[HN Gopher] The future is not self-hosted, but self-sovereign
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The future is not self-hosted, but self-sovereign
        
       Recent and related: _The future is not self-hosted_ -
       https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44682175 (424 comments)
        
       Author : robmao
       Score  : 189 points
       Date   : 2025-07-27 04:26 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.robertmao.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.robertmao.com)
        
       | 12inchidentity wrote:
       | Own yer identity. Equip yourself and others with the power of
       | self determinism.
        
       | kindkang2024 wrote:
       | Forever free, forever sovereign.
       | 
       | DID with ZK human proof on blockchain... Is this possible?
        
         | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
         | I have created nanotimestamps which basically allow you to
         | embed a lot of data into blockchain itself with basically 0 gas
         | fees.
         | 
         | I don't really like crypto that much from a currency
         | perspective given its history with scam but I like the
         | technology just a little bit so I built it.
         | 
         | If someone is interested on someway to monetize or I don't know
         | just talk about it, I am more than happy to.
         | 
         | Regarding zk human proves, there are some zkmail things that
         | can allow you to prove an amazon transaction or tax reciept
         | etc. which can prove human proof so yeah I think its possible.
        
           | kindkang2024 wrote:
           | > I have created nanotimestamps which basically allow you to
           | embed a lot of data into blockchain itself with basically 0
           | gas fees.
           | 
           | How is this possible? Is it something that EVM-based chains
           | can support? Curious to hear more.
           | 
           | > _Regarding zk human proves, there are some zkmail_
           | 
           | Zkmail doesn't prove that you're a unique human. Worldcoin
           | does, but it requires trusting a single company with
           | everyone's iris data, which is quite dangerous, and
           | completely undermines the goal of building a decentralized,
           | trustless system.
           | 
           | The future I hope for is one where our own devices handle
           | this entirely. Imagine a VR headset or future phone using its
           | iris scanner, combined with our social data, to generate a
           | single, secure cryptographic proof. This proof would verify
           | our uniqueness in the world without ever leaking iris data or
           | any other sensitive information.
        
             | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
             | Its really complicated but I will try to sum it up.
             | 
             | Basically nano cryptocurrency has no gas fees so if you can
             | get even 10^-30 nano, you can technically do unlimited
             | transactions forever (there is some caveat)
             | 
             | You can get such nano from faucets and then you have
             | basically an eternal source of doing transactions.
             | 
             | What are transactions? Transactions are a way of sending
             | money from A public key to B public key
             | 
             | Now what if we actually take some data and parse it into
             | chunks and then we can create a lot of addresses using some
             | vanity generator whose seed we can know
             | 
             | Then we got all the seeds of the vanity addresses whose
             | lets say top 4 letters of the first address can form a
             | word... now we do the transactions and then we take a
             | transaction id and in the end we send money to original
             | account
             | 
             | by that transaction id or that special account we can
             | actually see a loop of sorts and thus tada! we get some
             | data that we can actually store in blockchain itself.. for
             | 0 fees!!
             | 
             | Now what was my use case! sounds really silly but I wanted
             | to use worldoftext and I wanted to prove that I am the
             | first person to write some text..
             | 
             | Now so what I did was take a unique hash of text and then
             | embed it into blockchain.., and since blockchain has some
             | time, we have essentially timestamped some text and we can
             | also prove that we are the owner of the account that
             | created that text...
             | 
             | Oh yeah, I have also created my own cryptocurrency which
             | actually used algorand's vrf function with it to create a
             | sort of way for randomness to be integrated in it too/ in
             | sense create a cryptocurrency too with this usecase lol
             | 
             | Side note: in order to improve the efficiency you could
             | lose the 10^-30 nano to send to a completely different
             | account which we don't control and since most faucets give
             | like 10^-10 nano ish and like honestly, that is a more
             | practical approach
             | 
             | How is nano still alive? because for each transaction the
             | person doing the transaction has to do some work function,
             | I recommend the 2nd latter approach but I like both
             | approaches. I have some bun code which can automate this
             | whole thing too and Its all on github and uh my practical
             | approach is with me T-T, I think I legit accidentally
             | deleted it but uh yea I built it using claude and its kinda
             | Ai slop but it works :/
             | 
             | Someone gifted me the domain name for my work and some
             | dollars too, Y'know.. I personally feel like the thing that
             | I did was really innovative and I am the most proud of it
             | but I personally feel like the decentralization aspect
             | would never make me earn a single cent out of it and that's
             | okay to me but I don't have too much money and I wish
             | someday that I could work on such things without thinking
             | about money :/
             | 
             | Fun fact: nano cryptocurrency creator actually said on
             | reddit that such behaviour is unintended and that's exactly
             | what I like doing.. Doing unintended things to do something
             | useful.
             | 
             | I also created a whole youtube video and some other which I
             | might share privately
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hHG8gOkZBE
             | 
             | I will update my HN to show some contact info I guess too
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | This does sound interesting and very much show HN level.
               | Do you have any shareable github/page where you discuss
               | the idea in more detail?
        
               | kindkang2024 wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing this. The method of encoding data
               | through a looping chain of transactions between vanity
               | addresses is particularly clever. Truly a innovative
               | idea.
               | 
               | Hope to see more practical applications emerge. Please
               | keep us updated should it unfold in the future.
        
       | GianFabien wrote:
       | The majority of folks are _consumers_ and unable and /or
       | unwilling to handle the complexity of self-hosting, self-
       | sovereignity, etc. They will gravitate to what is _free_ and
       | _easy_. There are no incentives for the major vendors to
       | implement protocols that will threaten their massive advertising
       | revenues.
       | 
       | If you decide to foster an _online community_ , then you might
       | end up being the tech support to that community. For many of us,
       | that is not an appealing choice.
        
         | rapsey wrote:
         | Not just majority, vast majority. This article is really about
         | 0.01% of the population who is into this.
        
         | anonzzzies wrote:
         | There are no incentives until you get screwed over yourself. As
         | an entrepreneur and long term (almost 40 years) owner of
         | running businesses, I have been screwed over by anything from
         | banks to insurers to couriers to, let's just name names,
         | Google, Paypal, Stripe etc. Without recourse. But PERSONALLY, I
         | have also been screwed by the same services, without recourse.
         | And for that reason, I (try to) use services that I can visit
         | and sue which means they need to be inside country where I live
         | aka sovereign. I know I can sue Google theoretically but if
         | it's not about 10m euros+, the Dutch lawyers/courts are going
         | to tell me not to do it as it's not possible to even get a
         | 'sorry' from American companies. While if it's a Dutch company,
         | I just walk into their office and the CEO is going to explain
         | to me why they did what they did. And because they know this, I
         | have had my accounts reinstated when blocked, always can pick
         | up the phone to 'my' account manager and IF they screw me, I
         | know my rights and I will get a 'sorry' + money back without
         | laywers. The actual 'I'll be at your office in 30 minutes' is
         | usually enough to make _anything_ happen.
         | 
         | (also, sitting with the owner / ceo very often results in them
         | learning about something they actually did not know; a few
         | months ago I went with bol.com managers through some process on
         | their site which they didn't know was completely broken because
         | of 'anti-fraud AI' and they kept blaming me (not only me, just
         | 'dumb users'), so seeing them trying themselves and failing was
         | hilarious)
        
           | crinkly wrote:
           | Yeah been screwed here a couple of times. You have to treat
           | all these companies as disposable. Use them until they piss
           | you off. Do not build your entire universe on someone else's
           | turf.
           | 
           | It's cheaper and more convenient to fuck something off
           | quickly than sue them.
        
