[HN Gopher] How to Lead in a Room Full of Experts
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       How to Lead in a Room Full of Experts
        
       Author : jnord
       Score  : 224 points
       Date   : 2025-09-24 12:52 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (idiallo.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (idiallo.com)
        
       | readthenotes1 wrote:
       | I recommend _Becoming a Technical Leader_ by Weinberg for a
       | deeper take.
       | 
       | The software examples are dated, but the wetware observations and
       | advice stands.
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Becoming-Technical-Leader-Gerald-Wein...
        
       | jamiecurle wrote:
       | I love the phrase "It's because that's why". For anyone
       | interested in this kind of subject I've benefited a lot from
       | Vanessa Van Edwards books which essentially boil down to
       | signalling warmth and competence in the right ways for a given
       | context. Of course, it's a giant field and no one person has all
       | the answers, but for me it's yielded some wins.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Probably better to say "because it is a bikeshed not worth
         | debate". Often there isn't a right answer but a decision is
         | needed.
        
           | potato3732842 wrote:
           | I like to use something along the lines of "anyone in this
           | room is capable of handling the minutia satisfactorily, there
           | is no need to waste time on the details".
        
       | ahmedfromtunis wrote:
       | "I'm the lead, and we are going to do it this way": avoid it for
       | as long as you can, but do NOT hesitate to use it when it's the
       | appropriate answer.
       | 
       | Take the time to listen to everyone and to form an educated
       | decision. Explain your conclusion once, twice and even thrice.
       | But sometimes teams can get caught in an endless futile
       | discussion over details that don't matter for the stated goals.
       | 
       | In that case, it's *your duty* as the leader to play the dictator
       | and impose order. "If you want to make everyone happy, don't be a
       | leader. Sell ice-cream", Steve Jobs reportedly once said.
       | 
       | If it happens though, don't forget to re-establish trust with
       | your team members and make sure they understand the circumstances
       | that led you to act in that way.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | This is a lesson I learned the hard way. When I was a first
         | time manager I had the naive idea that I was going to build
         | consensus for everything and get everyone to come to an
         | agreement naturally.
         | 
         | It worked at first with a good team. Then later I inherited a
         | fragment of another team with some older know-it-all engineers
         | who thought everything modern was garbage and we should be
         | doing everything like they did 25 years ago. I wasted too much
         | time letting them stonewall everything while thinking we'd
         | eventually reach a consensus.
         | 
         | Then at some point you realize you have to put your foot down
         | and pick a direction after they've had a chance to state their
         | position.
        
           | wahnfrieden wrote:
           | You could learn from consent based decision making, a
           | hallmark of sociocratic worker coops that is underrated and
           | can be applied elsewhere.
           | 
           | Hierarchy and coercion isn't necessary for avoiding decision
           | paralysis in organizations. It appears to be the practical
           | route but has all sorts of harmful and counterproductive
           | consequences.
           | 
           | https://www.sociocracyforall.org/consent-decision-making/
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | Interesting. For that to work, though, it has to be true
             | consent, not "it's the boss's idea and I don't dare to
             | object out loud".
             | 
             | But I guess, if that's the environment you're in, then
             | you're stuck with autocratic leadership (no matter what
             | label it claims for itself), and your only choice is to
             | leave or not.
        
               | wahnfrieden wrote:
               | You can also try to organize your peers in those
               | environments (or even from the outside if so inclined)
        
             | cowthulhu wrote:
             | I don't think that is a practical framework for situations
             | where people aren't already very closely aligned. What
             | happens when a few people are very vocal (and firm) in
             | opposition to basically every change? Having dissenting
             | views is valuable, but not when they have veto power.
             | Additionally, I think that framework is vulnerable to what
             | I refer to as "death by yes but" - when everyone is just
             | piling on amendments and precursor conditions, oftentimes
             | conflicting, that result in a decision taking months (maybe
             | even years) to make or scuttle.
             | 
             | I'm basing these comments out of experience - one example
             | is a workgroup/committee operating under a similar model
             | that was completely unable to do anything due to decision
             | paralysis. The committee grew significantly more effective
             | when we reformed the decision making process to have a
             | small group of owners to handle pitching and (potentially)
             | implementing the decision, then had approval be a simple
             | yes/no majority vote.
        
