[HN Gopher] The Mack Super Pumper was a locomotive engined fire ...
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       The Mack Super Pumper was a locomotive engined fire fighter (2018)
        
       Author : mstngl
       Score  : 72 points
       Date   : 2025-11-03 20:37 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bangshift.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bangshift.com)
        
       | MisterTea wrote:
       | Ah, the Mack Super pumper. Shame Mack started to struggle in the
       | 60s until the 80s and got out of the fire truck business. They
       | had some very interesting designs in terms of cab design and
       | components. I always loved the F model cab-over which were
       | produced until the early 80s which is what the CF fire truck was
       | built on.
        
       | giobox wrote:
       | That "deltic" engine just for the water pumping is incredible,
       | I'd never seen that cylinder layout before.
       | 
       | > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier_Deltic
        
         | ggm wrote:
         | The type 55 "deltic" locomotives, named after army regiments
         | used to do the east coast Edinburgh-London train run, there
         | were 22 of them in service and one in the science museum
         | London. They had the first 100mph rating for diesel passenger
         | service.
         | 
         | The engine had a unique characteristic whine or whistle. As an
         | avid train spotter at Waverley station in edinburgh I loved
         | hearing it, saw every one and was in the cab of two thanks to
         | long suffering kind engine drivers.
         | 
         | There was a mini deltic too. I'm not sure it went beyond a
         | testbed loco.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Those are amazing engines. It's a pity that in the future
           | we'll just be using magnets and coils, there something about
           | these designs that moves me in a way that nothing electrical
           | ever will. And I'm a great fan of renewable energy, and
           | realize that the pollution that has been created (and is
           | still being created) is absolutely unsustainable.
        
             | jcgrillo wrote:
             | There are people working on internal combustion engines
             | with a very similar design currently, for many applications
             | (military, trucking, etc) diesel or diesel electric is the
             | only realistic option for the foreseeable future:
             | https://achatespower.com/
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | > The Napier Deltic engine is a British opposed-piston
         | valveless, supercharged uniflow scavenged, two-stroke diesel
         | engine
         | 
         | Any tech that includes the word "scavenged" must be cool and
         | efficient
        
         | mrlonglong wrote:
         | They're unique. Originally designed to power fast torpedo boats
         | during WW2, three of these powerful and compact engines would
         | churn out plenty of power for the boat up to 50 kt.
         | 
         | https://everythingaboutboats.org/napier-deltic/
        
           | mrlonglong wrote:
           | They're still in use by our UK navy. Nine minesweepers still
           | on active duty.
        
             | mrlonglong wrote:
             | I just realised they re-engined them with cat engines in
             | 2008. Pity.
        
         | noir_lord wrote:
         | Napier was on the cutting edge of certain kinds of IC engines
         | for a long time.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier_Sabre (1938).
         | 
         | Powered the absolute _monster_ that was the Tempest (up to the
         | Mk 2 - they did have reliability issues they never quite solved
         | but 3000+HP out of an engine that weighs barely more than a
         | tonne dry will do that)
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Tempest
         | 
         | Was happy to see the name re-used for our upcoming fighter.
         | 
         | We also called the Eurofighter the Typhoon and the (WW2)
         | Typhoon (also a Sabre engine) was the predecessor of the
         | Tempest - it started as a re-wing of the Typhoon but enough
         | changes where made to give it a new name.
         | 
         | Just a devastating superprop in its day.
        
         | hydrogen7800 wrote:
         | Piston engines got pretty wild before turbines eventually took
         | over the world. The most efficient ones were more efficient
         | than today's turbines in terms of BSFC[0]. One of the most
         | interesting to me was the Napier Nomad[1], which used turbo-
         | and super-charging. However, the turbo had secondary fuel
         | injection and effectively ran as a turbine to drive the
         | compressor.
         | 
         | [0]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake-
         | specific_fuel_consumptio...
         | [1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier_Nomad
        
           | jabl wrote:
           | Napier Nomad is one of my favorite engine designs. More info
           | at https://oldmachinepress.com/2019/08/05/napier-nomad-
           | compound...
        
       | mtmail wrote:
       | How do you extinguish an oil-well fire? Enter the "Big Wind" with
       | two jet engines on a tank chassis. "The water is moving at a
       | maximum rate of 220 gallons of water a second,"
       | https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a15138374/stilling-the...
        
         | hakoda wrote:
         | You could also nuke it;
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urtabulak_gas_field
        
         | dewey wrote:
         | Tangentially related and recommended. Werner Herzog's film that
         | also features longer sections on the fire fighting efforts on
         | the oil fields.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lessons_of_Darkness
        
           | nchmy wrote:
           | Someone just recommended this to me the other day!
           | 
           | I must also recommend the recently-deceased legend Sebastiao
           | Salgado's photos from Kuwait oil fires.
           | 
           | https://publicdelivery.org/sebastiao-salgado-kuwait/
        
             | slybot wrote:
             | https://m.imdb.com/title/tt3674140/
             | 
             | I watched this movie on cinema a decade ago. Highly
             | recommended.
        
