[HN Gopher] Read your way through Ha Noi
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       Read your way through Ha Noi
        
       Author : jxmorris12
       Score  : 79 points
       Date   : 2025-10-11 17:28 UTC (6 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (vietnamesetypography.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (vietnamesetypography.com)
        
       | unkeen wrote:
       | > Note: The Vietnamese words in the original version of this
       | essay used diacritical marks. To comply with New York Times
       | style, the marks were removed before publication.
       | 
       | Why, in the year 2025, does the NYT still deem this to be
       | necessary?
        
         | haskellshill wrote:
         | Yeah, very silly in an article specifically about language. But
         | one may also ask, why do people still read NYT (and other
         | newspapers) in 2025, given that they are just inferior versions
         | of blogs, that you also have to pay for?
        
         | saoh wrote:
         | Read the text and judge for yourself how the diacritical marks
         | affect readability.
        
           | unkeen wrote:
           | Come on. I had no problems whatsoever.
        
           | haskellshill wrote:
           | Uh yeah they don't? Unless you also have problems with words
           | such as uber, facade, senor or creme brulee.
           | 
           | Rather, the removal of them affects readability in a similar
           | way to removing accents, punctuation or writing in all
           | lowercase.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | There are two types of diacritics, from the perspective of
             | any reader: the ones they are familiar with and understand,
             | and the ones that are visual noise. American and (West)
             | European audiences are typically more or less familiar with
             | the umlaut, accent, cedille and circumflex mark, and the
             | tilde. Other diacritical marks typically fall in the second
             | category for them, outside of use in their own language.
        
               | haskellshill wrote:
               | so just ignore the "visual noise" or "random scribbles"?
               | i dont get why youd want to remove meaning from an
               | article simply because you dont undestand it.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | For the same reason you choose one font over another: the
               | aesthetics of a text matter, especially to publishers.
               | 
               | Now, I should add that for an article that is
               | specifically about language, and even has some
               | illustrations of the meaning of these diacritics, this is
               | almost certainly a bad choice on the NYT's part. But as a
               | general rule, I think it is defensible.
        
               | haskellshill wrote:
               | Well, I disagree that simpler means better looking. It's
               | akin to arguing that a commie block has better aesthetics
               | than a gothic cathedral.
        
               | mavhc wrote:
               | So expose the reader to them until they become familiar,
               | problem solved
        
         | galaxy_gas wrote:
         | So many website that use custom font cannot render the
         | diacritics. I hate to see the single letter font change
         | constantly. Maybe this is related?
        
           | haskellshill wrote:
           | This really shouldn't be a problem for a newspaper with 2.5
           | billion USD revenue to figure out in 2025 though.
        
             | keane wrote:
             | https://rd.nytimes.com should be able to handle it
        
         | ragazzina wrote:
         | Because the NYT readers value simplicity more than
         | authenticity.
        
         | tsimionescu wrote:
         | Not directly related, but to avoid another thread on
         | diacritics: I wonder if any other language chose to use so many
         | diacritics for its official transliteration to a Latin
         | alphabet. As someone who doesn't read it, Vietnamese text often
         | appears as if it's randomly scribbled over.
         | 
         | On to your main topic: diacritics are only really useful for
         | people who speak a language. To everyone else, such as the vast
         | majority of the NYT's audience, they are purely a distraction.
         | My own language uses some diacritics, and we basically never
         | use them in international contexts. For example, if I have to
         | write my address on a paper form outside my country, I won't
         | ever write Bucuresti, I will write Bucuresti, because it makes
         | no difference to the reader and it may even confuse them. For
         | example, if someone wrote their address on paper as "Dinh Le",
         | I wouldn't be surprised if it got copied over as "Inh Le"
         | street, with the person doing the copying assuming that the
         | striketrhough was a correction, not a diacrtic.
        
