[HN Gopher] Jeff Bezos says AI is in a bubble but society will g...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Jeff Bezos says AI is in a bubble but society will get 'gigantic'
       benefits
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 276 points
       Date   : 2025-10-03 16:00 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnbc.com)
        
       | mattnewton wrote:
       | Seems like a measured approach- my read is him saying it's
       | probably a bubble in that bad ideas are being funded too, but
       | there are a lot of really good ideas doing well.
       | 
       | Also nit: Typo right in the digest I assume, assuming "suring" is
       | "during", does cnbc proofread their content?
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | irony level IV
        
         | DonsDiscountGas wrote:
         | Apparently not. An LLM proofread would've definitely caught
         | that
        
         | hiccuphippo wrote:
         | Typos are proof something wasn't Ai written. Everyone should
         | make at least one tyop in their writing.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | Only worms until the typos get into the training data. You
           | need to say at least one thing no one has ever said before in
           | every post.
        
             | square_usual wrote:
             | R9k wins again
        
           | danielbln wrote:
           | "Claude, make sure to sprinkle at least one typo in here. And
           | no em dashes you hear?"
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | Faculty at the college I work for are kicking and screaming
             | about AI and students using AI. They don't want to use new
             | tools so they're just trying to outright ban students from
             | using them.
             | 
             | One smug English faculty said, "well it's not that hard.
             | You just look for dashes in their writing."
             | 
             | I responded with, "you know you can just tell it not to use
             | those, right?"
             | 
             | Blank stares.
             | 
             | I hate it.
        
               | baobun wrote:
               | The writing is a mandatory part of the learning process.
               | Outsourcing it to tools is skipping and cheating. Nothing
               | new here. It was the same when the tool was your buddy or
               | upwork before LLMs.
               | 
               | Banning advanced graph calculators on undergrad math
               | exams is not because "they don't want to use new tools",
               | either.
        
               | robotresearcher wrote:
               | The sad difference that makes a difference is that
               | banning graphing calculators from proctored exams is
               | enforceable in practice.
               | 
               | Appealing to honor is a partial solution at best.
               | Cheating is a problem at West Point, let alone the
               | majority of places with a less disciplined culture. It's
               | sad, but true. The fact that you and I would never cheat
               | on exams simply does not generalize.
               | 
               | https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-
               | army/2021/04/18/51-west-...
               | 
               | edit: good on West Point for actually following up on the
               | cheating. I've witnessed another institution sweeping it
               | under the rug even when properly documented and passed up
               | two or three levels of reporting. As an academic director
               | and thus manager of professors this was infuriating and
               | demoralizing for all concerned.
        
               | smj-edison wrote:
               | Time to crack out the faraday cage!
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I dont see anything reason at all to expect West Point to
               | have less cheating then anywhere else. Army people dont
               | commit crimes less then civilians either.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Sure but there's also a continuum of practice between
               | banning outright and letting the students use llm's to
               | just write for them.
               | 
               | Use it as a peer review. Use it during brainstorming. Use
               | it to clarify ambiguous thoughts. Use it to challenge
               | your arguments and poke holes in your assumptions.
        
               | thewebguyd wrote:
               | It's sad. I use dashes in my writing all the time. I've
               | had to consciously pause and make an effort not to use
               | them in my emails now.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Indeed, the very dashes the English teacher taught me to
               | use.
        
               | SrslyJosh wrote:
               | If you didn't write it, you don't deserve credit for it.
               | You don't learn by outsourcing your work to a piece of
               | software.
        
           | threecheese wrote:
           | I see what ya did tbere :)
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | Then it's a market for lemons. Buyers can't (or choose not to)
         | tell a good AI idea from a bad one.
        
           | hyghjiyhu wrote:
           | A market for lemons means there is an information asymmetry.
           | Sellers know what they have and try to offload their lemons
           | on clueless buyers. I don't think that's the case here.
        
             | SrslyJosh wrote:
             | It is indeed hard to tell how many of the people selling
             | this stuff are True Believers. It's also a bit scary, given
             | how incredibly implausible some of these stuff they're
             | saying is.
        
       | Insanity wrote:
       | I think most level-headed people can see this is a giant bubble
       | which will eventually burst like the dot-com crash. And AI is
       | technology that's hard to understand to non-technical (and even
       | some technical) investors.
       | 
       | But of course, every company needs to slap AI on their product
       | now just to be seen as a viable product.
       | 
       | Personally, I look forward to seeing the bubble burst and being
       | left with a more rational view of AI and what it can (and can
       | not) do.
        
         | arisAlexis wrote:
         | How is AI hard to understand when you enter a cafe and everyone
         | is chatting with their LLM?
        
           | redwood wrote:
           | Where do you see that?
        
             | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
             | In some Hollywood reality, probably.
             | 
             | (Like those people that casually assume that everyone has a
             | therapist or a lawyer.)
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | dotcom bubble had tons of activity, too.
           | 
           | it was making _money_ off those idea _at the valuations
           | expected_ that was problem.
           | 
           | the Internet really _did_ revolutionize things, in
           | substantial ways, but not to the tune of millions of dollars
           | for pets.com
        
             | ramesh31 wrote:
             | >dotcom bubble had tons of activity, too.
             | 
             | The difference now is that this is all (or mostly) idle
             | cash being invested. The massive warchests built up by
             | FAANG over the last decade are finally being deployed
             | meaningfully rather than sitting in bonds or buying back
             | stock. Much different scenario than companies with non-
             | viable business models going IPO on a wish and a dream.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | It's a question of how far the contagion goes - the
               | Dotcom bubble trashed the NASDAQ and rumbled the world a
               | bit, but the "big stocks" weren't directly involved or
               | affected much; the subprime mortgage bubble shook the
               | very foundations of the banking world.
               | 
               | Will the contagion be limited to a few companies, or will
               | the S&P crumble under the bubble's collapse?
        
               | arisAlexis wrote:
               | in the meantime USA and all the world is going actually
               | all-in AI..
        
           | Insanity wrote:
           | Not hard to use. I meant hard to understand what the
           | limitations are for non tech users. E.g people who think AGI
           | is just around the corner because we now have stochastic
           | parrots.
        
           | gizajob wrote:
           | The part that's hard to understand is how the sunk costs of
           | hundreds of billions in capex gets repaid by all those people
           | in cafes paying hundreds of dollars per month to use those
           | LLMs.
        
           | yeasku wrote:
           | Chat rooms webs were sold by millions in the dotcom era.
           | 
           | And everybody used them.
           | 
           | Nowdays everybody see them as useless.
        
             | fzzzy wrote:
             | Pretty sure discord and slack are not useless...
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | Discord and slack are evolutions of msn messenger and
               | icq.
               | 
               | Not web chat rooms.
        
               | fzzzy wrote:
               | that makes absolutely no sense
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | msn messenger became Skype wich then became ms teams.
        
             | blackoil wrote:
             | They evolved into Instagram(8 billion), WhatsApp(20
             | billion) and FB(trillion)
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | No.
               | 
               | Chats did not evolve to social media.
               | 
               | Facebook is a descendant of hotornot not icq or chats.
               | 
               | Ws was seen as free sms.
        
           | ivape wrote:
           | People have no idea how much concern there was around whether
           | FB would ever be able to monetize social media. That company
           | went public at $15, and nearly closed below that on IPO day.
           | 
           | AI is more useful than social media. This is not financial
           | advice, but I lean more toward _not a bubble_.
        
             | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
             | > AI is more useful than social media.
             | 
             | Communication is a fundamental human need.
             | 
             | Generating slop isn't.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | OpenAI has a reasonable path to reduce their costs by 10-100x
         | over the next 5 years if they stop improving the models. That
         | would make them an extremely profitable company with their only
         | real risk being "local ai". However customers have wanted their
         | data in the cloud for years, local inference would likely just
         | mean 0 cost tokens for OpenAI.
         | 
         | The challenge is the rest of the industry funding dead
         | companies with billions of dollars on the off chance they
         | replicate OpenAI's success.
        
           | ten_hands wrote:
           | I don't see how this works though. OpenAI doesn't exist in a
           | vacuum, it has competitors, and the first company to stop
           | improving their model will get obliterated by the others. It
           | seems like they are doomed to keep retraining right up until
           | the VC funding runs out, at which point they go bankrupt.
           | 
           | Some other company, that doesn't have a giant pile of debt
           | will then pick up the pieces and make some money though. Once
           | we dig out of the resulting market crash.
        
             | lumost wrote:
             | The winner takes all thesis would be that like TSMC, the
             | capex of competing in this field keeps growing until only
             | one vendor can both raise sufficient capital to compete and
             | effectively execute with that capital. OpenAI doesn't need
             | to be the first to stop raising money and go profitable,
             | they need to be the last vendor to go profits first.
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | It's not impossible that the crash will hit all companies
             | at the same time and they might all stop training.
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | OpenAI is trying to launch a hardware product with Jony Ive,
           | an ads company, a AI slop-native version of TikTok and
           | several other "businesses". They look well on their way to
           | turning into a Yahoo! than a Cisco or VMWare.
        
             | rhetocj23 wrote:
             | Yeah they are all over the place and this should be a huge
             | red flag.
             | 
             | Some marginal investors know this but they are okay because
             | the music is still playing - but when they think its time
             | to leave the bubble will pop.
             | 
             | People seem to forget that its not about whether or not its
             | actually a bubble, its really about when will certain
             | people who set these stock prices for valuations, decide
             | its time to exit and take their profit.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | The problem is OAI has very firece competition - folks who
           | are willing to absorb losses to put them out of business.
           | 
           | Uber and Amazon are really bad examples. Who was Amazons
           | competition? Nobody. By the time anyone woke up and took them
           | seriously it was too late.
           | 
           | Uber only had to contend with Lyft and a few other less
           | funded firms. Less funded being a really important thing to
           | consider. Not to mention the easy access to immense amounts
           | of funding Uber had.
        
           | outside1234 wrote:
           | The problem is that their competitor is Google and they are
           | much better at most of the things that OpenAI needs to be
           | good at.
        
         | gtowey wrote:
         | I too am waiting for the bubble to burst. Particularly because
         | I think it's doing real harm to the industry.
         | 
         | Every company seems to be putting all their eggs in the AI
         | basket. And that is causing basic usability and feature work to
         | be neglected. Nobody cares because they are betting that AI
         | agents will replace all that. But it won't and meanwhile
         | everything else about these products will stagnate.
         | 
         | It's a disasterous strategy and when it comes crashing down and
         | the layoffs start, every CEO will get a pass on leading this
         | failure because they were just doing what everyone else is
         | doing.
        
       | pseudosavant wrote:
       | What is going on with AI right now could be a bubble just like
       | there was the dotcom bubble. But it isn't like the internet went
       | away after the dotcom burst. The largest companies in existence
       | today are internet companies or have products that wouldn't make
       | sense without the internet.
       | 
       | Sure, many of these "thin prompt wrapper around the OpenAI API"
       | product "businesses" will all be gone within a few years. But AI?
       | That is going to be here indefinitely.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | Things like recommendations, ads, and search will always be
         | around because they were money printers before VCs found out
         | about AI and they will continue to be long after.
        
         | surgical_fire wrote:
         | This is always a bad take.
         | 
         | The dotcom bubble was not about "the internet" itself. The
         | Internet was fine and pretty much already proven as a very
         | useful communication tool. It was about business that made
         | absolutely no sense getting extremely high valuations just
         | because they operated - however vaguely - over the internet.
         | 
         | Generative AI have never reached the level of usability of the
         | Internet itself, and likely never will.
        
         | gizajob wrote:
         | The bubble is in the valuations on the stock market, not in the
         | technology.
        
           | hvb2 wrote:
           | And their promises.
           | 
           | The "it'll make all your devs 6x as productive by the end of
           | the year" types of promises. But those probably explain the
           | valuations
        
             | gizajob wrote:
             | Yeah, Sam Altman's recent one saying that his LLMs would
             | "cure cancer" if they built enough data centres was also a
             | winner.
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | And create a theory of quantum gravity.
        
               | mxschumacher wrote:
               | i have to say I'm a little disgusted by these statements.
               | LLMs are useful for many problems, but is there really a
               | conceivable path of them making progress into fighting
               | the countless cancers tormenting humanity?
        
               | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
               | My framing device: if you had LLMs in the 1500s, how
               | would that help Copernicus determine the orbits of the
               | planets? Maybe through dumb chance, but creating a well
               | reasoned model of the universe required new observations
               | and the ability to interpret the data from a different
               | point of view.
        
               | padjo wrote:
               | More likely the LLM would condescendingly tell him that
               | he was wrong and that the earth was clearly at the centre
               | of the universe.
        
               | Applejinx wrote:
               | Depending on the time of creation, it might be impossible
               | for the LLM NOT to tell him he's wrong and the earth is
               | the center of the universe.
        
               | jobigoud wrote:
               | Interesting framing. Although I assume all the
               | observations had been done already. It was more about
               | being bold enough to investigate a line of thought that
               | wasn't obvious or popular at the time and proving it
               | convincingly.
               | 
               | They already had many "explanations" and models for why
               | the planets were seemingly moving back and forth in the
               | sky during the year. Their models were more complicated
               | than necessary simply because they didn't want to
               | consider the different premise.
        
               | gizajob wrote:
               | All the 1500s and earlier data that such an LLM would
               | have to have been trained on would lead to an LLM that
               | wouldn't ever suggest a heliocentric solar system. That
               | LLM might even say he was heretical or refuse to give an
               | answer to anything that led to it saying that the earth
               | wasn't the centre of the universe. So no help at all.
        
               | Tcepsa wrote:
               | Without those sorts of revolutionary claims, would they
               | still be receiving enough funding to keep the lights on?
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | Thats not true actually.
           | 
           | The technology - for what it is being used vs what is
           | invested - does not match up at all. This is what happened to
           | the dot-com bubble. Theres was a whole bunch of innovation
           | that was needed to come to bring a delightful UX to bring
           | swathes of people onto the internet.
           | 
           | So far this is true about LLMs. Could this change? Sure. Will
           | it change meaningful? Personally I dont believe so.
           | 
           | The internet at its core was all about hooking up computers
           | so they they could transform from just computational beasts
           | to communication. There was a tremendous amount of
           | potentitial that was very very real. It just so happens if
           | computers can communicate we can do a whole bunch of stuff -
           | as is going on today.
           | 
           | What are LLMS? Can someone please explain in a succint
           | way...? Im yet to see something super crystal clear.
        
         | bossyTeacher wrote:
         | AI has been here well before transformers. Please, let's not
         | pretend that AI started with LLM chatbots.
        
       | coffeecoders wrote:
       | Every bubble looks obvious in hindsight. The dot-com crash left
       | behind Amazon and Google. The crypto crash left behind Coinbase
       | and a few real revenue generating companies. If this is the AI
       | bubble, then the survivors are going to look very obvious in a
       | decade, we just don't know which ones yet.
        
         | rhetocj23 wrote:
         | But google and amazon were obvious to those in the know, in
         | terms of what they delivered.
         | 
         | S Jobs called it back in 1995-97 - he referred to it as
         | shopping for information and shopping for good and services.
         | 
         | Nobody has this crystal clear, tangible vision re. LLMs. Nobody
         | at all. That is a big problem.
         | 
         | I found the interview:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MqSfFcaluHc&t=1700s
        
           | yeasku wrote:
           | Personally I never tougth of Google as a dotcom era company.
           | Most of those were landing pages with news and chat rooms.
           | 
           | It was more of web 2.0 company.
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | It was founded 1998, very much dotcom era, and had no
             | significant web 2.0 products for years after that.
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | And the term 2.0 was coined in 1999.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | Right, but the term and the concept didn't really take
               | off until years later. From
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0:
               | 
               | > The term "Web 2.0" was coined by Darcy DiNucci, an
               | information architecture consultant, in her January 1999
               | article "Fragmented Future" [...] her "2.0" designation
               | refers to the next version of the Web that does not
               | directly relate to the term's current use.
               | 
               | > The term Web 2.0 did not resurface until 2002.
               | 
               | Google's first big Web 2.0 products were GMail (beta
               | launched in 2004, just before Google's IPO) and Google
               | Maps (2005).
        
               | fzzzy wrote:
               | Gmail and Google Maps were prototypical 2.0.
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | Gmail's beta started in 2004, and Google Maps launched in
               | 2005. Google's IPO was in 2004, so Web 2.0 products
               | played no part in its enormous early growth.
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | Gmail had a fundamental part in Googles IPO.
        
           | iLoveOncall wrote:
           | Because LLMs are a technology, not a business.
           | 
           | Ultimately it doesn't matter who survives the AI bubble,
           | because they are all more or less equivalent, proposing the
           | same technical solution.
        
         | SrslyJosh wrote:
         | > The crypto crash left behind Coinbase and a few real revenue
         | generating companies.
         | 
         | A lot of us clocked the crypto bullshit waaaay before the
         | crash.
        
           | afroboy wrote:
           | Crypto isn't bullshit well most of it is but the utility is
           | still used by millions of people around the world,
           | specifically USDT and USDC which they proven a good way to
           | move your assets without too much regulations.
        
             | tobias3 wrote:
             | So it is regulatory arbitrage. I think many of the critics
             | never contested that crypto is good for doing crime. The
             | critics just also think that either those crimes should
             | continue to be prevented via the financial system or the
             | financial system should be deregulated for all without a
             | crypto backdoor.
             | 
             | A Money Market Fund gives you interest if you are able to
             | access it.
             | 
             | This is kind of a pattern:
             | 
             | 1. There is some regulation that is inefficient ( e.g. taxi
             | medallions, KYC, copyright protection ...)
             | 
             | 2. New technology comes about which allows startups to
             | claim that they have invented a new area that should be
             | regulated differently
             | 
             | 3. Turns out (2) is not true and new technology can easily
             | be mapped to existing regulation but it would look bad for
             | the regulator to take away the punchbowl
             | 
             | 4. There is some down-turn (bubble pops) and the regulator
             | takes away the punchbowl OR investors have accumulated so
             | much money/power that they corrupt the government to have
             | new rules for their businesses
        
           | jobigoud wrote:
           | > A lot of us clocked the crypto bullshit waaaay before the
           | crash.
           | 
           | I'm sorry what crash are you talking about?
        
       | csours wrote:
       | "Commodity Tokens"
        
       | righthand wrote:
       | > "That is what is going to happen here too. This is real, the
       | benefits to society from AI are going to be gigantic."
       | 
       | As an owner of a web host that probably sees advantage to
       | increased bot traffic, this statement is just more "just wait AI
       | will be gigantic any minute now, keep investing in it for me so
       | my investments stay valuable".
        
       | dang wrote:
       | [stub for offtopicness]
       | 
       | (title fixed now)
        
         | arisAlexis wrote:
         | Totally wrong title
        
         | coffeecoders wrote:
         | @dang
         | 
         | Title needs to be changed to something like
         | 
         | "Bezos says AI is in industrial bubble yet promises huge
         | benefits"
        
           | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
           | Tagging doesn't work on HN.
        
