[HN Gopher] Laptop Support and Usability (LSU): July 2025 Report
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       Laptop Support and Usability (LSU): July 2025 Report
        
       Author : grahamjperrin
       Score  : 89 points
       Date   : 2025-08-07 13:55 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | tlhunter wrote:
       | FreeBSD is the first thing I try to install on a new laptop. Once
       | I play around for an hour I install Linux for the hardware
       | support and move on.
       | 
       | I can't wait until the experience is good enough that I can stay
       | on it.
        
         | FirmwareBurner wrote:
         | What advantages does FreeBSD bring on a laptop versus Linux?
        
           | mouse_ wrote:
           | Anecdotally speaking, in terms of battery life, BSDs (+macOS)
           | > Windows > Linux.
           | 
           | Linux does not play nice with batteries.
        
             | myaccountonhn wrote:
             | I suspect it has improved. I'm getting 8 hours out of my 5
             | year old T480s and I recall getting 4 hours or so when I
             | bought it.
        
               | rootnod3 wrote:
               | With which battery? Cause on my T480 with FreeBSD I can
               | ramp it to about 14 hours.
        
               | myaccountonhn wrote:
               | Recently installed this one
               | 
               | https://www.ifixit.com/products/lenovo-
               | thinkpad-t480s-batter...
               | 
               | Does the T480 have that much better battery? Maybe I'm
               | doing something wrong haha.
        
             | FirmwareBurner wrote:
             | Why could that be? Maybe the Linux distro you choose was
             | too bloated and caused battery drain?
        
               | rurban wrote:
               | Because of no proper battery management, which was only
               | recently merged.
        
               | tracker1 wrote:
               | It seems like the 6.16 and 6.17 kernels should allow for
               | some pretty good improvements on battery and sleep mgt
               | across more hardware from what I understand.
        
             | t-3 wrote:
             | That's not my experience at all. Macs are great on battery,
             | but BSDs are not, they are by far the worst. Linux usually
             | does ok, often better than windows, at least once properly
             | set up. I only run BSD on my "never leave home/stay
             | tethered" laptops because they only get 3-4 hours where
             | Linux will get 8-12.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | First-class ZFS support is pretty compelling for any usecase.
        
             | grahamjperrin wrote:
             | Kubuntu 25.04 here, root on OpenZFS thanks to the installer
             | for Ubuntu.
             | 
             | How is OpenZFS second class on Linux?
             | 
             | <https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/> is not perceptibly
             | FreeBSD-first.
        
               | SvenL wrote:
               | Cool, one of the best features of ZFS on FreeBSD is to
               | boot into a snapshot. ZFS boot environments are really
               | cool.
        
               | chungy wrote:
               | You can get that with ZFS Boot Menu on Linux too. It was
               | inspired by the FreeBSD boot loader.
        
               | vermaden wrote:
               | Root on ZFS is not a problem.
               | 
               | While You can spend some hours installing Linux with
               | ZFSBootMenu and LUKS encrypted Root on ZFS - there are
               | ZERO Linux distributions that allow ZFS Boot Environments
               | out of the box.
               | 
               | That is the reason 'why' Linux is not the first class ZFS
               | citizen.
        
               | grahamjperrin wrote:
               | LUKS-encrypted root on ZFS does not take hours. I chose
               | encryption when I installed the OS.
        
               | vermaden wrote:
               | When You make research how to make it for the first time
               | - it can - if you want to check at least several
               | different guides ... but that covers only the encryption
               | part.
               | 
               | There is also the ZFSBootMenu part ...
               | 
               | If you have done this at least once - noted the commands,
               | etc. - it will take shorter - but never shorter then
               | FreeBSD 'Auto (ZFS)' option in the bsdinstall(8)
               | installer where you just select the disk on which it
               | needs to happen and hit [ENTER] key.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | Not OP, but off the top of my head, it's a complete OS,
           | kernel and user land are released as a whole.
           | 
           | I last ran it about two decades ago, so it's been a while.
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | The browser and desktop and terminal you'll inevitably want
             | to use aren't any more part of that "complete" OS than they
             | are on Linux (and in many ways FreeBSD Ports is more
             | immature / less well-integrated than Linux packages).
        
