[HN Gopher] The hype is the product
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The hype is the product
        
       Author : lr0
       Score  : 125 points
       Date   : 2025-07-30 17:50 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (rys.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (rys.io)
        
       | murdockq wrote:
       | This is kind of obvious because the internal incentives for
       | employees (who make lots of product decisions) are based on stock
       | being more than half of staff compensation comes via RSUs.
        
       | johndhi wrote:
       | I liked this analysis quite a bit. A few reactions:
       | 
       | (1) I don't think a tech company having a monopoly is necessary
       | for a tech company to stop caring about their customers and focus
       | on hype instead. Plenty of public tech companies do this, just to
       | chase stock price and investors.
       | 
       | (2) It's weirdly the opposite mindset that Bezos talked about in
       | that famous old video where he talks about "creating the best
       | experience for the customer" is his business strategy.
       | Interesting. I think ultimately companies may be misguided --
       | because, in fact, ChatGPT is succeeding because they created a
       | better search experience. And hype bandwagoners may fail because,
       | long-term, customers don't like their products. In other words,
       | this is a bad strategy.
       | 
       | (3) what's weird about AI -- and I guess all hype trains -- is
       | how part of me feels like it's hype, but part of me also sees the
       | value in investing in it and its potential. The hype train itself
       | and the crazy amount of money being spent on it almost defacto
       | means it IS important and WILL be important. It's like a market
       | and consumer interest has been created by the hype machine
       | itself.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | > ChatGPT is succeeding because they created a better search
         | experience
         | 
         | Funny enough, no "AI" prophet is mentioning that, in spite of
         | it being the most useful thing about LLMs.
         | 
         | What I wonder is how long it will last. LLMs are being fed
         | their own content by now, and someone will surely want to
         | "monetize" it after the VC money starts to dry up a bit. At
         | least two paths to entshittification.
        
           | api wrote:
           | "A junior intern who has memorized the Internet" is how one
           | member of our team described it and it's still one of the
           | best descriptions of these things I've heard.
           | 
           | Sometimes I think these things are more like JPEGs for
           | knowledge expressed as language. They're more AM (artificial
           | memory) than AI (artificial intelligence). It's a blurry line
           | though. They can clearly do things that involve reasoning,
           | but it's arguably because that's latent in the training data.
           | So a JPEG is an imperfect analogy since lossy image
           | compressors can't do any reasoning about images.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | > They can clearly do things that involve reasoning
             | 
             | No.
             | 
             | > but it's arguably because that's latent in the training
             | data.
             | 
             | The internet is just bigger than what a single human can
             | encounter.
             | 
             | Plus a single human isn't likely to be able to afford to
             | pay for all that training data the "AI" peddlers have
             | pirated :)
        
               | peterlk wrote:
               | A dismissive "no" is not a helpful addition to this
               | discussion. The truth is much more interesting and subtle
               | than "no". Directed stochastic processes that reach a
               | correct conclusion of novel logic problems more often
               | than chance means that something interesting is
               | happening, and it's sensible to call that process
               | "reasoning". Does it mean that we've reached AGI? No.
               | Does it mean the process reflects exactly what humans do?
               | No. But dismissing "reasoning" out of hand also dismisses
               | genuinely interesting phenomena.
        
               | LamaOfRuin wrote:
               | Only if you redefine "reasoning". This is something that
               | the generative AI industry has succeeded in convincing
               | many people of, but that doesn't mean everyone has to
               | accede to that change.
               | 
               | It's true that something interesting is happening. GP did
               | not dispute that. That doesn't make it reasoning, and
               | many people still believe that words should have meaning
               | in order to discuss things intelligently. Language is
               | ultimately a living thing and will inevitably change.
               | This usually involves people fighting the change and no
               | one know ahead of time which side will win.
        
               | ToValueFunfetti wrote:
               | It would be useful to supply a definition if your point
               | is that others' definition is wrong. Are you saying they
               | don't deduct inferences from premises? Is it "deduct"
               | that you take issue with?
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | They do not perform voluntary exploration of the
               | consequences of applying logical rules for deduction; at
               | best they pattern-match. Their model of conceptual
               | meaning (which last I checked still struggles with
               | negation, meta-reference and even simply identifying
               | irrelevant noise) is not grounded in actual observational
               | experience, but only in correlations between text tokens.
               | 
               | I think it should be abundantly clear that what ChatGPT
               | does when you ask it to play chess is fundamentally
               | different from what Stockfish does. It isn't just weak
               | and doesn't just make embarrassing errors in generating
               | legal moves (like a blindfolded human might); it doesn't
               | actually "read" and it generates post-hoc rationalization
               | for its moves (which may not be at all logically sound)
               | rather than choosing them with purpose.
               | 
               | There are "reasoning models" that improve on this
               | somewhat, but cf.
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44455124 from a few
               | weeks ago, and my commentary there
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44473615 .
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | > Only if you redefine "reasoning". This is something
               | that the generative AI industry has succeeded in
               | convincing many people of, but that doesn't mean everyone
               | has to accede to that change.
               | 
               | I agree. However, they _can_ clearly do a reasonable
               | facsimile of many things that we previously believed
               | required reasoning to do acceptably.
        