           | noirscape wrote:
           | Cory Doctorow has a good term for what those big American
           | tech companies do; rather than too big to fail, they're too
           | big to _care_ [0]. Because they've muscled all their
           | meaningful competition out of the way (or at least think they
           | do), they instead start ignoring support requests and
           | increasingly alienating customers.
           | 
           | You'd think that eventually market forces would try to
           | correct this, but in practice that doesn't happen because big
           | companies can just buy out any entity that's an actual threat
           | to them/cover so many areas that getting rid of them is nigh
           | impossible. (There's some attempts to limit this from the EU
           | and before 2025, the US as well, but a major part of the beef
           | the US has with the EU is that they're trying to force these
           | major tech companies to care again.)
           | 
           | [0]: https://pluralistic.net/2024/04/04/teach-me-how-to-
           | shruggie/...
        
           | aetherspawn wrote:
           | Completely agree about working with companies in the same
           | country so you actually get support, I learnt the hard way
           | and now try and avoid overseas companies for this reason.
           | 
           | Calling out one company in-particular that we just got over
           | an absolute nightmare of a messy divorce with, Freshworks.
           | They are Indian-based, and their support in India treated us
           | like we didn't have any consumer rights at all after signing
           | their SaaS contract (you know, one of those 1000 page things
           | you have to sign when starting any random SaaS) and starting
           | sending us random ludicrous invoices and refusing to ie
           | downgrade the number of subscription seats or switch from
           | annual to monthly billing, claiming that because we didn't
           | give them 60 days notice of reduction in seats we had to pay
           | a whole year for the extra users blah blah blah, which might
           | be legal in India, but is completely illegal in Australia.
        
             | anonzzzies wrote:
             | Ah yes, Freshworks... I could write a book about them :(
             | Stay well away.
        
               | swader999 wrote:
               | Is this same as freshdesk?
        
               | anonzzzies wrote:
               | Freshdesk is one of their products.
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | > There are no incentives until you get screwed over
           | yourself.
           | 
           | In B2B you have a point. In the consumer space this doesn't
           | happen though. I know several people who have had big snafus
           | with their data with Google, Apple, etc. but none of them
           | moved to self hosting. I agree with the people who have said
           | elsewhere that that's mainly a user experience problem that
           | _could_ be solved - but I also agree the companies like
           | Google and Apple will not provide any support to any
           | standards which have the potential to commoditize or replace
           | their strings-attached and corporate-controlled services.
           | Meaning self hosting and avoiding those big companies' stuff
           | will continue to be rather lonely and isolating.
        
             | anonzzzies wrote:
             | Well.. It depends what they are. Social networks, obviously
             | are an issue. But for personal email, photos, vids, content
             | etc, that's not isolating; the self hosted versions have
             | the same sharing / coop features as the google/ms ones for
             | most / all personal needs. And setting up is just not very
             | hard. It is a niche, I agree, but at least where I live,
             | people are getting increasingly angry with the big corps
             | and are asking how to avoid them. It won't make a dent in
             | google revenue, but I won't have the frustrating experience
             | myself or being asked to fix the frustrating experience for
             | someone else.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Until you can give consumers an AppleTV type box that
               | they can buy at Walmart, plug in and maybe spend 5
               | minutes setting up, then never have to think about again,
               | you simply aren't going to get 90% of the population to
               | self-host anything. Most don't have the knowledge to make
               | it happen and won't be able to understand the
               | documentation needed to acquire that knowledge. The rest
               | simply can't be bothered with it.
        
         | chrisvalleybay wrote:
         | It was also unthinkable that everyone would have their own
         | desktop computer at some point. If we were able to make self-
         | hosting be as simple as having a desktop, it might be possible.
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | And these desktops today for 99% of people are just dumb
           | terminals for the cloud where everything lives.
        
           | chii wrote:
           | > unthinkable that everyone would have their own desktop
           | computer at some point
           | 
           | it was unthinkable not because people didn't want it, but
           | that it costed too much back then. Half a mil for a
           | microcomputer that took up a room?!
           | 
           | Current self-hosting requirements are similarly expensive -
           | time and money. If someone were to sell an appliance for
           | which you could just plug into the outlet, and you get it
           | all, then it would be pretty good. Like a washing machine.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | That hypothetical self hosting appliance would require
             | constant system administration work, far worse than even
             | the most complex "smart" washing machine.
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > constant system administration work
               | 
               | why is that an inescapable truth? If the needs of such a
               | self-hosted system is not changing, there's a theoretical
               | argument that there shouldn't be any need to make
               | administrative work.
               | 
               | if the environment changes such that this need arises,
               | like changing/new protocols, new services, etc, it stands
               | to reason that the seller of this appliance would release
               | a new version, or an update of sorts.
               | 
               | Like mobile phones. You certainly don't constantly do
               | "system admin" on your mobile do you?
        
               | psychoslave wrote:
               | No, but I don't host a mail server on it?
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | One reason at least in my country (USA) is the dire state
               | of broadband. A few people have awesome symmetric fiber,
               | but it's about a single digit percentage. Most of the
               | rest uses DOCSIS with wildly asymmetrical ratios (e.g.
               | mine is 1000 down/100 up), dynamic IP, and some have
               | unreliable connectivity.
               | 
               | Getting people to self host without corporate
               | dependencies unfortunately means dynamic DNS, revealing
               | your home IP address, and means that when your home
               | internet is down or degraded, it affects you even if you
               | go elsewhere.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | Dynamic DNS doesn't reveal your IP to anyone that doesn't
               | know the domain name. Most self-hosted services also have
               | offline modes. e.g. my finamp playlists are synced to my
               | phone when I'm home and then play offline anywhere else.
               | Within your home if your Internet connection goes down, a
               | self-hosted service (e.g. streaming video) has _better_
               | availability than cloud ones.
        
           | brewdad wrote:
           | For most people, keeping a desktop running securely and
           | efficiently is beyond their abilities. Spyware and bloat and
           | outdated, insecure software is the standard for most people.
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | The same reasoning shows that most people will never own their
         | own nuclear reactor, airplane, rifle, automobile, computer,
         | refrigerator, or house, or raise their own children. So, while
         | there is some truth in it, I think it may be leaving out some
         | relevant factors.
        
         | MoreQARespect wrote:
         | >The majority of folks are consumers and unable and/or
         | unwilling to handle the complexity of self-hosting
         | 
         | The majority of folks just want to text and call on their
         | phones. They are unwilling to handle the complexity of having
         | an entire computer in their pocket. -- 2006
         | 
         | >There are no incentives for the major vendors to implement
         | protocols that will threaten their massive advertising
         | revenues.
         | 
         | Right. And Yahoo didnt want to be a search engine. They wanted
         | to be the home page of the internet.
        
         | poisonborz wrote:
         | > There are no incentives for the major vendors to implement
         | protocols that will threaten their massive advertising
         | revenues.
         | 
         | In 1996 there were especially no incentives from corporations
         | for a free operating system to exists, yet Linux was born on
         | the back of a few hard working engineers and the whole industry
         | catched up, it created a lot (if not the majority) of business.
         | You can engineer ~free and easy self-hosting.
         | 
         | I agree it needs to be personal, there are no appealing middle-
         | man options.
        
           | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
           | The weird thing is, LLMs do seem to create an environment, in
           | which such shift is not impossible. By this I mean, I know I
           | personally use search engines a lot less now ( and I suspect
           | that here I am not that much different from other internet
           | denizens ). If true, there is a possibility that the existing
           | ad model will -- out of necessity -- have to adapt to a new
           | venue. This did not seem to fully happen yet ( providers seem
           | skittish and are trying not to alienate people ).
           | 
           | I self-host some parts and I am currently in the process of
           | adding some LLM layers in my setup. It seems like it can be
           | made very personal..if one is so inclined. The question
           | remains whether people will be inconvenienced enough.
           | 
           | That I have no real answer for since I am not sure what
           | enough here is. I wince when I see hulu ad on Disney+
           | platform when I have their no ads tier, but did not drop them
           | yet.
           | 
           | It is not a perfect example, but lots people see it as: 'its
           | not that bad yet'.
        
             | lenkite wrote:
             | ChatGPT: Certainly! While I organize answers to your query,
             | please view the following product and service offerings by
             | my corporate sponsors - the more you click, the more I can
             | answer!
        
             | XanSurnamehere wrote:
             | >internet denizens
             | 
             | The word netizens was right there! Still worked though.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Substantial part of population can't even manage their router
         | or simple devices say NAS... And by manage keep them up to
         | date.
         | 
         | Now think of actually running something consistently. And react
         | to changes in that... A task a few steps above.
        
       | kennywinker wrote:
       | > This blog post was drafted with the help of a language model,
       | but all opinions expressed are my own
       | 
       | Why not post the prompts, it'll be a shorter read with presumably
       | the same amount of new information.
        
         | robmao wrote:
         | The prompt is much longer and less structured than the blog
         | post.
        
           | Imustaskforhelp wrote:
           | I am not a writer and the blog posts I have built are really
           | long and I am pretty sure that noone except myself have read
           | them, but I really feel as if I use AI quite a lot to code
           | some one off projects and nowadays a general overreliance on
           | them too.
           | 
           | I am pretty sure that sure, it might be more tedious to
           | actually manage your thoughts into more structured format to
           | present to a larger audience and you might think that AI is
           | meant for such tasks but I personally feel as if there is
           | something about using AI in writing that feels sloppy most of
           | the times.
           | 
           | Write bad but original. Maybe it won't get to the top of the
           | HN, but you get the widest amount of freedom if you are
           | really passionate about writing.
           | 
           | (I am thinking of stopping to use AI / using AI to just teach
           | me things if I find a need to create a project that I am
           | genuinely curious to build myself)
        
       | crinkly wrote:
       | I disagree with this.
       | 
       | The ideological approaches to these problems always seem to
       | result in adding more technology to the problem, which introduces
       | more attack vectors, more control points and more complexity, all
       | of which are difficult to understand and manage. The real problem
       | is you should not need to identify yourself all the time. And the
       | best way to do that, contrary to the SaaS culture on here, is not
       | to hand over your stuff to someone else where you need to
       | identify yourself to get it back or even involve yourself in
       | "services culture".
       | 
       | So over the last 2 years I unpicked all my dependencies and moved
       | to a reductionist and disposable model. The "minimum happy
       | subset" is pretty much a domain with an IMAP box still, as it was
       | 20 years ago. The IMAP box is dumb enough to be moved around. And
       | your stuff should be in simple files, with well-documented
       | formats, on the computer that you own and control. An average
       | user can self-manage this with minimal effort. Everything else I
       | have found to be 100% disposable.
       | 
       | This incidentally lines up 1:1 with the non-technical friends I
       | have who just don't care and do it that way anyway. Perhaps we
       | care too much.
       | 
       | Also can we just get some plain old HTML presented like a 50 year
       | old book next time.
        
       | vaylian wrote:
       | The article argues for interoperability through standardized
       | protocols. Freedom is achieved through the possibility to move
       | one's own data to a different host when the current host becomes
       | problematic. Either host can be a commercial service, a friend's
       | computer or your own server. Self-hosting is only one option
       | among several in this model.
       | 
       | If you want to share individual pieces of data like photos then
       | this probably works fine. But once you want to serve connected
       | pieces of data that require storage in a relational database,
       | then this will probably become a lot harder to handle, because
       | you need well-defined procedures to piece together data instead
       | of just returning a self-contained blob.
        
       | pferde wrote:
       | The good news is that every self-hoster will be more than happy
       | to start using this hypothetical self-sovereign solution with
       | their data, if and when it becomes available.
       | 
       | I know I would. I'm just not smart enough, nor have the correct
       | kind of experience to start designing, building or evangelizing
       | such solution, so I am stuck waiting for someone else.
       | 
       | A good example is ForgeFed, which I can't wait to mature enough
       | to be usable.
        
       | poisonborz wrote:
       | Deeply disagree.
       | 
       | Looking at the _current_ selfhosted landscape and saying  "nice
       | but nobody will want to do this" is like looking around in 1970
       | and saying "nobody will want to own computers, you just rent them
       | for tasks".
       | 
       | I say this after copious amounts of invested time over a timespan
       | of 15 years to selfhost. The software landscape changed
       | immensely. Especially now with AI, the software output and
       | ability to learn is night and day. Software projects specifically
       | targeting selfhosting as a mission is a somewhat new phenomena,
       | before we had small business/enterprise tools that just happened
       | to be down-scaleable for personal needs. We're not very far off
       | to have great - and not just okay - click-to-install solutions.
       | 
       | If you don't own your infra, you are dependent. "Community
       | hosting" is just hosting with a less reliable and more finicky
       | admin. E2E on corporate cloud is nice but the price and terms may
       | change any day. E2E in cloud itself is under scrutiny. A for-
       | profit will bow to whatever legal framework they operate in. They
       | will always want to increase those profits, easiest way for that
       | is at the cost of what they own: the userbase and their data.
       | 
       | Selfhosted security is an issue, but individual users are harder
       | to scrape/target and offer less of a bounty beyond
       | basic/defeatable script attacks.
       | 
       | Instead of a defeatist attitude why not just solve the issues,
       | they're not that hard.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | how are you disagreeing? self-hosting is not being ruled out.
         | do you think me, my siblings, our parents and children, each of
         | us should self-host their stuff when we could perfectly well
         | just share one machine? we are going to trust each other. but
         | why wouldn't we. it's easier to share our photo albums this
         | way. it's that or facebook. pretty much.
         | 
         | and again, self-hosting is not ruled out, it's still an option.
         | what robert says is that regardless of the choice we need self-
         | sovereignty. that is orthogonal. you are still free to self-
         | host. but we have to face the reality that not everyone is
         | going to do it. even if we have the tools to make self-hosting
         | easy.
        
           | poisonborz wrote:
           | > each of us should self-host their stuff when we could
           | perfectly well just share one machine?
           | 
           | Actually yes. The golden rule of selfhosting is that you
           | don't host for others. Then you are just hosting, with all
           | the annoyance that comes with it. Also I might have different
           | needs than my siblings, different software, settings and so
           | on. Extreme example: police warrant for a sibling, and they
           | take the family server away? Who is legally responsible for
           | what is hosted there? Families could share a single car, or a
           | single bathroom, realistically multiple families even - yet
           | anyone who can afford it will opt to avoid that.
           | 
           | So along with sovereignty I will always opt for the most
           | independence and freedom. The only reason people think
           | otherwise is because because of alleged technical
           | infeasibility.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | it's not technical infeasibility, it's lack of personal
             | capacity, either skill or time wise. some people simply
             | can't do that, so if i want them to share things with me i
             | have to make it easy for them. the alternative is facebook
             | (or something else like it).
             | 
             | and i am not talking about hosing for your own private use
             | but for shared use. family photos for example, chats, other
             | family stuff. there isn't going to be a warrant because i
             | see everything that is posted. if he needs different
             | software he can still host that himself, that's besides the
             | point. i am not running a hosting service, i am running a
             | platform for the family to use. a private facebook
             | alternative.
             | 
             | i don't know about your family relationships, but for me
             | family means to support and stand by each other.
        
