for not running freeways until now is
         | that the physical operational domain of for street-level
         | autonomous operations was not large enough to warrant
         | validating highway driving to their current standard.
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | > Freeways might appear "easy" on the surface, but there are
         | all sorts of long tail edge-cases that make them insanely
         | tricky to do confidently without a driver
         | 
         | Maybe my memory is failing me, but I seem to remember people
         | saying the exact opposite here on HN when Tesla first
         | announced/showed off their "self-driving but not really self-
         | driving" features, saying it'll be very easy to get working on
         | the highways, but then everything else is the tricky stuff.
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | the difficult part of the highways is the interchanges, not
           | the straight shots between interchanges. and iirc, tesla
           | didn't do interchanges at the time people were criticizing
           | them for only doing the easiest part of self-driving.
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | Highways are on average a much more structured and consistent
           | environment, but every single weird thing (pedestrians,
           | animals, debris, flooding) that occurs on streets also
           | happens on highways. When you're doing as many trips and
           | miles as Waymo, once-in-a-lifetime exceptions happen every
           | day.
           | 
           | On highways the kinetic energy is much greater (Waymo's
           | reaction time is superhuman, but the car can't brake any
           | harder.) and there isn't the option to fail safe (stop in
           | place) like their is on normal roads.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Those constraints apply to humans too. So it seems likely
             | that:
             | 
             | - it's easier to get to human levels of safety on freeways
             | then on streets
             | 
             | - it's much harder to get to an order of magnitude better
             | than humans on freeways than it is on streets
             | 
             | Freeways are significantly safer than streets when humans
             | are driving, so "as good as humans" may be acceptable
             | there.
        
             | GloamingNiblets wrote:
             | I don't have any specific knowledge about Waymo's stack,
             | but I can confidently say Waymo's reaction time is likely
             | poorer than an attentive human. By the time sensor data
             | makes it through the perception stack, prediction/planning
             | stack, and back to the controls stack, you're likely
             | looking at >500ms. Waymos have the advantage of consistency
             | though (they never text and drive).
        
               | blinding-streak wrote:
               | It's actually a really interesting topic to think about.
               | Depending on the situation, there might be some
               | indecision in a human driver that slows the process down.
               | Whereas the Waymo probably has a decisive answer to
               | whatever problem is facing it.
               | 
               | I don't really know the answers for sure here, but
               | there's probably a gray area where humans struggle more
               | than the Waymo.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | > but I can confidently say [...] you're likely looking
               | at >500ms
               | 
               | That sounds outrageous if true. Very strange to
               | acknowledge you don't actually have any specific
               | knowledge about this thing before doing a grand claim,
               | not just "confidently", but also label it as such.
               | 
               | They've been publishing some stuff around latency
               | (https://waymo.com/search?q=latency) but I'm not finding
               | any concrete numbers, but I'd be very surprised if it was
               | higher than the reaction time for a human, which seems to
               | be around 400-600ms typically.
        
               | GloamingNiblets wrote:
               | My experience is from another prominent AV company; I do
               | not have Waymo insider knowledge.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Human reaction time is very difficult to average
               | meaningfully. It ranges anywhere from a few hundred
               | milliseconds on the low end to multiple seconds. The low
               | end of that range consists of snap reactions by alert
               | drivers, and the high end is common with distracted
               | driving.
               | 
               | 400-500ms is a fairly normal baseline for AV systems in
               | my experience.
        
               | embedding-shape wrote:
               | > Human reaction time is very difficult to average
               | meaningfully
               | 
               | Indeed, my previously stated number was taken from here:
               | https://news.mit.edu/2019/how-fast-humans-react-car-
               | hazards-...
               | 
               | > MIT researchers have found an answer in a new study
               | that shows humans need about 390 to 600 milliseconds to
               | detect and react to road hazards, given only a single
               | glance at the road -- with younger drivers detecting
               | hazards nearly twice as fast as older drivers.
               | 
               | But it'll be highly variable not just between individuals
               | but state of mind, attentiveness and a whole lot of other
               | things.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | What gives you that confidence?
               | 
               | You're quite wrong. It tends to be more like 100-200 ms,
               | which is generally significantly _faster_ than a human 's
               | reaction.
               | 
               | People have lots of fears about self-driving cars, but
               | their reaction time shouldn't be on the list.
        
               | GloamingNiblets wrote:
               | The better part of a decade as a SWE at another AV
               | company. In practice the latency is a not a concern, I
               | was just sharing some trivia.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | Waymo "sees" further - including behind cars - and has
               | persistent 360-degree awareness, wheres humans have to
               | settle for time-division of the fovea and are limited to
               | line-of-sight from driver's seat. Humans only have an
               | advantage if the event is visible from the cabin, and
               | they were already looking at it (i.e. it's in front of
               | them) for every other scenario, Waymo has better
               | perception + reaction times. "They just came out of
               | nowhere" happens less for Waymo vehicles with their
               | current sensor suite.
        
               | viftodi wrote:
               | Even if we assume this to be true, waymos have the
               | advantage of more sensors and less blind spots.
               | 
               | Unlike humans they can also sense what's behind the car
               | or other spots not directly visible to a human. They can
               | also measure distance very precisely due to lidars (and
               | perhaps radars too?)
               | 
               | A human reacts to the red light when a car breaks,
               | without that it will take you way more time due to stereo
               | vision to realize that a car ahead was getting closer to
               | you.
               | 
               | And I am pretty sure when the car detects certain
               | obstacles fast approaching at certain distances, or if a
               | car ahesd of you stopped suddenly or deer jumped or w/e
               | it breaks directly it doesn't need neural networks
               | processing those are probably low level failsafes that
               | are very fast to compute and definitely faster than what
               | a human could react to
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | > I don't have any specific knowledge about Waymo's
               | stack, but I can confidently say Waymo's reaction time is
               | likely poorer than an attentive human.
               | 
               | Wait, so basically, "I don't know anything about this
               | subject, but I'm confident regardless"?
        
           | jerlam wrote:
           | One of the first high-profile Tesla fatalities was on a
           | highway, where the vehicle misunderstood a left exit and
           | crashed into a concrete barrier.
           | 
           | https://enewspaper.latimes.com/infinity/article_share.aspx?g.
           | ..
        
           | zipy124 wrote:
           | Highway is easier, but if something goes wrong the chance of
           | death is pretty high. This is bad PR and could get you badly
           | regulated if you fuck it up.
        
           | jfim wrote:
           | It's easier to get from zero to something that works on
           | divided highways, since there's only lanes, other vehicles,
           | and a few signs to care about. No cross traffic, cyclists,
           | pedestrians, parked cars, etc.
           | 
           | One thing that's hard with highways is the fact that vehicles
           | move faster, so in a tenth of a second at 65 mph, a car has
           | moved 9.5 feet. So if say a big rock fell off a truck onto
           | the highway, to detect it early and proactively brake or
           | change lanes to avoid it, it would need to be detected at
           | quite a long distance, which demands a lot from sensors (eg.
           | how many pixels/LIDAR returns do you get at say 300+ feet on
           | an object that's smaller than a car, and how much do you need
           | to detect it as an obstruction).
           | 
           | But those also happen quite infrequently, so a vehicle that
           | doesn't handle road debris (or deer or rare obstructions) can
           | work with supervision and appear to work autonomously, but
           | one that's fully autonomous can't skip those scenarios.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _remember people saying the exact opposite_
           | 
           | It was a common but bad hypothesis.
           | 
           | "If you had asked me in 2018, when I first started working in
           | the AV industry, I would've bet that driverless trucks would
           | be the first vehicle type to achieve a million-mile
           | driverless deployment. Aurora even pivoted their entire
           | company to trucking in 2020, believing it to be easier than
           | city driving.
           | 
           | ...
           | 
           | Stopping in lane becomes much more dangerous with the
           | possibility of a rear-end collision at high speed. All
           | stopping should be planned well in advance, ideally exiting
           | at the next ramp, or at least driving to the closest shoulder
           | with enough room to park.
           | 
           | This greatly increases the scope of edge cases that need to
           | be handled autonomously and at freeway speeds.
           | 
           | ...
           | 
           | The features that make freeways simpler -- controlled access,
           | no intersections, one-way traffic -- also make 'interesting'
           | events more rare. This is a double-edged sword. While the
           | simpler environment reduces the number of software features
           | to be developed, it also increases the iteration time and
           | cost.
           | 
           | During development, 'interesting' events are needed to train
           | data-hungry ML models. For validation, each new software
           | version to be qualified for driverless operation needs to
           | encounter a minimum number of 'interesting' events before
           | comparisons to a human safety level can have statistical
           | significance. Overall, iteration becomes more expensive when
           | it takes more vehicle-hours to collect each event."
           | 
           | https://kevinchen.co/blog/autonomous-trucking-harder-than-
           | ri...
        
           | richardubright wrote:
           | I think the key is, it's easy to get "self-driving" where the
           | car will hand off to the driver working on highways. "Follow
           | the lines, go forward, don't get hit". But having it
           | DRIVERLESS is a different beast, and the failure states are
           | very different than those in surface street driving.
        
         | lumens wrote:
         | Perhaps more a reaction to pressure from Tesla; the latest FSD
         | builds show full autonomy is coming very soon. Without highway
         | driving, Waymo would quickly be seen as a distant second in the
         | race when the safety driver is removed from Robotaxis in Austin
         | (supposedly before EOY 2025).
        
           | eloncuck wrote:
           | You Tesla/Elon stans crack me up. "2 more weeks" has been the
           | claim for literal decades at this point.
        
             | lumens wrote:
             | Truly curious - have you tried it recently?
        
               | eloncuck wrote:
               | Daily. I'm still unable to leave my culdesac without
               | phantom leaves causing phantom braking.
               | 
               | There was a time when I believed in the hype, I'm less
               | skeptical than most. But the evidence now is
               | incontrovertible.
        
               | lumens wrote:
               | I assume this is not a HW4 vehicle?
               | 
               | I am empathetic to the disappointment of older vehicle
               | owners who have been promised this capability for years
               | and still don't see it (because their hardware just can't
               | -- and the hardware upgrade isn't coming either).
               | 
               | That said, the new Y with 14.1.x really does do as
               | claimed.
        
               | eloncuck wrote:
               | 2024 MY with HW4. I've been through all the shenanigans,
               | updates, sending logs, etc etc. I'm done with it, and
               | it'll take a lot of evidence to convince me that people
               | reporting it's great don't have either a financial
               | interest in TSLA, poor memory, or the easiest daily
               | route.
        
               | senordevnyc wrote:
               | These threads always give me deja vu. I've been reading
               | these exact comments for a decade. Only the version
               | numbers change.
               | 
               | But yes, I'm sure any day now.
        
               | wstrange wrote:
               | I have HW4, and have tried FSD with every major release.
               | 
               | It works brilliantly, 99.5% of the time. The issue is
               | that the failure mode is catastrophic. Like getting
               | confused with the lane marking and driving off the
               | shoulder. And the complete inability to read construction
               | zone signs (blasting through a 50 KM zone at 100 KM).
               | 
               | I'm deeply skeptical that the current sensor suite and
               | hardware is going to have enough compute power to safely
               | drive without supervision.
               | 
               | It will no doubt improve, but until Tesla steps up and
               | assumes liability for any accident, it's just not "full
               | self driving".
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | This is how the Tesla superfans treat every single new
               | FSD version.
               | 
               | FSD 18 is out, 17 is garbage for babies, 18 is amazing!
               | Wait, 19 just released, why are you still talking about
               | 18, that shit was never gonna work, it's 19 that's nearly
               | at unsupervised driving! Wait a second, 20 just came
               | out...
        
