[HN Gopher] Tram Trains
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tram Trains
        
       Author : ortegaygasset
       Score  : 39 points
       Date   : 2025-07-23 14:37 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.worksinprogress.news)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.worksinprogress.news)
        
       | fjfaase wrote:
       | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tram-train for a more extensive
       | list of tram train solutions world wide.
        
         | salynchnew wrote:
         | Weirdly sparse list, here.
         | 
         | Does San Francisco's Muni LRVs somehow not qualify as a tram
         | train network?
         | 
         | https://www.sfmta.com/getting-around/muni/muni-metro-light-r...
        
           | puls wrote:
           | It doesn't because it doesn't use any mainline rail track.
           | Imagine if the T-Third went onto the Caltrain tracks at
           | Bayshore and continued down the peninsula instead of
           | terminating at Sunnydale; that would be a tram-train.
           | 
           | It would also be more or less impossible under current US
           | regulations, but there's always hoping that that could be
           | fixed.
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | It would reduce both capacity and speed. That would put a
             | slow, low-capacity tram on the same track as a fast train
             | line with large trains.
             | 
             | Current Caltrain equipment: [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUEZ6uuM_EA
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | That is not just a capacity and speed issue, it is also a
               | safety issue. You don't put "light rail" and "heavy rail"
               | on the same track, because a collision will be
               | catastrophic to the light rail.
        
       | trollied wrote:
       | Sheffield in the UK has tram trains - it was the first such
       | implementation in the UK, and runs on national rail lines as part
       | of the journey to Rotherham.
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | > _while others, such as Cologne, have simply added platforms at
       | their main stations to enable suburban trains to run through._
       | 
       | We did?
       | 
       | Cologne's tram system is weird. Over the last century, they
       | merged the tram, subway and selected private railways into a
       | single network. The result is sort of a tram network on steroids,
       | that also runs underground and serves longer distances to two
       | neighboring cities. But it's still separate from the national
       | train network or even "real" suburban trains (S-Bahn).
       | 
       | (Edit: Just learned the term "interurban" for that...)
       | 
       | That's unlike Berlin or Vienna, where you sometimes have subway
       | and S-Bahn side by side in the same station, but on different
       | tracks. I think that's closer to what they mean with "through-
       | running"?
        
         | croisillon wrote:
         | i can't think of any side by side subway and s-bahn in vienna?
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | Was thinking of Quartier Belvedere, but seems to be
           | subterranean S-Bahn only.
           | 
           | Maybe Wien Mitte though?
           | 
           | https://homepage.univie.ac.at/horst.prillinger/ubahn/m/large.
           | ..
        
             | croisillon wrote:
             | no, Mitte is similar to Praterstern, you need a couple
             | minutes between s and u platforms
        
               | xg15 wrote:
               | Ah, then I was misremembering from my last trip and will
               | take that back.
        
               | croisillon wrote:
               | no worries, i was genuinely curious if i had missed
               | something
        
               | Aphataeros wrote:
               | Two stations have the Metro and Trains on the same
               | elevation, running parallel to each other: Hutteldorf &
               | Heilligenstadt both ends of the U4, but they are
               | physically separated and you have to leave the metro to
               | enter the train system.
        
               | dillz wrote:
               | Handelskai, too. (U6 <-> S-Bahn)
        
       | Scoundreller wrote:
       | > Tram-trains manage speeds about the same as the wholly tunneled
       | Paris Metro.
       | 
       | Uhhh, it's not.
       | 
       | E.g.
       | 
       | > Line 8 is 22.057 km (13.706 mi) long, including 2.8 km (1.7 mi)
       | of open-air tracks in the southeastern suburbs.
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_8
       | 
       | Maybe they just meant comparing it to the tunnelled sections but
       | I also don't see why that would really impact speeds. It's the
       | traffic/grade separation that gets you the speed advantage.
       | 
       | also the Paris Metro is kinda slow because of station density, so
       | you may save a lot of walking but have a lot of station dwell
       | time.
       | 
       | Go during the day and pick any two arbitrary points in Paris and
       | you'll usually find cycling faster than transit on Google Maps.
        
