[HN Gopher] Hand: open-source Robot Hand
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hand: open-source Robot Hand
        
       Author : vineethy
       Score  : 319 points
       Date   : 2025-07-17 12:08 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
       | Looks like this product is called AmazingHand (and there are
       | billions of "hand"s in the world), so the title might have some
       | room for improvement as far as searchability goes.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Would it be possible to have tendons running through the arms, so
       | the weight of the hand is reduced?
        
         | stefanka wrote:
         | Most tendons materials are elastic. That lead to create
         | calibration problems and require proprioceptive sensors in the
         | hand
        
           | fusslo wrote:
           | Huh, never thought of that
           | 
           | I wonder if companies are experimenting with materials like
           | UHMWPE for non-elastic, high strength-to-diameter tendons.
           | 
           | I dont know if you'd have to weld the dyneema to the anchor
           | points, though
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | I think you're misunderstanding the essence of the problem.
             | If you use tendons, you'll need a neural network in your
             | control loop that can learn continuously so that it
             | compensates rope stretch and changes in friction through
             | wear and tear.
             | 
             | A lot of problems in robotics reduce down to continual
             | learning. Essentially all system identification tasks
             | become obsolete the moment you have a self learning system
             | and yet we have an AI industry preaching that AGI is around
             | the corner without this "crutch".
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | Not to mention that they easily break and are annoyingly
               | tedious to be replaced (I had to assist often enough on
               | such "surgeries" in our lab)
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | You could add encoder patterns to the tendons, like
               | stripes. And then use something like a mouse-sensor to
               | track them. This is still much lighter than servos.
               | 
               | Another idea is to use an external camera or two and to
               | track the fingers with a deep learning model. But this
               | can become messy if other objects are in view. And it
               | might also introduce more control delay in the feedback
               | loop than a simple sensor.
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | If space permits you should add absolute encoders in the
               | joints. In a finger that's likely a challenge. In an arm,
               | that's easy
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | You don't necessarily need neural networks for that,
               | there are more specialized function approximations that
               | learn faster and enable life-long learning for
               | kinematics/dynamics and extrapolate better than NN which
               | are more general purpose.
        
               | spauldo wrote:
               | I would think pressure and angle sensors tied to a PID
               | loop would suffice, but I'm not a roboticist.
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | If you can get a feedback loop at the respective joint,
               | then yes, this might be enough. In case of an arm (not
               | this hand), you can often only observe the end of a
               | chain, and then, that's more complex
        
             | stefanka wrote:
             | Roboy used dyneema tendons if I recall correctly. Fluidic
             | actuators is another option. IMO, additional sensors and
             | sensor fusion are necessary but this will raise the costs
             | and demand to control software significantly. We are
             | researching humanoid robots for quite some decades now and
             | these problems are easily underestimated (similarly to
             | autonomous driving). I doubt we'll see them in our houses
             | very soon.
        
               | fusionadvocate wrote:
               | The issue is not that these problems are easily
               | underestimated, but that the researchers are very
               | proficient at repeating the same mistakes over and over
               | again.
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | Or both ...
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | In practice force sensing is more useful than proprioception
           | in most cases, at least for grasping. Generally you won't the
           | dimensions of an object you're attempting to grasp anywhere
           | near as well as you would know the shape of the hand you're
           | using so a certain amount of underactuated compliance makes
           | the job a lot easier.
        
             | stefanka wrote:
             | I agree. But even then elasticity had to be taken into
             | account (and maybe even gravity), if the object is very
             | delicate.
        
         | atrus wrote:
         | Will Cogley has had a few different designs with tendoned
         | hands.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/@WillCogley
         | 
         | https://willcogley.notion.site/
         | 
         | So, there are designs out there for that too!
        
       | mclau157 wrote:
       | Pollen Robotics and HuggingFace are doing a lot for robotics
       | right now!
        