         | artninja1988 wrote:
         | Very misleading clipping of the headline imo
        
       | blast wrote:
       | He's (unsurprisingly) making an analogy to the dotcom bubble,
       | which seems to me correct. There was a bubble, many non-viable
       | companies got funded and died, and nevertheless the internet did
       | eventually change everything.
        
         | zerosizedweasle wrote:
         | The biggest problem is the infrastructure left behind from the
         | Dotcom boom that laid the path for the current world (the high
         | speed fiber) doesn't translate to computer chips. Are you still
         | using intel chips from 1998? And the chips are such a huge
         | cost, and being backed by debt but they depreciate in value
         | exponentially. It's not the same because so much of the current
         | debt fueled spending is on an asset that has very short shelf
         | life. I think AI will be huge, I don't doubt the endgame once
         | it matures. But the bubble now, spending huge amounts on these
         | data centers using debt without a path to profitability (and
         | inordinate spending on these chips) is dangerous. You can think
         | AI will be huge and see how dangerous the current manifestation
         | of the bubble is. A lot of people will get hurt very very
         | badly. This is going to maim the economy in a generational way.
        
           | hibikir wrote:
           | If you look at year over year chip improvements in 2025 vs
           | 1998, it's clear that modern hardware just has a longer shelf
           | life than it used to. The difficulties in getting more
           | performance for the same power expenditure are just very
           | different than back in the day.
           | 
           | There's still depreciation, but it's not the same. Also look
           | at other forms of hardware, like RAM, and the bonus
           | electrical capacity being built.
        
             | lomase wrote:
             | In 1998 to transfer a megabyte over telephone lines was
             | expensive and 5 years later is was almost free.
             | 
             | I have not seen the prices of GPUs, CPU or RAM going down,
             | on the contrary, each day it gets more expensive.
        
               | lemonlearnings wrote:
               | But why not measure $ per intelligence. In 2020 you'd
               | need a billion dollars to get your computer to write good
               | code, now it is practically free.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | Personally I think people should stop trying to reason from
           | the past.
           | 
           | As tempting as it is, it leads to false outcomes because you
           | are not thinking about how this particular situation is going
           | to impact society and the economy.
           | 
           | Its much harder to reason this way, but isnt that the point?
           | personally I dont want to hear or read analogies based on the
           | past - I want to see and read stuff that comes from original
           | thinking.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | Doesn't that line of reasoning leave you in danger of being
             | largely ignorant? There's a wonderful quote from Twain
             | "History doesn't repeat itself but it often rhymes" there
             | are two critical things I'd highlight in that quote - first
             | off the contrast between repetition and rhyming is drawing
             | attention to the fact that things are never exactly the
             | same - there's just a gist of similarities - the second is
             | that it often but doesn't always rhyme - this sure looks
             | like a bubble but it might not be and it might be something
             | entirely new. _That all said_ it's important to learn from
             | history because there are clear echoes of history in events
             | because we, people in general, don't change that
             | fundamentally.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | IME the number of times where people have said "this time
             | it's different" and been wrong is a lot higher than the
             | number of times they've said "this time is the same as the
             | last" and been wrong. In fact, it is the increasing
             | prevalence of the idea that "this time it's different" that
             | makes me batten down the hatches and invest somewhere with
             | more stability.
        
             | rhetocj23 wrote:
             | With all due respect, Im not here to teach people how to
             | think.
             | 
             | This guy gets it -
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxLCTA5wQow
             | 
             | Instead of plainly jumping on the bubble bandwagon he
             | actually goes through a thorough analysis.
        
           | hx8 wrote:
           | A lot of the infrastructure made during the Dotcom boom was
           | shortly discarded. How many dial-up modems were sold in the
           | 90s?
           | 
           | The current AI bubble is leading to trained models that won't
           | be feasible to retrain for a decade or longer after the
           | bubble bursts.
        
             | zerosizedweasle wrote:
             | The wealth the Dotcom boom left behind wasn't in dial up
             | modems or internet over the telephone, it was in the huge
             | amounts of high speed fiber optic networks that were laid
             | down. I think a lot of that infrastructure is still in use
             | today, fiber optic cables can last 30 years or more.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > fiber optic cables can last 30 years or more
               | 
               | The trenches for the cables even longer than that.
        
               | ecommerceguy wrote:
               | How much of it is still dark?
        
             | yeasku wrote:
             | Honestly, not that many people had modems.
        
               | jorts wrote:
               | In the late 90s to 2001? Many people were still using
               | modems at that time. Cable or DSL wasn't even an option
               | for a considerable percentage of the population.
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | In 2000 6% of the population had access to internet.
               | 
               | In 2002 I was woking making webs and setting up linux
               | servers and I did not have internet at home.
        
               | macNchz wrote:
               | This is pretty location specific--in the US 42% of
               | households had home internet in 2000.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/189349/us-households-
               | hom...
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | That web is not a good source.
        
               | NicoJuicy wrote:
               | Yes it is.
               | 
               | Low Global Penetration: Only 361 million people had
               | internet access worldwide in 2000, a small fraction of
               | the global population. Specific Country Examples United
               | States: The US had a significant portion of the world's
               | internet users, making up 31.1% of all global users in
               | 2000. Its penetration rate was 43.1%.
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | Not _still_ using, flat out modemless. Lots of guys got
               | their hand on a mouse for the first time only after
               | Windows XP launched. Which was after the collapse.
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | Windows 95 didnt even have Internet by default.
               | 
               | It had the Microsoft network or whatever it was called.
        
           | simonw wrote:
           | That's true for the GPUs themselves, but the data centers
           | with their electricity infrastructure and cooling and
           | suchlike won't become obsolete nearly as quickly.
        
             | davnicwil wrote:
             | this is a good point, and it would be interesting to see
             | the relative value of this building and housing 'plumbing'
             | overhead Vs the chips themselves.
             | 
             | I guess another example of the same thing is power
             | generation capacity, although this comes online _so_ much
             | more slowly I 'm not sure the dynamics would work in the
             | same way.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | The data centers built in 1998 don't have nearly enough
               | power or cooling capacity to run today's infrastructure.
               | I'd be surprised if very many of them are even still in
               | use. Cheaper to build new than upgrade.
        
               | bialpio wrote:
               | How come? I'd expect that efficiency gains would lower
               | power and thus cooling demands - are we packing more
               | servers into the same space now or losing those gains
               | elsewhere?
        
               | alchemism wrote:
               | Yes - blades-of-servers replacing what was 2 or 3 rack
               | mount servers. Both air exchange and power requirements
               | are radically different in order to fill that rack as it
               | was before.
        
             | master_crab wrote:
             | This is true. It's probably 2-3 times as long as a GPU
             | chip. But it's still probably half or a quarter of the
             | depreciation timeline of a carrier fiber line.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | Even if the building itself is condemnable, what it took
               | to build it out is still valuable.
               | 
               | To give a different example, right now, some of the most
               | prized sites for renewable energy are former coal plant
               | sites, because they already have big fat transmission
               | lines ready to go. Yesterday's industrial parks are now
               | today's gentrifying urban districts, and so on.
        
               | master_crab wrote:
               | That's true. The permitting is already dealt with, and
               | that's substantial lead time on any data center build.
               | 
               | Evnn moreso for carrier lines of course. Nimbyism is a
               | strong block on right-of-way needs (except the undersea
               | ones obviously).
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | How much more of centralized data center capacity we
             | actually need outside AI? And how much more we would need
             | if we used slightly more time on doing things more
             | efficiently?
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | They're only replacing GPUs because investors will give
           | "free" money to do so. Once the bubble pops people will
           | realize that GPUs actually last a while.
        
           | bilsbie wrote:
           | We don't have moores law anymore. Why are the chips
           | obseleting so quickly?
        
             | myhf wrote:
             | FLOP/s/$ is still increasing exponentially, even if the
             | specific components don't match Moore's original phrasing.
             | 
             | Markets for electronics have momentum, and estimating that
             | momentum is how chip producers plan for investment in
             | manufacturing capacity, and how chip consumers plan for
             | deprecation.
        
             | o11c wrote:
             | They kind of aren't. If you actually look at "how many
             | dollars am I spending per month on electricity", there's a
             | good chance it's not worth upgrading even if your computer
             | is 10 years old.
             | 
             | Of course this does make some moderate assumptions that it
             | was a solid build in the first place, not a flimsy laptop,
             | not artificially made obsolete/slow, etc. Even then,
             | "install an SSD" and "install more RAM" is most of
             | everything.
             | 
             | Of course, if you are a _developer_ you should avoid doing
             | these things so you won 't get encouraged to write crappy
             | programs.
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | There are probably a lot of cool and useful things you could
           | do with a bunch of data centers full of GPUs.
           | 
           | - better weather forecasts
           | 
           | - modeling intermittent generation on the grid to get more
           | solar online
           | 
           | - drug discovery
           | 
           | - economic modeling
           | 
           | - low cost streaming games
           | 
           | - simulation of all types
        
             | amatecha wrote:
             | - cloud gaming service? :D
        
               | mort96 wrote:
               | Eh not really. Maybe retro cloud gaming services. But
               | games haven't stopped getting more demanding every year.
               | Not only are the AI GPUs focused on achieving clusters
               | with great compute performance per watt and dollar rather
               | than making singular GPUs with great raster performance;
               | even the GPUs which are powerful enough for current games
               | won't be powerful enough for games in 5 years.
               | 
               | Not to mean that we're still nowhere near close to
               | solving the broadband coverage problem, especially in
               | less developed countries like the US and most of the
               | third world. If anything, it seems like we're moving
               | towards satellite internet and cellular for areas outside
               | of the urban centers, and those are _terrible_ for
               | latency-sensitive applications like game streaming.
        
               | fooker wrote:
               | > But games haven't stopped getting more demanding every
               | year.
               | 
               | This is not particularly true.
               | 
               | Even top of the line AAA games make sure they can be
               | played on the current generation consoles which have been
               | around for the last N years. Right now N=5.
               | 
               | Sure you'll get much better graphics with a high end PC,
               | but those looking for cloud gaming would likely be
               | satisfied with PS5 level graphics which can be pretty
               | good.
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | Intel chips from 2008, as there is no real improvements.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > This is going to maim the economy in a generational way.
           | 
           | Just as I'm getting to the point where I can see retirement
           | coming from off in the distance. Ugh.
        
           | donmcronald wrote:
           | And a lot of the gains from the Dotcom boom are being paid
           | back in negative value for the average person at this point.
           | We have automated systems that waste our time when we need
           | support, product features that should have a one-time-cost
           | being turned into subscriptions, a complete usurping of the
           | ability to distribute software or build compatible
           | replacements, etc..
           | 
           | The Dotcom boom was probably good for everyone in some way,
           | but it was much, much better for the extremely wealthy people
           | that have gained control of everything.
        
             | actionfromafar wrote:
             | Don't say that, you'll hasten the Antichrist!
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | (For those who missed it: https://www.theverge.com/ai-
               | artificial-intelligence/785407/p... )
        
             | hattmall wrote:
             | AI itself is a manifestation of that too, a huge time
             | waster for a lot of people. Getting randomly generated
             | wrong but sounding right information is very frustrating.
             | Start asking AI questions you already know the answer too
             | and the issues can become very obvious.
        
             | xmprt wrote:
             | If you're ever been to a third world country then you'd see
             | how this is completely untrue. The dotcom boom has
             | revolutionized the way of life for people in countries like
             | India.
             | 
             | Even for the average person in America, the ability to do
             | so many activities online that would have taken hours
             | otherwise (eg. shopping, research, DMV/government
             | activities, etc). The fact that we see negative
             | consequences of this like social network polarization or
             | brainrot doesn't negate the positives that have been
             | brought about.
        
               | adityaathalye wrote:
               | With telecom, we benefited from skipping generations. I
               | got into a telecom management program because in
               | 2001-ish, I was passed by on a village street by a farmer
               | bicycling while talking on his cellphone. Mind you _my
               | family_ could not afford cellphone call rates at the
               | time.
               | 
               | In fact, the technology was introduced out here
               | _assuming_ corporate  / elite users. The market reality
               | became such that telcos were forced kicking and screaming
               | to open up networks to everybody. The Telecom Regulatory
               | Authority of India (back then) mandated rural <> urban
               | parity of sorts. This eventually forced telcos to share
               | infrastructure costs (share towers etc.) The total call
               | and data volumes are eye-watering, but low-yield (low
               | ARPU). I could go on and on but it's just batshit crazy.
               | 
               | Now UPI has layered on top of that---once again,
               | benefiting from Reserve Bank of India's mandate for zero-
               | fee transactions, and participating via a formal data
               | interchange protocol and format.
               | 
               | Speaking from India, having lived here all my life, and
               | occasionally travelled abroad (USAmerica, S.E. Asia).
               | 
               | We, as a society and democracy, are also feeling the
               | harsh, harsh hand of "Code is Law", and increasingly
               | centralised control of communication utilities (which the
               | telecoms are). The left hand of darkness comes with a
               | _lot_ of darkness, sadly.
               | 
               | Which brings me to the moniker of "third world".
               | 
               | This place is _insane_ , my friend --- first, second,
               | third, and fourth worlds all smashing into each others'
               | faces all the time. In so many ways, we are more first
               | world here than many western countries. I first visited
               | USAmerica in 2015, and I could almost smell an empire in
               | decline. Walking across twitter headquarters in downtown
               | SF of all the places, avoiding needles and syringes
               | _strewn_ on the sidewalk, and avoiding the _completely_
               | smashed guy just barely standing there, right there in
               | the middle of it all.
               | 
               | That was insane.
        
               | yugioh3 wrote:
               | That kind of extreme poverty juxtaposed to extreme
               | wealth, and all of the social ills that come along with
               | it, have always been a fixture of the American
               | experience. I don't think it's a good barometer or
               | whether the USA is in decline when there has long been
               | pockets of urban decay, massive inequality, drug use etc.
               | Jump back to any point in American history and you'll
               | find something similar if not much, much worse. Even in
               | SF of all places, back in the wild west era gold rush or
               | in the 1970s... America has always held that
               | contradiction.
        
               | adityaathalye wrote:
               | Yeah, I sort of recounted a stark memory. That
               | juxtaposition was a bit too much.
               | 
               | However, it wasn't just that, and the feeling has only
               | solidified in three further visits. It isn't rational,
               | very much a _nose_ thing, coming from an ordinary
               | software programmer (definitely not an economist,
               | sociologist, think tank).
        
               | intended wrote:
               | It seems the crux is that we needed X people to produce
               | goods, and we had Y demand.
               | 
               | Now we need X*0.75 people to do meet Y demand.
               | 
               | However, those savings are partially piped to consumers,
               | and partially piped to owners.
               | 
               | There is only so much marginal propensity to spend that
               | rich people have, so that additional wealth is not
               | resulting in an increase in demand, at least commensurate
               | enough to absorb the 25% who are unemployed or
               | underemployed.
               | 
               | Ideally that money would be getting ploughed back into
               | making new firms, or creating new work, but the work
               | being created requires people with PHDs, and a few
               | specific skills, which means that entire fields of people
               | are not in the work force.
               | 
               | However all that money has to go somewhere, and so asset
               | classes are rising in value, because there is no where
               | else for it to go.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | > partially piped to consumers, and partially piped to
               | owners.
               | 
               | Or, the returns on capital exceed the rate of economic
               | growth (r > g), if you like Piketty's _Capital in the
               | Twenty First Century_.
               | 
               | One of the central points is about how productivity and
               | growth gains increasingly accrue to capital rather than
               | labor, leading to capital accumulation and asset
               | inflation.
        
               | intended wrote:
               | Yep, that's the source of the point. The effort is in
               | finding a way to make it easy to convey. Communication of
               | an idea is almost as critical as its verification now.
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | I just need to read it one of these days. I keep reading
               | parts of it but never sitting down with it.
        
               | intended wrote:
               | Oh hell, don't make me feel bad. I've got a meager
               | capacity to trudge through major papers. I cheer you on.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | You're in luck! A couple years ago he released an
               | "abridged version" of sorts. A Brief History of
               | Inequality is the name. Much more accessible than the 700
               | pages of Capital in the 21st Century.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/97806
               | 742...
        
               | BurningFrog wrote:
               | > _Now we need X_ 0.75 people to do meet Y demand.*
               | 
               | This is how GDP/person has increased 30x the last 250
               | years.
               | 
               | What always happens is that the no longer needed X*0.25
               | people find new useful things to do and we end up 33%
               | richer.
        
               | AfterHIA wrote:
               | "we end up."
               | 
               | It's actually, "they end up" and the 33% gains you're
               | talking about aren't realized en masse until all the coal
               | miners have black lung. It's really quite the, "dealy" as
               | Homer Simpson would say. See, "Charles Dickens" or,
               | "William Blake" for more. #grease
        
               | the_other wrote:
               | I think you're putting too much weight on cost (time,
               | money), and not enough weight on "quality of life", in
               | your analysis.
               | 
               | For sure, we can shop faster, and (attempt) research and
               | admin faster. But...
               | 
               | Shopping: used to be fun. You'd go with friends or
               | family, discuss the goods together, gossip, bump into
               | people you knew, stop for a sandwich, maybe mix shopping
               | and a cinema or dinner trip. All the while, you'd be
               | aware of other peoples' personal space, see their family
               | dynamics. Queuing for event tickets brought you shoulder
               | to shoulder with the crowd before the event began...
               | Today, we do all this at home; strangers (and
               | communities) are separated from us by glass, cables and
               | satalites, rather than by air and shouting distance. I
               | argue that this time saving is reducing our ability to
               | socialise.
               | 
               | Research: this is definitely accelerated, and probably
               | mostly for the better. But... some kinds of research were
               | mingled with the "shopping" socialisation described
               | above.
               | 
               | Admin: the happy path is now faster and _functioning_
               | bureaucracy is smoother in the digital realm. But, it's
               | the edge cases which are now more painful. Elderly people
               | struggle with digital tech and prefer face to face.
               | Everyone is more open to more subtle and challenging
               | threats (identity theft, fraud); we all have to learn
               | complex and layered mitigation strategies. Also: digital
               | systems are very fragile: they leak private data, they're
               | open to wider attack surfaces, they need more training
               | and are harder to intuit without that training; they're
               | ripe for capture by monopolists (Google, Palantir).
               | 
               | The time and cost savings of all these are not felt by
               | the users, or even the admins of these systems. The
               | savings are felt only by the owners of the systems.
               | 
               | Technologgy has saved billions of person-hours individual
               | costs, in travel, in physical work. Yet, wemre working
               | longer, using fewer ranges of motions, are less fit, less
               | able to tolerste others' differences and the wealth gap
               | is widening.
        
               | startupsfail wrote:
               | Yes, this is true. There used to be a lot of local book
               | stores, for example. Amazon optimized that away, while
               | ruining social fabric.
        
               | AfterHIA wrote:
               | RIP literacy in America. We hardly knew ye.
        
               | dangus wrote:
               | Independent book stores are booming in quantity since the
               | initial Internet crash.
               | 
               | Be careful about making narratives that don't line up
               | with industry data.
               | 
               | There's a lot of brick and mortar retail going on. It
               | just doesn't look like the overbuilt mall infrastructure
               | of the 1970s-1980s.
        