           | boulos wrote:
           | Not at all. We've been working on this for a while, and we're
           | now comfortable with the reliability bar we've hit to begin a
           | gradual rollout to the public. As people said, this has been
           | years in the making.
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | "Ignore the previous eighteen wildly off predictions; _this_
           | time we got it for sure! "
           | 
           | Note, in July of this year, Musk predicted robotaxi service
           | for half the country by the end of 2025. It's November now
           | and they haven't even removed the safety monitors, in any
           | city!
        
         | sjducb wrote:
         | Slow roads are easier because you can rely on a simple
         | emergency breaking system for safety. You have a radar that
         | looks directly in front of the car and slams on the breaks if
         | you're about to crash. This prevents almost all accidents below
         | 35mph.
         | 
         | The emergency breaking system gives you a lot of room for error
         | in the rest of the system.
         | 
         | Once you're going faster than 35mph this approach no longer
         | works. You have lots of objects on the pavement that are false
         | positives for the emergency breaking system so you have to turn
         | it off.
        
         | ddp26 wrote:
         | I agree, but it's funny to think that Project Chauffeur (as it
         | was known then) was doing completely driverless freeway
         | circuits in the bay area as far back as 2012! Back when they
         | couldn't do the simplest things with traffic lights.
         | 
         | I think anyone back then would be totally shocked that urban
         | and suburban driving launched to the public before freeway
         | driving.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | When it started, from what I've heard, the design goal was
           | for part-time self-driving. In that case, let the human
           | driver do the more variable things on surface streets and the
           | computer do the consistent things on highways and prompt the
           | user to pay attention 5 miles before the exit. They found
           | that the model of part time automation wasn't feasible,
           | because humans couldn't consistently take control in the
           | timeframea needed.
           | 
           | So then they pivoted to full time automation with a safe stop
           | for exceptions. That's not useful to start with highway
           | driving. There are some freeway routed mass transit lines,
           | but for the most part people don't want to be picked up and
           | dropped off at the freeway. In many parts of freeways,
           | there's not a good place to stop and wait for assistance, and
           | automated driving will need more assistance than normal
           | driving. So it made a lot f sense to reduce scope to surface
           | street driving.
        
           | philistine wrote:
           | If you understand physics, it's easy. When you double the
           | speed, you quadruple the kinetic energy. So you're definitely
           | going to do slower speeds first, even if it's harder to
           | compute.
        
         | kappi wrote:
         | This is correct. Freeways have lot of edge cases of hitting
         | random objects and it becomes serious issue. Check the youtube
         | video of bearded Tesla whose car hit a random metal object
         | making them replace the entire battery pack.
        
         | dlsfjke wrote:
         | Ahh yes, the US tech sector, a universally benevolent force
         | known for its slow pace due to lack of confidence from an over
         | abundant concern for safety finally showing some confidence in
         | their product roll outs.
        
         | creer wrote:
         | Isn't really the main problem, the Waymo "let's just stop right
         | here" current failure mode? Which really is not ideal on city
         | streets either. Hopefully they have been working on solving
         | that.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | This reminds me of the time I was driving on 101 south of SF
         | and saw a sea lion flopping across the road
         | (https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/seal-otter-on-
         | freeway...). It took my brain quite some time to accept that I
         | was seeing what I was seeing. Felt like a real edge case.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | There's videos of waymos absolutely decking delivery robots
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | Robot on robot violence.
        
       | bronco21016 wrote:
       | I don't live in a served market yet so I haven't yet tried Waymo.
       | However I have used SuperCruise and BlueCruise from GM and Ford.
       | 
       | What I've noticed from those other systems is that a human in the
       | loop makes the system so much more comfortable. I've had times
       | where I can see the red lights ahead and the system is not yet
       | slowing because the car immediately in front of me isn't slowing
       | yet. It's unsettling when the automated system brakes at the last
       | moment.
       | 
       | Because of this experience the highway has been the line in the
       | sand for me personally. Surface streets where you're rarely
       | traveling more than 45 mph are far less likely to lead to
       | catastrophic injury vs a mistake at 70 mph.
       | 
       | I don't think Waymo is necessarily playing fast and loose with
       | their tech but it will be interesting how this plays out. A few
       | fatal accidents could be a fatal PR blow to their roll out. I'm
       | also very curious to see how the system will handle human
       | takeover. Stopping in the middle of a freeway is extremely
       | dangerous. Other drivers can have a lapse in attention and
       | getting smoked by a semi traveling 65 mph is not going to be a
       | good day.
        
         | huevosabio wrote:
         | In my experience, Waymo's driving style is more comfortable
         | than most humans.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | I'm not sure about Supercruise (although I am pretty sure its
         | the same), but I know blue cruise is only available in places
         | where there are no stop lights, and that is pretty much 95%
         | interstates only. Supercruise and blue cruise are way under
         | Tesla's FSD, and Tesla is a bit of a ways under Waymo.
         | 
         | You may be thinking of the ACC these cars offer, which is a
         | standard feature, but different than their premium "self-
         | driving" services they offer.
        
         | rubicon33 wrote:
         | Honestly you need to try Waymo. It's in a league of its own.
        
           | bronco21016 wrote:
           | I would love to. Just haven't traveled to any of their
           | markets yet. They've announced expansion to a market near my
           | home and if I get the opportunity I will absolutely give it a
           | shot.
        
         | jjfoooo4 wrote:
         | Waymo is in another league compared to every other autpilot
         | system out there - I've used Tesla, Toyota, and Cruise before
         | it got shut down.
         | 
         | The political climate is VERY suspicious of autonomous
         | vehicles, but they most serious incident I can really recall
         | was the recent one where a car ran over a cat. You can see the
         | reaction here:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/cats/comments/1omortk/the_shrine_to...
         | 
         | If the biggest black mark against the company is running over a
         | cat on the street at 11:40 PM (according to Waymo, after it
         | darted under the car), I feel pretty good.
        
         | advisedwang wrote:
         | Waymo isn't relying only on speed matching the car in front, so
         | your experience with SuperCruise and BlueCruise doesn't
         | extrapolate to Waymo.
        
         | tick_tock_tick wrote:
         | > However I have used SuperCruise and BlueCruise from GM and
         | Ford.
         | 
         | We had Waymo and Cruise in SF at the same time for a while and
         | by god Cruise was shit and felt unsafe. Waymo is year ahead of
         | Cruise and better in every manner.
        
           | moandcompany wrote:
           | SuperCruise and BlueCruise are technology names from GM and
           | Ford for assisted driving in their car products, and not
           | synonomous with Cruise the company providing ride share
           | services.
        
       | s1mon wrote:
       | How will Waymos handle speed limits on highways? In the city,
       | they seem to stick to the rules. A large percentage of drivers in
       | the bay area, including non-emergency police, drive well above
       | the legal limit regularly. Unless Waymo sticks to the slow lane,
       | it's going to be a weird issue.
        
         | mkinsella wrote:
         | In the few times I've seen a Waymo on the freeway in the Bay
         | Area, they have always been in the slow lane and driving 55-65
         | MPH.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | If you watch the videos that insiders have been posting, it
         | never exceeds the speed limits.
         | 
         | If you watch the videos more carefully, you will notice the
         | people who speed by at 85 MPH later enter the screen again,
         | because that is the nature of freeway traffic.
         | 
         | I predict that a few hundred of these on the road will
         | measurably improve safety and decrease severe congestion by
         | being that one sane driver that defuses stop-and-go
         | catastrophes. In fact I think CHP should just contract with
         | them to pace 101 in waves.
        
           | aworks wrote:
           | I was on 101 during evening rush hour, speeding along like
           | everyone. Then I saw brake lights from a Waymo. Later
           | followed by all the surrounding cars. Interesting that it was
           | the first to detect a slowdown.
        
             | potato3732842 wrote:
             | First to apply brake, not first to detect.
             | 
             | Normal human drivers tend to lift off the gas and only
             | brake when they decide that just lifting won't do.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Normal human drivers tend to lift off the gas and only
               | brake when they decide that just lifting won 't do_
               | 
               | Don't EVs light up the brake lights when regenerative
               | braking engages?
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | As best as I can tell, not universally. I'm rather
               | obsessive about watching brake lights around me; my state
               | doesn't have safety inspections, so I try my best to
               | alert other drivers when they have brake lights out.
               | 
               | I've definitely observed Teslas coming to a halt, and the
               | brake lights only kick on at the very end. I don't know
               | how widespread the problem is, but it's very annoying.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | Yes this unfortunately varies by make and model. My Honda
               | pretty much hits the lights whenever the vehicle
               | decelerates. Others can come to a dead halt without the
               | lights.
        
           | gs17 wrote:
           | > In fact I think CHP should just contract with them to pace
           | 101 in waves.
           | 
           | "Waves" are really what we would want them to prevent:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_wave
           | 
           | The autonomous cars can prevent these waves from forming,
           | which would get people to their destinations faster than
           | speeding.
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | The omnipresent threat of being splattered by someone who's
           | weaving lanes or distracted by their phone and not expecting
           | to see a vehicle doing 20mph (!!!!) below traffic speed is
           | exactly what I want when I'm in a taxi. /s
           | 
           | If you actually thought adoption would benefit us on it's own
           | rather than seeing it a roundabout way to enforce rules that
           | you want to see enforced without buy in from the public you'd
           | want these cars to behave in a way that makes it easier for
           | them to exist in typical traffic.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | Luckily this won't be a problem in Los Angeles, because traffic
         | prevents you from ever going over the speed limit.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | It's hilarious to see people in LA buying sports cars. Like
           | even if you're willing to risk a speeding ticket you won't be
           | able to drive faster than the traffic in front of you. Just a
           | status symbol, I guess.
        
             | btian wrote:
             | There are many race tracks in LA area.
        
             | kirubakaran wrote:
             | To the extent that it's rational, it's more about
             | acceleration than velocity
        
               | djoldman wrote:
               | It's about acceleration + other things. If the other
               | things didn't matter, they would just drive a Tesla Model
               | S Plaid with 2 second 0-60mph.
        
             | sib wrote:
             | A sports car on the roads through the Malibu hills is very
             | fun...
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | But not as much as knowledge.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GIwTG8V-Ko
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | There are car clubs that go on drives in the twisty santa
             | monica mountains and san gabriel mountains.
        
             | ojr wrote:
             | traffic in LA never got back to pre-pandemic levels, maybe
             | during the Olympics it will other than that after 9pm until
             | 6am there's no one on the road, which is horrible for
             | Ridesharing drivers, the demand is less and being taken by
             | Waymo
        
           | sib wrote:
           | Have you driven in LA? Traffic speed is generally bimodal:
           | either stuck in traffic jam or easily 15 mph above the limit.
           | (Source: live in LA, drive regularly.)
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | While young and stupid, I did 100 mph on the 710 once.
           | Driving home from work at 12:30 am on Monday gives
           | opportunity for lots of speed. There's no traffic at that
           | time of day. It _was_ many years ago, and traffic grows with
           | population, but still, I can 't imagine there's much traffic
           | then; I visit the area at least once a year for about a week
           | and there's always some opportunities during the trip to
           | travel above the speed limit, even though I'm not out very
           | late anymore.
        