           | haskellshill wrote:
           | I disagree, but your opinion may come from your ignorance
           | (sorry, lack of knowledge perhaps) of Vietnamese. First, it's
           | not a transliteration, it's their native alphabet. And the
           | diacritics mark tones, which is a very important part of the
           | language. An example from the article itself:
           | 
           | > In the case of Hoa Lo Prison, for example, "hoa" means
           | "fire," and "lo" means "furnace": the Burning Furnace Prison.
           | Without the marks, "hoa" means "flowers," and "lo" means
           | "worry," rendering the term "Hoa Lo" meaningless.
           | 
           | Your example doesn't work because (a) it's an address, not
           | text meant for reading and (b) turning s into s only alters
           | the pronunciation, while the meaning is still intelligible.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | I didn't know this is the official writing system of
             | Vietnam. This explains why they have so many diacritics
             | then, if it's their only writing system.
             | 
             | Even so, I don't think that changes my point. Sure,
             | diacritics serve an important purpose in a language. Many
             | words in Romanian are only differentiated in writing by
             | diacritics (for example, "in" means in, inside, while "in"
             | means linseed; "sa" means "to", while "sa" means his/her).
             | 
             | However, this is only relevant for a Romanian audience: an
             | international audience will not understand the words either
             | way, and will usually not even be able to differentiate
             | them from a list based on the presence or absence of the
             | marks. If Hanoi had both a Hoa Lo Prison and a Hoa Lo
             | Prison, non-Vietnamese speakers will have no idea which to
             | go to. Even less so if they had a Hoa Lo Prison in addition
             | to the others.
        
               | haskellshill wrote:
               | I still don't understand this attitude of "I can't be
               | bothered to try to understand it so it's useless".
               | Vietnamese is actually one of the more easy tonal
               | languages for westerners to understand, given that the
               | tone marks are literally pictograms of the pitch (and
               | it's not a transliteration like Ni Hao  -> ni hao). Why
               | are you so allergic to actually making use of that
               | feature?
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I'm not saying its useless, not at all - not for people
               | who speak Vietnamese. I'm saying it's not relevant for
               | people who don't.
        
               | dontlaugh wrote:
               | As a fellow Romanian, I don't see how Vietnamese is that
               | different from Romanian in its writing system. They both
               | overlay information onto the Latin alphabet, Vietnamese
               | merely does a lot more of it.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | It's not, that's my point. And yet, I don't often use
               | Romanian diacrtics when writing English, and I certainly
               | don't feel an international audience loses something if
               | we talk about driving down the Transfagarasan instead of
               | the Transfagarasan.
        