               | wahnfrieden wrote:
               | Yes it only works when participants have a shared aim
               | 
               | In full sociocracy, it...
               | 
               | > honors the circle's ability to freely make decisions
               | within its domain. This is key for the organization to
               | remain effective. But it comes at the cost of members not
               | having "consent rights" to every decision the
               | organization makes. Each member will only have those
               | rights for the circles they are a part of.
               | 
               | So it's not necessary to allow people outside that
               | working group to veto or require compulsory followup
               | through objection
               | 
               | There's no perfect solution to organization, everything
               | is a tradeoff. I've also been part of working groups
               | (made of people whose job description is to manage the
               | scope of changes they're proposing) where everyone and
               | the workers impacted by the decisions are in agreement
               | and no impact on cost etc., but the exec decides no
               | change can be made due to personal preference despite
               | disastrous consequence. Or where an exec who abstains
               | from checking in on a working group's efforts nonetheless
               | counters it with shifting and contradictory demands
               | whenever it comes time to take action, requiring going
               | back to the drawing board repeatedly until people simply
               | give up or leave the organization. Or where the exec asks
               | for more data for a proposal, and then doesn't evaluate
               | the data once gathered, leaving no recourse but to give
               | up or leave the organization. We all have stories like
               | this. Hierarchical organizations are also susceptible to
               | paralysis.
        
             | homeonthemtn wrote:
             | It's not autocratic, it's not a form of government at all.
             | 
             | Each role is a module to take in inputs, process them, and
             | produce outputs. it is effectively a program.
             | 
             | Define your roles, and expectations of each role, then run
             | the program and edit as needed.
        
               | DrewADesign wrote:
               | Right, and some people's role is to organize people and
               | orient the group's efforts by taking in big-picture
               | problems and outputting direction.
               | 
               | There's rarely a single correct answer-- lots of good
               | solutions have trade-offs-- but there are often various
               | wrong answers. Do the best you can to avoid the wrong
               | answers, and when you inevitably run into the business
               | end of one of your trade-offs, take comfort in knowing
               | the other good options probably also had trade-offs, and
               | tell the smug know-it-alls to cram it.
               | 
               | People working effectively towards a non-optimal solution
               | is far more useful than sitting around arguing about the
               | best way to do it.
        
             | gmfawcett wrote:
             | I've often taken inspiration from RFC 2418, "IETF Working
             | Group Guidelines and Procedures" [1], a rare RFC that
             | defines a human protocol ("rough consensus") rather than a
             | technical one.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2418.html
        
           | tracerbulletx wrote:
           | You can build consensus around the decision making process
           | and build a culture where the outcome of that process is
           | widely accepted. As long as people have the time and pathways
           | to make their case and input, and understand there will be
           | some verdict that may or may not align completely with their
           | opinion. Then its just the decision makers duty to synthesize
           | things in good faith but probably has bought themselves some
           | leeway.
        
             | brandall10 wrote:
             | One thing I like to do with sr+ engineers who will feel
             | burned by a decision - esp. those very publicly against it
             | - is to lead with some sort of concession... maybe a
             | project they expressed interest in, greenlight for a week
             | to research some POC.
             | 
             | Whatever it is, it tends to be considerably less value to
             | the business than the decision itself, but it directly
             | acknowledges their discontent and allows them to get
             | _something_ out of the process besides platitudes,
             | (perceived) public embarrassment, and frustration.
        
         | dmos62 wrote:
         | Steve Jobs was also known to lock teams in a room until they
         | arrived at a common vision. It's a difficult task, to align
         | everyone, but in my limited experience not doing it resulted in
         | extremely inefficient execution. What's more, people feel
         | belittled and rejected if you disregard their viewpoints.
         | Sometimes you need to get things done regardless of what people
         | feel or think, but you can't sustain that for a long time.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | This is what we do with juries, so there's something to be
           | said for it.
        
