[HN Gopher] Bertie the Brain
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       Bertie the Brain
        
       Author : breppp
       Score  : 84 points
       Date   : 2025-10-24 07:00 UTC (7 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (en.wikipedia.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (en.wikipedia.org)
        
       | Syzygies wrote:
       | A December 1956 cover feature article in Radio-Electronics
       | magazine describes "Relay Moe" which plays tic tac toe with
       | adjustable levels of skill. It used 90 relays.
       | 
       | <https://www.vintagecomputer.net/cisc367/Radio%20Electronics%...>
       | 
       | Here is the full text, for discussing with agents:
       | 
       | https://archive.org/stream/RadioElectronics195701/Radio%20El...
       | 
       | This is a subject dear to my heart. I'm a mathematician who
       | routinely uses symmetry in counting problems. As a kid I remember
       | writing out a tic tac toe game tree in about ten pages. I must
       | have used symmetry, and I must have only mapped a winning
       | strategy, not all 765 game states up to symmetry.
       | 
       | So my first reaction to now reading that Bertie the Brain used
       | "addition tubes" was "Really? Can't you do that with relays?" And
       | the reality is that Bertie the Brain was a solution looking for a
       | problem, a demo project for these tubes, not an attempt at the
       | simplest way to implement such a machine.
       | 
       | Still, looking at the numbers, I'm impressed that Relay Moe
       | managed multiple levels of game play using only 90 relays. The
       | design exploited symmetry.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | Additron not addition.
        
           | ASalazarMX wrote:
           | > The Additron was an electron tube designed by Dr. Josef
           | Kates, circa 1950, to replace the several individual electron
           | tubes and support components required to perform the function
           | of a single bit digital full adder.
           | 
           | TIL
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | the mechanical chess computer was even more impressive imho
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Ajedrecista
       | 
       | early 1900s, that's incredible
       | 
       | the first electronic computer playing chess was almost 50 years
       | away
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | Note that it only played a single endgame scenario consisting
         | of three pieces.
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | Still more difficult than Tic-Tac-Toe...
        
             | Sharlin wrote:
             | Granted.
        
         | taneq wrote:
         | What, no small-statured chess mastermind hidden in there? :D
        
       | marshavoidance wrote:
       | I miss the days when video games were used to showcase technical
       | advances.
       | 
       | "Kates built the game to showcase his additron tube, a miniature
       | version of the vacuum tube, though the transistor overtook it in
       | computer development shortly thereafter."
        
         | embedding-shape wrote:
         | They sort of still are (Witcher 4 being used to showcase new UE
         | features and software+hardware optimizations is just one
         | example), but we're getting close to the point where we cannot
         | really add more details and realism to video games and they
         | still don't really hammer the hardware. Seems ML is the new
         | showcase if anything :)
        
           | vntok wrote:
           | > but we're getting close to the point where we cannot really
           | add more details and realism to video games
           | 
           | Lots of human senses aren't tackled by video games yet.
           | Smell, taste, balance, cardioception, proprioception, pain,
           | temperature, pressure are all missing. Where are the
           | immersive tanks or piezzoelectric coveralls that stimulate
           | all of our senses coherently? I bet adding those would hammer
           | the hardware.
        
       | aethrum wrote:
       | Man Canada used to be so impressive. We need to get back there
        
         | ge96 wrote:
         | RIP Avro Arrow
        
       | srcreigh wrote:
       | 2014 interview with the creator:
       | https://spacing.ca/toronto/2014/08/13/meet-bertie-brain-worl...
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | > "If the solid-state revolution had started ten years later, I
         | would have been a billionaire," he says. "Everybody would have
         | used Additrons instead of these big circuits."
         | 
         | I feel like this is the sentiment on HN for so many startup
         | projects that seem adjacent to other innovations
        
       | satiated_grue wrote:
       | On the tic tac toe topic, MENACE is just startlingly cool:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matchbox_Educable_Noughts_and_...
        
       | moralestapia wrote:
       | Toronto leading AI since the 50s woo!
        
       | NoSalt wrote:
       | So ... Joshua was the next evolution of Bertie?
        
       | krustyburger wrote:
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=UOAdGjj-hIg
        
       | arionmiles wrote:
       | As I was reading through this, I came to the part that mentions
       | the cathode-ray tube amusement device and the words instantly
       | unlocked a long forgotten memory I had as a child reading DK
       | illustrated books on science and tech (I can't recall what the
       | book was called) and it's where I learnt about it being the first
       | video game ever.
       | 
       | Only tangentially related to this article but it took me back!
        
       | svat wrote:
       | The article says this was for the 1950 Canadian National
       | Exhibition, and it appears that a high-schooler Donald Knuth got
       | to see one such machine in Chicago (possibly on a school trip; he
       | grew up in Milwaukee) long before his first encounter with a
       | computer, as documented in TAOCP vol 4A:
       | 
       | > This setup is based on an exhibit from the early 1950s at the
       | Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, where the author was
       | first introduced to the magic of switching circuits. The machine
       | in Chicago, designed by researchers at Bell Telephone
       | Laboratories, allowed me to go first; yet I soon discovered there
       | was no way to defeat it. Therefore I decided to move as stupidly
       | as possible, hoping that the designers had not anticipated such
       | bizarre behavior. In fact I allowed the machine to reach a
       | position where it had two winning moves; and it seized both of
       | them! Moving twice is of course a flagrant violation of the
       | rules, so I had won a moral victory even though the machine had
       | announced that I had lost.
       | 
       | Later, a program for playing tic-tac-toe was one of the first
       | programs he wrote, after he entered college and discovered
       | computers. (He also quotes Charles Babbage!
       | https://research.swtch.com/tictactoe)
        
       | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
       | SF author Fred Saberhagen used an "automated" tic-tac-toe in one
       | of the first Berserker (intelligent machines bent on wiping out
       | organic life) stories.
       | 
       | The protagonist was a scout spaceship pilot, who for plot reasons
       | had to simulate being alert in communication with a Berserker
       | that could kill him if it determined he wasn't.
       | 
       | If memory serves, he devised some sort of branch elimination
       | algorithm using matchsticks, so that his tic-tac-toe games
       | improved with iteration...
       | 
       | That was 1963:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berserker_(novel_series)
        
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