           | edm0nd wrote:
           | I remember my buddy telling me it would sometimes take him 2
           | hours to go a few miles in LA traffic and sometimes he would
           | just walk to work instead because he'd get there faster.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | 2 hours for a few miles is pure hyperbole. In my experience
             | bad highway traffic moves at like 20mph.
        
               | rkomorn wrote:
               | It used to take me 50 minutes to go 11 miles on 101/110
               | from studio city to downtown LA, so 20mph seems
               | optimistic.
               | 
               | Heck, it wasn't even all that rare for it to take me 45
               | minutes to go 5 miles on 101 from Rengstorff Ave to
               | Willow Rd in the Bay Area in 6pm rush hour just because
               | of the exit.
               | 
               | It even once took me 2h to make it from Candlestick Park
               | to the 101 after an NFL game.
               | 
               | So yeah, maybe 2 hours for a few miles isn't quite right,
               | but I've experienced daily counterexamples to your 20mph
               | number too.
        
         | circuit10 wrote:
         | As someone who doesn't drive but has done a UK theory test -
         | aren't you supposed to stick to the "slow lane" (no matter how
         | fast you're going) unless you're overtaking? And that's why
         | it's not actually called the "fast lane" but the "passing
         | lane". So I don't see why you would be in the passing lane
         | unless you're going faster than others anyway. And there are
         | plenty of lorries and coaches (trucks and buses in US terms?)
         | that are physically limited to below the speed limit anyway
         | 
         | Though I've heard people treat it differently in the US
        
           | jjfoooo4 wrote:
           | Yes. People do in fact safely drive the speed limit.
           | 
           | If "we'll have too many cars on the freeway following the
           | speed limit" ranks as a serious concern, I think we've really
           | lost the plot.
           | 
           | I recently drove by a fatal accident that had just happened
           | on the freeway. A man on the street had been ripped in half,
           | and his body was lying on the road. I can't imagine the scene
           | is all that unlike the 40 thousand other US road deaths that
           | happen every year.
           | 
           | As a driver I'm willing to accept some minor inconvenience to
           | improve the situation. As a rider I trust Waymo's more than
           | human drivers.
        
             | iteria wrote:
             | It depends on where you are. There was a protest in in
             | Atlanta about the speed limit. What did they do? They got
             | in every. Single. Lane. As did the speed limit. This backed
             | up traffic for miles. It stopped commercial delivery and
             | had ramifications for entire area. The protesters were
             | arrested. For going the legal limit. The speed limit did
             | not change, but there is a reason why it's never enforced.
             | 
             | I've lived in a couple of places where going the speed
             | limit is a whole problem that can cascade outside of just
             | yourself. There is an argument to be made that perhaps then
             | the speed limit shouldn't be that low, but in driving
             | safety is far more important than legality. It will be
             | interesting to see how Waymo handles these realities when
             | it gets to those areas.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | I'd really love to see some good statistics on the risks
               | of speeding on motorways.
               | 
               | I often wonder about laws that are ostensibly there to
               | prevent dangerous actions, about whether they actually
               | help prevent dangerous driving.
               | 
               | This guy analyses tailgating:
               | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6n_lR09sjoU Awesome
               | software although he seems biased (e.g. no mention of
               | pedestrians), but he does say that tailgating is much
               | more dangerous than speeding.
               | 
               | I'm interested whether cameras will start to catch
               | dangerous drivers. I regularly seeing drivers do very
               | dangerous things. Yet we have no easy way to train them
               | (for those that care but are unaware), or catch them (for
               | the antisocial that don't care).
        
               | jjfoooo4 wrote:
               | I mean, isn't the most common reason people tailgate is
               | that they're frustrated that a slow driver is in a lane
               | they want to use to drive fast in?
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Not a slow driver in most cases, many slow drivers - all
               | who want to go faster but cannot. There is just so much
               | traffic that you can't go faster, and neither can the
               | person in front of you.
               | 
               | I used to drive 20 under all the time (I achieved 57mpg
               | once doing that) - but since this was an empty rural
               | highway the few cars that were around saw me well in
               | advance and moved over and passed without a problem.
        
               | Yizahi wrote:
               | First of all, while I hear about that protest first time,
               | I'm 99% sure that they were not fines for driving under
               | speed limit, but because of the unreasonable obstruction
               | of the left lanes. This is prohibited probably in all
               | countries, regardless of the limits in use.
               | 
               | Second, it is a widely known issue, that a slower mowing
               | car is causing ripple-like delays far from the car
               | itself. For example when a police car is driving inside
               | the traffic flow. But if most of the cars are following
               | the rules, like 95% of them, then one law abiding Waymo
               | would fit just fine. In EU, with the deluge of speed
               | traps and mobile patrols, most of the cars are driving
               | under the limit, and honestly it feels fine. I'm
               | originally from a country where +20 above was like a
               | norm, and fast cars were +40 or more, so adjusting to EU
               | took some effort. But now I don't even feel the need to
               | speed, especially if it is 140km/h highway (86 m/h)
        
           | tfehring wrote:
           | You're correct. There are people in the US who drive in the
           | passing lane without passing, but most consider that a bad
           | practice, as it makes roads both less efficient and less
           | safe.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | i think this is a state by state cultural difference
        
           | maxerickson wrote:
           | If there are vehicles going slow due to capability, you are
           | pretty likely to be in an area where traffic density means
           | that there's lots of vehicles in all the available lanes.
           | 
           | Plenty of people do not follow the rules about staying to the
           | right.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | The slow lane and passing lane dichotomy makes sense in a
           | rural highway with two lanes in your direction.
           | 
           | It makes less sense in an urban environment with 5 or more
           | lanes in your direction. Vehicles will be traveling at
           | varying speeds in all lanes, ideally with a monotonic
           | gradient, but it just doesn't happen, and it's unlikely to.
           | 
           | In California, large trucks generally have a lower speed
           | limit (however many trucks are not speed governed and do
           | exceed the truck limit and sometimes the car limit) and lane
           | restrictions on large highways. Waymo may do well if it tends
           | toward staying in the lanes where trucks are allowed as those
           | tend to flow closer to posted car speed limits. But sometimes
           | there's left exits, and sometimes traffic flow is really poor
           | on many right lanes because of upcoming exits. And during
           | commute time, I think the HOV lane would be preferred; taxis
           | are generally eligible for the HOV lane even when only the
           | driver is present, but I don't know about self-driving with a
           | single or no occupant.
        
             | circuit10 wrote:
             | Isn't the situation you're describing where speeds vary due
             | to queues going to be in heavy traffic where cars aren't
             | getting close to the speed limit anyway?
             | 
             | (also it's kind of amazing that 5 parallel lanes is
             | considered normal in the US... I think the most I've ever
             | personally seen in the UK is 4 and that's only on very
             | major routes, and we don't have any exits on the wrong side
             | of the motorway)
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Isn't the situation you're describing where speeds vary
               | due to queues going to be in heavy traffic where cars
               | aren't getting close to the speed limit anyway?
               | 
               | Not necessarily. I've seen things like the left two lanes
               | at free flow (speed limit or above) and the right two
               | lanes at full congestion (~ 10 mph), and the middle
               | lane(s) somewhere in between. But then you also have
               | sometimes where the left lane is only doing 60 for some
               | reason, but the next two lanes are at or above the speed
               | limits. It's a complex system.
               | 
               | Wrong side exits for interchanges between highways are
               | common, depending on site details and relative flows.
               | When there's congestion on a left exit, you then get
               | situations where the right lanes are flowing faster than
               | the left lanes (sometimes _much_ faster). I don 't think
               | interchanges as left exits are necessarily awful.
               | 
               | Wrong side exits to surface streets have been discouraged
               | for new construction for quite some time, but there's a
               | fair number of "legacy exits" in some areas. They're not
               | so bad when there's only two lanes in your direction; but
               | when there's been highway expansion, it can get pretty
               | hard to use. And inevitably rebuilding to current
               | standards would causes a lot of confusion and delay, it's
               | postponed. My exemplar of the worst left exits, the
               | Milwaukee Zoo Interchange, was rebuilt in 2012-2022 and I
               | can't find pictures of what it was before, but you had a
               | sizable interchange with right and left exits to other
               | highways, combined with several surface street exits and
               | entrances on both sides, and I think two through lanes.
               | It was a mess.
        
               | TulliusCicero wrote:
               | 5 each way is decently big imo but it really depends on
               | the area. A freeway near a really large metro that's
               | particular car-dependent can easily go higher.
        
           | __s wrote:
           | In Ontario we have lots of 3 lane highways (we'll ignore
           | Toronto area, where speed is limited by traffic anyways).
           | What happens is that trucks & people getting on/off exits are
           | in right most lane. Middle lane is everyone else, going 10-20
           | km/h over speed limit. Leftmost lane is people passing, or
           | the maniacs going over 150 km/h while relying on their map
           | system to alert them of highway patrol
        
           | TulliusCicero wrote:
           | You're framing the problem space in a way that doesn't match
           | major freeways in the US at all. There's a bunch of lanes,
           | and you need drivers spread out across all of them, otherwise
           | traffic would slow to a standstill.
        
         | mixedbit wrote:
         | With self driving cars population on roads increasing, a side
         | effect can be that all traffic will be shaped towards staying
         | within the speed limits. With more cars staying within the
         | limits, breaking the limits becomes more difficult.
        
         | boulos wrote:
         | We comply with the posted speed limits. Definitely on 101 near
         | San Francisco where there are 55 mph zones (and maybe even 50
         | mph?) it's pretty noticeable. But we do hug the right lanes.
        
         | wagwang wrote:
         | going the speed limit is actually a good thing, even on the 101
        
         | saalweachter wrote:
         | It always blows my mind how aghast some people are at the idea
         | of _driving the speed limit_. How dangerous they make it sound!
         | 
         | My dudes, I have been driving the speed limit, even on
         | freeways, for decades.
         | 
         | Nothing bad happens. Your car doesn't explode. You don't
         | instantly create thousand-car pileups.
         | 
         | You get passed slightly more often than when you are speeding.
         | You pass fewer cars. You get to your destination a few minutes
         | later.
         | 
         | A car going the speed limit on the freeway is not a problem.
        
       | m0llusk wrote:
       | All of the serious problems I have seen with Waymo navigation so
       | far have had to do with busy urban streets. Trying to make use of
       | blocked non through way alleys, turning around in driveways when
       | other vehicles are exiting, coming to a complete dead stop on
       | busy one way streets, failing to brake predictably for
       | pedestrians walking into lanes, suddenly backing up a half block
       | from stopped at a red light in order to change lanes, and so on.
       | Freeways are a simplified driving environment that should suit
       | current technologies well.
        
