[HN Gopher] Some graphene firms have reaped its potential but ot...
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       Some graphene firms have reaped its potential but others are
       struggling
        
       Author : robaato
       Score  : 61 points
       Date   : 2025-10-13 08:53 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | chromehearts wrote:
       | I'll be 6 feet under, the day graphene hits the market - possibly
       | in a graphene coffin
        
         | jrvarela56 wrote:
         | The AI of chemical engineering/material science?
        
       | jakedata wrote:
       | There are two distinct use cases spelled out in this article.
       | Electronic and photonic technology incorporating graphene to
       | improve performance and efficiency and "we added graphene to
       | stuff". Graphene cement, graphene carbon fibre - 3000 tons of
       | graphene expected from one company in 2026.
       | 
       | Try not to breathe any, studies are still pending but that stuff
       | gets everywhere.
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | "Lets remove carbon from the atmosphere" ... humanity proceeds
         | to invent ways to put more carbon in the atmosphere.
        
           | withinboredom wrote:
           | It's weird that this morning, it was getting upvotes, but in
           | the afternoon, it is getting downvotes. Did something happen?
        
             | rkomorn wrote:
             | I'd look at what timezones were hitting 8-9am when
             | downvotes started.
        
         | mapt wrote:
         | 100 years ago, asbestos was the new wonder material, and "We
         | added asbestos to stuff" was a very common marketing bullet
         | point for building materials. It found its way into flooring,
         | mastic, the predecessors to drywall, ceiling texture,
         | insulation, and anything and everything used near a combustion
         | appliance.
         | 
         | Literally just, take a process that used to use sand or
         | horsehair or whatever filler, and add a significant portion by
         | mass of asbestos powder instead.
        
           | gcanyon wrote:
           | I wonder if there are studies on the lives saved by
           | asbestos's fireproofing feature vs. cost by its lung-disease-
           | causing feature.
           | 
           | Answering my own question: the WHO estimates it costs 200K
           | lives per year. No estimates on the other side, but that's a
           | big number to overcome...
           | 
           | https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asbestos
        
             | bn-l wrote:
             | I'm not sure if it's still the case but I searched of
             | alibaba once and found huge rolls of asbestos for sale and
             | massive supply capacity numbers. It was pretty shocking.
        
               | ACCount37 wrote:
               | It's still used in the industry. And it can be used
               | safely, as long as you follow the precautions (handling,
               | encapsulation) and mind the lifecycle. But China being
               | China? Haha no.
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | It's also still used in building materials in developing
               | countries, it's an incredible material that happens to
               | give people cancer, mainly workers.
        
               | mapt wrote:
               | The R-value performance numbers for asbestos as building
               | insulation are wildly divergent, but most of them aren't
               | especially competitive with modern materials.
               | 
               | I'm not sure how to square that with claims like:
               | 
               | > With phenolic resins, asbestos products are produced
               | which will provide insulation and retain strength when
               | subjected to 5,000degF for periods of minutes (1 to 30
               | minutes) . See Figure 2.1 in which a rocket motor part is
               | subjected to a temperature of 5,000degF. Figure 2.1.
               | Rocket motor aft (asbestos-phenolic insulator) before and
               | after firing at 5,000degF.
               | 
               | > The temperature approximately 1/8 in. from the surface
               | exposed to 5,000degF will be approximately 200degF after
               | 1/2 to 1 min. of exposure.
               | 
               | > When combined with magnesium carbonate and other
               | similar products, heat insulators can be produced which
               | will be useful for many years in such applications as
               | boilers operating at temperatures from 500deg to
               | 1,200degF or 1,800degF.
               | 
               | We seem to use a matted "Ceramic Fiber" roll for its
               | high-heat insulation capabilities these days, up to about
               | 2300F-2600F depending on type. Asbestos fiber insulation
               | seems to be good to somewhere between 1500F to 2700F
               | depending on how you use it. Ceramic fiber is
               | carcinogenic in a similar way to asbestos, but apparently
               | considerably safer due to the fiber length/alignment.
        