               | peterlk wrote:
               | I don't think we need to redefine reasoning. Here's the
               | definition of "reason" (the verb): "think, understand,
               | and form judgments by a process of logic"
               | 
               | If Claude 4 provides a detailed, logical breakdown in its
               | "reasoning" (yeah, that usage is overloaded), then we
               | could say that there was logical inference involved. "But
               | wait!", I already hear someone saying, "That token output
               | is just the result of yet another stochastic process, and
               | isn't directing the AI in a deterministic, logical way,
               | and thus it is not actually using logic; it's just making
               | something that looks convincingly like logic, but is
               | actually a hallucination of some stochastic process". And
               | I think this is a good point, but I find it difficult to
               | convince myself that what humans are doing is so
               | different that we cannot use the word "reasoning".
               | 
               | As a sidenote, I am _very_ tired of the semantic quagmire
               | that is the current AI industry, and I would really
               | appreciate a rigorous guide to all these definitions.
        
               | exasperaited wrote:
               | > A dismissive "no" is not a helpful addition to this
               | discussion.
               | 
               | Yes, your "no" must be more upbeat! Even if it's correct.
               | You must be willing to temper the truth of it with
               | something that doesn't hurt the feelings of the massive.
               | 
               | > Does it mean that we've reached AGI? No. Does it mean
               | the process reflects exactly what humans do? No.
               | 
               | But here it's fine to use a "No." because these are your
               | straw men, right?
               | 
               | Is it just wrong to use a "No." when it's not in safety
               | padding for the overinvested?
        
               | GoblinSlayer wrote:
               | I have a hunch it can reflect what humans do "A junior
               | intern who has memorized the Internet and talks without
               | thinking on permanent autopilot". We're just surprised
               | how much humans can do without thinking.
        
             | zahlman wrote:
             | > "A junior intern who has memorized the Internet"
             | 
             | ... who can also type at superhuman speeds, but has no
             | self-awareness, creativity or initiative.
        
         | Snarwin wrote:
         | > ChatGPT is succeeding because they created a better search
         | experience
         | 
         | Or perhaps because Google created a worse search experience.
        
           | leptons wrote:
           | The only thing I find bad about Google search now is their
           | "AI" summary, which is often just wrong. I can deal with ads
           | in the search results, I expect them, and I have no doubt ads
           | will be shown in ChatGPT search results too, because they are
           | bleeding money. And ChatGPT is under no obligation to show
           | you anything with any accuracy, which is what the underlying
           | tech is based on - guessing. Thanks, I'll take my chances
           | with actual search results.
        
             | sheiyei wrote:
             | I think AI evangelists avoid talking about search because
             | AI is why every internet search engine sucks. I use
             | DuckDuckGo and Startpage, and when trying to find answers
             | to nontrivial questions I get ONLY AI spam sites as
             | results. (Come up with 1500 semi-specific SEO-friendly
             | articles vaguely relating to subject the theme of website
             | N. Then repeat until N=100
             | 
             | And shortly enough, AI is not even going to help with
             | searching - it will eat its own s*t and offer that as
             | answers. Unless the AI giants find some >99.99% way to
             | filter out their own toxic waste from the training data.
        