               | dontlaugh wrote:
               | I feel differently, I always write the diacritics. There
               | are fewer ambiguities than in Vietnamese, but enough to
               | matter. And everything has Unicode support now.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Handwriting definitely doesn't have Unicode support. And
               | neither does people's reading. It may even be easier to
               | guess what someone is mispronouncing if you see exactly
               | what they read (i.e. the letters without diacritics) than
               | if you see the diacritics and forget they mean nothing to
               | the other person.
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | So first, almost all words in vietnamese are only
               | differentiated by diacritics, it's just not a case of one
               | word here and there, removing them makes vietnamese text
               | mostly unreadable. So they are necessary even if you
               | don't know the language, just to translate it, even with
               | a computer.
               | 
               | And then no, diacritics are also relevant outside of
               | Vietnam, Vietnam isn't the only tonal language in the
               | world, some other nearby countries like China or Thailand
               | might get a better (but imperfect of course) idea on how
               | to pronounce these words.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Diacritics are not just tone markers, and half of the
               | tone marker diacritics don't correspond to the Pinyin
               | tone markers, so I doubt Chinese language speakers would
               | get much from seeing these diacritics either. The Thai
               | script tone markers are even more distinct, and it seems
               | that the Latin transcription of Thai script used in
               | Thailand tends to not include any tone markers at all -
               | so again, I doubt that Thai speakers would recognize the
               | Vietnamese diacritics and be better able to distinguish
               | Hoa Lo from Hoa Lo.
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | > Diacritics are not just tone markers, and half of the
               | tone marker diacritics don't correspond to the Pinyin
               | tone markers
               | 
               | I'm not 100% fluent but I don't know a single word which
               | isn't pronounced like it's phonetic writing. If these
               | words do exist, they must be very rare.
               | 
               | > I doubt that Thai speakers would recognize the
               | Vietnamese diacritics and be better able to distinguish
               | Hoa Lo from Hoa Lo.
               | 
               | At a first glance probably not but it should be very easy
               | to teach them that.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > I'm not 100% fluent but I don't know a single word
               | which isn't pronounced like it's phonetic writing. If
               | these words do exist, they must be very rare.
               | 
               | I'm saying that even if people familiar with pinyin
               | recognized the (very approximate) correspondnce between
               | Vietnamese tone markers and pinyin tone markers, they
               | would still not understand all of the other diacritics
               | that do other phonetic things that have no correspondent
               | in pinyin.
               | 
               | > At a first glance probably not but it should be very
               | easy to teach them that.
               | 
               | The same argument applies to anything that is teachable.
               | The NYT could start throwing in a few Chinese characters
               | in every article, to get people more familiar with
               | Chinese writing. Would that be nice? Sure. Does it make
               | any sense to wonder why they don't do it? I don't think
               | so.
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | I still don't get your point, we use Chinese pinyin
               | because they give a somewhat spoken version of words,
               | vietnamese sentences without diacritics are 100% useless,
               | they are useless to foreigners, useless to vietnamese
               | people and even more importantly, useless even for
               | machine translation and search. Who are they intended
               | for, I've no idea.
               | 
               | The western equivalent maybe would be removing all the
               | vowels of a sentence, yes you can do it but I'm not sure
               | how it's useful in any way to any audience.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I only talked about pinyin because Chinese familiarity
               | with tones was brought up as a reason why some non-
               | Vietnamese speakers might still recognize the diacritics
               | and get some value from them.
               | 
               | But even beyond that, I highly doubt that the article is
               | really ambiguous without diacritics. I somehow doubt that
               | if the NYT talks about a Hoa Lo prison somewhere in
               | Hanoi, there is any real ambiguity about the actual place
               | they are talking about. Sure, the words in themselves are
               | ambiguous, but the context makes them very clear. This is
               | not about writing Vietnamese without diacritics, which
               | I'm sure is extremely ambiguous. It's only about some
               | place names with very clear context about where and what
               | they are.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | I think the argument here is that Vietnamese script is so
               | extremely reliant on diacritics that it cannot possibly
               | make sense without them, despite looking legible to non-
               | speakers. Similar argument could be made about Chinese or
               | Japanese, but phonetic transcripts of those languages are
               | actual gibberish to everybody that nobody cares.
               | Vietnamese is on a such marginal point that frustrations
               | can be expressed.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | Even if this is true, it is irrelevant. The reality is
               | that the vast majority of the NYT's audience will not get
               | any extra information from including those diacritics
               | than excluding them. If the article is not intelligible
               | without diacritics, then it won't be intelligible with
               | diacritics either, because people who don't know the
               | language, nor any similar language, can't see a
               | difference between Hoa Lo and Hoa Lo and Hoa Lo.
        
               | unkeen wrote:
               | You will die on that hill, won't you.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I dislike this general trend of rejecting the need for
               | adaptation/transliteration and pretending that it's a
               | moral failing or a rejection of diversity.
               | 
               | Like people who insist it's a good idea for a European
               | website of a European business to accept any Unicode
               | input for names, as if an employee who speaks Italian and
               | English could be expected to know how to process a
               | request for a customer named Tian Zhong  who claims their
               | correspondence was mistakenly sent to Dong Jing  instead
               | of Jing Du .
               | 
               | There is generally too much linguistic diversity in the
               | world to be able to expect people to know even the most
               | basic facts about some other culture's language. There's
               | nothing wrong with adapting your message to your
               | audience, even if it loses a lot of nuance that they
               | could theoretically get if they spent just a little bit
               | of time on studying, say, Vietnamese writing.
               | 
               | And I want to emphasize that I'm saying this who is
               | neither American nor English, and who is personally
               | fascinated by language, and who has taken the time to
               | study a little bit about quite a few languages. But I'm
               | also someone who has understood that you can't expect
               | people to be able to, say, pronounce your name correctly,
               | or spell it correctly, and that there's nothing offensive
               | about that.
        