         | mathattack wrote:
         | Very good point. There's a big difference between "everyone
         | gets heard" and "everyone gets a veto."
         | 
         | Breaking ties is part of the leader's job.
         | 
         | Of course if every issue requires the leader to break the tie,
         | then perhaps there's either a management issue, and incentive
         | issue, or people don't understand the strategy.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | It took a while to emerge but a couple years into my F50 gig we
         | ran into a situation where we had a bus number if 3 in a
         | domain, we all knew that solution A sounds good on paper but is
         | a shitshow in practice, but the rest of the team was still
         | enamored of it and our reasoned explanations just weren't being
         | persuasive enough.
         | 
         | The popular vote was going to load us up with little
         | emergencies that were going to slow several divisions down and
         | we ended up talking to the bosses and ignoring the vote.
         | 
         | In trying to smooth this over, I realized that the problem is
         | that the people who would be dealing with the consequences of a
         | decision wanted solution C and everyone else wanted solution A.
         | And I think it's something worth remembering for future
         | indecisions, that the people with skin in the game need to be
         | able to veto a popular vote. If you don't want the project to
         | lose momentum.
         | 
         | Generally on a large project you will have a bunch of leads all
         | dealing with different domains, and they will reach quorum on
         | major architectural decisions, particularly cross cutting
         | concerns and interfaces between Conway's Law modularizations.
         | The boss only needs to break ties when a consensus does not
         | emerge. And I mean NEEDS. Second worst boss I ever had refused
         | to break ties and we had an even number of leads, so it
         | happened half a dozen times. We wasted hours every month
         | venting to each other about what we hated about him and one of
         | the regular attendees just about wanted to murder him for that,
         | and have us help him hide the body.
        
         | 9rx wrote:
         | _> "I'm the lead, and we are going to do it this way"_
         | 
         | "Okay. Let me know when you are done with that."
        
         | roughly wrote:
         | Make sure people understand why you're making the tradeoff
         | you're making, and also make sure they know you're taking the
         | fire for it if you were wrong and they were right, not them.
        
         | afro88 wrote:
         | 100%. I worked for a brilliant lead, he had a team of excellent
         | engineers. But he was stuck on the socratic method, determined
         | to lead by asking thoughtful questions and letting us sort it
         | out. Important discussions would go in circles a lot,
         | frustratingly so. Sometimes you have to be the decision maker.
        
         | abraae wrote:
         | Humans sometimes yearn for the leader to put their foot down.
         | 
         | The quiet ones may want the yapping voices silenced so progress
         | can be made.
         | 
         | And sometimes the yapping ones get out ahead of their own skis
         | and don't know a graceful way to back down so they're happyish
         | to be closed down, even if they're primed to come back with an
         | "I told you so" if the leader gets it wrong.
        
         | AznHisoka wrote:
         | "If you want to make everyone happy, don't be a leader."
         | 
         | This is the most important line. You shouldnt be afraid to hurt
         | some peoples feelings (though not intentionally and as kindly
         | as you can of course). Absolutely nothing will get done if you
         | want everyone to be happy
        
         | ori_b wrote:
         | Alternatively, my preferred method: "You're the one doing the
         | work. Tell me what your decision is."
         | 
         | Your job as a leader isn't necessarily to make the decision,
         | just to be sure that the decision was made.
        
           | dotancohen wrote:
           | Also, to ensure that the decision made is based on logic and
           | reason. Insofar as that is even possible.
        
           | oncallthrow wrote:
           | In my opinion this advice is quite fatuous, because it skips
           | over the actual difficult bit, which is figuring out what to
           | do when you have a problem that can't simply be decided by
           | the person directly responsible for the the work, either due
           | to complexity/scale of the problem, or because that person is
           | not capable of making the decision.
        
       | wavemode wrote:
       | > I often get "eye rolls" when I say this to developers: You are
       | not going to convince anyone with facts.
       | 
       | True in technical leadership and true in life. Engineers are
       | especially prone to this sort of frustration, where you're
       | technically right but socially aren't speaking the right language
       | for your audience.
        
         | everdrive wrote:
         | This is a difficult lesson to swallow, but must be understood.
         | I do still retain some frustration that there does not seem to
         | be more effort to correct for this problem locally. For
         | instance, in general you must speak to your audience and make
         | emotional appeals. But me, your boss, should understand how to
         | look past that and work with the facts, at least to the degree
         | possible.
         | 
         | I don't see much of that.
        