               | poisonborz wrote:
               | > it's lack of personal capacity, either skill or time
               | wise. some people simply can't do that
               | 
               | That's just an usability issue that needs to be solved.
               | In 2002 nobody could believe that even elderly and
               | children could use smartphones 20 years later.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | And it turns out maybe children. _shouldn 't_ be using
               | smartphones 20 years later.
        
             | monsieurbanana wrote:
             | Now you lost me. Expecting one server per person in a
             | household is unrealistic. Even if software becomes perfect,
             | what about the hardware aspect? Expecting a family of 5 to
             | have 5 servers all available and reachable from anywhere
             | sounds like a nightmare, and just a waste of electricity.
             | 
             | Your whole premise is that self hosting software can become
             | a one-click deploy, if they can achieve that I'm sure
             | different settings per user is possible. If who is legally
             | responsible about what your brother does with the family
             | serve is really such a big question, then let's just accept
             | widely adoption of self hosting is not going to happen.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | if the servers are all in the same house then the police
               | is not going to ask who's server they can take, they are
               | just going to take all of them. so if that is a concern,
               | it would be lost. but GP is not talking about people
               | living together, but not sharing with relatives who live
               | elsewhere.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | Yeah, this makes intuitive sense too. You share lots of
               | that potential IRL liability with live-in family members
               | anyway.
        
               | poisonborz wrote:
               | A server could be a $30 silent soap-sized box hanging on
               | the router consuming 5 watts, you plug it in and it sets
               | up services and domains ready to access. Why would this
               | be a nightmare? It is already feasible on all levels.
               | Assuming the house has fiber, reliability shouldn't be
               | much of an issue.
        
               | grepfru_it wrote:
               | A server could be a VM _taps head_
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | "Hello, Metropolitan Police here. We have a warrant to
               | seize... docker container ab38asdf8765jk on your home
               | server. Go ahead and export its attached volumes and the
               | image. We'll wait."
        
               | olddustytrail wrote:
               | Docker IDs are hexadecimal so that one is invalid. Sorry
               | Met!
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | That sounds like a you problem, failure to comply will
               | result in forfeiture and imprisonment...
               | 
               | I wouldn't put it past them... capriciousness in UK
               | policing is a feature not a bug.
        
               | mystifyingpoi wrote:
               | I'm gonna be doubly pedantic - that wasn't the container
               | id, that was the actual container name. As a name, it is
               | valid.
        
               | olddustytrail wrote:
               | I actually did think of that so that's definitely the
               | best kind of correct!
        
               | akerl_ wrote:
               | Why do you think this hasn't already happened?
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | CGNAT (lack of ipv6), and lack of fiber, meaning lack of
               | upload bandwidth.
        
               | monsieurbanana wrote:
               | A 30 dollars box will replace cloud storage, photo
               | storage, video steaming, and all the other services
               | people expect to have? I don't think you have though
               | through what exactly you're trying to replace, we're not
               | talking about tech people wanting to host their static
               | blog here.
        
               | DocTomoe wrote:
               | A Raspberry Pi 5 already does all of the examples you
               | mentioned. Add a hard disk o it, and a somewhat-reliable
               | power supply, and you're looking at a hundred bucks. We
               | are not that far away from that.
               | 
               | Does it replicate Netflix? No. But honestly, most people
               | do not host videos on Netflix.
        
               | monsieurbanana wrote:
               | Now add raid storage, nobody should keep their photos and
               | other important documents in a single drive, then at
               | least double the price because you're not going to sell a
               | raspberry kit to the general public but a polished
               | product that needs almost no install steps. Or triple it,
               | because you're also going to need tech support and
               | updates.
               | 
               | And how are you going to reach your personal server? More
               | and more people don't even get to have a public IP for
               | their router anymore, and having every non-tech person
               | punch a hole in their firewall to access their photos...
               | I'm sure that's going to go well.
               | 
               | And if you somehow manage to do that, how are you going
               | to share your photos in your personal server with your
               | friends? Because that's pretty high in people's needs.
        
               | DocTomoe wrote:
               | There is always a way to make things more complicated
               | and/or expensive. That is not the goal of the exercise,
               | though.
        
               | monsieurbanana wrote:
               | What I listed is not optional, it's the bare minimum if
               | you want to have a widely-adopted self-hosted solution
               | for someone's digital life.
               | 
               | If you're going to recommend your non-tech family store
               | all their photos in raspberry with a single hard drive
               | with no backup, that's kind of evil.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | a cheap virtual host with a reverse tunnel...
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | > The only reason people think otherwise is because because
             | of alleged technical infeasibility.
             | 
             | Some people think otherwise because they _trust each
             | other,_ and understand that specialization allows
             | efficiency and economies of scale.
             | 
             | Even if it's stupid easy to run five servers at home,
             | there's sure to be one person who likes maintaining them
             | more than the other four.
             | 
             | It's stupid easy to load and unload the dishwasher, but my
             | sister didn't like handling the dirty dishes and I didn't
             | like running around and putting them away, so I loaded and
             | she unloaded, and we were both slightly but meaningfully
             | better off on a daily basis because of it. Of course we
             | _could_ each just load and unload our own dishes, but a
             | slight reduction in independence and freedom (counting on
             | each other to do our part) improves things for both of us.
             | 
             | People often--I'd even say _usually_ --work together
             | because they benefit from it, not just because they lack
             | the technical chops to do otherwise.
        
             | cjbgkagh wrote:
             | > The golden rule of selfhosting is that you don't host for
             | others.
             | 
             | How is that the golden rule? I self host and somehow missed
             | that. I think of it more as devolution, you can self host
             | if you want to, or you can use a family hosted option, or a
             | community. That way a balance can be struck between
             | convenience and sovereignty such that as convenience
             | naturally improves so does sovereignty. No need to let
             | perfect be the enemy of good, is a soft gradient all the
             | way down.
             | 
             | Edit: I googled the 'golden rule of self-hosting' and all I
             | could find the the parents comment but that seemed to be
             | enough for google AI summary to accept it, so stating it as
             | fact appears to have done so in so far as Googles AI is
             | concerned.
        
         | Retr0id wrote:
         | > "nobody will want to own computers, you just rent them for
         | tasks"
         | 
         | Very prescient indeed for someone in 1970 to predict the
         | success of AWS
        
           | harvey9 wrote:
           | We had timesharing on mainframes. Everything old is new
           | again.
        
           | ants_everywhere wrote:
           | That's how computers were before the rise of personal
           | computers
        
             | Retr0id wrote:
             | That was GP's point, it's just also how things are today.
        
               | hdgvhicv wrote:
               | These things are cyclical. History doesn't repeat, but it
               | does rhyme.
        
           | loceng wrote:
           | Until you understand how 1984 extrapolates with today's
           | technologies - and the only defense against corrupt-captured
           | state(s) and industrial complexes toeing the establishment
           | line, in ever increasing consolidation of so-called power-
           | control, is decentralized-distributed tech - and then where
           | the centralization [especially physical infrastructure]
           | becomes their major weakness; yes, there is the control of
           | means of production-funnel of resources-energy issue but if
           | shit really hits the fan than guerilla tactics appear to
           | always reign supreme, whereby major supply lines, energy
           | production, an CPU architecture will be first to be targeted.
           | 
           | The bad actors through subversion are currently attempting
           | their best to not cause panic for the herds to react more
           | strongly and more quickly than their apparatus they're
           | currently ready to handle [at least that they believe they're
           | ready to handle] - however things can fall apart very
           | quickly, the Berlin wall fell much sooner than practically
           | all predicted.
        
