[HN Gopher] Project Hyperion: Interstellar ship design competition
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       Project Hyperion: Interstellar ship design competition
        
       Author : codeulike
       Score  : 80 points
       Date   : 2025-08-06 20:40 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.projecthyperion.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.projecthyperion.org)
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | Link to Canva presentation for the winning entry
       | 
       | https://www.canva.com/design/DAGmr3ubC8E/LHHAeeAIGGQe_TkZVs-...
        
         | virgildotcodes wrote:
         | Reading through this in detail just cements that we are never
         | leaving this solar system unless we discover some new physics
         | to get around our speed limitations.
        
           | kylecordes wrote:
           | c appears to be the speed limit of the propagation of
           | information in the universe - never say never, but so far it
           | appears quite unlikely any new physics will overturn this.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _we are never leaving this solar system unless we discover
           | some new physics to get around our speed limitations_
           | 
           | The winning proposal coasts at 0.01c. Propulsion systems--not
           | the speed of light--and thus engineering, not phsyics, are
           | the relevant limitors.
        
             | jvanderbot wrote:
             | We're one good new religion away from colonizing the solar
             | system.
             | 
             | Cathedrals were built over 100s of years. Imaging just
             | living in a massive one and your whole holy purpose is to
             | survive and thrive and spread.
             | 
             | It's _entirely_ reasonable we 'd have the will to make it
             | happen, and pretty reasonable we'd be able to build it with
             | planet scale effort, but sadly quite difficult to imagine
             | it surviving even dust impacts for 400 years.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _quite difficult to imagine it surviving even dust
               | impacts for 400 years_
               | 
               | Whipple shields [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whipple_shield
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | Pretty awesome. I feel like Paul Chadeisson should do a reward
         | render of the assembly/flight. Nobody does space "big stuff"
         | like he does.
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | > _Habitability for 1,000 +- 500 people over centuries_
       | 
       | Is this enough for a healthy breeding population?
        
         | c048 wrote:
         | It should be, but you can't be picky.
        
         | imzadi wrote:
         | I searched for "minimum space colony size," and the numbers are
         | all over the place. Some says as low as 50 and others are over
         | 40k.
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | The human population might have been reduced to as few as 1000
         | individuals at one point:
         | 
         | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq7487
        
           | frigidwalnut wrote:
           | Follow up work has shown that result is a statistical
           | artifact/does not replicate [1,2,3].
           | 
           | [1]https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article-
           | abstract/229/1/iya...
           | 
           | [2]https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/42/2/msaf041/8005733
           | 
           | [3]https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.25.586640v
           | 1
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | Are there two proposed bottlenecks, one at 900 kya and
             | another at 70 kya? I'd only really heard about the latter.
        
               | frigidwalnut wrote:
               | The paper linked in that post proposes a bottleneck at
               | 900Kya in the ancestors of all modern humans. There is a
               | bottleneck associated with the migration out of Africa
               | and the peopling of the world that many populations have,
               | but not all. Based on genetic data the timing is between
               | 100-50Kya, with a lot of the uncertainty coming from
               | converting generation times to years (i.e. how many years
               | on average between parents and offspring). This is a nice
               | reference: https://sci-
               | hub.se/https://www.nature.com/articles/nature213...
        
         | herval wrote:
         | most importantly, will we carry 1000 of the best minds of our
         | generation, 1000 hairdressers/insurance salesmen/management
         | consultants or 1000 billionaires and their direct families?
        
           | throwawayoldie wrote:
           | I vote 1000 billionaires and family. Then the rest of us can
           | get to work repairing the damage they've done.
        
           | didgeoridoo wrote:
           | Downvoters apparently still sore about the Golgafrinchan B
           | Ark incident.
        
         | moonlion_eth wrote:
         | bruh noah did it with 2
        
           | AtlasBarfed wrote:
           | Facts?
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | There were 8: Noah, his wife, their three sons (Shem, Ham,
           | and Japheth), and their three wives. If so, there must have
           | been a whole of inbreeding in later generations.
           | 
           | Aside: The biblical story of the Ark and the flood in ripped
           | off wholesale from Sumerian and Akkadian narratives.
        