         | ge96 wrote:
         | Wonder if it will get adopted (huggingface robot) I noticed the
         | eyes/cameras go behind the neck thing for sleep mode
        
       | mft_ wrote:
       | This looks like a nice, approachable robotic model of a human
       | hand that can be printed and experimented with.
       | 
       | But... is a human hand the best design for a robot to grip things
       | with? Or could we surmise that the human hand evolved as a pretty
       | good hand _given the materials and senses that were available to
       | evolve humans from_ , while in theory a totally different design
       | might be optimal for gripping when constructed from metal,
       | plastic, motors, etc.?
        
         | bigmadshoe wrote:
         | It's easier for humans to train a human hand
        
         | atrus wrote:
         | Depends on what you mean by best ofc :P
         | 
         | If anything, the human world is built for humans, so a lot of
         | existing things are naturally compatible with human hands.
         | Also, take into account flexibility. It might not be the best
         | for one job, but it's really okay at a lot of jobs.
        
         | magicmicah85 wrote:
         | Is there a better design? I ask this genuinely, I really don't
         | know but I suspect that the human hand is versatile enough to
         | allow it to be programmable for a variety of tasks.
        
         | mandeepj wrote:
         | You can make it switchable! Think of it more like a dye, if
         | that helps.
        
         | a_wild_dandan wrote:
         | Our modern world was built for hand-havers, so we build hand-
         | havers for general interaction with the modern world. This
         | vicious cycle will end, but a certain amount of inertial
         | clunkiness is inevitable in nascent technological disruptions.
         | Especially in moments as grand as the second industrial
         | revolution.
        
         | TechDebtDevin wrote:
         | Would you prefer necrobotics!?!
         | 
         | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-use-dea...
         | 
         | How long until human hands are put on robotics??
        
           | jimhi wrote:
           | This is the craziest thing I've seen in awhile
        
         | LeifCarrotson wrote:
         | A human hand is probably the most appropriate design for a
         | robot to grip a variety of things _that were designed to be
         | gripped by human hands._
         | 
         | For any one specific thing, be it a doorknob, a rope, a sheet
         | of paper or fabric, or a pair of scissors, there's probably a
         | different design that's several orders of magnitude simpler and
         | cheaper, and also much stronger and more reliable. Single-axis
         | parallel grippers, circumferential chucks, vacuum cups/vacuum
         | pads, electromagnets, cam lock and release mechanisms, and so
         | on are common in industrial robotics.
         | 
         | Assume your robot's only task is to grab a spool with a 35
         | +/-0.5 mm ID core from from an infeed rack and place it on a
         | spindle, you're not going to try to build a five-finger human
         | sized servo-operated hand and tuck two of those fingers away to
         | awkwardly pinch outwards from the inside, you're going to grab
         | a Schunk JGZ concentric gripper off the shelf and plumb a pair
         | of air lines to it. If it also needs to grab a tab from some
         | tape on the spool and pull it into the machine, you're just
         | going to add an asymmetric pincer like an angular tumor on two
         | of the jaws - or graft on an entire separate parallel gripper
         | like some polydactyl appendage, or tool-change, amputating and
         | reattaching hands at will.
         | 
         | I have also observed that humans are quite good at
         | anthropomorphizing robot arms: a small, well-tuned motion can
         | be universally recognized as a nod of agreement, shrug of
         | confusion, wave of acknowledgement, or sigh of disappointment,
         | even if the equipment is a bright yellow 6-axis piece of cast
         | iron with menacing claws where the hand (or face? they're often
         | the same) should be. Googley eyes and a "Hi my name is" sticker
         | make this even more convincing.
         | 
         | But if you need a single tool to grip a doorknob, a rope, a
         | sheet of paper, a pair of scissors, AND an unknown variety of
         | other arbitrary household objects... it's probably best to
         | start with an approximation of the human hand. Also, while
         | claws may be appropriate for a work environment with the robot
         | inside a fence, in collaborative situations hands are just less
         | intimidating.
        