         | velomash wrote:
         | The UX vs value provided for self hosting doesn't make sense
         | for normal people
        
         | irishloop wrote:
         | > If you don't own your infra, you are dependent.
         | 
         | You're dependent regardless. You are dependent on your service
         | provider, your hardware, your UPS battery backup, your RAID
         | drives being easily replaced, your backups.
         | 
         | It reminds me of people who raise their own chickens and think
         | they're living off the grid. But they need the materials to
         | build the coop, the chicken feed, fencing, etc.
        
           | dingnuts wrote:
           | You grow the chicken feed nearby on your farm and you create
           | materials by hand
           | 
           | I mean sure there are a lot of Instagram homesteaders that
           | are obviously cosplaying but you are making the comment like
           | you've never known anybody that lives in the deep backwoods,
           | I mean, just spend a few years living in deep Appalachia and
           | you'll see what I mean.
           | 
           | Folks don't have the same style of living you have in mind
           | but they are probably closer to subsistence farming than
           | you'd give them credit for. Now, these people will buy tools
           | at Walmart, because they are just surviving and not
           | cosplaying, but they'd also get by if Walmart disappeared.
           | They're a lot less dependent than I am.
        
           | dare944 wrote:
           | Not sure what your point is. The ability to manufacture
           | silicon chips will only ever be in the hands of a relatively
           | small group of people worldwide. So of course all of us are
           | dependent on these people/businesses to do any form of modern
           | computing.
           | 
           | The question isn't how can we live without dependencies. It's
           | how many dependencies must we have? And of those that aren't
           | strictly necessary, what are the benefits (and costs) of
           | breaking them?
        
             | ndriscoll wrote:
             | It's also a matter of capital vs operational dependency.
             | Intel needs to exist _today_ to buy a chip, but my 9 year
             | old mid range desktop still works fine and is perfectly
             | snappy today, and I suspect my minipcs (which draw as much
             | power as a lightbulb or two, so could easily be solar
             | /battery powered) will also work fine for at least a
             | decade. I can't imagine needing more computing power than
             | an N100 provides for a home server; mine is already 99%
             | idle. So these things will basically never be obsolete.
             | 
             | I suspect the actual chips will last the rest of my life at
             | least, so even if a capacitor fails on the motherboard, the
             | skills to replace those are considerably more common if CPU
             | manufacturers were to fail somehow (or if new hardware
             | became unusable due to DRM or something).
        
               | tarruda wrote:
               | > I can't imagine needing more computing power than an
               | N100 provides for a home server
               | 
               | If you only need to stream media and serve files, sure.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Physical dependency is different than logical.
           | 
           | With my computer, I'm dependent on my supplier for the tools.
           | There's usually a reasonable market serving a variety of
           | tools. With a storage service provider, I'm dependent on
           | their rules, and there's high friction (migration) to escape
           | from those rules.
        
           | hdgvhicv wrote:
           | I can change a colo location in minutes if it's virtual or a
           | couple of days if it's a rack of equipment. I can change my
           | transit provider too. Supermicro seem to have supply problems
           | right now, but dell don't.
           | 
           | If you tie yourself into amazon specific tooling you are
           | dependent on one company.
        
             | manquer wrote:
             | We are tied to ASML and TSMC and to an extent to the likes
             | of NVIDIA .
             | 
             | As cost of innovation in the industry soars, you are bound
             | to end up with a monopoly or at best an oligopoly who will
             | collude.
             | 
             | Competitors get acquired or fully fail when their research
             | is not successful .
             | 
             | It is just as true in pharma and healthcare.
             | 
             | Like it or not in tech we are stuck with no real choice.
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | That's like saying when you grow your own tomatoes you're
           | dependent on the weather or your capability to deal with said
           | weather. That is true. But it misses the point. When you grow
           | your own tomatoes and the store sells only a certain bad
           | tasting kind, suddenly wants to increase the price by factor
           | 10 or stops selling tomatoes at all, then the value of
           | growing it yourself shows. And they are dependent on the
           | weather just like you.
           | 
           | If you self host, you're dependent on things sure. But the
           | point isn't to reach some hypothetical perfect state of
           | independence, the point is to get the flavour you want, not
           | have to deal with them changing their business model, and so
           | on.
           | 
           | The reason I self host my webservers is because my webhoster
           | decided to charge a premium for SSL certs. So much in fact
           | that for the cost of one cert per month I could run a
           | webserver for a year.
           | 
           | Then I had my mailservers noster taking decisions I didn't
           | like, so again I went and self hosted.
           | 
           | Some of those things are running for a decade now and I have
           | yet to experience the catastrophic events you mention. Sure
           | you need to do your due diligence and know your craft, but at
           | least I am ot affected by someone changing their business
           | model or deciding it isn't profitable anymore.
        
         | mnahkies wrote:
         | A basic way to head off most of the security issues is throwing
         | it behind a VPN (eg: wireguard) - no need to put stuff on the
         | public internet if it's just for your own consumption. You can
         | still include your mobile devices etc.
         | 
         | Separately I think k8s is a solution to much of the difficulty.
         | I don't use it outside of work as the baseline costs are too
         | much (my personal cloud bill is under $10 and I want to keep it
         | in that range), but the packaging offered by well maintained
         | helm charts is hard to pass by - people dunk on it for being
         | complex but imo it only exposes inherent complexity and
         | simplifies a lot of other stuff.
        
         | raybb wrote:
         | Selfhosting has been tricky for a while. It's still not simple
         | but things like https://Coolify.io (selfhosted Heroku) make it
         | so so much easier to maintain and feel more dependable. Backups
         | and upgrades will still be tricky but they seem resolvable.
        
         | benreesman wrote:
         | There's a spectrum OP / their LLM (hat tip the disclaimer, not
         | shade) I think blurs into this false dichotomy.
         | 
         | Maybe the hardware is on my desk or in my closet, maybe its on
         | a VPS or bare metal provider with standard IPMI, maybe its a
         | proprietary cloud image with deep packet inspection rejecting
         | connections from legitimate enterprise VPN subnet relays (cough
         | Cloud SQL).
         | 
         | At some point you're dependent on a registrar and an ISP (or
         | maybe you the thing like infinite LAN party, sick), and at some
         | point the cops show up if you're too far out of bounds (in
         | their view).
         | 
         | In 2025 my compromise is to prefer interchangeable bare metal
         | providers and interchangeable S3-compatible providers and ship
         | the same stack to there and to my desk. And park the domains
         | with Njalla and Gandi. And have servers in complicated
         | jurisdictions where fucking with them is a Great Power turf
         | war.
         | 
         | It's not perfect, but its what an individual can do with
         | nixpkgs and an attitude problem towards unaccountable
         | authority.
        
       | harel wrote:
       | I did a fair bit of work in this world of self sovereign identity
       | a couple years ago. We abandoned the project because we felt it
       | won't get adoption. We also embedded a verifiable credentials in
       | a CRM making it as a platform to manage VCs at scale and nobody
       | cared. Most people don't care it seems. Or maybe it's just too
       | future tech and we're not there yet.
        
       | kosolam wrote:
       | I am truly excited to see others are thinking in the same
       | trajectory. I've been contemplating on these ideas myself for
       | quite long time. The service providers should provide basic low
       | level infrastructure, not own or access our data. I have a vision
       | on how it should operate, it would be interesting to dive into
       | this project to compare.
        
