[HN Gopher] Gemini North telescope discovers long-predicted stel...
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       Gemini North telescope discovers long-predicted stellar companion
       of Betelgeuse
        
       https://noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2523/
        
       Author : layer8
       Score  : 91 points
       Date   : 2025-07-22 16:41 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | 1-minute video: https://noirlab.edu/public/videos/noirlab2523b/
        
       | htrp wrote:
       | Gemini North is a telescope, not some new feature of Google's AI
       | model https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemini_Observatory
       | 
       | >Gemini North telescope in Hawai'i reveals never-before-seen
       | companion to Betelgeuse, solving millennia-old mystery
        
       | dylan604 wrote:
       | At least they got to see it _before_ Betelgeuse went supernovae.
       | Do we have examples of the results of the companion star when the
       | main star lets go?
        
         | dontlikeyoueith wrote:
         | Wouldn't all Type Ia supernova be examples of at least one
         | possible end state of such an event?
         | 
         | https://science.nasa.gov/resource/type-ia-supernova/
         | 
         | The larger star explodes first in a Type II supernova, becomes
         | a Type Ia.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | You're asking a question in response to a question. Your Type
           | Ia link suggests this is _not_ what is happening with
           | Betelgeuse though. Its companion star is not a white dwarf.
           | Betelgeuse itself is the start expected to go boom. So what
           | happens to its companion? The anim you linked to shows that
           | the white dwarf 's explosion didn't destroy its larger star
           | companion, but Betelgeuse is the opposite with the larger
           | star going boom.
        
         | bongoman42 wrote:
         | For all we know, it might have gone supernova in the last few
         | hundred years and we've yet to receive the light from it.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Betelgeuse is approximately 650 to 700 light-years away from
           | Earth, so if you consider a few 300 then that means we have
           | at least ~350 years to continue studying it.
        
       | chasil wrote:
       | The companion star "has an estimated mass of about 1.5 times that
       | of the Sun and appears to be an A- or B-type main pre-sequence
       | star, i.e. a hot, young, bluish-white star that has not yet begun
       | to burn hydrogen in its core... The companion is located at a
       | relatively close distance to Betelgeuse, about 4 times the
       | distance between Earth and the Sun. This discovery is the first
       | time a stellar companion has been detected orbiting so close to a
       | red supergiant star. Even more surprising is that the companion
       | orbits inside Betelgeuse's outer atmosphere."
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Also
         | 
         | >This discovery provides a clearer picture of this red
         | supergiant's life and future death. Betelgeuse and its
         | companion star were likely born at the same time. However, the
         | companion star will have a shortened lifespan as strong tidal
         | forces will cause it to spiral into Betelgeuse and meet its
         | demise, which scientists estimate will occur within the next
         | 10,000 years.
         | 
         | It's unfortunate our flesh lasts but a blink of cosmic time.
         | That would be something to witness.
        
           | adastra22 wrote:
           | We should fix that.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | >It's unfortunate our flesh lasts but a blink of cosmic time.
           | That would be something to witness.
           | 
           | My preferred solution to the Fermi paradox is that hundred
           | million year long lifespans become trivial relatively soon at
           | which point sublight speed galactic travel becomes no big
           | deal and the differing time scale means that not being
           | contacted by an alien intelligence simply hasn't happened
           | yet, have you tried to establish communication with an ant
           | hill in the last 10 seconds? Everybody else in the galaxy who
           | could talk to us lives so long that they just haven't tried
           | to say hello in the last 10,000 years because they were out
           | to lunch.
        
       | pavel_lishin wrote:
       | Could this explain why Betelgeuse's brightness seems to vary so
       | much?
       | 
       | edit: apparently, yep, that's why.
        
         | arnavpraneet wrote:
         | Could you provide any links as to this? Was not able to find
         | anything
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | See here:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betelgeuse#Variability
           | 
           | And from the original NOIRLab link: "This discovery answers
           | the longstanding mystery of the star's varying brightness".
        
       | dang wrote:
       | The submitted URL was
       | https://noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2523/, but for some reason
       | is frequently returning the Spanish version of the article. We
       | replaced it with a link to a third-party article and will include
       | the noirlab.edu link at the top.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | I suspect the following should work to force the English
         | version:
         | https://noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2523/?nocache=true&la...
        
           | ac794 wrote:
           | Gemini also has a press release here:
           | https://www.gemini.edu/news/press-releases/noirlab2523
        
       | anjel wrote:
       | dumb question: If a pre-sequence star is assimilated into a
       | larger EOL star, does all the newly assimilated fuel delay or
       | accellerate the larger star's demise?
        
         | bonzini wrote:
         | It may prolong life by a few million years. A red supergiant's
         | outer layers still have a few solar masses worth of hydrogen,
         | and the extra material would delay the collapse of the star
         | onto its core.
         | 
         | On the other hand, if the merger happens after the star has
         | started burning carbon, it would have no effect. The explosions
         | and collapses occurring in a supergiant are driven by
         | successive phases of nuclear fusion in the core (collapse when
         | one kind of fuel is exhausted, explosion as the previous fusion
         | products become fusion ingredients), and they happen on a very
         | short timescale (starting at thousands of years and ending at
         | days before the star goes supernova). The presence of lighter
         | elements billions of km away would not really have any impact
         | on that.
        
       | e23c16 wrote:
       | The paper is here: https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15749
       | 
       | The detection appears to be statistically very marginal,
       | 1.5sigma, and the image contains a very similar bright spot on
       | the opposite side of the star (which, for some reason, does not
       | warrant a detection claim).
        
         | ac794 wrote:
         | The 'ghost' on the other side is an artifact of the speckle
         | imaging technique.
        
       | mkw5053 wrote:
       | Wow, so it's currently shining purely from gravitational energy
       | release, not nuclear reactions. I hadn't realized that it was
       | possible or that we'd be able to see something of the sort.
        
         | Sharlin wrote:
         | This was how physicists hypothesized the sun and other stars
         | work in the late 19th and early 20th century, before the
         | discovery of nuclear fusion. It presented a conundrum because
         | calculations showed that the sun could only sustain the
         | observed rate of energy release for a few million years -
         | whereas the contemporary geological evidence was indicating
         | that the Earth must be billions of years old.
        
       | AverageSavage wrote:
       | Is it Beetlejuice, Beetlejuice?
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Juice of the beetle, yes.
        
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       (page generated 2025-07-22 23:00 UTC)