           | vermaden wrote:
           | If you just want a browser and notepad - then ANY system
           | would do - even Android on X86 PC.
           | 
           | If you want a powerful development/work environment - and you
           | do like what and how Linux provides here - use Linux - but as
           | I was not satisfied with what/how Linux provided I looked
           | somewhere else and I landed in FreeBSD.
           | 
           | Here are some of the reasons and conclusions I came to after
           | using FreeBSD (and also Linux/AIX/HP-UX/Solaris in various
           | jobs) for about 20 years.
           | 
           | Here:
           | 
           | - https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2020/09/07/quare-freebsd/
        
             | crims0n wrote:
             | That was a good read, thank you.
        
               | vermaden wrote:
               | Thanks.
        
             | umbra07 wrote:
             | Have you ever tried Fedora Silverblue? It seems like it
             | would match FreeBSD's advantages, as listed in the first
             | section of your blog.
        
               | vermaden wrote:
               | I have tried multiple Linux system and besides faster
               | WiFi I never find what I look for on the Linux land - but
               | thank You for suggestion.
               | 
               | Also - even if I would be forced to use Linux - I would
               | probably setup it with ZFSBootMenu and Root on ZFS - I
               | believe Fedora does not allow any of these?
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | None. If you have a particular fondness for FreeBSD and its
           | particular set of behaviors: great. Then use it. If you
           | really like jails, and for some reason need them on a laptop,
           | and really don't like Linux containers, then, great.
        
           | spauldo wrote:
           | It's not so much about advantages as it is about making the
           | FreeBSD laptop experience better. A lot of people like
           | FreeBSD on the desktop but use Linux on laptops because Linux
           | has better support for those.
           | 
           | If you're not the type of person who wants to run FreeBSD as
           | a workstation, none of this will matter to you.
        
         | grahamjperrin wrote:
         | Not exactly a new laptop, but a few days ago I spent a similar
         | period (around an hour) toying with FreeBSD on an HP EliteBook
         | 660 16" (G11).
         | 
         | Very rough notes - things were rushed (squeezing as much as
         | possible into the end of a Friday afternoon):
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/freebsd/comments/1mey64f/hp_elitebo...
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | I keep waiting for the mythical day I can walk into a random
         | computer store, and pick a laptop on display with either
         | FreeBSD, or most common Linux distros, already pre-installed
         | and 100% supported hardware.
         | 
         | Last time I was able to do that was with netbooks, and even
         | those were mostly OEM specific distros without updates, if we
         | wanted to actually have 100% supported hardware.
        
       | throw0101a wrote:
       | "CURRENT" is scheduled become 15.0 by the end of the year:
       | 
       | * https://www.freebsd.org/releases/15.0R/schedule/
       | 
       | * https://www.freebsd.org/releases/15.0R/
        
         | cperciva wrote:
         | Technically it's already 15.0, but 15.0-CURRENT is scheduled to
         | branch off 15.0-STABLE, which then branches off 15.0-RELEASE.
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | I could do FreeBSD on my laptop I think. I don't play games, and
       | I've been wanting to play around with kqueue.
       | 
       | Is it sort of like OpenBSD? I liked their manpages and their
       | built in server thing (httpd). or is it completely different...
        
         | rootnod3 wrote:
         | Man pages are close enough to OpenBSD. Httpd is there, but
         | renamed to obhttpd. There are some differences between PF and
         | relayd for example, but not too difficult to switch.
        
