[HN Gopher] Who owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN relations...
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       Who owns Express VPN, Nord, Surfshark? VPN relationships explained
       (2024)
        
       Author : walterbell
       Score  : 636 points
       Date   : 2025-10-04 00:30 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (windscribe.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (windscribe.com)
        
       | holyknight wrote:
       | scary AF
        
       | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
       | This link displays just the map, freed from it's painfully small
       | frame.
       | 
       | https://kumu.io/embed/9ced55e897e74fd807be51990b26b415#vpn-c...
        
         | schiffern wrote:
         | Anyone got this as a regular single image infographic or
         | (better yet) a text-only bulleted outline?
        
           | moontear wrote:
           | There is an export button. Maybe it does what you want.
           | 
           | Don't use the embed link from above, use this one:
           | https://kumu.io/Windscribe/vpn-relationships
        
       | plmpsu wrote:
       | Just pay for and use Mullvad.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | I did until they killed port forwarding.
        
           | bilegeek wrote:
           | OOC what's your current favored provider? AirVPN? Proton?
        
             | octo888 wrote:
             | I tried Airvpn but the MacOS client is beyond trash.
             | 
             | And the website just gives 2005 amateur PHP coder vibes.
             | Not just the design. The session expiry is seems very long
             | - I hadn't visited for a few days and I'm still logged in.
             | I'd be surprised if it wasn't infinite.
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | On Mac you can just use OpenVPN/Wireguard and import one
               | of the profiles you can generate through their website.
        
               | octo888 wrote:
               | Not for feature parity.
               | 
               | And I find there's a good correlation between the quality
               | of the apps and the overall quality of the company. No
               | surprise that the Mullvad VPN app is excellent
        
               | baobun wrote:
               | For multiple reasons it's better and safer to avoid using
               | official provider client in the first place, regardless
               | of provider, and connect with a good
               | wireguard/openvpn/whatever client.
        
               | octo888 wrote:
               | Not universally true. The Mullvad client has lots of
               | additional features to enhance privacy. Killswitch, split
               | tunnelling (you might otherwise disconnect the VPN to use
               | a certain app, so it can overall improve privacy),
               | Shadowsocks, Lockdown mode etc
               | 
               | It's extremely high quality on MacOS in my experience.
               | It's never crashed for example whereas Airvpn's crashes
               | daily. It connects almost instantly. I don't think I've
               | ever seen it give an error
        
               | MezzoDelCammin wrote:
               | AirVPNs main proposition isn't "we have a nice app / UX".
               | It's "we give you the most configs / options". AFAIK
               | they're currently one of very few that allow you to
               | configure both port forwards and give you a stable config
               | (keys) to run your own wireguard instance
        
             | 201984 wrote:
             | Proton for me.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | Proton right now. It's okay but it causes some network
             | issues even when it's set to split tunnel default-exclude.
        
           | mystraline wrote:
           | Yep.
           | 
           | And I was on Proton for 3y, until the CEO were backing Trump
           | and Vance on Reddit and other places. Their port forwarding
           | was also painful as well, but it worked.
           | 
           | Cancelled. PIA does the port forwarding nicely and stabily.
           | No jank scripts to run every 60 seconds.
           | 
           | Now evidently PIA is a bunch of scum capitalists. But in
           | reality, who isn't?
           | 
           | Mullvad? But they killed port forwarding for "abuse".
        
             | 0points wrote:
             | > the CEO were backing Trump and Vance on Reddit and other
             | places
             | 
             | Something happened, but THAT didn't.
             | 
             | https://medium.com/@ovenplayer/does-proton-really-support-
             | tr...
        
               | ashirviskas wrote:
               | > Given Proton's outstanding track record and reputation
               | thus far as a free, open-source, crowdfunded
               | organization, owned by a non-profit and based in
               | Switzerland (a country known for its neutrality), this
               | topic is worth a deep dive.
               | 
               | Either it was someone paid to write this, or if author
               | really believes this, they are not someone I trust.
               | 
               | Maybe the organization is non-profit (which I do not
               | believe is practically true), it does not explain them
               | sharing so much with Tesonet.
        
             | subtextminer wrote:
             | The Proton CEO is not "backing Trump and Vance." He wrote
             | something positive about a narrow policy Trump supported
             | that's favorable to little tech over big tech. That's it.
             | It's certainly possible that someone you detest can still
             | occasionally support a particular policy you think is good.
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | Particularly when dealing with someone like Trump, who
               | has, on occasion, backed both sides of an issue,
               | depending on the day of the week! ;P
        
         | elorant wrote:
         | I do and I like them, but Cloudflare blocks their ips
         | aggressively.
        
           | lyu07282 wrote:
           | Reddit too, I wished they offered residential or dedicated
           | and/or unlisted ips. But most of the time you just have to
           | cycle through different ips to unblock.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | At this point in the cat/mouse game, wouldn't any set of
             | IPs used by a VPN eventually be able to be sussed out by
             | anyone interested?
        
               | lyu07282 wrote:
               | Some vpn services offer dedicated residential IP
               | addresses, meaning you get an IP from just a regular
               | private ISP in some other country. It's admittedly a bit
               | shady though, and more expensive ofc but that will
               | unblock everything
        
           | octo888 wrote:
           | There was a bumpy ride with CF a while ago but they seem fine
           | now (still plenty of captchas, of course)
        
         | 0x073 wrote:
         | Just spin up a server with wireguard.
        
           | celaleddin wrote:
           | or with Tailscale (and configure the server as an exit node).
        
           | nerdsniper wrote:
           | This is the way (or Tailscale). Easier to move around between
           | datacenters to find one with an ASN/IP that isn't blocked by
           | the apps/websites you use. If you do want a more off-the-
           | shelf solution, Mullvad is probably the best choice. All of
           | the consumer VPNs (including Mullvad) get blocked by various
           | services - I get degraded/intermittent connection to Google
           | Maps on them. GCC countries block most of the well-known VPNs
           | as well, if you ever travel to the Arabian/Persian Gulf
           | region. My private datacenter VPN gets blocked only very,
           | very rarely.
        
           | shj2105 wrote:
           | WireGuard/udp commonly gets blocked on public wifi
        
           | CryptoBanker wrote:
           | That defeats the entire purpose of anonymously mingling your
           | data with others'
        
         | nerdsniper wrote:
         | By mailing cash, if you like. They don't care if they know who
         | you are or not. They don't ask for your email address, you just
         | log in with a randomly-assigned account number and a password.
        
         | ct0 wrote:
         | They dont port forward unfortunately
        
       | VonGuard wrote:
       | Been saying it for YEARS: 95% of VPNs sell your data. It's where
       | they make their money. It's absolutely insane the push-back I get
       | when I say this online. I get downvoted to hell and back.
       | 
       | Source: I bought this data from VPN companies... Hell, you can
       | inject ads and surveys if you want!
        
         | throwawayq3423 wrote:
         | > Hell, you can inject ads and surveys if you want!
         | 
         | So am I right in saying that the data that's encrypted by VPNS
         | is only in transit? It then sits on a server in plain text,
         | ready to be queried by third parties for money.
        
           | andrecarini wrote:
           | Yes, VPNs add encryption only between you and the VPN
           | servers.
        
             | throwawayq3423 wrote:
             | How were they able to convince anyone that that matters?
        
               | mrmuagi wrote:
               | People seem to use VPNs to avoid IP based issues, like
               | Netflix or ip bans/associations, not sure anyone would
               | use it for actual privacy -- at best its obsfucation.
        
               | throwawayq3423 wrote:
               | Isn't Netflix pretty good at detecting VPNs at this
               | point?
        
         | mr_mitm wrote:
         | How does that work with HTTPS being practically ubiquitous?
        
           | rileymat2 wrote:
           | HTTPS spills what services you are communicating with, but
           | not the content...
           | 
           | ...except approximate content sizes and timing patterns.
        
             | mr_mitm wrote:
             | The GP claimed they can inject ads though
        
           | zubiaur wrote:
           | They sell metadata. DNS queries, locations, apps using data,
           | device info. Usually anonymized, but both unscrupulous and
           | "better" providers do have access to your account and payment
           | info.
        
             | mr_mitm wrote:
             | GP claimed they can inject ads. How does that work with
             | HTTPS?
        
           | Lammy wrote:
           | If HTTPS were for privacy it would be called HTTPP. Security
           | features tend to make things _less_ Private, like how opening
           | apps on a Mac makes it phone home for OCSP check.
        
           | tredre3 wrote:
           | I reckon that if HTTPS was sufficient to hide your online
           | activity, then you wouldn't need a VPN to hide it in the
           | first place.
        
         | Lammy wrote:
         | I wouldn't be surprised if a lot of them have like a Crypto AG
         | thing going on and have the capability to use paying customers
         | as exit nodes as a way to launder consent-manufacturing bot
         | bullshit through legitimate-looking residential and mobile
         | connections.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | > 95% of VPNs sell your data
         | 
         | This is believable.
         | 
         | > It's where they make their money.
         | 
         | I'm much more skeptical of this. I know linus tech tips is not
         | exactly an expert organization, but I believe the discussions
         | they've had about almost starting a VPN and backing out for
         | ethical reasons, and they made it clear that the core VPN
         | product would have huge profit margins. You can always do
         | greedy things to make _more_ money, but for a paid VPN I 'd
         | need some solid evidence to believe that data sales are a huge
         | line item or especially that they're the main source of money.
         | 
         | If you're including the swaths of free VPNs then that makes
         | your number a lot harder to use.
        
         | mrmuagi wrote:
         | what VPN companies?
        
           | freetime2 wrote:
           | And what types of data?
        
         | jesterson wrote:
         | > 95% of VPNs sell your data. It's where they make their money.
         | It's absolutely insane the push-back I get when I say this
         | online.
         | 
         | People love to stick to what they irrationally believe in. I
         | would give you push back as well by saying 95% is a very
         | conservative number. I would say 98-99%
         | 
         | But hey, they say they don't sell my data isn't it?
        
         | flexagoon wrote:
         | > Source: I bought this data from VPN companies
         | 
         | I'm more interested in this part - how does that work? Do you
         | just reach out to them directly and ask "hey, let me buy your
         | user data"? Or is there some sort of service they offer?
        
         | VonGuard wrote:
         | And look! I am downvoted again!
         | 
         | How does this work? They harvest your DNS! They inject surveys
         | into your YouTube packets. They tabulate just how much traffic
         | goes to which specific games on Twitch. How? The provider is
         | the endpoint, not you.
         | 
         | It's not the whole picture, but it's enough to sell to
         | marketers.
         | 
         | This is what happens EVERY time I say this! Look again! It
         | happened, I have 1 upvote... It's almost as if the VPN
         | companies don't want you to believe this is true!
         | 
         | Story time! I have been cashed out of three startups. $600
         | total, across them all. It's the people in the Valley who've
         | struck out over and over who know the truth, not the successes.
         | 
         | One of those startups was about tracking the games played on
         | Twitch, and selling that info to Esports entities, marketing
         | firms, etc. The company did not succeed because, honestly, it's
         | not hard data to scrape yourself. BUT, we tried. And where did
         | we get our data? VPN providers. Major VPN providers. We don't
         | care about your personal data. We care about whether you
         | watched a Twitch stream of GTA or Madden.
         | 
         | And for a time, yes, we could buy injected surveys. Packets,
         | literally injected into your streams of data. This was
         | expensive, iffy, and controversial, but it was on the rate
         | cards.
         | 
         | DNS is very useful, and unencrypted. OpenDNS makes its money on
         | this same info. Stop putting your heads in the sand. Ya'll have
         | seriously lost the path.
        
         | Ms-J wrote:
         | Yes, I've heard of bad VPN companies that sell your data. I
         | would like to learn more about how it is done exactly.
         | 
         | In your later comment you said "DNS is very useful, and
         | unencrypted. OpenDNS makes its money on this same info." Is the
         | VPN company only openly selling DNS info or are they selling
         | more, such as connection logs?
         | 
         | How did you approach the VPN provider to ask to buy this info?
        
         | eloisant wrote:
         | Fun fact: I once interviewed for a company offering a free VPN,
         | which was actually using other users as endpoints for the VPN.
         | Some kind of P2P VPN if you will.
         | 
         | How did they make money? Easy: there were also selling a
         | botnet! So if you used their "free VPN", you could be part of a
         | botnet for DDOS or to create fake reviews/upvotes from
         | thousands of "legit" IP addresses.
        
       | justapassenger wrote:
       | Is there any other real world usecases for VPN nowadays other
       | than:
       | 
       | 1. Getting access to geolocked data
       | 
       | 2. Torrenting "Linux ISOs"
       | 
       | ?
        
         | ThatMedicIsASpy wrote:
         | ISPs bad routing and peering
        
         | bilegeek wrote:
         | 3. Hosting websites with DDNS (though the abuse from that
         | caused Mullvad and IVPN to drop port forwarding)
         | 
         | 4. Though it hurts anonymity, and is relatively rare: I2P or
         | Hyphanet, because some websites block known P2P nodes[1].
         | Important if your bank or work is being a jerk about it.
         | 
         | 5. As ThatMedicIsASpy notes, ISP issues: some routers soil the
         | bed from P2P, some ISP's throttle P2P traffic regardless of
         | legality, etc.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://old.reddit.com/r/i2p/comments/tc3bhs/is_anybody_else...
        
         | zer0tonin wrote:
         | Those two are pretty big already to be honest. I guess a third
         | one would be avoiding eavesdropping on public wi-fis.
        
           | justapassenger wrote:
           | With TLS being everywhere, and just few clicks away from
           | having DNS over TLS, I really don't get eavesdropping on
           | public wifi prop value.
        
             | octo888 wrote:
             | TLS doesn't hide which websites (hostnames) you visit
        
               | IggleSniggle wrote:
               | It does if you do DNS over TLS or HTTPS, although I guess
               | that information would still be knowable to your DNS
               | provider if they terminate your TLS behind the scenes
        
               | optimalquiet wrote:
               | Not quite. In order to make TLS certs work on a per-site
               | basis, requests sent over HTTPS _also_ include a virtual
               | host indicator in cleartext that shows the hostname of
               | the site you're trying to connect to, so if the IP on the
               | other end is hosting multiple domains it can find the
               | right cert. For this reason some people feel that DNS
               | over TLS is pretty pointless as a privacy measure.
        
               | MrOwen wrote:
               | I think this is only true if SNI is disabled. Otherwise
               | you really only get the IP of SRC and DEST.
        
               | appointment wrote:
               | SNI relies on the client specifying the host name in the
               | unencrypted ClientHello message that initiates a TLS
               | handshake. Encrypted Client Hello involves extra
               | configuration that most websites don't implement.
        