       | BinaryIgor wrote:
       | I still struggle to see what exact problems Decentralized
       | Identifiers solve and how exactly they would make the Internet
       | better. Ommiting additional complexity they bring - where to
       | store them, how to control them etc. - what new use cases they
       | would allow? How would they solve some of the incentives problems
       | on the Internet we currently have?
       | 
       | Having controlled by the user public-private key pair instead of
       | multiple accounts on a variety of platforms doesn't bring self-
       | sovereigninty by itself. Whatever you post/publish must also be
       | discoverable by other people - and that's where we go back to
       | centralized platforms/services of today.
        
         | TimByte wrote:
         | You're right that discovery still tends to pull things back
         | toward centralization. But if identity and data are portable by
         | design, at least the gravitational pull of central platforms
         | becomes more optional
        
         | kindkang2024 wrote:
         | > _how exactly they would make the Internet better._
         | 
         | One key benefit is removing middlemen who may misuse aid.
         | 
         | Never underestimate human corruption--$100 million in aid might
         | result in only $1 million truly helped those in need. This
         | pattern is seen worldwide.
        
         | loceng wrote:
         | Option then to facilitate true decentralization of total
         | offline, local-first mode?
         | 
         | Where your data and updates - including network reference IDs
         | and perhaps version controlled organizational data - can be
         | direct one-to-one transferred in-person someone [like a
         | physical data wallet perhaps on something as simple as a USB]
         | rather than being self-hosted somewhere [on a machine or device
         | that's connected to the internet, even if temporarily for
         | pushing updates or waiting for peer calls].
        
       | pluto_modadic wrote:
       | Ah, yes, the cure is the magical token.
       | 
       | If you want a better future, make better self hosted apps, that
       | are accessible, easy to set up, and don't lack features ordinary
       | people ask for.
       | 
       | No fancy token ever beat an easy button. And no poorly built self
       | hosting app is helping...
        
       | austin-cheney wrote:
       | The thing that got me into self hosting is the phone App Store. I
       | started writing personal applications to do what the media apps
       | on the App Store could not. The results have been amazing and the
       | required effort is less than I expected.
        
         | salmonellaeater wrote:
         | What are some personal applications you created to fill these
         | gaps?
        
           | vjerancrnjak wrote:
           | Music player that does not skip 1 second of next track, scans
           | my big library in a second.
        
           | austin-cheney wrote:
           | * A media player with playlist of local media that executes
           | in a web browser.
           | 
           | * proxies for http and WebSockets. Apache made this
           | challenging and I thought I could do it better. I can now
           | spin up servers in seconds and serve http and WebSockets on
           | the same port
           | 
           | * tools to test dns, http, WebSockets, hashes, certificate
           | creation, and more
        
             | imcritic wrote:
             | Are you talking about Android?
             | 
             | Can your player delete media files?
             | 
             | If yes - PLEASE SHARE!
        
       | dist-epoch wrote:
       | So far nobody explained one simple use case - self-hosted
       | Instagram.
       | 
       | How does that work? I want to see the pictures of my friends, and
       | they want to see mine. And I also want to see the pictures of
       | some influencers.
       | 
       | What's the self-hosted Instagram setup that makes this work,
       | while all the involved parties are self-hosted?
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | hmm, another UI that connectly directly to S3???
        
         | jay_kyburz wrote:
         | when you follow somebody, you put their public url in a list,
         | then when you open the app it requests the photos from
         | everybody on the list?
         | 
         | I see no reason why everybody could not run a web server on
         | their phone.
        
           | can16358p wrote:
           | So if I follow 1000 people,
           | 
           | I make 1000 requests every time I open the app or refresh my
           | feed?
           | 
           | Also not everyone can be on a stable connection with a public
           | IP address with good upload speeds 7/24. In the ideal world:
           | sure. In the real world: impossible (at least for any
           | foreseeable near future).
        
             | jay_kyburz wrote:
             | Perhaps it could make each request as you scroll? You don't
             | need to see 1000 photos all at once. And if your friend has
             | sketchy internet, perhaps it can push to you when they have
             | a good connection.
             | 
             | It's not perfect, but if we want self hosted, we have to
             | start somewhere and start working out the problems.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | That would require javascript, and the set of people
               | interested in self-hosting and the set of people willing
               | to touch javascript with asbestos gloves and a ten foot
               | pole do not intersect.
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | This has all been solved with ActivityPub or AT Protocol.
             | It's push-based not pull and yes there are still servers.
             | Either you pay for your own server or you mooch on a
             | community server.
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | Federated social media through a common protocol.
        
           | vaylian wrote:
           | For example: https://pixelfed.org/ Which is literally the
           | fediverse alternative to instagram.
        
             | brabel wrote:
             | If I choose a "community server", how does that differ from
             | just using the Instagram "server" by using Instagram
             | itself? Can't the community server ban me, or delete some
             | of my data they don't like, for example? Or even sell my
             | data?
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | In retrospect, community servers/instances were a
               | mistake. You need your own domain.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | > how does that differ from just using the Instagram
               | "server"
               | 
               | 1. You can move to another server if you don't like their
               | rules, or to your own server. There is a competition
               | between servers (and self-hosting!) making the network
               | better for everyone.
               | 
               | 2. There is no single point of failure for the whole
               | network. Hackers and governments love single points of
               | failure.
               | 
               | 3. There's nobody who would forbid alternative clients or
               | web access forcing you into a shitty app. There's no
               | single entity owning everything and trying to extract as
               | much money as possible from you. On Instagram, you're in
               | a walled garden.
        
         | danabramov wrote:
         | You might enjoy having a look at how atproto (which powers
         | Bluesky) solves this: https://atproto.com/articles/atproto-for-
         | distsys-engineers
         | 
         | TLDR: Self-hosting is the source of truth for data; apps
         | aggregate over it.
        
       | nirui wrote:
       | > We don't need more "alternatives" to the cloud. We need a shift
       | in architecture--from platform-centric to protocol-centric
       | systems.
       | 
       | Nice idea, but that alone is not enough.
       | 
       | The POP3/SMTP protocol is still a server-client based model, and
       | such model naturally gravitates towards centralized systems which
       | leads to the problem we're facing today.
       | 
       | In my opinion, to encourage self-sovereignty, a protocol should
       | decouple the creator and the publisher. The information created
       | by the creator can be published on multiple publisher platforms
       | selected/directed by the creator.
       | 
       | And ideally the creator should be able to directly sharing
       | information with other creators too, like a P2P system. This
       | should also help reduce the risk of information leaking thus more
       | secure.
       | 
       | The protocol also needs to be flexible enough that it can adopt
       | the needs of more modern users too, otherwise you'll found
       | yourself back at the start line few years later.
       | 
       | P.S. If you think this comment is very empty, that's because it
       | is. I've observed quite a few P2P based protocols over these
       | years failing to gain popularity... this is one of the things
       | really hard to get it right. I don't know how to do it, and many
       | way smarter people also failed to do it. So, yeah, that's why
       | this comment is so empty. But hey, if you can get it right, maybe
       | they should give you a Nobel or something.
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | but creating new protocol (standards) also more harder, we can
         | see the example with RCS message google try to push and that
         | require a lot of effort even from big tech
        
         | AstralStorm wrote:
         | These protocols exist, e.g. on top of I2P network.
         | 
         | Thing is, nobody has any incentive to back them.
        
           | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
           | And worse, given how they work, there is a disincentive to
           | use them ( especially so in US jurisdiction ).
        
