[HN Gopher] When is tech not hype? Tulips, toilets, trains and tabs
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       When is tech not hype? Tulips, toilets, trains and tabs
        
       Author : alex-moon
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2025-07-15 11:03 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ajmoon.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ajmoon.com)
        
       | 1270018080 wrote:
       | If Linkedin influencers and consultants aren't changing their
       | bios from X-Expert to Y-Expert, then Y is probably real.
        
       | vouaobrasil wrote:
       | When you can actually see it improving life, for one, rather than
       | just improving efficiency, which doesn't really benefit the
       | individual but only the corporation.
        
         | esafak wrote:
         | Increased efficiency translates to reduced costs.
        
           | vouaobrasil wrote:
           | But often at the expense of something else: the commons,
           | employee satisfaction, or even the joy of having just enough.
           | No, costs are not as important as many other things.
        
           | schmidtleonard wrote:
           | Only in the presence of healthy competition which businesses
           | do everything in their power to avoid.
        
       | Noumenon72 wrote:
       | Is there any rational scheme to how they numbered the toilet
       | components? If they had started with the handle at 1 and
       | proceeded in the order of operation, the diagram would explain
       | the process all by itself.
        
       | nottorp wrote:
       | > What do I do when I first wake up? I grab my phone.
       | 
       | Those supermen... when I first wake up I crawl to the coffee pot.
        
         | doubled112 wrote:
         | Sometimes I really struggle to make coffee pre-coffee.
         | 
         | Forget the grinds and it's kind of weak.
         | 
         | Forget the water and nothing comes out.
         | 
         | Forget to turn it on and nothing happens at all.
         | 
         | Switching to a single serve coffee maker adds new failure
         | methods. Forget the cup and it brews onto the floor.
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | We solved that by using a drip coffee maker with a timer
           | function.
           | 
           | You fill it in the evening while you're still coherent. It
           | starts on its own 10 minutes before the alarm in the morning.
        
           | rozap wrote:
           | Forgetting the portafilter cup and drinking the mess that
           | comes out does wake you up though.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | Relevant satire, "The Hustle":
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_o7qjN3KF8U
        
       | bgwalter wrote:
       | There was no hype at all about the white plastic they put in your
       | teeth instead of gold or amalgam. There was no hype about bullet
       | trains, they just happened.
       | 
       | Hype happens when people don't really need a product and the
       | marketing machine has to compensate. It helps if the product
       | seems like magic for the first month and then becomes obnoxious
       | and boring without marketing.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | Bullet trains had/have lots of hype.
        
         | cperciva wrote:
         | _There was no hype at all about the white plastic they put in
         | your teeth instead of gold or amalgam._
         | 
         | When these came in, I remember my dentist being clearly very
         | excited. There was absolutely hype... we just weren't the
         | target for it.
        
           | azalemeth wrote:
           | The NHS largely prefers amalgam over white fillings for the
           | simple reason that there is consistent but low quality
           | evidence that they last longer (1) and are lower cost. There
           | absolutely is hype in dentistry, and it's very dangerous as
           | most procedures are irreversible.
           | 
           | (1) https://www.nature.com/articles/6401026
        
       | jxntb73 wrote:
       | The author misses the crucial final stretch of tying all that
       | logic concretely into Bitcoin; indispensable through
       | infrastructure and habit. The tulip bubble (Holland 1634-1637)
       | didn't get the fastest-growing ETF in history in year 15.
        
         | sealeck wrote:
         | When was the first ETF released? (Hint: late 1900s).
        
           | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
           | I thought the Dutch East India Company started selling stock
           | in 1602?
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | ETFs are different from company ownership stocks.
        
         | schmidtleonard wrote:
         | World finance is secretly backed by vaults of tulips held at
         | each central bank, but THEY don't want you to know!
        
