[HN Gopher] Super-resolution microscopes reveal new details of c...
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       Super-resolution microscopes reveal new details of cells and
       disease
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 73 points
       Date   : 2025-07-18 21:13 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (knowablemagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (knowablemagazine.org)
        
       | Zealotux wrote:
       | Sorry for being a bit off-topic. Biology wasn't my forte in high
       | school, I wish I had read this article back then
       | https://jsomers.net/i-should-have-loved-biology/ and seen that
       | video (9:08 min)
       | https://youtu.be/WFCvkkDSfIU?si=12bbZajsUnYagD4_&t=15
        
         | Jessibot wrote:
         | This looks really good, thanks for sharing!
        
       | HSO wrote:
       | That's a _very_ good magazine iirc. I discovered it during the
       | pandemic and remember how stunned i was that i had been unaware
       | of such a high quality science magazine. Thanks for reminder that
       | i should drive by this website more often.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | > As the probes twinkle on and off, computational models estimate
       | exactly where each molecule is located -- and reconstruct a high-
       | resolution image of the sample.
       | 
       | How do time and motion fit in with these techniques? I'm dimly
       | aware that the molecular machinery inside cells moves pretty
       | fast, and that a lot of things move around randomly. In normal
       | size ranges that kind of thing would naturally make it hard to
       | get a clear picture. Do these imaging techniques require that
       | stuff be frozen or specially prepared? Or do the techniques
       | themselves work so fast that they can get a snapshot regardless?
        
         | vonzepp wrote:
         | Yes. This isn't for dynamic events.
        
         | EColi wrote:
         | The cells are "fixed" (with paraformaldehyde (PFA) for
         | example), so yes these are snapshots but not because the
         | technique is fast. These techniques can actually be quite slow
         | because you need to collect enough blinks to reconstruct the
         | final image.
        
         | jkh1 wrote:
         | You can track things in live cells with MINFLUX, one of the
         | recent super-resolution techniques coming from Stefan Hell's
         | lab. Edit: add MINFLUX review: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.15902
        
         | ClaraForm wrote:
         | Other commenters are wrong. Live-cell can be done with older
         | single-molecule localization microscopy using techniques like
         | PAINT. The fluorophore is usually strategically added in a way
         | that binding-unbinding events cause excitation. Algorithms can
         | then infer identity of single fluorophores based on their
         | excitation pattern/strength and can predict whether it's two
         | distinct fluorophore molecules or the same molecule moving over
         | multiple frames of image acquisition.
        
       | forgotpwagain wrote:
       | There are biotech companies like Eikon Therapeutics
       | (https://www.eikontx.com/ ) where super-resolution microscopy in
       | living cells is a central part of the platform.
       | 
       | There is also one widespread approach that isn't mentioned in the
       | article: expansion microscopy. Expansion takes the scifi-sounding
       | approach of: what if you could make your sample physically
       | bigger? See the Wikipedia page for more:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansion_microscopy
        
         | ClaraForm wrote:
         | Couple more notes:
         | 
         | 1. Stephen Hell has been theorizing about how to do super-res
         | microscopy since the mid-90s, so the article saying it was sci-
         | fi "20 years ago" is off by about 10 years.
         | 
         | 2. Stephen Hell has recently given the world another new
         | technique, MINFLUX, which seems to be his best gift to super-
         | res researchers so far. :)
        
       | jimkleiber wrote:
       | I love when I come across something super niche on HN where I
       | actually know someone working in it. A friend of mine from
       | college (university), Ibrahim Cisse, now runs a lab[0] in this
       | space, and while the description of his work is way over my head,
       | I imagine some of you might find it interesting:
       | 
       | > Laboratory Ibrahim Cisse > Single Molecule and Super-Resolution
       | imaging in live cells > We leverage expertise in Single-Molecule
       | and Super-Resolution imaging in live cells to study collective
       | behaviors (e.g., protein clustering) emerging from weak or
       | transient biomolecular interactions in mammalian cells. We
       | unveil, often for the first time, that these clusters exist in
       | living cells, and we expand both on the imaging approaches and
       | the cellular and molecular biology techniques to discover the
       | biophysical mechanisms of action and their function in vivo.
       | 
       | Or for a quick layman's explanation, here's a YouTube video of
       | him describing his work when he won a MacArthur Fellowship [1].
       | 
       | I'm grateful for HN for reminding me of him and giving me an
       | excuse to look up his work a little more in-depth.
       | 
       | [0]: https://www.ie-freiburg.mpg.de/cisse
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXYof3RQ_WU
        
         | j7ake wrote:
         | "runs a lab" is putting it lightly. He's a Max Planck institute
         | director. This means essentially limitless funds for his own
         | research and can shape hiring of faculty in his institute.
        
           | jimkleiber wrote:
           | Haha fair, I think I thought the Max Planck role was
           | prestigious but 1) didn't know what it entailed and 2) maybe
           | feared to almost boast about knowing such a cool person.
           | 
           | Thank you for saying that and helping me better understand
           | what it means.
        
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