           | echelon_musk wrote:
           | For lighter viewing there is Sorcerer (1977) [0] with Roy
           | Scheider.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorcerer_(film)
        
           | mtmail wrote:
           | Video is hosted on archive.org
           | https://archive.org/details/lessons-of-darkness-1992
        
       | tonetegeatinst wrote:
       | I have a question for folks who handle pumps regularly. Almost
       | all pumps are made for water, or sewage. How do you identify if a
       | pump is rated to handle liquid metal or hot fluids (heated
       | chemicals, or contents under extreme pressure)
       | 
       | I have never heard of a standard class of pumps for this....other
       | than basically finding a manufacturer who specialized in these
       | sort of pumps.
        
         | korse wrote:
         | You're thinking of temperature and viscosity parameters.
         | 
         | Read the data sheets and look for those terms, or look for
         | manufacturers of pumps that maximize both.
        
         | estimator7292 wrote:
         | Those are pretty extreme applications that require extremely
         | specific pumps. You are very firmly in the "call for pricing"
         | territory
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | That's a bit outside my wheelhouse, but in regards to
         | firefighting specifically there is another such distinction
         | that comes up, and that is in regards to pumps that are
         | designed to regularly pump seawater, versus pumps that
         | primarily pump freshwater. The difference is mainly in the
         | materials used for building the pump, and relate to the
         | corrosive effects of seawater. You _can_ pump seawater with a
         | "normal" fire pump, but if you do it's imperative to flush the
         | pump (and other hose and appliances) thoroughly with freshwater
         | as soon as possible to avoid damage. The seawater rated pumps,
         | on the other hand, can handle seawater all the time. As you can
         | probably guess, the primary application of seawater rated pumps
         | is for fireboats or onboard firefighting on other sorts of
         | ships.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | My dad worked on the Space Shuttle main engine program in the
       | 80s. One of the things they built was the turbopump [0], which
       | generated 23,000HP (and could drain your average home swimming
       | pool in one minute).
       | 
       | Seeing the test firings of the pump was pretty amazing, draining
       | one "swimming pool" and filling another in a minute.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-25#Turbopumps
        
         | interroboink wrote:
         | To say nothing of the launchpad sound suppression water
         | system[1] that dumps 7,300 gal/sec (about 2-3 seconds for one
         | swimming pool)!
         | 
         | Though that's just gravity-fed, of course. Still pretty cool
         | though, I think (:
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_suppression_system
        
           | jauntywundrkind wrote:
           | The article uses various measures, so here's a quick table:
           | Baikonur Cosmodrome: 4,800 gal/s (peak)       Space Shuttle
           | Launch Complex 39: 7,317 gal/s (net)       Wallops: 4,000
           | gal/s (?)       SLS: 18,333 gal/s (peak)            Mack
           | Super Pumper (this article): 146 gal/s (net)
           | Replacement new Super Pumper 1: 87.5 gal/s (net)
        
       | citizenkeen wrote:
       | Something the article doesn't mention is why this was phased out.
       | Was it replaced with something similar?
        
         | plasticsoprano wrote:
         | Better building fire suppression systems. Not to mention
         | improvements to flame retardant materials.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | FDNY reintroduced the "Super Pumper" concept in a somewhat
         | different form a few years ago.
         | 
         | See:
         | 
         | https://www.firefighternation.com/lifestyle/new-fdny-super-p...
        
         | dublinben wrote:
         | Some interesting history here:
         | https://www.firerescue1.com/firefighting-history/articles/th...
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | The article says the "super pumper" could supply 8,800 gallons
         | per minute, and it came with three "satellite trucks [...] not
         | burdened with a pump of their own"
         | 
         | Your basic modern fire pump unit can pump 2,200 gallons per
         | minute (if you can find a water source that'll give you that
         | much) and it'd typically have a crew of 4-5 firefighters on
         | board.
         | 
         | So you'd probably replace it with 4 regular fire trucks? Then
         | you've got just as much pump capacity, plus you've got the
         | flexibility to send the trucks to different places.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | There was a fire station we used to walk past when my little boy
       | was about 2 years old. Often the fire trucks were out the front
       | being cleaned. The fire fighters always let him sit in the cabin.
       | Heaven for 2 year olds obsessed with trucks.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | 2400 hp sounds like a lot, but a Model X Plaid is 1020 hp. I
       | assume it couldn't output 1020 hp for as long though.
        