           | tux3 wrote:
           | There are places that have this norm, but it's exceedingly
           | rare, and it's not some perfect utopia. We're all susceptible
           | to emotional appeals to different degrees, and emotions
           | aren't some inconvenience that you should try to eliminate in
           | favor of pure cold calculations, they also have a place and a
           | reason to be.
           | 
           | People care about different things, so trying to focus just
           | on facts can end up with people talking past each other,
           | because they have different goals, value systems, or other
           | fuzzy human feelings that can't be graphed in an Excel
           | spreadsheet and compared numerically.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that emotional appeals and sophistry are fine,
           | but I find that often when people accept an emotional appeal
           | over a cold purely factual argument, it's because the factual
           | argument is missing the point. A more important part of the
           | discussion is understanding what other people actually care
           | about to make sure we're not all talking past each other, or
           | spending hours arguing details that won't matter in the end.
        
         | Herring wrote:
         | You need to get a better audience. I recently met a good
         | developer who still thinks Covid was a hoax. Doing my best to
         | avoid him.
         | 
         | You think you can just politely work around him -- that's how
         | you get vaccine skeptics dismantling the CDC.
        
           | floydnoel wrote:
           | Why? Are they insufferable otherwise? Or is it more that you
           | find it unbearable to tolerate a different opinion? I'm so
           | curious, about both of you. What part does he think was a
           | hoax?
        
             | Herring wrote:
             | In my experience that's usually just the tip of the
             | iceberg. You've heard the expression "All happy families
             | are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way"?
             | It's like a link broke in a chain, and usually it's many
             | links correlated. Maybe they just distrust expertise, well
             | I have a phd and I assure you it'll come up later. Maybe
             | he's an immigrant from Russia and he just distrusts
             | everything to do with the news, well that's not really
             | fixable except maybe with many years of therapy. And yes it
             | will come up later too. I'm not a professional, I didn't
             | want to ask the specifics or get into the weeds, I just
             | have a developed nose for these things. My brother is into
             | conspiracy theories.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> I have a phd and I assure you it 'll come up later._
               | 
               | Will it? One would have to dig pretty deep into one's
               | personal life to learn about that. Someone who thinks
               | COVID was a hoax isn't going to be one to dig deep. And,
               | well, if he really did somehow dig deep enough to find
               | that information, you can just laugh it off as a hoax.
        
               | Herring wrote:
               | It's right on my linkedin, and I'm joining their team as
               | a specialist/consultant.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | Linkedin is editable, no? Maybe he could still find it in
               | a cache if he digs deep enough, but I mean, really, it is
               | highly unlikely that anyone is going to put in that much
               | effort unless they are on a mission. Nobody casually
               | cares.
        
               | Negitivefrags wrote:
               | > Someone who thinks COVID was a hoax isn't going to be
               | one to dig deep.
               | 
               | This is kind of a side point, but people with fringe
               | beliefs tend to dig a lot deeper to validate those
               | opinions than those with a mainstream view.
               | 
               | You can bet that someone who thinks that the moon landing
               | was a hoax to the point that they would tell someone
               | about it will know more about the moon landing than a
               | random person who believes it was real.
               | 
               | It often takes an expert in something to shoot down the
               | arguments.
        
         | DangitBobby wrote:
         | It's directionally correct but not entirely accurate IMO. It
         | would be more accurate to say, your audience does not have the
         | experience and context necessary to turn the facts into a
         | decision criteria. You need to translate your "raw data facts"
         | into "refined facts" ready for consumption by the audience.
         | That's what a good communicator does. The original phrasing
         | makes it almost sound like the decisions are not fact-based or
         | emotional, which should elicit eye-rolls.
        
           | oncallthrow wrote:
           | > It would be more accurate to say, your audience does not
           | have the experience and context necessary to turn the facts
           | into a decision criteria.
           | 
           | I don't agree. Humans are fundamentally social and illogical
           | creatures, and in many cases regardless of the experience or
           | context they have, they will make decisions based on social
           | factors regardless of hard logic.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | I think it does deserve eye roll, because it is huge
         | oversimplification on itself. The situations in which you
         | convince people with facts are not exactly rare.
         | 
         | That person is getting an eye roll, because they are just
         | repeating popular phrase that is not even particularly useful.
        