         | tanseydavid wrote:
         | >> suddenly backing up a half block from stopped at a red light
         | in order to change lanes
         | 
         | I have taken at least 50 Waymo rides and have never experienced
         | anything remotely like what you have described here.
         | 
         | I am not saying it never happened, just that I expect that if a
         | bone-headed move of this magnitude was at all commonplace with
         | Waymo, we would be hearing about it and probably with a lot
         | more details.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | The gap between Waymo's service and Tesla's public beta test
       | keeps getting larger.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Official post: https://waymo.com/blog/2025/11/taking-riders-
       | further-safely-...
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45901905)
        
         | beastman82 wrote:
         | I will never understand blog spam. post the source luke!
        
       | dfee wrote:
       | I want to see the Waymo's go up to Skyline. Can they handle the
       | windy roads?
        
         | fnord77 wrote:
         | I rode one through the Presidio which has some windy roads. It
         | didn't have problems.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | They should be fine in the wind, they're not driving boxtrucks.
         | :P
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | No, my hilly twisty neighborhood is geolocked from the service.
        
       | greesil wrote:
       | I have seen a Waymo do a very stupid thing where it darted across
       | a busy street, and it left very little margin of error for the
       | oncoming traffic, which happened to be a loaded dump truck that
       | could not have stopped. The dump truck driver was clearly
       | surprised. It was a move that I never would have made as a
       | driver. Did they dial the aggression up? I'm sure they're safer
       | than humans in aggregate as there are some dumb humans out there
       | but it's not infallible.
        
         | brokencode wrote:
         | Waymo continues to improve every year, but dumb drivers never
         | will.
        
           | izzydata wrote:
           | It is probably possible to get drivers to improve if the
           | incentives were there or if they had no choice due to
           | external factors. I bet it would be cheaper than money spent
           | on self driving tech too.
           | 
           | Or public transit on a track.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | American drivers specifically can be improved. Every other
             | country stands as an existence proof of that.
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | You clearly haven't been to very many countries if you
               | think American drivers are the worst out there.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | I don't need to travel to learn this:
               | https://www.onlinesafetytrainer.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2023/...
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | Ah of course, all other thirty seven countries of the
               | world.
        
               | krainboltgreene wrote:
               | True, the UK is basically an alien civilization compared
               | to the average american state. No comparison is
               | meaningful unless we compare it to every nation state in
               | the world.
        
               | eloncuck wrote:
               | Not normalized per miles driven? Sure, makes sense chief.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | What about non-OECD countries? I'm told those are
               | actually most of the world's population and driving.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | If only we honked the horn when our cars are stopped, to
               | let people know where it is. And honked before putting
               | our cars in motion, to let people know we're about to
               | move. And while the car is in motion, to let people know
               | the car is in motion. I saw no collisions while visiting
               | India, and continuous honking must be a significant part
               | of the reason.
        
             | sagarm wrote:
             | Drivers hate enforcement, and they vote.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Drivers can improve, but they won't. They will talk about
             | the abstract just fine, but always in context of how "the
             | other guy" is so bad, they resist any suggestion that they
             | might not be good either. As soon as your point out
             | something that nearly everyone is doing wrong (as backed up
             | by statistics and traffic safety engineers who study this)
             | and suddenly they will shut you down. As the other reply
             | said: drivers vote and so any change that would affect all
             | of them is impossible.
             | 
             | I'd love to see better public transit, but transit is so
             | bad for most of us that it would take a massive investment
             | before there is any return, and half measures won't work.
             | You have to go all in on transit before you can see any
             | significant change - if you invest in the wrong network you
             | won't know until a massive amount as been invested and
             | there is no return (leaving open the question of if a
             | different investment would have worked).
        
             | threatofrain wrote:
             | But the incentives are there. The knowledge is even there.
             | What's left is the sum of all values.
        
           | krainboltgreene wrote:
           | Weird, because per capita deaths leveled off in the 1930's
           | and declined from that plateau in '70's to lows in the
           | 2010's.
           | 
           | Did we get less dumb drivers starting in the '70's?
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | Deaths and accidents are different measurements. Cars are
             | much safer in an accident than they were in the
             | early/middle 20th century.
             | 
             | Per-mile-driven deaths started climbing again around 2012
             | in the U.S., I'd wager due to the trend towards larger
             | vehicles causing more collateral damage.
        
         | sagarm wrote:
         | Waymos do seem to have gotten a lot more aggressive.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | That reminds me of the Feb 14, 2016 collision in Mountain View
         | [1] (sorry for pdf, but it has the best images of articles I
         | saw) between a Google self-driving car and a VTA articulated
         | bus. TLDR, the software and the safety driver thought the bus
         | would move out of the way because it was a big vehicle and a
         | professional driver. From the report:
         | 
         | > Google said it has tweaked its software to "more deeply
         | understand that buses and other large vehicles are less likely
         | to yield to us than other types of vehicles."
         | 
         | Maybe that got lost.
         | 
         | [1] https://phys.org/news/2016-03-apnewsbreak-video-google-
         | self-...
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | https://old.reddit.com/r/waymo/comments/1hoermn/food_deliver...
        
       | mmmlinux wrote:
       | I was in SF a few weekend ago and rode both Waymo and normal Lyft
       | style taxi cars. the Waymo was a better experience in every
       | single way. One of the Lyfts i was in drove on the shoulder for a
       | while like it was a lane. The Waymos were just smooth consistent
       | driving. No aggressive driving to get you dumped off so they can
       | get to the next fair.
        
         | prismatix wrote:
         | I had a similar experience. A few months ago, I was in the city
         | for a weekend and took Waymo for most of my rides. The one time
         | I chose to use Lyft/Uber, the driver floored it before we even
         | had a chance to shut the door or get buckled! The rest of the
         | time we took Waymo.
         | 
         | I rarely use ride-sharing but other experiences include having
         | been in a FSD Tesla Uber where the driver wasn't paying
         | attention to the road the entire time (hands off the wheel,
         | looking behind him, etc.).
         | 
         | I don't know if I trust Waymo cars with my life, but at least
         | there are SOME standards, compared to the natural variance of
         | humans.
        
           | Swizec wrote:
           | > I don't know if I trust Waymo cars with my life, but at
           | least there are SOME standards, compared to the natural
           | variance of humans
           | 
           | I've ridden in a lot of Waymos - 800km I'm told! - and
           | they're great. The bit that impresses me most is that they
           | drive like a confident city driver. Already in the
           | intersection and it turns red? Floor it out of the way! Light
           | just turned yellow and you don't have time to stop? Continue
           | calmly. Stuff like that.
           | 
           | Saw a lot of other AI cars get flustered and confused in
           | those situations. Humans too.
           | 
           | For me I like Waymos because of the consistent social
           | experience. There is none. With drivers they're usually
           | chatty at all the wrong moments when I'm not in the mood or
           | just want to catch up on emails. Or I'm feeling chatty and
           | the driver is not, it's rarely a perfect match. With Waymo
           | it's just a ride.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | I did have one drive straight through a big pothole in LA
             | once, and I also felt like it chose extremely boring
             | routes. But neither of those are very surprising.
             | 
             | Oh, and it doesn't like to pull into hotel entrances but
             | instead stops randomly on the street outside it.
        
               | andsoitis wrote:
               | > and I also felt like it chose extremely boring routes
               | 
               | $$ opportunity: pay $10 extra and Waymo will choose more
               | exciting route.
        
               | kbaker wrote:
               | I mean, if the scenic route is longer anyways, the
               | revenue potential is there to fund it...
               | 
               | just a 'take me the scenic route' checkbox?
        
           | ericmcer wrote:
           | It must be interesting being an Uber driver right now and
           | literally watching the robots that will replace you driving
           | around with you.
           | 
           | This has been a 15+ year process and will probably take a few
           | more years. I don't feel too bad if they didn't manage to
           | pivot in that time period.
        
             | pa7ch wrote:
             | You say the term pivot like its a startup founder who has
             | every option in life. You should feel bad for anyone who
             | would struggle for a basic job.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | the history of humans on earth has been pivots, even
               | amongst people who had few options.
               | 
               | I don't subscribe to feeling guilty every time somebody
               | loses a job. I feel empathy, but telling people to "feel
               | bad" is not constructive.
        
               | phainopepla2 wrote:
               | "Feel bad for" is not the same as "feel bad". The former
               | is the same as feeling empathy, in colloquial English
        
             | SirFatty wrote:
             | "It must be interesting being an Uber driver right now and
             | literally watching the robots that will replace you driving
             | around with you."
             | 
             | You mean the way taxi drivers had to watch as Uber and Lyft
             | replaced them?
        
               | umeshunni wrote:
               | > You mean the way taxi drivers had to watch as Uber and
               | Lyft replaced them?
               | 
               | For the most part, they were the same drivers I think
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | I imagine most traditional taxi drivers converted into
               | Uber and Lyft drivers. Unique regulatory circumstances in
               | places like NYC might have delayed that process some of
               | course (eg trying to pay off a medallion).
               | 
               | Uber and Lyft drivers are taxi drivers.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Drivers rarely owned the medallion. They leased the cab
               | for 8-12 hours and drove it on behalf of the medallion
               | owner.
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | What a stupid process. It bothers me that farmers rarely
               | own the land too. We can't shake our tendency to let
               | wealth turn us into tiny little kings that live off the
               | rent. (not so tiny in the case of farms, but you get it).
        
               | sib wrote:
               | I've been in plenty of Uber & Lyft rides in what were
               | literally taxis.
        
               | ang_cire wrote:
               | It's funny how "exploit workers worse (medallions) and
               | worse (rideshares) until we can fully cut them out" has
               | played out in such a perfect microcosm, and yet somehow
               | people here don't seem to register that it was never the
               | workers' own fault.
               | 
               | Taxis didn't lose because rideshares played the game
               | better, they lost because rideshare companies used
               | investor money to leapfrog their apps, ignored actual
               | commercial transport regulations that would have made
               | them DOA, and then exploited workers by claiming they
               | weren't even employees, all so they could artificially
               | undercut taxis to kill them off and capture the market
               | before enshittifying.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Taxi companies didn't have any apps to leapfrog in the
               | first place. Uber and Lyft created a superior product
               | that people wanted. Doesn't matter whose fault it is, the
               | buyers preferred something that was more convenient.
               | 
               | There was never a situation where uneducated cabbies on
               | shoestring budgets were going to be able to develop an
               | Uber/Lyft alternative.
        
               | ang_cire wrote:
               | > Taxi companies didn't have any apps to leapfrog in the
               | first place.
               | 
               | This shows just how badly behind they were. All the large
               | cab companies have had apps for years. No one knows about
               | them.
               | 
               | Here's YellowCab's: https://rideyellow.com/app/
               | 
               | > uneducated cabbies on shoestring budgets were going to
               | be able to develop an Uber/Lyft alternative.
               | 
               | Are you under the impression that most cabs are/ were
               | independent? That wasn't the case since at latest the
               | 1980s. Having a radio dispatcher is a _huge_ necessity as
               | a cab driver.
        
