[HN Gopher] Spotlight on pdfly, the Swiss Army knife for PDF files
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Spotlight on pdfly, the Swiss Army knife for PDF files
        
       Author : Lucas-C
       Score  : 297 points
       Date   : 2025-10-13 08:36 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (chezsoi.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (chezsoi.org)
        
       | 5- wrote:
       | curiously poppler doesn't mention that anywhere on their website,
       | but the library comes with a similar suite of tools, typically
       | available in linux distributions.
       | 
       | i have found them very helpful.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppler_(software)#poppler-uti...
        
         | Hendrikto wrote:
         | I use these all the time. They are great.
        
           | Gormo wrote:
           | Same, in conjunction with some of the format conversion tools
           | that come with Ghostscript, and PDFgrep
           | (https://pdfgrep.org/).
        
         | zie wrote:
         | I just used these tools to parse a few hundred thousand PDF
         | paystubs to get data into our new financial system. 10/10 would
         | use again.
        
       | jopsen wrote:
       | There is also: https://pdfcpu.io/
       | 
       | That said, if you're looking for a GUI app to do simple PDF
       | mutations it's often hard to fine a simple solid open source
       | cross platform app.
       | 
       | At least I haven't found one :)
        
         | mschild wrote:
         | If self hosting is an option, I've found Signature PDF to be
         | quite good.
         | 
         | https://github.com/24eme/signaturepdf?tab=readme-ov-file#sig...
        
         | phyalow wrote:
         | I had to bash my head against the wall and submit myself to
         | paying for a creative cloud license. At least acrobat just
         | works. Although I wish there was a reasonable alternative.
        
           | emeril wrote:
           | pdf-xchange is worlds better for just about anything in my
           | experience
           | 
           | can't believe I waited so long to try it out
        
         | echoangle wrote:
         | How about this: https://tools.pdf24.org/en
         | 
         | It allows installation for offline use too.
        
         | vindarel wrote:
         | I found PDF SAM basic ("split and merge") well done:
         | https://pdfsam.org/en/pdfsam-basic/. That one is open-source
         | and multi-platform, they have more features in a paying
         | superset project.
        
           | unixhero wrote:
           | Pdfsam and pdfxchange are my gotos
        
         | 5- wrote:
         | i've tried 'pdfcpu images list' on a random pdf i've had lying
         | around and the tool unexpectedly started downloading some font
         | from unspecified internet location to my local disk.
         | 
         | sorry, too spooky even for october. :-)
        
       | roschdal wrote:
       | https://github.com/LibrePDF/OpenPDF
        
       | blknight wrote:
       | I'm curious: what good would automating signing a PDF through a
       | utility do?
       | 
       | The whole purpose of a signature is that a person signed and
       | agreed to something. That cannot be done automatically.
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | CEOs often need to sign changes to employment terms or
         | options/vesting terms and have hundreds if not thousands of
         | employees. They don't have the time to go through and sign all
         | of those contracts.
         | 
         | Its no different than the analog ages where a secretary would
         | go through and stamp all the contracts with the CEOs signature.
        
           | nashashmi wrote:
           | Those don't need certified signatures. They just need pdf
           | stamps.
        
             | withinboredom wrote:
             | It depends on jurisdiction
        
             | cyanydeez wrote:
             | Pdf stamps have zero security.
             | 
             | Signing can be cryptographic.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Just because that's what many people still do doesn't make
             | it sane.
        
         | echoangle wrote:
         | Why wouldn't a company sign documents they create
         | automatically? This is about a cryptographic signature that
         | lets the user verify authorship, not a visual signature in the
         | PDF, right? So it would still be useful to be able to verify
         | that a bank statement is really from my bank, even if it was
         | generated without human interaction.
        
           | arethuza wrote:
           | Also allowing you to detect whether any changes have been
           | made since the signature was applied.
        
         | j1elo wrote:
         | My bank can issue a signed certificate for any of you account
         | movements if you need to provide proof of them. They come
         | signed both digitally and handwritten by the branch's director.
         | But you wouldn't expect the director to be there sitting and
         | signing all certificate requests that arrive, right?
        