         | newpavlov wrote:
         | >Try not to breathe any, studies are still pending but that
         | stuff gets everywhere.
         | 
         | I would understand such comment in the context of carbon
         | nanotubes or fullerenes, but graphene? Have you forgot that
         | graphite is literally a bunch of stacked graphene?
         | 
         | Considering how much graphite pencils are used across the
         | world, we would've seen hypothetical negative effects already
         | with a high degree of confidence.
         | 
         | Yes, graphene production aims to produce larger sheets, but it
         | only makes graphene less biologically active, not more.
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | _> Considering how much graphite pencils are used across the
           | world, we would 've seen hypothetical negative effects
           | already with a high degree of confidence._
           | 
           | Graphitosis is the graphite equivalent of silicosis and
           | asbestosis so yes we've got plenty of evidence it's harmful,
           | but it's mostly a problem with occupational exposure where
           | large amounts of graphite dust are produced.
           | 
           | That might change if there's tiny sheets of graphene flaking
           | off everywhere from nanocoatings and it turns out to be
           | carcinogenic for the same reason asbestos is (which isn't out
           | of the question given the studies on CNTs and nanotoxicity in
           | general).
        
             | newpavlov wrote:
             | IIUC graphitosis, silicosis, and black lung require to
             | inhale ungodly amounts of dust. It's orders of magnitude
             | more than we can expect from flaking-based trace
             | contamination.
             | 
             | Why do you expect a different result from "tiny sheets of
             | graphene flaking off everywhere from nanocoatings" compared
             | to the same flaking from graphite smeared across paper?
        
               | throwup238 wrote:
               | Pencil graphite breaks off in very large chunks and when
               | you look at them in a microscope the particle size is in
               | the micrometers. Those particles are too big to easily
               | penetrate cells or deep tissue. You understand correctly
               | about the dust issue.
               | 
               | Nanosheets are a different story and I'm worried that the
               | graphene produced for industrial applications will be
               | much smaller, flake off much easier in the field as
               | distinct sheets like from abrasion, and stay airborne for
               | longer. In that form they're likely to behave like
               | asbestos and the evidence is already pretty strong that
               | they do.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | If we start to have huge amounts of it spread through house
           | objects, than yeah, we can increase people's exposure by a
           | large multiplier and get the known harmful effects we already
           | know about.
           | 
           | That said, I don't think we will ever have large amounts of
           | it in house objects. Graphene doesn't seem to be useful that
           | way. We may have it embedded in some material, but that will
           | limit exposure to waste management and manufacture.
           | 
           | Also, differently from asbestos, graphene is not chemically
           | stable. So very small pieces of it have a limited half-life.
        
         | SapporoChris wrote:
         | My understanding is that it doesn't get everywhere at all. It
         | appears to be confined to labs.
        
         | observationist wrote:
         | Some amount of graphene gets produced naturally. Graphite
         | mining, processing, dyes, things that use carbon black, soot,
         | etc - monolayer carbon structures are a byproduct of all sorts
         | of things that humans have been exposed to throughout history.
         | Graphene can be decomposed and metabolized; asbestos cannot,
         | it's very stable in all sorts of places where the body cannot
         | process it.
         | 
         | It doesn't mean it's good - it can do damage in the time it's
         | present in various systems in the body, but it's not going to
         | present a chronic, persistent threat like asbestos.
         | 
         | Graphene oxidizes relatively easily, and is vulnerable to all
         | sorts of chemical processes that can attack the edges, and
         | there are all sorts of metabolic pathways that can handle
         | degrading and eliminating carbon. Natural decomposition from
         | graphene in degrading concrete, asphalt, building materials,
         | etc should handle it without any significant health risks, as
         | well.
         | 
         | Some amount of graphene is present in carbon black and ground
         | charcoal that's been used for tattoos for at least 8,000 years
         | (Otzi had some pretty cool tats) and hasn't presented any
         | significant health threats.
         | 
         | Don't go around inhaling graphene flakes, wear sensible PPE
         | when handling it. Acute exposure is already known to be
         | unhealthy. That said, carbon is processed pretty well by a
         | multitude of organisms and natural chemical processes, making
         | the risk of chronic graphene contamination fairly low. It's a
         | different order of hazard than asbestos entirely, and by all
         | the evidence available so far, carbon fibers are going to be
         | the more dangerous material.
        