               | strange_quark wrote:
               | What you're saying is totally correct about AI slop
               | polluting the web, but the reason they don't want to talk
               | about it is because the second they frame "AI" as
               | slightly better search, it invites all sorts of
               | unfavorable financial comparisons. It also deflates the
               | hype because now you're talking about a better version of
               | a thing everyone is familiar with instead of some magical
               | new buzzword like "agent" or "RAG" or whatever we're
               | going to be talking about next year when agents don't
               | work.
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | There was a period I remember fondly when the SEO slop
               | was still mostly human generated because AI couldn't
               | quite do it yet, and I was getting _much_ better results
               | from DDG than from Google. Now it 's _all_ despair-
               | inducing.
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | "what's weird about AI -- and I guess all hype trains -- is how
         | part of me feels like it's hype, but part of me also sees the
         | value in investing in it and its potential."
         | 
         | The DotCom bubble is an instructive historical example. Pretty
         | much every wild promise made during the bubble has manifested,
         | right down to delivering pet food. It's just that for the
         | bubble to have been worthwhile, we would essentially have had
         | the internet of 2015 or 2020 delivered in 2001.
         | 
         | (And because people forget, it is not too far off to say that
         | would be like trying to deliver the internet of 2020 on
         | machines with specs comparable to a Nintendo Wii. I'm trying to
         | pick a game console as a sort of touchpoint, and there probably
         | isn't a perfect comparison, but based on the machines I had in
         | 2000 the specs are roughly inline with a Wii, at least by the
         | numbers. Though the Wii would have murdered my 2000-era laptop
         | on graphics.)
         | 
         | I don't know that the AI bubble will have a similar 20-year
         | lag, but I also think it's out over its skis. What we have now
         | is both extremely impressive, but also not justifying the
         | valuations being poured into it in the here & now. There's no
         | contradiction there. In fact if you look at history there's
         | been all sorts of similar cases of promising technologies being
         | grotesquely over-invested in, even though they were
         | transformative and amazing. If you want to go back further in
         | history, the railroad bubble also has some similarities to the
         | Dot Com bubble. It's not that railroad wasn't in fact a
         | completely transformative technology, it's just that the random
         | hodgepodge of a hundred companies slapping random sizes and
         | shapes of track in half-random places wasn't worth the
         | valuations they were given. The promise took decades longer to
         | manifest.
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | > (And because people forget, it is not too far off to say
           | that would be like trying to deliver the internet of 2020 on
           | machines with specs comparable to a Nintendo Wii. I'm trying
           | to pick a game console as a sort of touchpoint, and there
           | probably isn't a perfect comparison, but based on the
           | machines I had in 2000 the specs are roughly inline with a
           | Wii, at least by the numbers. Though the Wii would have
           | murdered my 2000-era laptop on graphics.)
           | 
           | It depresses me to think how much of the 2020 Internet (or
           | 2025 Internet) _that is actually of value_ really _ought to_
           | be able to run on hardware that old.
           | 
           | Or so I imagine, anyway. I wonder if anyone's tried to
           | benchmark simple CSS transitions and SVG rendering on ancient
           | CPUs.
        
             | BobbyTables2 wrote:
             | Also in the amount of data.
             | 
             | Ever remember waiting something like hour to watch a
             | 60-second movie preview over dialup?
             | 
             | I get a reminder every time I load a modern website in an
             | area with very poor reception. Appears to not load at all
             | --- not due to lack of connectivity but rather due the
             | speeds and latencies being too slow for the amount of crap
             | being fetched.
             | 
             | GPRS and EDGE were many times faster than dialup -- must
             | have been a dream -- but now utterly unusable.
        
               | zahlman wrote:
               | That is indeed one of the differences I had in mind.
        
           | lubujackson wrote:
           | It is a valuable and relevant lesson - when something wide
           | and structural manifests (personal computing, the internet,
           | smartphones, AI), lots of people will be able to see the
           | coming future with high fidelity, but will tend to
           | underestimate the speed of change. Because we gloss over all
           | the many, many small challenges to get from point A to B.
           | 
           | Yes, now it feels like something like smartphones came of age
           | overnight and was always inevitable. But it really took more
           | than a decade to reach the level of integration and polish
           | that we now take for granted. UI on phone apps was terrible,
           | speeds were terrible, screens resolutions were terrible,
           | processing was minimal, battery didn't last, roaming
           | charges/3g coverage, etc. For years, you couldn't pinch to
           | zoom on an iPhone, stuff like that.
           | 
           | All these structural problems were rubbed away over time and
           | eventually forgotten. But so many of these small tweaks
           | needed to take place before we could "fill in the blanks" and
           | reach the level of ubiquity for something like an Uber driver
           | using their phone for directions.
        
             | mrob wrote:
             | UI on phone apps still is terrible. Have you ever used a
             | desktop with high-end gaming peripherals (fast
             | monitor/keyboard/mouse), running a light desktop
             | environment such as LXQt on Xorg, with animations disabled?
             | The feeling of responsiveness leaves all mobile devices in
             | the dust. Any modern CPU+SSD is fast enough, but good
             | peripherals are still rare and make a huge difference. Most
             | phones are still running 60Hz displays. A touchscreen is
             | inherently clumsy compared to mouse+keyboard. Mobile UI
             | feel is worse than desktop computers from the 90s.
        
