[HN Gopher] California passes law to reduce volume of commercial...
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       California passes law to reduce volume of commercials on streaming
       services
        
       Author : mikhael
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2025-10-07 21:12 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.gov.ca.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.gov.ca.gov)
        
       | hnuser123456 wrote:
       | Were there any streaming services that played ads at a louder
       | level than the content...?
        
         | slater wrote:
         | Either at louder levels, or playing the old game of volume vs.
         | compression
        
         | BlewisJS wrote:
         | Yes...?
        
         | justarobert wrote:
         | At least on the roku apps most of them do for me. I might be
         | willing to believe that it's just them unintentionally
         | misconfiguring it or something; I'm sure roku isn't the primary
         | focus for any of them, but either way, they need to fix it.
        
           | belval wrote:
           | It's for sure an intentional issue considering how long its
           | been there without getting fixed.
           | 
           | So obnoxious as well, it isn't somewhat louder, it's
           | aggressively louder.
        
         | esseph wrote:
         | Hulu
        
         | makr17 wrote:
         | All of them? It's gotten so bad that I remapped the Netflix
         | button on the Shield remote to mute the receiver. The remote
         | has volume up/down buttons, but no mute, and ads are _so_ loud
         | now.
        
           | nickthegreek wrote:
           | Hitting vol up and down at the same time on the shield remote
           | will mute. i thought shield also had a way reduce dynamic
           | range in the audio stream to make this a non issue for those
           | that don't their audio channels being touched.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | Are there any that don't?
        
       | imiric wrote:
       | Ah, yes, audio volume. The biggest problem of advertising.
        
         | sbisker wrote:
         | Not sure if you're being sarcastic, but actually it
         | historically has been a problem. In the US it became regulated
         | for TV in 2010 with the CALM Act, and this is just a
         | modernization of that. https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/loud-
         | commercials
        
       | mholm wrote:
       | It's talking about the specific content being watched, right?
       | Could a media company release a silent episode, then if any ad
       | with noise is played on it, file suit?
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | I think in the standard they use for calculating the normalized
         | loudness (bs1770) is technically undefined for silent content
        
       | HeckFeck wrote:
       | Inb4 the media companies argue that it's violating muh "free
       | speech"*
       | 
       | * a universally good concept but this isn't an example of it
       | unless you're a lawyer.
        
         | rolph wrote:
         | inb4 media is liable for damages to your equipment when signal
         | level suddenly exceeds nominal.
        
       | smakt wrote:
       | Heh. The USA, getting there one law at a time. Have they banned
       | stealing yet? Oh wait, never mind.
        
         | sixothree wrote:
         | We are no longer one country it seems.
        
       | laughing_man wrote:
       | Broadcasters used to say the ads were no louder than the regular
       | programming, but the "density" was higher, so the _seem_ louder,
       | and that if you measured them with a dB meter you wouldn 't see
       | any change.
       | 
       | That was years ago, though. I wonder if it was true back then,
       | and if so whether or not it changed over time.
        
         | Xelbair wrote:
         | right now there's an industry standard way to measure perceived
         | loudness, and at least in saner places - the limits were
         | already set in place.
        
         | entropicdrifter wrote:
         | It was only ever true by an extremely specific, now outdated,
         | definition of loudness. Basically commercials back then would
         | have the audio extremely compressed, such that they were always
         | at the maximum possible volume allowable by your system at a
         | given volume setting, whereas content mixed to be _enjoyed_
         | would be mixed such that there are louder and quieter moments,
         | which is both gentler on the ear and more dynamic.
         | 
         | You know how movies are mixed such that they have really quiet
         | dialogue and big explosions are like 4-5x as loud? Commercials
         | are in explosion-mode the whole time.
         | 
         | So yeah, commercials are mixed louder than the rest of the
         | content on purpose, just to try to snag your attention. If they
         | could, advertisers would come into your house and turn the
         | volume on your AV receiver/soundbar/tv/computer/phone way up
         | themselves.
        
           | jonny_eh wrote:
           | Music albums have been suffering by dynamic range compression
           | as well. They apparently sell better since they sound louder,
           | but information is lost in the process.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudness_war
        
         | louthy wrote:
         | > density
         | 
         | It's reduced _dynamic range_ , this is done using audio
         | compression which, roughly, has the effect of making the quiet
         | parts louder and and loud parts quieter, then the volume level
         | can be increased. The overall effect is to keep the decibel
         | levels the same, but the every sound within the range is now
         | shouting at you.
        
           | themafia wrote:
           | > has the effect of making the quiet parts louder and and
           | loud parts quieter
           | 
           | Not quite. The ceiling of the signal is the same. The quiet
           | parts have gain added but the louder parts (over the
           | threshold/above the knee) receive no modification at all.
           | 
           | Once compression is complete you might even do a
           | normalization pass to ensure that the loudest impulse in your
           | audio achieves 0dBFS.
           | 
           | Put the two together and you have a "wall of noise" effect.
        
             | louthy wrote:
             | I wrote "roughly" on purpose, but I think your description
             | is wrong. A compressor triggers when the signal goes above
             | a threshold, this applies a compression factor to the loud
             | signal, which reduces the overall gain of the loud sounds
             | (they become quieter). That is what reduces the overall
             | dynamic range. Making the loud sounds quieter.
             | 
             | Most compressors then have a 'make up' gain control to
             | recover the lost volume. That process makes the quieter
             | sounds louder.
             | 
             | Your description sounds like an expander.
        