               | mattzito wrote:
               | I think you have to go market by market to make that
               | statement. In NYC, for example, it was explicitly illegal
               | for yellow cabs to accept radio/pickup calls, which was
               | the domain of the livery cabs (black cars). The tradeoff
               | was that only yellow cabs could do street hails. That
               | worked for everybody for years - yellow cabs did a volume
               | business, livery cabs were for outer boros or
               | luxury/business travel and would sneakily try to pick up
               | street hails.
               | 
               | In those days if you needed a car to take you someplace,
               | aside from the outer boro examples, it was always faster
               | to get a yellow cab. The car services could maybe get
               | there in 45 minutes if you were lucky - big companies
               | would often have deals with car service companies to have
               | a few cars stationed at their buildings for peak times,
               | so execs didn't have to wait for a car.
               | 
               | The yellow cab operators were essentially all independent
               | - many rented their medallion/vehicle, either from a
               | colleague or an agency, but they worked their own
               | schedules and their own instincts on where to be picking
               | up fares at given times.
               | 
               | No one expected something like uber - what is essentially
               | a street hail masquerading as a livery cab. This
               | basically destroyed yellow cabs and the traditional
               | livery cab companies, but some of it is attributable to
               | the VC spend, lowering prices (yellow cab fares are set
               | by the city, livery cab fares are market-regulated) and
               | incentivizing drivers. They made it so lucrative to drive
               | an uber that you had thousands of new uber drivers on the
               | road, or taxi drivers who stopped leasing their
               | medallions and started driving uber.
               | 
               | At some point, though - the subsidies dried up, prices
               | went up, and now its often faster to get a yellow cab
               | than an uber/lyft. This is anecdata, but I take cabs a
               | lot, and I've spoken with ~6 taxi drivers in the last
               | year who either started with driving uber and shifted to
               | driving a taxi, or went taxi-uber-taxi. Then I've had a
               | lot more taxi drivers where they need passengers to put
               | the destination into the driver's waze or google maps,
               | even for simple things like intersections - I suspect
               | they're uber drivers who became depedent on the in-app
               | directions and native language interactions.
               | 
               | But the broader point I'm making is that in NYC, the
               | drivers themselves were essentially unable to do anything
               | about the changing market. The only power they had was to
               | shift between the type of fares they were getting. And
               | today when you order an uber, sometimes you get a yellow
               | cab.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | Taxi drivers were already not employees, they were
               | exploited contractors for the taxi companies.
               | 
               | And do you not remember what using Yellow Cab was like in
               | the Bay? It was like being kidnapped. They'd pretend
               | their credit card reader was broken and forcibly drive
               | you to an ATM to pay them.
               | 
               | When I first moved here I went to EPA Ikea, afterwards
               | tried to get home via taxi, and literally couldn't
               | because there was a game at Stanford that was more
               | profitable so they just refused to pick me up for hours.
               | I had to call my manager and ask him to get me. (...Which
               | he couldn't because he was drinking, so I had to walk to
               | the Four Seasons and use the car service.)
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Taxis lost at least partly because the workers were
               | assholes. Refusing to take credit card payments (the card
               | reader is "broken") or not picking up members of certain
               | ethnic groups or not driving to certain areas. Sure some
               | cabbies were nice, honest people with good customer
               | service skills but those were the exception in many
               | cities.
               | 
               | There was nothing stopping taxi companies from raising
               | investor capital to build better apps and back end
               | technology infrastructure. They were just lazy and
               | incompetent.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | > some cabbies were nice, honest people
               | 
               | Most were, in fact. You just remember the assholes a lot
               | more.
        
               | energy123 wrote:
               | Enshittifying? It's still better than taxis ever were and
               | competition between providers is preventing that from
               | regressing.
        
             | cynicalsecurity wrote:
             | > It must be interesting being an Uber driver right now and
             | literally watching the robots that will replace you driving
             | around with you.
             | 
             | You mean just like programmers watching AI replacing them?
        
               | ang_cire wrote:
               | AI doesn't replace programmers, it's used _by_
               | programmers for efficiency.
               | 
               | Waymo is most definitely not being used by taxi or
               | rideshare drivers to be more efficient.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | As I understand, Waymo still uses humans in some
               | circumstances. Theoretically, the drivers could do this
               | job instead.
               | 
               | https://waymo.com/blog/2024/05/fleet-response/
        
               | JeremyNT wrote:
               | Waymo definitely uses human drivers in some markets...
               | _currently_
               | 
               | Just like AI still uses human programmers... _currently_
        
             | vinni2 wrote:
             | Actually i spoke a uber driver about this and he said he
             | was waiting for cars with FSD available to buy then he
             | could make his car work for him.
        
               | tuhgdetzhh wrote:
               | If he can create a buisness of operating a fleet of self
               | driving cars fine, but 99% of regular taxi/uber drivers
               | will loose their job.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | It's interesting that we're on the cusp of a major change
             | in our world and no one is really talking about it. Self
             | driving cars will have a profound impact on society.
             | Everything from real estate to logistics will be impacted.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Looking forward to when they get rid of traffic lights
               | and the networked cars just whiz through and avoid
               | hitting each other. They'll also seamlessly zip lanes
               | together on the highway, and traffic waves will be a
               | thing of the past. Maybe China will do it first.
        
               | onemoresoop wrote:
               | No thoughts on pedestrians? With no traffic lights it'd
               | be a total nightmare to be a pedestrian
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | You could still have pedestrian crossings with buttons
               | etc which signal the cars to stop, just the same logic as
               | we have now. Maybe even physical lights for redundancy.
               | Pedestrians are pretty rare in most places though so this
               | shouldn't slow things down too much.
        
               | nxor wrote:
               | Some places are less car-dependent. That plays a role
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | > I don't know if I trust Waymo cars with my life, but at
           | least there are SOME standards, compared to the natural
           | variance of humans.
           | 
           | The one thing you _can_ trust Waymo to do is spy on you.
           | Hurray, more surveillance-on-wheels! Every one of these
           | things has 29 visible-light cameras, 5 LIDARs, 4 RADARs, and
           | is using four H100s to process all of its realtime imagery of
           | you: https://thelastdriverlicenseholder.com/2024/10/27/waymos
           | -5-6...
        
         | holler wrote:
         | I had my first waymo ride in Austin recently and it suddenly
         | slowed down to 20mph in 40mph zone for 5+ mins before returning
         | to normal speed. Cars were passing around us and it felt like
         | the car was glitching out, which felt very sketchy.
        
           | vjerancrnjak wrote:
           | I was doing this a lot in US whenever I'd see construction
           | work speed limits and had similar experience. Realized no one
           | cares about these custom signs.
        
             | daemonologist wrote:
             | Yeah it always wigs me out going through those super narrow
             | "55 mph" construction zones on US highways. I'm not in a
             | hurry and want to slow down, but if I did I'd have semis
             | blowing past at 75 which feels even more unsafe. Honestly I
             | think they should put up speed cameras.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | In my corner of the world it was the workers who demanded
               | section control limiting speed to 70kmph in a segment of
               | highway that was being renovated.
               | 
               | Authorities later said that they only went after 30% of
               | the worst offenders, because otherwise the sheer number
               | of tickets would be to high to process in a reasonable
               | timespan.
               | 
               | Once word got out that the limit was actually enforced,
               | speeds dropped. Now we have section control on some
               | highways and personally I'm a fan, as I was always going
               | around the speed limit anyway.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | What do you mean by "section control"? A did a quick
               | search and founds lots of possibilities but none that
               | seem to apply to construction zone speed control.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | Average speed camera. "Section control" is how they were
               | named in Austria where I've first encountered them and
               | the term translates to something similar in my language,
               | so I assumed that was the English term, but it appears to
               | be a case of Onglish.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Yeah, Average Speed Camera is definitely the terminology
               | in the UK.
               | 
               | This is distinct from just a Speed Camera which is
               | measuring over a very short interval from a single
               | camera, the Average Speed Camera involves two or more
               | cameras, recording people passing different points and
               | working out how fast, on average, they must be travelling
               | to have done so.
        
               | scoofy wrote:
               | Enforcement of traffic laws for public safety?!? Clearly
               | you don't have American priorities. You need to focus
               | more on _level of service_ and _only_ level of service.
               | 
               | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S09
               | 666...
               | 
               | https://archive.strongtowns.org/journal/2021/9/9/improvem
               | ent...
               | 
               | Some of you may die, but that's a price we're willing to
               | make.
        
           | thebytefairy wrote:
           | I've been in ride shares where the driver has crossed a curb
           | road divider or squeezed through tiny gaps in front of
           | trucks. Going too slow sounds like a better 'bad' experience
           | to me.
        
           | mdorazio wrote:
           | Are you sure it was actually a 40mph zone in that section?
           | Austin has plenty of school and construction zones with lower
           | speed limits that most drivers completely ignore.
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | > Waymo was a better experience in every single way. One of the
         | Lyfts i was in drove on the shoulder for a while like it was a
         | lane.
         | 
         | These sentances conflict. I recently took a taxi from JFK to
         | Manhattan during rush hour, and I estimate if the driver didn't
         | use all of the paved surface, it would have taken at least 10
         | more minutes to arrive. (And it wouldn't have been an authentic
         | NYC experience)
         | 
         | It's ok if you prefer the Waymo experience, and if you find it
         | a better experience overall, but if a human driver saves you
         | time, the Waymo wasn't better in every single way.
         | 
         | I am assuming the Lyft driver used the shoulder effectively. My
         | experience with Lyft+Uber has been hit or miss... Some drivers
         | are like traditional taxi drivers: it's an exciting ride
         | because the driver knows the capabilities of their vehicle and
         | uses them and they navigate obstacles within inches; some
         | drivers are the opposite, it's an exciting ride because it
         | feels like Star Tours (is this your first time? well, it's mine
         | too) and they're using your ride to find the capabilities of
         | their vehicle. The first type of driver is likely to use the
         | shoulder effectively, and the second not so much.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | You want your cab driver to drive on the shoulder and break
           | the law? What?
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | You may want to become aware of the existence of New York
             | City. It's a pretty interesting place.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | Yeah, that sounds like NYC nonsense. I assume it's still
               | illegal to drive on the shoulder in New York.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Perhaps. But if you have a taxi or car service driver
               | who's not willing to ever break any traffic laws in New
               | York, you will not arrive at your destination in anything
               | approaching a reasonable amount of time.
               | 
               | For example, getting at the back of the line for an exit
               | rather than trying to go to the front and cut your way in
               | could be a multi-hour mistake.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | I hope robocars get really good at maintaining close
               | formation and keeping out asshole linecutters.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Haha, this is both entirely true and entirely the reason
               | why NYC is pretty much stuck where it is. If cities were
               | parables, NYC would be The Parable of the Tragedy of the
               | Commons. Globally, among cities I've been to it would
               | have to be Delhi, but NYC is certainly in that category
               | of South Asian cities where the infrastructure is far
               | outpaced by the population and the population is like a
               | swarming rat king constantly jockeying for a few inches
               | more.
               | 
               | It's a viral race to the bottom.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | This just sounds like an argument to ban cars for private
               | use and invest more in transit.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Certainly it sounds like that. However whatever cultural
               | transformation turns Man into Rat King has already
               | occurred so you'll notice that it costs over a billion
               | dollars per mile of subway in NYC. Everyone who hasn't
               | figured out how to leech off the government is a fattened
               | milk cow whose production is harvested industrially.
               | 
               | New Yorkers are already incapable of non-extractive
               | development. Like the GP they have been transformed into
               | zero-sum zombies by their city. A cautionary tale of
               | culture.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | This is absurd, and it's a**hole behavior you're
               | defending.
               | 
               | You don't need to break any laws to get to where you're
               | going, what are you even talking about? And you think
               | that just because you're in a taxi you should get to
               | magically cut to the front of a line of cars, made of the
               | vast majority of New Yorkers who actually respect each
               | other? What could possibly make you feel so entitled?
               | 
               | And if you think waiting in line for an exit takes
               | _multiple hours_ , I question whether you've ever been to
               | NYC in the first place.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | No, I don't think it's because you're in a taxi. I think
               | everybody should try to cut to the front of the line.
               | That's what everybody does in New York, and it works
               | pretty well. It's pretty easy to understand what's gonna
               | happen next.
               | 
               | I've lived in New York for longer than most HN posters
               | here have been alive, most likely. A couple of times a
               | year, I'll end up in a car with someone who doesn't
               | understand how this whole thing works, and they'll do
               | something insane like getting on the Brooklyn Bridge and
               | then just staying in the right lane the entire time
               | waiting to get off to the right. Or they'll sit on the
               | BQE at the Flushing Avenue exit a mile back from the
               | exit, causing me to waste large portions of my life that
               | I will never get back.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _I think everybody should try to cut to the front of
               | the line. That 's what everybody does in New York, and it
               | works pretty well._
               | 
               | I'm sorry, but you clearly don't live here, or at least
               | don't drive here. You're describing some kind of Mad Max
               | fantasy, like the image of New York people get from
               | movies and fiction where everyone is flipping everyone
               | else the bird every thirty seconds.
               | 
               | People in NYC are pretty cooperative. Driving isn't
               | every-man-for-himself. I don't know why you're trying to
               | paint this picture of some lawless fantasy. Maybe you
               | think it's exciting, but it's not connected to reality.
        