         | racl101 wrote:
         | Need ethos, logos and pathos. Not just the logos.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | "Expert" doesn't mean much anymore. They're more likely than not
       | to be under the control of their employers, their funders, or
       | even their political ideology.
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | I thought the new way was to just say "You're absolutely right"
       | to any objection and then rephrase your original proposal without
       | really changing it.
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | That just makes you sound like a weasel and destroys your
         | trust.
        
           | illusive4080 wrote:
           | It was a joke about how AI loves to tell you that you're
           | right but then it regurgitates its prior plan verbatim.
        
       | physicsguy wrote:
       | > When the product team requests a "simple" feature, I'm thinking
       | about the 3 teams that need to be involved to update the
       | necessary microservices.
       | 
       | God I hate modern web sometimes
        
         | fladrif wrote:
         | What's the alternative?
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Macroservices, or several megaliths instead of one monolith,
           | if you will.
        
             | Rendello wrote:
             | What about going the other way and Unix-piping together
             | hundreds of thousands of nano-services?
        
           | mrngm wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43925892 "Microservices
           | are a tax your startup probably can't afford" (310 points,
           | 263 comments).
           | 
           | First build the thing that works, and only if it's really
           | necessary, split it up in separate (networked) parts. You
           | won't have to deal with unreliable network communication, or
           | coordinate on a breaking API change with several teams when a
           | simple search/replace on several function definitions and
           | calls suffices.
        
           | 9rx wrote:
           | Funnily enough, microservices. In the macro economy you don't
           | have to have such strict coordination with Microsoft, or
           | OpenAI, or Google, or whomever you interface with. You just
           | figure out how to make your solution work within the confines
           | of the service they give you. Like it or not.
           | 
           | Microservices is exactly the same concept except in the micro
           | economy of a single organization. Each team is like
           | Microsoft, OpenAI, Google, etc. You don't coordinate with
           | them, you deal with what they give you. Like it or not.
           | 
           | I expect the earlier statement confused microservices with a
           | multi-process application.
        
           | jjmarr wrote:
           | A monorepo that the microservices are deployed from?
           | 
           | Works great for Google.
           | 
           | Or request access for the repo and make the PR yourself.
        
       | csbrooks wrote:
       | In my experience, you don't really want to say "I'm the lead" (it
       | can come across insecure), but you do need to be able to
       | confidently say "Ok, here's what we're going to do" or "Here's
       | what I'd like you to do" once you've gathered all the relevant
       | information and come to a decision.
        
       | Illniyar wrote:
       | What is a lead developer in this context? An engineering manager?
       | Is it like an architect (staff engineer/whatever)? An engineer
       | who is in charge of a specific project?
       | 
       | There are different dynamics at play in each role and reading the
       | guy's bio I'm getting the sense that he is a freelancer? or has a
       | consulting company? which would have a whole different dynamic.
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | In the aerospace world, it's called a "systems engineer."
         | 
         | The lead:
         | 
         | 1: Understands the _whole_ system, but not necessarily every
         | detail.
         | 
         | 2: Plans the whole project.
         | 
         | Edit:
         | 
         | Sometimes in the software world, the title is "architect."
         | 
         | This is rarely the "manager," except in organizations that have
         | a hard-on for hierarchy and artificial promotion for "career
         | advancement." Managers are usually concerned with people,
         | schedules, and resources; but don't go very deep into technical
         | issues.
         | 
         | That being said, the lead/manager may fill in for each other
         | when one is on vacation, sick, quits, ect.
        
         | kenhwang wrote:
         | The lead developer is the person assigned to the lead developer
         | role. I know it's cheeky but it really could be anyone. It's
         | usually at least a senior-level individual contributor (IC).
         | It's not uncommon for it to be a manager (that hopefully used
         | to be an IC).
         | 
         | The lead's authority also tends to be varied in scope. They
         | could be the lead of the feature, project, repo, team,
         | initiative, or org. Depending on the context, their hierarchy
         | might not always be the same.
         | 
         | So really, a lead is someone that is in or uses leadership
         | within their scope and with others in the same position.
         | Alternatively referred to as "politics".
         | 
         | In this context, they're handing the politics of development
         | issues with the goal of getting features done.
        
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       (page generated 2025-09-24 23:00 UTC)