               | ahlCVA wrote:
               | SNI leakage is what encrypted client hello (ECH) tries to
               | solve: https://blog.cloudflare.com/announcing-encrypted-
               | client-hell...
               | 
               | It's still not perfect since you're still leaking
               | information about the privacy set implied by the outer
               | ClientHello, but this possibly isn't much worse than the
               | destination IP address you're leaking anyway.
        
               | pfexec wrote:
               | Which is more likely, your barista collecting this data
               | for nefarious purposes, or your ISP?
        
               | bigiain wrote:
               | Or that dude in the black hoodie in the corner who always
               | seems to be camped at whatever cafe you and your cow
               | orkers are using as your startup "office"?
        
             | numpad0 wrote:
             | VPN unifies all destination IPs to server.ip.addr.ess. IP
             | reverse lookups tells some stories if you are to be so
             | paranoid
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | 1. example.com is not on the HSTS preload list
             | 
             | 2. Because you normally visit example.com using an
             | incognito window, your browser hasn't cached the redirect
             | to SSL, or the address bar suggestion, and you haven't
             | bookmarked the site.
             | 
             | 3. You key in example.com, the browser connects over http,
             | and the evil wifi MITMs your unencrypted connection -
             | removing the redirect to SSL and messing with the page
             | however the evildoer wants.
             | 
             | Obviously a VPN provider can also do this, but you might
             | hope they're less likely to.
        
               | sciencejerk wrote:
               | Will Chromium generate a "Your connection is not private"
               | warning in this scenario, that the user has to click
               | through to proceed? And the user would have to type
               | example.com in the browser bar; https://example.com would
               | also trigger a warning, correct?
        
               | extraduder_ire wrote:
               | You connect to an access point, and your browser/OS tries
               | to open one of
               | http://detectportal.firefox.com/canonical.html,
               | http://www.msftconnecttest.com/connecttest.txt,
               | http://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204,
               | https://captive.apple.com/hotspot-detect.html and
               | loads/displays whatever unencrypted web page is served.
               | 
               | Getting someone to open an unencrypted webpage is almost
               | trivial. It's often one of the only web pages you can
               | open on a device.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | The problem isn't getting you to open a page, it's
               | putting that page behind a known legitimate URL.
        
               | TZubiri wrote:
               | "Obviously a VPN provider can also do this, but you might
               | hope they're less likely to."
               | 
               | So you have identified some marginal privacy issue, and
               | have identified that a VPN doesn't solve it, but rather
               | that it moves the risk to a third party actor you
               | subjectively feel is better. Well I feel that,
               | subjectively, introducing a third party generally
               | decreases security.
               | 
               | I believe that not all privacy and security
               | considerations can or should be solved technically, but
               | rather we have extra-technical mechanisms like law and
               | social norms that provide some protection on the edge
               | cases. For example, an employee cannot lookup information
               | for personal reasons on a system they are entrusted to in
               | a professional capacity. I'm no expert, but you probably
               | have first laws that prohibit that, second corporate
               | policy that prohibits that, and thirdly social pressure
               | that prohibits that to some extent. Are they perfect? Not
               | necessarily which is why for the most part we rely on
               | technical encryption and security mechanisms.
               | 
               | But at some point these examples become so contrived and
               | the medicine becomes the poison, so you enter into
               | territory that is pretty standard in other industries,
               | what's to stop a waiter from spitting into a cup? There's
               | no spit filter in place of McDonalds, there's other
               | mechanisms protecting us.
               | 
               | On a similar note, logic and debate is not the only way
               | to convey this phenomenon, so here's some more artistic
               | retort to privacy schizophrenia.
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jf9I04Oa-hU
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Using a VPN means you have to trust one company instead
               | of every wifi you connect to, and also makes that an
               | entity that's an expert at privacy instead of working off
               | a half-forgotten router in the back.
               | 
               | How is any of this "medicine becoming the poison" or
               | "schizophrenic"?
        
               | TZubiri wrote:
               | No, you have to trust the one company, as well as
               | everyone you were trusting before. You are still using
               | the router, and now you are also trusting the VPN
               | provider, as well as the nodes in between the VPN
               | provider and your original destination.
               | 
               | Also, you are just switching up the "unprotected stretch"
               | between your local wifi, and, say, Google's servers,
               | whereas now that "unprotected stretch" lies between the
               | VPN provider servers in Latvia or British Virgin Islands
               | or Panama, or whatever dubious jurisdiction, and, say,
               | Google. Sure, you added a layer of protection against the
               | random hacker sitting in your Starbucks, but you have
               | added many more vectors.
               | 
               | It becomes the poison because the solution you are
               | introducing brings more issues. And it's schizophrenic
               | because the issue to begin with, was minuscule (a hacker
               | stepping into MacDonalds, breaking the network encryption
               | and then also the application encryption.
               | 
               | Maybe if this were 2010 and websites still used HTTP, or
               | you are using a local email client without TLS
               | configured. But it's 2025, everything has HTTPs and you
               | are using an HTTPs email client.
               | 
               | VPNs to protect corporate networks is sensible. Consumer
               | VPNs are a different thing entirely and they do not
               | provide increased security at best, decrease security at
               | worst, and usually cater to schizoid threat models, where
               | the threat actor is the state, rather than more realistic
               | threat scenarios.
        
             | TZubiri wrote:
             | Additionally, if ConsumerVPNs provide encryption, don't
             | they provide encryption from the stretch between the
             | consumer to the proxy? The stretch between the proxy to the
             | destination would not have additional encryption, and there
             | is no reason to believe that the second transit would be
             | shorter.
        
         | 0x073 wrote:
         | Free wifi hotspots
         | 
         | Nowadays most traffic is tls encrypted, but there are still
         | metadata that can be collected.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >but there are still metadata that can be collected.
           | 
           | That logic is questionable given how poorly "spying on public
           | wifi users" scales. You either need to put a bunch of
           | eavesdropping radios in a bunch of public places or somehow
           | convince a bunch of small businesses to use your "free wifi"
           | solution. Even if you do have access, it's hard to monetize
           | the data, given that nearly every device does MAC
           | randomization (so you can't track across different SSIDs) and
           | iOS/windows rotates mac addresses for open/public networks.
           | OTOH setting up metadata capture on a commercial VPN service
           | is pretty straightforward, because you control all the
           | servers.
        
             | baby_souffle wrote:
             | Doesn't pretty much every Starbucks location in the United
             | States use a nationwide provider?
             | 
             | Despite the randomized Mac address, you can still
             | fingerprint devices using all the usual tricks when they
             | connect to the authentication and authorization page before
             | you allow them to access the broader internet.
             | 
             | If the receipt had a passcode on it, you've got a link
             | between all of your browser fingerprint, radio fingerprint
             | and payment detail fingerprint and possibly customer
             | loyalty provided at time of payment.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Despite the randomized Mac address, you can still
               | fingerprint devices using all the usual tricks when they
               | connect to the authentication and authorization page
               | before you allow them to access the broader internet.
               | 
               | Fingerprinting is overrated given that every iPhone 17 is
               | identical to any other iPhone 17. If you leave system
               | settings at stock, which most people do, there's very
               | little to fingerprint.
               | 
               | >Doesn't pretty much every Starbucks location in the
               | United States use a nationwide provider?
               | 
               | True, although mobile data is cheap and plentiful enough
               | that I rarely bother using wifi at cafes or fast food
               | places. The only time I use public wifi is if I'm staying
               | long term, which basically only encompasses trains,
               | airports, and hotels. Those are diverse enough that it's
               | tough to build a complete profile.
               | 
               | >If the receipt had a passcode on it, you've got a link
               | between all of your browser fingerprint, radio
               | fingerprint and payment detail fingerprint and possibly
               | customer loyalty provided at time of payment.
               | 
               | I don't think I ever saw a place that was that guarded
               | about their wifi. The closest I've seen is hotels
               | requiring your room/last name, which would allow them to
               | identify you, but at the same time I'm not sure how much
               | information they can glean, other than that I'm logging
               | into gmail or airbnb. Persistent monitoring that ISPs can
               | do is far more useful.
        
               | baby_souffle wrote:
               | > Those are diverse enough that it's tough to build a
               | complete profile.
               | 
               | Debatable; i promise you that somebody out there is
               | willing to buy the info and will attempt to combine it
               | with $otherInfo such that it becomes valuable enough for
               | somebody else to buy. Lots of adtech/survalence-tech
               | operates with thin margins at _massive scale_.
               | 
               | > I don't think I ever saw a place that was that guarded
               | about their wifi.
               | 
               | It's rare; i'd run into it only a few times a year.
               | Typically PoS systems and WiFi are not integrated. I also
               | haven't really been paying attention since LTE is good
               | now :).
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | 3. Avoiding government-mandated record keeping by ISPs in a
         | country like the UK, where all ISPs have to keep a year of your
         | browsing history and it can be accessed warrant free by 17
         | different agencies(including DEFRA, the agriculture agency).
         | 
         | And yes, I'm aware that you're most likely trading one
         | surveilence for another - but honestly at this point I'd much
         | rather trust my paid VPN provider with my browsing data than my
         | ISP and ultimately the government.
        
           | justapassenger wrote:
           | Given that most of the web has TLS and you can easily do DNS
           | over TLS - that's very very high level metadata, where I
           | personally just don't see much ROI vs to giving that metadata
           | to random company with no regulations whatsoever.
        
             | octo888 wrote:
             | Many TLS deployments still leak the hostname in plain text
             | as part of SNI
        
           | retube wrote:
           | > but honestly at this point I'd much rather trust my paid
           | VPN provider with my browsing data than my ISP and ultimately
           | the government.
           | 
           | Your ISP will need to comply with local laws and regulations,
           | and you'll have some recourse if broken. A third-party VPN
           | operating in an overseas jurisdiction could be doing anything
           | with your data.
        
             | anonym29 wrote:
             | Unless it's selling the data back to my own government, I'd
             | rather a foreign commercial VPN provider have that
             | information rather than my own domestic ISP or my own
             | domestic government.
             | 
             | My government can do parallel construction, can send teams
             | of armed gunmen to my house, and otherwise find far more
             | methods to persecute me than the intelligence services of
             | Russia or China can.
             | 
             | Being innocent of any kind of crime does not necessarily
             | remove one from the crosshairs of law enforcement
             | organizations, particularly the FBI, who have an extensive,
             | well-documented history of violating citizens'
             | constitutional rights, conducting partisan witch hunts
             | against political opponents, being a lawless menace to
             | civil rights activists, anti-war activists, gay rights
             | activists, both pro-abortion and anti-abortion activists,
             | and is probably busy right now planning on being a menace
             | to trans inclusivity activists.
             | 
             | There is no such thing as a friendly government, but I'd
             | much rather have my data in the hands of a government
             | 10,000 miles away than in the hands of my own government.
             | My own government hunts, injures, stalks, harasses,
             | socially ostracizes, and even kills my fellow citizens far
             | more than any foreign government ever has.
        
             | IAmBroom wrote:
             | > Your ISP will need to comply with local laws and
             | regulations,
             | 
             | I think you've managed to exactly describe the problem with
             | them, and yet you phrase it as a positive.
        
         | mr_mitm wrote:
         | I VPN into my home network for added privacy in public wifis,
         | and to access private services.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | Protection from IP tracking, especially if your ISP doesn't do
         | CGNAT. Of course there's a trade-off here between
         | 
         | a) your ISP (who knows your billing information) knowing which
         | sites you visit, and any site you visit can correlate internet
         | activity back to your household
         | 
         | b) your VPN provider knowing all the sites you visit
        
           | Havoc wrote:
           | CGNAT won't save you in a world where everything is
           | fingerprinted to within an inch of it's life.
        
             | TurboSkyline wrote:
             | But a VPN, commercial or self-hosed, also won't stop
             | fingerprinting. It changes your apparent IP address, but
             | the rest of the characteristics of your device and browser
             | stay the same.
        
         | hemabe wrote:
         | In Germany (and probably in the UK too), you now have to be
         | very careful about what you write online. There is actually a
         | section 188 that makes insulting, defaming, or slandering
         | people in political life a criminal offense. You can now face
         | heavy fines for minor insults ("idiot") or even have your home
         | searched. A VPN can be useful here.
        
           | hansvm wrote:
           | What idiot signed that bullshit into law?
        
             | skrause wrote:
             | That law has existed since 1951 and is based on an
             | executive order from 1931 by Hindenburg.
        
             | dartharva wrote:
             | This is actually not uncommon in most of the world.
             | American 1A is actually an extremely novel concept most
             | other countries still haven't caught up on.
        
               | crossroadsguy wrote:
               | American 1A is as strong as it's proving to be right now
               | and increasingly proving to be stronger and stronger by
               | the day, since January this year!
               | 
               | Many other countries have protections like that, "on
               | paper" (!!!) - but the point is in how it is used or
               | misused, or rather completely ignored - directly or
               | indirectly, like in the USA currently and many other
               | countries in the world.
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | Novel in what sense? Are you familiar with the hisory of
               | free speech in e.g. the UK, Sweden, and France?
        
               | IAmBroom wrote:
               | The UK, where the government has literally smashed
               | printing presses in the newspaper age when magazines were
               | thought to be publishing embarrassing news about the
               | Crown? Where the government's legal authority to do so is
               | still intact? That UK?
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | If anyone wants some background info on the "idiot" comment:
           | 
           | A Bavarian man captioned an image of Robert Habeck (the vice
           | chancellor of Germany at the time) with "Schwachkopf
           | Professional" - "Professional Idiot". It was styled after the
           | Schwarzkopf ad campaign. For this, Habeck filed a criminal
           | complaint "to stop hate crime" against the man and the man's
           | apartment was searched by the police and a tablet
           | confiscated. Oh, and he was arrested over it as well. [0]
           | 
           | (The man was also accused of posting some nazi imagery
           | earlier in the year, but the order to search his house seems
           | to be related _only_ to the insult. [1])
           | 
           | Imagine if you could be arrested for calling your (vice)
           | president an idiot.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.dw.com/en/germany-greens-habeck-presses-
           | charges-...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.tagesspiegel.de/politik/falschaussage-im-
           | fall-sc... (it's in German)
        
             | jojobas wrote:
             | You don't treasure your freedom of speech until you lose
             | it.
        
             | crossroadsguy wrote:
             | > Imagine if you could be arrested for calling your (vice)
             | president an idiot.
             | 
             | You must not set foot in the USA, India, China, et cetera,
             | then.
             | 
             | Imagine you say? Getting arrested might be the least of
             | your worries in today's world if you decide to call a
             | president (or the immediate underling) an idiot in many
             | countries :D
        
         | hansvm wrote:
         | A ton of ISPs use deep packet inspection for various kinds of
         | filtering (and other shenanigans). When they get it wrong it
         | manifests to the user as certain websites or access patterns
         | being inaccessible and the ISPs customer support agreeing that
         | you should have access and being able to do fuck all to fix it.
         | A VPN in the middle usually solves the issue.
        