               | abdullahkhalids wrote:
               | Recall that the arXiv was established in 1991, many years
               | before the dotcom bubble. Many scientists still use arXiv
               | prominently for research.
        
               | personjerry wrote:
               | > I think you're putting too much weight on cost (time,
               | money), and not enough weight on "quality of life", in
               | your analysis.
               | 
               | "Quality of life" is a hugely privileged topic to be
               | zooming in on. For the vast majority of people both
               | inside and outside the US, Time and Money are by far the
               | most important factors in their lives.
        
               | anon7725 wrote:
               | Setting aside time, is money not downstream from quality
               | of life? Meaning, in a better world one might not need to
               | care as much about money? I believe that time and quality
               | of life are congruent - good quality of life means
               | control over one's own time.
        
             | visarga wrote:
             | > The Dotcom boom was probably good for everyone in some
             | way, but it was much, much better for the extremely wealthy
             | people that have gained control of everything.
             | 
             | You are describing platform capture. Be it Google Search,
             | YouTube, TikTok, Meta, X, App Store, Play Store, Amazon,
             | Uber - they have all made themselves intermediaries between
             | public and services, extracting a huge fee. I see it like
             | rent going up in a region until it reaches maximum bearable
             | level, making it almost not worth it to live and work
             | there. They extract value both directions, up and down,
             | like ISPs without net-neutrality.
             | 
             | But AI has a different dynamic, it is not easy to centrally
             | control ranking, filtering and UI with AI agents. You can
             | download a LLM, can't download a Google or Meta. Now it is
             | AI agents that got the "ear" of the user base.
             | 
             | It's not like before it was good - we had a generation of
             | people writing slop to grab attention on web and social
             | networks, from the lowest porn site to CNN. We all got
             | prompted by the Algorithm. Now that Algorithms is replaced
             | by many AI agents that serve users more directly than
             | before.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | >You can download a LLM, can't download a Google or Meta.
               | 
               | You can download _a_ model. That doesn 't necessarily
               | mean you can download the best model and all the
               | ancillary systems attached to it by whatever service.
               | Just like you can download a web index but you probably
               | cannot download google's index and certainly can't
               | download their system of crawlers for keeping it up to
               | date.
        
             | throwzasdf wrote:
             | I know HN and most younger people or people with otherwise
             | political leanings always push narratives pointing at rich
             | people bad but I feel a lot of tech has made our lives
             | easier and better. It's also made it more complicated and
             | worse in some ways. That effect has applied to everyone.
             | 
             | In poor countries, they may not have access to clean
             | running water but it's almost guaranteed they have cell
             | phones. We saw that in a documentary recently. What's good
             | about that? They use cell phones not only to stay in touch
             | but to carry out small business and personal sales.
             | Something that wouldn't have been possible before the
             | Internet age.
        
           | elbasti wrote:
           | About 40% of AI infrastructure spending is the physical
           | datacenter itself and the associated energy production. 60%
           | is the chips.
           | 
           | That 40% has a very long shelf life.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, the energy component is almost entirely fossil
           | fuels, so the global warming impact is pretty significant.
           | 
           | At this point, geoengineering is the only thing that can earn
           | us a bit of time to figure...idk, _something_ out, and we can
           | only hope the oceans don 't acidify too much in the meantime.
        
             | Naklin wrote:
             | Interesting. Do you have any sources for this 60/40 split?
             | And while I agree that the infrastructure has a long shelf
             | life, it seems to me like an AI bubble burst would greatly
             | depreciate the value of this infrastructure as the demand
             | for it plummets, no?
        
           | smj-edison wrote:
           | > the current debt fueled spending
           | 
           | Honestly I think the most surprising thing about this latest
           | investment boom has been how little debt there is. VC
           | spending and big tech's deep pockets keep banks from being
           | too tangled in all of this, so the fallout will be much more
           | gentle imo.
        
           | lemonlearnings wrote:
           | I am not still using the same 1Mbps token ring from 1998 or
           | the same dial up connecting to some 10Mbps backbone.
           | 
           | I am using x86 chips though.
        
           | mountainriver wrote:
           | This won't even come close to maiming the economy, that's one
           | of the more extreme takes I've heard.
           | 
           | AI is already making us wildly more productive. I vibe coded
           | 5 deep ML libraries over the last month or so. This would
           | have taken me maybe years before when I was manually coding
           | as an MLE.
           | 
           | We have clearly hit the stage of exponential improvement, and
           | to not invest basically everything we have in it would be
           | crazy. Anyone who doesn't see that is missing the bigger
           | picture.
        
             | rhetocj23 wrote:
             | Go ahead and post what youve done fella so we can critique.
             | 
             | Why is it all these kinds of posts never come with any
             | attachments? We are all interested to see it m8.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | One thing to note about modern social media is that the most
           | negative comment tends to become the most upvoted.
           | 
           | You can see that all across this discussion.
        
           | tmaly wrote:
           | my 486sx with math co-processor is long gone.
        
           | NathanaelRea wrote:
           | Companies want GW data centers, which are a new thing that
           | will last decades, even if GPUs are consumable and have high
           | failure rates. Also, depending on how far it takes us, it
           | could upgrade the electric grid, make electricity cheaper.
           | 
           | And there will also be software infrastructure which could be
           | durable. There will be improvements to software tooling and
           | the ecosystem. We will have enormous pre-trained foundation
           | models. These model weight artifacts could be copied for
           | free, distilled, or fine tuned for a fraction of the cost.
        
         | rchaud wrote:
         | Dotcom mania companies were not Internet providers. They tried
         | making money _on_ the internet, something people already saw as
         | worth paying for.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | This is not really true, e.g. Cogent was basically created by
           | buying bankrupt dotcum-bubble network providers for cents on
           | the dollar.
        
             | hx8 wrote:
             | Also AOL was a mix of dialup provider and Dotcom service.
             | There were many other popular examples of such.
        
               | 1234letshaveatw wrote:
               | I don't think it is fair to characterize AOL as a bubble
               | baby- they were a thing before that
        
               | yeasku wrote:
               | Nor I dont think Coget, GX or Level-3 were dotcom
               | companies.
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | Cisco, Level3 and WorldCom all saw astronomical valuation
           | spikes during the dotcom bubble and all three saw their stock
           | prices and actual business prospects collapse in the
           | aftermath of it.
           | 
           | Perhaps the most famous implosion of all was AOL who merged
           | (sort of) with TimeWarner gaining the lion's share of control
           | through market cap balancing. AOL fell so destructively that
           | it nearly wiped out all the value of the actual hard assets
           | that TW controlled pre-merger.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | Video game crash followed by video games taking off and
         | eclipsing most other forms of digital entertainment.
         | 
         | Dot com crash followed by the web getting pretty popular and a
         | bit central to business.
         | 
         | To all those betting big on AI before the crash:
         | 
         |  _Careful, Icarus._
        
           | NedF wrote:
           | > Careful, Icarus.
           | 
           | What does that even mean?
           | 
           | pets.com was a fat loser only telling telling people that
           | were going to fly.
           | 
           | Amazon was Icarus, they did something.
           | 
           | Vs weak commentators going on about the wax melting from
           | their parents root cellar while Icarus was soaring.
           | 
           | Most of Y Combinator are not using AI they just say that and
           | you're worried about the people who do things?
        
             | jrflowers wrote:
             | > commentators going on about the wax melting from their
             | parents root cellar while Icarus was soaring.
             | 
             | Icarus drowned in the sea.
             | 
             | Even if you want to put the world into only two lumps of
             | cellar dwellers and Icaruses it is still a group of living
             | people on one side and a floating/semi-submerged pile of
             | dead bodies that are literally only remembered for how
             | stupid their deaths were on the other.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | Bad comparison.
           | 
           | The leap of faith necessary in LLMs to achieve the same feat
           | is so large its very difficult to imagine it happening.
           | Particularly due to the well known constraints on what the
           | technology is capable of.
           | 
           | The whole investment thesis of LLMs is that it will be able
           | to a) be intelligent b) produce new knowledge. If those two
           | things that dont happen, what has been delivered is not
           | commensurate to the risk in regards to the money invested.
        
             | N70Phone wrote:
             | Given they're referencing Icarus, they seem to agree with
             | you.
             | 
             | Past bubbles leaving behind something of value is indeed no
             | guarantee the current bubble will do so. For as many times
             | as people post "but dotcom produced Amazon" to HN, people
             | had posted that exact argument about the Blockchain, the
             | NFT, or the "Metaverse" bubbles.
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | Many AI startups around LLMs are going to crash and burn.
           | 
           | This is because many people have mistaken LLMs for AI, when
           | they're just a small subset of the technology - and this has
           | driven myopic focus in a lot of development, and has lead to
           | naive investors placing bets on golden dog turds.
           | 
           | I disagree on AI as a whole, however - as unlike previous
           | technologies this one can self-ratchet and bootstrap. ML
           | designed chips, ML designed models, and around you go until
           | god pops out the exit chute.
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | I would add more metrics to think about. For example, very few
         | people used Internet in the dotcom era while now the AI use is
         | distributed into all the population using the Internet that
         | will probably not growth too much. In this case, if Internet
         | population is the driver, and it will not growth significantly
         | we are redistributing the attention. Assuming "all" society
         | will be more productive we will all be in the same train at the
         | relatively same speed.
        
         | padjo wrote:
         | And what were the societal benefits of the internet?
        
           | gitaarik wrote:
           | That everybody all over the world can instantly connect with
           | each other?
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | The analogy to the dot com bubble is leaky at best. AI will hit
         | a point of exponential improvement, we are already in the outer
         | parts of this loop.
         | 
         | It will become so valuable so fast we struggle to comprehend
         | it.
        
           | shiandow wrote:
           | While this remains possible my main impression now is that
           | progress seems to be slowing down rather than accelerating.
        
             | dsamarin wrote:
             | Maybe once we get another architecture breakthrough, it
             | won't feel so slow.
        
             | nucleative wrote:
             | I'm not so sure about this.
             | 
             | First were the models. Then the APIs. Then the cost
             | efficiencies. Right now the tooling and automated
             | workflows. Next will be a frantic effort to "AI-
             | Everything". A lot of things won't make the cut, but
             | absolutely many tasks, whole jobs, and perhaps entire
             | subsets of industries will flip over.
             | 
             | For example you might say no AI can write a completely
             | tested, secure, fully functional mobile app with one prompt
             | (yet). But look at the advancements in Cline, Claude code,
             | MCPs, code execution environments, and other tooling in
             | just the last 6 months.
             | 
             | The whole monkeys typewriters shakespeare thing starts to
             | become viable.
        
             | madaxe_again wrote:
             | Not even remotely. In LLM land, the progress _seems_ slow
             | the past few years, but a lot has happened under the hood.
             | 
             | Elsewhere in AI however progress has been enormous, and
             | many projects are only now reaching the point where they
             | are starting to have valuable outputs. Take video gen for
             | instance - it simply did not exist outside of research labs
             | a few years ago, and now it's getting to the point where
             | it's actually useful - and that's just a very visible
             | example, never mind the models being applied to everything
             | from plasma physics to kidney disease.
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | > the progress seems slow the past few years, but a lot
               | has happened under the hood.
               | 
               | The claim is "exponential" progress, exponential progress
               | never seems "slow" after it has started to become
               | visible.
               | 
               | I've worked in the research part of this space, there's
               | neat stuff happening, but we are very clearly in the
               | diminishing returns phase of development.
        
             | mountainriver wrote:
             | If you keep up with the research this isn't the case, ML
             | timelines have always been slower than anyone likes
        
           | crystal_revenge wrote:
           | Then why has my experience with AI started to see such
           | dramatically diminishing returns?
           | 
           | 2022-2023 AI changed enough to be me to convert from skeptic,
           | to a believer. I started working as an AI Engineer and wanted
           | to be on the front lines.
           | 
           | 2023-2024 Again, major changes, especially as far as coding
           | goes. I started building very promising prototypes for
           | companies, was able to build a laundry list of projects that
           | were just boring to write.
           | 
           | 2024-2025 My day to day usage has _decreased_. The models
           | seem better at fact finding but _worse_ for code. None of
           | those  "cool" prototypes from myself or anyone else I knew
           | seemed to be able to become more than just that. Many of the
           | cool companies I started learning about in 2022 started to
           | reduce staff and are running into financial troubles.
           | 
           | The only area where I've been impressed is the relatively
           | niche improvements in open source text/image to video models.
           | It's wild that you can make sure animated films on a home
           | computer now.
           | 
           | But even there I'm seeing no signs of "exponential
           | improvement".
        
             | mountainriver wrote:
             | I vibe coded 5 deep ML libraries this month. I'm an MLE by
             | trade and it would have taken me ages without AI. This
             | wasn't possible even a year ago. I have no idea how anyone
             | thinks the models haven't improved
        
               | crystal_revenge wrote:
               | > This wasn't possible even a year ago.
               | 
               | My experience has been that it _was_. I was using AI last
               | year to build ML models about as well as I have been this
               | year.
               | 
               | I'm not saying AI isn't useful, just that the progress
               | certainly looks to be _sigmoid_ not _exponential_ in
               | growth. By far the biggest year for improvement was
               | 2022-2023. Early 2022 I didn 't think any of the code
               | assistants were useful, by 2023 I was able to use them
               | more reliably. 2024 was another big improvement, but I
               | honestly haven't felt the change (at least not for the
               | better).
               | 
               | Some of the _tooling_ may be better, but that has little
               | do to with exponential progress in AI itself.
        
         | bigbadfeline wrote:
         | > [At dotcom time] There was a bubble, many non-viable
         | companies got funded and died, and nevertheless the internet
         | did eventually change everything.
         | 
         | It did, but not for the better. Quality of life and standard of
         | living both declined while income inequality skyrocketed and
         | that period of time is now known as The Great Divergence.
         | 
         | > He's (unsurprisingly) making an analogy to the dotcom bubble,
         | which seems to me correct.
         | 
         | He's got no downside if he's wrong or doesn't deliver, he's
         | promising an analogy to selling you a brand new bridge in
         | exchange for taking half of your money... and you're ecstatic
         | about it.
        
           | AfterHIA wrote:
           | Thank you for acknowledging this. The internet was created
           | around a lot of lofty idealism and none of that has been
           | realized other than opening up the world's information to a
           | great many. It made society and the global economy worse
           | (occidental west; Chinese middle class might disagree) and
           | has paralleled the destabilization of geopolitics. I am not
           | luddite but until we can, "get our moral shit together" new
           | technologies aren't but fuel on the proverbial fire.
        
             | bigbadfeline wrote:
             | Glad to be in agreement. The higher message here is that
             | technology is no substitute for politics, cue crypto-hype
             | which produced little more than crime and money-laundering.
             | Without proper policies, corruption invades every strata of
             | society.
        
       | EcommerceFlow wrote:
       | Here's a link to the full interview Bezos had yesterday
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0x3UZDKSNo
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | My translation of what Jeff says:
       | 
       | "AI is in a bubble but billionaires will get 'gigantic' benefits"
       | 
       | I see no benefit to anyone unless you can live off your stock
       | portfolio and can easily ride through periods where your
       | portfolio can suffer a 50% loss.
        
         | ozmodiar wrote:
         | Honestly, during the dotcom bubble at least workers were
         | getting paid and jobs were abundant. Things didn't start
         | getting bad for workers until it popped. We're supposed to be
         | in the 'positive' part of the AI bubble and people already seem
         | desperate and out of hope.
         | 
         | Everyone not directly involved seems to want AI to pop. I'm not
         | sure if that says anything about its longevity. Not very fun to
         | have a bubble that feels bad on both sides.
        
       | somewhereoutth wrote:
       | My understanding is that the cost of training each next model is
       | very very large, and a half trained model is worthless.
       | 
       | Thus when it is realised that this investment cannot produce the
       | necessary returns, there will simply be no next model. People
       | will continue using the old models, but they will become more and
       | more out of date, and less and less useful, until they are not
       | much more than historical artifacts.
       | 
       | My point is that the threshold for continuing this process (new
       | models) is very big (getting bigger each time?), so the 'pop'
       | will be a step function to zero.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Models don't become out of date now that deep research exists.
        
           | Duralias wrote:
           | So with every prompt you are expected to wait that long? I
           | highly doubt general people will be willing to wait, it also
           | doesn't seem entirely viable if you want to do it locally,
           | less bandwidth and no caching akin to what a literal search
           | engine of data can do.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | If they stop getting returns in intelligence, they will switch
         | to returns in efficiency and focus on integration, with new
         | models being trained for new data cutoffs if nothing else. Even
         | today there is at least a 5-10 year integration/adoption period
         | if everything halts tomorrow.
         | 
         | There is no reality in which LLMs go away (shy of being
         | replaced).
        
           | ares623 wrote:
           | Is adding new data to a model a full retraining from scratch?
           | Or can it be added on top of an existing model?
           | 
           | If it costs $10B to add 1 year of data to an existing model,
           | every year, that doesn't sound too good.
        
           | SrslyJosh wrote:
           | > If they stop getting returns in intelligence, they will
           | switch to returns in efficiency
           | 
           | I don't think we can assume that people producing what appear
           | to be addictive services are going to do that, especially
           | when they seem to be addicted themselves.
        
           | mythrwy wrote:
           | They probably are getting a bonanza of intelligence from
           | people using them.
        
         | renjimen wrote:
         | Many argument the current batch of models provide a large
         | capability overhang. That is, we are still learning how to get
         | the most out of these models in various applications
        
         | jobigoud wrote:
         | Why do you think the models will become out of date and less
         | useful? Like, compared to what? What external factor makes the
         | models less useful?
         | 
         | If it's just to catch up with newly discovered knowledge or
         | information then that's not the model, they can just train
         | again with an updated dataset and probably not need to train
         | from scratch.
        
           | lazystar wrote:
           | > What external factor makes the models less useful?
           | 
           | Life. A great example can be seen in the AI-generated
           | baseball-related news articles that involve the Athletics
           | organization. AI articles this year have been generating
           | articles that incorrectly state that the Atlanta Braves
           | played in games that were actually played by the Athletics,
           | and the reason is due to the outdated training model. For the
           | last 60 years before 2025, the Athletics played in Oakland,
           | and during that time their acronym was OAK. In 2025, they
           | left Oakland for Sacramento, and changed their acronym to
           | ATH. The problem is that AI models are trained on 60 years of
           | data where 1. team acronyms are always based on the city,
           | rather than the mascot of the team, and 2. acronyms OAK =
           | Athletics, ATL = Atlanta Braves, and ATH = nothing. As a
           | result, an AI model that doesnt have context "OAK == ATH in
           | the 2025 season" will see ATH in the input data, associates
           | ATH with nothing in it's model, and will then erroneously
           | assume ATH is a typo for ATL.
        
       | dmix wrote:
       | I'm paying for 3 different AI services and our company and most
       | of my team is also paying money for various AI stuff. Sounds like
       | a real industry to me. There's just going to be VC losers as
       | always, where usually "losing" is getting bought by a bigger
       | company or aquihires instead of 100xing or going public.
        