           | ctxc wrote:
           | Good point, well put.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | > For any one specific thing, be it a doorknob, a rope, a
           | sheet of paper or fabric, or a pair of scissors, there's
           | probably a different design that's several orders of
           | magnitude simpler and cheaper, and also much stronger and
           | more reliable.
           | 
           | Also, if you're designing a robot gripper for any one
           | specific thing, it's quite possible that you can tweak the
           | design of that specific thing to make the task easier. As an
           | extreme example, screws and screw drivers evolve in parallel.
        
           | turtledragonfly wrote:
           | As an aside, this "robot tentacle" paper was referenced in a
           | recent HN story: "SpiRobs: Logarithmic Spiral-shaped Robots
           | for Versatile Grasping Across Scales"[1]
           | 
           | Seems like a pretty high bang-for-the-buck for versatility
           | and capability with only a few cables controlling it.
           | 
           | [1] https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.09861
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | Why should _not_ we build robots that mimic us?
        
         | hansvm wrote:
         | Among other things, the ability to pretrain for a task by just
         | copying human motion is pretty powerful.
        
         | espadrine wrote:
         | I agree that there are some robotic designs that unnecessarily
         | mimic human limbs. I have in mind heads, and feet (instead of
         | wheels).
         | 
         | A hand however, is useful because so many manufactured objects
         | have been constructed for their purpose.
        
           | swiftcoder wrote:
           | Feet are used for roughly the same reason a human-like hand
           | is preferable - human-designed spaces tend to not be
           | perfectly compatible with wheeled locomotion.
           | 
           | The ability to negotiate stairs is table stakes for a
           | household robot. It's already a pain when one's Roomba-like
           | is defeated by a small ledge...
        
         | jjk166 wrote:
         | Well we aren't all wearing mecha-claws to improve upon our
         | feeble human design.
        
         | beAbU wrote:
         | The human hand is arguably the best general purpose gripper of
         | human-scale objects. Only took evolution a couple of hundred
         | million years to figure it out.
         | 
         | If you can limit the scope of things to be gripped, e.g. a
         | sheet of paper, a baby chicken or a 100x100mm square steel
         | girder then no doubt there is a better design out there.
        
           | eichin wrote:
           | Not exactly. The human hand is really advanced within the
           | constraint of "you can't just arbitrarily replace damaged
           | parts". If you can swap in replacement fingers, 3 of them is
           | fine (and much easier to model and perform grasping
           | calculations.)
        
         | ygjb wrote:
         | The question you are asking opens up a whole other field of
         | questions. The amount of AI and robotics "in the field" is only
         | going to increase. As that increase comes do we want to
         | continue to build for a human capabilities and limitations, or
         | do we want to build for machine capabilities and limitations.
         | 
         | I think the ethical approach is to build for human capabilities
         | and limitations. We have already seen what happens when we
         | allow business to optimize for the lowest common denominator,
         | and that is why we have regulations that emphasize
         | accessibility. If we allow or encourage businesses to build
         | robots that lack human capabilities and limitations that
         | operate in the real world alongside humans, then even if those
         | robots are assistive in nature (either a prosthetic robot hand,
         | or a full blown humanoid robotic assistant), we will displace
         | or redefine what humans are capable of, and diminish the role
         | of and respect for human beings in our society.
        
       | mandeepj wrote:
       | The bigger or biggest question is - how much weight it can lift?
       | If we assume it can lift half a pound, then what changes it'd
       | require to make it lift 10/20/30 pounds and so on?
        