         | pfortuny wrote:
         | Imagine you need to sign 25 pdf documents. You read them on the
         | screen and then batch-sign them (instead of signing them with
         | the vewing software). This is just an example.
        
       | reconnecting wrote:
       | I though Swiss Army knife for PDF are Didier Stevens PDF tools:
       | 
       | https://blog.didierstevens.com/programs/pdf-tools/
        
       | SpacemannSpiff wrote:
       | Pdftk has been been around for many years, and does exactly the
       | same things. Why reinvent the wheel?
       | 
       | https://www.pdflabs.com/tools/pdftk-the-pdf-toolkit/
        
         | QuantumNomad_ wrote:
         | It makes sense to me. They made a PDF library for Python first.
         | Having a PDF library for your preferred language is a good
         | thing.
         | 
         | And it's natural to then build a cli tool on top of the library
         | they already made.
        
         | alanbernstein wrote:
         | This was my first thought, but after reading the comments here,
         | I see I had no idea how many other alternatives already
         | existed, so why not add another one.
        
         | moopie wrote:
         | It's not open-source, so practically the question is equivalent
         | to "why reinvent the wheel by creating libreoffice when there's
         | a perfectly good Microsoft office suite out there"
        
           | mkesper wrote:
           | The server component is under GNU GPL:
           | https://www.pdflabs.com/docs/pdftk-license/
        
             | forgotpwd16 wrote:
             | In case anyone gets confused, _PDFTk Server_ is just the
             | name for the CLI tool, which hasn 't been updated in 10y+
             | (and annoying to compile due to newer GCC versions removing
             | GCJ). The _pdftk_ provided in various distros (incl.
             | Debian, Fedora, Arch, NixOS) is _pdftk-java_ , a 3rd-party
             | pure Java port of the original tool.
        
         | suhlig wrote:
         | > Every time someone reinvents the wheel, it becomes a little
         | rounder.
         | 
         | Not sure if this particular library is an improvement, but even
         | if it serves nothing but the author's enjoyment, or education,
         | it's a win.
        
       | theothertimcook wrote:
       | Not the same thing but just want to shoutout
       | https://www.pdfgear.com/ as one of the only viable alternatives
       | to adobe for intermediate level PDF tinkering. It's free and
       | available for everything except Linux.
        
         | Chris2048 wrote:
         | I found it suspicious, they formerly sent stuff too their cloud
         | without it being obvious, and the company seems to mod their
         | own subreddit.
        
         | eyegor wrote:
         | As nice as it looks, I have a lot of trouble believing the "we
         | have magic money, it's free because that's good for business"
         | logic.                   PDFgear is free of charge, and we
         | don't generate income through any hidden means. We Do NOT
         | misuse or sell user data and we Do Not display ads. Here's how
         | we keep operations running:          We've secured investment
         | to cover operational costs, including team expenses and
         | technology like the ChatGPT API. We're also experienced in
         | optimizing technology usage to manage costs more effectively.
        
           | darkwater wrote:
           | They also say                   In the future, most features
           | will remain free, but there will be a fee for some advanced
           | options. Paid options may include AI-driven tools requiring
           | cloud computing and special PDF conversion features. This
           | balanced approach will allow PDFgear to remain widely
           | accessible while meeting users' evolving needs with advanced
           | solutions.
        
         | hackyhacky wrote:
         | > It's free and available for everything except Linux.
         | 
         | I was unable to find the link for OpenVMS, Apple II, and DEC
         | Alpha binaries, could you show me where to find it?
        
           | lenerdenator wrote:
           | In 1994.
        
           | kmoser wrote:
           | Easy, just run your favorite Windows or Mac VM on any of that
           | hardware and the corresponding PDFgear binary will work out
           | of the box.
        