       | bgwalter wrote:
       | An example of tech that was super hyped _and deservedly popular_
       | _and faded later_ is the Rubik 's Cube.
       | 
       | There was a real rage in the press and in the street after it was
       | released. Now it can still be bought, but most people would
       | consider it uninteresting.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | I'm curious what you mean? It is a good puzzle, but it is hard
         | not to think that hype helped make it more popular? Heck, used
         | to you could go buy a ton of little puzzles to play with.
         | Nowadays, I assume you can still do that, but it isn't exactly
         | easy without going online.
        
           | PokemonNoGo wrote:
           | Honestly think the Rubiks Cube is more hyped than ever.
        
           | bgwalter wrote:
           | It went viral in schools and among adults in the real world.
           | The press hype seemed organic and not dictated by the
           | newspaper owners.
           | 
           | What we see now with "AI" is that the hype is mostly by
           | online shills with some connection to the funding. The
           | traditional press as well as the alternative YouTube press is
           | increasingly negative.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | iPhones comes to mind - except for a small group, most people
         | no longer care. They used to stand in lines for the midnight
         | release.
         | 
         | But the granddaddy for your question would be the Polio vax.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Man, that is really a story. I do remember tabs. They were this
       | revolution in browsing. You could look at two things so easily.
       | "Open in New Tab".
       | 
       | I love to "folks these days" so I shall. Folks these days don't
       | know what a revolution Firefox was. Before that there were no
       | "web standards" or anything. You had IE6 compatible and Netscape
       | compatible and this and that. Linux web browsers would struggle
       | to render pages. They came up with these ACID tests and these
       | standards.
       | 
       | And Firefox was crazy back then. People now would lose their shit
       | over the "lack of consent". People were talking about how they'd
       | install Firefox and give it the IE logo so their parents would
       | use it and everyone would talk up its leanness and this and that.
       | 
       | You couldn't get Netflix on Linux. It needed Silverlight to
       | enforce DRM. These days the web is the platform. The complexity
       | in the runtime and every application runs on Linux. Man, I never
       | could have guessed 20 years ago that this would happen.
       | 
       | For me the fastest I've seen mind-blowing technology go from sci-
       | fi to banal is LLMs. When TalkToTransformer first allowed you to
       | do it there was this completion model that seemed insane. Like
       | magic. Now, everyone I know uses an LLM for all sorts of things.
       | It's so integrated into life. Wild.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | > And Firefox was crazy back then. People now would lose their
         | shit over the "lack of consent". People were talking about how
         | they'd install Firefox and give it the IE logo so their parents
         | would use it and everyone would talk up its leanness and this
         | and that.
         | 
         | I always interpreted those sort of stories as kind of...
         | somebody doing something they consider at least a little
         | duplicitous.
         | 
         | At the time though, there was the concept of a "family
         | computer," which isn't really as much a thing anymore. Also it
         | was assumed (whether or not it was true) that kids knew tech
         | better than their parents, so there could at least be a kind of
         | justification. "I'm modifying the shared resource that I know
         | best in a slightly underhanded way so that my parents will use
         | it better." I dunno. I didn't do that sort of thing but I was
         | an annoyingly conscientious kid.
         | 
         | > You couldn't get Netflix on Linux. It needed Silverlight to
         | enforce DRM. These days the web is the platform. The complexity
         | in the runtime and every application runs on Linux. Man, I
         | never could have guessed 20 years ago that this would happen.
         | 
         | Was 4K Netflix ever finally fixed on Linux? IIRC it was limited
         | to lower resolutions for the longest time.
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | > I always interpreted those sort of stories as kind of...
           | somebody doing something they consider at least a little
           | duplicitous.
           | 
           | Often it's a situation where someone doesn't really know what
           | programs are, they just know that the blue E is the button
           | for Internet. In that case it's not trickery to keep using
           | the blue E on the Internet button, just practical labeling.
        
       | LiquidSky wrote:
       | Hype is the difference between the buzz around something and what
       | it can actually deliver, and lasts as long as those selling the
       | hype can convince people that difference is small or zero.
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | This is an amusing attempt at finding the field of marketing
       | through a first principals analysis of some successful products.
       | 
       | Could have fun by looking at any social spread. Not just of a
       | technology through the society. Fashion similarly spreads.
       | Behavioral patterns spread. Language usage. All of it.
        