         | Tuna-Fish wrote:
         | That's a problem that's easy to fix with a fridge and a bunch
         | of embryos. They take practically no space.
        
           | BizarroLand wrote:
           | The question is how well will they hold up for 400 years?
           | 
           | Well, that, and how do you ensure that the people 400 years
           | from now would know what they are for or how to implant them?
           | 
           | Lots of unknowns. Would make for an interesting story though
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _how do you ensure that the people 400 years from now
             | would know what they are for or how to implant them?_
             | 
             | A ship travelling at 0.01c for 400 years could get 4 ly
             | away. They'd still be able to be coached. More likely:
             | their computers would still be able to be updated.
        
       | cluckindan wrote:
       | This seems like a VaultTec idea.
        
       | airstrike wrote:
       | When can we start?
        
       | poisonborz wrote:
       | I doubt the human psyche is capable of such a voyage while being
       | awake the whole time. Even with all the toys and biomes, life
       | will get boring and pointless fast, producing unfulfilled needs,
       | disorder, conflict and revolt. People can't be ants in a colony
       | working for such a narrowly defined goal through a lifetime,
       | especially not multi-generationally. Our existence is based on
       | constant questioning and revolutions. A 400 year travel to an
       | unknown, possibly empty, lifeless target, however historic, is
       | not something that can keep a society running long term.
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | I suspect it'll be easier to adapt the human species to be
         | compatible with long-duration travel than to design spaceships
         | to accommodate humans as-is.
        
           | Qem wrote:
           | Reminds me of this:
           | https://www.badspacecomics.com/post/rivers-end
        
             | hermitcrab wrote:
             | That was cheery!
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | The whole equation changes pretty drastically if we had a
           | practical hibernation or biological stasis technology (I hate
           | saying cryosleep, though in practice we know freezing things
           | pauses them - see the 31 year old embryo baby recently).
           | 
           | Like do you really care how long it takes to get somewhere if
           | it subjectively happens in the blink of an eye? Would you
           | even necessarily be likely to lose your own peer group if you
           | all spent significant time in hibernation travel between
           | meetings?
        
         | ttemPumpinRary wrote:
         | Menonites in space. Autistic astronauts only.
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | Give the people some Minecraft on steroids and they wouldn't
         | notice how half-century flew by.
         | 
         | Or those people of the past who would for generations not leave
         | their village/county doing the same thing generation after
         | generation.
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | I think the problems would come in the 2nd generation, who
           | didn't choose to go on the mission.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | To be fair, no human born on our current Earthship asked to
             | go on our current mission.
        
             | trhway wrote:
             | I think we even today have enough propaganda and religion
             | experience to make sure that the next generations would be
             | happy to see themselves as the chosen ones, etc.
             | 
             | (small case in point - back in USSR we were happy that we
             | were born in that wonderful country USSR and not in those
             | decadent dangerous inhumane capitalist societies of the
             | West where people were forced to struggle everyday to avoid
             | becoming one of those numerous hungry homeless filling to
             | the brim the dirty decaying cities of the West which they
             | were showing us on the Soviet TV while we were supposedly
             | on a mission to build better/higher/ideal society
             | consisting of a new better entity "Soviet man" - "The
             | Soviet man was to be selfless, learned, healthy, muscular,
             | and enthusiastic in spreading the communist Revolution."
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Soviet_man - note how the
             | first 4 qualities work for interstellar, and they are
             | pretty common among various other ideologies and religions,
             | and the specific target for the 5th - for the enthusiasm -
             | is just adjusted according the specific ideology or
             | religion, and "spreading human civilization" wouldn't be
             | even half-bad like some others out there)
        