         | nosioptar wrote:
         | One big difference is OpenBSD is easier.
         | 
         | For example, I installed FreeBSD on an old laptop and had to
         | fiddle with building Xorg to get a GUI. Same laptop on OpenBSD
         | just worked after running the installer.
        
           | cnst wrote:
           | Yup, that's because X is part of OpenBSD base system, called
           | xenocara, whereas in FreeBSD, you have to use the Ports tree
           | to install Xorg.
           | 
           | Ports tree in general is a great way to install third-party
           | software, but not necessarily for Xorg.
           | 
           | You still install KDE or GNOME through ports/packages on both
           | systems, but X being more tightly integrated with the base
           | system has benefits in reducing complexity for the rest of
           | the components.
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | is FreeBSD any worse than a minimalist linux distro like Arch
           | in this regard?
        
         | cnst wrote:
         | Traditionally, most FreeBSD developers would actually run OS X
         | on their laptops, whereas most OpenBSD developers would still
         | use OpenBSD even on laptops.
         | 
         | This was especially notable at BSD-wide events like BSDCan,
         | AsiaBSDCon, EuroBSDCon etc.
         | 
         | OpenBSD supports suspend to disk, whereas FreeBSD does not. (Is
         | this being changed as part of this laptop project?)
         | 
         | OpenBSD has always supported graphics, sound and other desktop
         | things in the default kernel, without having to tinker with
         | kernel config or loadable kernel modules. FreeBSD?
         | http://cr.yp.to/unix/feedme.html
         | 
         | Also, on OpenBSD, the basic X is part of the base system, in
         | the xenocara repository, and it basically just works, straight
         | from the default installer:
         | 
         | https://xenocara.org/
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenocara
         | 
         | OpenBSD actually does NOT support loadable kernel modules at
         | all, and you're strongly discouraged from running a customer
         | kernel, too. This has a side effect that both graphics and
         | sound works out of the box, since deviation from defaults is
         | discouraged, and if it didn't work by default, it'd not be
         | recommended in the first place.
         | 
         | On FreeBSD, even the most basic X stuff is part of the Ports
         | tree, which basically implies that most installations wouldn't
         | have it, and it's often far less integrated, and requires way
         | more tinkering, than xenocara on OpenBSD. For example, when you
         | know most of your installations wouldn't have X, would you have
         | graphics and sound support in the default kernel, or would that
         | require further tinkering of the kernel config and/or LKM?
         | 
         | (On both systems, you still install KDE and GNOME from
         | ports/packages, if needed, it's only the lightweight basic X
         | and WM stuff that's part of OpenBSD base xenocara.)
         | 
         | So, even though FreeBSD is faster and more popular in many
         | ways, to most people's surprise, OpenBSD actually has better
         | laptop support.
        
           | jcgrillo wrote:
           | This is very helpful information, thank you!
        
           | cperciva wrote:
           | _Traditionally, most FreeBSD developers would actually run OS
           | X on their laptops_
           | 
           | That was definitely true five years ago. At this year's
           | FreeBSD developer summit in Ottawa I saw more Framework
           | laptops than Apple laptops.
        
         | spauldo wrote:
         | FreeBSD cares about POSIX and traditional BSD compatibility
         | more than OpenBSD does, so it'll run more software than OpenBSD
         | can. That can be an upside or a downside depending on your
         | point of view - when OpenBSD breaks POSIX they do it for a
         | reason.
         | 
         | Man pages are just as good, and the Manual is a bit more
         | comprehensive.
        
           | rollcat wrote:
           | Can you name specific instances where OpenBSD broke POSIX?
           | 
           | Whichever man page I read, they always cite specific
           | standards. They also tend to follow the _de facto_ standards,
           | judging by the breadth of software in their ports tree (which
           | more often than not, is actually full of Linuxisms).
        