           | TZubiri wrote:
           | Wait, I think an ISP cannot inspect the content of packets
           | that are encrypted, say, with HTTPs. In order to inspect TLS
           | encrypted packets you need access to the end-device,
           | controlling the end-router is not sufficient since you would
           | not have access to the device certificates.
           | 
           | If you can prove that an ISP can inspect packets, it would be
           | major news.
        
             | calvinmorrison wrote:
             | They may not need the contents, seeing you're connecting to
             | a netflix IP and having a lot of data transfer may be a
             | good reason to throttle, for example.
        
             | esseph wrote:
             | * Russia
             | 
             | * Kazakhstan
             | 
             | * China
             | 
             | * Belarus
             | 
             | * Iran
             | 
             | * Mayanmar
             | 
             | - list of countries that are known or suspected to MITM
             | traffic, including SSL
        
               | coderatlarge wrote:
               | how so they supposedly do it?
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | SSL certificates have a centralized hierarchy. Many
               | browsers trust a long list of root certificate
               | authorities from multiple countries.
               | 
               | https://cyberscoop.com/russia-tls-security-certificate-
               | autho...
               | 
               | https://jpgamboa.com/china-ssl-authority-revoked-by-
               | browsers...
        
               | sciencejerk wrote:
               | Do some countries force the browser companies to add
               | their root cert, despite abuse?
        
               | botanical76 wrote:
               | I imagine so. I understand that Opera GX, for example,
               | provides a specialized version to Russian IPs that locks
               | down the search engines that can be used.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | There are always rumours. And some countries simply
               | openly require computers sold in their country to have
               | their root cert.
        
               | af78 wrote:
               | One attempt I know of:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan_man-in-the-
               | middle_a... There might be others.
        
             | hansvm wrote:
             | You don't need fully broken encryption to gain useful
             | information. Knowing how much data is transferred, to which
             | servers, and when (especially with details like how various
             | endpoints will inadvertently chunk up HTTPS requests based
             | on the details about the content or how interactive
             | sessions will have certain back-and-forth transmit
             | patterns) is sufficent to generate a traffic "fingerprint"
             | which you can correlate to other users, to automated traces
             | crawling those same servers, and otherwise get a very good
             | sense of what a user is up to online even above and beyond
             | just knowing which IP is being queried.
             | 
             | Toss that into any sort of "anomaly detection" or other
             | such nonsense, and it's easy to create rare edge cases at
             | an ISP level.
             | 
             | It's somewhat analogous to how you can sometimes "reverse"
             | hashes like SHA256. E.g., suppose the thing you're hashing
             | is an IPV4 address. There are only 4 billion of those, so a
             | pre-image attack just iterating through all of them and
             | checking the forward direction of the hash is extremely
             | effective. TLS makes that a little more complicated since
             | the content itself is actually hidden, but time and space
             | side-channels give you a lot of stochastic information. You
             | might not be able to deduce somebody's bank password, but
             | you can probably figure out where in the bank's login flow
             | they are and approximately what they did once they logged
             | in.
        
               | extraduder_ire wrote:
               | It may have been fixed since, but I saw a decent talk
               | about this (defcon, IIRC) using Tinder as an example.
               | 
               | Using timing, amounts of data, and what was being
               | connected to, you could recreate what someone was looking
               | at and swiping direction. (left/right sent different
               | amounts of data)
        
               | TZubiri wrote:
               | ip addresses are not encrypted, they are part of the
               | header, not the body. The mailman needs to know the
               | address.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Are you confusing DPI with MITM or something?
             | 
             | DPI does not require any decryption of payload. Even cheap
             | consumer devices can perform DPI on encrypted traffic. ISPs
             | _absolutely_ use DPI as a part of standard practice, and
             | have been for decades. It is a basic network traffic
             | management tool.
        
         | msp26 wrote:
         | Accessing services from the UK without handing over your
         | personal ID to a service that will inevitably get hacked.
         | 
         | This happened to discord literally a few days ago.
        
           | JonChesterfield wrote:
           | "Hacked" will be "left the data on a public S3 bucket until
           | someone noticed" or similar.
        
           | hshdhdhehd wrote:
           | Underrated comment. And why do we need to justify privacy?
           | Justify our non-privacy!
        
         | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
         | > Getting access to geolocked data
         | 
         | I use VPNs when I'm trying to ferret out the scope of an
         | outage. I have VPN servers on local ISP which moves me around
         | different routing. I use a commercial service to move me
         | further out and to other countries.
        
           | hshdhdhehd wrote:
           | So you are doing a manual version of what uptime monitors do.
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | Sort of. I suppose the difference is that I don't need to
             | know in advance where the fault is. ex: An upstream, 3rd
             | party service provider appears offline.
        
         | ragequittah wrote:
         | One others seem to have missed 3. ad blocking on your phone
         | away from home. Almost all VPNs have a block ads / known
         | malicious traffic function. This can be done with just a DNS
         | but often mobile carriers will block using your own DNS.
        
         | baby_souffle wrote:
         | The original use for a VPN - getting access to private
         | resources - is still very much in play.
         | 
         | I don't just mean being able to access some private web
         | interface you have on a private server in your at home, I mean
         | connecting a satellite office to the main corporate office.
         | 
         | But for all of these consumer marketed VPNs, I think your list
         | has 90%+ covered...
        
           | TZubiri wrote:
           | Interesting that we use the same word to describe both
           | technologies, but semantically and technically they are very
           | different.
           | 
           | Perhaps we use the same word to describe them because
           | initially they did use the same technologies, but they have
           | branched out ever since? Maybe IPSec would be a common tech
           | used. But the algorithms are not the same anymore since they
           | serve different purposes (Personal privacy vs
           | corporate/sysadmin security)
           | 
           | In the corporate world VPNs were usually a lower level
           | abstraction security mechanism or a redundant security
           | mechanism to either complement application layer_security, or
           | to hot-patch modern security unto legacy LAN systems. VPN
           | encryption is usually provided by the local router. Common
           | algorithms are IPSec/IKev2.
           | 
           | In the personal privacy world, we are talking about a proxy
           | that hides identification such as IP addresses, and pools
           | connections to provide privacy. The actual encryption is not
           | the main security mechanism even, as it only covers the
           | transit between consumer to proxy, leaving (a potentially
           | longer transit) between the proxy to the actual destination.
           | 
           | In terms of purpose and architecture it's closer to bitcoin
           | tumblers, or Tor or Freenet, or money laundering placement.
           | The fact that they call it VPNs seems to me more of a
           | marketing scheme or political play to avoid association with
           | all of the above, than an actual technical or academical
           | description. If someone were to analyse these technologies,
           | I'm sure a neutral or critical approach would avoid
           | uncritically calling them VPNs in the same way that research
           | is published not about Viagra, but on Sildenafil.
        
             | baby_souffle wrote:
             | > Interesting that we use the same word to describe both
             | technologies, but semantically and technically they are
             | very different.
             | 
             | That's where my head was at. When i hear my colleagues talk
             | about a VPN, i'm thinking about an IPSEC tunnel and an
             | afternoon of swearing at ios on some outdated ASA. When I
             | hear regular people talking about a VPN, my mind
             | immediately goes to "oh, so you want to watch rick and
             | morty on netflix and don't know anybody hosting a
             | jellyfin/plex server".
             | 
             | When do we coin a new term? Or do we? Does "vpn" turn into
             | a word like "truck" where it's only the context that tells
             | you if we're talking about a 2 axle pickup truck in a home
             | depot parking lot or something pulling a 40ft container
             | unit?
        
               | walterbell wrote:
               | How do authoritarian regimes differentiate business and
               | consumer network traffic, for the purpose of inspection
               | and decryption, censorship of specific content, or
               | blocking of specific protocols? This also overlaps with
               | net neutrality and dump pipes vs. content-centric
               | metering.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Company VPN most likely goes to set IP address associated
               | with a business. And this is most likely a rather static
               | thing. So tracking data going there is most likely
               | legitimate. And well on other side they can make whatever
               | comes out from business IP a problem for business.
        
             | netsharc wrote:
             | As you've written, the proxy services are called VPN
             | because they used the same technology, e.g. OpenVPN.
             | 
             | "Crypto" in the 90s meant secret keys and message
             | encryption, nowadays it's the term for the numerous ponzi
             | scheme "investments"...
        
         | noman-land wrote:
         | 3. Not revealing your IP/location with every outgoing web
         | request.
        
         | whatever1 wrote:
         | Access sites the government has blocked in your state/country
        
           | eloisant wrote:
           | I would put that in the "geolocked data" category
        
         | JonChesterfield wrote:
         | Sharing corporate info with your employees and not everyone
         | else. You know, the "go to work" thing some people do.
        
           | TZubiri wrote:
           | Just because something is called with the same name, doesn't
           | mean it's the same thing. Especially if the naming is done on
           | a product by a company that wants to sell the product, and
           | especially if the name is not a protected trademark.
           | 
           | Express VPN, NordVPN and Surfshark belong to another category
           | of software than the VPNs used by companies.
           | 
           | Some differences are:
           | 
           | 1- One is used by consumers, the other is used by businesses.
           | 
           | 2- One protects communications to a client-controlled Local
           | area network. The other protects communications with third
           | party services.
           | 
           | 3- One provides encryption, the other provides anonymization.
        
             | IAmBroom wrote:
             | 1- If we both use a hammer, and you use it for business
             | while I use it for DIY, the tool is still the same thing.
             | 
             | 2- The hammer doesn't care where the nail is; local
             | carpentry or third-party furniture still require the same
             | tool.
             | 
             | 3- Both sides of the VPN are encrypted to each other, and
             | anonymous to anyone else. No difference that I can see.
        
         | TZubiri wrote:
         | 3. Creating multiple accounts with platforms to break their ToS
         | without getting chainbanned.
         | 
         | 4. Perform DDoS
         | 
         | 5. brute force passwords
         | 
         | 6. try out leaked passwords
         | 
         | 7. exploit vulns.
         | 
         | 8. CSAM
         | 
         | 9. Phish
         | 
         | 10. Spam
         | 
         | 11. Evade taxes with crypto
         | 
         | 12. Sell drugs
         | 
         | 13. Terrorism
         | 
         | Lots of malicious uses for VPNs, or was your question about
         | legitimate usecases? In which case:
         | 
         | 14. Sending emails about cryptography
         | 
         | 15. Pornography
         | 
         | 16. activism
         | 
         | 17. Journalism/Whistleblowing
         | 
         | 18. Military
         | 
         | Although some of the legitimate/ilegitimate categories might be
         | subjective, which is precisely why it's a grey legal area at
         | all.
        
         | tick_tock_tick wrote:
         | I mean the EU has completely given up on free speech so if you
         | want to say anything you better be hiding who you are.
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | Australian ISPs are legally required to retain metadata for two
         | years.
         | 
         | That's one of the best reasons to use a VPN if you're in
         | Australia. Give up as little as possible.
         | 
         | I have found, however, lots of sites block or Captcha-restrict
         | IP addresses that are (somehow determined as) non-residential,
         | and Netflix restricts its content as well.
        
           | globalnode wrote:
           | Won't TOR browser block metadata collection?
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | 3. When you know/suspect your ISP is more shady than the VPN
         | you're using. This applies particularly when you're doing
         | something your government doesn't like.
         | 
         | VPNs don't increase privacy, they just change who has the
         | opportunity to spy on your traffic. Sometimes, it's much better
         | if it's some foreign random ISP instead of your local
         | government, who can send law enforcement agents where you live.
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | Another one is getting around content filters / service-
         | specific throttling (think college dorms and campuses, hotels,
         | public hotspots etc).
        
         | klinch wrote:
         | Accessing "the internet" while visiting your family in
         | China/Russia/Iran/Thailand/...
        
         | wyre wrote:
         | My vpn bypasses the paywall on the public xfinitywifi hotspots
         | making internet essentially free because I would likely being
         | paying for Mullvad regardless.
        
         | ornel wrote:
         | Way too many services in Mexico only work from Mexican IPs,
         | from paying your electricity or internet bills to topping up
         | highway toll accounts and even ordering food from a supermarket
        
         | Gustomaximus wrote:
         | I use a VPN for 3 main reasons:
         | 
         | 1) I need to come out of a particular country for some systems
         | access. If I'm travelling it's easier than having IT team
         | change permissions.
         | 
         | 2) I use dedicated IPs for some systems.
         | 
         | 3) Testing websites where I want to appear local to a
         | particular country.
        
         | apt-apt-apt-apt wrote:
         | 3. Watching porn without your ISP knowing you are into furry
         | sharks wearing banana costumes
        
         | brisky wrote:
         | Testing your app/website when it has different behaviour
         | depending on locale
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | Real, but pretty minimal usage.
        
         | cess11 wrote:
         | I work from home and use a VPN service to get a bunch of IP:s I
         | can easily switch between.
         | 
         | Recently a SaaS supplier blocked my IP because I was logging in
         | programmatically every thirty seconds to collect data on batch
         | processing in a customer project, basically two HTTP requests
         | to get an access key and then the data, and I was lazy so I
         | just put those in a script and dumped the second response to a
         | log file and put that in a scheduler. Turned out that another
         | customer of the SaaS supplier somehow could see the traffic on
         | my customer's SaaS instance and panicked because in their mind
         | it was obviously the russians attacking or something, and when
         | they brought this to the supplier they also panicked.
         | 
         | So to keep doing this I had to move over to checking whether
         | the previous access key was still valid and reuse it if so, as
         | well as moving my 'location' to another country. Apparently
         | this is fine but logging in two times a minute is not. It also
         | happens that I need to do research on network services and
         | cloud environments, where having the ability to just hit a
         | couple of terminal incantations to switch 'where' I am helps
         | out quite a bit sometimes.
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | _> another customer of the SaaS supplier somehow could see
           | the traffic on my customer 's SaaS instance_
           | 
           | Is this common?
        
             | cess11 wrote:
             | I'm not sure, but it definitely shouldn't be.
             | 
             | It was surprising in a way I don't hesitate to call bad,
             | but this supplier is an enterprise style organisation so of
             | course they've only ranted at me and don't plan to alter
             | their infrastructure.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | It's probably more that a lot of people have been convinced
         | that they need a VPN, but they don't. There are use cases, like
         | I trust Mullvad more than I trust some random hotels WiFi. When
         | traveling it can provide a slightly higher base layer of trust.
         | 
         | If you live in a country that restricts your internet access,
         | which to be fair is most these days, a VPN can help. Most of us
         | just don't care about those restrictions or they are more
         | easily circumvented using a 3rd. party DNS. Also if you're in
         | country like Iran or Russia, you really need to trust your VPN
         | provider and strange corporate structures and staff sharing
         | really isn't helping in that respect.
         | 
         | For the average person, no you don't need a VPN. You might need
         | one for a few days or week per year, if you travel and need to
         | access your bank or corporate infrastructure (in that case your
         | employer most likely have their own VPN). VPNs are a niche
         | business, but online influencers have convinced a lot of people
         | that they need a VPN for everything, which simply isn't the
         | case for the vast majority of us.
        