       | TimByte wrote:
       | The idea of self-sovereignty being protocol-based rather than
       | infrastructure-based is both compelling and challenging
        
       | throwawayexmple wrote:
       | 'Decentralized Identifiers' centralise identity in the DID.
       | That's tautological.
       | 
       | Thus that in itself fails an idea of sovereignty: that choosing
       | to be identified uniquely is your choice.
       | 
       | Barking down this alley, while useful from the perspective of
       | NFTs, does not add much to the concept of actual sovereignty.
        
         | AstralStorm wrote:
         | Nah, if you run your own identity service, you're supposed to
         | be able to issue any number of unverified identities yourself.
         | 
         | The problem there is that others do not play at all with these,
         | plus actual trust has to be somehow solved.
         | 
         | Typical solutions to trust in DID involve either a big central
         | service, a government approved signature... Or theoretically a
         | distributed web of trust but that bit is under development.
        
           | brabel wrote:
           | For ephemeral DIDs to be useful they need to be recognized by
           | the authorities that issue "credentials" based on them. For
           | example, if a website/app requires proof-of-age (you know,
           | like the UK now) you could use a DID for whom a credential
           | showing something like "this is a person who is over 18 years
           | old" was issued by the Birth Registry Authority (or whatever
           | they call you in your country), and the website/app could
           | then check the signature of the credential and be sure it was
           | signed by the right authority. As the owner of a "main" DID,
           | you could request many DIDs (and issue "credentials" based on
           | those), presumably one for each website/app, to evade
           | tracking.
           | 
           | If there was another mechanism to prove age, for example, if
           | everyone had their Date Of Birth on a blockchain or something
           | like that, it could be possible to not rely on a single
           | Authority, but to my knowledge that wouldn't be acceptable in
           | any country of the world... only the government is recognized
           | as an "issuer" of Birth Certificates and names, and I think
           | that's how it has to be... that makes it possible for the
           | government to find out which apps you're using,
           | unfortunately. But there may be ways around that... I believe
           | the whole Verifiable Credentials Working Group uses
           | Verifiable Presentations for this, see
           | https://hub.ebsi.eu/vc-framework/ebsi-w3c-vc-vp
        
       | bbuut wrote:
       | oh look, we reinvented pre-shared keys and keyservers
       | 
       | names and phone books
        
       | brador wrote:
       | The future is distributed and anonymous.
       | 
       | Mesh only works in a post-quantum world.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Related, that this responds to:
       | 
       |  _The future is not self-hosted_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44682175
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | I am in the Philippines this week. I am hoping the future is one
       | where everyone has reliable internet access. My self host stuff
       | is not terribly useful without it.
       | 
       | Christ, the ISP's here need to learn about QoS. ISP's everywhere
       | need to learn how to keep their DNS running well.
       | 
       | We have not yet solved the basics. Of course we cannot solve the
       | hard stuff.
        
       | arnon wrote:
       | While I really want to agree with this, it's giving "You can
       | trivially set up an SFTP server..."
       | 
       | I really wish this was as easy as talking about it is.
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
         | I suppose technically it is not wrong. The minimalist setup is
         | easy, but it also won't work ( and you will be likely treated
         | as spam ).
        
       | apitman wrote:
       | I'm optimistic about self-hosting/self sovereignty (which both
       | fall under the umbrella of what I call indie hosting) long term.
       | 
       | But I think both of these articles gloss over the fact that end-
       | to-end encryption has never been shown to work in a real system
       | with normal people. Key management is a completely unsolved
       | problem.
       | 
       | If you don't have e2ee, with current tooling most people will
       | need someone they trust to run their server. But then you run
       | into a privacy paradox: most people have more content they would
       | rather have google looking at/training on than someone close to
       | them looking at, than the other way around.
       | 
       | Personally I think the next step forward is improving software to
       | be more turnkey so everyone can run their own as a GUI app on an
       | old laptop or phone.
       | 
       | That said, we definitely need protocols for sharing stuff.
        
         | NoraCodes wrote:
         | > end-to-end encryption has never been shown to work in a real
         | system with normal people
         | 
         | I would argue that Signal is a great example of this working
         | quite well, and tons of normal people use Signal. It's no more
         | frictional than WhatsApp.
        
           | ants_everywhere wrote:
           | Signal has a lot of problems with changing devices while
           | preserving history. As in it's often just impossible.
        
             | mrd3v0 wrote:
             | Are you aware of this
             | https://signal.org/blog/a-synchronized-start-for-linked-
             | devi...
        
               | ants_everywhere wrote:
               | I think so, this looks like the feature where adding an
               | new linked device transfers messages from your phone.
               | 
               | What still isn't possible as far as I am aware is
               | transferring messages from Android to iOS or vice versa.
               | Last time I looked into this was a few weeks ago.
        
           | apitman wrote:
           | Signal is a promising example, but ephemeral messaging is a
           | very different use case from things like photo management.
        
         | j45 wrote:
         | These are all solved problems depending on what someone is
         | after.
         | 
         | Tools like tailscale/headscale combined with proxmox give most
         | people point and click self hosting close to using a digital
         | ocean droplet (which should never be used in production).
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | What should never be used in prod?
        
             | j45 wrote:
             | Digital Ocean. Notes in my previous comments somewhere, I
             | can see if I can find it.
             | 
             | Among other things, their system has a massive bug that
             | will delete your servers without notifying anyone with a
             | valid and working CC on file.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | If Self-hosting doesn't have dissident-level privacy it's still
         | dramatically better than centralized SaaS.
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | > end-to-end encryption has never been shown to work in a real
         | system with normal people
         | 
         | Matrix has solved this problem.
        
           | apitman wrote:
           | I've tried to adopt Matrix multiple times over years.
           | 
           | IMO the UX is evidence that e2ee is not solved.
        
             | Arathorn wrote:
             | we solved it in element x, but there appears to be massive
             | inertia towards adopting it because it doesn't have threads
             | or spaces yet.
        
       | infinitezest wrote:
       | > (Disclaimer: This blog post was drafted with the help of a
       | language model, but all opinions expressed are my own.)
       | 
       | This is when I head to an LLM to summarize the key take-aways. If
       | you can't be bothered to write it, I can't be bothered to read
       | it. That said, I certainly agree with the summary! :P
        
         | ai-christianson wrote:
         | It all comes down to the information content :)
        
         | andy99 wrote:
         | Yeah I stopped reading when I saw that, I don't care what GPT
         | thinks and am completely allergic to the idiosyncrasies of LLM
         | writing. Plus, yeah the whole idea they couldn't be bothered to
         | write it, or as a corollary to think it through.
        
           | oceanhaiyang wrote:
           | Very anti-HN thinking to be posted here. I see a common trend
           | in people loving blogging for it helps solidify their
           | thoughts. Making an LLM do this is only wasting everyone
           | time.
        
           | t-writescode wrote:
           | So, to be clear, you're upset by their transparency that they
           | used LLMs while plenty of other writers use it to:
           | * brainstorm       * reword hard sections they garbage'd out
           | on accident       * catch typos / formatting / flow issues
           | 
           | But only because they chose strong transparency about their
           | activity?
        
             | kamranjon wrote:
             | The disclaimer said the article was drafted with the help
             | of an LLM - if they just did the list of things you
             | mentioned I wouldn't think they would need to put up a
             | disclaimer (you don't see disclaimers saying this article
             | was written with the help of Google or Wikipedia) - the
             | fundamental issue I think is that they are letting the LLM
             | actually write the article, which I think people know,
             | pretty viscerally, that they disagree with.
             | 
             | I had the same reaction, which is that I do not want to
             | read something that was written by an LLM and immediately
             | backed out - which is great I really appreciate their
             | disclaimer, it helped me not waste my time on things I
             | don't personally want to consume.
        