         | RoyTyrell wrote:
         | Those companies are also likely still in the red. They're
         | banking on the hope that one day they will be profitable. I'm
         | sure one of them will be.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | HN said the same thing about Uber forever.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | Uber didn't invent anything, they drove taxis out of
             | business then jacked up the prices, squeezed the workers,
             | and now everybody is riding around in regular people's
             | crappy cars for more than a cab cost. And now I need a
             | phone and to maintain my relationship with these two crappy
             | companies rather than to wave at the street (which is what
             | I used to do to get a ride.)
             | 
             | That was literally what everybody said would happen.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | I think Uber invented (or at least made widely available)
               | taxi-by-app. Having scores of cab companies, accessed by
               | telephone call, was supremely user-hostile.
               | 
               | If the cab companies had gotten together on an app, they
               | might have shortcut Uber and all of its many dubious
               | practices. They finally are starting to but it's much too
               | late.
        
               | taormina wrote:
               | Taxi-by-app existed pre-Uber, the innovation was making
               | the taxi actual show up. Austin had the apps, and I would
               | order one, and the taxis would get distracted on the way
               | to my house and pick up other fares, so I couldn't go
               | where I wanted. They had every chance to not be
               | outcompeted by Uber, but they couldn't stop being taxis.
               | And, here we are.
        
               | zelphirkalt wrote:
               | Not only did taxi by app exist way earlier, it was also
               | wide spread ... in some big countries.
        
               | eastbound wrote:
               | > the innovation was making the taxi actual show up
               | 
               | Uber regularly doesn't show up, just playing with "4...
               | 3... 6... minutes left". I always have to wait half an
               | hour at a certain location, with a message "Just book a
               | few minutes before your trip."
               | 
               | I've had a friend miss his flight because of Uber not
               | showing up!
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | It completely changed an industry. Just because you don't
               | like the current version doesn't mean it wasn't a major
               | innovation. Uber was just the main player in scaling and
               | marketing a new model across the entire globe, which was
               | a huge and costly endeavor.
               | 
               | LLMs have already changed how software can be written and
               | a thousands of other business/consumer usecases, these
               | companies are just battling it out and finding the most
               | profitable niches. It will be a major business for a long
               | time and the technology will mature and plateau pretty
               | quickly. If R&D doesn't scale economically, it will just
               | slow down and existing models will be heavily optimized
               | to be cheaper to run.
               | 
               | The dot com boom resulted in very few real industries and
               | comparing the two is not very useful.
        
               | terminalshort wrote:
               | Uber is way cheaper and better than any cab ever was.
        
               | sillyfluke wrote:
               | From my experience, this is not the case in many european
               | cities. In those places the main benefit seems to be not
               | having to interact with the cab driver.
        
               | culi wrote:
               | You don't talk to your drivers? I've had a lot of
               | genuinely good conversations in my rides. I always at
               | least feel it out and see how much the driver _wants_ to
               | talk but it feels wrong to not say anything
        
               | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
               | Is that still true?
        
               | rjdj377dhabsn wrote:
               | I think you're definitely in the minority. For most of
               | the world, Uber/Grab/Bolt have made transportation
               | cheaper, safer, more convenient, and more comfortable.
        
               | bloomca wrote:
               | Uber definitely screwed the workers and probably existing
               | taxi companies, but for the users it was a huge W, at
               | least in many parts of the world. Taxi companies are
               | notoriously scammy and it seems to be a very universal
               | experience.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Uber didn 't invent anything_
               | 
               | They didn't. They innovated, practically implemented
               | ideas that resulted in the introduction of new goods and
               | services [1]. This is a meaningful difference.
               | 
               | Uber didn't invent anything. But they did pull
               | ridesharing out of a hat.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation
        
               | j4hdufd8 wrote:
               | > rather than to wave at the street (which is what I used
               | to do to get a ride.)
               | 
               | Ummm taxis aren't everywhere like NYC or something.
               | Broadly speaking Uber will pick you up in an arbitrary
               | place and take you anywhere.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | Uber sold something like $50 billion in equity and debt
             | before it went public, and although they're profitable now,
             | to me it doesn't seem like they have answer to Waymo coming
             | up fast in the rear-view mirror. I think Uber is still a
             | scam, just one where the earlier investors fleeced the
             | later ones who are never going to see the returns they paid
             | for.
        
               | tyre wrote:
               | Uber is still >$10bn net negative over its lifetime.
               | Claude estimates about -$19bn.
               | 
               | It's still quite possible that Uber doesn't make that up
               | in the near future.
        
             | TrackerFF wrote:
             | For almost 20 year, Amazon has been the poster child of "A
             | company can be unprofitable for years and still turn out a
             | winner", but of course - not all companies can pivot from
             | being a regular e-commerce company to cloud
             | infrastructure/hosting, and become a money machine.
             | 
             | So the question, at least to me, is how these AI companies
             | will find a product or service that makes them profitable.
             | Other than becoming actual monopolies in their current
             | domains.
        
         | mxschumacher wrote:
         | are you paying them enough to have profitable unit economics?
         | How hard would it be for you to switch from one provider to
         | another?
        
         | themafia wrote:
         | > 3 different AI services
         | 
         | Why three? Will you ever be in a position where one will do it
         | for you?
         | 
         | > and most of my team is also paying money for various AI
         | stuff.
         | 
         | And what are they using it for?
         | 
         | > Sounds like a real industry to me.
         | 
         | Sounds like early adopter syndrome to me. We'd have to know
         | more about your business to take this out of the realm of hazy
         | anecdotes.
        
         | someuser54541 wrote:
         | My team is doing the same, and yet all of us still aren't sure
         | that we're actually more productive overall.
         | 
         | If anything it seems to me like we've just swapped coding with
         | what is effectively a lot more _code review_ (of whatever the
         | LLM spits out), at the cost of also losing that long term
         | understanding of a block of code that actually comes from
         | writing it yourself (let 's not pretend that a reviewer has the
         | same depth of understanding of a piece of code as an author).
        
           | mirekrusin wrote:
           | If you work in a team then you are likely already not writing
           | most of the code yourself.
           | 
           | There will be point where ai will consistently write better
           | prs - you can already start to see it here and there -
           | finding and fixing bugs in existing code, refactoring,
           | writing tests, writing and updating documentation and
           | prototyping are some examples of areas where it often
           | surpasses human contribution.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | Yes there is a very real trade off between labour and
           | capital.
           | 
           | In the past the tradeoff has been very straight forward. But
           | this is a unique situation because it involves knowledge and
           | not just the physicality of the human in regards to
           | productivity.
        
         | qudat wrote:
         | The problem is the hype machine that is claiming it will
         | replace human labor which justifies the insane losses.
         | 
         | These companies are burning cash to support the current
         | formulation of AI services.
         | 
         | These services will survive because they are useful but
         | probably not at its current cost
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | A real industry can be a bubble too. Not every bubble looks
         | like tulips.
         | 
         | For example:
         | 
         | - Dotcom bubble. Of course making website was and is a real
         | industry.
         | 
         | - Japanese real estate bubble. Of course building houses was
         | and still is a real industry. It's so real people call it real
         | estate, right.
        
       | throwaway314155 wrote:
       | He may be right, everything points to that conclusion. My main
       | issue is - why the fuck do we care what Bezos thinks on this
       | matter? His ML efforts all lag behind the competition and he's
       | certainly not an expert in the field of deep learning. Why?
        
       | sudohalt wrote:
       | If you're asking yourself why hasn't the bubble burst when
       | everyone is calling it a bubble it's because no one wants to stop
       | dancing until the music stops. If you told an investor the market
       | will collapse tomorrow with 100% certainty they will invest today
       | like there is 0% certainty of it happening tomorrow.
        
       | harmmonica wrote:
       | Do I have this right that there have been no or at least very few
       | pure AI IPO's during this cycle (I can't actually think of a
       | single one)? So it's dissimilar to dotcom in that regard because
       | during that time countless dotcoms went public with sky-high
       | valuations and then failed. A bunch of reputable companies also
       | went or were already public during that time and those saw huge
       | valuation drops so that's more analogous to what could happen in
       | the _public_ market (NVDA, for instance, could pull a Cisco and
       | drop  "catastrophically," but survive just fine).
       | 
       | That would cause a lot of pain for those shareholders, but would
       | that be somewhat contained given the public "AI" companies for
       | the most part have strong businesses outside of AI? Or are these
       | market caps at this point so large for some of these AI public
       | companies that anything that happens to them will cause some kind
       | of contagion? And then the follow up is if the private AI
       | companies collapse en masse is that market now also so big that
       | it would cause contagion beyond venture capital and their
       | investors (fully aware that pensions and the such are material
       | investors in VC funds, but they're diversified so even though
       | they'd see those losses maybe the broader market would keep them
       | from taking major hits).
       | 
       | Not giving an opinion here, though my knee jerk is to think we're
       | due for a massive drop, but I've literally been saying that for
       | so long that I'm starting to (stupidly) think this time is
       | different (which typically is when all hell breaks loose of
       | course).
        
         | missedthecue wrote:
         | There aren't very many IPOs in general. There were about 8000
         | publicly traded companies in the US in Jan 2000. Today there
         | are about 3950. A lot of the AI related IPOs have been the
         | infra like CoreWeave and Nebius.
        
         | mrosett wrote:
         | IPOs aren't what they once were. The burden of being a public
         | company has increased (SOX and related public company costs are
         | $5-10M/year), so companies are far more likely to stay private.
         | That has created a positive feedback cycle as the private
         | funding ecosystem has become increasingly robust, which is why
         | you see so many $100B+ private companies.
         | 
         | Also keep in mind that the biggest companies during that bubble
         | had peak market caps of ~500B and then lost ~90%, so 400-500B
         | in losses each and total internet related losses of a couple
         | trillion. If NVDA lost 90%, it would be down 4 trillion
         | dollars, or twice that total just by itself.
         | 
         | AI company valuations collapsing would have meaningful impacts
         | on the broader market. Big pension/mutual funds are important
         | sources of capital across every sector, and if they're taking
         | big losses on NVDA, GOOG, and a portfolio of privates, it will
         | have a chilling effect on their other activity.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | The costs are a weak argument. The more stronger argument for
           | why they arent going public any time soon is that OAI in
           | particular is a corporate governance nightmare, in which the
           | way they transmit information about their firm and financials
           | will have to completely change.
           | 
           | Theres also plenty of money washing around in private markets
           | so no need to go public. Staying private is an advantage.
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | This time is always different, until it isn't.
         | 
         | However, it is different from the internet bubble partially for
         | the reason you describe.
         | 
         | There have been a few IPOs, but they perhaps happened earlier
         | in the cycle, or companies are pivoting into AI. I'm thinking
         | companies like Palantir, which was always AI, or Salesforce
         | which is making a big AI pivot.
         | 
         | Most of the funding is not coming from public sectors. There is
         | so much private capital available that it isn't necessary. I
         | believe the bubble is in VC, which some would think is find
         | because it protects public markets from the crash, but I'm not
         | sure that is correct.
         | 
         | When the VC money stops flowing into AI, I think it will send a
         | shockwave through the public markets. The huge valuations of
         | companies like OpenAI, Anthropic, etc will be repriced, which
         | will probably force a re-pricing of public darlings like
         | Palantir, Microsoft, NVIDIA.
         | 
         | If VC funds aren't buying NVIDIA chips and building data
         | centers, everyone will feel the need to re-price.
         | 
         | It's emotional, not logical.
        
           | rhetocj23 wrote:
           | It may be true that OAI et al are raising money in private
           | markets, but does that matter? Ultimately they are still just
           | raising money. Ultimately returns need to show up. You cannot
           | escape that. If you cannot do that nobody will eventually
           | supply the funds to keep operating.
           | 
           | The big advantage of staying private is controlling the
           | narrative.
        
             | pedalpete wrote:
             | Because the comment was specifically pointing out that this
             | doesn't seem like a bubble because there aren't many IPOs
             | or public pure play AI companies.
        
           | Archonical wrote:
           | How was Palantir always AI?
        
           | DebtDeflation wrote:
           | Historically, the worst busts following the bursting of an
           | asset price bubble, in terms of real economic impact, have
           | been from debt fueled bubbles (Great Depression, Global
           | Financial Crisis). You can read Hyman Minsky and Irving
           | Fisher for a detailed analysis of why, but it mainly comes
           | down to the fact that the financial obligations remain once
           | prices and expectations have reset.
           | 
           | Then you have the busts that follow public equity fueled
           | bubbles (Dotcom crash). Nowhere near as bad as the former,
           | but still a moderate impact on the economy due to the widely
           | dispersed nature of the equity holdings and the resulting
           | wealth effect.
           | 
           | What we have now is more of a narrowly held private equity
           | bubble (acknowledging that there's still an impact through
           | the SP500 given widespread index investing). If OpenAI,
           | Anthropic, Perplexity, and a bunch of AI startups go bust,
           | who loses money and what impact does it have on the rest of
           | the economy?
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | there is no way they could raise that much money from public
         | markets.
         | 
         | Also, there s no need to invent new tech names anymore.
         | Marketing can add "AI" to the company name, or (as they say),
         | change the wording from "Loading..." to "Thinking.."
        
       | akagusu wrote:
       | The big question is what "society" he is talking about? Is it the
       | "society" that includes all people, or the "society" that
       | includes only rich people?
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | Which of those did the Internet benefit?
        
           | lomase wrote:
           | Is AI at the same level of global instant comunication and
           | gigabites of bandwidth?
        
             | strombofulous wrote:
             | Does it have to be for the analogy to work?
        
             | lemonlearnings wrote:
             | Probably. The the internet was more clear cut. Moores law
             | all the things. Governments investing in pipe etc.
             | 
             | AI harder to tell. Will 2026 models kick 2025 ass or just
             | be slightly better. Who knows.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Is the average person actually better off after the late 90's
           | internet is probably a harder question than it might seem.
           | 
           | The long tail may be closer to what I want, but the quality
           | is also generally lower. YouTube just doesn't support a team
           | of talented writers, Amazon is mostly filled with junk, etc.
           | 
           | Social media and gig work is a mixed bag. Junk e-mail etc may
           | not be a big deal, but those kinds of downsides do erode the
           | net benefit.
        
             | amscanne wrote:
             | Are you being objective or just romanticizing the past?
             | 
             | Just to use your example: YouTube is _filled_ with talented
             | writers and storytellers, who would have never been able to
             | share their content in the past. *And* the traditional
             | media complex is richer than ever.
             | 
             | I don't think average quality matters. Just what you want
             | to consume.
             | 
             | If anything, I'd be more open to the opposite argument.
             | Media is so much richer and more engaging that it actually
             | makes our lives worse. The quality of the drugs is too
             | high!
        
               | glohbalrob wrote:
               | Media is rich but not in proportion of the thousands of
               | new creators doing very well. An extreme example is
               | playboy vs only fans creators
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | show business and things like it are famously pyramidal
               | in shape. there are decades' worth of people who couldn't
               | make it in previous generations in Los Angeles and New
               | York.
               | 
               | i think what is relatively new is the unaffordability
               | crisis making it so doing such pursuits and not being
               | that successful is no longer a way to make a living on
               | its own.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | I was trying to be objective which is why I didn't try to
               | compare individual shows.
               | 
               | Thus average production quality seems like a useful
               | metric. There's currently a handful of "traditional
               | media/streaming" shows with absolutely crazy budgets
               | today and if you happen to like them then that's great.
               | However, if you don't things quickly fall off a cliff in
               | terms of production quality.
               | 
               | The same is true of YouTube. The quality of 50,000 one
               | man operations is irrelevant if you happen to like
               | MrBeast, but if you don't like MrBeast budgets drop off
               | fast. A reasonable argument is you and everyone else may
               | prefer a specific YouTube cooking show over Baking with
               | Julia or other 90's show with a much her budget, but
               | there where several options to chose from.
               | 
               | Thus purely objectively even if 90's TV had lower maximum
               | budgets the floor being relatively high is worth taking
               | into consideration.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | It's worth noting that due to advances in technology, it
               | is possible to deliver the same show for less money and
               | time.
               | 
               | The average "how to cook on a food network" show was,
               | ultimately, one person in the kitchen of a large home
               | cooking for the camera, produced once a week. There are
               | plenty of people delivering that style of cooking show
               | with high production quality today. Obviously it's not
               | the same because some things are less deliverable with
               | smaller or one-person teams (Miss Piggy is not going to
               | visit some Youtube show the way she visited Martha
               | Stewart) but there are people making this content ranging
               | from big shops like NYT Cooking to smaller outfits like
               | Binging with Babish, Glen and Friends Cooking, etc. and
               | there are even outfits like this dedicated to more niche
               | topics like Tasting History or Emmymade.
        
               | epicureanideal wrote:
               | I'm also a fan of Tasting History. Highly recommended.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | A wide range of things have gotten dramatically cheaper,
               | but that only goes so far.
               | 
               | Many YouTube channels make great use of Zoom calls for
               | example. It's still generally a compromise vs an actual
               | face to face conversation.
               | 
               | Safety is another real concern. People have died doing
               | stuff solo that wouldn't have been particularly dangerous
               | with minimal supervision.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | > it is possible to deliver the same show for less money
               | and time
               | 
               | Do we, though?
               | 
               | I recently learned about the controversial scene "Baby,
               | It's Cold Outside".
               | 
               | Ignoring the content of the scene for a moment, the
               | quality of the choreography stood out to me as something
               | you would _never_ see in a movie today. Certainly not in
               | one take.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | I would say that has more to do with the decline in
               | musicals involving _small_ numbers of people doing
               | choreography, and the current movie system de-
               | prioritizing dance as an important skill. The highest
               | grossing musical movie happened in 2024 with Wicked, and
               | the second half of that movie is probably going to do the
               | same thing next year.
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | I wish this argument would die. We're asking for a better
               | future among futures, not a better future compared to the
               | past.
               | 
               | It's like buying a car, receiving a bike, and then being
               | told, "A bike is great because you don't have to walk
               | anymore." If you feel like that's unfair and the response
               | misses the point, that's how that lands. I don't know
               | who, when hearing that, feels better. It feels out of
               | touch and dismissive.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Does the answer to "is the average person better off"
               | have a lot to do with "how many TV shows are out
               | there"...
               | 
               | or does it have to do with:
               | 
               | - how often their boss bugs them after hours
               | 
               | - how much their boss uses technology to keep an eye on
               | them, their friends, their political views
               | 
               | - how often random strangers might get mad at them and
               | SWAT them, make false claims to their employers, etc
               | 
               | - how often their neighbors are radicalized into shooting
               | up a school
               | 
               | - how hard they find it to talk to a real person to
               | resolve an issue with a company or government service vs
               | being stuck on hold because of downsizing real support
               | staff relative to population size, or with an ai chatbot?
               | 
               | etc?
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | How about "how often a sibling dies because the local
               | medical people don't have access to all of the world's
               | medical information instantly".
               | 
               | Most of the world is not rich people getting swatted by
               | teenagers they're playing call of duty with.
        