           | haskellshill wrote:
           | > I trust Mullvad more than I trust some random hotels WiFi
           | 
           | For what exactly? All sites are HTTPS now anyway, so the only
           | thing you're leaking is the hostnames / IPs you visit. I
           | don't exactly see how the whole "hotel WIFI" thing is
           | relevant at all, except as a dishonest marketing strategy by
           | VPN salesmen
        
             | Citizen8396 wrote:
             | ...and the IPs you connect from, which tend to correlate
             | with where you live, work, and so on.
        
               | haskellshill wrote:
               | You connect to hotel WIFI from home and work?
        
               | Citizen8396 wrote:
               | I plead the fifth.
        
         | kelvinjps10 wrote:
         | Why torrentingn Linux isos?
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | It's the classic "legal" use for torrenting, as many Linux
           | orgs send users to torrents for updates.
           | 
           | If someone also accidentally downloads a TB of movies and
           | music on the way to the latest Mint upgrade, oops.
        
       | zer0tonin wrote:
       | I have to admit that discovering that ProtonVPN was actually just
       | owned by Proton Technologies feels underwhelming.
        
         | ashirviskas wrote:
         | Idk what's the official status, but it's Tesonet.
         | 
         | Some fake debunking in the comments of this thread that is
         | factually almost correct:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/ProtonVPN/comments/8ww4h2/protonvpn...
         | 
         | EDIT: ProtonVPN app was "accidentally" signet by Tesonet. How
         | do you think this could happen?
        
           | DyslexicAtheist wrote:
           | thanks, this reddit thread doesn't inspire confidence in
           | proton's story :/ at all
        
           | jibcage wrote:
           | It's not Tesonet, Proton is wholly self-owned and managed.
           | Proton VPN was briefly sharing employees with Tesonet during
           | initial app bringup, and that partnership is long over.
           | Naturally due to competition and the huge importance of
           | privacy in this space, people still bring this up, but Proton
           | VPN does not and never will sell or share your data with
           | anyone.
           | 
           | Source: I am a Proton VPN employee.
        
             | ashirviskas wrote:
             | So, why were the employees shared?
             | 
             | EDIT: I'm not saying being related to Tesonet is bad, but
             | it is a fact that you cannot run away from.
        
               | ivanmontillam wrote:
               | > _Proton VPN was briefly sharing employees with Tesonet
               | during initial app bringup_
               | 
               | I assume they needed the experience in how to run a VPN
               | company, so that initial partnership was needed.
        
               | dchftcs wrote:
               | But why would tesonet spend resources to help a
               | competitor to start? I'd be surprised if there wasn't at
               | least an equity deal.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | > But why would tesonet spend resources to help a
               | competitor to start?
               | 
               | I thought tesonet is venture / seed fund?
        
             | mdavid626 wrote:
             | What the hell is employee sharing?
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | It's when your director goes and tells you not to tell
               | anyone but to report to another building to another team
               | for a month or three, and help them with whatever they
               | ask, because you have a very specific set of skills. (In
               | this case, setting up VPN backend infra.)
        
           | class3shock wrote:
           | Proton's response in the thread:
           | 
           | Hi everybody, this is Andy here. I'm one of the original
           | researchers from CERN behind ProtonMail and ProtonVPN.
           | There's some false info out there about ProtonVPN, and these
           | stories were first fabricated by Private Internet Access, a
           | competitor who has been feeling pressure from ProtonVPN
           | lately.
           | 
           | The stories are false, but we have always been very open with
           | the community, so I would like to provide some background
           | anyways. As many of you know, Proton has many partners
           | (Radware, F5 Networks, Equinix, Radix, Farice, LeaseWeb,
           | Dell, Supermicro, etc). Tesonet Lithuania is indeed a partner
           | within our long list of partners, but it's a huge stretch to
           | claim ProtonVPN is run by Tesonet.
           | 
           | We first met Tesonet back in 2015 when they offered to
           | provide us with internet infrastructure (we received many
           | offers after the infamous 2015 DDoS attacks - we never bought
           | infrastructure from Tesonet). During this period, Google was
           | suppressing ProtonMail in search results, and we were
           | financially suffering. To address this challenge, we needed
           | to hire staff outside of Switzerland where costs are lower.
           | This is how our Skopje, Prague, and Vilnius offices got
           | started.
           | 
           | Prague happened because two of ProtonMail's early hires from
           | CERN were Czech. Skopje and Vilnius happened because we knew
           | local partners there (it would not have been possible to
           | source local candidates, handle HR and payroll, understand
           | local regulations, etc, without outside assistance). We
           | worked with Radix (Macedonia) and Tesonet (Lithuania) to
           | accomplish this. Tesonet in particular was selected since
           | they are one of Lithuania's largest tech companies (and we
           | already knew them).
           | 
           | While our early hires in both Vilnius and Skopje were always
           | working fully for Proton, they were formally employed by our
           | local partners because we did not have a local entity that
           | could employ them. In the early days of Proton, this was not
           | an uncommon arrangement since our team is spread across over
           | 10 countries.
           | 
           | In mid-2016, Google finally halted the suppression of
           | ProtonMail in search results and we experienced strong
           | growth. This gave us the resources to create our own
           | corporate entities in Macedonia and Lithuania, and we engaged
           | Radix and Tesonet to do this. We used the same legal address
           | and nominee directors as our local partners because we still
           | did not have our own office yet. For contractual reasons,
           | these moves took some time. For example, ProtonLabs Skopje,
           | our newest entity, only moved in November 2017.
           | 
           | For historical reasons, some connections to our past local
           | partners remain. Some of the IPs we use in ProtonVPN's global
           | network might be acquired or leased from Radix (we have
           | never, and do not currently use IPs from Tesonet - most IPs
           | are from LeaseWeb or are our own IPs). Similarly, the
           | ProtonVPN Android keystore mistakenly lists Tesonet as the
           | organization name, since our Android developer was at that
           | time formally employed through Tesonet. Due to the way the
           | Android Play store works, this keystore can unfortunately
           | never be changed, but it remains under our sole control.
           | 
           | The entities we use today in Skopje and Vilnius are both
           | subsidiaries of our corporate entities in Switzerland. While
           | we no longer employ team members through third parties
           | (except for in the United States where don't do direct
           | employment), we do continue to share expertise and work on
           | projects together with various partners. For example, our two
           | new Swiss datacenters are being built together with Radix in
           | order to share some of the fixed costs.
           | 
           | Going forward, we will need to continue working with partners
           | around the world as we grow (unless you're Google, you can't
           | do everything yourself). This is not the first time one of
           | our partnerships has been inaccurately portrayed (the other
           | incident is so ridiculous I'm not going to mention it here).
           | The truth however, is less interesting than the conspiracy
           | theories might have you believe.
           | 
           | --------
           | 
           | Further comments on the smear campaign against us:
           | The false allegations were originally spread by US-based VPN
           | provider, Private Internet Access (PIA), who also happens to
           | be a major competitor. We think it says a lot about them to
           | be engaged in shady marketing tactics.
           | ProtonVPN/ProtonMail does not, and has never used any IPs or
           | servers from Tesonet (this can be publicly verified)
           | Proton does not share any employees (or company directors)
           | with Tesonet. This is also a verifiable fact.
           | Proton has not used Tesonet for HR since 2016.
           | There is little actual evidence that Tesonet does data-mining
           | (in any case we have never used infrastructure from them).
           | Proton has many suppliers (Dell, Juniper, Radware, etc). If
           | you dig enough, you can find dirt on all of them and create a
           | false narrative. We do business with other tech companies -
           | this is not a secret or abnormal.
           | 
           | We're not surprised to be attacked given how shady the VPN
           | industry is. If anything, it indicates to us that we are
           | doing something right.
        
             | keyspawner wrote:
             | I love Proton's stuff and use all their products -- maybe
             | I'm just being paranoid, but even though the explanation
             | makes sense, I still wonder about those old connections.
             | Would be nice to see more official proofs
        
             | supriyo-biswas wrote:
             | > The false allegations were originally spread by US-based
             | VPN provider, Private Internet Access (PIA)
             | 
             | While such comments may be okay in other forums, please
             | note that the HN guidelines forbid such:
             | 
             | > Please don't post insinuations about astroturfing,
             | shilling, brigading, foreign agents, and the like. It
             | degrades discussion and is usually mistaken. If you're
             | worried about abuse, email hn@ycombinator.com and we'll
             | look at the data.
        
             | domenbukovac wrote:
             | > Due to the way the Android Play store works, this
             | keystore can unfortunately never be changed, but it remains
             | under our sole control.
             | 
             | Out of curiosity, why not release the new version as a
             | separate app under a new package name. I realise that's not
             | an ideal solution since it would mean starting fresh with
             | installs and reviews, but it could allow you to move
             | forward without being locked into the old key.
        
             | oefrha wrote:
             | > it would not have been possible to source local
             | candidates, handle HR and payroll, understand local
             | regulations, etc, without outside assistance
             | 
             | I have no dog in this fight, but I agree with the "smear
             | campaign" that this is 100% bullshit. I work for a fully
             | remote company with employees from all over the world,
             | including Eastern Europe, and we didn't need to partner
             | with any local company, let alone a competitor. Plus even
             | if we need local HR assistance there are plenty of
             | global/local HR services to choose from that focus on HR,
             | no "employee sharing" needed.
             | 
             | I don't know if any other claims are false, but this kind
             | of bullshit obvious to anyone who has been in a similar
             | position undermines everything else they claim. Plus it was
             | never mentioned what these "local partners" get in return,
             | which seems to be the most interesting thing if there's no
             | secret ownership, which is the thing they set out to
             | debunk.
        
       | octo888 wrote:
       | Are we allowed to discuss (edit: if it's not too political?) if
       | Kape Technologies has any connections to Israeli security
       | services, given the nature of VPNs and given the amount of data
       | that can be trivially collected, and:
       | 
       | "Being from Israel, Teddy Sagi had connections with the Israeli
       | military intelligence sphere and was able to procure himself a
       | real-life cyber spy [his co-founder] from the famed Unit 8200
       | (kinda like Israel's version of the NSA)" [0]
       | 
       | ?
       | 
       | [0] https://windscribe.com/blog/what-is-kape-technologies/
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >Teddy Sagi had connections with the Israeli military
         | intelligence sphere
         | 
         | Does this mean much given that israel has mandatory military
         | service? Unlike in the US where you have to make a conscious
         | choice (eg. patriotism or desperation) to join the
         | CIA/NSA/military, that's not really the case in israel. "has
         | ties to unit 8200" might as well mean "has ties to
         | stanford/MIT/caltech" or "has ties to big tech".
        
           | sporkxrocket wrote:
           | Unit 8200 is a cyberwarfare and spy unit. They were
           | responsible for the Lebanon pager supply chain terror attack.
           | I definitely want to know if they are involved with any tech
           | I'm using so I can avoid it.
        
             | pfexec wrote:
             | > I definitely want to know if they are involved with any
             | tech I'm using so I can avoid it
             | 
             | Are you going to stop using Linux because the NSA is a
             | major code contributor?
             | 
             | Huawei is too, and they were founded by a guy from the PLA.
        
               | jasonvorhe wrote:
               | this is not a helpful argument. this isn't about not
               | using Israeli OSS software but services that feed data
               | into the surveillance grid of quasi rogue state.
        
               | sobelabwhaman wrote:
               | Linux is not operated by NSA and is open for inspection.
               | Can you say the same about VPN services in question?
               | 
               | It would be naive to think Huawei is isn't influenced by
               | CCP, specially if it is found, by presumably someone from
               | PLA intelligence unit by your suggestion.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | I don't see how that addresses my point that enlistment is
             | mandatory in israel. You can make similar claims about
             | other israeli military units. If anything, given the
             | current war in Gaza whatever the other IDF branches/units
             | are doing are probably worse than hacking a few phones.
        
               | sporkxrocket wrote:
               | Unit 8200 is part of the IDF and contributing to those
               | war crimes. I as a consumer only need to consider my own
               | risk profile, not the politics of an entity that's
               | committing acts I consider to be terrorism.
        
             | tguvot wrote:
             | yes. they are involved in tech that you are using. they are
             | working in apple, google, microsoft, nvidia, intel, amd,
             | arm, qualcomm, cisco, etc that have presence in Israel and
             | even expand it.
             | 
             | https://www.timesofisrael.com/nvidia-plans-to-boost-
             | presence...
        
               | sporkxrocket wrote:
               | Talking about the breath of which Israel has compromised
               | our technology is actually helping to make my point.
               | They're operating a comprehensive surveillance network
               | and have the ability to literally plant explosives in our
               | consumer devices.
        
               | tguvot wrote:
               | yeap. they are watching you right now. your toaster oven
               | isn't as innocent as it appears
        
               | sporkxrocket wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Lebanon_electronic_dev
               | ice...
               | 
               | > _the attack killed 42 people, including 12 civilians,
               | and injured 4,000 civilians_
        
               | tguvot wrote:
               | toaster oven records everything that you post and reports
               | it back. also plants placed by 8200 engineers in your
               | laptop hardware and software
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | If I was running an intelligence agency and was given my
           | choice of conscripts,
           | 
           | I wouldn't hand my intelligence secrets to people who
           | resented being forced to be there; or to mouthy people I
           | thought might blab about it after the end of their service;
           | or to people with an anti-authority streak or at risk of a
           | Snowden-style attack of conscience about civil liberties.
           | 
           | I would select for people with a deep love of their country;
           | and a sense of loyalty that would extend well beyond the end
           | of their service. The rest I'd send elsewhere - plenty of
           | other units need tech folks, that drone/radio/printer isn't
           | going to fix itself.
        
             | black3r wrote:
             | On the other hand, if as an aspiring software engineer I
             | was forced to do military service and had the option to do
             | it as part of a military cybersecurity unit, I'd pick that
             | over running around with weapons without blinking an eye.
        