             | spauldo wrote:
             | It's not horribly common. If POSIX mandates something
             | insecure, OpenBSD will often break POSIX in favor of
             | security.
             | 
             | The simplest example is gets(3) doesn't exist in libc.
             | rand(3) and family aren't deterministic
             | (srand_deterministic(3) gives you that, but it's OpenBSD-
             | specific). There are others, but it's not something I think
             | about a lot so I can't think of them off the top of my
             | head.
             | 
             | If you're genuinely interested I'd recommend asking over at
             | DaemonForums. I'm sure someone has compiled a list
             | somewhere.
        
       | jcgrillo wrote:
       | I'm currently running FreeBSD on a gen3 Intel T14. It's been
       | excellent so far, however one minor annoyance has been S3
       | suspend/resume. Well, suspend works fine, but resuming triggers a
       | restart. I'm hoping the recent S0ix work might fix that.
        
         | grahamjperrin wrote:
         | Which version of FreeBSD, exactly?
         | 
         | freebsd-version -kru ; uname -aKU
         | 
         | pkg repos -el | sort -f
         | 
         | pkg repos -e | grep url
         | 
         | I'm not familiar with the meaning of T14, sorry.
         | 
         | Does the Wi-Fi hardware use iwlwifi(4)?
         | 
         | A kernel panic when waking from sleep might relate to the
         | graphics driver.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | > I'm not familiar with the meaning of T14, sorry.
           | 
           | They probably are telling you the model of laptop; ThinkPad
           | T14
        
       | jaypatelani wrote:
       | https://freebsdfoundation.org/blog/software-bill-of-material...
        
       | doublerabbit wrote:
       | I have been how very surprised how well supported FreeBSD has
       | been on my MSI Modern laptop.
       | 
       | zfs and boot encryption make it perfect.
        
       | vermaden wrote:
       | Earlier I used FreeBSD on ThinkPad W520 (because keyboard):
       | 
       | - https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2022/04/14/freebsd-13-1-on-th...
       | 
       | .. and recently moved to FrankenPad T25 that is based on T480
       | (because keyboard):
       | 
       | - https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2025/06/26/freebsd-14-3-on-fr...
       | 
       | I do everything on FreeBSD including work.
       | 
       | Some of the topics I covered:
       | 
       | - Unlock Laptop with Phone
       | 
       | - Conferencing and Meetings
       | 
       | - Netflix Signal Telegram
       | 
       | - Network Management with network.sh
       | 
       | - FreeBSD Power Management
       | 
       | - FreeBSD Suspend/Resume
       | 
       | - Oldschool Gaming on FreeBSD
       | 
       | - Minecraft Server in FreeBSD Jails Container
       | 
       | - Secure Containerized Browser
       | 
       | - Print on FreeBSD
       | 
       | - Scan on FreeBSD
       | 
       | - Sensible Firefox Setup
       | 
       | - Operate Android Device on FreeBSD
       | 
       | - FreeBSD Alongside Windows
       | 
       | To just name a few ... because I am slowly closing to 200 of
       | these FreeBSD related articles.                   % ls
       | ~/misc/verblog/POSTS | wc -l                                 175
       | 
       | Regards, vermaden
        
         | jcgrillo wrote:
         | Your blog was super helpful getting my machine set up, thanks!
        
           | vermaden wrote:
           | Thanks.
        
         | mcflubbins wrote:
         | > Operate Android Device on FreeBSD
         | 
         | Can you clarify by what this means? Does that mean running
         | Android in an emulator or something else? Thanks
        
           | vermaden wrote:
           | All the details are here:
           | 
           | - https://vermaden.wordpress.com/2024/10/29/operate-android-
           | de...
        
             | mcflubbins wrote:
             | Awesome thanks!
        
         | flobosg wrote:
         | > FrankenPad T25
         | 
         | TIL. It looks really nice!
        