         | d3Xt3r wrote:
         | There's also Master PDF, and it's also available for Linux:
         | https://code-industry.net/masterpdfeditor/
        
       | smartmic wrote:
       | In addition to the already mentioned, there is also pdfcpu[0], "a
       | Go PDF processor and CLI"
       | 
       | [0]: https://github.com/pdfcpu/pdfcpu
        
       | HelloUsername wrote:
       | What about https://www.ghostscript.com ?
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | For low-level work, _qpdf_ can be quite useful:
       | https://github.com/qpdf/qpdf
        
         | ripe wrote:
         | Came here to say this. Qpdf is my go-to for manipulating pdf
         | files on the command line. Encrypting, decrypting, extracting
         | and merging pages.
         | 
         | It's Apache-licensed and written in C++.
        
           | voidmain0001 wrote:
           | How do you use qpdf for extraction when its README states
           | "qpdf does not render PDFs or perform text extraction, and it
           | does not contain higher-level interfaces for working with
           | page contents."
        
             | ratrocket wrote:
             | Not the person you're replying to, but when they said
             | "extraction" I believe they're talking about extracting
             | _pages_ from a PDF (like  "splitting" the PDF apart, page-
             | wise), not text. At least that's a thing I've used qpdf for
             | in the past.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Which is also what the "extract" button does in Adobe
               | Acrobat Pro DC for Professional Enterprise Customers or
               | whatever they're calling it now, so it's arguably a term
               | of art for PDFs.
        
       | llm_nerd wrote:
       | This is totally an aside, but I wonder how long the "Swiss army
       | knife" metaphor will hang on in popular culture. People generally
       | use it to indicate that something does a variety of things, but
       | I'd say many of younger generation have never touched if even
       | seen such a knife in their life, and even among older generations
       | it doesn't have a positive connotation.
       | 
       | Like when I hear something is the Swiss army knife of something,
       | my take is that it does a lot of things poorly and there are
       | better specific tools for every need. Like if you need a really
       | terrible knife or bottle opener or screwdriver or saw, a Swiss
       | Army knife has you covered. But it should be a tool of last
       | resort when you have no other options.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Swiss Army knives seem to be as popular as ever. What do you
         | mean, doesn't have a positive connotation?
         | 
         | They're great hiking, camping, traveling, in backpacks and
         | bags.
         | 
         | What's wrong with it as a knife? It's perfectly sharp.
         | Obviously it's not a full-sized _chef 's knife_, but it will
         | cut your apple or twine or packing tape. It's a multitool. It
         | does lots of things. A tool of "last resort" seems to miss the
         | point -- it's not meant to use at home, when you have a full-
         | size screwdriver and bottle opener and corkscrew. It's for
         | traveling with you. And it's great at that.
         | 
         | SAK's are iconic. I don't think your take is a common one.
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | Be serious. If someone in 2025 has a pocket multitool,
           | there's about a 1% chance it is red with a white cross on it.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | ??
             | 
             | Obviously it's not the _only_ game in town ever since
             | Leatherman made the pliers-style tool popular as well.
             | 
             | But you can just look up the various brands on Amazon to
             | see that SAK's continue to sell very well, by "x bought in
             | the last month."
             | 
             | It's nowhere near 1%, I don't know where you're getting
             | that.
             | 
             | Edit: according to [1] Victorinox has the _#1 spot_ in
             | market share in multitools. The share is a bit higher than
             | it is for SOG and Leatherman, though they 're both close.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.marketreportanalytics.com/reports/swiss-
             | army-kni...
        
               | IAmBroom wrote:
               | I stand corrected.
               | 
               | Amazed, but corrected.
        
             | jacekm wrote:
             | Lots of cheap (and good) Chinese alternatives entered the
             | market recently but I'd say Victorinox is still going
             | strong. In Poland it's sold everywhere and the brand is
             | very recognizable.
        
             | mebizzle wrote:
             | Victorinox makes one of the better ones though theyre just
             | pricey. I like my MXBS.
        