           | lmm wrote:
           | > Does this mean much given that israel has mandatory
           | military service?
           | 
           | Yes. Mandatory military service is still military service.
           | It's still following government orders at an impressionable
           | age in a culture that deliberately inculcates a mentality of
           | following orders even when they go against your every human
           | instinct. It still means working for an organisation that
           | knows its job is killing people, even if you're not the one
           | pulling the trigger yourself. And Israeli military
           | intelligence specifically has a long history of keeping
           | supposedly retired civilians on as sleeper agents who
           | infiltrate supposedly neutral companies.
           | 
           | (Does that mean this guy specifically is definitely one of
           | them? Of course not. But to anyone with reason to be using a
           | VPN at all it's probably too much of a risk)
        
         | Hikikomori wrote:
         | Israeli crypto ag
        
         | dagaci wrote:
         | I liked Express VPN
        
         | TZubiri wrote:
         | I think VPNs are one of the clearest cases of tech/politics
         | intersection, it's not just OT for tech but also for hacker
         | culture.
         | 
         | What do you think @dang ?
        
         | Illniyar wrote:
         | Unit 8200 is the premier software development track in the
         | Israeli military.
         | 
         | Every Israeli tech company likely has multiple developers from
         | Unit 8200 in it. Whether it's building e-commerce shops or
         | making video games.
         | 
         | While 8200 definitely falls under the military intelligence
         | wing, I don't think describing people in it as Cyber Spies is
         | anywhere near accurate. And unless that guy was very high
         | ranking it is a stretch to imply that's an indication that IL
         | military intelligence is involved in the company.
         | 
         | That is not to say that the military isn't involved with the
         | company - that might very well be true, just that someone being
         | from Unit 8200 isn't an indication of it.
        
           | jojobas wrote:
           | Makes perfect cover though? "He was only a conscript changing
           | printer cartridges"
        
             | true_religion wrote:
             | People who don't live in countries with mandatory
             | conscription for all don't really understand: everyone is
             | connected to the military but it means nothing.
             | 
             | Judging an Israeli citizen on their IDF ties is like
             | judging a US citizen on the fact that they went to public
             | school.
        
               | close04 wrote:
               | It doesn't matter if it's accurate or not, such
               | judgements are made by most people every day. Someone who
               | was professionally formed somewhere has a higher
               | probability of ties to them later on. Being intelligence
               | services this might be even more true.
               | 
               | In today's political climate where people around the
               | world see Israel judging (and sentencing, and carrying
               | out the punishment) every Palestinian as terrorists, I
               | think this wide brush of judging Israelis on their ties
               | with the IDF is probably widely accepted as "only fair".
               | When it comes to Unit 8200 the implications are even
               | stronger.
               | 
               | But I don't get the US public school system reference.
               | You have to start with a baseline and if you see a
               | private Ivy League school on someone's CV and a random
               | public school on someone else's I'm sure you'll probably
               | make the obvious assumption about which one is better,
               | even if sometimes the obvious is wrong.
        
               | mnw21cam wrote:
               | According to google, 87% of Americans go to a state-
               | funded school, so yes judging an American based on the
               | fact that they could afford to be in the top 13% and go
               | to a public school instead is legitimate. This doesn't
               | seem to match what you're trying to say.
        
               | rmccue wrote:
               | You're using the British definition of "public school"
               | here, which is a "private school" in the US. US public
               | schools are equivalent to UK state schools, in that both
               | are run by the state.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > everyone is connected to the military but it means
               | nothing.
               | 
               | No, people who live in _tiny_ countries with mandatory
               | conscription don 't really understand that it means that
               | their entire country is militarized. It's not surprising
               | that fish can't see water.
               | 
               | > is like judging a US citizen on the fact that they went
               | to public school.
               | 
               | It's exactly like that. If public school in the US
               | trained people to kill and spy, it would be entirely safe
               | to assume that the US was full of killer spies. For
               | example, if you know that US public school taught a view
               | of world history that was distorted in particular ways,
               | and had very little emphasis in foreign languages, it
               | would be safe to assume that Americans have a distorted
               | view of the world, and largely don't speak foreign
               | languages.
               | 
               | I don't know, this seems basic to me.
        
             | LMYahooTFY wrote:
             | Cover to do what? Insert malicious code and hope no one
             | else notices? Or coerce everyone in the company to look the
             | other way?
             | 
             | If an intelligence agency wants to compromise a service,
             | they have much more discreet, powerful, and deniable ways
             | to accomplish this.
        
         | class3shock wrote:
         | Kape was Crossrider which was linked to malware (per link)
         | 
         | https://cyberinsider.com/private-internet-access-kape-crossr...
        
         | LightBug1 wrote:
         | Just cancelled my Cyberghost subscription for exactly this
         | reason.
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | dang wrote:
           | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=45496427
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | NSA presumably?
        
       | tacker2000 wrote:
       | I tried Proton but their VPN wasnt as good as NordVPNs...
       | 
       | But if Nord is sketchy, what is the recommended one?
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | Depends on what you mean by "good".
         | 
         | Fast/low latency is to some extent diagrammatically opposed to
         | high quality privacy. The fastest route is always you to
         | source. The more hops/mixers/proxies/things you add the worse
         | the experience gets
        
         | zelphirkalt wrote:
         | You will have to be a lot more specific than "wasn't as good
         | as", to get a response that is helpful to you. What are you
         | looking for in a VPN provider?
        
           | tacker2000 wrote:
           | I wanted to watch some football world cup highlights video
           | from a japanese TV channel site, which didnt work with
           | Proton, but did with Nord, so I have been with them since
           | then.
           | 
           | This was during the 2022 WC though, so maybe Proton is better
           | nowadays.
        
             | eloisant wrote:
             | I think they got better, I'm watching geofenced Japanese
             | content all the time with Proton.
             | 
             | In the past I occasionally had to select a different server
             | from whatever it picks by default but I've always been able
             | to watch my content.
        
         | flexagoon wrote:
         | Mullvad, Proton, IVPN and sometimes Windscribe are generally
         | considered the most trusted
        
         | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
         | That's actually interesting. My yearly Proton subscription
         | ended several months ago and I tried both NordVPN and
         | ExpressVPN before switching back to Proton. The other two
         | options had limited server locations and I wasn't a fan of the
         | software/setup. There's also a weird shady vibe with how they
         | do their advertising compared to Proton, can't quite put my
         | finger on it though. Proton's software also seems to be more
         | intuitive (although a bit clunky).
        
       | brikym wrote:
       | Um, is it some intelligence agencies?
       | 
       | > ExpressVPN was founded in 2009 by Peter Burchhardt and Dan
       | Pomerantzwe who later sold it to British-Israeli security
       | software company Kape Technologies
       | 
       | Close enough.
        
       | nerdsniper wrote:
       | Note that all of these companies are also under the umbrella of
       | Tesonet, a Lithuanian VC firm also headed by Tomas Okmanas (Tom
       | Okman in TFA). Their flagship investments are Nord Security,
       | Hostinger, Oxylabs, Surfshark, Decodo, Mediatech, and nexos.ai -
       | all closely related business models around proxying.
       | 
       | They don't seem to have Russian ties: "In 2022, CyberCare opened
       | an office in Lviv, Ukraine. Although planning for the move
       | started before the war, according to Dainius Vanagas, CEO of
       | CyberCare, one of the reasons why it was followed through was a
       | desire to help Ukraine rebuild."[0]
       | 
       | They also donated money to help arm Ukraine.
       | 
       | 0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesonet
        
         | ashirviskas wrote:
         | Don't forget ProtonVPN links to Tesonet, which they're trying
         | hard to "debunk" (though no clue why, I have nothing against
         | Tesonet). They only shared employees and accidentally signed
         | apps with the same certificates, but are "totally unrelated".
         | Their PR people are already on this thread.
         | 
         | If they didn't try so hard to fight it, people might care less.
        
           | rasengan wrote:
           | Back when I was running PIA, they threatened me a significant
           | amount just for pointing these facts out.
           | 
           | Now that I launched a verifiable VPN, they are once again
           | sending legal threats [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://vp.net/l/en-US/blog/Verified-Privacy-vs-Trust
        
             | getcrunk wrote:
             | So did you sell pia? Why won't you sell your next venture ?
        
               | rasengan wrote:
               | I did not sell PIA. I entered into a merger agreement to
               | create a publicly owned privacy company. Without getting
               | into detail, I left the company on principle receiving
               | only 1/3rd of the value for the shares.
        
               | getcrunk wrote:
               | Btw I used to love pia, I think I'll check your new one
               | out!
        
               | causality0 wrote:
               | Used to love? What changed? PIA hasn't always had the
               | best performance but they are on the list of VPNs who
               | were subpoenaed and had no data to give the court.
        
               | MezzoDelCammin wrote:
               | my $.02 : I tried them, but found their "we support
               | Wireguard" a bit misleading. They only did so via their
               | app. No way to get a stable configuration for a router
               | (other than run a python script to get one from the app,
               | without any guarantee how long is that config valid for).
        
               | qmr wrote:
               | Why?
        
               | nerdsniper wrote:
               | "Without getting into detail"
        
             | class3shock wrote:
             | The same PIA which is now part of Kape Technologies which
             | under its former name of Crossrider was known for malware?
             | 
             | https://cyberinsider.com/private-internet-access-kape-
             | crossr...
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | If you cant trust VPNs sold to dodgy Israeli spyware
               | firms who can you trust?
        
             | commandersaki wrote:
             | Freenode, never forget.
        
             | perks_12 wrote:
             | what makes your vpn verifiable? can i verify you run
             | specific oss on your servers? secure enclave is just
             | management's idea of implementing crypto. everyone out here
             | knows that it is highly flawed and intel with their
             | management engine bullshit can't be trusted at all.
        
               | rasengan wrote:
               | You might find this helpful:
               | https://youtu.be/sz7NAe0G1_Y?si=focPEWli8xv7NCDi
               | 
               | Re verifiability: the point isn't trust us, it's that you
               | don't have to.
               | 
               | We built it so anyone can independently confirm what's
               | running.
               | 
               | 1. All server and client code is published.
               | 
               | 2. Builds are reproducible.
               | 
               | 3. Each node provides cryptographic attestations of its
               | runtime and routing identity.
               | 
               | 4. Enclaves are used for verifiable isolation.
               | 
               | You can peruse the code yourself to see exactly why the
               | transparency we bring makes legacy "trust based" VPNs
               | obsolete: https://github.com/vpdotnet/vpnetd-sgx
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | It looks like this boils down to 'check the magic number
               | in the code against the magic number our server gives
               | you. It matches!!!'
               | 
               | Is there some indication the user has that your server
               | isn't simply hard coded to return the right magic number?
               | I don't understand how this provides any assurance of
               | anything.
        
               | MagicalTux wrote:
               | The SGX certificate is signed by intel and includes a
               | certification of the hash of the code loaded in the
               | secure enclave ("MRENCLAVE").
               | 
               | When the client connects to the server, the server
               | presents a tls certificate that includes an attestation
               | (with OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.105.1) which certifies a number
               | of things:
               | 
               | - the TLS certificate's own public key (to make sure the
               | connection is secure) - The enclave hash
               | 
               | It is signed by Intel with a chain of custody going to
               | intel's CA root. It's not "just a magic number" but "a
               | magic number certified by Intel", of course it's up to
               | you to choose to trust Intel or not, but it goes a much
               | longer way than any other VPN.
        
             | philipwhiuk wrote:
             | Ah yes, the King of Joseon Cybernation is a trustworthy
             | source.
        
             | freehorse wrote:
             | There is no mention of proton whatsoever, even more sending
             | legal threats to your vpn, in the link though?
        
           | InsideOutSanta wrote:
           | "Links to" is doing a lot of work in that sentence. ProtonVPN
           | is owned by Proton, which has no legal ownership ties with
           | Tesonet. During Proton's expansion into Eastern Europe,
           | Tesonet initially assisted Proton with HR, payroll, and local
           | regulation, so for a period of time, people working for
           | Proton were employed by Tesonet, since Proton had no local
           | subsidiary that could hire them. These were not "shared
           | employees", they worked exclusively for Proton.
           | 
           | In 2016, Proton created its own subsidiary, and these people
           | are now employed by Proton. But for this historical reason,
           | the ProtonVPN keystore on Android still lists Tesonet as the
           | organization name, even though it is fully controlled by
           | Proton.
           | 
           | None of this is "debunking"; these are just the facts. You
           | can make of them what you will, but you should be honest
           | about what actually happened when you talk about it.
        
             | bonaldi wrote:
             | > Tesonet initially assisted Proton with HR, payroll, and
             | local regulation
             | 
             | Entirely normal behaviour for a competitor to provide "HR
             | assistance".
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | I've been part of a European startup that added offices
               | in Asia and the US, and we initially always partnered
               | with local companies to do this. It's mutually
               | beneficial. It allowed us to grow more quickly, and it
               | allowed them to make relatively easy money (and, in our
               | case, to dump some of their shittier employees on us
               | without us knowing).
               | 
               | In Proton's case, they already knew each other because
               | Tesonet had previously offered to provide infrastructure
               | during a DDoS attack against Proton.
               | 
               | So maybe it's a conspiracy, or maybe it's just how things
               | go. You can make up your own mind, but you should provide
               | the facts when you make sinister insinuations.
        
               | danw1979 wrote:
               | You know an awful lot of detail about the inner workings
               | of two separate private companies though.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | LOL, now I'm part of the conspiracy. This is all public
               | knowledge.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | Then you could provide sources, please?
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Here you go: https://www.reddit.com/r/ProtonVPN/comments/
               | 8ww4h2/protonvpn...
               | 
               | Here's the Handelsregisterauszug for Proton, which shows
               | ownership: https://www.zefix.admin.ch/en/search/entity/li
               | st/firm/118926...
               | 
               | Proton's peering relationships:
               | https://bgp.tools/as/62371#asinfo
               | 
               | I'm not sure what exactly you're looking for.
        
               | steve1977 wrote:
               | > Here's the Handelsregisterauszug for Proton, which
               | shows ownership
               | 
               | It doesn't. It's a joint-stock corporation and while the
               | shareholders are registered, the register is not public.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Proton discloses shareholder information here:
               | https://proton.me/support/who-owns-protonmail
               | 
               | But I guess they could be lying.
        
               | ddtaylor wrote:
               | Them providing information isn't the same as publicly
               | verifiable information.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Is it really that shocking that someone on HN would have
               | worked at as many as _2_ private companies?
        
               | IAmBroom wrote:
               | Nor is it shocking that a company with a PR issue would
               | be astroturfing our forum.
               | 
               | The point is: we don't know.
        