               | senordevnyc wrote:
               | I live and drive in NYC, and this is utter bullshit. To
               | the extent that it's difficult to drive here, it's
               | _because_ of assholes who think they deserve to cut the
               | line and fuck it up for everyone else.
               | 
               | Please stop driving here, you clearly aren't qualified to
               | do so.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Come to the dark side.
        
               | pastureofplenty wrote:
               | Americans are increasingly adopting the kind of mindset
               | Israelis have, where following the rules makes you a
               | sucker. https://www.thejc.com/judaism/jewish-
               | words/freier-fa15k306
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Apart from not having to deal with a human, observance of
               | traffic laws is the main advantage I see in autonomous
               | vehicles. Once there are a decent proportion of them on
               | the road we can ratchet up penalties against human
               | asshole drivers, conviction aided by evidence gathered by
               | the sensors on the surrounding non-human vehicles.
        
           | estearum wrote:
           | > These sentances conflict. I recently took a taxi from JFK
           | to Manhattan during rush hour, and I estimate if the driver
           | didn't use all of the paved surface, it would have taken at
           | least 10 more minutes to arrive. (And it wouldn't have been
           | an authentic NYC experience)
           | 
           | My hot take is that people who "use all of the paved surface"
           | because their whiny passenger is "in a rush" (which of course
           | _everyone_ stuck in traffic is) should permanently lose their
           | license on the very first offense.
           | 
           | It is just gobsmackingly antisocial behavior that is 1)
           | locally unsafe and 2) indicative of a deep moral rot.
           | 
           | Obviously exceptions can be made for true emergencies and
           | what not, but "I need to save 10 minutes" is not one of them.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | My hot take is that anyone who would take a taxi from JFK
             | to Manhattan, along the most well-served transit corridor
             | on the continent, is probably a psycho and we shouldn't ask
             | for their input on transportation topics.
        
               | estearum wrote:
               | JFK to Manhattan is actually not _that_ easy for a
               | newcomer. JFK - Airtrain - LIRR - Subway is a very stupid
               | design.
               | 
               | That said, yes GP is obviously a psycho.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Oh my sweet summer child.
               | 
               | I've got news for you about how dysfunctional New York
               | City transit planning has been and the status of transit
               | to our three giant airports.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | You do realize that public transportation doesn't provide
               | luggage carts? That you can't take those out of the
               | airport?
               | 
               | If you're traveling with a family or group, it really is
               | often going to be much easier to take an XL Uber than
               | deal with turnstiles and transfers and stairs and
               | everything.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | So what you're saying is if you're not in a big group or
               | traveling with family, you absolutely SHOULD take public
               | transportation.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | ...no? Maybe re-read the first half.
               | 
               | I've come from abroad with two large checked bags, a
               | carry-on, and a backpack. You think I'm trying to take
               | all that through the subway?
               | 
               | Obviously, yeah if you're traveling solo with a carry-on,
               | most people take public transportation.
               | 
               | Or not, if it's 1 am and you don't want to be waiting 20
               | minutes for each connection.
               | 
               | Also, if you're a tourist new to the city after a long
               | flight, the last thing you want to do is figure out the
               | massively complicated transit system. Just having someone
               | take you straight to your hotel where you can shower and
               | sleep and deal with jet lag can be an important priority.
        
               | sib wrote:
               | There are many, many, many airports to which it is easier
               | to travel via public transit from their associated city
               | than it is from Manhattan to JFK. For example, all of
               | these global-top-25 airports have single-train access:
               | 
               | London Heathrow (LHR)
               | 
               | Tokyo Haneda (HND)
               | 
               | Amsterdam Schiphol (AMS)
               | 
               | Paris-Charles de Gaulle (CDG)
               | 
               | Frankfurt (FRA)
               | 
               | Dubai (DXB)
               | 
               | Seoul Incheon (ICN)
               | 
               | Guangzhou (CAN)
               | 
               | Shanghai Pudong (PVG)
               | 
               | New Delhi (DEL)
               | 
               | Madrid Barajas (MAD)
               | 
               | Beijing Capital (PEK)
               | 
               | Chicago O'Hare (ORD)
               | 
               | Denver (DEN)
        
               | jwagenet wrote:
               | I don't get the gripe. AirTrain gets you to A,E,J,Z, and
               | LIRR, all of which get you to "Manhattan" or a
               | significant number of intermediate destinations in about
               | an hour. LGA is far worse.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Having to take AirTrain beyond the terminals at all is
               | annoying. LIRR should just go to JFK directly. AirTrain
               | is slow as molasses, and the fact that it costs money is
               | absurd. It works and I'm glad it exists, but it's nothing
               | like e.g. the Paris RER connecting CDG.
               | 
               | You generally never want to take A/E/J/Z because they're
               | _sooo_ much slower than LIRR, unless you live along them.
               | 
               | Yes, LGA is far worse.
        
           | asadm wrote:
           | couldn't you have arrived 10 minutes later or was endangering
           | life worth it?
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | I certainly could have arrived 10 minutes later, but I
             | wouldn't say that arriving 10 minutes later would result in
             | a better experience _in every way_. It might result in a
             | hypothetically safer experience (in the instance, there
             | were no collisions so safety was achieved) or a morally
             | better experience (according to the HN consensus morals
             | that deem me a psychopath for either taking a cab at all or
             | because I did not intervene and let the cab driver drive as
             | he saw fit). Up to you what criteria you judge the overall
             | trip on, I 'm just pointing out that if the trip time is
             | longer, the trip is not better _in every way_ ; at least
             | absent an unusual requirement such as if you wanted to see
             | the sights on the way, a shorter but less scenic trip would
             | be a negative; or if you had a timing constraint that you
             | must not arrive before a certain time, a shorter trip might
             | infringe that constraint and would be a negative --- no
             | such constraint was mentioned.
             | 
             | I don't know that any life was endangered either. I would
             | accept an argument that property was endangered, certainly
             | the margin between vehicles was very close, but at speeds
             | where a collision would not have been injurious.
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | Uh...driving in the shoulder is illegal.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _it would have taken at least 10 more minutes to arrive.
           | (And it wouldn 't have been an authentic NYC experience)_
           | 
           | Lived in New York for 10+ years and still go back regularly.
           | This is unacceptable behaviour by a cabbie.
           | 
           | Given the amount of construction and thus police presence on
           | that route right now, you're lucky you didn't get a 60-minute
           | bonus when the cab got pulled over. (The pro move during rush
           | hour and construction is (a) not to, but if you have to, (b)
           | taking the AirTrain and LIRR.)
        
         | LZ_Khan wrote:
         | Waymo is overly conservative last time I checked. Driving the
         | speed limit basically means getting to your destination twice
         | as slow.
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | You realize it's technically illegal to drive faster than the
           | speed limit, right? In the eyes of the law, it's doesn't
           | matter whether everyone else is doing it or not.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | It's more complicated than that because several (most?)
             | states have contradictory laws about impeding traffic. It
             | can technically be illegal to drive at (or below) the speed
             | limit because it creates an unsafe environment for all the
             | other cars on the road that are driving faster, even if
             | they're all breaking the legal speed limit.
             | 
             | It's not a viable defense if you get a ticket for speeding
             | but in practice the speed limit is really the prevailing
             | speed of traffic plus X mph, where X adjusted for the
             | state. I.e. in my experience Texas is more strict about the
             | speed limit even on their desolate highways, LA is about 10
             | mph faster than San Francisco, in Seattle it depends on the
             | weather, you'll never hit the speed limit in New York
             | anyway, and in Florida you just say the gator ate the
             | officer who pulled you over.
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | _It's more complicated than that because several (most?)
               | states have contradictory laws about impeding traffic._
               | 
               | No they don't, you've misinterpreted what was written.
               | "Not impeding traffic" is not codified as "exceed the
               | speed limit if everyone else is, or get a ticket".
               | 
               | Or perhaps you have a documented counter-example.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | I don't know what you mean by "documented" but here is
               | Georgia:
               | 
               |  _> No person shall drive a motor vehicle at such a slow
               | speed as to impede the normal and reasonable movement of
               | traffic, except when reduced speed is necessary for safe
               | operation._ [1]
               | 
               | Versus California:
               | 
               |  _> No person shall drive upon a highway at such a slow
               | speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable
               | movement of traffic unless the reduced speed is necessary
               | for safe operation, because of a grade, _or in compliance
               | with law_._ [2] (underscore emphasis mine)
               | 
               | It's part of the Uniform Vehicle Code but each state has
               | its quirks in how they adopt it since theres no federal
               | mandate.
               | 
               | My apologies though, this seems way less common than I
               | thought. As far as I can tell Georgia and Oregon are the
               | only two states left that don't have that compliance
               | exception.
               | 
               | On the other hand "in compliance with law" is it's own
               | barrel of monkeys because it doesn't specify priority.
               | 
               | [1] https://law.justia.com/codes/georgia/title-40/chapter
               | -6/arti...
               | 
               | [2] https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displa
               | ySectio...
        