           | llm_nerd wrote:
           | >Swiss Army knives seem to be as popular as ever.
           | 
           | It isn't as popular as ever, at least not in the Western
           | world. I don't know what your frame of reference is, but it
           | is positively non-existent compared to a couple of decades
           | ago. Approximately zero kids, give or take a few, put one on
           | their Christmas list, where when I was a kid it was many
           | kid's dream item. I would say the most common buyer today are
           | middle-aged men who buy it just as a thing to own because
           | they remember how desirable they were when they were in
           | Scouts in their teens.
           | 
           | >A tool of "last resort" seems to miss the point
           | 
           | It is quite literally a tool of last resort, and in practice
           | people who actually own one (such as myself) have often
           | never, ever actually used any of the options available on it
           | because they're terrible options and we always have something
           | better available.
           | 
           | Like a legitimate folding camping knife, which we all have in
           | our camping supplies. An infinitely better knife. A tiny
           | multi-screwdriver kit. The Leatherman brand went big by
           | making a legitimately good, well constructed pair of pliers
           | that they add some "in a pinch" options.
           | 
           | Serious campers who portage and go deep country have a proper
           | assortment of gear and never lean on their SAK. The rest of
           | us usually get there in a car and have a...proper assortment
           | of gear.
           | 
           | But again, if you're in a situation where you have to use one
           | of the tools on a SAK, you probably screwed up and it's a
           | serious compromise. It just isn't a compelling metaphor for
           | software tooling.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | See my other comment for its popularity statistics.
             | Victorinox is literally the #1 multitool brand by market
             | share. These are facts.
             | 
             | Your take is idiosyncratic. Using a SAK doesn't mean "you
             | probably screwed up". That's truly a bizarre thing to say.
             | 
             | A SAK is a perfectly fine metaphor. That's why it's a
             | popular one. It's a small tool that does lots of things. I
             | think you're overthinking this.
        
               | llm_nerd wrote:
               | >Victorinox is literally the #1 multitool brand by market
               | share
               | 
               | This doesn't repudiate anything I said, and it's a
               | particularly weird canard.
               | 
               | >That's why it's a popular one
               | 
               | Increasingly the only ones I see leveraging the metaphor
               | are English as a second language writers (note that the
               | idiom originates in English and is a calque in other
               | languages) who perhaps came across it somewhere. I would
               | hardly call it "popular", and I pointed out the reality
               | that many readers, such as myself, find it a _negative_
               | description, similar to someone calling themselves a
               | "jack of all trades". Your defensiveness of SAK does not
               | change this, and your attempts at invalidating my
               | statement borders on bizarre.
               | 
               | Feel free to continue. I'm done here.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _are English as a second language writers who perhaps
               | came across it somewhere_
               | 
               | Your prejudice is showing. Where would you even get an
               | idea like that?
               | 
               | I hope you understand that people whose first language
               | isn't English also use SAKs. It's not just an English
               | thing. They're not trying to repeat some unknown object
               | they've only encountered in metaphor. The tools are
               | literally _Swiss._ And popular around the entire world.
        
               | hbarka wrote:
               | You're absolutely right. I was just in Switzerland and
               | I'll tell you the Victorinox shops have endless visitors
               | from all kinds of tourists. Swiss Army knife metaphor is
               | timeless, at least for those who go out. Maybe there's a
               | generation where outdoor activities is an unknown because
               | computers. At this point the other person is just being
               | argumentative.
        
               | llm_nerd wrote:
               | _I 'm_ being argumentative? Uproarious.
               | 
               | Arguing that my observations are invalid because you were
               | in a Victorinox shop in Switzerland is the chef's kiss on
               | this ridiculous discussion.
               | 
               | In the future, just move along. The other argumentative
               | guy had no reason to get defensive about SAK, and this
               | whole worthless discussion, from a basic observation
               | about idioms and ill-suited tools, is a waste of bits.
        
               | gpvos wrote:
               | _> This doesn 't repudiate anything I said, and it's a
               | particularly weird canard._
               | 
               | It does repudiate it, directly. What are you on about?
        