               | MangoToupe wrote:
               | Youtube has some marginal value, but I'm not sure
               | "storytellers" bring a materially positive impact (and I
               | reject the "richer" aspect outright). We had libraries in
               | the 90s and they didn't force you to watch ads.
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | You could afford a house in 90s, with a 9-5 job. Today,
               | you would see housing crisis in major metros.
        
               | microtonal wrote:
               | _Media is so much richer and more engaging that it
               | actually makes our lives worse. The quality of the drugs
               | is too high!_
               | 
               | I am not sure it's the quality, it's more that it's
               | optimized for dopamine shots. Heroine is highly
               | addictive, but I think that few people would argue it's a
               | quality drug.
               | 
               | Recently there was a TV item that was filmed (in NL) just
               | before the broad adoption of mobile phones (not
               | smartphones). People looked so much more relaxed and more
               | oriented towards others. I am happy that until my 18th or
               | so mobile phones were not really a thing and that
               | smartphones were not a really a thing until I was 25-27.
               | I was an early adopter of smartphones, but I don't think
               | we realized how addictive and destructive social media +
               | smartphones would become.
               | 
               | The early internet was very cool though. Lots of info to
               | be found. A high percentage of users had their own web
               | page. A lot of it was pretty whacky/playful. Addictive
               | timelines etc. had not been invented yet.
        
               | WhyOhWhyQ wrote:
               | It's really not though. There are a few high quality
               | individual creators, but not many.
        
             | monero-xmr wrote:
             | Undeniably better off in every single way. Minimum is that
             | the price of long distance phone calls is now zero, let
             | alone video calls. Being able to speak to family and see
             | them nonstop is incredible.
        
               | goalieca wrote:
               | And yet, when we are with family and friends, we're on
               | the damn phone!
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Do people actually visit family in-person at least less
               | often? And to the degree they augment rare family in-
               | person visits with a lot of phone calls and/or video
               | calls.
               | 
               | I can believe a lot of friend get togethers IRL have been
               | replaced with video calls. There's a tradeoff. I have a
               | group of older friends and we still get together in-
               | person but Zoom calls are a nice adder.
               | 
               | I'm in a few organizations where we also find Zoom a nice
               | alternative to people schlepping somewhere for an hour
               | meeting that mostly works as well online--and we still
               | have a few physical get-togethers over the course of the
               | year.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Young people are forced to move to wherever job
               | opportunities are due to how hyper optimized the economy
               | has become, so I would say most people spend way less
               | time with family than 30 years ago
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | It's complicated and you can look at a lot of studies.
               | People have always moved where opportunities existed--
               | including across oceans pre-aircraft. Yes, when there
               | were company towns, people moved less.
        
               | Mistletoe wrote:
               | Why are people much less happy then?
               | 
               | https://news.gallup.com/poll/505745/depression-rates-
               | reach-n...
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | I wonder what event started in 2020 that might have
               | caused major social and economic disruption, and could
               | have had that effect. Maybe something that drastically
               | limited peoples social mobility and lead to mass
               | isolation.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | The trend goes back way further than 2020
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | More precisely, Americans are more diagnosed with
               | depression. In the five years prior to COVID it's shown
               | as rising by 3.3 percentage points. Is that surprising?
               | The trend isn't likely to be flat. Also, is this
               | happiness? Also, does a graph starting in 2015 relate to
               | the question about the 90s? Also, do you expect happiness
               | to be driven by having new things, or for people to
               | adjust their expectations and remain constantly unhappy?
               | Isn't _disruption_ the main cause of unhappiness?
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Because they have lost the ability to distinguish
               | correlation from causation?
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | I'm glad I can call my parents to ask them for money for
               | groceries after I was laid off
        
             | UncleOxidant wrote:
             | The political instability that came with social media isn't
             | great, either.
        
               | 7952 wrote:
               | I think in the near term social media can actually have a
               | stabilising effect just because of how much it paralyzes
               | people. It takes emotion and redirects it into something
               | with little real world effect. Whilst most actual power
               | is exercised offline. This sometimes breaks down and the
               | crazy escapes from the internet and reeks havoc. But
               | mostly the geriatrics are left alone to pull the levers
               | of power in relative peace.
        
               | TiredOfLife wrote:
               | Ah yes. The popular ~14000 year stable period disrupted
               | by social media.
        
               | BirAdam wrote:
               | I question this narrative. While social media is
               | certainly having a negative impact, most democratic
               | societies have relatively short life spans historically
               | speaking. There's also a tendency for economies to
               | falter, for irrationality to increase, for birth rates to
               | drop, and so on. It would seem that the same trends
               | (roughly) occur in every democracy as it starts to fail.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Yes. The meta problem is the trend toward "I dont't like
               | X, and I don't like Y, therefore X is causing Y"
               | thinking.
               | 
               | It's always been the reactionary's argument: immigrants
               | cause crime, inter-racial marriage causes poverty, etc,
               | etc.
               | 
               | The real collapse we're seeing is the liberal /
               | progressive adoption of these fallacies. Social media
               | causes fascism (nevermind the absence of social media in
               | previous collapses into fascism), etc.
               | 
               | Many of the people rightfully dismayed by trends are
               | unwittingly contributing to the changes they dislike.
               | 
               | The correct answer to "I think social media leads to
               | fascism" is not "let's ban social media". The correct
               | answer is "let's study the problem and see what science
               | says". Abandoning that is giving up.
        
             | brookst wrote:
             | Expand the thinking to include impact on developing
             | countries, the poor, minority groups who have few people
             | like themselves in their local area, etc.
             | 
             | I'll grant that for comparatively wealthy, privileged
             | people who were always going to have an easy time (which
             | frankly include me), the internet has been a mixed bag.
             | 
             | But for the kids growing up in comparatively poor
             | countries, who can now access all of the world's
             | information, entertainment, and economy.. I think it's a
             | pretty clear win.
             | 
             | I expect AI will be similar: perhaps not a huge boon to the
             | best off, but a substantial improvement for most people in
             | the world. Even if we can sit back and say "oh, but they
             | also get misinformation and lower quality YouTube content"
        
           | gyomu wrote:
           | Would you rather be a 22 year old starting in life in 2025 or
           | 1995? Unless you pick one of the few countries that underwent
           | a drastic change of regime in that time, the answer's pretty
           | clear to me.
        
             | anonzzzies wrote:
             | 1995 (and I was 22 in 1995)
        
             | naijaboiler wrote:
             | Ib the US, 1995 by far!!!
        
             | jfyi wrote:
             | Given my skillset at age 22? Yeah, I'll take 1995. I was
             | old enough to grow up hearing how great the world was going
             | to be if I learned computer programming just to enter the
             | job force at the start of the dotcom bubble burst. 1995
             | would have been a major upgrade.
             | 
             | Also, knocking that almost decade off my birthday would
             | assure that I spent most of my adult life with the luxury
             | of thinking that energy didn't have negative externalities
             | that were being forced on later generations.
             | 
             | We had Chomsky-esq "any major world power is kind of
             | fascist if you think about it" instead of literal talk by
             | politicians about putting people in camps if they don't
             | like your diet or country of origin.
             | 
             | TV was pretty bad I guess but music was great and I read
             | more back then.
             | 
             | There was a lot of huffing and puffing about gang violence.
             | I grew up on the street the local gang named themselves
             | after and it only marginally touched my life at all.
             | 
             | Housing was dirt cheap, food was dirt cheap, gas was dirt
             | cheap. There was undeveloped land everywhere around the
             | city I live in and it gave a general sense of potential.
             | 
             | What exactly was so bad about the 90's?
        
               | StackRanker3000 wrote:
               | Yes, the US was in a particularly prosperous and exciting
               | period compared to much of the rest of the world in 1995.
               | If you're, say, Chinese, chances are you find life in
               | 2025 much more appealing
               | 
               | Overall, life is better in 2025 for the vast majority of
               | humans. Life expectancy, child mortality, health (despite
               | the obesity epidemic, which is a result of an abundance
               | that has eliminated hunger and food insecurity from large
               | swathes of the globe), purchasing power, access to
               | technology and entertainment, etc, etc...
               | 
               | That some people in the US are feeling disillusioned
               | because housing has become more unaffordable (partly
               | because of regulations and technological advancements
               | that have improved their quality and safety) and that
               | they don't have the same incredible economic trajectory
               | as the preceding generations, especially since WWII,
               | doesn't negate that. A run like that can't last forever,
               | especially since it to a large extent depends on having a
               | relative advantage over the rest of the world - at some
               | point, they'll start to catch up
               | 
               | Much of the same dynamics apply to Europe, too
        
         | bko wrote:
         | ChatGPT currently has
         | 
         | ~ 120 to 190 million daily active users
         | 
         | ~ 800 million weekly active users
         | 
         | ~ 450 million to over 800 million depending on the data source
         | and methodology.
         | 
         | Get a grip. Hundreds of millions of people are using it, most
         | of them for free. I would say "society" has benefited.
         | 
         | This has to be peak HN.
         | 
         | Create the fastest growing consumer product in history.
         | 
         | HN anon: yes, but who will benefit?
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | Facebook has more. Was it a benefit? Does the benefit
           | outweigh the harms?
        
             | bko wrote:
             | Yes, Facebook is a benefit. Among other things, it gave me
             | React which much of the modern web is built on, and React
             | Native, PyTorch, GraphQL, Cassandra, Presto, and RocksDB
             | just to name a few.
             | 
             | The question is, what are billions of people doing on
             | Facebook if it's harmful? I don't know. My daycare sends me
             | updates, my barbershop tells me when they're closing and I
             | used it to sell my fridge.
             | 
             | This hole Facebook irrational hate is ridiculously
             | overblown. It's an app, and compared to things like TikTok
             | that is essentially a Chinese psy-op, it's really a great
             | product.
        
               | danielheath wrote:
               | > The question is, what are billions of people doing on
               | Facebook if it's harmful?
               | 
               | Perhaps _you_ don't know.
               | 
               | It's quite notorious for being the place to organise the
               | genocide over in Myanmar.
               | 
               | IMO, that should disqualify every executive or engineer
               | who knew (and did nothing) from ever again being involved
               | with widely-used infrastructure.
        
               | uncomputation wrote:
               | > what are billions of people doing on Facebook if it's
               | harmful? I don't know.
               | 
               | This is extremely naive and akin to asking "why do people
               | drink if it's bad for you then??" Popular != healthy
        
               | rafaelero wrote:
               | Tbh, it's not clear that if we all stopped drinking the
               | world would be better.
        
               | gtowey wrote:
               | Yeah, and maybe it would be better still if we all tried
               | heroin!
        
               | Foxhuls wrote:
               | Are you legitimately trying to compare alcohol to heroin?
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | I think they are legitimately mocking the notion that we
               | wouldn't all be better off without alcohol.
        
               | gloosx wrote:
               | I don't want to spoil anything for you, but ethanol is
               | actually a very reactive molecule -- and in some ways, it
               | acts similarly to opioids like heroin. It, among other
               | things, stimulates endogenous opioid pathways, leading to
               | the release of b-endorphins and activation of mu-opioid
               | receptors. So, alcohol works indirectly, heroin directly
               | - but both enhance opioid signalling. If you're curious,
               | this study explains it really well:
               | 
               | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3728478/
        
               | rafaelero wrote:
               | Food can also indirectly enhance opioid signaling. What's
               | your point?
        
               | gloosx wrote:
               | Food activates it within normal biological limits,
               | alcohol and heroin artificially push the same system far
               | beyond normal range, forcing the brain to compensate by
               | downregulating receptors or reducing endogenous opioid
               | production, so it's totally legit to compare alcohol to
               | heroin
        
               | tbossanova wrote:
               | Oh it definitely would
        
               | keanb wrote:
               | Hard disagree.
        
               | bko wrote:
               | I think it's incredibly naive and arrogant to tell
               | billions of people who use a product through their own
               | free will "ackchyually its really bad and you should
               | stop".
               | 
               | Almost everyone would give you a response similar to
               | mine. They use it because its easy way to plan events
               | since so many people are on it, or a small business can
               | easily create a website, sell something or just kill some
               | time on the can.
               | 
               | Give it a rest.
        
               | kovac wrote:
               | > My daycare sends me updates, my barbershop tells me
               | when they're closing and I used it to sell my fridge.
               | 
               | To consider the other side of this, read "The age of
               | surveillance capitalism" by Shoshana Zuboff (really read
               | it though, not chatgpt the summary :).
               | 
               | All the benefits you mentioned are real. But, at what
               | cost and could we have reaped the same benefits without
               | surrendering all agency to those who can't be held
               | accountable?
        
               | bko wrote:
               | What are the costs? Seems like a huge benefit to me
               | considering the alternative would be... I don't know. No
               | updates? Maybe some shitty custom app that would 100% for
               | sure have worse data security and privacy rights than
               | something like Facebook?
               | 
               | Everyone's talking vaguely about the costs but no one
               | actually makes a concrete case, where I made a concrete
               | case of the benefits.
        
               | an0malous wrote:
               | > Yes, Facebook is a benefit. Among other things, it gave
               | me React
               | 
               | No, _this_ is peak HN
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | It's hard to believe this is not a rage bait AI comment
               | given the last paragraph.
               | 
               | Both are terrible for society but I use facebook tools so
               | Chinese app bad, USA app good i guess? Is that what
               | you're trying to say?
        
               | weregiraffe wrote:
               | >much of the modern web is built on,
               | 
               | Was modern web a benefit?
        
               | weregiraffe wrote:
               | >The question is, what are billions of people doing on
               | Facebook if it's harmful?
               | 
               | Why do everyone get sick and eventually die if it's
               | harmful?
        
               | bko wrote:
               | It's amazing how much leftist discourse is just them
               | pretending not to understand things, thus making
               | discourse impossible.
        
             | grafmax wrote:
             | Facebook and many of these other VC companies have worked
             | by building a moat through network effects by burning money
             | to build something free and awesome. Then once you HAVE the
             | network effect then it becomes hard to leave. Your history
             | is on there, people know you through it, your friends and
             | family are there; are you really going to leave? That's
             | when Facebook starts turning the screws. Ads. Manipulative
             | algorithms. Polarizating recommendation algorithms. Social
             | isolation. Making deals with dictatorships. Censorship of
             | the worst crimes humanity can commit against itself
             | (genocide).
             | 
             | Why? They are making money through all of it. It's called
             | rent extraction. You OWN something valuable. You no longer
             | have to produce something of value. You can just charge
             | people money for what you own. Rent. It's various forms of
             | rent. Sucking out money and souls into it. One of countless
             | ways we're leeched on by these companies and their
             | billionaire owners.
             | 
             | Do the benefits outweigh the harms? Facebook and the VC
             | playbook is boiling a frog and we are the frog.
        
           | genghisjahn wrote:
           | It's fast because there already gobs of people on the
           | internet because of all the other products that came before.
           | Facebook didn't grow as fast because there weren't as many
           | people on line then. Gmail didn't grow as fast because there
           | weren't as many people online then.
        
           | platevoltage wrote:
           | I use it for free, and when it stops being free, I will stop
           | using it.
        
         | javierluraschi wrote:
         | It will benefit all people but it will disproportionally
         | benefit more rich people.
        
           | bluefirebrand wrote:
           | And we're not talking a 51-49 disproportion, we're talking
           | about a 99.9999 percent of the benefit will go to the richest
           | people
        
             | twoodfin wrote:
             | How so?
        
               | irjustin wrote:
               | Thought experiment - Startrek replicators are real.
               | 
               | This basically means almost everything can be built
               | without human involvement. The guy who owns the
               | replicators is the richest.
               | 
               | The wealth gap is so massive you get revolts (because
               | we're educated, not serfs, right?) So then government
               | needs to step in. Either tax->ubi?, socialize it, or make
               | it a state asset?
               | 
               | Regardless, that's the goal of AGI/robotics/etc.
        
               | twoodfin wrote:
               | But these aren't replicators owned by a monopolist. There
               | are a number of highly funded, highly competitive vendors
               | at every level of the stack.
        
               | moralestapia wrote:
               | Sure, but you're not one of them.
        
               | rogerrogerr wrote:
               | Sure, but who do they sell stuff to if no one has a job?
               | We're on the brink of some _very_ unexplored branches of
               | human behavior.
        
               | ok_dad wrote:
               | Imagine a few billionaires pay big bucks to keep AGI to
               | themselves and let the rest of us die on the vine.
        
               | rogerrogerr wrote:
               | Okay, but why would we die on the vine? Wouldn't we
               | just... make a parallel economy without the AGI? The
               | world works today without AGI.
        
               | lemonlearnings wrote:
               | Parallel economies are banned. Try making a new currency
               | in the US.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Economies can work without currencies. It's a little
               | inconvenient, but bartering/trading goods for services
               | was common in the depression when nobody had any cash.
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | Interestingly, new ad-hoc currencies pop up all over in
               | times like that:
               | 
               | https://www.armstrongeconomics.com/history/europes-
               | economic-...
               | 
               | https://collectingpapermoney.spmc.org/wiki/Scrip_Issued_d
               | uri...
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | Printing money is lucrative for the printer so any time
               | it might get even a little bit useful and feasible for
               | other parties somebody will start printing.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | Did we just ignore the last fifteen years of crypto?
        
               | lemonlearnings wrote:
               | No I had the speculative ponzi front of mind when making
               | that comment.
               | 
               | Governments love crypto because it lets you seize lots of
               | money from criminals across borders. And it is legal
               | gambling where you can tax the winnings without
               | reimbursing the losers (unless they can offset it but
               | most probably can not)
        
               | AngryData wrote:
               | Or use any of the wonders of military technology invented
               | in the last 200 years to take back society. These fuckers
               | have lived in prosperity for so long that they don't even
               | think it is possible. But so many people throughout
               | history thought they were untouchable until the masses
               | decided they had enough of their shit. Kings with
               | professional armies, full plate knights, men with
               | cannons, mens with guns, machine guns, bombs, planes,
               | tanks, helicopters, and yet at the end of the day when
               | enough random people are pissed off enough the mass of
               | people with nothing to lose are the ones who "win" in the
               | end with the powerful dead or hiding.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | When unrest happens the military sides with the ones that
               | give better hopes of keeping the stream of money that
               | funds the army flowing.
               | 
               | It sides with the poor only if the powerful (gov) are
               | hopelessly inept at gathering money. If there's a chance
               | that current civilian power can reform and keep
               | collecting the money from the people and funding the army
               | then the army sides with them and help quell the
               | rebellion.
               | 
               | Those who hold kinetic power will never side with poor
               | against the rich.
        
               | SJC_Hacker wrote:
               | Not always .. see the peasants revolt of 1381, French
               | Revolution in 1789-1793, Bolshevik Revolution in 1917,
               | etc.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Okay, but why would we die on the vine? Wouldn't we
               | just... make a parallel economy without the AGI? The
               | world works today without AGI.
               | 
               | Because you need things they want. Like why would they
               | spare the electricity to heat your home, when it could go
               | to "better" use powering a few dozen GPUs serving a
               | billionaire? Why would they spare the land for you to
               | grow food, when they could use it to build ziggurats
               | dedicated to their power (or whatever else is their
               | whim)?
               | 
               | The market sends the scarce resources to those with the
               | most money.
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | What is the fantasy AGI supposed to be that's so great
               | for billionaires to have? A human baby is an <s>A</s>GI,
               | it won't tell you the Ultimate Answer, or even a
               | penultimate one, because it has no way to know.
               | 
               | No, seriously, what? You think an AGI is going to be a
               | willing slave and endowed with special knowledge? Where
               | does either part of that come from?
        