       | xxmarkuski wrote:
       | > This caps capacity and reliability.
       | 
       | Karlsruhe: The local operators have severe quality issues, in
       | part due to this concept. There are like four points in the city
       | where issues impact the whole network. The rolling stock is very
       | bad compared to the other regional trains running in Baden-
       | Wurttemberg (no/bad ac, flaky internet, no sockets, bad seating).
       | The trains have way too little capacity, I've seen incidents,
       | where they run three coaches (which they don't do often, they are
       | too long to enter the city), where people could not get in
       | anymore. Some of the stations in the surrounding area are
       | absolutely mental (Durmersheim for example), you have to walk
       | over rails where ICEs and cargo goes through. Some trains are
       | split or merged when leaving or entering the city, but it always
       | causes delays. When trains can't use the heavy metal rails and
       | thus not leave the city due to ICEs getting priority, a lot of
       | inner city traffic can be affected. The cooperation between the
       | different infrastructure operators is also a source of problems.
       | 
       | Do not take Karlsruhe uncritically as an example where this model
       | works well, yeah sure average numbers make it look good, but the
       | reliability is complete ass. KVV always manages to surprise me on
       | how bad it gets.
        
       | Peteragain wrote:
       | In Melbourne we loved our Tram Trams that run down the middle of
       | the street and hold up the traffic. The W class trams were all
       | fazed out and replaced with "light rail". Bigger Faster Better.
       | Not. Melbourne has a good mix of tram and train - yes you take
       | athe train to the city (a through route via the underground loop)
       | and get on a tram for the last km. Small frequent trams are
       | better for this and require lighter track. I think there was a
       | recent HN article to this effect.
        
       | PLenz wrote:
       | Time to reinvent the Interurban
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interurban
        
         | woodpanel wrote:
         | The article mentions the old chestnut ,,but due to preference
         | given to automobiles" without further explaining what that
         | actually means. Since there's no need to. We're all very well
         | aware how to fill out the blanks in our minds: cars are bad,
         | car manufacturers are evil, they did this to us, only
         | government intervention can save us.
         | 
         | yet, what this historiography conveniently omits is that it was
         | the glorious government intervention that strangled the often
         | privately owned interurban/tram/train companies out of business
         | due to massive amounts of roads being built under public works
         | programs that were all too common from the 1920s-1940s.
         | 
         | As the article mentions later:
         | 
         |  _automobile doomed the interurban whose private, tax-paying
         | tracks could never compete with the highways that a generous
         | government provided for the motorist._
         | 
         | that provision had many names, one was "New Deal"
         | 
         | I don't have a solution but two observations:
         | 
         | 1) somehow in Asia never happened what happened in the West,
         | that is, private transportation companies are still private,
         | they prosper, and the societies excel at mobility.
         | 
         | 2) Never ever destroy built infrastructure. Always plan for the
         | possibility for a comeback. Post-war, many cities removed tram
         | tracks. But even a rusty tram track is cheaper to repair 70
         | years later than, paying upfront for the dismantling and 70
         | years later for a complete new construction.
        
           | nocoiner wrote:
           | I really like your point #2. A little bit of me dies every
           | time I see a rail-to-trail project. Granted, many (most?
           | all?) of those lines have approximately a 0% chance of ever
           | being economic again, but there's also rail-centered
           | redevelopment that's being permanently foreclosed.
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | Over the longer haul, 99% of the potential infrastructure
             | value of the "destroyed" rail line is in the unified right
             | of way ownership. Rails rust (or are sold for scrap,
             | legally or not), ties rot, ballast (gravel) becomes choked
             | with dirt, brush, and trees, and bridges and viaducts
             | crumble. _So long as_ the rail-to-trail project doesn 't
             | erect a too-high legal barrier to eventual higher-value
             | uses, it's actually a best case scenario.
        
               | nocoiner wrote:
               | Excellent point and well stated.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | Tram tracks are a triping and cycling hazard. Leaving unused,
           | presumably unmaintained tracks in your city for 70 years just
           | in case has a cost.
           | 
           | Keeping unused right of ways open is challenging too.
           | Adjacent properties will tend to encroach, and depending on
           | specifics and local rules, may be able to claim the
           | encroached property through adverse possession.
        