               | llm_nerd wrote:
               | It doesn't remotely repudiate anything I said, more than
               | saying that Gpvos is the #1 seller of buggy whips ergo
               | ipso facto buggy whips are super popular. This is not a
               | hard logical chain to follow, so good god.
               | 
               | But secondly, even that site claimed they have what, a
               | 20% marketshare of multitools from once owning the market
               | entirely to themselves? Even if we were so profoundly
               | simple that we believed that being the biggest vendor in
               | a market validates the market, this particular example is
               | hilarious.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | If you opened the link, literally the first line says:
               | 
               | > _The Swiss Army Knife (multi-tool) market, currently
               | valued at $402 million in 2025_
               | 
               | Nearing half a billion dollars doesn't sound like buggy
               | whips to me.
               | 
               | And the bar chart clearly extrapolates the market
               | continuing to _grow_. Not shrink.
               | 
               | But you still think the #1 brand in a large and growing
               | market is "positively non-existent"...?
               | 
               | Again, for convenience:
               | 
               | https://www.marketreportanalytics.com/reports/swiss-army-
               | kni...
        
             | nic547 wrote:
             | For me it's a bottle opener, a corkscrew and a knife that's
             | good enough.
             | 
             | More picnic less camping in the wild.
        
         | pseingatl wrote:
         | 9/11 killed them. They used to be sold in airports.
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | I'm not clear why you think the majority of sales were in
           | airport shops.
           | 
           | Ring neck pillows, maybe.
        
         | IAmBroom wrote:
         | And thus the Leatherman(tm) was born from its ashes.
         | 
         | And too quickly smothered in copycats for its name to become
         | the new metaphor.
        
       | aswegs8 wrote:
       | TIL: there are numerous swiss army knifes for pdf files available
       | already
        
       | VeejayRampay wrote:
       | due to the nature of PDF, none of the tools mentioned here can do
       | things as simple as detecting tables on pages with high accuracy
       | 
       | PDF is absolutely mint for display but it really suffers when
       | parsing is involved
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | Yeah, I've been expecting someone to work up a system where:
         | 
         | - source file is .md
         | 
         | - file is compiled to .pdf _and_ the .md source file is
         | included as an attachment
         | 
         | - when working with the file beyond viewing as a .pdf the .md
         | is extracted and used instead of the .pdf
         | 
         | The LaTeX folks have a similar system ages ago where the .tex
         | source would be included in a .pdf made from a .tex file for
         | embedding in documents so that it could be sent in say an
         | e-mail and then edited by the recipient --- absolutely awesome
         | for discussing math via e-mail.
        
           | apf6 wrote:
           | That's a good concept but I don't think Markdown is
           | expressive enough for all the layouts & formatting that
           | people typically want in PDFs. More likely that the source
           | format would be something like HTML or SVG or .docx.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Restructured text has mostly 1:1 correspondence with
             | Docbook. I use an XSLT transform to convert its XML schema
             | into Docbook and PDF from there via XSL-FO.
        
       | bix6 wrote:
       | Is this an alternative to acrobat?
        
       | JackC wrote:
       | Opinion from 10 years ago, I suspect still valid:
       | 
       | There are a million python libraries and tools to do some
       | overlapping subset of the things you'd want to do with a pdf.
       | 
       | There are no doubt another million in other languages.
       | 
       | These are each basically bundles of some of the transformations
       | you'd want to make to the same underlying data structure.
       | 
       | So, complex pdf scripts often need two or three different
       | libraries to get their thing done, which is wasteful at borh a
       | dev effort and computational level.
       | 
       | The ecosystem would be greatly improved if someone made a great
       | (probably rust based) in-memory low level pdf reading and writing
       | data structure.
       | 
       | PDF libraries in any language could switch to using that
       | structure and library internally, with the carrot that the switch
       | would result in needing less code, and likely being some
       | combination of faster and safer.
       | 
       | And then if they just exposed get_structure_pointer() and
       | set_structure_pointer(), they could all interoperate for free.
       | (Another carrot for joining -- small libraries could usefully add
       | features and be adopted without needing to pick an existing
       | popular library to glom onto.)
       | 
       | Not sure what would economically cause this to happen, but it
       | would be great.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | When you write a PDF library, there are design trade-offs all
         | the way down, depending on use cases. (Just "in-memory" is
         | already an important design trade-off, because the PDF format
         | is intentionally designed to not require the whole PDF to be
         | loaded into memory at once.) It would also be antithetical to
         | preferring deep modules with minimal interfaces over shallow
         | modules with broad interfaces [0]. Lastly, in managed
         | environments like the JVM, a C-interface library would come
         | with additional complications and overheads.
         | 
         | [0] https://dev.to/gosukiwi/software-design-deep-modules-2on9
        