             | silverquiet wrote:
             | Heidegger would say that all humans are thrown into
             | existence and into circumstances that they did not choose.
             | In some sense, we are currently on a large spaceship, and I
             | assume some mission chosen for us by our predecessors.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _doubt the human psyche is capable of such a voyage while
         | being awake the whole time_
         | 
         | The human population fell to fewer than 10,000--possibly under
         | one hundred--in the last Ice Age [1][-1]. There were almost
         | certainly bands of fewer than 1,000 individuals who had to
         | migrate for generations.
         | 
         | > _life will get boring and pointless fast_
         | 
         | Maybe on v1000. The first tens could expect a constant war
         | footing against entropy and the unknown.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2012/10/22/163397584/h...
         | 
         | [-1] _Possible counterfactual_ :
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44818098
        
           | estearum wrote:
           | The people who had to migrate had a front row seat (and
           | supporting role) to the greatest show in the known universe:
           | life on earth.
           | 
           | Nature produces a truly unlimited amount of novelty,
           | especially if you're moving through it.
        
         | levocardia wrote:
         | You're on a voyage through space in a big spaceship right now!
        
           | jvanderbot wrote:
           | Right! And it's got crops, jobs, and a _very_ small social
           | circle and living quarter allocated for you. And you dream of
           | more but are secretly happy with less.
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | Polynesians took enormous risks to populate the pacific.
         | 
         | Medieval builders built Catherdrals that they knew wouldn't be
         | finished in their lifetime.
         | 
         | Heading off on a multi-generation mission with no guarantee of
         | success is not for most people. But there are billions of us.
         | I'm sure they would easily find enough people to crew a
         | mission.
        
           | trvz wrote:
           | It would be cruel to their children.
        
             | simonh wrote:
             | As adults we make our decisions as best we can. We can't
             | not make decisions, and the ones we do affect future
             | generations whether they like it or not. That's just life.
             | 
             | Having said that I worry about the sustainability of these
             | projects. If these are not indefinitely sustainable on
             | arrival, then future generations are doomed to die out with
             | no hope of survival. I've no problem with a carefully
             | judged risk, there are no guarantees in life, but there has
             | to at least be a reasonable chance.
        
         | ofalkaed wrote:
         | People are not the monolithic group you seem to think them to
         | be and in my experience most people adapt fairly quickly to
         | their situation once they realize there is nothing they can do
         | to change it.
        
         | Aaargh20318 wrote:
         | Particles are indistinguishable, this means that the specific
         | particles that make up a physical object (like a human) are not
         | important, you could replace all of them with different
         | particles, ship of Theseus style, and it would be the same
         | object.
         | 
         | What makes an object unique then is the specific configuration
         | of the particles that make up that object. This configuration
         | is a form of information.
         | 
         | Fortunately, we already know how to transmit information at the
         | speed of light; no new physics required. This then reduces the
         | problem to transporting the 'printer'. No generation ship
         | required. You need something that harvests particles locally
         | and can receive a stream of data with what to print. You can
         | bootstrap this, send a tiny particle harvester/printer that can
         | print a slightly larger printer, etc.
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | it is not clear to me that getting an autonomous 'printer' to
           | function from 4 years away is any easier than creating an
           | interstellar colony ship.
           | 
           | It also remains to be seen if you can 'print' a complex
           | biological object, like a human.
        
             | eamsen wrote:
             | You are being printed, every day, cell by cell.
        
           | eamsen wrote:
           | One distant day they'll wonder who began them. Do you sign
           | the work?
        
           | alanbernstein wrote:
           | What "current and neat future technologies" do you suggest
           | using for this approach?
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | Most people don't leave a pretty small radius around work/home
         | for most their life. All you need is a religion/lifestyle built
         | around it and the people factor is pretty easy.
         | 
         | I mean think about what we do all day. We stay in our little
         | rooms, pushing some tasks we're told to do, and cherish our
         | friends, spouses, and kids, and then we die without seeing
         | 99.9999% of the spaceship we're _already_ riding (Earth).
        