       | ants_everywhere wrote:
       | > There is no shared protocol for identity, no agreed standard
       | for portable, user-owned data, no common infrastructure for
       | composable interaction.
       | 
       | I've heard this idea in several forms, and it's not what I think
       | most people want.
       | 
       | I don't want to live in a world where everything is trackable to
       | a stable identity. Since the stable identity is ultimately
       | trackable to your socual security number, this is essentially a
       | world in which all of your online activity is trackable to your
       | SSN.
       | 
       | You can see why this is valuable to some people. And if you want
       | to monetize everyone's data it's an important first step.
       | 
       | But it's firmly in the authoritarian camp where everyone is
       | monitored and tracked. And that I think is still contrary to how
       | most people want to live their life.
        
         | survirtual wrote:
         | We need a system for digital identity that can be confidently
         | connected to a singular living organism. That identity acts as
         | a sort of credential. With that credential, you can anonymously
         | take online action that is untraceable to the identity, besides
         | knowing the anon identity is a real, singular human.
         | 
         | If you can follow that logic, you will see that this makes
         | many, many things possible. Anonymous credentials are possible
         | right now and extend to anything. It can represent "this anon
         | identity is a PhD in physics", "this one is a lawyer with 5
         | years experience in criminal law", etc. But this sort of
         | mechanism starts with being able to say "this is a singular
         | person, with identity verified by X mechanism".
         | 
         | It is absolutely foundational and the opposite of dystopian. It
         | allows us to combat every current dystopian mechanism without
         | creating any additional compared to what already exists.
        
           | ants_everywhere wrote:
           | > If you can follow that logic
           | 
           | I can't, because it's not logical. You want a credential that
           | provides exactly one bit of information with certainty. It's
           | not at all clear that something like that exists or if it
           | did, how you would prevent multiple people from sharing the
           | same credential if it was also actually possible to use it
           | anonymously.
           | 
           | > It can represent "this anon identity is a PhD in physics",
           | "this one is a lawyer with 5 years experience in criminal
           | law",
           | 
           | You're saying the credential can leak information about the
           | user. You don't need many of these bits of information to de-
           | anonymize someone.
        
           | bluebarbet wrote:
           | The system you are describing exists already, in China. And
           | indeed it "makes many, many things possible". For one, it
           | makes the concept of a ticket meaningless: either your
           | "single living organism" (i.e. biometric ID) has permission
           | to enter the movie theater, or get on the train, or whatever,
           | or it doesn't. The hassle reduction is enormous! And it is
           | also widely considered dystopian.
           | 
           | Clearly the crucial issue is the "untraceability" of the ID.
           | In practice somebody is going to have to know who is who, and
           | in practice the state is going to arrogate that role, as
           | perhaps it should. So the fundamental question is whether it
           | is possible to make the state democratically accountable.
        
       | loceng wrote:
       | Re: "(Disclaimer: This blog post was drafted with the help of a
       | language model, but all opinions expressed are my own.)"
       | 
       | Anyone else appreciate the attribution to utilizing AI?
       | 
       | I'd further appreciate if they were willing to provide a link or
       | version of what model they used, and ideally the prompt they fed
       | it with - and perhaps the version controlled history of the
       | prompt(s) they used until it output as desired? Not necessarily
       | so seamless if only partly using AI for output.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Nah, this kind of attribution is a lose-lose. It just gives AI
         | haters an excuse to discount everything you say.
        
       | mentalgear wrote:
       | > We don't need more "alternatives" to the cloud. We need a shift
       | in architecture--from platform-centric to protocol-centric
       | systems.
       | 
       | If the protocols are e2ee and the metadata not stored than it
       | shouldn't matter who's server it is. But to be sure, better use
       | something like "iroh" network protocol with hole punching.
        
       | sylens wrote:
       | Until we achieve a good ecosystem of interoperability between
       | servies that allow for self-sovereign movement, we should be
       | encouraging people to move off the big tech platforms and use
       | smaller businesses that value things like open source, self
       | hosting, and having control of your data. While most of us here
       | on HN would prefer to self-host Immich ourselves, for my friends
       | who are not that technically proficient, I recommend Ente to them
       | - E2EE alternative to Google Photos with a way to easily get your
       | data out (you can even sync it to a local copy routinely) and
       | self-host if the price ever gets too high or you want to move
       | providers. I'd like to see more companies and platforms follow
       | that model.
        
       | 8fingerlouie wrote:
       | I fully agree with the points the author makes about self
       | hosting. You're not liberating anybody and you're just creating
       | more obstacles for sharing data.
       | 
       | Sure, if your user count equals one, then go ahead, but as
       | someone who has self hosted for 2 decades, trust me, you're only
       | making it harder. As soon as you want to share data or
       | collaborate on data, you're forcing another person to download
       | and use a specific app, and you'll be managing a bunch of users.
       | 
       | Add to that the fact that the internet is not a friendly place,
       | and you'll really cannot just take a lax stance to security.
       | Everything needs to be top notch and patched.
       | 
       | Personally I've long since moved to public cloud. It doesn't
       | matter where my data is hosted as long as I have a backup of it,
       | and everything stored in the cloud is encrypted (where
       | applicable) before uploading it.
       | 
       | As for the didspaces product, isn't that just what Resilio Sync
       | and Syncthing did a decade ago ?
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | If I had a database with push based replication instead of pull
       | based, then one of the apps on my todo list would be done by now.
       | 
       | There are certain application types where I think it makes sense
       | to self host the admin interface and cloud host the rest. None of
       | or only a fraction of the write traffic is ever exposed to
       | external access, and if done right the app can work fine with two
       | nines of uptime on the admin services. Which puts it into the
       | realm of running it out of your home office and having it sync to
       | the cloud.
        
       | aeblyve wrote:
       | I'm not really convinced of this in the long term. Commodities
       | like baskets or vases were something that were once made by each
       | tribe individually but became industrial products made in
       | relatively fewer places (relative to human settlement) at much
       | larger scales.
       | 
       | The economies of scale of cloud computing seem to prescribe the
       | same trajectory to computer services as well for completely
       | material reasons, not ideological ones.
       | 
       | In any case, differentiation is only made possible by a base of
       | de-differentiated socialized production. Electricity.
        
       | drumdance wrote:
       | I don't have a strong opinion on this piece but I very much would
       | like to see DID catch on.
       | 
       | Not the WorldCoin version, but one that states and other state-
       | backed providers can use to verify that someone is who they say
       | they are.
        
       | cat-whisperer wrote:
       | I'm curious, how does blockchain play into being self-sovereign?
       | Is the idea that decentralized networks can give us control over
       | our own data?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Some DIDs are blockchain-based (Ethereum Name Service and
         | Worldcoin being the most (in)famous) but it seems like DIDs
         | that are actually used (e.g. Bluesky) are either DNS-based or
         | centralized.
        
           | BigTuna wrote:
           | And fwiw Bluesky DIDs are currently still centralized in
           | plc.directory but work is being done to decentralize them.
        
       | stevenfoster wrote:
       | What a last name to be making this argument with.
        
       | aborsy wrote:
       | Go to a grad office and talk to PhD students in technical
       | subjects (other than CS). Ask them, what is a certificate, DNS,
       | reverse proxy, SSH public key, docker, TCP/IP, hypervisor, ...
       | You would be surprised how many people have no idea! You can't
       | expect people manage their servers.
       | 
       | I spent half of today tracking down a DNS issue at home. Your
       | home lab will evolve and there will be changes. You need to stay
       | current with the required knowledge, and that takes time and
       | attention.
        
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