         | whizzter wrote:
         | Actually debugging a PDF parsing issue as we speak and actually
         | started writing a parser (partially to understand the issue,
         | partially as a last resort as the code in the parser I was
         | debugging felt a bit shoddy).
         | 
         | The PDF format is frankly quite horrible, extended over the
         | years by kludges that feels more or less like premature
         | optimizations in some cases and bloated overkill in others.
         | 
         | While theoretically a nice idea, the issue is that there is
         | just so many damn object types with specialized properties
         | inside a PDF that you'd basically end up with all complications
         | of a FFI for each binding you'd do to expose a sane subset.
         | 
         | Theoretically one could perhaps make a canonical PDF<->JSON or
         | similar mapping from an established library that most PDF data
         | consumers/generators could use if memory usage isn't too
         | constrained (because the underlying object model isn't entirely
         | dissimilar).
        
           | whenc wrote:
           | You can do:                 cpdf -output-json in.pdf -o
           | out.json
           | 
           | (Modify out.json as liked)                 cpdf -j out.json
           | -o out.pdf
           | 
           | (Disclaimer, I wrote it.)
        
         | conradev wrote:
         | The ecosystem would be greatly improved if someone made a great
         | (probably rust based) in-memory low level pdf reading and
         | writing data structure.
         | 
         | https://github.com/J-F-Liu/lopdf
        
         | zehaeva wrote:
         | I don't think this _really_ contributes to the conversation,
         | but I think we can sum this entire post up with just one XKCD
         | comic.
         | 
         | https://xkcd.com/927/
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | > _someone made a great ... in-memory low level pdf reading and
         | writing data structure_
         | 
         | Are you suggesting Adobe's Core Object Application Programming
         | Interface (COAPI) for PDF isn't sufficient?
         | 
         | Kidding!
         | 
         | I worked on print production software in the '90s. Stuff like
         | image positioning (eg bookwork), trapping, color separations,
         | etc. Adobe's SDKs, for both PostScript and PDF, were most
         | turrible. For our greenfield product for packaging (printing
         | boxes), I wrote a minimalist PDF library, supporting just the
         | feature set we needed. So simple.
         | 
         | Of course, PDF is now an ever growing katamari style All The
         | Things amalgamation of, oops, sorry I ran out of adjectives.
         | 
         | Back to your point: after URLs and HTTP, the DOM is the 3rd
         | best thing spawned by "the web".
         | 
         | The DOM concept itself. Isomorphism between in-memory and
         | serialized. That its all just an object graph. Composition over
         | inheritance.
         | 
         | Not the actual DOM API; gods no.
         | 
         | I understand that API design is wicked hard. But how is it that
         | of the Java tools, only JDOM2 (the sequel) managed to get the
         | class hierarchy correct? So that incorrect usage is not
         | permitted?
         | 
         | (I haven't looked at popular libraries for other languages. I
         | assume they all also fell into the trap of transliterating
         | JavaScript's DOM's API. Like dom4j and successors did.)
         | 
         | I'm just repeating your point (I think) that Adobe should have
         | staked a strong starting conceptual position on PDF internals,
         | what a PDF is. Something more WinForms and less Win32.
         | 
         | 30+ (?!) years later, I'm still flubbergasted by PDF's success,
         | despite Adobe's stewardship.
         | 
         | PS- And another thing...
         | 
         | For a print description language, I greatly preferred HP's
         | PCL-5. Emotionally, it just feels more honest somehow.
         | Initially, Adobe couldn't decide if PDF was for print control
         | or documents. Customers wanted documents, so Adobe grudgingly
         | complied, haphazardly.
         | 
         | At least "the web" had/has committees.
        