               | irjustin wrote:
               | This is why revolts happen.
               | 
               | If you scratch under the hood of UBI, it's a mechanism to
               | keep revolutions at bay. The balance of tax the ultra
               | wealthy vs giving people enough to "live comfortably" is
               | always the job of governance.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | > If you scratch under the hood of UBI, it's a mechanism
               | to keep revolutions at bay.
               | 
               | It's also putting money in the hands of the consumers so
               | the rich can compete between themselves at how much each
               | can scoop back up.
               | 
               | Something like feeding animals in the forest to compete
               | with your friends at who can hunt better.
               | 
               | When poor have nothing then you have to shift to taking
               | money of the other rich, but they are clever, so it's
               | easier to take a little bit from the hands of all rich
               | equally, give that money to the poor and reduce the new
               | problem to the old one, how to extract as much as you can
               | from the poor.
        
               | dinkumthinkum wrote:
               | The first sentence is definitely. But, UBI is a
               | nerd/socialist fantasy. It would nevet work and will
               | never happen. Everyone with these sci-fi fever dreams of
               | what will happen if AI collapses white collar jobs are
               | coming from people that don't know how the world or
               | people actually work outside of their daydreams. People
               | aren't going to just be like "ok, well I guess it's time
               | for bread and water and Soviet style tenement housing,
               | all this progress in livings was great while it lasted."
               | And other people are talking about using batteries for
               | money or something. People need to touch grass.
        
               | lemonlearnings wrote:
               | Bots. Agentic consumers.
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | That's the key. The poor are useful to business so long
               | as they are a source of money and power. What happens if
               | the time comes that the poor have nothing the rich want?
        
               | tbossanova wrote:
               | Oh, the rich will be very happy wielding sadistic power
               | over the poor
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | Historically in this case eventually the poor kill the
               | rich
               | 
               | Probably not this time though
        
               | 64718283661 wrote:
               | If they killed the poor, then how can they enjoy their
               | power over people?
        
               | balamatom wrote:
               | They'll just make some more poor to kill.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | It's strange that socialists seem more concerned with
               | their material possessions than anyone else.
        
               | Lio wrote:
               | I guess that's why Larry, Zuck and Thiel, et al want
               | constant recording of the plebs, so that 'citizens will
               | be on their best behaviour'.
               | 
               | This time there will be no revolution but it will be
               | televised. :P
        
               | Buttons840 wrote:
               | I mean, eventually like 1 person is going to have more
               | wealth than 60% of the nation combined. At that point,
               | why even bother trying to earn customers or appeal to the
               | lower half when you can instead curry favor with that 1
               | person.
        
               | delusional wrote:
               | The poor will always have the only thing the rich want.
               | Labor. Without labor Trump cannot slather the white house
               | in gold. Without labor Zuck cannot smoke meats. Without
               | labor Musk cannot troll people on X.
               | 
               | The rich do not want anything you have, they want you.
               | Body and soul.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Robots can take most of the jobs, but the feeling of
               | power over other humans they likely cannot replace.
        
               | delusional wrote:
               | > Robots can take most of the jobs
               | 
               | Not in our lifetimes and certainly not in our form of
               | society. Robots will only drive down the price of labor.
               | People will always be able to supply labor at costs below
               | the price of materials for robots.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | " People will always be able to supply labor at costs
               | below the price of materials for robots."
               | 
               | Why? What critical materials do robots need that will
               | always be more expansive than raising a human?
               | 
               | Also, from the point of "the rich" - the benefit of a
               | robot is, that it will (stupidly) do as command, unlike a
               | human. They don't have a family they want to take care
               | first.
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | They will always want entertainment.
               | 
               | Whether it's gladiators or bum fights, the poor will
               | ultimately be given a job. Robot wars was fun, but UFC
               | has stayed.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | The rich will need play things. Think Westworld, but with
               | real people.
        
               | intended wrote:
               | This is very explored - it was the state of humanity for
               | most of its existence. The few had resources, the many
               | were poor.
        
               | Fricken wrote:
               | For most of humanity's existence nobody was poor because
               | there was no such thing as money.
        
               | zo1 wrote:
               | We're nearly-there. The _humans_ then become the capital
               | /resource to be acquired, not money.
               | 
               | That's why every country is somehow chasing that elusive
               | "population growth". It creates more "things" to own,
               | whether that be money by virtue of more people creating
               | more money through economic activity or simply more
               | people to claim as "yours" (for the elites/leaders).
        
               | rogerrogerr wrote:
               | If you can make many replicators, money stops making much
               | sense. You probably end up with energy (if these devices
               | take a lot of energy to operate) as the new currency.
               | 
               | My gut says that _somehow_ the middle class will get
               | screwed as always, but I struggle to articulate the way
               | that abundant cheap goods lead to that outcome.
               | 
               | Maybe because the very few that control the replicators
               | will be able to cut people they don't like out of
               | partaking from them? That'd make some sense.
               | 
               | If replicators were replicatable, that control evaporates
               | quickly. Remember how nervous we all were about LLM
               | censorship, then suddenly a $2000 MacBook Pro could run
               | pretty great open source models that seem a few months
               | behind SOTA?
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | But energy is essentially free also, at least on the
               | margin, and if we're talking about sunlight.
        
               | petre wrote:
               | Sure. And AI will only run at peak solar times.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Did you know, that there is always a place on earth
               | enjoying peak solar time right now?
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | What does it mean in practice to have energy instead of
               | money as currency?
               | 
               | People would still want to be able to trade with lower
               | friction than lugging batteries around, so don't you just
               | re-invent money on top of it? orrrrrr just keep having
               | the current money around the whole time?
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | The general limiting factor with the "one person controls
               | the replicators, only they have income" idea is that they
               | would rapidly lose that income because nobody else would
               | have anything to trade them anymore. (If you toss in the
               | AI/robotic dream scenario, they don't even need humans to
               | manage the raw material.) But then does that turn into
               | famine and mass-die-off, or Star Trek utopia?
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > But then does that turn into famine and mass-die-off
               | 
               | Probably extremely bloody revolt and collapse
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Only if you assume people's major motivation is wanting
               | what they don't have, as opposed to wanting a little more
               | to survive. History shows the opposite.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > History shows the opposite.
               | 
               | I strongly disagree, everything I know about history
               | points the other way
               | 
               | Human history is littered with "people's major motivation
               | is wanting what they don't have"
               | 
               | Look at the conflicts happening right now in Ukraine, or
               | Israel
               | 
               | Come on, be serious
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | > What does it mean in practice to have energy instead of
               | money as currency?
               | 
               | Something like Bitcoin. When the progress in miners
               | efficiency stalls any kWh of energy not used for
               | something else will be used to make some amount of
               | bitcoins. If you have energy you can make btc. If you
               | have btc you can give your btc to someone in exchange for
               | their energy so that they give you their energy, instead
               | of using it to mine bitcoins themselves.
        
               | UltraSane wrote:
               | That just seems very wasteful when proof-of-stake works.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Or even good old centralised distributed systems that do
               | it another 4 to 6 orders of magnitude more efficiently
               | than PoS.
        
               | motorest wrote:
               | > If you can make many replicators, money stops making
               | much sense. You probably end up with energy (if these
               | devices take a lot of energy to operate) as the new
               | currency.
               | 
               | If you can make many replicators, you certainly won't be
               | providing them to anyone else. You'd be using them to
               | ensure that money starts funneling into your revenue
               | stream, and use that as a cash cow to pursue other
               | projects.
        
               | simonh wrote:
               | That's only a temporary possibility, once the tech gets
               | out everyone will have replicators.
        
               | card_zero wrote:
               | What are they replicating? Patented things, copyrighted
               | things? Or groceries? Do they _want_ to replicate things?
               | In Star Trek, they travel light, wear uniforms, and have
               | few personal possessions, because they 're _on a ship, in
               | the navy._ That 's why everything has to be digital and
               | everybody stuffs their life inside a phonecorder and
               | drinks synthale. When he's back on earth, Picard has a
               | horse. I could be wrong but I don't think he replicated
               | it.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Just like everyone owns factories today
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > I struggle to articulate the way that abundant cheap
               | goods lead to that outcome.
               | 
               | It has nothing to do with how cheap the goods are
               | 
               | The problem is that at some point people won't be able to
               | afford literally anything because all, and I mean
               | literally all, of the wealth will be hyper concentrated
               | in a super small percentage of the population
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Do you have anything to support this hypothesis?
        
               | neel8986 wrote:
               | Simple hypothesis. Top 5percent of US wealth now belongs
               | to top 50 richest American. Even if you ignore
               | corruption, lobbying and any ill intent you can
               | definitely conclude that this top 50 individuals have
               | better way of getting return from money than rest of the
               | population. Even if if their delta of return is 5% we can
               | assume that withing next 50 years there is a high
               | probability that these guys will own 30-50% of wealth. I
               | have a strong belive AI will acclerate that further.
        
               | prewett wrote:
               | But all your numbers (except maybe top 5% one) are
               | completely made up. Strong beliefs don't prevent one from
               | being completely wrong. Neville Chamberlain has a strong
               | belief that he had ensured peace; Einstein had a strong
               | belief that quantum theory's "spooky action at a
               | distance" was incorrect. Both were wrong. Fifty years is
               | a long time, and anything could happen. The last fifty
               | years had the fall of Communism, the EU, China going from
               | an impoverished countryside to a superpower, video phones
               | in our pocket, social media upending communication and
               | mental health, renewable energy displacing coal, Trump,
               | etc.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Not to mention that 50% of US wealth is only 15% of the
               | world's total wealth - a far cry from "literally all
               | wealth"
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | https://delong.typepad.com/plutonomy-1.pdf
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Link's broken.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20250126183923/https://delong
               | .ty...
               | 
               | This should work
        
               | intended wrote:
               | IMO - Money will NEVER stops making sense.
               | 
               | Money is a cheap way to translate unlike objects. Cows to
               | art, labor to goods. Green to triangle.
               | 
               | Money (or something) will always exist, because it is a
               | needed lubricant for transactions.
        
               | Quekid5 wrote:
               | In a word: it's fungible[0].
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungibility
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | > Money (or something) will always exist, because it is a
               | needed lubricant for transactions.
               | 
               | So it's only useful for as long as you have the need for
               | transactions.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > So it's only useful for as long as you have the need
               | for transactions
               | 
               | Which you will always have some need for, because
               | resources aren't infinite, real estate isn't infinite,
               | services aren't infinite, etc
        
               | delusional wrote:
               | > Remember how nervous we all were about LLM censorship
               | 
               | You're taking the wrong lesson from that observation.
               | Models that people actually use are just as censored now
               | as they ever were. What changed was the the hysterical
               | anti-censorship babies realized that it's not that big of
               | a problem, at least acutely.
        
               | x______________ wrote:
               | You probably end up with energy (if these devices take a
               | lot of energy to operate) as the new currency.
               | 
               | So what's stopping you from replicating a power source
               | and battery?
               | 
               | Seems analogous to LLM's: replicators replicate but do
               | not create. Information would then seem to the proper
               | choice for a new currency..
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | > If you can make many replicators, money stops making
               | much sense.
               | 
               | There are many, many, many, many positional goods.
               | Beachfront properties, original art, historical
               | artifacts, elite clubs, limited edition luxury goods, top
               | restaurants, etc.
               | 
               | The notion that we'd all live happily and contentedly
               | without money if only we had some more iPhones and other
               | goods produced by replicators strikes me as false.
               | 
               | Remember that Keynes predicted about a century ago that
               | 100 years thence (in other words, now) everyone would
               | just work 10 hours a week at most, and the biggest
               | challenge would be to avoid boredom? He predicted
               | productivity growth accurate enough, but assumed that
               | people would have enough with 4x, 5x as much as they had
               | back then while simultaneously working 4x, 5x less.
               | Instead, people opted to work just as much and consume
               | 16x as much.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Yeah, but which tech has not had a homegrown variant that
               | ultimately democratized it? Makes me think of the "feed"
               | vs the "seed" in "The Diamond Age".
        
               | 7952 wrote:
               | Ultimately labour goes and works on something else
               | instead. And the availability of free labour makes that
               | possible. New industries and markets develop as a result.
               | But a huge number of people will be left behind. But
               | people will focus on things that were a lower priority
               | before.
        
               | forgetfreeman wrote:
               | I have bad news for you, we've run out of sectors to
               | pretend labor could be funneled towards. Manufacturing
               | and agriculture are highly automated, service industry is
               | full tf up, and nobody can afford more construction.
        
               | 7952 wrote:
               | What about medical, elder care, fitness, leisure. Even
               | service industries that focus on a more human connection.
               | Or jobs focused on nature, the environment etc.
               | 
               | And i don't think this would nbe an easy process or
               | something that could or would be managed. But it is
               | probably already happening.
        
               | jfyi wrote:
               | The world of Star Trek was fully post scarcity. Rich/poor
               | were not things that existed.
               | 
               | They had to get through this before things got better:
               | https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Bell_Riots
        
               | jobigoud wrote:
               | > The wealth gap is so massive you get revolts
               | 
               | This never happens. It's not the relative wealth gap that
               | creates revolts it's the poverty/bad conditions in
               | absolute terms.
               | 
               | If the lower class conditions improve, even just a little
               | bit, there is no revolt.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | Continuing current trends presumably.
        
             | flanked-evergl wrote:
             | Cite?
        
               | lightedman wrote:
               | The entirety of human history.
        
           | palmotea wrote:
           | > It will benefit all people but it will disproportionally
           | benefit more rich people.
           | 
           | Yes: you'll be homeless and living under a bridge, but you'll
           | have an LLM therapist on your phone to console you. That's a
           | benefit!
        
             | Gud wrote:
             | Doubtful. More likely that there will be robocops to stop
             | you from loitering in the scenic places.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | For sure, but most bridges aren't in scenic places and
               | robocops will still be limited in numbers, so no worries,
               | just ask your LLM assistance in case of doubt under which
               | bridge you won't get evicted from. Altough, that would
               | probably be illegal advice, but they can try to help you
               | with therapy should you end up in such a situation. Not
               | the top model of course, but hey, it is a benefit.
        
               | balamatom wrote:
               | >robocops will still be limited in numbers
               | 
               | The population of developed countries is _already_ at
               | least 75% robocops
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Erm, what qualifies as a robocop to you?
        
             | stinkbeetle wrote:
             | No they don't want that, because it could lead to an
             | uprising against them. They want us provided with the
             | essentials in exchange for being dutiful workers, so we
             | have something to lose.
             | 
             | Everyone should live in pods stacked together, eat insects,
             | not drive our own automobiles around or fly places, we
             | should be able to get our entertainment and everything to
             | keep ourselves happy from their subscription entertainment
             | services. Basically we are to consume as little as possible
             | to barely keep ourselves alive and sane while they sail
             | themselves around to pat one another on the backs at their
             | climate and economic conferences on their billion dollar
             | luxury yachts.
             | 
             | Actually no that would be stupid they don't have the time
             | or patience to sail their yachts around. They have crew for
             | that. They will fly in one of their handful of private jets
             | and have the yacht meet them there.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | That would be https://marshallbrain.com/manna
        
               | akk0 wrote:
               | I'd actually love to eat insects but to my dismay I found
               | out they're actually really expensive...
        
               | pokstad wrote:
               | Soylent green will be affordable when the baby boomers
               | start passing.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Just go outside for a while with a survival book if you
               | are into it.
        
               | akimbostrawman wrote:
               | don't forget the dismantling of the local community and
               | family identity to make people reliant on the government
               | preventing resistance by division.
        
               | kakacik wrote:
               | People do this to themselves and willingly, no spooky
               | evil capitalists behind the curtains are necessary.
               | 
               | People love money and what they can bring on the table,
               | people often hate each other ie within families stiffed
               | by peer pressure and expectations of mentalities formed
               | in another very different era, people love discovering
               | new countries and cultures. And so on and on.
               | 
               | Ie me - I love my parents, my childhood was normal, only
               | later to find and compare with others to see how such
               | childhood was... abnormally uncommon. But I very much
               | prefer seeing them few times a year only, even though we
               | love when they help with kids. Some of their opinions are
               | very outdated, their ramblings are often out of touch
               | with reality, they tend sometimes to spoil kids (even
               | after setting boundaries), and overall generational gap
               | is absolutely massive. It is a form of freedom. Make that
               | 10x more in much more strict societies where pressure and
               | expectations from parents on kids are massive and then
               | they wonder why kids stay the heck away from them once
               | adults.
               | 
               | And fuck local communities, for every good-hearted
               | neighbor who just wants to socialize and help out and
               | otherwise stays away from one's life, there is easily 5
               | or 10 who are the epitome of nimbyism, voyeurism or
               | similar hobbies of people with empty lives, clueless on
               | how world and people actually work but always with very
               | strong opinions on everything and will to push those on
               | everybody else.
        
               | garte wrote:
               | the last bit is only true under individualised
               | consumerism. its when everybody is like a spoiled child
               | is where solidarity goes to die.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | But kids in those strict societies stay with parents
               | more, help them and treat them better.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, you dont care about them except for them being
               | potential resource of free work.
               | 
               | And I mean, you idea of local comunity is all about other
               | people doing free work for you and then tolerating your
               | peculiarities with no reciprocation.
               | 
               | So, I dont think that is much of an argument here.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > And I mean, you idea of local comunity is all about
               | other people doing free work for you and then tolerating
               | your peculiarities with no reciprocation.
               | 
               | When it seems to you like everyone around you is the
               | problem, you may actually be the problem.
        
               | kakacik wrote:
               | Maybe I phrased wrongly (not a native speaker) but what
               | you say is incorrect. I am not free coasting on parents,
               | in contrary my first years all my earning went into
               | providing them a good home for rest of their lives, while
               | living in tiny rental rooms. You have no idea from sort
               | of poor background I come from, most western kids have no
               | clue. It was a massive improvement of QoL for them that
               | they would never be able to afford themselves and they
               | still appreciate it massively. Since we live 1500km from
               | them they help with kids literally few hours per year,
               | not a burden for anybody involved.
               | 
               | But freedom to chose with whom we spend our time is a
               | thing, no matter how much people like you try to force
               | their righteous values that are the only proper true way
               | (TM) on everybody else. I am old enough and over time met
               | plenty of folks like that, be it religious or other
               | forms, they are at the end the same as your comment.
        
               | azan_ wrote:
               | > Everyone should live in pods stacked together, eat
               | insects, not drive our own automobiles around or fly
               | places, we should be able to get our entertainment and
               | everything to keep ourselves happy from their
               | subscription entertainment services.
               | 
               | Yes of course capitalists love when economy is bad.
               | Sorry, these dystopic visions do not pass even simplest
               | smell test.
        