               | bcrosby95 wrote:
               | > I don't know what you mean by "documented" but here is
               | Georgia:
               | 
               | Georgia isn't going to punish you for going the speed
               | limit in the right lane, they passed that law recently
               | and called it the 'slow poke law'.
               | 
               | > On the other hand "in compliance with law" is it's own
               | barrel of monkeys because it doesn't specify priority.
               | 
               | It really isn't.
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | _> Georgia isn 't going to punish you for going the speed
               | limit in the right lane, they passed that law recently
               | and called it the 'slow poke law'._
               | 
               | So you're saying they had to pass a law clarifying a
               | contradiction in previous laws? Those contradictions were
               | my original point. And it still only applies to the slow
               | poke lane.
               | 
               |  _> It really isn 't._
               | 
               | Oh you sweet summer child.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | The rule in Indiana is that on a multilane highway you
               | must move to the right to allow overtaking traffic to
               | pass. You are not there to enforce the speed limit; the
               | fact that another car that is passing you might be
               | speeding does not give you the right or duty to block
               | them.
               | 
               | "a person who knows, or should reasonably know, that
               | another vehicle is overtaking from the rear the vehicle
               | that the person is operating may not continue to operate
               | the vehicle in the left most lane"
               | 
               | With of course some reasonable exceptions.
               | 
               | https://law.justia.com/codes/indiana/title-9/article-21/c
               | hap...
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | _The rule in Indiana is that on a multilane highway you
               | must move to the right to allow overtaking traffic to
               | pass._
               | 
               | That's a rule just about everywhere, but that's not
               | what's being discussed. I'm in the right lane doing the
               | speed limit, and OP claims that's "technically" illegal
               | due to contradictory laws. (Where there is no real
               | contradiction, because the Chesterton's Fence is that we
               | don't want Farmer Jones driving his tractor to his fields
               | down I-75 through Atlanta.)
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Right. What's (maybe) illegal (and definitely unsafe) is
               | staying in the left lane, although driving at the posted
               | speed limit, and impeding traffic that wants to pass.
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | Oh, as a Washington resident[0] I completely agree.
               | 
               | [0] The "joke" here being that WA drivers are notorious
               | about parking in the left lane while driving 5mph under
               | the limit. Yeah, I've heard all the "little old lady in
               | FL" stories. Florida drivers are not only not in the same
               | ballpark, it's not even the same sport.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _It's more complicated than that because several
               | (most?) states have contradictory laws about impeding
               | traffic_
               | 
               | As others have mentioned, this is dead wrong.
               | 
               | But the _actual_ complication is enforcement usually
               | requires a margin of error, and in some states ( _e.g._
               | Wyoming) you can go 10 mph over when passing.
        
               | lo_zamoyski wrote:
               | > It's not a viable defense if you get a ticket for
               | speeding but in practice the speed limit is really the
               | prevailing speed of traffic plus X mph, where X adjusted
               | for the state.
               | 
               | A lot of laws aren't _enforced_ consistently in practice,
               | sure. The implicit point is that while that may be so, it
               | is nonetheless enforceable and nonetheless the law. So
               | while individual people may be comfortable about being
               | flexible in following traffic laws, having that behavior
               | encoded or permitted by software is basically a
               | declaration of broad intent to violate the law made by a
               | company.
        
           | superfrank wrote:
           | I've ridden in Waymos in LA, SF, and Phoenix. You're right
           | about them being a bit conservative, but only in Phoenix did
           | I feel like that really slowed my ride. In LA and SF there
           | was so much traffic that even if cars pulled away from us,
           | we'd catch them at the next red light.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | My understanding was waymo in LA does not yet take freeways
             | (maybe this announcement will change that) which makes it a
             | strictly worse experience in LA specifically.
        
             | jessriedel wrote:
             | I check Google maps ETA estimates when I get in a car in
             | SF; they are accurate for Uber or Lyfts, but Waymos are
             | absolutely slower there. This is especially, but not
             | exclusively, true for routes where a human would take the
             | 101 or 280, for obvious reasons.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | At this point, any accident or rule violation can whip up a
           | luddite storm threatening the whole industry, so self driving
           | taxis will be _extremely_ cautious until the general public
           | have lost their fear.
        
           | Night_Thastus wrote:
           | "Twice as slow" is not even slightly accurate.
           | 
           | If you're driving 45 in a 40, that may _sound_ like 12%
           | faster, but once you add traffic, lights, stop signs, turns,
           | etc - you 'll find that the 12% all but evaporates. Even if
           | you're really pushing it and going 15 over, at most speeds
           | and for most typical commutes, it saves very little.
           | 
           | Most of the time speeding ends up saving on the order of
           | seconds on ~30 minutes or shorter trips.
           | 
           | Just about the only time it can be noticeable is if you're
           | _really_ pushing it (going to get pulled over speeds) on a
           | nearly empty highway for a commute of 1.5+ hours.
        
             | bcrosby95 wrote:
             | Yeah, I chuckle a bit when the person who blew by me on the
             | freeway at 80mph is just 2 cars ahead of me at the offramp
             | stop light.
        
               | ang_cire wrote:
               | Yeah, speed shouldn't be about time-to-destination except
               | for emergency vehicles. It's about fahrfegnuggen.
        
             | mostly_harmless wrote:
             | I'll add on that speeding is the biggest contributing
             | factor in accidents. And accident outcomes get
             | exponentially worse above 30mph. For every 10 mph of
             | increased speed, the risk of dying in a crash doubles.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | There's a great paper which I can't find any more that
               | said "going faster makes you take longer to get to the
               | destination"; they showed the expected value for arrival
               | time was longer at speed due to higher accident rates.
        
             | panarky wrote:
             | 93% of American drivers think they're better drivers than
             | the median driver [0].
             | 
             | This overconfidence causes humans to take unnecessary risks
             | that not only endanger themselves, but everyone else on the
             | road.
             | 
             | After taking several dozen Waymo rides and watching them
             | negotiate complex and ambiguous driving scenarios,
             | including many situations where overconfident drivers are
             | driving dangerously, I realize that Waymo is a far better
             | driver than I am.
             | 
             | Waymos don't just prevent a large percentage of accidents
             | by making fewer mistakes than a human driver, but Waymos
             | also avoid a lot of accidents caused by other distracted
             | and careless human drivers.
             | 
             | Now when I have to drive a car myself, my goal is to try to
             | drive as much like a Waymo as I can.
             | 
             | [0] https://gwern.net/doc/psychology/1981-svenson.pdf
        
               | Night_Thastus wrote:
               | It's not just overconfidence, it's selfishness.
               | 
               | Speeding feels like "I'm more important than everyone
               | else and the safety of others and rules don't apply to
               | me" personally. It's one thing to match the speed of
               | traffic and avoid being a nuisance (that I'm fine with) -
               | a lot of people just think they're the main character and
               | everyone else is just in their way.
               | 
               | It's a problem that goes way beyond driving, sadly.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | Eh this doesn't mean much. The quality of drivers is
               | pretty bimodal.
               | 
               | You have the group that's really bad and does things like
               | drive drunk, weave in and out of traffic, do their makeup
               | and so on.
               | 
               | The other group generally pays attention and tries to
               | drive safely. This is larger than the first group and
               | realistically there's not all that much difference within
               | the group.
               | 
               | If you're in group two you will think you're above
               | average because the comparison is to the crap drivers in
               | group one.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | In the real world 45 in a 40 will often enough get through
             | lights just before they turn to red often enough that your
             | real speed is more than twice as fast! Unless the city has
             | timed their lights correctly - which sounds easy but on a
             | grid is almost impossible for all streets. It all depends
             | on how the red lights are timed.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | Twice as slow was probably accurate when comparing Uber
             | with freeways vs Waymo (which wasn't using freeways yet).
             | 
             | But now that Waymo is gonna use freeways, that major speed
             | difference is gonna evaporate.
        
           | pastureofplenty wrote:
           | Waymo may be currently safer than human drivers, but this
           | right here is why I don't believe for a second they'll stay
           | that way. People will complain it took to long to get
           | somewhere because "stupid car was following _all_ the rules!
           | " and they'll be programmed to become more aggressive and
           | dangerous (and due to regulatory capture they'll get away
           | with this of course). I've already noticed this in San
           | Francisco.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Waymo cars are also more likely to be properly maintained. I've
         | noticed that a lot of Uber / Lyft cars have some kind of
         | warning light on the dashboard: check engine, low tire
         | pressure, overdue for service.
        
           | ang_cire wrote:
           | Waymo cars are new. Wait until their fleets are 10+ years
           | old. They'll have all the same bad maintenance issues that
           | airplanes, semis, rental cars, and any other company-owned
           | vehicles have.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Really? I fly a lot and Part 121 commercial airliners seem
             | to be pretty well maintained.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Very few airliners depart in perfect working order. There
               | is a "MEL" (minimum equipment list) that details which
               | systems can be inop and still operate the flight.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | None of that stuff really impacts safety. They're not
               | leaving the gate with under inflated tires or expired
               | engine oil.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Sure, however that's why there's a minimum. The problem
               | is that lots of GA aeroplanes aren't that well
               | maintained.
               | 
               | People aren't on the whole _suicidal_ , they're not going
               | to go up in a plane they expect to kill them, but they
               | absolutely will push their luck in privately owned planes
               | and statistically that doesn't end well. Go see the
               | figures for yourself, inadequate maintenance isn't first
               | on the list for why GA crash rates are too high, but it's
               | on there.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | "Aviation in itself is not inherently dangerous. But to
               | an even greater degree than the sea, it is terribly
               | unforgiving of any carelessness, incapacity or neglect."
               | 
               |  _Alfred Gilmer Lamplugh_
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | I expect that Waymo will have standards. In theory Uber
             | does as well, but since the drivers own their own cars they
             | can't enforce them. A 15 year old car that has been well
             | maintained is still safe to have on the road (within the
             | limits of the safety systems on board), while a 6 year old
             | car with a lot of miles that hasn't been maintained can be
             | deadly.
        
         | FuckButtons wrote:
         | They're a good experience, but consider, the other day I took
         | an uber in sf with a gay taxi driver who sang along to the Tina
         | turner he had on full blast, told me I was fabulous and almost
         | caused a crash at a 4 way stop. 5 stars. No notes.
        
           | Greed wrote:
           | Absolutely. The value proposition for me with rideshare
           | services has ALWAYS been the conversations and experiences
           | you get to have with a diverse cross section of humanity. I'd
           | take the bus / train otherwise.
        
         | mmmlinux wrote:
         | I also just wanted to mention one other nice thing about the
         | way Waymo worked vs other ride share apps. as soon as you open
         | the app, it tells you how long till you'll be picked up. even
         | before you tell it where you're going. no waiting for some
         | driver to choose your slightly out of the way trip for them. a
         | car just shows up when its supposed to, to take you where you
         | want to go.
        
         | dec0dedab0de wrote:
         | I feel like I won the lottery whenever I have an aggressive
         | driver that knows the city well. It makes me wonder if breaking
         | the law will be the main value proposition of human drivers at
         | some point.
        
           | bugufu8f83 wrote:
           | We have very different value systems, is the politest way I
           | would react to this. Aggressive drivers suck for everyone
           | else on the road and when I ride with one I feel like I've
           | lost something, not won something.
        
           | jimmydddd wrote:
           | In NY city, I've noticed that taxi drivers will get agressive
           | when we are stuck in traffic. They will start honking,
           | yelling, or changing from one almost stopped lane to another
           | almost stopped lane. I always thought it was theatrical, to
           | show me that they were trying hard, and not just letting the
           | fee increase while they sat stopped in traffic.
        