           | mannyv wrote:
           | "Adobe couldn't decide if PDF was for print control or
           | documents"
           | 
           | Apparently people don't understand the history of PDF. PDF
           | was originally a way to encapsulate PostScript so you could
           | display it on a screen. Unlike PCL, Postscript (and PDF) were
           | device-independent, with a WYSIWYG guarantee. Postscript and
           | PDF are literally the history of WYSIWYG on personal
           | computers and computer-based printing/typesetting.
           | 
           | PDF is not "print control" in the sense of a job control
           | language. PDF has always been about documents, and the
           | features of PDF files can be seen as an attempt by Adobe to
           | both drive and follow the market's evolution of document
           | handling.
           | 
           | PDF is complicated because it's used widely for lots of
           | different things, including printing. And if you've never
           | worked in the printing industry you have no idea how much of
           | a PITA it is.
           | 
           | PDF succeeded for a lot of reasons, but probably the easiest
           | explanation is that they were easier to create - you just
           | printed it and the PDF printer driver spat out a PDF file
           | that you could share everywhere.
        
             | sleepybrett wrote:
             | One of my first jobs was at an isp/web/cohost company. We
             | had a big bank of modems for dialup customers, had some
             | customers who terminated isdn with us, a rack of colocation
             | and built websites as well.
             | 
             | The company was partially owned and housed primarily in a
             | print shop, we worked above the press floor and I was
             | sometimes pressed into service helping when we were slow (I
             | had some experience working in a print shop in highschool
             | (helping with pagemaker and helping to run the big
             | hidleberg), similarly in college.
             | 
             | Nothing like ending your day writing perl cgi scripts and
             | troubleshooting customers damn winsock configurations and
             | then going home and coughing up whatever color was running
             | on the presses that day.
        
         | kmoser wrote:
         | > The ecosystem would be greatly improved if someone made a
         | great (probably rust based) in-memory low level pdf reading and
         | writing data structure.
         | 
         | > Not sure what would economically cause this to happen, but it
         | would be great.
         | 
         | Writing a library that is better than all the others is
         | difficult to begin with. Continuing to upgrade and maintain it
         | and fix bugs is even more difficult. Even with the right
         | funding, you'd have to find someone who wants to keep at it
         | year after year. When they inevitably lose interest, you'd have
         | to find somebody else to take the reins--and weather the storm
         | of complaints during the down time.
         | 
         | In short, thank you for volunteering to write and maintain this
         | library for the rest of your life! :)
        
       | montefischer wrote:
       | One feature I would love is the ability to automatically generate
       | the table of contents / "outline" metadata for a pdf. I run
       | across a lot of old book pdfs without that metadata, which makes
       | navigation annoying. Kybook3 has a version of this that doesn't
       | quite work. Maybe in the age of LLMs, this is now feasible.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | I use https://github.com/Krasjet/pdf.tocgen.
         | 
         | It's not quite fully automatic, but it certainly saves a lot of
         | time over doing it completely by hand.
        
           | montefischer wrote:
           | Very nice! I'll check it out.
        
       | laserbeam wrote:
       | This, is gorgeous! I absolutely hate the PDF ecosystem, and how
       | painful it is to get a reasonably simple tool to just do basic
       | edits to files (adding/removing pages, combining multiple PDFs
       | etc). I particularly hate how hard it is to find good swiss army
       | knives for it, and how you always land on sketchy websites to do
       | simple things to a file.
       | 
       | This looks dead simple to use! LOVE IT.
       | 
       | The one feature request I have is for adjusting margins
       | (adding/removing fixed amount of space from every page,
       | optionally adding/removing different amounts from odd numbered
       | pages). Target audience: People who want to read PDFs on small
       | ebook readers.
        
       | Western0 wrote:
       | I have similar tool its name TeX
        
         | pgtan wrote:
         | Actually pdftex or luatex, but you are completely right, it can
         | load a pdf file and do a lot of things with it.
        
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