         | micromacrofoot wrote:
         | hands hold, arms lift -- a hand without an arm isn't going to
         | have much strength
        
           | horsawlarway wrote:
           | Yes, but this is "bring your own arm" so the person above you
           | can easily build the arm out to whatever specs they'd like.
           | 
           | They probably want to know relatively important information
           | like
           | 
           | - Breaking force (how much force will break a finger)
           | 
           | - grip force (How much force can the fingers exert to hold an
           | object once closed)
           | 
           | - holding force (combination of grip force and material
           | properties [ex - friction] that gives you an idea how much
           | force can be applied to prevent slipping)
           | 
           | - closing force (How much force is exerted during closing
           | [similar but distinct from grip/holding])
           | 
           | Or, with a lot less specific detail but still generally
           | useful as a starting point...
           | 
           | - payload capacity (approximately how much can this safely
           | manipulate)
        
       | ortusdux wrote:
       | I wonder if I have time to make one of these and then decorate it
       | to look like Thing for Halloween!
        
       | Brajeshwar wrote:
       | Here is what I'm more keen on, rather than the human-like robots
       | that we are all expecting. For instance, I would like a wall-
       | mounted or floor-standing multi-arm robot that serves as a
       | kitchen assistant. One can add or reduce arms as needed/desired.
       | It is custom-equipped with a fire extinguisher, thermometer, and
       | the usual must-haves for a kitchen. It will hold the cutlery,
       | plates, and other items as needed. It will also advise on the
       | likes of, "No, salts usually go in a pinch, would you like me to
       | add in just about 5 grams?"
       | 
       | Thus, similarly for the garage, the DIY table, etc. Just Arms
       | would be good.
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | Tbh I would rather not have computer-guided knife-flinging arms
         | in my home, be them on wheels or fixed to the wall.
        
           | sroussey wrote:
           | I have a parrot (whose beak is sharp enough, thank you very
           | much) that loves to grab a knife out of the knife block and
           | spin around with it.
           | 
           | I have to put a towel over it though today he pulled the
           | towel off and still grabbed the knife and was holding it up
           | when I turned around.
        
             | seanthemon wrote:
             | It's a well known fact that birds aren't real and you must
             | be a target now.
        
             | 0_____0 wrote:
             | Like a mischievous toddler with wings...
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | I always imagined robot hands hanging and sliding on rails
         | under top kitchen cabinets.
        
         | goopypoop wrote:
         | perhaps sir would prefer... tentacles?
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | It slices, it dices...
         | 
         | Seriously, though. Vassar Robotics (YC company) has an arm kit
         | available for order now. The original ship date for my order
         | just got pushed back due to an upgrade in the camera spec.
         | 
         | It won't be able to hold knives (I don't think) but there are
         | companies working to bring about your hoped-for wall arm right
         | now.
        
       | binsquare wrote:
       | The world is designed with humans in mind, it's great to see
       | robotics evolve in this direction to take advantage of that!
        
         | poly2it wrote:
         | Why was this downvoted?
        
         | baq wrote:
         | Literally the reason for all publicly traded robotics companies
         | going up recently.
        
       | breakpointalpha wrote:
       | What jumps out at me is the $135 bill of materials.
       | 
       | What a time to be alive!
        
         | jjangkke wrote:
         | Most hand related jobs upwards of $100 per 30 min
         | 
         | If this Robot hand can do those jobs we could see some
         | industries take a hit
        
           | delijati wrote:
           | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=6pbgOmaBx34
        
           | 0_____0 wrote:
           | People have been making end effectors using hobby servos for
           | ages. These servomotors are designed for use in an RC
           | aircraft, they're light, cheap, and expendable.
           | 
           | Industrial needs care not about weight, care less about cost,
           | and care a great deal about capability, repeatability, and
           | reliability.
           | 
           | This is a cool project for a hobbyist but it's not meant to
           | be a serious industrial machine.
           | 
           | Edit: what is with this thread? Lots of very generic positive
           | comments here but not much thinking about what this is
           | actually useful for.
        
             | pwndByDeath wrote:
             | Woosh
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | oh....oh no....
        