       | Paul_S wrote:
       | I love that most of those designs give bigger houses to people in
       | a spaceship than modern houses in the UK on planet earth.
       | 
       | Love the designs, doubt democracy would get them through more
       | than 250 days, let alone 250 years.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _love that most of those designs give bigger houses to people
         | in a spaceship than modern houses in the UK on planet earth_
         | 
         | Would such a project be particularly volume constrained?
         | 
         | > _doubt democracy would get them through more than 250 days,
         | let alone 250 years_
         | 
         | I don't. You'd be selecting for extraordinary individuals and
         | educating them. These sorts of societies propagated for
         | hundreds or even thousands of years in antiquity just fine.
         | 
         | The colonists be in a life-or-death system in a community small
         | enough that everyone knows of everyone else personally. To the
         | extent humans are almost uniquely exceptional at one thing as a
         | hominid, it's exploration and colonization--I woudn't be
         | surprised if this group winds up _more_ functional due to
         | scratching an underlying human need to explore and push
         | boundaries.
        
           | hermitcrab wrote:
           | >Would such a project be particularly volume constrained?
           | 
           | It would be mass constrained because of the sheer cost of
           | getting it all into orbit, even with advanced tech such as
           | space elevator. And more volumne = more mass.
           | 
           | There is a saying in aerospace design along the lines of
           | 'weight breeds weight'. Heavier components necessitate
           | stronger, and therefore heavier, supporting structures.
        
           | Paul_S wrote:
           | Are you telling me a country is more constrained by space
           | than a spaceship?
           | 
           | As for democracy "These sorts of societies propagated for
           | hundreds or even thousands of years in antiquity just fine" -
           | I don't know of any that practised the consensus driven
           | democracy that almost all these proposals use. Ant if you're
           | reaching into antiquity then not even normal democracies.
           | Unless you're talking about a Athens with their slaves and
           | adult male citizen population having a vote. In which case
           | sure, I can get behind that but that's not what those
           | spaceship designs propose. They all assume all decisions will
           | be unanimous and no one will ever break the law.
           | 
           | In actual fact history proves the opposite and all
           | exploration and conquest is driven by strict hierarchical
           | organisations and the idea that you can fly a spaceship
           | across light years without a captain who can condemn people
           | to death is laughable.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _a country is more constrained by space than a
             | spaceship?_
             | 
             | At the point that we're building 60 km spaceships, yes, I
             | think that's a possibility.
             | 
             | > _you 're reaching into antiquity then not even normal
             | democracies_
             | 
             | The further back we go the more consensus-driven small
             | societies get. I'm also reaching back due to familiarity.
             | There are plenty of small island communities that did fine
             | for generations on their own.
             | 
             | > _They all assume all decisions will be unanimous and no
             | one will ever break the law_
             | 
             | Sorry, I missed this in the winning design. Where does it
             | say that?
             | 
             | > _all exploration and conquest is driven by strict
             | hierarchical organisations_
             | 
             | If you need to bring an army, yes. I don't think we know
             | how hierarchical Polynesian settlers were.
        
       | cvoss wrote:
       | This feels like the grown-up ideological successor to the
       | International Space Settlement Design Competition for high school
       | students. That was (is? anyone still in the know?) a competition
       | that ran for years out of NASA Houston as a pet project of some
       | engineers and contractors who wanted to engage and cultivate the
       | next generation of aerospace minds.
       | 
       | Teams would submit proposals for the design of a permanent space
       | settlement (sometimes on the surface of a body, sometimes
       | orbiting). Winners from across the world were invited to compete
       | together live in 4 huge multi-national teams to design and pitch
       | another settlement over a long sleepless weekend. As a two-time
       | finalist, I can say it was an incredible experience for so many
       | reasons.
       | 
       | This new competition seems like its goal is to actually take the
       | design/ideation of working professionals as a serious output, as
       | opposed to the educational value of simulating this sort of thing
       | for students, which is what drove the ISSDC.
        