               | grafmax wrote:
               | It's less complicated than that. Externalities are when
               | an individual profits but others pay the price. Think of
               | climate change. And when a small number are so rich they
               | control the government, so there's nothing to stop them.
               | It's narrow incentives driving the whole thing.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | They love it when the richest people do well. They dont
               | care about how anyone else lives. The poorer other people
               | are better they feel about winning.
               | 
               | Those you call "capitalists" love monopolies as long as
               | they are theirs. They love captured market. They dont
               | care about competition unless it is someone not them
               | competing to provide for them on lower price.
               | 
               | As of now, billionaires dont want or need strong economy
               | as a "middle class and lower class doing good". They want
               | the "our wealth goes up, we are getting tax breaks, if
               | lower class pays for it cool" kind of economy.
        
               | gaindustries wrote:
               | The poorer people are that are still able to work, the
               | cheaper labor is. It's really that simple.
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | At that stage, owners will very likely have enough drones
               | and robots at their command to not need to worry about
               | petty things like flesh and blood uprisings.
        
               | blks wrote:
               | How will they steal added value and get richer if masses
               | consume as little as possible?
        
               | csomar wrote:
               | All the value will be diverted. I don't know if you
               | noticed, but in the last few years, you'd have come ahead
               | if you gambled on the stock, crypto or commodities market
               | than if you busted your ass.
        
             | fhdkweig wrote:
             | It can even help you learn to tie a noose.
             | 
             | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=chatbot+suicide
             | 
             | 14-year-old Sewell Setzer III
             | https://apnews.com/article/chatbot-ai-lawsuit-suicide-
             | teen-a...
             | 
             | 16-year-old Adam Raine https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-
             | health-news/2025/09/19/nx...
        
             | designerarvid wrote:
             | Every strata of society has been getting richer and richer
             | along with technological progress. What makes you think
             | that would change now?
        
             | sspiff wrote:
             | For just $19.99/mo no doubt.
        
               | pRusya wrote:
               | And covered by universal basic income.
        
           | aborsy wrote:
           | Not necessarily. The benefits may barely trickle down, and
           | the conditions for the majority could degrade overall.
        
             | daniel_iversen wrote:
             | Yeah it's a complicated picture and of course nobody knows,
             | but it would be helpful to split "benefits" into things
             | like;
             | 
             | - net benefits to the average person (considering
             | drawbacks)
             | 
             | - overall relative benefits compared to income groups
             | 
             | - benefits in certain areas of society and topics
             | 
             | I think there'll be some "benefits for all" in terms of
             | things like medical advances and health technology. There
             | will also be broader benefits to all in general areas but
             | as a parent poster said it'll benefit equity holders most
             | and there might be some bad tradeoffs (like we'll have
             | access to much better information and entertainment but it
             | may also affect the overall employment rate). It's a very
             | nuanced picture and it's probably disingenuous of some tech
             | leaders to say "we'll all benefit) but some do believe that
             | will be the future.
        
             | simianwords wrote:
             | Based on what evidence? The last few times this happened
             | the whole world benefitted.
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | Based on extensive academic research on trickle-down
               | economics, in particular looking into the evolution of
               | real wages of different sectors of population, since
               | 1980s.
               | 
               | See the work of recent Nobel prize laureates in
               | economics. Many argue for redistribution and investment
               | back to the society.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | But the past few revolutions benefitted everyone and we
               | are better off. Look at industrial revolution, digital
               | revolution. Why do you think it is different this time?
               | If trickle down economics don't work, why is world
               | poverty at all time low and consumption at all time high?
        
               | aborsy wrote:
               | As noted, this refers to Reagan policies and onward.
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Even after Reagan's policies how do your points hold?
        
               | abenga wrote:
               | Because we are counting people's wealth in significant
               | fractions of a trillion dollars and young people around
               | the world cannot afford homes no more?
        
               | simianwords wrote:
               | Prices of houses increased but others decreased. Life
               | expectancy increased, consumption increased.
        
               | grafmax wrote:
               | "Phones not homes."
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | > Look at industrial revolution
               | 
               | I really don't see how one can separate the industrial
               | revolution from colonialism, considering we have chiefs
               | of government in colonial countries on the record saying
               | that colonies are a necessary outlet for industrial goods
               | [1].
               | 
               | Once you've established that link, it's hard to explain
               | that "everyone" benefitted from the industrial
               | revolution.
               | 
               | Even disregarding that, the working conditions created by
               | industrialization allowed for situations that can hardly
               | be described as "beneficial" [2][3][4].
               | 
               | > digital revolution.
               | 
               | [5] provided without comment.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | [1]: for instance, Jules Ferry: https://www2.assemblee-
               | nationale.fr/decouvrir-l-assemblee/hi...
               | 
               | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisbee_Deportation
               | 
               | [3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludlow_Massacre
               | 
               | [4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_Wars
               | 
               | [5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | Places that luckily avoided colonialism haven't improved
               | a zilch.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Places that luckily avoided colonialism haven't
               | improved a zilch
               | 
               | Thailand and China would like a word.
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | So would Liberia and Ethiopia.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | What percent of the population in places which
               | experienced the industrial revolution would be better off
               | if they time-travelled back 200 years? 1%? 0.2%?
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | > in places which experienced the industrial revolution
               | 
               | People experienced the industrial revolution everywhere.
               | 
               | I suspect, when you think "places which experienced the
               | industrial revolution", you think about a small subset of
               | areas where some development happened as a result of
               | that, likely the areas where industrialists lived.
               | 
               | But you would also have to consider other places'
               | experience of industrialization. For instance, Congo
               | under EIC colonial rule did experience industrialization
               | - it was the place where industrial amounts of rubber
               | were harvested to allow for plants elsewhere to produce
               | joints, pipes, motor belts, etc. It's not really hard to
               | believe that, had Congo not experienced that, its citizen
               | would almost certainly have been better off now.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Does Congo lack electricity, modern medicine, and air
               | conditioning?
               | 
               | If the industrial revolution has made their lives worse,
               | it's a double-whammy because they are forced to suffer
               | almost twice as long, as their life expectancy at birth
               | has approximately doubled since 1870.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1071021/life-
               | expectancy-...
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | When have we ever had a push to full automation?
        
           | flanked-evergl wrote:
           | It will not benefit the rich as disproportionately as the
           | covid pandemic did.
        
             | Lio wrote:
             | I can't speak for others countries but here in the UK
             | special "VIP lanes" were used to steal billions using
             | fraudulent PPE contracts.
             | 
             | I'm not just talking about Baroness Mone either. PPE Medpro
             | was the tip of the iceberg.
        
           | deadbabe wrote:
           | Rich people will enjoy additional monetary benefits, but
           | everyone will still enjoy the same standard benefits.
        
           | squidbeak wrote:
           | What you mean is those with some form of ownership of the
           | technology. If development eventually results in full
           | automation, with the expense of production reduced to zero,
           | money will be irrelevant.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Energy, raw materials, and logistics still remain. I don't
             | think we'll ever get to a place where there isn't some
             | input to a production process that is not infinite and
             | free.
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | You don't see full automation with robotics as a possible
               | outcome?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Theoretically possible? Maybe (but still an extremely
               | slim chance).
               | 
               | Practically possible? No. People (and countries) own
               | land. Raw materials for robots comes from land. Energy
               | for robots consumes land. Farming food requires massive
               | inputs beyond just the land and energy (but also needs
               | those).
               | 
               | I don't imagine we'll get to a world where my great-
               | great-great^20-grandkids can hold out their hand and have
               | a plate of steak and potatoes (or the then-equivalent)
               | placed into it for free, anytime they want.
               | 
               | The expense of production and on-demand delivery of just
               | a simple plate of steak and baked potato will not ever
               | get to zero. If we can't even get that simple of thing
               | for free, I don't believe in a world without the notion
               | of money.
               | 
               | Expand that to even better dining, vacation, and
               | leisure/recreational activities and I think the argument
               | becomes even more solid that some form of
               | rationing/limiting will be in effect and there will be a
               | unit/notation of ration and trade that will be
               | indistinguishable from money.
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | 'Not ever' is a broad statement. Would you rule out off-
               | planet mining and manufacturing? Or the scaling of
               | artificial meat production?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I don't. If you do, maybe you could hypothesize a
               | practically possible path from now to then and enlighten
               | us Luddites?
               | 
               | The overwhelmingly most likely "end of money for humans"
               | comes from the extinction of humans.
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | Believe me, ruling them out is the last thing I'd do. I
               | fully expect them in the next decade or two.
               | 
               | A practically possible path to both: Starship is
               | perfected and mining companies begin operations in space.
               | Vast data centers training spatial ai using virtual
               | simulations perfect it well enough for general robotics
               | to become practicable. Automation is then as follows:
               | robotics manufacturing and maintenance is handled by
               | robots. Mining is performed by robots. General
               | manufacturing performed by robots. Potential
               | manufacturing scales increase by orders of magnitudes.
               | Where are the costs in this scenario that would prevent
               | prices falling to zero? And if prices for all goods and
               | virtually all services* fall to zero, what possible role
               | can money have at that point, other than sitting on a
               | shelf as a memento of a vanished system?
               | 
               | *excluding sex workers.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | The cost is in transportation (aside from the cost of
               | developing and producing all those automated systems).
               | Where do you expect extra-terrestrial mining to occur and
               | why do you think what's mined there would be used on
               | Earth? The nearest place to mine would be the moon, and
               | it's on the order of 1 million dollars per kg to bring
               | things back. We could potentially drop that, but that's a
               | hell of a base cost just for material transport. What
               | makes you think that's going to be happening soon?
        
               | squidbeak wrote:
               | In the next couple of decades? Starship is real, space
               | mining companies are real, NVIDIA Cosmos is real,
               | robotics development is nascent, but real and thrilling.
               | Ordinary market forces will ensure the uptake of
               | robotics.
               | 
               | You're calculating the expense of returning mined
               | resources using past metrics that are superseded
               | altogether in this scenario. For instance miniaturization
               | suddenly won't be necessary for mining companies wishing
               | to send gear to asteroids.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Why would off-planet mining and manufacturing make things
               | easier?
        
           | illuminator83 wrote:
           | The wealth gap widening is quite independent from AI being
           | involved. A natural progression which was always happening
           | and continues to be happening. Entil some sort of catastrophe
           | reshuffles the cards. Usually a war or revolution. The poor
           | simply rising up or a lazy and corrupt ruling class depriving
           | their country of enough resources and will to defend itself
           | that some outside power can take it.
        
           | visarga wrote:
           | > It will benefit all people but it will disproportionally
           | benefit more rich people
           | 
           | The rich already have a diminishing returns situation with
           | money. Everyone else has much more upswing.
        
           | WhyOhWhyQ wrote:
           | If be benefitting you mean displacing all reason to live,
           | then yes, it will solve that problem I face. Now I will be
           | certain.
        
         | pmarreck wrote:
         | I don't understand this argument. Speaking as a kid who grew up
         | middle-class as an 80's teen obsessed with (the then still new)
         | computers, a non-rich person has access to more salient power
         | today than ever in history, and largely for no or low cost.
         | There are free AI's available that can diagnose illnesses for
         | people in remote areas, non-Western nations, etc. and which can
         | translate (and/or summarize) anything to anything with high
         | quality. Etc. etc. AI will help anyone with an idea execute on
         | it.
         | 
         | The only thing you have to worry about are not non-rich people,
         | but people without any motivation. The difference of course is
         | that the framing you're using makes it easy to blame "The
         | System", while a motivation-based framing at least leaves
         | people somewhat responsible.
         | 
         | Wealth may get you a seat closer to the table, but everyone is
         | already invited into the room.
        
           | tbossanova wrote:
           | The problem is if the system leads to demotivating people
           | more than motivating them on average, which risks a negative
           | feedback loop where people demotivate each other further and
           | so on
        
             | mlrtime wrote:
             | Yes, just read reddit or this thread.
             | 
             | I'd love to see the people's lives saying how bad it is
             | now. My guess is they have every luxury afforded to them.
             | There is strong negativity bias.
        
           | amrocha wrote:
           | This is a simplistic, individualistic view of the impact of
           | AI.
           | 
           | You're imagining the world we have today, but with AI.
           | 
           | In reality it'll be a world that's completely different, and
           | most likely in a worse way, and AI is the tool used to make
           | it worse.
        
           | zekrioca wrote:
           | "Free ai" lol
        
           | thrance wrote:
           | You have an incorrect reading of history and economy.
           | Basically none of the wealth and comfort we (regular people)
           | enjoy were "gifted" or "left over" willingly by the owner
           | class. Everything had to be fought for: minimum wage,
           | reasonable weekly hours, safe workplaces, child labor,
           | retirement, healthcare...
           | 
           | Now, ask yourself, what happens when workers lose the only
           | leverage they have against the owner class: their labor? A
           | capitalist economy can only function if workers are able to
           | sell their labor for wages to the owner class, creating a
           | sort of equilibrium between capital and work.
           | 
           | Once AI is able to replace a significant part of workers, 99%
           | of humans on Earth become redundant in the eyes of the owner
           | class, and even a threat to their future prosperity. And they
           | own everything, the police and army included.
        
         | moomoo11 wrote:
         | Cheaper cloud costs
        
         | tempodox wrote:
         | When billionaires talk about "benefits", I'm getting _very_
         | suspicious.
        
         | goku12 wrote:
         | That's a very relevant question. And as your question implies,
         | we all know which society the billionaires talk about. But AI
         | is just a technology like any other. It does have the potential
         | to bring great benefits to humanity if developed with that
         | intent. It's the corruptive influence of the billionaire and
         | autocrat greed that turns all technologies against us.
         | 
         | When I say benefits to humanity, I don't mean the AI slop,
         | deepfakes and laziness enabler that we have today. There are
         | niche applications of AI that already show great potential.
         | Like developing new medicines to devising new treatments for
         | dangerous diseases, solving long standing mathematical
         | problems, creating new physics theories. And who knows? Perhaps
         | even create viable solutions for the climate crisis that we are
         | in. They don't receive as much attention as they deserve,
         | because that's not where the profit lies in AI. Solving real
         | problems require us to forgo profits in the short term. That's
         | why we can't leave this completely up to the billionaires. They
         | will just use it to transfer even more wealth from the poor and
         | middle classes to themselves.
        
           | dinkumthinkum wrote:
           | What are the actual benefits? Where are all these medicines
           | that humans couldn't develop on their own? Have we not been
           | able to develop medicine? What theorems are meaningful and
           | impactful that humans can't prove without AI? I don't know
           | what a solution to the climate crisis is but what would it
           | even say that humans wouldn't have realistically thought of?
        
             | yard2010 wrote:
             | It's a matter of prompt engineering, you have to be a
             | really good engineer to pick the correct words in order to
             | get the cure for cancer from ChatGPT, or the actual crabby
             | patty recipe
             | 
             | ;)
        
             | squidbeak wrote:
             | You're most likely correct in thinking 'we would get there
             | eventually'. But in the case of medicine, would you like to
             | make that case to those who don't have the time to wait for
             | 'eventually' - or who'll spend their lives in misery?
        
           | WhyOhWhyQ wrote:
           | I have a phd in mathematics and I assure you I am not happy
           | that AI is going to make doing mathematics a waste of time.
           | Go read Gower's essay on it from the 90s. He is spot on.
        
         | athrowaway3z wrote:
         | Counter prediction. AI is going to reduce the (relative) wealth
         | of the tech companies.
         | 
         | AWS and Facebook have extremely low running costs per VPS or Ad
         | sold. That IMO is one of the major reasons tech has received
         | its enormously high valuation.
         | 
         | There is nuance to that, but average investors are dumb and
         | don't care.
         | 
         | Add in a relatively high fixed-cost commodity into the
         | accounting, and intuitively the pitch of "global market
         | domination at ever lower costs" will be a much harder sell.
         | Especially if there is a bubble pop that hurts them.
        
           | infinitezest wrote:
           | History would indicate that if the you make a bubble big
           | enough and then it pops, you don't have to clean up the mess.
           | 2008 wasn't that long ago.
        
         | tjpnz wrote:
         | Manna ponders the same question. I don't think we're headed
         | towards the "good" ending.
         | 
         | https://marshallbrain.com/manna1
        
           | __oh_es wrote:
           | What an incredible read - thanks for the share
        
         | mlrtime wrote:
         | What value does your question add, if it wasn't Bezos saying
         | this would you have the same question?
         | 
         | How are you defining rich, Billionaires? It's sad that your
         | comment is the top post.
        
           | infinitezest wrote:
           | The fact that Bezos is saying this is precisely why the
           | commenter is asking this. He clearly stands to benefit
           | massively from the bubble. Statements like this are meant to
           | encourage buy-in from others to maximize his exit. Presumably
           | "rich" refers to those, like Bezos, who already have
           | incredibly disproportionate wealth and power compared to the
           | majority of people in the US. I'm honestly not sure what the
           | thrust of your comment even is.
        
         | a4isms wrote:
         | Once upon a time, society was all of us, but Society were the
         | filks that held coming out parties and gossiped about whose
         | J-class yacht was likely to defend the America's cup.
         | 
         | Society with a capital S are the beneficiaries of the bubble.
        
         | cyanydeez wrote:
         | Business. People in the human centipede who wont fight fascism
        
         | FilosofumRex wrote:
         | Bezos didn't define "society", but knowing Devil is what Devil
         | does, we can infer:
         | 
         | 1. Amazon files the most petitions for H1-B work visas after
         | Indian IT shops. 2. Amazon opposed minimum wage increase to
         | $15/hr until 2018! 3. Amazon not only fires union organizers,
         | it's claiming National Labor Relations Board is
         | unconstitutional!
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | It is all society as long as they have access, and they do.
         | Even if the big labs get more closed off, open source is right
         | there and won't die.
         | 
         | AI increases everyone's knowledge and ultimately productivity.
         | It's on every person the learn to leverage it. The dynamics
         | don't need to change, we just move faster and smarter
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | > AI increases everyone's knowledge and ultimately
           | productivity. It's on every person the learn to leverage it.
           | The dynamics don't need to change, we just move faster and
           | smarter
           | 
           | This is incomplete in key ways: it only increases knowledge
           | if people practice information literacy and validate AI
           | claims, which we know is an unevenly-distributed skill.
           | Similarly, by making it easier to create disinformation and
           | pollute public sources of information, it can make people
           | less knowledgeable at the same time they believe they are
           | more informed. Neither of those problems are new, of course,
           | but they're moving from artisanal to industrial scale.
           | 
           | Another area where this is begging questions is around
           | resource allocation. The best AI models and integrations cost
           | money and the ability to leverage them requires you to have
           | an opportunity to acquire skills and use them to make a
           | living. The more successfully businesses are able to remove
           | or deprofessionalize jobs, the smaller the pool will be of
           | people who can afford to build skills, compete with those
           | businesses, or contribute to open source software. Twenty
           | years ago, professional translators made a modest white
           | collar income; when AI ate those jobs, the workers didn't
           | "learn to leverage" AI, they had to find new jobs in
           | different fields and anyone who didn't have the financial
           | reserves to do that might've ended up in a retail job
           | questioning whether it's even possible to re-enter the
           | professional class. That's great for people like Bezos until
           | nobody can afford to buy things, but it's worse for society
           | since it accelerates the process of centralizing money and
           | power.
           | 
           | Open source in particular seems likely to struggle here: with
           | programmers facing financial downturns, fewer people have
           | time to contribute and if AI is being trained on your code,
           | you're increasingly going to ask whether it's in your best
           | interests to literally train your replacement.
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | https://www.billjaneway.com/productive-bubbles this is a good
       | essay on this topic
        
       | chris_wot wrote:
       | Just like how sending Katy Perry to space hugely benefitted
       | society.
       | 
       | Could some let Bezos know that he doesn't truly represent society
       | in any way?
        