             | johnmaguire wrote:
             | I think the confusion stems from the fact that you're
             | responding to a joke innuendo thread.
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | They just haven't watched the Big Bang Theory episode
               | with Howard and the robotic hand:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYryogNE8Ys
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | Ooooh. For _that_ application you better have either
               | enough elasticity or reliable force/torque sensors and a
               | good control in place.
        
             | ACCount36 wrote:
             | ...that's how it was in year 2020.
             | 
             | What you're missing is: today, we're nearing the point
             | where actual general purpose robots become viable.
             | 
             | Which means: the purpose of a robot is no longer to sit at
             | a factory line and precisely execute the same exact motions
             | on repeat 24/7. The purpose of the next generation of
             | robots is to learn generalized behaviors, adapt to
             | circumstances, and carry out circumstance-specific actions
             | with active sensor feedback. Which means completely
             | different requirements for effectors.
             | 
             | Which means: repeatability can go get fucked, for one.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | Without repeatability, good luck tuning your robot to do
               | anything reliable.
        
               | ACCount36 wrote:
               | Real world isn't "reliable". If a robot can't correct for
               | errors, it's not going to survive out there.
        
               | stefanka wrote:
               | > ...that's how it was in year 2020
               | 
               | Humanoid robotics research was pretty popular in the
               | early 2000s already, with remarkable, reproducible
               | results not only in videos. It's definitively more
               | present in the media now.
        
             | stronglikedan wrote:
             | > Lots of very generic positive comments here but not much
             | thinking about what this is actually useful for.
             | 
             | How can you say that when the person you are responding to
             | is talking about what this is actually useful for?
        
           | kakapo5672 wrote:
           | It took me a a distressingly long time to understand this
           | comment. I'm kind of concerned, and have vowed to get out
           | more.
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | > upwards of $100 per 30 min
           | 
           | That is why I'm self employed.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | I can't wait for this to be put on a tall roomba base so it can
         | clean my kitchen.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | Feetech is selling actuators which are mechanically R/C type
         | servos, but have a bidirectional computer interface allowing
         | the control computer to find out what's happening at the
         | servo.[1] This isn't new; Dynamixel has been doing it for over
         | a decade. But not at this price point. This Feetech servo is
         | $17, while Dynamixel units start around $70 and go much
         | higher.[2]
         | 
         | The parts list has "need to be strong" for many of the small
         | parts, but they are 3D printed PLA plastic. That's the low end
         | of 3D printing. None of the videos show the hand handling
         | anything.
         | 
         | So this is really the proof of concept model. If there's enough
         | interest, someone could make the parts by injection-molding of
         | something better, such as polycarbonate or glass-filled nylon.
         | The total plastic volume here is so tiny that the plastic cost
         | is negligible, and there's no reason not to use a high-quality
         | engineering plastic.
         | 
         | Nobody seems to do hobbyist injection molding much. TechShop
         | had a desktop injection molding machine, the CNC milling
         | machines to make molds, and even Autodesk Moldflow to design
         | them. But nobody used those tools. A few university maker
         | spaces have similar machines. Because most of the world's
         | plastic stuff is made by injection molding.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.feetechrc.com/
         | 
         | [2] https://www.robotis.us/dynamixel/
         | 
         | [3] https://makerspace.engineering.nyu.edu/machines/pim/
        
           | mionhe wrote:
           | Mold design is still difficult when the parts aren't dead
           | simple. The software I've seen is okay with the simple stuff,
           | but once you get even a little more complex you have to
           | understand simultaneously how to design good parts for
           | molding and how to design good molds, both of which are
           | heavily dependent on the type of plastic you're using and the
           | size of the press you have access to. Not to mention how to
           | machine good molds from metal, which is a challenge all on
           | its own due to surface finish and tolerance requirements (and
           | weird geometry that makes the CAM choke...)
           | 
           | In other words, we're not really there yet to bring that
           | activity into the hobby realm. But I hope that we're not too
           | far away.
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | They're little linkage parts, mostly flat.[1] Some of those
             | holes are bearings. None of those parts are hard to make,
             | but they need to be strong. They could be made by CNC
             | machining, or in quantity by injection molding, or
             | stamping. But tiny working parts in 3D printed PLA will be
             | too flimsy for that hand to do much work.
             | 
             | Totally fixable problem. Then this hand can go to work.
             | 
             | If this thing catches on, someone might sell an upgrade kit
             | with stronger parts. The designer is already considering a
             | servo upgrade.
             | 
             | [1] https://github.com/pollen-
             | robotics/AmazingHand/blob/main/ass...
        