         | zahlman wrote:
         | > It's weirdly the opposite mindset that Bezos talked about in
         | that famous old video where he talks about "creating the best
         | experience for the customer" is his business strategy.
         | 
         | A big part of hype as a business strategy is to convince
         | potential customers that you intend to create the best
         | experience for them. And the simplest approach to that task is
         | to say it outright.
         | 
         | > in fact, ChatGPT is succeeding because they created a better
         | search experience.
         | 
         | Sure. But they don't market it like that, and a large fraction
         | of people reporting success with ChatGPT don't seem to be
         | characterizing their experiences that way. Even if you discount
         | the people explicitly attempting to, well, chat with it.
        
         | mattigames wrote:
         | "Created a better search experience" sure, just like eating
         | human meat would create a better dinning experience because
         | there is a lot of humans near you, at the end of the day what
         | "AI" is doing is butchering a bunch of websites and giving you
         | a blend, in the progress making you no longer required to enter
         | those websites that needed you to do so to survive, because
         | they are monetized by third party ads or some paid offering.
        
       | GuinansEyebrows wrote:
       | "The spectacle is the inverted image of society in which
       | relations between commodities have supplanted relations between
       | people, in which 'passive identification with the spectacle
       | supplants genuine activity'." [0]
       | 
       | I read _The Society of the Spectacle_ too young and it broke me
       | forever :(
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Society_of_the_Spectacle
        
       | h2zizzle wrote:
       | Hype is the product, and what it's the product of is a wealth
       | imbalance that forces capital into (and I apologize in advance
       | for the ire this characterization is likely to cause) Stupid
       | Boomer Things. That is, the way the oldest and wealthiest
       | Americans want to live and/or what they think will make them the
       | most money.
       | 
       | Poor old people don't like this kind of change because it has
       | historically come at their expense. Young people don't like this
       | new tech because they recognize it (to varying degrees of
       | correctness) as pulling up the ladder on entry-level positions,
       | decimating the social and knowledge landscape (particularly the
       | treacherous, abyssal seas that used to be the World Wide Web),
       | amd drawing capital away from green tech and social investment
       | and into climate change-exacerbating energy usage and
       | construction. But they don't have the capital to dictate
       | investment decisions, so no one cares.
       | 
       | I don't think this changes without some sort of economic
       | "catastrophe" that redistributes wealth fast enough that the
       | current arbiters can't get their legs back under themselves in
       | time to prevent it. That's why you keep seeing all of these weird
       | and novel tactics to forestall even the hint of a recession, and
       | why so many young people are practically begging for, say, a
       | repeat of 2008.
       | 
       | Edit: Also, I really like this site's layout on my phone. It
       | feels fresh and performant.
        
         | leptons wrote:
         | >Stupid Boomer Things
         | 
         | Ageism is never a good look. There are smart and stupid people
         | in every age group.
        
           | h2zizzle wrote:
           | Doesn't matter. If a system's purpose is what it does, a
           | people's priorities are what they invest in, in aggregate.
           | Boomers hold outsize wealth and have steered America's
           | economic and political ship for most of the lives of the
           | younger generations. So the current crop of Stupid Things are
           | mostly Stupid Boomer Things (or else they wouldn't exist, as
           | there would be no money or political will to sustain them).
           | 
           | Refusing to take responsibility isn't a good look, either. So
           | is derailing with respectability gripes. Let's solve the
           | problem at hand.
        
             | leptons wrote:
             | >Refusing to take responsibility isn't a good look, either
             | 
             | You want me to take responsibility for how other people in
             | my age group vote (not that I am a boomer, I'm not)? That's
             | your argument?
             | 
             | Thanks but no thanks for this ridiculous comment thread.
        