         | dawnofdusk wrote:
         | I think the more interesting observation here, although the OP
         | doesn't originally point it out, is that the spread of
         | technology is associated with some sort of utility. Fashion and
         | language seem more subjective: there's not a reason to prefer
         | one over another. But with technology the idea is often that
         | there are better or more productive tools. For example, the
         | steam engine is more productive than the water wheel.
         | 
         | The point of "hype", on the other hand, and the reason to be
         | "hype-optimistic" as the OP is, is that it can result in the
         | spread of technologies that are not necessarily better. In
         | other words, tech hype or marketing will not necessarily spread
         | technologies in a meritocratic way. But actually what many
         | cultural anthropologists know, such as by studying the spread
         | of early human tools, is that there is a wisdom of the crowd
         | effect where large social adoption of suboptimal technology
         | tends to improve that technology unintentionally.
         | 
         | Those who decry "hype" are operating from an engineering
         | background, where good tools are designed from the top down.
         | But "hype" is more like a social force, which can emergently
         | produce better tools from the bottom-up. The latter dynamic is
         | robust yet uncontrollable, but it's definitely a real thing.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | I want to give kudos to the OP for seeing that infrastructure
           | matters. The fanciest syphon system in the world doesn't
           | matter if you don't have a way to get water to and from it.
           | (For the toilette example.)
           | 
           | I'm seeing similar with so many people hyping solar power.
           | People are fawning at how useful today's panels are. And they
           | really are. But, that is largely only true if you have all of
           | the other technology that we have to use the power it can
           | generate. And this cuts in multiple amusing ways. Without
           | electric lights, a lot of the power you'd have at home would
           | be wasted. And, without modern electric lights, far more of
           | it is lost in non-light generation than what we see today.
           | (Lights are particularly interesting to look at. The amount
           | of energy used by lights had such an extreme drop off that it
           | is almost hard to really grapple with.)
           | 
           | Directly to your post, fashion and language may seem more
           | subjective, but I question that. Obviously parts of it are
           | driven less by utility and more from some other factors. But
           | that is almost certainly true for technology, as well. Is why
           | many places hold out from technology for longer than others,
           | as an easy example.
        
       | throw0101c wrote:
       | Two good books that intersect technology, hype, and
       | economics/finance are _Technological Revolutions and Financial
       | Capital_ by Perez (going back to the 1700s):
       | 
       | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_Revolutions_and_...
       | 
       | And _The Rise and Fall of American Growth_ by Gordon:
       | 
       | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_American_...
       | 
       | Most actually innovation (in the US?) occurred from about
       | 1920-1950,+ with mainstream acceptance from 1950-1980, with very
       | little newness (leading to economic/productivity growth)
       | occurring post 1980s: the main exception of course being
       | computers and the Internet, but that seems to have maxed out in
       | the '00s.
       | 
       | + The (first?) Industrial Revolution is discussed, as well as
       | early scientific discoveries that led to later engineering
       | development that turned into usable products.
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | How is "innovation rate" actually being measured?
         | 
         | It's hard for me to imagine a KPIs that hasn't been affected by
         | mainstream internet and mobile smartphone adoption, which
         | happened the last 15-20 years.
        
           | thatcat wrote:
           | Think about it this way, if we still had a world's fair -
           | what would even be on display? Improving some metrics isnt
           | necessarily innovation
        