       | jagged-chisel wrote:
       | Presumably there's liability if the viewer is in California. But
       | suppose the viewer is on the east coast and the server is in
       | California - can the east coaster sue under this law?
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | No
        
         | benregenspan wrote:
         | There's no private right of action under the law, so even CA
         | residents can't sue.
        
           | Simulacra wrote:
           | Which is really interesting, but also understandable. On the
           | one hand, you would think a private rate of action gives
           | significantly more eyes for compliance. However, as we've
           | seen with prop 65, these kind of things just create a new
           | industry for lawyers.
        
             | thaack wrote:
             | "Umberg's bill faced resistance from Hollywood giants this
             | summer. The Motion Picture Association and Streaming
             | Innovators Alliance, which together represent entertainment
             | conglomerates including Disney, Paramount, Amazon and
             | Netflix, initially opposed the law, arguing that streaming
             | ads come from multiple different sources and are hard to
             | control. The MPA claimed in-house audio engineers were
             | already working on a fix and needed time to solve the issue
             | without facing legal threats. However, the group dropped
             | its opposition after Umberg added legal provisions
             | shielding streamers from lawsuits brought by private
             | parties, leaving enforcement up to the state attorney
             | general's office. The amended bill passed California's
             | state Legislature with overwhelming support from Democrats
             | and Republicans."[1]
             | 
             | Wouldn't be shocked if it was a huge nothingburger
             | enforcement wise.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.politico.com/news/2025/10/06/dial-it-down-
             | califo...
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | I'd vote to ban all Cal Worthington ads. Those ads made late
       | night TV utterly unwatchable.
        
         | bbaron63 wrote:
         | What will happen to his dog Spot?
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | [dupe] Discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45499281
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | Car commercials have to be the worst, and the cheaper the car,
       | the louder the commercial.
        
       | tehjoker wrote:
       | This kind of stuff (regulation) only happens because the industry
       | recognizes that they're in an arms race that they can't stop that
       | will cause people to stop watching TV.
        
       | sixothree wrote:
       | I literally can't stand watching football because of this. The
       | commercials are so frequent, and the volume is so loud, that you
       | can't even talk to the people in the room with you. Especially
       | considering the volume is already high to allow for people
       | wandering away and to also be audible over the conversations.
        
       | kristianc wrote:
       | Heh, this is the kind of "minor harm" regulation I'd typically
       | associate with Britain rather than the US. Is the culture
       | shifting, or is this just a California thing?
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | I'd say mostly a California thing, though there are a number of
         | states that sooner-or-later tend to adopt the same ideas that
         | California leads on.
        
         | jjice wrote:
         | I think California does this kind of thing a lot. A while back,
         | they began requiring cancer warning at coffee shops [0].
         | 
         | I'm not in California, but growing up at least, I associated it
         | was goofy small laws like this (along with not so goofy real
         | laws as well).
         | 
         | [0] https://www.cbsnews.com/news/starbucks-cancer-warning-
         | judge-...
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | Note that your example is not a new "goofy small law", but an
           | industry losing a lawsuit because of complete failure to
           | present relevant evidence in a lawsuit applying a long-
           | established, big (but maybe still goofy) law to them.
        
             | nomel wrote:
             | With the result being a goofy warning on something benign.
             | The practical result, that helps no-one (probably harms,
             | with desensitization of cancer warnings through obvious
             | government driven misapplication/ineptitude), is what makes
             | it a goofy law.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | This particular California law applies a rule applied to TV by
         | a 2010 US federal law to modern media that have largely
         | replaced TV. (It is even named after the federal law.)
         | 
         | So, as a broad kind of concern, no, it is not just a California
         | thing.
        
       | davidrossaudio wrote:
       | In Australia there's the OP-59 loudness spec that any piece of
       | broadcast content has to meet. It dictates maximum average
       | loudness level across the program as well as short term loudness
       | and true peak loudness. It's also the standard in the UK I
       | believe. Is there not a similar spec for TV in America? If I
       | mixed something for TV here and it didn't meet the OP-59 standard
       | it would get rejected by the broadcaster.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | US equivalent:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Advertisement_Loudn...
        
         | starlust2 wrote:
         | We also need that for brightness. The brightness on Amazon
         | Prime TV ads is painful. I literally hide under a blanket until
         | they are done.
        
       | Skullfurious wrote:
       | Fuck that stupid fight network ad on PlutoTV where it plays the
       | tinnitus sound effect.
        
       | wpollock wrote:
       | Thank goodness this isn't an issue on HN.
       | 
       | SMELLY CUTICLES? BUY OUR CUTICLE DEODORANT!
       | 
       | Seriously, how come TVs don't come with companders built in?
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | Imagine having to regulate this, and what it means of the the
       | advertisers and the streaming services that allow it...
       | 
       | Yet more proof that advertising is psychological assault and
       | advertisers are malicious entities.
       | 
       | Block ads for your data safety, your sanity and your comfort
       | level in your own home. Feel no remorse for a morally-bankrupt
       | industry riddled with scammers and grifters. Anything that would
       | be lost in the absence of advertising was not worth having in the
       | first place.
        
         | charcircuit wrote:
         | By this definition anyone talking to you is socialy
         | manipulating you. Manipulation is an every day part of life and
         | it's not healthy to try and avoid it as it means you must cut
         | off all social interaction.
         | 
         | There is a beauty in how humans can impact other humans in how
         | they act and think. How they choose to group up. What they
         | spend their time doing. Working together to accomplish things.
         | Helping each other.
        
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       (page generated 2025-10-07 23:00 UTC)