       | mxmilkiib wrote:
       | RIP Robert Murray-Smith, who decided to move on recently due to
       | health and grief
       | 
       | their Making Graphene and Graphene Oxide playlist;
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbQqm4rNo6243e69xp-ZPUkYD...
       | 
       | a more recent 30m omnibus of a number of their graphene videos;
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/iqOCtEsMWjs
       | 
       | finishing with blood and milk and eggs!
       | 
       | their last video;
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/_RSiVrCsVH4
       | 
       | and after;
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/GhramXiUrY4
       | 
       | cheers mate :')
        
         | cultofmetatron wrote:
         | didn't know he died... loved his non nonsense straight to the
         | point videos. his video on making graphene with a laser disk
         | had me almost buying an entire graphene lab at one point.
        
       | marcosfelt wrote:
       | It's also worth noting how insular and toxic some parts of the
       | graphene world can be.
        
         | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
         | Does this mean that the people are bad for your mental health,
         | or that the substance is bad for your physical health? I could
         | believe either.
        
           | marcosfelt wrote:
           | More the people!
        
       | Mengkudulangsat wrote:
       | If you are doing a lot of miniature photographies, black paints /
       | fabrics made with graphene are great for lighboxes.
       | 
       | Musou black is what I tried.
        
       | alansaber wrote:
       | We peaked at graphene for disposable lab gloves
        
       | theshrike79 wrote:
       | I was studying an advanced degree at a school ~10 years ago and
       | one of the teachers was "a bit" into graphene and they had done
       | all kinds of cool stuff with it.
       | 
       | One example was a floor material for care homes that could detect
       | pressure in a 2D sense, so the floor itself could detect "fall
       | events" and track movement + gait etc.
       | 
       | And I think they had a prototype of a similar thing in Australia
       | that weighed all trucks coming and going from a mine just under
       | the road they drove, no need to stop on weighing stations.
       | 
       | No idea where that went.
       | 
       | Nowadays we'd do the fall detection with either a wrist device
       | (any Apple Watch can do this) or cameras + "AI" detection. The
       | floor is a lot more privacy preserving though, it only detected
       | shapes and pressure.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | All the funding went to an AI assistant startup focused on
         | making Anime avatars to replace friendships in preteens.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | are the graphene clothing products (like graphene-x) just
       | gimmicks?
        
         | MountDoom wrote:
         | It would seem so. Looking at their website, they're not made
         | out of graphene. For example, their flagship jacket is
         | described as nylon + polyurethane underneath.
         | 
         | It looks like they're using "graphene" as a pigment in the
         | plastic, and I'd wager this probably means "99% conventional
         | black pigment and 1% graphene"...
        
       | dcreater wrote:
       | "What we've solved is the ability to grow consistent ultra high-
       | performance graphene and to build it into a device,"
       | 
       | Wait what? If this is actually true this Jensen is going to be
       | the richest/most important. If $500B is being invested in
       | Datacenters and this company is raising a few ten million,
       | something isn't adding up here.
        
       | pedalpete wrote:
       | We use graphene in silicone for long-lasting, comfortable, dry
       | EEG electrodes.
       | 
       | I'll admit that it's pretty niche, but it is also used in tires,
       | batteries, and as grounding in electronics.
       | 
       | It isn't the easiest stuff to work with, I'll admit, and we've
       | done some experiments in nanotubes as well.
       | 
       | Happy to answer any questions.
        
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       (page generated 2025-10-13 23:01 UTC)