             | rasengan wrote:
             | > so for a period of time, people working for Proton were
             | employed by Tesonet, since Proton had no local subsidiary
             | that could hire them. These were not "shared employees",
             | they worked exclusively for Proton. In 2016, Proton created
             | its own subsidiary, and these people are now employed by
             | Proton. But for this historical reason, the ProtonVPN
             | keystore on Android still lists Tesonet as the organization
             | name, even though it is fully controlled by Proton.
             | 
             | So either:
             | 
             | 1. Tesonet/Nord are loose with their private keys.
             | 
             | 2. Proton isn't being truthful.
             | 
             | Anyone who understands crypto and key management knows "not
             | your keys, not your _____."
             | 
             | If those staffers worked for Proton and not Nord, why did
             | they have Nord's key?
             | 
             | This level of negligence with private key management really
             | can't be explained away.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | Proton explains this here:
               | 
               | https://redlib.catsarch.com/r/ProtonVPN/comments/8ww4h2/p
               | rot...
               | 
               | I suppose you're free not to believe them, but I'm unsure
               | what exactly you believe is happening here and what
               | exactly Proton is lying about. Tesonet secretly owns them
               | and has been running a decades-long misinformation
               | campaign to trick you into thinking they don't? To what
               | end? It's not like Tesonet is some nefarious company we
               | should all be afraid of. What would they gain from lying
               | about this if it were true?
               | 
               | And how can they make such an obvious mistake with their
               | certs and then not make another one for the next decade?
               | It's just not plausible.
               | 
               | At some point, you've gotta use some common sense.
        
               | rasengan wrote:
               | My comment still applies regardless of any level of
               | "explaining" [1]:
               | 
               | 1. Either Nord/Teso are loose with keys (horrible)
               | 
               | Or
               | 
               | 2. Proton isn't being truthful.
               | 
               | I don't think it's a conspiracy or anything that it is
               | Tesonet/Nord. Rather, the problem is you cannot trust
               | someone with your privacy if they can't even manage their
               | own keys.
               | 
               | [1] The explanation is poor at best and doesn't explain
               | why they worked so hard to try to delete all of the
               | evidence (all of which was archived already).
               | Additionally, nothing can explain away the lack of
               | security with key management across these two orgs.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | The people who couldn't handle their keys were at Nord.
               | The people you trust are at Proton.
               | 
               |  _> worked so hard to try to delete all of the evidence_
               | 
               | The cert is still there. Apparently, they didn't work
               | nearly hard enough.
        
               | rasengan wrote:
               | They worked pretty hard as detailed in an archived
               | article changing names and any records they could [1],
               | but you're right - not good enough [2].
               | 
               | As pointed out on this reddit post [3], Proton's appears
               | to contradict itself a number of times.
               | 
               | It's a good thing trust based VPN's are obsolete. After
               | all, trust isn't constant [4] as seen in this article
               | showing how Proton supplied IP addresses to
               | "authorities."
               | 
               | [1] https://archive.ph/wG8t8
               | 
               | [2] https://archive.ph/4bzBm
               | 
               | [3] https://www.reddit.com/r/technology/comments/8x9aik/p
               | rotonvp...
               | 
               | [4] https://techcrunch.com/2021/09/06/protonmail-logged-
               | ip-addre...
        
             | ddtaylor wrote:
             | Did they sign things with the wrong keys?
        
           | 3abiton wrote:
           | The streisend effect. Although, personally I am interested in
           | this topic, as everyone using these VPNs is one ToU change
           | away from being data mined at all time.
        
           | haskellshill wrote:
           | Proton are pretty shady. The Radware ties, the blocking of
           | two journalists, etc. etc.
        
             | mapontosevenths wrote:
             | For anyone else who wondered what the radware thing was.
             | 
             | https://proton.me/support/protonmail-israel-radware
        
         | wraptile wrote:
         | I used to work at Tesonet (as software engineer) and I'm not
         | familiar with corporate politics / ownerships but they're
         | lovely people that would 100% walk out if there were some real
         | Russian ties involved.
         | 
         | Lithuania is a really small country and IT has been a huge
         | economic strategy since early 00s as a way to become
         | economically independent specifically because of Russia and it
         | worked out really well.
        
           | nerdsniper wrote:
           | I have a good friend from Lithuania, who has told me so many
           | amazing/wonderful/superlative things about the country he
           | grew up in and loves very dearly, as well as its people. I
           | can't wait to visit someday. Unfortunately, he only has
           | Russian and American citizenship, so he can't purchase real
           | estate there currently, but luckily most of Lithuania's
           | restrictions have been very common-sense (applying only to
           | people who frequently travel between Russia and Lithuania).
           | 
           | From what I can tell, Tesonet seems like a very patriotic
           | group (as much as a corporation can be personified at all),
           | and genuinely puts resources, both human and financial,
           | towards raising up the local communities.
           | 
           | It's interesting to me that Tesonet has concentrated the most
           | popular VPNs under one roof and is involved in so many
           | companies that could be described as "dual-use" (white
           | hat/black hat) such as residential/mobile proxies, ai-powered
           | scraping, etc. It tells me that Tesonet has a very sharp
           | understanding of gray-hat landscapes. It does seem like their
           | portfolio could be leveraged as a valuable asset to any
           | powerful interest, regardless if they are benevolent or
           | malicious or misguided.
           | 
           | I mentioned Tesonet's stance towards Ukraine because
           | Lithuania has a number of wealthy ex-soviet/Russian citizens
           | and business-owners with differing politics, and wanted to
           | clarify that for any readers who might wonder.
           | 
           | Additionally, I've always been very impressed with Estonia's
           | digital infrastructure and Ukrainian software engineering -
           | not just JetBrains but also other vendors that I've worked
           | with personally. Seems like there are a lot of highly skilled
           | people concentrated in your region.
        
             | crossroadsguy wrote:
             | I couldn't really get that segue from Lithuania to Estonia.
             | Did you mean to type "Lithuania" in the last paragraph as
             | well?
             | 
             | Here..
             | 
             | > Additionally, I've always been very impressed with
             | Estonia's ...
             | 
             | Before that you were talking about Lithuania exclusively.
             | 
             | And then:
             | 
             | > ... Estonia's digital infrastructure and Ukrainian
             | software engineering - not just JetBrains ...
             | 
             | I think it was founded in CZ and is now HQed in NL. Right?
             | 
             | A typo? Or there's some relation between the two countries
             | and whether JetBrains has some history with these two that
             | is missing here?
             | 
             | (I am not trying to nitpick, really interested in knowing
             | whether there's some angle/twist here, since the post
             | itself is about hidden connections and what not).
        
               | eszed wrote:
               | They're neighboring small countries with similar
               | (centuries' long) histories of tension with Russia, in
               | its various guises. They're often considered _en bloc_ :
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_states
        
               | nerdsniper wrote:
               | > (I am not trying to nitpick, really interested in
               | knowing whether there's some angle/twist here, since the
               | post itself is about hidden connections and what not).
               | 
               | Honestly that shone through even from the first sentence.
               | 
               | I mentioned Estonia because Lithuania/Latvia/Estonia have
               | a bit of shared identity, kind of similar to
               | Sweden/Norway/Finland or USA/Canada.
               | 
               | > I think it was founded in CZ and is now HQed in NL.
               | Right?
               | 
               | Yes I was just wrong. I was convinced it was Ukrainian
               | for some reason.
               | 
               | I agree that the combination of those two points made my
               | post particularly confusing.
        
               | konart wrote:
               | JetBrains was russian (as in were most people initially
               | actually worked). They were smart enough (like any
               | business in russia not wanting to be trapped) to have
               | registration outside of the country.
               | 
               | Some part of management were in CZ. Most of the technical
               | team were in three buildings in St.Petersburg.
        
               | crossroadsguy wrote:
               | Wow. Didn't know. As an Android developer I find it
               | specially interesting. Not for any nefarious reasons, for
               | I so far believe that JetBrains is one of those companies
               | that has been a net positive on tech ecosystem in general
               | (touchwood!) -- be their dev tools or the Kotlin itself.
               | I also follow these people and tools, partly out of
               | professional needs/curiosities.
        
               | konart wrote:
               | FYI Kotlin language is named after
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlin_Island
        
               | crossroadsguy wrote:
               | Aha. I see that it was also called "Kotling". I guess
               | they missed this opportunity, or maybe KotLang, in which
               | case people would have started calling it just Kot.
               | 
               | Also the place seems to have quite a few rebellions under
               | its belt.
        
             | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
             | > most of Lithuania's restrictions have been very common-
             | sense (applying only to people who frequently travel
             | between Russia and Lithuania).
             | 
             | Common-sense like a complete ban for entering the country
             | for red passport holders.
             | 
             | Lithuania is a wonderful, beautiful country and I
             | understand the need to push the hardliner stance in the EU,
             | but their decisions during the conflict have been strictly
             | political, not in the slightest "common-sense".
        
               | MaxPock wrote:
               | Isn't Lithuanian passport red ? or the context here is
               | communism ?
        
               | ZoomZoomZoom wrote:
               | Turns out it's indeed red, but it's been green for a long
               | time.
               | 
               | Context here is Russian Federation.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | After seeing the front end and the tiniest bit of backend on
         | CrowdStrike and why they're in Ukraine... I wouldn't say any
         | company with offices there makes me feel at ease. It's not
         | better.
        
         | fy20 wrote:
         | Calling Tesonet a VC firm isn't really an accurate description
         | of their history. They started as an IT services company (which
         | they still do), then split out internal services into
         | effectively separate companies (e.g. CyberCare was originally
         | built to manage customer support for NordVPN).
         | 
         | Now they have got more money than they know what to do with so
         | are making VC investments.
        
         | moontear wrote:
         | "all of these companies" are you sure? Did you check the VPN
         | relationships diagram that is within the article? Tesonet is
         | listed and linked.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | I have absolutely no idea why Russian ties are supposed to be
         | more worrying than Ukrainian ties.
         | 
         | Ukrainian ties with government and tech in the US have been a
         | serious source of problems; our last President was haunted by
         | business ties with Ukraine; our current President was impeached
         | for refusing to sell weapons quickly enough to Ukraine; we
         | funded neo-Nazi groups in Ukraine in order to bring down its
         | elected government and replace it with a puppet government that
         | immediately set its sights on eradicating the Russian presence
         | from Ukraine; Crowdstrike, a company of Ukrainian origin, was
         | the company whose analysis was taken as gospel for the
         | Democratic Party email leaks, and that report was used to
         | market Russia into the greatest enemy the world has ever known,
         | creating an entirely fictional narrative now referred to as
         | Russiagate; and during this entire process the West and the US
         | have been sending palletloads of cash and weapons to Ukraine to
         | the tune of tens or hundreds of billions of dollars, and
         | becoming personally financially entangled with Ukrainian
         | oligarchs.
         | 
         | Why should I be worried if the Russians are eavesdropping on my
         | proxy again? They're not going to send it to anyone who cares
         | about what I'm doing, and they certainly don't care what I'm
         | doing. Ukraine is the most corrupt, poorest country in Europe,
         | completely tied up with US intelligence, and is "run" by a tv
         | actor.
        
           | verteu wrote:
           | Russiagate was not a "fictional narrative," as a cursory
           | amount of research will reveal.
           | 
           | > The Republican-led Senate Intelligence Committee
           | investigation released their report in five volumes between
           | July 2019 and August 2020. The committee concluded that the
           | intelligence community assessment alleging Russian
           | interference was "coherent and well-constructed", and that
           | the assessment was "proper", learning from analysts that
           | there was "no politically motivated pressure to reach
           | specific conclusions".[11][12] The report found that the
           | Russian government had engaged in an "extensive campaign" to
           | sabotage the election in favor of Trump, which included
           | assistance from some of Trump's own advisers.
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | Our last President was haunted by completely unverified
           | claims of business ties with Ukraine. Someone in UKR clearly
           | tried to buy influence via his son, but all the force of Fox
           | News and the GOP together couldn't produce one single sticky-
           | note worth of evidence tying it to any success.
           | 
           | Painting "armed invasion" as "Russian presence" is like
           | calling "stabbing someone in an alley" a "medical procedure".
           | 
           | We get it; you love Mother Russia.
        
       | dongcarl wrote:
       | We should really be moving towards a world of Multi-Party Relays
       | rather than Single-Party VPN operators:
       | https://www.privacyguides.org/articles/2024/11/17/where-are-...
       | 
       | With Multi-Party Relays you no longer have a trust a single
       | entity not being malicious or compromised.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: I run obscura.net, which does exactly this with
       | Mullvad (our partner) as the Exit Hop.
        
         | sporkxrocket wrote:
         | Can you control the geography of the exit node? I really like
         | Private Relay but it doesn't get around geo restrictions
         | because the IP is still in the same country you are.
        
           | dongcarl wrote:
           | Yes, you can with Obscura. That limitation of Private Relay
           | is just an arbitrary limitation made by Apple.
        
             | anticensor wrote:
             | And so by design.
        
         | FlynnLivesMattr wrote:
         | Hey Carl! This is the first I'm hearing of Obscura. After doing
         | a deep dive into your product, it looks to be a very
         | fascinating privacy tool. However, I'm concerned with your
         | operating under US jurisdiction, as detailed by others here:
         | 
         | https://discuss.grapheneos.org/d/20059-obscura-vpn-and-mullv...
         | 
         | While I understand potentially not wanting to incorporate in
         | the EU (with Chat Control on the horizon) nor Switzerland (due
         | to their own non-EU-related privacy backslide), why still
         | select the US, which historically other privacy tools have
         | largely avoided? It feels like you're already shooting yourself
         | in the foot, whereas you'd be good in the EU should Chat
         | Control not pass. While it's great that you verifiably can't
         | see a user's internet traffic, you're one US court order away
         | from a forced compromising of the service for a user (or at
         | least, giving up the connecting IP). Historically, EU court
         | orders have been easier and more transparently fought by
         | privacy tools.
         | 
         | Non sequitur, it would be great if you prioritized accepting
         | Monero as payment, like your exit hop Mullvad. Also, how much
         | control do we have over the features Mullvad offers (e.g.
         | DAITA, quantum resistance, DNS filters, IPv6, integration with
         | Mullvad Browser)?
        
           | dongcarl wrote:
           | > should Chat Control not pass
           | 
           | Unfortunately in the world we live in no single jurisdiction
           | is good enough anymore, laws can always change and Chat
           | Control can be re-proposed over and over again.
           | 
           | Luckily, an MPR like Obscura with hops across different
           | jurisdictions (Obscura in US, and Mullvad in EU) give you a
           | much better scenario than just being in one jurisdiction.
           | 
           | > it would be great if you prioritized accepting Monero as
           | payment
           | 
           | Definitely prioritized, one of our engineers is working on it
           | right now.
           | 
           | > Also, how much control do we have over the features Mullvad
           | offers (e.g. DAITA, quantum resistance, DNS filters, IPv6,
           | integration with Mullvad Browser)?
           | 
           | We're limited by the Partner API that Mullvad offers right
           | now, but we'll be looking into many of these soon. For
           | example, we're implementing DNS filtering as we speak!
        