         | lo_zamoyski wrote:
         | Your political and moral imagination in hampered by the uber-
         | adversarial and totally transactional understanding of human
         | nature that the liberal worldview presupposes (by "liberal", I
         | mean the hyperindividualistic ethos in the tradition of Hobbes,
         | Locke, and Mill). That's why you flirt with what sounds like
         | socialist-style redistribution as the only option and view
         | capital as an enemy of labor.
         | 
         | In the liberal worldview, private property has prior existence.
         | The common good is understood as a concession, a derivative
         | good composed of that which is ceded from private property.
         | Human beings are viewed as atomized units, and society is
         | consequently viewed as a fluctuating miasma of transactional
         | relationships.
         | 
         | In the classical view, the common good has prior existence, and
         | private property exists _for the sake of the common good_ (we
         | avoid a whole lot of grief and social strife by having private
         | property; properly disposed, it is a successful means of
         | distribution). Capital and labor are not construed as
         | necessarily opposed. Rather, in a society in which cooperative
         | relationships for mutual benefit are the rule (in place of a
         | market driven by exploitation), capital and labor are friends.
         | Both have skin in the game by assuming risk. In the classical
         | view, workers are owed at least a family wage as a matter of
         | justice. If we have a billionaire who fails to pay his
         | employees adequately, then we have someone who quite literally
         | has robbed his employees. Human relationships are not confined
         | to merely the transactional, and we have duties toward society
         | that precede our consent.
         | 
         | According to a liberal view, if a famine strikes a region and
         | some guy has a warehouse full of food, it would be theft for to
         | take the food in that warehouse to survive, and theft, of
         | course, is not morally permissible (it is absurd to claim
         | otherwise; it's theft!). Meanwhile, according to a classical
         | view, private property is not fixed absolutely. As you recall,
         | it exists for the sake of the common good. So, in such a case,
         | the food in that warehouse is not absolutely determined as
         | private property. Private property is derived and ordered
         | toward the common good. It would not be theft for the starving
         | to take food from that warehouse, as the food quite literally
         | belongs to them! (This is an extreme example, but I include it
         | to demonstrate how the consequences of each stance play out.)
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | It took me hardly any effort to find an essay that appears to
           | be arguing that Hobbes' thought is in many ways compatible
           | with that sort of redistribution:
           | https://brill.com/view/journals/hobs/34/1/article-p9_9.xml
           | Some quotes:
           | 
           | > Also notable is Gregory Kavka, who argues, "Though it is
           | rarely noticed, Hobbes is a bit of an economic liberal, that
           | is, he believes in some form of the welfare state and in the
           | redistributive taxation needed to support it."7 .... But
           | Kavka's analysis has two significant flaws. First, ... Hobbes
           | dedicates arguably greater attention to the problems
           | associated with excessive wealth. ... The second problem with
           | Kavka's analysis is that it ignores Hobbes's rich moral
           | psychology that is integral to Hobbes's understanding of the
           | problems associated with wealth, poverty, and inequality.
           | 
           | > Hobbes's political program prioritizes peace above all.
           | Along these lines, it is essential when considering Hobbes on
           | economics that one understands how poverty, concentrated
           | wealth, and inequality can obstruct peace. This is one of the
           | fundamental lessons Hobbes likely learned in the decades
           | leading up to the English Civil War - a war at least partly
           | facilitated by the economic upheaval, the impoverishment of
           | many along with the enriching of others, the concentration of
           | wealth, and the systemic inequality. Hobbes acknowledges some
           | of this in his own history of the Civil War, Behemoth.
           | 
           | > While Hobbes is surely concerned about the problems poverty
           | pose for his commonwealth, he expresses even greater concern
           | about concentrated wealth. His earliest discussion of wealth
           | can be found in his Briefe of the Art of Rhetoric, written in
           | 1637, his summary of Aristotle's Rhetoric.84
           | 
           | Classical liberals are not the same people as modern
           | libertarians or minarchists.
        
       | micromacrofoot wrote:
       | I don't know if anyone's done research on this extensively, but
       | we seem to be very much living in a "vibe" society all around?
       | the market is more irrational than ever, outright lies can be
       | enough to hype up millions in value, and conversely the specter
       | of bad vibes can tank anything.
       | 
       | Has it always been this way? or am I just slow on the uptake
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | I have noticed this as well, and yes it hasn't always been this
         | way.
         | 
         | My theory is that we are simply too wealthy. For the average
         | rich person (the top 20-30%), the first $70,000 goes to real
         | companies who sell real things for money. Past that and it all
         | is just kinda funny money. In our society there are actually a
         | ton of people making this kind of money, so there's just this
         | huge chunk of money that isn't really tied to anything real. If
         | you lose $100k on cryptocurrency, or you spend $800 on some
         | metaverse thing, it's fine, you can still buy food.
         | 
         | Of course this is also why people who don't make this kind of
         | money are so baffled (and angry). Hearing that some no product
         | company [1] was sold for billions of dollars feels insane when
         | you're seriously considering the difference between a $5000 and
         | a $6000 car.
         | 
         | [1] (https://openai.com/sam-and-jony/)
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | > My theory is that we are simply too wealthy.
           | 
           | Maybe 0.1% to 1% of us are, but the rest of us aren't.
        