               | unkeen wrote:
               | I've stopped saying "hi mom" to my mother when I visit
               | her. After all, my mother /knows/ that I love her. Hence,
               | it's just so much more practical not to greet her every
               | time, no? Surely no one can dispute this incorruptible
               | logic.
        
               | sosborn wrote:
               | The reality is that the vast majority of the NYT's
               | audience will not lose any information from including
               | those diacritics, and some people will gain quite a bit.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | There's another angle here as well: I doubt NYT editors
               | are familiar with Vietnamese spelling. If there are
               | errors in the diacritics, they will not be able to spot
               | them, and may end up with a text that appears more
               | precise than it actually is. If they just remove all
               | diacritics, no reader will be confused they avoid this
               | potential for errors altogether.
        
               | rdlw wrote:
               | The vast majority of readers won't get any information
               | from anything in the article. Why not pseudonymize
               | everything and scramble the place names? I at least
               | appreciate that in principle, I could research the people
               | mentioned. Romanian happens to be intelligible with
               | diacritics removed, but I bet you'd feel differently if
               | you read an article about Mr Ccsrtr and Em Cnr.
        
             | walthamstow wrote:
             | Perhaps I am also ignorant, but I thought the
             | Latin+diacritics system was invented by a Frenchman in
             | modern times, rather than being native to Vietnam.
        
               | pcardoso wrote:
               | Close, it was actually portuguese missionaries.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_alphabet
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | Right, so then it is a transliteration and it is not
               | native to Vietnamese, despite what GP says.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | >early 17th century.
               | 
               | At what point does something become naturalized? This
               | feels needlessly pedantic.
        
               | decimalenough wrote:
               | Almost every writing system was imported from somewhere
               | else, including something like half a dozen evolutions of
               | the one we're using now (which was Latin, which was
               | Greek, before that Phoenician, before that Egyptian).
               | 
               | What matters is that the Vietnamese use the script to
               | write their own language, which is not the case for (say)
               | romanized Chinese.
        
               | mFixman wrote:
               | The Latin alphabet is not native to English, and it's a
               | much worse fit for that language that it is for
               | Vietnamese.
        
               | rdlw wrote:
               | It's not a transliteration. What supposed writing system
               | are Vietnamese originally writing in, before they
               | transfer it to Latin script?
        
             | refactor_master wrote:
             | The term is actually a Chinese loanword, Huo Lu . One could
             | then argue that without writing it with characters it just
             | becomes meaningless sounds, which could have originated
             | from any number of characters, if given no context. So
             | therefore, your example doesn't work so well either.
             | 
             | I would argue that the loss of characters work for the
             | Vietnamese because the intelligibility is "good enough", in
             | the same way that writing Vietnamese completely without
             | diacritics for an English-language newspaper is also "good
             | enough".
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | _> First, it 's not a transliteration, it's their native
             | alphabet._
             | 
             | Then what the New York Times is doing is correct. If they
             | write "Hanoi" instead of "Ha Noi", they are not writing
             | "Hanoi" using the Vietnamese alphabet incorrectly. They are
             | writing "Hanoi" using the English alphabet correctly and
             | idiomatically. The fact that those two alphabets happen to
             | share some glyphs is coincidental.
             | 
             | One can write "shchi" in English and all of those
             | letterforms also happen to exist in Cyrillic. But that is
             | _not_ how a Russian would spell their word for cabbage
             | soup. It 's a coincidence that the letterforms exist in
             | both alphabets.
             | 
             | If your argument is that the New York Times should use the
             | native alphabet for words related to that region, then it
             | would be a fair criticism. But I don't think most English
             | readers would expect an article about Moscow to say
             | "Moskva", or an article about Tokyo to say "Dong Jing " or
             | even "Tokyo". By that same logic, an article about Hanoi
             | should say "Hanoi" not "Ha Noi".
        
