[HN Gopher] A Thermometer for Measuring Quantumness
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       A Thermometer for Measuring Quantumness
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 43 points
       Date   : 2025-10-03 12:24 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.quantamagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.quantamagazine.org)
        
       | Mr_Eri_Atlov wrote:
       | Needs to be called a Steins Gate
        
       | tsimionescu wrote:
       | I'd be curious if someone who understands exactly what and how
       | they are proposing this measurement works could speak on whether
       | it would contradict the no-signalling theorem (and so, the effect
       | can't be real).
       | 
       | That is, given that destroying the correlation between two
       | entangled particles can't be used to send information between the
       | particles' locations, how could a measurement of whether a system
       | contains entangled particles work? Does it just require all
       | entangled particles to be present for the extra heat transfer to
       | work?
        
         | supernetworks wrote:
         | "given that destroying the correlation between two entangled
         | particles" i think this is the assumption that is easy to make
         | without digging deeper into entanglement.
         | 
         | i am still in the process of reading this article
         | (https://arxiv.org/pdf/2408.06418) however entanglement
         | witnesses can be realized in several ways and are one of the
         | underlying aspects of how quantum networking can be made
         | reliable.
         | 
         | under the category of heralded entanglement, one realization
         | uses photons striking photo detectors after they meet in a
         | beamsplitter under the hong-ou-mandel effect scenario. for type
         | 1 entanglement with HOM: if the photons at the two input modes
         | are identical, they always bunch due to quantum interference,
         | and if the photons resulted from emissions in the respective
         | quantum nodes those nodes are now entangled, and the detection
         | is the classical signal that the entangled link was created.
         | the nodes can now transmit information unidirectionally into
         | the entangled qubits. for type 2 entanglement with HOM it's a
         | little bit more complicated although the underlying concept of
         | indistinguishability is what results in the entanglement just
         | the same.
         | 
         | heres one experiment from oxford,
         | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08404-x, where they
         | achieved this with high fidelity although the particular
         | details of the beam splitter experiment are not as well
         | detailed.
        
         | dawnofdusk wrote:
         | Although I am not an expert in quantum information, I think the
         | problem you pose is resolved by the fact that the no-signalling
         | theorem is about measurements of a quantum state, which is a
         | microscopic state, and heat transfer is a measurement of a
         | thermodynamic quantity, which is macroscopic. In much the same
         | way that measuring the temperature of a classical gas doesn't
         | give information on the location or momenta of the constituent
         | particles, a thermodynamic probe of entanglement doesn't
         | necessarily furnish precise information on how a state is
         | entangled (e.g., Eq. 2 in https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-
         | ph/0406040).
        
         | eigenket wrote:
         | Yeah the whole entangled system is present and interacting with
         | the "thermal ancilla" in their setup.
        
       | ourmandave wrote:
       | I have Absolute Zero interest in this.
        
         | IncRnd wrote:
         | Are you sure?
        
           | czbond wrote:
           | They're referencing the temperature Absolute Zero as a ...
           | pun
        
       | chermi wrote:
       | Intro bugs me. Second law is "violated" all the time at small
       | enough scales. Aka, fluctuation theorems. Of course the violation
       | just means you're not really in the thermodynamic regime.
       | Thermodynamics is kind of circularly defined, and that's fine.
       | Thermodynamics is valid when it works. Temperature is emergent,
       | it's only well defined, quantum or classically, for sufficient
       | large system or sufficient strong coupling to bath. Rest of the
       | articles seems fine, but I just hate these kind of set ups trying
       | to make things more mysterious than they are.
        
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       (page generated 2025-10-03 23:01 UTC)