             | micromacrofoot wrote:
             | I think it's more insidious than the top 1%, what % of
             | americans buy some frivolous overpriced coffee or cookie
             | regularly? viral beverages like prime? the absurdity of
             | ordering mcdonalds via uber eats?
             | 
             | income inequality is wild right now, but even lower classes
             | are participating in some absurd sort of money grabs
             | regularly...
             | 
             | the top of the market, these billion dollar companies that
             | have perfected this sort of private equity capitalism have
             | optimized every day luxury that can bleed anyone dry... not
             | just the rich... wework or wish go down the tubes and it's
             | on to the next one, founders rocket off and some unlucky
             | investors are stuck holding the bag
             | 
             | every category of daily life now has some optimized
             | extraction mechanism
        
             | mlsu wrote:
             | Nah. The top 10 percent of US households make $190,000 per
             | year. That is simply a lot more money than a household
             | strictly needs. At that point, your Roth IRA is maxed out,
             | you own a home, and you still have thousands every single
             | paycheck to play with.
             | 
             | Funny money.
        
               | schiem wrote:
               | This tracks with a report[1] that nearly half of consumer
               | spending now comes from the top 10%.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/stock-market-today-
               | dow-sp50...
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | Wealth inequality is intensely fractal, at every level it
               | is enormous: someone at the 90th %ile household (there
               | are 15 million of these), making 178k (1), can mostly
               | imagine what someone at the 97th %ile, making 350k, would
               | live like (there are 4.6 million of these), but someone
               | at the 99th %, making 663k would be harder to imagine,
               | and someone at the 99.9th %ile, making 3.2 million a year
               | is basically impossible, and the 1500 taxpaying units at
               | the 99.99th %ile, making 85 million a year is simply out
               | of the frame of reality.
               | 
               | 1: All stats are 2022 tax year, and are AGI per tax
               | return, so excluding things like 401(k), based on
               | https://www.irs.gov/statistics/soi-tax-stats-individual-
               | stat... and defining household as "taxpaying unit"- e.g.
               | married filing separately would count as two, at two
               | separate levels of income
        
             | sheiyei wrote:
             | Wealth inequality; too much of the wealth that exists is
             | concentrated where it is worth the least.
        
           | ozten wrote:
           | > If you lose $100k on cryptocurrency, or you spend $800 on
           | some metaverse thing, it's fine, you can still buy food.
           | 
           | 20 - 30% cannot spend $100k per year as funny money, that is
           | more like the top 5% but probably more like the top 2%.
           | 
           | High earners in the 20 - 30% often also live in expensive
           | areas, so their dollar doesn't go as far as some of the more
           | affordable places to live (housing, food, etc).
        
             | arximboldi wrote:
             | The parent comment just shows how most people do not
             | understand how inequal the US actually is. I'd recommend to
             | try this: https://wid.world/income-comparator/US/
             | 
             | If you make a yearly gross salary of 100K you're already in
             | the top 11%. With 200K you're in the top 3%. Inequality
             | also leads to social segregation, which means that we live
             | in bubbles where most people are "like us" and it's very
             | difficult to see how privileged we actually are.
             | 
             | Read Piketty's "Capital in the XXI century" to learn more
             | about how crazy inequal the world, but specially the US, is
             | becoming. Phenomena like Trump are easier to understand
             | when taking this into account.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | There _is_ some nuance to it though, the average monthly
               | car payment is $700! Only 10% are under $400.
               | 
               | With the median income ~$50k and many households owning
               | two cars... much of the country is actively living beyond
               | their means just to get to work.
               | 
               | We have built some sort of pseudo-luxury economy that
               | seemingly has to be upkept by mandatory good vibes.
        
       | gowld wrote:
       | Did the author never watch Silicon Valley?
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZFTaEenaHM
       | 
       | Richard, listen--
       | 
       | No, you listen to me Jack. You promised me that you would never
       | compromise the product, so do you feel like taking some action
       | and backing me up on this because me and my product feel pretty
       | compromised right now
       | 
       | Richard, I don't think you understand what the product is. The
       | product isn't the platform, and the product isn't your algorithm
       | either, and it's not even the software. Do you know what Pied
       | Piper's product is, Richard?
       | 
       | Is--is it me?
       | 
       | Oh God no no how could it possibly be you? You got fired! Pied
       | Piper's product is its stock.
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | We do need to start talking about the failure of capitalism. I'm
       | not naive enough to think that we should turn to communism, but
       | it's clear how we're taught capitalism is suppose to work and how
       | it plays out in reality are two different things.
       | 
       | Ideally capitalism would yield better product or services, for a
       | lower price. That's no longer happening. We're getting shittier
       | products and we're paying more. But somehow we convince ourselves
       | that it's still good, because the stock market is going up,
       | corporate profits are going up.
       | 
       | If there was ever any doubt that the hype is the product, then
       | please explain the Tesla stock, 100% hype driven, there is zero
       | correlation between the stock price and how the company is
       | actually doing.
        