       | nobodyandproud wrote:
       | Tweens and teenagers in space: What can possibly go wrong?
        
         | kridsdale3 wrote:
         | I thought preservation of the species was the goal
        
       | vFunct wrote:
       | I'm here just wondering if people get dizzy in a spinning space
       | station...
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | A large spacecraft doesn't have to spin very fast to simulate
         | 1g. So probably not.
        
           | BizarroLand wrote:
           | 2-3 rpm seems to be the speeds from the winning submission,
           | varying depending on which level you're on. (Closer to the
           | center = faster rotation to equal 1g).
           | 
           | I bet that their descendants would find the idea of
           | seasickness amusing, since they would probably be nearly
           | immune to it.
        
           | TuringNYC wrote:
           | I was always curious about this. In some of the star wars
           | movies, you dont see any spin, yet they are not floating
           | around (e.g., notice how Orson Krennic has a backdrop of a
           | planet, isnt floating, yet the planet isnt spinning
           | https://allfortheboys.com/ben-mendelsohn/)
           | 
           | I know Interstellar did not ignore the spin, but do movies
           | like Star Wars just ignore the entire concept?
        
       | Doublon wrote:
       | I'll admit it: I've clicked because of the books....
        
         | desultir wrote:
         | the shrike has noted your interest
        
       | 0_____0 wrote:
       | 58km long, 6km diameter cylinder. 60km is about the distance from
       | central San Jose to SF, as the crow flies.
        
       | Mistletoe wrote:
       | What's the cost for getting all that to space? Is it still about
       | $4,000/kg?
       | 
       | What's a rough idea about how much Chrysalis would weigh?
       | 
       | 2.4M tons it says. ~2.2B kg = $8.8 trillion dollars just for the
       | launch costs alone?
       | 
       | I also thought this was interesting from the 2nd place booklet.
       | Did not know this.
       | 
       | >The chance of a successful pregnancy in deep space without a
       | geomagnetic field is essentially zero.
       | 
       | >During mitosis and meiosis, microtubules depend on a stable
       | magnetic field to orient the mitotic spindle and ensure accurate
       | chromosome segregation -- processes critical for embryonic
       | growth. A spacecraft lacking any magnetic field would halt human
       | reproduction, dooming both the mission and the survival of the
       | colony.
        
         | hermitcrab wrote:
         | it would be a lot more practical with a space elevator.
        
       | bobabob wrote:
       | Why does it say the Chrysalis spends 400 years in inertial age at
       | 0.01c if it accelerates for 1 year at 0.1g? That should bring it
       | to actually ~0.1c and the whole trip would take less than 15
       | years.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | An interstellar ship is indistinguishable from a generational
       | colony ship because there's no way to realistically travel
       | between stars in timelines that don't span generations unless we
       | extend human lifetimes to centuries or longer. That's possible
       | but doesn't change the trael times. It just means you live to the
       | destination rather than your descedants do.
       | 
       | And let's aside the serious ethical issue of you choosing to
       | board such a ship vs the offspring you have who definitely did
       | not consent, some of whom may not even make it to the
       | destination.
       | 
       | So a generational colony ship looks a lot like an O'Neil Cylinder
       | [1]. It can spin to create 1g gravity and support enough people
       | to make it to the destination.
       | 
       | The issue is energy. An orbital can support itself with solar
       | power when around a star and doesn't need a form of propulsion.
       | An interstellar ship will need an alternative energy source and
       | also have a propulsion system that can sufficiently accelerate
       | and decelerate. The energy budget for the propulsion is so large
       | that the life support energy budget is a rounding error.
       | 
       | The only realistic policy I see is solar sails. This avoids the
       | reaction mass issue. You need to decelerate at the other end.
       | Part of that you get from drag in the interstellar medium. You
       | either carry reaction mass for the rest or you go ahead and use
       | automated systems to build the solar sail equivalent on the other
       | end to decelerate you.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%27Neill_cylinder
        
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