       | DrNosferatu wrote:
       | Society as a whole, or one percenters like him?
        
         | MountDoom wrote:
         | Bezos is a 0.0001-percenter. Most of people on HN are probably
         | in the top 1% to 5%.
         | 
         | You're in the top 10% in the US if you make $170k/yr.
        
           | nemomarx wrote:
           | are most people on HN making 170? I feel a bit less
           | privileged now.
        
             | MountDoom wrote:
             | Entry-level total comp for SWEs in the SF Bay Area is
             | probably $250k. A senior dev at a public tech company can
             | easily clear $400k. Really senior engineers at FAANG
             | routinely clear $1M.
        
               | eBombzor wrote:
               | I need to move back to the Bay
        
               | NaomiLehman wrote:
               | it's possible to work remotely, albeit harder to land a
               | job. Still if you makea bit less and live in a LCoL area
               | that's a great deal.
        
               | MountDoom wrote:
               | For senior engineers with some fiscal discipline, it's
               | great, although it's more great to work remotely.
               | 
               | On the more junior end, that $250k goes about as far as
               | $100k in a less expensive region. Keep in mind that the
               | average 1-bedroom rent is $3k+/mo, the average home for a
               | family with kids is $2M, the average PG&E bill for a
               | house is probably $400+, any repairs or remodels will
               | cost you 2x as much as in most other places... and state
               | income taxes are 10% on top of federal.
               | 
               | Most CoL estimates put the cost of living in San Jose at
               | 2x the national average. And that's San Jose.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | And we aren't also in some other bubble. From rest of the
               | world those compensation levels sound insane.
        
             | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
             | Midway through my career, these days I feel fortunate to be
             | making 60k. But I'm in Canada.
        
             | culi wrote:
             | It's extremely regional. I was at 160 after less than 5
             | years in the industry. In the Bay Area, that still put me
             | in the bottom 10% for tech workers
             | 
             | https://www.levels.fyi/heatmap/
        
           | martinohansen wrote:
           | True. But that's income, to be top 10% in your net worth you
           | need 1.5m USD and 12m USD for top 1%
        
             | MountDoom wrote:
             | Yeah, but net worth is weird because for most people, it
             | just measures age. When you're young, you have nothing in
             | your 401k and you have a brand new mortgage, so you're
             | worth around $0. Negative if you have any student loans.
             | 
             | When you're in your 50s or 60s, the mortgage is repaid, and
             | if nothing blew up, you probably also have a million or two
             | in your 401k, so at that point, it's actually not that hard
             | for a person who had a decent career in the SF Bay Area to
             | be worth $4M+. And many FAANG retirees will probably flirt
             | with $10M+ if they don't spend too much.
        
             | moomoo11 wrote:
             | Is that in the world? Or in the USA. Idk I thought there
             | would be more millionaires.
        
               | Fricken wrote:
               | Earning $60k/yr would put you in the global 1%.
        
         | DrNosferatu wrote:
         | The massive economic productivity gains from AI will improve
         | the lives of very few if some form of fair fiscal
         | redistribution is not be put in place.
        
       | ripvanwinkle wrote:
       | This shouldn't be a surprise - capitalism always overshoots.
       | Anything worth investing in will generally receive too much
       | investment in because very few people can tell where the line is.
       | 
       | And that's what causes bubbles but at this point it should be
       | clear that AI will make a substantial impact - at least as great
       | as the internet, likely larger
        
         | ivape wrote:
         | As FB IPO'd at 100bn, and marched to over 1T, when would you
         | have considered it a bubble? You can ask the LLM if you need to
         | ... catch my drift?
        
           | Archonical wrote:
           | I'm not sure I see the point. The march to $1T took 10 years
           | with available financial statements.
        
             | ivape wrote:
             | You made the point for me. That 100bn doubled every 2-3
             | years. It wasn't a bubble, but it absolutely looked like
             | one. This will be a bitter lesson too.
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | There's a typo. "Society" should be written as "five
       | billionaires"
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | I see that my Echos want me to enable the new Alexa. I confess a
       | great deal of trepidation on these. Fairly confident that this is
       | not going to go smoothly.
       | 
       | And again I'm baffled on how they would light such good will and
       | functionality on fire.
        
       | theartfuldodger wrote:
       | Until costs of utilities, food, medical, insurance are dropped by
       | technology, there are no societal gains, just loss of human jobs.
        
       | smrtinsert wrote:
       | AI is in a bubble like we don't need more than 16kb.
        
       | yeyeyeyeyeyeyee wrote:
       | People in the comments seem to have forgotten about, or never
       | lived through, the dot com bubble. Amazon's shares fell from $113
       | to $6 in 2000. So yes, the internet survived and some companies
       | did well after, but a lot of people were hurt badly.
        
       | b_e_n_t_o_n wrote:
       | This seems obviously and trivially correct to me...
        
       | ulfw wrote:
       | Oh if Jeff Bezos says it then it must be true
        
       | platevoltage wrote:
       | I feel better knowing that someone that is as in touch with
       | society as he is, is saying this.
        
       | muldvarp wrote:
       | I'd love to see those "gigantic benefits". Currently, the only
       | positive thing about LLMs I hear regularly is that it made people
       | more productive. They don't get paid more (of course), they're
       | just more productive.
        
         | james_oofou wrote:
         | more productivity at same cost = more stuff, cheaper
        
           | mgol94 wrote:
           | Soo where is that deflation? Bc from what I see all of that
           | extra productivity is landing in the pockets of shareholders
        
             | james_oofou wrote:
             | Right, so not a bubble then
        
           | neuronic wrote:
           | This lie is still being spread in economics classes?
        
             | james_oofou wrote:
             | No clue
        
           | muldvarp wrote:
           | More productivity at same cost = More profit for companies.
           | 
           | Also, the cost of most of the stuff I (have to) buy (i.e.
           | rent, groceries, ...) is not dominated by the wage of
           | knowledge workers.
           | 
           | Or to put it differently: If AI makes me lose my job but
           | doesn't decrease my rent, I'm in a really bad position.
        
             | james_oofou wrote:
             | > More profit for companies
             | 
             | Agreed. So I don't think it's a bubble.
             | 
             | Will also be good for consumers in the long-term: much
             | faster pace of drug discovery and new tech generally.
        
               | muldvarp wrote:
               | > Agreed. So I don't think it's a bubble.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing it's a bubble. I'm arguing it's not going
               | to be a "gigantic benefit" for society.
               | 
               | > Will also be good for consumers in the long-term: much
               | faster pace of drug discovery and new tech generally.
               | 
               | Medicine and tech that knowledge workers won't be able to
               | pay for without a job. I also don't think "new tech" is
               | necessarily a good thing societally.
               | 
               | The calculus is easy, really: AI makes 100% of my income
               | worth less but only decreases the cost of a fraction of
               | my expenditures. AI is bad for anyone that works for a
               | living. That's pretty much all of society except for the
               | top x%.
        
           | AlienRobot wrote:
           | *To sell, not to buy.
        
           | delfinom wrote:
           | I don't think I need email marketing spam or useless apps to
           | be cheaper.
           | 
           | The hard trades and manual labor services we consume for
           | everything that matters daily? That's not going to be made
           | cheaper by AI.
        
       | gsky wrote:
       | Yesterday, I asked an LLM to create a browser plugin and it got
       | 98% correct in its first try.
        
         | sema4hacker wrote:
         | How many people can recognize that 2% is wrong? Of those, how
         | many can fix the 2% without introducing more errors?
        
         | asadotzler wrote:
         | Yesterday someone's uncle tried the same thing and now his bank
         | account's drained because the 2% that wasn't working was the 2%
         | that prevented his password store from being posted online.
         | 
         | See how that works? A few nerds think it's great while everyone
         | else gets screwed by it.
        
       | hulitu wrote:
       | > Jeff Bezos says AI is in a bubble but society will get
       | 'gigantic' benefits
       | 
       | Yes. Cheap, second hand, datacenters.
        
       | sylware wrote:
       | Please, Mister Bezos: fix amazon shop to work again with
       | noscript/basic (x)html browsers (like lynx).
       | 
       | (oh, and keep on eye on all those 'internet scanners', 'script
       | kiddies' using AWS for scans/attacks, honey pot time?).
        
       | crnkofe wrote:
       | Gotta say I'm pessimistic about the future of AI. At least until
       | its adopted by public sector, schools and societies. Right now
       | its just enhancing what we already have. More "efficient"
       | meetings with auto-note-taking so we can have more meetings. More
       | productivity so we can make less people do more, increase the
       | workload and make them burn out faster. Better and more
       | sophisticated scammers. More sophisticated propaganda by various
       | legal and illegal actors. Cheaper and more grotesque looking vidz
       | and music. More software slop. Not to mention all the "cool"
       | improvements coming our way in the form of smart rockets, bombs
       | and drones and of course I drool for all the smart improvements
       | in surveillance capitalism 2.0. They call it a revolution but for
       | now its just a catalyst for more of all the things we "love".
        
       | m000 wrote:
       | "During bubbles, every experiment or idea gets funded, the good
       | ideas and the bad ideas. And investors have a hard time in the
       | middle of this excitement, distinguishing between the good ideas
       | and the bad ideas. ... But that doesn't mean anything that is
       | happening isn't real."
       | 
       | Remind me again why we need investors to fund bad ideas? The
       | whole premise of western capitalism is that investors can better
       | align with the needs of the society and the current technological
       | reality.
       | 
       | If the investors aren't the gurus we make them to be, we might as
       | well do with a planning committee. We could actually end up with
       | more diversified research.
       | 
       | "Under socialism, a lot of experimental ideas get funded, the
       | good ideas and the bad ideas. And the planning committee have a
       | hard time in the middle of this excitement, distinguishing
       | between the good ideas and the bad ideas. ... But that doesn't
       | mean anything that is happening isn't real."
        
         | cladopa wrote:
         | There is a very important difference: real investors risk their
         | own money, the money they saved over their entire life making
         | decisions.
         | 
         | Under socialism bureaucrats risk someone else's money.
         | 
         | We are not in a pure capitalistic society, we also have States,
         | central Banks with central planning expending over half the
         | money in Europe and USA and more than half in Asia.
         | 
         | As a European myself that see the public money being wasted by
         | incompetent people and filling the pockets of politicians,
         | specially marxist ones. For example, the money Spain received
         | after COVID filled so many socialist pockets and has not given
         | information back to Europe as of how it was spent(it was spent
         | on their own companies of friend and family).
        
           | tliltocatl wrote:
           | >> There is a very important difference: real investors risk
           | their own money, the money they saved over their entire life
           | making decisions.
           | 
           | Except for the "institutional investors".
        
             | foxglacier wrote:
             | Even then, the people the money came from voluntarily chose
             | those institutions. If you don't like risky investments,
             | there are lower risk institutions or products you can put
             | your money in. It's still ultimately the will of the
             | individual what they do with their money, and the
             | consequences of bad choices are still mostly contained to
             | the individuals who make them. But when it's done with tax
             | money, everyone's dragged into it and has no personal
             | choice in the matter. Even worse, when it's tax money
             | without democracy, even if the majority of people don't
             | like how it's used, they even collectively have no choice
             | in the matter.
        
         | tliltocatl wrote:
         | Committees' investment tends to be not very diversified and
         | often too risk-averse because of how blame placing works. E. g.
         | most of soviet's cloning of chip (and many other products)
         | wasn't due to lack of engineering skill - it's just less risk
         | for the bureaucrats running the show. R&D for an original chip
         | is risky and timing it to the next November the seventh is
         | likely to not work. Cloning is a guaranteed success.
         | 
         | The whole point of capitalism is that one is entitled to the
         | consequences of their own stupidity or the lack thereof. The
         | investors are more willing to take the risks because their
         | losses are bounded - they are risking only as much as they are
         | willing, rather than their status in an organization. Of course
         | once all investors ends up investing into the same bubble there
         | is no real advantage over a committee.
        
         | probablypower wrote:
         | > Remind me again why we need investors to fund bad ideas?
         | 
         | A lot of good ideas only look bad in hindsight. It costs time
         | and money to determine goodness, and that deserves funding.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | > A lot of good ideas only look bad in hindsight. It costs
           | time and money to determine goodness, and that deserves
           | funding.
           | 
           | Governments can also do that funding. The most pivotal
           | technologies in recent history have been a result of
           | government investment.
           | 
           | Private capital has a role, but it's mostly at the
           | productization phase, not fundamental research.
        
         | nr378 wrote:
         | > Remind me again why we need investors to fund bad ideas?
         | 
         | Early stage investors generally fund a portfolio of multiple
         | ideas, where each idea faces great uncertainty - some
         | investments will do tremendously well, some won't. Invstors
         | don't need every investment to do well due to the assymmetry of
         | outcomes (a bad investment can at worst go down 100%, a good
         | investment can go up 10,000%, paying off many bad investments).
         | 
         | > The whole premise of western capitalism is that investors can
         | better align with the needs of the society and the current
         | technological reality.
         | 
         | This is not the premise of capitalism, it's the justification
         | for it - it's generally believed that capitalism leads to
         | better outcomes over time than communism, but that doesn't mean
         | capitalism has 0 wasteage or results in 0 bad decisions.
        
         | ducttapecrown wrote:
         | We need investors to fund ideas to find out if they are good or
         | bad. It is called testing.
        
       | JCM9 wrote:
       | All the smartest people I know in finance are preparing for AI to
       | be a huge bust that wipes out startups. To them, everyone in tech
       | is just a pawn in their money moving finance games. They view
       | Silicon Valley at the moment salivating on what there plays are
       | to make money off the coming hype cycle implosion. The best
       | finance folks make the most money when the tide goes out... and
       | they're making moves now to be ready.
       | 
       | Take that for what it is.
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Especially startups in AI are at risk, because their specific
         | niche projects can easily be outcompeted when BigTech comes
         | with more generalized AI models.
        
         | james_oofou wrote:
         | I'll take it for finance people being totally clueless, right?
         | Have you talked to these people about AI?
        
           | Archonical wrote:
           | My experience has gone the other way than OOP: Anecdotally, I
           | have had VCs ask me to review AI companies to tell them what
           | they do so they can invest. The VC said VCs don't really
           | understand what they're investing in and just want to get in
           | on anything AI due to FOMO.
           | 
           | The company I reviewed didn't seem like a great investment,
           | but I don't even think that matters right now.
        
             | JCM9 wrote:
             | To be clear when I said "finance folks" I wasn't really
             | referring to VCs. I'm talking more family office types that
             | manage big pools of money that you don't know about. The
             | super wealthy class that has literally has more money than
             | the King but would be horrified if you knew their name. Old
             | money types. They're well aware of the "dumb VC" vibe that
             | just throws money after hype. The finance folks I'm talking
             | about are the type that eat failed VCs for lunch.
        
               | james_oofou wrote:
               | And what is it that you believe about these old money
               | types' knowledge of AI and why is it that you believe it?
        
             | madaxe_again wrote:
             | In my experience they invariably conflate LLMs with AI and
             | can't/won't have the difference explained.
             | 
             | This is _the_ blind spot that will cause many to lose their
             | shirts, and is also why people are wrong about AI being a
             | bubble. LLMs are a bubble within an overall healthy growth
             | market.
        
               | walleeee wrote:
               | LLMs are a bubble on the back of an AI bubble in a market
               | finally surmounting an enormous single-shot energy
               | surfeit
        
         | justin66 wrote:
         | Just startups? Really?
        
           | JCM9 wrote:
           | Broader impact, but while the big players will take a hit the
           | new wave of startups stands to take the brunt of the impact.
           | VCs and startups will suffer the most.
           | 
           | At the end of the day though it's how the system is designed.
           | It's the needed forrest fire that wipes out overgrowth and
           | destroys all but the strongest trees.
        
       | ripped_britches wrote:
       | Poor Jeff gonna miss that sweet AGI gravy
        
       | Flatcircle wrote:
       | If you listen to the speech it's a bit more nuanced than that
       | headline.
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | It's very hard to find anything other than half saying AI is in a
       | bubble, and we will pop any day now, and the other half declaring
       | AGI by 2029, when a new revolution will begin. If you follow the
       | hard science and not the money, you can see we're somewhere in-
       | between these two takes. AI datacenters requiring new power
       | plants is unsustainable for long-term growth. Meanwhile, we have
       | LLMs accepting bullshit tasks and completing them. This is very
       | hard to ignore.
        
         | slaterbug wrote:
         | > Meanwhile, we have LLMs accepting bullshit tasks and
         | completing them.
         | 
         | Would you mind elaborating on that? I'm not quite sure what you
         | mean.
        
       | AtlasBarfed wrote:
       | By society, he means the oligarchy will get more power and
       | control.
       | 
       | Yeah, sure some side benefits to people. AI is still a nuclear
       | weapon against labor in the capital - labor (haves - haves not),
       | and will start pushing wealth inequality to the Egyptian pharoah.
       | 
       | The only good news for plebians is that virtual reality
       | entertainment means you just need a little closet to live in.
       | 
       | Overall, this just leads up to further demographic decline, which
       | as an environmental malthusian I would welcome in the initial
       | stages to get us down from our current level, but I also suspect
       | it would turn into an economic downward spiral, especially with
       | AI, where the oligarchs have such total authoritarian control and
       | monopoly on resources that humanity basically stops having kids
       | at all.
        
       | WhyOhWhyQ wrote:
       | Seems like society isn't going to benefit much, but the
       | ultrawealthy will benefit enormously.
        
         | taberiand wrote:
         | Of course they will, the ultra wealthy are too big to fail. In
         | a bubble like this, they just invest in pretty much everything
         | and take the losses on the 99% of failures to get the x1000
         | multiples on the 1% of successes. While the rest of us take the
         | hit.
        
         | christiangenco wrote:
         | To those who have everything more will be given; from those who
         | have nothing everything will be taken.
        
       | captainkrtek wrote:
       | "Billionaire known for exploiting workers says 'trust me, you all
       | will benefit from this'"
        
       | fithisux wrote:
       | AI is a solution searching for a problem.
       | 
       | This is what he acknowledges.
        
       | rickcarlino wrote:
       | Onion Headline 2026: "Unemployed data scientist glad society is
       | benefiting from AI without him after layoffs."
        
       | Jgoauh wrote:
       | Well I say nuh-huh
        
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