             | econ wrote:
             | I've talked a lot with all kinds of people about new
             | inventions and things people /we could do if we put our
             | back under it.
             | 
             | The responses are very cultural and nothing like what would
             | be required to accomplish anything large.
             | 
             | To give an example. We could make tubes with hot and/or
             | cold water running from Siberia to the Sahara. There are
             | plenty of design challenges in such project. The correct
             | mindset is to take a broad outline calculating ROI so that
             | you have an idea how much the state of the art needs to
             | improve for it to be viable. Then you take the largest
             | expenses or technical hurdles and ponder what could be done
             | to ease the pain point. You can ponder the diameter vs the
             | temperature vs the flow rate or pressure, the distance
             | between the pumps etc etc, not to build anything but to
             | train the brain noodle.
             | 
             | If it wasn't a stupid idea people would be doing it
             | already.
             | 
             | Many countries, if not all, had a period where great things
             | were done. After that comes defeatism nihilism and a
             | preference for talking about tarifs, Epstein, 911, etc
             | 
             | With tiny improvements everything shifts around. The steam
             | engine had many challenges that have been solved long ago.
             | Imagine that the 100 mph carburator didn't happen because
             | you lose much of the throttle control. How silly this
             | excuse is in the age of hybrids? It's pretty much a non-
             | argument.
        
             | athenot wrote:
             | We still have world fairs, the current one is in Japan. A
             | friend of mine just came back from seeing it and it's
             | apparently quite impressive.
             | 
             | https://www.expo2025.or.jp/en/overview/purpose/
        
               | throw0101d wrote:
               | Will what was on display:
               | 
               | * reduce infant or child mortality?
               | 
               | * reduce maternal mortality?
               | 
               | * increase average life spans (by, say, double-digit
               | percentages)?
               | 
               | * increase health or quality of life such that people at
               | the end of their lives are more mobile, and perhaps have
               | less onerous medical conditions?
               | 
               | * produce more food in the same amount of land?
               | 
               | * produce more food with fewer inputs (energy, labour,
               | fertilizer, water)?
               | 
               | * produce more manufactured things with fewer inputs
               | (energy, labour, metals)?
               | 
               | * allow for faster transportation with more efficiency?
               | 
               | It's all very well to invent something, but in what ways
               | does it improve people's lives:
               | 
               | > _Fortunately Gordon indicates that it is not an end to
               | innovation, but a decline in the usefulness of future
               | inventions that is taking place. Documenting the
               | impressive rise in standards of living between 1920 and
               | 1970, with rising TFP, he claimed that it will be more
               | difficult than before to replicate such improvements in
               | advanced countries like the United States. In the earlier
               | period, the American standard of living doubled every 35
               | years; in the future this doubling (for most people) may
               | take a century or more. Moreover, the newer innovations
               | do not seem to be benefitting all segments of society,
               | which in turn reflects rising inequality in the advanced
               | countries._
               | 
               | > _Gordon's thesis raises many questions: Is he correct
               | in saying that the era of rising labor productivity
               | associated with innovation and technological change over?
               | Will the digital economy imply a new rise in the standard
               | of living? From a development perspective, what
               | implications does his thesis have for middle- and low-
               | income countries?_
               | 
               | *
               | https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/developmenttalk/declining-
               | pac...
        
           | throw0101d wrote:
           | > _It's hard for me to imagine a KPIs that hasn't been
           | affected by mainstream internet and mobile smartphone
           | adoption, which happened the last 15-20 years._
           | 
           | The Internet got going in the 1990s, and everyone in the US
           | was basically connected by (say) 2010. Can you be "more
           | connected" that already having your business or home being
           | online 24/7 (i.e., DSL or cable, not dial-up modem)? Certain
           | transfer speeds have gone up, and going from a V.92 56kbps to
           | DSL is improves things, but how much productive is going from
           | 10 Mbps to 50Mbps: do you get a 5x rise in economic
           | productivity?
           | 
           | Can you point to a FRED chart or cite a DOI that shows that
           | GDP is better in societies pre- and post-smartphone?
           | 
           | If all KPIs have been affected, then it should be easy to
           | post a graph and see where there is an inflection point or
           | change in the slope.
           | 
           | If you find it so hard to believe, shouldn't it be easy for
           | you to cite the data showing so?
        
             | paulryanrogers wrote:
             | > ...how much productive is going from 10 Mbps to 50Mbps:
             | do you get a 5x rise in economic productivity
             | 
             | Diminishing returns has kicked in for me. But hard to rule
             | out any future bursts until the baseline raises. Perhaps
             | lower latency could make things like VR and AR more
             | appealing and useful.
        