           | vermaden wrote:
           | Thanks. Its basically ThinkPad T480 with just ThinkPad T25
           | Palm Rest and Keyboard ... the problem is that Lenovo only
           | made 5000 of these ThinkPad T25 ... and now all the ANSI US
           | keyboards are GONE.
           | 
           | I also have the original ThinkPad T25 ... but its I just
           | passed 2 years time of searching for ANSI US keyboard for it
           | ... they are just like ghosts.
        
       | net01 wrote:
       | Seeing modern standby is pretty insane in such a short time; it
       | was one of the most attended talks in the BSD talks at FOSDEM:
       | 
       | https://fosdem.org/2025/schedule/event/fosdem-2025-6390-wake...
       | 
       | Also pretty impressive because Aymeric started as a GSoC
       | contributor and is now sponsored to work on BSD by the
       | foundation.
        
         | da_chicken wrote:
         | "Short time"? Look, I appreciate that you mean the development
         | time for the feature to be added, but S0+network was introduced
         | over a decade ago. Early versions were in Windows 8. It shipped
         | in Windows 8.1 in 2013. Your link is from 2025 where they're
         | talking about S3 support no longer existing at the hardware
         | level.
         | 
         | I'm really happy BSD is getting support, but they literally
         | waited until hardware for the deprecated standard to cease to
         | exist before implementing the new support.
         | 
         | That's not a short amount of time.
        
           | wlesieutre wrote:
           | If this is what Microsoft called "connected standby" it's
           | worth noting that the early implementation of this even on
           | Surface hardware with Windows 8 was hot garbage. It liked to
           | wake itself up in your bag and completely drain the battery
           | while cooking the computer from lack of ventilation. I made a
           | point of always turning the Surface the whole way off any
           | time I packed it up because it was so unreliable. Best case
           | the battery drained like 5% per hour.
           | 
           | Hopefully the initial BSD implementation is better than
           | Windows did.
        
           | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
           | Even on Windows, the S0 era of sleep has been horrible.
           | Regular stories about laptops coming to life in the night:
           | fully draining the battery and/or cooking themselves in a
           | bag.
        
             | sevensor wrote:
             | My least favorite thing about the current generation of
             | laptops. Even fully powered off, they sometimes wake up and
             | run their batteries down to 0. I do not understand why this
             | behavior is allowed for a computer that's not plugged in to
             | mains.
        
       | e12e wrote:
       | Does anyone know if there's been any efforts towards running
       | freeBSD on arm64 laptops?
       | 
       | On Linux there's been some effort:
       | 
       | https://www.linaro.org/blog/linux-on-snapdragon-x-elite/
       | 
       | Ed: hn discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44699393
        
         | rjsw wrote:
         | The GPU drivers for Snapdragon are GPL 2.0 only, makes it hard
         | to use in FreeBSD. The drivers for GPUs used in X86 systems are
         | dual licenced so can be used outside Linux.
        
       | oiWecsio wrote:
       | s0ix is another great example that the world, or a bit more
       | precisely, "general purpose hardware", has been going to absolute
       | fucking shit.
       | 
       | Who the hell needs this crap? S3 used to be just perfect.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InstantGo
       | 
       | > [...] a Microsoft specification for Windows 8 (and later)
       | hardware and software that aims to bring smartphone-type power
       | management capabilities to the PC platform [...] allows the
       | operating system to continue performing background tasks, such as
       | updating content from apps, when a device is not being used [...]
       | 
       | We've all needed this like a big fucking kick in the groin.
       | "Modern standby" my ass.
       | 
       | Microsoft has great firmware engineers, but the functionality
       | they design, and then mandate, so that Windows can have its
       | rotten tentacles into the guts of the firmware, is absolutely
       | disgusting. Technically well implemented, but the goal is usually
       | terrible.
        
         | rollcat wrote:
         | They're of course trying to match Apple, except Apple has 100%
         | vertical integration, from CPU cores to apps.
         | 
         | This is the real challenge with "general purpose hardware". A
         | good product is distinguished by attention to detail.
        
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       (page generated 2025-08-07 23:01 UTC)