           | thanhhaimai wrote:
           | I wouldn't say the Vietnamese alphabet is "transliteration".
           | Vietnamese is one of the most, if not the most tonal language
           | in the world. The same word, speaking with different tones
           | will convey different meanings.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_(linguistics)
           | 
           | The modern Vietnamese alphabet was developed in 17th century
           | (so it's not a transliteration) with tonal marks as a core
           | feature. The writing language is very phonetic. Within a
           | region with similar accent, if you hear a word, you can write
           | it. And if you see a word, you can pronounce it.
           | 
           | The tonal marks are very important to the language. It allows
           | for rich poetic rules that makes Vietnamese poem fun and
           | musical to read:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%A5c_b%C3%A1t
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Yes, I had never looked into this and had assumed
             | Vietnamese uses a Chinese-inspired writing system natively,
             | like other languages in the region. Knowing that this is
             | the only writing system immediately made sense of why this
             | is necessary.
        
               | hashmush wrote:
               | Ehm, like in Vietnam's neighbors Laos (phaasaalaaw) and
               | Cambodia (khmaer)? Sure Vietnamese used to (a long time
               | ago) be written in its own version of the Chinese script,
               | I'll give you that. But most languages in the region do
               | not use a script derived from Chinese.
        
           | tasuki wrote:
           | > For example, if I have to write my address on a paper form
           | outside my country, I won't ever write Bucuresti, I will
           | write Bucuresti, because it makes no difference to the reader
           | and it may even confuse them.
           | 
           | Funny thing, this is exactly the reason I _always_ include
           | the diacritics!
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | I don't really fault the NYT for writing Hanoi and Vietnam, not
         | Ha Noi and Viet Nam. It's a newspaper for English-speakers, at
         | the end of the day. It calls Warszawa _Warsaw,_ Praha _Prague,_
         | Moskva _Moscow_ , and hundreds of other places by their English
         | names.
         | 
         | I wouldn't expect Russian newspapers to write _New York_
         | instead of N'iu-Iork, either.
        
           | vjerancrnjak wrote:
           | I like how Serbian is completely fine with Njujork or Majkl
           | Dekson.
           | 
           | Phonemic orthography should win and destroy all spelling
           | bees.
        
             | rkomorn wrote:
             | This seems homonymphobic.
             | 
             | Edit: homophonephobic, technically.
        
           | decimalenough wrote:
           | Hanoi and Vietnam are sufficiently well known to be
           | anglicized. What's less excusable is stripping names like
           | Nguyen Phan Que Mai of their diacritics.
        
             | electroly wrote:
             | Nguyen Phan Que Mai is the one name that the NYT did not
             | strip the diacritics from. Every other Vietnamese term and
             | name has been stripped (including the names of the other
             | authors in the reading list), but the article author's
             | name, alone, retains its diacritics in the NYT article.
             | They do seem to have gotten the diacritics subtly wrong in
             | the article subtitle vs. the byline (which is correct and,
             | I assume, generated automatically).
             | 
             | https://archive.ph/Gi1HX
        
           | antonyh wrote:
           | They do this, only using the Latin alphabet for brand names
           | etc. For example, pravda.ru spells Finland as Finliandiia
           | 
           | (Edit: I misread your comment, fixed mine, I agree with you)
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | Here's a related article about Vietnamese graphic design:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43149266
        
       | antonyh wrote:
       | The irony that this is an article about reading and literature,
       | and yet the NYT butchered it for stylistic purposes. Changing
       | peoples names I find unforgivable.
        
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       (page generated 2025-10-17 23:01 UTC)