         | mrbonner wrote:
         | You haven't accounted for the 3D printer yet.
        
         | stefanka wrote:
         | It's one of best designs I have seen, I admit. But for that
         | price you cannot get absolute encoders outside the motor,
         | reliable force/torque sensors (think picking up a strawberry),
         | tendons (thread below). It might be too limited for research
         | and real-world projects unfortunately.
        
           | aaronblohowiak wrote:
           | Would adding AnySkin to the finger tips work? ( https://any-
           | skin.github.io ) ?
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | Ignore the fact the hand is as thick as a servo motor, for
           | now, and just consider the palm width.
           | 
           | This 2-finger hand is just below 4 inches wide, across the
           | knuckles. By the standards of gloves for humans, this is
           | already "X-Large"
           | 
           | The SCS0009 servos are 1/2in wide and there are two for each
           | finger. Adding two more servos would make it 5 inches wide,
           | taking it into "XXX-Large" territory.
        
         | proee wrote:
         | Maybe this could be an add-on option for the K-Scale robot that
         | is coming out soon? They want $1k for a 5 finger end effector
         | hand.
         | 
         | https://www.kscale.dev/
        
       | glitchc wrote:
       | This is great, but to make a comparable hand, we also need very
       | sensitive sensors, at minimum pressure and temperature, across
       | the entire surface area.
        
         | falcor84 wrote:
         | Absolutely, though I'd be ok with just pressure as a starter.
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | Anybody knows of similar projects for exoskeleton or support
       | devices?
        
         | lucidrains wrote:
         | https://theopenexo.nau.edu/
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | thanks a lot
        
         | Joel_Mckay wrote:
         | Yes, it is a technology originally intended to make spacesuits
         | less brutal on astronauts hand/wrist/forearm fatigue.
         | 
         | Last I checked, project was shelved in 2020 for various
         | reasons. =3
        
       | schainks wrote:
       | I swear I've seen this before somewhere..
        
       | SequoiaHope wrote:
       | Beautiful design and I love that it's in onshape with an
       | aliexpress BOM. I might build this!
        
       | fitsumbelay wrote:
       | I love that it's cartoon style -- 3 fingers and a thumb instead
       | of four
        
       | FBISurveillance wrote:
       | Great stuff. So 2x$135 and I'll finally get my t-shirts folded
       | for me in the laundry room.
        
       | TheAceOfHearts wrote:
       | Does anyone know what design considerations, if any, might've
       | gone into deciding to have 4 fingers instead of 5? And what
       | tradeoffs that entails?
       | 
       | I actually saw this posted a few days back on Twitter and had
       | been wondering if there was any deeper consideration for the
       | number of fingers. It seems like you save around $10 in parts by
       | getting rid of a finger, based on the information in the BOM.
        
         | p_d_r wrote:
         | It looks like the width of the servos driving each finger makes
         | a certain finger spacing necessary, and I bet five made for an
         | awkwardly wide hand.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | Ignore the fact the hand is as thick as a servo motor, for now,
         | and just consider the palm width.
         | 
         | This 4-finger hand is just below 4 inches wide, across the
         | knuckles. By the standards of gloves for humans, this is
         | already "X-Large"
         | 
         | The SCS0009 servos are 1/2in wide and there are two for each
         | finger. Adding two more servos would make it 5 inches wide,
         | taking it into "XXX-Large" territory.
        
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