             | o_____________o wrote:
             | I think this is too much credit given for emotional labor.
             | NY has an intrusive din and these people live in their cars
             | all day. They evolve toward chronic irritation alleviated
             | with impotent shows of force.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | That is dumb. Go to a developing country and see what happens
           | when everyone is aggressive. Everyone cuts off everyone else
           | and drivers brake a lot (none of this waiting for a gap
           | before entering from a side street, for example, the
           | understanding is they'll brake for you). The end result is
           | much more slower traffic.
        
         | proee wrote:
         | So it might come down to how many "9s" you're comfortable with.
         | The experience is really good 99.999% of the time until it's
         | not, and that "not" could be catastrophic. I suppose the data
         | engineers are quite confident in the 9s.
        
           | timerol wrote:
           | This also applies to getting in a car with a human driver, or
           | to driving yourself. Or to any other way of getting from
           | point A to point B
        
           | AceJohnny2 wrote:
           | > and that "not" could be catastrophic
           | 
           | Any different than with a human taxi driver?
           | 
           | It's not about absolute reliability, it's about how well it
           | compares to the alternative, which is human taxi drivers. And
           | the thing is, you don't hear about human car accidents
           | because it's so common that it's not worth making the news.
        
             | AceJohnny2 wrote:
             | > _you don 't hear about human car accidents because it's
             | so common that it's not worth making the news._
             | 
             | Another very interesting thing about robotaxis is agency
             | and blame. Taxi driver had an accident? _Just that_ driver
             | is suspect. Robotaxi had an accident? _They 're all_
             | suspect.
        
               | hn8726 wrote:
               | I mean it does make sense though - robo taxis (of one
               | company) are much more homogeneous than any two human
               | drivers could ever be.
        
           | cheschire wrote:
           | Lyft is 99.99999% with 1.02 fatalities per 100 million
           | vehicle miles traveled[0].
           | 
           | Waymo is 100% with zero fatalities.
           | 
           | But then again, the Concorde was the safest airplane ever
           | built for nearly 30 years, until its first crash and then it
           | was the most dangerous passenger jet ever with 12.5 fatal
           | events per million flights.[1]
           | 
           | Lies, damned lies, and statistics.[2]
           | 
           | 0: https://assets.ctfassets.net/vz6nkkbc6q75/3yrO0aP4mPfTTvya
           | UZ...
           | 
           | 1: https://www.airsafe.com/journal/issue14.htm
           | 
           | 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lies,_damned_lies,_and_stati
           | st...
        
           | jsbg wrote:
           | How many 9s does lyft guarantee?
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | Oh great! Doing life-threatening activities is now verified by
         | anecdotal evidence.
         | 
         | I get there. Basically isn't any laws for corporations anymore,
         | is there any way I can see anything in regards to the safety of
         | this at a statistical level?
         | 
         | Where is NHTSA? Oh right, no federal agencies exist anymore
         | except for those that maintain the oligarchy.
         | 
         | And I don't give a crap if Uber has really good statistics and
         | studies and evidence. We are talking about one of the least
         | ethical companies in the last 20 years.
         | 
         | I want independent Federal testing.
        
           | donut_rider wrote:
           | You could, you know, just Google it:
           | https://waymo.com/safety/impact/. TLDR ~90% reduction of
           | serious injury compared with human drivers.
           | 
           | Now, before you say this peer-reviewed paper is corporate
           | propaganda, all self-driving companies are required by law to
           | disclose accidents they are involved in, whether liable or
           | not, in CA. You could access each raw accident report
           | published by the CA DMV periodically and come up with your
           | own statistics.
        
         | supportengineer wrote:
         | next _fare_
        
       | world2vec wrote:
       | An interesting prospect is that a bunch of autonomous cars on the
       | freeways might have a meaningful impact in preventing traffic
       | jams (specifically those "phantom jams") [0] simply by driving in
       | a calm and pondered way always at a constant distance.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m74zazYPwkY&t=1860s
        
       | paganel wrote:
       | No cats on freeways, so they're safe in that regard. Any word
       | back from Alphabet on the cat their machines killed in SF?
        
       | NooneAtAll3 wrote:
       | does anyone know statistics on computer-controlled cars' safety?
       | I can guess "safer than humans most likely", but by how much?
       | 
       | it seems like these robotaxis have been around long enough to
       | have conclusions now
        
         | brunoTbear wrote:
         | https://waymo.com/blog/2025/05/waymo-making-streets-safer-fo...
        
       | next_xibalba wrote:
       | Road in a Waymo last weekend in Austin. Amazing experience. I was
       | surprised at how mundane it felt. I had to keep looking at the
       | empty driver's seat to remind myself that I was experiencing
       | science fiction becoming reality.
       | 
       | I will say, I was surprised that the interior of the car was kind
       | of dirty. I would imagine this is going to be a growing issue
       | these FSD taxi fleets are going to have deal with. Lots of people
       | will behave poorly in them.
        
         | boulos wrote:
         | Sorry about that. Please file in-app feedback (now under Help >
         | Leave Feedback) any time you experience something like that.
         | There's a dedicated "Car Condition" tag.
        
       | vasusen wrote:
       | I am really excited for this. Once going home with my family via
       | Uber in SFO we realized on the freeway that our driver was high
       | and driving at 80-85 mph.
       | 
       | It was a really scary experience and I couldn't do much about it
       | in the moment.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | high on what?
        
           | junon wrote:
           | Does it matter? Can't think of a single substance that's safe
           | for driving a car.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | Amphetamines certainly
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | antidepressants?
        
           | iammattmurphy wrote:
           | Speed?
        
           | asadm wrote:
           | mj likely? which should be illegal.
        
           | starik36 wrote:
           | High on life!
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | How could you tell they were high?
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _How could you tell they were high?_
           | 
           | In New York it's not too difficult. Fidgitiness, twitchiness,
           | rambling series of _non sequiturs_ that make even my ADD
           | brain rattle. Screaming at traffic and running on the margin
           | one second and then asking me if I know that the archangel
           | who visited Muhammed was actually a demon the next. (I 'm not
           | Muslim. The conversation wasn't addressed to anyone in the
           | vehicle.)
           | 
           | Like, I guess I can't say they're taking too much of a
           | substance. But if they aren't, they're taking too little.
        
         | Austin_Conlon wrote:
         | One time my driver had a TV show playing on their dashboard
         | phone on 101.
        
           | cflewis wrote:
           | This happens to me >70% in the Bay peninsula now.
        
         | boulos wrote:
         | Make sure to do whatever "express interest" is required inside
         | the app. We've often done a first-come, first-served approach
         | for getting people off of waitlists, so get in now :).
        
       | robocat wrote:
       | Don't bother installing unless you know Waymo is available.
       | 
       | Otherwise the App frustratingly runs you through onboarding and
       | _then_ tells you it is unavailable in your area. I had tried
       | because they were supposed to be coming to New Orleans.
        
       | qnleigh wrote:
       | A lot of people rely on Uber and Lyft for supplemental or primary
       | income, so this could be very disruptive if it continues to
       | scale. Are we not worried about this in the medium-term?
       | 
       | Also I appreciate many of the random human interactions I've had
       | with Uber/Lyft drivers. Of course not every ride was great, but
       | many drivers had stories and experiences that no one I usually
       | meet would have. For me, the safe but bland experience of a self-
       | drivng car isn't worth losing the human touch, not to mention
       | taking away income for human drivers.
        
         | rrr_oh_man wrote:
         | Convenience beats everything (in capitalism)
        
         | alain94040 wrote:
         | To each their own. If you value human interaction, continue to
         | book rides with humans.
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | I read a lot that uber drivers don't actually make money on net
         | after accounting for all the costs of running their cars. It's
         | a common narrative that uber is just exploiting their drivers,
         | and if you believe that, then this would be a good thing.
        
         | maxwellg wrote:
         | I've also had drivers do 50+ in residential areas, run red
         | lights, play on their phones, cut off pedestrians in
         | crosswalks, and once even park in a handicap spot at a gas
         | station to buy cigs with me left in the back seat. If I was
         | guaranteed a driver that could obey the traffic laws, I'd be
         | happy to continue taking Ubers. That hasn't been the case.
        
         | MatekCopatek wrote:
         | Yes, sure, but that worry can be extended to all jobs lost to
         | AI and after that all jobs lost to any kind of technical
         | advancements.
         | 
         | So far the answer of the current economic system has been to
         | invent new products/services and redirect the workforce there.
         | It's been working so far, but isn't without issues - ever-
         | increasing consumption is bad for the environment; the jobs are
         | getting more and more pointless; people wonder why automation
         | doesn't result in shorter working hours for everyone.
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | It's come full circle from the people who were fighting
         | Uber/Lyft to protect taxi drives' livelihoods
        
       | rconti wrote:
       | Only ridden Waymo twice but I've been much happier with them than
       | the average Uber driver over the past few years.
       | 
       | I keep seeing them around my home in Menlo Park (Redwood City),
       | but they're still in testing phase and not available for booking
       | yet.
        
         | codemac wrote:
         | As of this morning, they should be. My app sent me a
         | notification today.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | Aha, right you are! I wasn't logged in since I recently got a
           | new phone.
        
           | johnneville wrote:
           | the service area still stops at Burlingame for me without
           | peninsula access yet
        
       | modeless wrote:
       | Nice, there's already a button in the app to get on the waitlist
       | for freeways. I'm curious to see how much it would cost to
       | commute with Waymo.
        
       | t1234s wrote:
       | Can Waymo scale up its fleet fast enough to match Tesla?
        
         | ra7 wrote:
         | Can Tesla make its software autonomous enough to match Waymo?
        
           | roman_soldier wrote:
           | Given Waymo are just now able to go on the highway which
           | Tesla's have been doing for years they are already way ahead.
           | Waymo won't exist this time next year they can't compete on
           | scaling and price.
        
             | inkysigma wrote:
             | If the standard for "going on the highway" is whatever
             | Tesla is doing, then Waymo was able to go on highways in
             | 2010 under the Chaffeur project. It turns out though that
             | the reliability of actually being driverless is a pretty
             | big gap and so no Tesla is not able to go the highway yet,
             | at least not in the same sense.
        
         | TulliusCicero wrote:
         | Tesla doesn't have an actual robotaxi fleet at all yet, they're
         | still in the testing phase with safety drivers/monitors.
        
       | cess11 wrote:
       | It'll be interesting to follow how these machines will be
       | exploited. I'm waiting for the first robotaxi mediated bombing or
       | similar attack.
        
       | zkmon wrote:
       | Are they fully self-contained or they need to talk back to
       | internet during the ride?
        
         | brokensegue wrote:
         | i don't know the answer but i'm curious why you want to know
        
       | denimnerd42 wrote:
       | This makes Dallas much more viable. I'm not sure if I'd have a
       | usecase for waymo other than going to the airport. The other use
       | cases such as going to work when my car is in the shop require
       | the freeway too. Only non freeway thing I'd use it for otherwise
       | is coming home from a neighborhood party or local restaurant/bar
       | when I've been drinking and I don't really drink.
        
       | schainks wrote:
       | I am super impressed by Waymo now. Uber and Lyft are in huge
       | trouble because the customer experience is just better in every
       | way.
        
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