         | Thystler wrote:
         | Hey,
         | 
         | This is is what i wrote my master thesis on. I ended up not
         | turning it into something proper. Thank you! i love that you
         | did this!
         | 
         | Its awesome! OMG good job!
        
           | dongcarl wrote:
           | Ah that's excellent! Do you have a link to the thesis?
        
         | thenthenthen wrote:
         | Does obscura work in China? Doe you have a free tier option for
         | me to test?
        
           | dongcarl wrote:
           | We've had many reports that it works. In fact, one of our
           | users told us he took an hour video call over Obscura in
           | China and things worked smoothly!
           | 
           | Unfortunately, because we don't identify users we cannot
           | offer a free tier (since that would allow anyone to use it
           | freely indefinitely).
           | 
           | However, you can always just top-up for 1 month to see how it
           | works for you! Would love to hear your experience.
        
         | mcdonje wrote:
         | Hypothetically, could tor switch to using QUIC?
        
           | dongcarl wrote:
           | You could probably implement a pluggable transport for it?
        
       | gregorvand wrote:
       | Handy that while connected via ExpressVPN, this is blocked
        
         | zImPatrick wrote:
         | what server are you connected to? Switzerland works just fine
         | for me
        
           | gregorvand wrote:
           | it was one of the UK servers
        
       | aussieguy1234 wrote:
       | Why you probably don't need a VPN:
       | https://stevesrantsnraves.blogspot.com/2024/09/why-you-proba...
        
       | cchance wrote:
       | Mullvad nuff said
        
         | kovrik wrote:
         | They don't support port forwarding anymore though.
        
       | codazoda wrote:
       | If you're worried about your VPN provider but you can trust your
       | VPS provider, try an SSH Tunnel.
       | 
       | https://joeldare.com/ssh-tunnels-my-vpn-alternative-for-priv...
        
         | Theodores wrote:
         | Thanks for the link. How does this work on the server side? It
         | gets packets on 8080 and then what? The article needs to
         | explain the server config, even if it is just how to install
         | ssh-server.
         | 
         | I have tried setting up OpenVPN on my own VPS and I didn't get
         | very far with it. I have also had to use OpenVPN in the day job
         | and I much prefer just using ssh without some extravagant
         | OpenVPN layer.
         | 
         | My experience of failing to configure a VPN of my own
         | (primarily for testing GeoIP) led me to try a few VPNs and the
         | amount of junk adverts and whatnot made me wonder if it was
         | time to fdisk my computer and start over due to the virus-vibes
         | I was getting from a VPN. This was in the days before VPN
         | adverts on lame YouTube channels, so I presume the product has
         | improved since then.
         | 
         | In theory, someone smarter than me can rent a VPS and get
         | OpenVPN on there, or, better still, a remote desktop so that
         | only the screen image goes over the internet from the VPS to
         | the PC, X-Window style but better. This could be further
         | obfuscated by using 443 and one's own special ROT13
         | 'encryption'.
         | 
         | Presumably a skilled person that knows what they are doing
         | could get it all setup in an hour, to write concise
         | instructions that 'civilians' can work through in pretty much
         | the same time.
         | 
         | If you were highly invested in porn, watching Netflix in
         | foreign countries and with even worse stuff to hide, you would
         | think that some investment in getting a proper VPN with your
         | own VPS would be the way to go, but no. Cost isn't the problem
         | if you are deeply into something worth hiding, so why do so few
         | people roll their own VPN?
         | 
         | The reality is that the typical product is marketed with FUD
         | and the goal is to turn you into a 'sleeping giant'. A
         | 'sleeping giant' is a customer that has a standing order or
         | other payment arrangement that is for a service that is not
         | used, and for that to not be noticed on bank statements.
         | Everyone wants you to be a 'sleeping giant', including some
         | 'worthy' charities, dating websites and every software
         | subscription service. They aren't using FUD marketing though.
         | 
         | The commercial VPNs have mastered the art of selling a product
         | that deserves technical knowledge to understand to the masses,
         | so you have got to respect the hustle.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | VPS's that you can easily spin up for an hour or two tend to
           | charge $$$$ for egress bandwidth, which makes them an
           | unattractive option for streaming video over.
        
           | flexagoon wrote:
           | There are very simple options to selfhost a VPN nowadays. For
           | example, Amnezia allows you to just type your server ssh
           | credentials into their mobile app, and it will automatically
           | set up AmneziaWG on your server and add it to the app. You
           | can then create Amnezia or plain WireGuard config files from
           | extra devices right from there.
        
             | harvey9 wrote:
             | That sounds like I'm putting a lot of trust in an app. Also
             | giving it control over my server, which I guess is not a
             | big deal if the server is a disposable VPS
        
               | flexagoon wrote:
               | It's all open source though, so you can verify the
               | scripts it's using, which are all here
               | 
               | https://github.com/amnezia-vpn/amnezia-
               | client/tree/dev/clien...
               | 
               | But even without that, there are solutions like wg-easy
               | that let you spin up a WireGuard server with a single
               | Docker container
        
           | sciencejerk wrote:
           | I too recently tried to set up OpenVPN on a VPS and it was a
           | huge pain in the @ss, even while following a (very long)
           | tutorial. If I figure out an easier way to do this I'll
           | message you in this thread
        
             | CaptainOfCoit wrote:
             | OpenVPN is just really complicated, which makes sense
             | because of the context and history. But even me who've done
             | plenty of OpenVPN setups through the years, found Wireguard
             | a lot simpler and easier to both learn and use effectively.
             | So if you haven't tried Wireguard, give it a go, the
             | simplicity is pretty nice.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Note: Wireguard is good because it's simple. It makes
               | point-to-point tunnels, it does that well, _and that 's
               | all it does_. You're on your own for the rest.
        
           | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
           | it's very easy to setup your own VPN on your own server. I'm
           | using AWS Lightsail because of virtually unlimited bandwidth
           | and the locations I like, but any VPS would work well. I used
           | to have my own scripts but I found this lately which is doing
           | this much better than what I was doing
           | https://github.com/angristan/wireguard-install
           | 
           | The only advantage of professional VPN is the ability to use
           | obfuscation, so to bypass VPN restrictions in countries like
           | Egypt or others.
        
             | Theodores wrote:
             | That is brilliant, many thanks for that and the Lightsail
             | suggestion. Now I just need a legitimate use case, which
             | will probably be a locked down origin server with even more
             | security than what I had before with ssh things.
        
         | idatum wrote:
         | This is the way: SOCKS5 via SSH
         | 
         | You do need some minimal technical understanding and some
         | scripting.
         | 
         | Pick any cloud provider that can give you a VM with SSH access.
         | 
         | Read up on doing this on your local device or another device on
         | your LAN:                   ssh -NT -g -D 10001 -o
         | UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o ConnectTimeout=5 -i
         | your_ssh_private_key your_cloud_login@any_cloud_provider_ip
         | 
         | Change 10001 to whatever.
         | 
         | Now read up on how your browser points to a SOCKS5 proxy. For
         | Firefox, I create a separate profile. For chromium based, I use
         | the command line.
         | 
         | You are now virtually located to whatever region you chose for
         | your VM.
         | 
         | I mentioned some scripting. It's simple enough that I have a
         | /bin/sh script to spin up the VM, set up the SSH SOCKS5 proxy,
         | launch the browser, then spin the VM down when the browser
         | exits.
        
           | praveen9920 wrote:
           | Major issue I faced in this method is the network egress
           | costs the cloud providers charge. I had to remind myself not
           | to accidentally land on YouTube or some other video streaming
           | sites.
           | 
           | Are there any cloud providers who don't charge for network
           | egress?
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Many! OVH has unmetered plans, for example.
        
             | CaptainOfCoit wrote:
             | > Major issue I faced in this method
             | 
             | Biggest issue regular user might find with this is that
             | basically all the VPS host' IP ranges are known, and plenty
             | of websites give you a different (worse) experience
             | compared to when using residential addresses, or straight
             | up block you.
             | 
             | Personally I found the hassle to great, compared to using
             | existing VPN services.
        
               | giobox wrote:
               | Exact same experience here. In the 2010s I ran my own VPN
               | exit node on a dirt cheap VPS so I could access streaming
               | content in my country of birth. Worked great for years,
               | but nowadays so many sites simply block non-residential
               | IP ranges that I gave up ages ago now.
               | 
               | It's a shame because deploying WireGuard was a simple two
               | command process: git checkout followed by a `docker
               | compose up -d` for me etc on a fresh VPS instance.
        
             | immibis wrote:
             | Yes, but search for "VPS" instead of "Cloud". "Cloud" is a
             | marketing buzzword used to make people pay 10x-500x more
             | than they have to. Although VPS providers are catching on,
             | and starting to label their VPS services as "cloud" now.
        
           | sofixa wrote:
           | Has anyone benchmarked this against running e.g. Wireguard
           | and how it is, performance wise? I'd expect Wireguard to be
           | faster, but don't really know.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > For Firefox, I create a separate profile.
           | 
           | Firefox supports per-container (and as such per-tab) SOCKS
           | proxies, which I find really useful.
           | 
           | So useful, in fact, that I've come full circle and I am now
           | running a userspace Wireguard to SOCKS proxy [1] in order to
           | have that convenience for a VPN which does not have any host
           | I could SSH to.
           | 
           | [1] https://github.com/whyvl/wireproxy
        
             | kawsper wrote:
             | If you're using Tailscale you can install it on your Apple
             | TV (if you also happen to have one of those devices).
             | 
             | Now you can use your home connection as a proxy through
             | wireguard when traveling.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Tailscale is great, but by itself is the wrong tool for
               | the task of routing traffic over some host only for a
               | single browser tab (but to all destinations for that
               | browser tab), as it seems to be "all or nothing" when it
               | comes to using a remote exit node.
               | 
               | It's probably possible to set up a local SOCKS proxy that
               | knows to use some Tailscale non-exit-node for egress, and
               | to manually allow that traffic within Tailscale and on
               | the remote node, but not out of the box as far as I can
               | tell.
               | 
               | Installing a SOCKS proxy on the remote node, reachable
               | only over Tailscale, would be an alternative, but that
               | doesn't work on an Apple TV.
        
         | kmarc wrote:
         | This, and FoxyProxy for domain-based proxy settings is my go to
         | when connecting to some websites (self-hosted bit
         | bucket/confluence, etc) behind Corp intranet boundaries.
        
         | vaylian wrote:
         | VPS tunnels have their place, but they have one major downside:
         | Your outward-facing IP address will (most likely) be static.
         | And because you are the only one using that VPS, it is easy to
         | link your internet activity across different sites. If you want
         | to use this method to protect your privacy, then you need to
         | frequently discard your VPS and pick a new one.
        
         | commandersaki wrote:
         | I like to use dsvpn: https://github.com/jedisct1/dsvpn
         | 
         | Seems to have triggered the netsec community on reddit though.
        
       | yegor wrote:
       | Ohh cool, we made that map (I'm from Windscribe). If you spot any
       | errors, let me know.
        
       | ComplexSystems wrote:
       | TL;DR: you shouldn't assume your data or activity is in any way
       | anonymous when using these services. These VPNs are useful for
       | changing your region for streaming and not much else. Otherwise,
       | the traffic being routed through these VPNs is basically much
       | more likely to involve "questionable" activity than ordinary
       | traffic - and when you send your traffic through it, you are
       | basically highlighting it as such - and all of this is well-known
       | and of extreme interest to anyone interested in snooping on or
       | analyzing such "questionable" activity.
        
       | dkga wrote:
       | I'm not a big expert on the VPN tech side, but it always seemed
       | to me that the most logical option for those that actually
       | understand about VPN is Proton, or am I missing something here?
        
         | SOLAR_FIELDS wrote:
         | Im a happy Proton user myself but if someone wanted the
         | absolute most secure and private and reputable VPN I would
         | point them to Mullvad. The main reason I use Proton is because
         | I use the other apps in their suite as well and I get the VPN
         | in the package deal. The threat model is good enough for my use
         | cases
        
           | 8cvor6j844qw_d6 wrote:
           | Mullvad doesn't support port forwarding [1] for users that
           | need it unlike proton vpn [2].
           | 
           | Although I have never needed it myself, which in that case
           | Mullvad might be better since they require minimal
           | registration details.
           | 
           | [1]: https://mullvad.net/en/blog/removing-the-support-for-
           | forward...
           | 
           | [2]: https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding
        
             | cakealert wrote:
             | unless you have a specific use case where you need to run a
             | server through your vpn this isn't as much of a problem as
             | you think it is.
             | 
             | torrents for example have hole punching functionality built
             | into uTP where reachable peers help unreachable peers
             | connect to each other.
        
           | y-c-o-m-b wrote:
           | I am also a relatively happy proton user (now, but wasn't
           | always this way). I second this. Based off the site, it looks
           | like Mullvad passed a real world test too, Proton has not. I
           | haven't tried Mullvad in a couple of years, but they were
           | always reliable and fast. The only issue I had with Mullvad
           | was getting connected to enough peers when torrenting,
           | especially on older torrents where the pool of users is
           | small. Proton's port forwarding feature did noticeably help
           | with that. I do enjoy being able to pay a discounted yearly
           | subscription price with Proton and their user interface is
           | nice. There are some minor problems with split-tunneling in
           | Proton though, sometimes it doesn't work and I haven't
           | figured out why.
        
         | yegor wrote:
         | Company who's blog post this is ain't bad either if you're
         | looking for a non-ecosystem VPN. Proton is trying to be Nord
         | and create an ecosystem of products that store all your most
         | private data, all under the umbrella of 1 company which defeats
         | the whole point of a VPN who should have no data on you (not
         | even an email).
         | 
         | PS. I'm from the company who's blog post this is.
        
           | flexagoon wrote:
           | > Proton is trying to be Nord
           | 
           | I feel like it's Nord who's trying to be Proton but worse,
           | no? Nord had just the VPN until recently, unlike Proton which
           | was already trying to build an ecosystem (although they did
           | speed up the new product drops significantly in the past few
           | years). And unlike Nord, at least Proton actually has proper
           | zero-access encryption and stuff, and they seem to know what
           | they're talking about rather than just relying on influencer
           | marketing.
        
             | yegor wrote:
             | Proton used to have mail, they they launched a VPN. Then
             | cloud storage, then password manager, then docs + calendar,
             | then wallet, now also AI and MFA app. They're following
             | literally in Nord's footsteps, all Nord needs to do is
             | launch a mail service and the circle is complete.
             | 
             | Proton is doing influencer marketing now too btw. Parallels
             | are uncanny. All this while claiming to fight Google/big
             | tech, but essentially offering the same products that store
             | the same personal data.
        
               | Scrapemist wrote:
               | But it is not a US company.
        