           | mauvehaus wrote:
           | There are real costs to retaining disused tram tracks. In
           | Boston, the MBTA Green line E branch tracks were left in
           | place for decades after service was discontinued, no doubt
           | increasing costs every time they had to pave around them or
           | do utility maintenance below them.
           | 
           | In Somerville, the Somerville Community Path was a disused
           | heavy rail right-of-way when I first visited in 2002 or 2003.
           | Ripping up the tracks and putting in the community path
           | improved walkability to a Red Line station (Davis) and
           | creating a nice space for recreational walking and cycling.
           | 
           | There are real trade offs to leaving disused infrastructure
           | in place. Not losing a continuous right-of-way is a huge
           | upside, but there are definitely downsides too.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | Some combination of interurbans and golf cart cars and electric
       | scooters and electric skateboards would make a marvelous urban
       | transportation milieu.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | London? London has 13 major railroad stations and they're all
       | dead ends.[1] Crossrail, with expensive tunnels, now provides
       | some east-west through services.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Major_railway_stations_...
        
         | zimpenfish wrote:
         | Pretty sure London Bridge has through trains (Thameslink) and
         | also Blackfriars.
         | 
         | e.g. today's 18:24 from Horsham to Peterbrough going through
         | London Bridge at 19:31, Blackfriars at 19:37 and then St
         | Pancras (for a triple!) at 19:46
         | https://www.thetrainline.com/live/departures/london-blackfri...
        
           | lpribis wrote:
           | Yeah the only through-running trains through the actual city
           | centre are the Elizabeth line and Thameslink. If you count
           | slightly outside the city centre, you could also consider the
           | West London Line (southern and overground), and the other
           | overground from Croydon to Islington to be throu-running. But
           | they slightly miss the city centre.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | There's a fan-out at London Bridge to three more stations,
           | but everything dead-ends within 2km or so. You can't continue
           | west or north and get out of London on any of those tracks.
        
         | desas wrote:
         | > Terminating a train and turning it around takes a lot of
         | space, space that is usually unavailable in a city center.
         | 
         | This doesn't happen in London in my experience. Trains don't
         | turn around, instead every train is double-ended. The driver
         | gets out of the cab at the terminus, walks to the other end of
         | the train and gets in the other cab. They can do it faster than
         | the passengers disembark.
        
       | standardUser wrote:
       | > A final model of light rail worth mentioning is interurbans.
       | ...these systems were sometimes staggeringly expansive: at one
       | point, it was possible to travel from Wisconsin to New York State
       | exclusively by interurban.
       | 
       | I had no idea. A few systems are still in place:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interurban#United_States
        
       | kposehn wrote:
       | > The low density of Charlotte means a transport network like
       | Munich's is not viable, but the city could take its pre-existing
       | light rail network and join it up to the extensive network of
       | railroad lines around the city that are currently used only for
       | moving freight.
       | 
       | This is not a feasible option due to the vast difference in
       | crashworthiness standards between US freight rail and other
       | system types such as light rail. The FRA actually prohibits
       | allowing these two types on the same network of tracks at the
       | same time. However, they could use a line along the right-of-way
       | were it big enough to accommodate another set of tracks.
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | In quite a few cases, old rail right-of-ways near cities are
         | large enough for an extra track or few. Because, back in the
         | heyday of American railroads, they either had another track or
         | few, or they expected to.
         | 
         | The biggest issue is often bridges. Retaining the land that
         | additional track(s) were on is fairly cheap. Building and
         | maintaining rail bridges is not.
         | 
         | And building the light rail bridges for a transit system is
         | _not_ cheap. It 's just less horribly expensive than building
         | bridges which you could run strings of 220-ton freight
         | locomotives over.
        
           | jazzyjackson wrote:
           | Funny reason there used to be double tracks almost everywhere
           | that is now single tracked: while the government granted the
           | property to the railroads, they still excised a tax over the
           | portion of that land used by the railroads, so in the 70s
           | when companies were going bankrupt left and right they tore
           | up their own infrastructure to reduce the tax burden. Hell of
           | a fuckup.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | How does this work for say, the New York and Atlantic Railway
         | which runs freight trains on the same tracks as the Long Island
         | Rail Road? There are stations where a freight train passes
         | through while a passenger train is behind it.
        
           | senkora wrote:
           | The LIRR is heavy rail rather than light rail.
           | 
           | I don't know the regulations but that's probably why.
        
         | desas wrote:
         | Is there a reason you couldn't build new light rail trains to a
         | higher level of crashworthiness than they are currently? I
         | don't know the full details, but that's how tram-trains in
         | Sheffield, UK were allowed access to the main railway network.
        
       | trgn wrote:
       | Brussels is a great example of a train briefly turning into a
       | subway. There's pretty much never a fare check either, so it's
       | essentially a free north south subway line at very high
       | frequency.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-07-23 23:01 UTC)