       | jauntywundrkind wrote:
       | This thing feels like a mortal danger to the (up to 8x!) iron
       | pipes / hydrants it's pulling from, that it'd want to just chew
       | up the very pipes themselves! Or to the building it's hurling 37
       | tons of water a minute at! I don't understand how a connector
       | hose wouldn't collapse, how it maintains any cross-section rather
       | than being sucked into collapse.
       | 
       | Also wondering: what replaced this!
       | 
       | (Ed: great reply from Mindcrime. Also, the new Ferrara Super
       | Pumper shows a very impressive ribbed(?) 8-inch "hard suction"
       | hose! There's a whole wikipedia section for these drafting/vacuum
       | hoses: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suction_hose)
        
         | amluto wrote:
         | I imagine the hydrants were operated at positive pressure.
         | Water mains are generally somewhere between 40 and maybe 120
         | psi gauge. You don't gain a whole lot by sucking on them - at
         | most you get to -14 psi, and you do not want to boil the water
         | (aka cause cavitation) in your pump.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | _This thing feels like a mortal danger to the (up to 8x!) iron
         | pipes / hydrants it's pulling from,_
         | 
         | When pumping a fire engine supplied by a hydrant (or any other
         | pressurized source, as opposed to drafting from a static water
         | source like a pond or lake) there's an idea of "residual
         | pressure" which is monitored by a gauge on the pump panel. The
         | engineer is responsible for making sure the residual pressure
         | doesn't drop below the level where damage would occur to the
         | water system, supply hose, or the pump itself. It's been a few
         | years, but I think most departments spec somewhere around 20psi
         | as the minimum residual pressure they allow.
         | 
         |  _Also wondering: what replaced this!_
         | 
         | The Super Pumper[1], of course! :-)
         | 
         | The new one isn't quite as extreme, not tractor drawn and no
         | separate engine. This is more of a traditional fire engine
         | style platform, but the specs are still pretty impressive.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.firefighternation.com/lifestyle/new-fdny-
         | super-p...
        
         | topspin wrote:
         | > Also wondering: what replaced this!
         | 
         | A collection of smaller pumps and monitors, which is likely a
         | better scheme, in terms of flexibility and fault tolerance.
         | While a remarkable design, the single pump with long hoses to
         | multiple hydrants, then radiating to multiple monitors, is a
         | system that takes great coordination and precious time to
         | deploy and rework in action.
         | 
         | The Napier Deltic engine is the party piece in all this. It is
         | an ambitious and yet successful design, intended to push the
         | limit of power-to-weight in a diesel engine. I investigated the
         | state of current diesel locomotive engines in comparison to the
         | Deltic and it remains, _to this day_ , the highest power-to-
         | weight diesel engine in use for locomotives. (There are half a
         | dozen still running in the UK today in limited service.) I've
         | personally visited the Bay City museum to see this engine.
         | 
         | These engines require forced induction; they cannot run
         | naturally aspirated. In its various naval, rail and other
         | applications there were many different induction designs
         | applied to the Deltic: turbos, superchargers and combinations
         | of both. Today, we have _electric_ forced induction, enabled by
         | the high performance electric motors that have emerged
         | elsewhere in transport applications. One thinks of what diesel
         | wonders might be created by combining the Deltic design with
         | electric forced induction.
        
           | jabl wrote:
           | I believe most contemporary marine two stroke diesels use
           | electrical blowers for scavenging at low speeds. At higher
           | speed the turbocharger spins up and takes over, and the
           | electric blowers are shut down.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | That https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier_Deltic is pretty
       | interesting.
       | 
       | You would initially think that the ignition events would be
       | evenly spaced, but that's not the case. For every delta triplet,
       | the ignitions come rapidly one after another, close together in
       | the cycle.
       | 
       | In that second animation on the page, showing the firing order
       | among 6 delta piston assemblies, if you keep your eyes fixated on
       | any of the six columns, you can see the three firing events.
       | Always C, B, A order.
        
       | jabl wrote:
       | In case someone is interested in the engine powering this thing,
       | a good writeup at https://oldmachinepress.com/2019/09/05/napier-
       | deltic-opposed...
        
       | mindcrime wrote:
       | And while we're talking about highly specialized firefighting
       | apparatus... while I don't think Chicago FD ever ran anything
       | quite like the FDNY Mack Super Pumper, they are well known for
       | their use of a piece of apparatus known as a "turret wagon".
       | Basically, it's a big-ass truck with a huge deluge gun (aka
       | "monitor" or "turret") mounted on the back, and with a big intake
       | manifold for receiving multiple supply lines. You could think of
       | a "turret wagon" as being conceptually akin to the "Satellite"
       | units that were part of the FDNY Super Pumper System.
       | 
       | Anyway, one of the best known Chicago Turret Wagons was "Big
       | John" (aka 6-7-3).
       | 
       | https://chicagoareafire.com/blog/2013/04/chicago-fd-turret-w...
       | 
       | https://chicagoareafire.com/blog/2013/04/chicago-fd-turret-w...
       | 
       | Not sure if CFD still maintain any Turret Wagons in contemporary
       | times or not, but variations on the concept are still found,
       | particularly in industrial fire departments that protect high
       | hazard sites like oil refineries, certain chemical plants, etc.
        
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