         | davkan wrote:
         | The companies to trust are the ones that don't run ads. I've
         | used mullvad for a decade, before that airvpn.
        
           | kxrm wrote:
           | I was a Mullvad user but needed forwarded ports so went back
           | to AirVPN.
           | 
           | No issues so far.
        
       | 8cvor6j844qw_d6 wrote:
       | A long time ago, I have difficulty removing payment card
       | information from ExpressVPN.
       | 
       | Managed to contact support to remove it but they merely zeroed
       | out (it shows 0 for the visible fields) the card details rather
       | than truly removing payment information.
        
       | Ms-J wrote:
       | Can anyone give info on who owns Trust.Zone VPN? The company
       | saves all credentials and doesn't allow the user to generate
       | anything, such as Wireguard private keys. The service is very
       | likely logging everything, and already admits to logging
       | bandwidth, which is severe enough.
       | 
       | Wouldn't be surprised if this was a honeypot for logging Russian
       | internet users, as it appears to cater to Eastern users.
        
         | cess11 wrote:
         | They hide who they are. If you look at their privacy policy:
         | 
         | https://trust.zone/privacy
         | 
         | Then you'll notice that it does not tell you what entity they
         | are or where it is incorporated.
         | 
         | Elsewhere they claim to be incorporated as Trusted Solutions
         | Ltd in Mahe in the Seychelles.
         | 
         | https://trust.zone/tr/post/trust.zone-vpn-reviewed-by-the-to...
         | 
         | And this review claims they are an LLC.
         | 
         | https://thebestvpn.com/reviews/trust-zone/
         | 
         | But when I search for this name in the local registry I get no
         | results.
         | 
         | https://www.registry.gov.sc/BizRegistration/WebSearchBusines...
         | 
         | The Seychelles kind of belong to the 'non-aligned' group of
         | countries, and maintains decent relations with Russia, India,
         | China and so on. They also advocate for a diminished US
         | presence in the Indian Ocean. On the other hand, they're a
         | member of the british Commonwealth and only got independence in
         | 1976.
         | 
         | Trust.Zone sure looks fishy but I can't tell from this whether
         | they are surveillance for the UK, traffic to hide in for
         | russian authorities and cyber crime groups or something else
         | entirely. I'd avoid them unless I was already into grey or
         | directly criminal activities and already had layers of
         | protection and indirection in place.
        
           | Ms-J wrote:
           | The analysis is spot on.
           | 
           | What in particular concerns me is the lack of any type of
           | registration seemingly anywhere. I don't mind if a privacy
           | focused VPN said they don't register at all in any country
           | and stated the reasons as to why, but this company seems to
           | have lied.
           | 
           | "The Seychelles kind of belong to the 'non-aligned' group of
           | countries, and maintains decent relations with Russia, India,
           | China and so on. They also advocate for a diminished US
           | presence in the Indian Ocean. On the other hand, they're a
           | member of the british Commonwealth and only got independence
           | in 1976."
           | 
           | Seychelles is a great place to register for a privacy focused
           | service but I agree with you that being a member state of the
           | British commonwealth is concerning. Could you possibly
           | recommend any place that would be better to register such as
           | service?
           | 
           | "Trust.Zone sure looks fishy but I can't tell from this
           | whether they are surveillance for the UK, traffic to hide in
           | for russian authorities and cyber crime groups or something
           | else entirely. I'd avoid them unless I was already into grey
           | or directly criminal activities and already had layers of
           | protection and indirection in place."
           | 
           | It gives the worst vibes possible for a supposed security
           | service.
           | 
           | Trust.Zone offers a free trial which I signed up for to test
           | with a disposable VM. This is where I learned how they keep
           | user credentials and other major privacy issues, such as the
           | logging I mentioned in my last comment. The support also sent
           | a very questionable reply to a ticket where they wanted to do
           | screen sharing and run an arbitrary script on my server to
           | "diagnose" the issue.
        
       | mjbale116 wrote:
       | Can someone explain to me why should I use a VPN when Tor is out
       | there?
       | 
       | It just seems to me odd that one would pipe their communications
       | through a private company, that operates over a jurisdiction when
       | said jurisdiction can compel the company in actions that may
       | compromise my anonymity.
       | 
       | From my perspective, its like shifting my trust from my ISP (an
       | entity with way more oversight) to a pvt ltd.
       | 
       | Isn't Tor as safe as it can get when surfing the web?
        
         | kachapopopow wrote:
         | vpns are marketed as hiding you from less trustworthy companies
         | or accessing region locked content.
        
         | tsunagatta wrote:
         | From my understanding, they have different purposes. VPNs
         | aren't really about safety or anonymity, Tor is the way to go
         | for those. VPNs are for if you don't want your ISP specifically
         | to see your traffic for some reason, or if you want your
         | traffic to appear like it's coming from a different
         | geographical location with minimal latency hit.
         | 
         | Edit: I should say, VPNs as a _technology_ have far more
         | applications than this, e.g. for accessing a secure intranet,
         | but these are just the reasons you'd theoretically want to use
         | a VPN service like Nord /Mullvad/etc.
        
         | webstrand wrote:
         | VPNs are for when you want to obfuscate your traffic from your
         | ISP, not the government. By passing your traffic through a
         | private company _somewhere else_ to another private entity that
         | has some vested interest in not reselling your data, you can
         | prevent it from being easily mapped back to you.
         | 
         | Also VPN is generally much faster and higher bandwidth than
         | TOR.
        
         | 8cvor6j844qw_d6 wrote:
         | Tor is unbearably slow for daily general use.
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | _> [VPN] shifting my trust from my ISP (an entity with way more
         | oversight) to a pvt ltd_
         | 
         | Who do you trust when using Tor?
        
         | vivzkestrel wrote:
         | because i ll get added to a "hidden list" as soon as I even
         | attempt to download tor, let alone use it
        
         | goodpoint wrote:
         | If anything, Tor Browser is much safer.
        
       | tonetegeatinst wrote:
       | Glad to see more zero trust confidential computing
       | happening....but keep in mind its still vulnerable to attacks
       | like Battering RAM which can fully breaks cutting-edge Intel SGX
       | and AMD SEV-SNP confidential computing processor security
       | technologies.
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | How is confidential computing applied to VPNs?
        
         | MagicalTux wrote:
         | Battering RAM has been demonstrated to work well against
         | Intel's "Scalable SGX" which is also known as SGX 2, and uses
         | static encryption key to allow SGX to use more of the system's
         | memory.
         | 
         | For example at VP.NET we're using SGX 1, which uses AES-CTR for
         | memory encryption which is not susceptible to memory reply
         | attack, and comes with a limit of 512MB of ram. It's a lot of
         | pain working with a very small memory allocation (especially
         | nowadays where most machines come with 128GB+). batteringram.eu
         | calls that "Client SGX" with a checkmark on "Read", but reading
         | the actual paper it only mentions being able to know which
         | areas of memory were written to (see 7.1). There might be
         | applications where memory access pattern gives detail on the
         | underlying work performed, but this is likely coarse
         | (encryption is likely per page) and unlikely to yield to
         | anything useful.
         | 
         | This said we are also exploring other TEEs including Intel TDX,
         | and having a wider array of options will give us the ability to
         | instantly disable any technology for which we know security has
         | been compromised.
        
           | MoonObserver wrote:
           | Intel TDX unfortunately suffers from the exact same
           | vulnerability as Scalable SGX. The underlying root cause is
           | the lack of randomized encryption; using a static-adversary
           | encryption scheme (XTS) rather than a dynamic-adversary one.
           | The result is that plaintext-ciphertext mappings are
           | unchanged at a fixed memory address. While the choice of
           | scheme might initially seem puzzling, it is due to a
           | randomized encryption scheme requiring counters for each
           | memory block, which has a prohibitive on-chip memory cost
           | when scaling to hundreds of GBs of memory.
        
       | crossroadsguy wrote:
       | At this point, the VPN industry is so rife with shady dealings,
       | suspicious ownership structures, weird exits, questionable
       | marketing/PR practices/pushes, and rumours that waters have been
       | muddied sufficiently for every provider out there. It might have
       | been by design as well. Who knows.
       | 
       | I now believe that you know your use case and use VPN only for
       | that, and decide whether you really need to pay with parts of
       | your kidneys for a service that claims to be the "uber privacy
       | bulwark of the season" (until proven otherwise, as it happens),
       | and get done with it, and make sure "anonymity and privacy" are
       | not the expectations unless you have gone to great lengths to
       | ensure these two, and if that's the case, you won't be in the
       | market for "list most private VPNs providers" at a search or LLM
       | input box.
       | 
       | If your needs are anonymity, a VPN is not going to solve it-- in
       | fact, relying on one might endanger you. Even for privacy, I'd be
       | very careful in trusting a VPN (any VPN).
       | 
       | So if you need a VPN for streaming content from other
       | geographies, just get the one at the best cost that does the job
       | well in your geography, without going through the rabbit hole of
       | cryptographic verification, reputation spiral, etc.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | A VPN is always a risk. Still, there is a difference between
         | using Mulvad or PrivateInternetAccess. The difference between
         | risking that the service might do bad things with your data,
         | and having high certainty that it does. And this article gives
         | pretty good indications which category each service belongs to
        
           | kouru225 wrote:
           | You'd put private internet access in the really bad category?
        
             | vincentpants wrote:
             | Yes. Very much so. PIA was purchased by a British-Israeli
             | corporation called Kape Inc. which has been a known bad-
             | actor in the past and is a giant red flag when looking for
             | VPN options. (edited away the brevity)
        
         | rasengan wrote:
         | Yeah, agreed. Most VPNs just move the trust boundary from your
         | ISP to another opaque network and call it privacy. There's no
         | way to verify what's running, who controls it, or what happens
         | to your data once it leaves your machine.
         | 
         | We solve this with vp.net, by making the service verifiable.
         | The code can be reviewed, the builds are reproducible, and each
         | node can prove what software it's running and where your
         | traffic actually goes [1].
         | 
         | It doesn't turn a VPN into an anonymity tool, but it makes
         | trust measurable instead of blind. That's the part the industry
         | should have fixed a long time ago.
         | 
         | [1] https://youtu.be/sz7NAe0G1_Y
        
         | eloisant wrote:
         | Not saying that this is what I do, but a VPN is useful for
         | things that are illegal but not serious.
         | 
         | For example, France is spying torrent downloads of copyrighted
         | content but they only look at the domestic consumer ISP IP
         | addresses. They ignore all foreign IPs, so if you're using a
         | VPN it doesn't matter if the VPN keeps all the logs they won't
         | bother.
         | 
         | Of course if you're doing things that will get you personally
         | targeted by the police, like cyber-bullying or CSAM, a VPN
         | won't protect you.
        
         | andrepd wrote:
         | > If your needs are anonymity, a VPN is not going to solve it--
         | in fact, relying on one might endanger you.
         | 
         | Why?
        
       | dackdel wrote:
       | just use mullvad
        
       | braza wrote:
       | Despite all the shenanigans related to their corporate structure,
       | does someone really trust in those services in terms of real
       | privacy?
       | 
       | It's hard to believe that for USD 10/month you can have a high-
       | trust VPN so that your ISP will never know who you are, and you
       | can surf the internet untraceable from the IP perspective.
       | 
       | I mean, that kind of infrastructure costs money, and the
       | mechanics to make it happen must be very expensive, and it is
       | hard to believe that this is very commoditized.
       | 
       | It sometimes sounds like someone is selling a 2-cent pizza in
       | Zurich: If you're paying that, maybe you're not ready to know
       | what is inside.
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Isn't it entirely unsurprising that those running a highly
       | privacy-oriented service would themselves be rather mysterious?
       | 
       |  _All it takes is an unattended machine for someone to boot
       | another os on and grab the file_
       | 
       | If you're going to the trouble of using a VPN, that is not a very
       | likely scenario, and ditto for other users(!) on your machine.
        
       | novoreorx wrote:
       | Using a VPN for regular users is like jumping from one fire pit
       | to another. The real way to escape censorship and privacy leaks
       | is to increase your cognition, avoid blindly following KOLs,
       | think independently when choosing tools
        
       | scyzoryk_xyz wrote:
       | At least uh they sponsor a lot of great video entertainment
       | content
        
       | throwaway-0001 wrote:
       | https://embed.kumu.io/9ced55e897e74fd807be51990b26b415#map-J...
       | 
       | Mulvad connected to malwarebytes ups
       | 
       | I thought mullvad was clean
        
         | la_oveja wrote:
         | seems like malwarebytes uses mullvad for its vpn service.
        
       | RyanShook wrote:
       | Strange that this is a blog post by windscribe which follows many
       | of the same practices as the VPN providers they criticize here.
       | 
       | Were VPNs ever really providing privacy? The underlying business
       | model is selling user data.
        
         | daveidol wrote:
         | I'm curious to learn more about Windscribe. Do you have any
         | more info you can share about their practices?
        
       | laylower wrote:
       | So anyone else besides Airvpn and Mullvad is even worth
       | considering?
        
         | wsc981 wrote:
         | You can setup a private VPN with Digital Ocean and a PiHole
         | droplet. I guess it's a little bit less likely to be a
         | honeypot. It also seems cheaper than any public VPN offering.
        
         | eloisant wrote:
         | ProtonVPN
        
       | gorbypark wrote:
       | I only ever use a VPN to access region blocked content and the
       | occasional "linux iso" torrent..I tried Mullvad first, but they
       | just don't play the game of cat and mouse with the streaming
       | providers and all their IPs are pretty much blocked. I have about
       | a 95% success rate with NordVPN (except for Amazon Prime video
       | which have some sort of wizardry and always are able to detect
       | VPNs).
       | 
       | It's a shame because Mullvad has a deal with Tailscale where you
       | can sign up for Mullvad through Tailscale and use any of their
       | servers as a Tailscale exit node. It's super slick and nice since
       | Tailscale has really decent apps for nearly everything (even
       | Apple TV, etc) and I already have a decently sized Tailnet of all
       | my devices / ssh accessible things.
        
         | jiggunjer wrote:
         | But you can connect any machine to any vpn and have it be a
         | tailscale exit node?
        
       | ARandomerDude wrote:
       | > British-Israeli security software company Kape Technologies
       | 
       | That doesn't sound good for privacy.
        
       | Nifty3929 wrote:
       | VPNs will become illegal or backdoored, because privacy is
       | becoming illegal.
       | 
       | This is not really a technology problem, it's a social and
       | legislative one. Many of us are afraid of (other people's)
       | privacy, so we vote for legislators that will make it illegal.
       | The legislators stoke this fear of privacy because they want an
       | excuse to deepen their control of discourse, and their own
       | citizens.
       | 
       | So really, everybody wins!
        
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