         | mlazos wrote:
         | It's because capitalism assumes a free market with competition.
         | If you allow monopolies to thrive, you will not get those
         | benefits. It's just that some of these types of markets have
         | different dynamics due to their structure. E.g. natural
         | monopolies where the barrier to entry is huge up front costs.
         | Interestingly the AI startup ecosystem is raising enough money
         | to surpass the barrier of needing a ton of data to train AI.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | > It's because capitalism assumes a free market with
           | competition
           | 
           | But even in the cases where we do have a free market, we're
           | often seeing one company fiddle with quality, maybe drop the
           | price a little, then the rest quickly follow and price goes
           | right back up across the board.
        
           | zahlman wrote:
           | For centuries as capitalism developed from more primitive
           | systems (like feudalism and mercantilism), goods and services
           | that gain value from social network effects were well beyond
           | anyone's imagination. The printing press survived the
           | church's attempts at suppression, but nobody back then could
           | have conceived of a service that automatically distributed
           | copies of your books to your friends -- much less one that
           | could profit from _knowing who your friends are_ , rather
           | than from explicitly charging you for the service.
        
           | fsckboy wrote:
           | not attacking your thinking, but the terms "capitalism" and
           | "free market" aren't consistently well enough defined to
           | capture the nuances of what this type discussion requires. At
           | a minimum, capitalism is the right/ability to own something
           | without others taking it from you, and free markets are
           | markets you can participate in if you would like without
           | asking permission from the govt or belonging to a guild.
           | 
           | capitalism works best for everybody _on average_ when free
           | markets are competitive, but when they are not, markets still
           | work, they just work better for some, worse for others but
           | better than nothing, and also overall worse for everybody
           | because markets are not zero sum. The problem with a lot of
           | what-turns-out-to-be left-wing and or populist thinking on
           | markets is the assumption that markets are zero sum,  "if
           | there is a winner, there must be a loser", which while an
           | attractive idea turns out to be false.
           | 
           | same is true of the completely overblown idea that people are
           | not rational. people are not _perfectly_ rational, but when
           | it comes to parting with their money they are much more
           | rational than they are not. If it were not true, people
           | wouldn 't be living rationally measurably better lives today
           | than 100, 200, etc. years ago. there are many other sources
           | of noise in measuring that swallow irrationality up with the
           | noise. (yes, selling gambling to gambling addicts is an
           | irrational money printing machine, but civilization has not
           | collapsed)
        
         | indoordin0saur wrote:
         | Capitalism isn't a single thing with an approved international
         | standard of implementation. It can be implemented in a million
         | different ways and its possible we just need some big redesign
         | of it.
         | 
         | > please explain the Tesla stock, 100% hype driven, there is
         | zero correlation between the stock price and how the company is
         | actually doing.
         | 
         | They do still have the best electric cars on the market.
        
         | sznio wrote:
         | the theory assumes that in a free market, everyone is a
         | rational actor, and that everyone is truthful
         | 
         | we live in the age of lies. you can either keep debunking them
         | to deaf ears, or join the bandwagon and maybe make some money
         | by fooling someone else. the whole stock market feels like a
         | ponzi scheme now.
        
         | mathiaspoint wrote:
         | The advantage to capitalism is the escape hatch not the
         | cybernetics.
        
       | echo7394 wrote:
       | I just came to mention that I really enjoy the UI of this
       | website. That is all.
        
         | lr0 wrote:
         | Me too. I miss a lot when the web used to look more like this.
        
       | marcellus23 wrote:
       | > There is more and more proof these tools are not as useful as
       | they are hyped out to be. LLM-based coding tools seem to actually
       | hurt programmers' productivity. "Hallucinations" are not going
       | away because the only thing these LLMs can do is "hallucinate";
       | they just sometimes (about 30% of the time, in fact) happen to
       | generate some text that has some connection to reality.
       | 
       | This hurts the article, I think. I don't disagree with his point
       | about companies caring too much about stockholders. But this
       | anti-LLM envangelism just comes across as ludditism.
        
         | indoordin0saur wrote:
         | Yeah, author is definitely false here. I have 10+ years of
         | professional experience backend programming and I've found VS
         | Code copilot to be pretty helpful overall. It saves me a lot of
         | time digging through documentation and writing out tedious
         | little functions (e.g. converting dates from one format to
         | another). I wouldn't use it to write anything lengthy but
         | overall it has improved my productivity, though I could see how
         | it might hurt junior engineers.
        
         | fmbb wrote:
         | > This hurts the article, I think. I don't disagree with his
         | point about companies caring too much about stockholders. But
         | this anti-LLM envangelism just comes across as ludditism.
         | 
         | Is there any research out there suggesting LLMs help
         | programmers get stuff done? I can't say I follow the research
         | closely but I have not seen any.
         | 
         | Googling for [ai llm productivity research] and looking at the
         | first page of results I can't find much interesting evidence.
         | One report says users asked to create a basic web server in JS
         | complete the task 55% faster using an LLM. One report measures
         | "perceived productivity". Students given text writing tasks are
         | faster. One report measures productivity as lines of code
         | written. The rest seem to just be projecting theoretical
         | productivity gains.
         | 
         | Has anyone measured any improved productivity?
         | 
         | I can see this report from METR that is actually measuring
         | something: https://metr.org/blog/2025-07-10-early-2025-ai-
         | experienced-o...
         | 
         | > Core Result > > When developers are allowed to use AI tools,
         | they take 19% longer to complete issues--a significant slowdown
         | that goes against developer beliefs and expert forecasts. This
         | gap between perception and reality is striking: developers
         | expected AI to speed them up by 24%, and even after
         | experiencing the slowdown, they still believed AI had sped them
         | up by 20%.
         | 
         | But surely someone must have also found results showing
         | productivity gains. I assume I was just not looking hard
         | enough.
         | 
         | I am a happy Copilot Pro user since 2021, still.
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | > _Is there any research out there suggesting LLMs help
           | programmers get stuff done?_
           | 
           | Any research will be limited by what the researchers control
           | for?
           | 
           | In my personal experience, when I get a well written bug
           | report or detailed logs, my instinct that I feed it to an
           | Agent and let it figure it all out has never disappointed me.
           | It runs in the background while I work on things I
           | instinctively know the Agent wouldn't do a good job of. How
           | did I develop those instincts? By using Agents for like 3
           | days. These things (including for code completion) are
           | ridiculously effective for the programming languages & code
           | bases I work in, if nowhere else.
           | 
           | > _Has anyone measured any improved productivity? ... I am a
           | happy Copilot Pro user since 2021, still._
           | 
           | Whether productivity is tanking or not, I will find it
           | incredibly hard to stop using LLMs/Agents just because a
           | metric or three indicates I'd be better off without them. I
           | must note though, it might be too soon to put a mark on
           | productivity as it is a function of how well new technologies
           | are integrated into processes and workflows, which typically
           | happens over decades and not months/years.
        
       | alsefj wrote:
       | LinkedIn just replaced its Jobs page with AI Slop. You can't do
       | regular searches anymore, they've filtered and normalized all
       | results, and they stopped labeling promoted content. (All
       | searches now return the same number of results, many of which
       | have little to do with your query) So now I'm deleting my
       | LinkedIn account. Much of the internet is already dead.
        
       | ankit219 wrote:
       | The study where developers lost productivity due to using AI
       | tools should always be mentioned with caveats.
       | 
       | This comment by simonw for reference:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44522772
       | 
       | 1/ They tested on 16 experienced developers. 2/ They only used
       | cursor. No mention of other tools at the time. Cursor is
       | notoriously bad on bigger codebases, while even Windsurf
       | (competition at the time) would have shown different results. 3/
       | They only allowed training for 30 mins on cursor. 4/ As simonw
       | mentions, the ones who improved had some previous experience with
       | cursor. 5/ Yet, the study is definitively mentioned as AI
       | actively ruining productivity and none of the other factors.
        
       | pedalpete wrote:
       | I think this is just a symbol of the current hype cycle.
       | 
       | We are living in a strange time because there is a combination of
       | fear and greed in the market.
       | 
       | Yesterday I learned that market leverage (credit) is trending
       | towards levels of the dot-com bust and great recession
       | (https://en.macromicro.me/collections/34/us-stock-relative/89...)
       | 
       | When the tide goes out, the real swimmers remain and the tourists
       | leave.
       | 
       | I quite enjoy that time in tech specifically, though I'm sure
       | other industries face similar in-and-out flows.
        
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