         | scroot wrote:
         | To add: one of the main arguments in Gordon's tome is that many
         | if the most impactful innovations dealt with "networking the
         | house" (gas, electricity, plumbing, and communications) and
         | could _only happen once_. It's actually kind of sobering to
         | read.
        
       | hiccuphippo wrote:
       | I started disabling tabs in my editors and only using the quick
       | open menus, and got back a lot of time wasted managing tabs. Saw
       | it in a presentation from someone at Jetbrains long ago and tried
       | it with some skepticism at first but I am a convert now.
        
       | necovek wrote:
       | I was expecting the story to go: look at the toilet flush
       | mechanism, such a simple gravity/float device with such a
       | wondrous utility -- arguably, one can make it themselves with not
       | much experience or tooling (it might not work as well, and might
       | leak a bit, but it really is simple IMO).
        
       | cjensen wrote:
       | Conflating "hype" with the "business cycle" is not a good choice.
       | The content is interesting reading once you move past that.
       | 
       | The business cycle would likely exist in the absence of emotional
       | choices. Part of it is that businesses that are near-failure tend
       | to fail when the economy declines, which causes additional
       | decline. This means that near-failure tends to build up during
       | good times and then fail en masse during a decline.
        
       | grishka wrote:
       | There are technologies that actually solve genuine problems or
       | meaningfully improve people's lives, and then there are
       | technologies that are immensely overhyped solutions desperately
       | looking for problems. We're having too much of the latter kind
       | lately.
        
       | aaroninsf wrote:
       | Hype is foremost a word embedded in a framework of specific
       | values and a specific concept cluster. It's a pejorative used by
       | a variety of factions: those who share the values, and concepts,
       | but are in some fashion competitors or allied with competitors,
       | etc.; or, those who have a different set of values.
       | 
       | Most human behavior, especially commercial and economic, is a
       | function of one's own received beliefs--and one's observations
       | about and participation in the beliefs of others.
       | 
       | Whether a given assertion is factual is secondary to whether it
       | alters belief.
       | 
       | Though I suppose even "belief" is too strong a word. Let's say
       | "behavior."
       | 
       | One need to not believe the hype, to seek to extract value from a
       | market.
       | 
       | The question I'd look it is, how are beliefs and behavior shaped
       | by various assertions, and how well do those assertions
       | correspond to various observations and predictions about the
       | nature of reality--including collective behaviors.
       | 
       | The funny thing about ponzy schemes and hysterical markets is
       | that the usual account about how they form and how they collapse,
       | hand waves around the core of the whole question: the source of
       | value.
       | 
       | A good socialist materialist might attempt to link value to
       | utility amid other prosaic and pragmatic qualities,
       | 
       | but our nature as a social species--one motivated in increasing
       | part as we shuffle down the hierarchy of needs by intangibles
       | such as status and its signaling--means that even the concept of
       | utility is just another contentious ambiguity.
        
         | aaroninsf wrote:
         | A somewhat cynical but not that I can see incorrect inference
         | from this might be that the critical thing to look at in any
         | market is primarily, to what degree is it a matter of
         | "fashion"; and what are the contributions of current and
         | anticipated social capital concentrations on whether something
         | stays in fashion.
         | 
         | Nearby is the concept of novelty: fashion in the clothes sense
         | obviously chases a convoluted but ultimately cyclical path
         | through relatively limited spaces.
         | 
         | Many of us who have been on HN or in the industry prior to its
         | inception have seen the pendulum swing in technology fashions
         | as well--a regular example being the architectural decisions
         | made in front-end frameworks.
         | 
         | The fiction of classical philosophy of science was that it was
         | additive, and that information was well preserved over time,
         | and hence the entire process of scientific progress one of,
         | well, progress.
         | 
         | The equivalent fiction here might be that there is some obvious
         | way in which the over-hyped and the real, usually, are
         | determined not by intrinsic merit but rather through the tidal
         | swinging of fashion.
         | 
         | Usually. Every once in a while actual progress is made, thank
         | god.
         | 
         | ML and AI are obviously one of those cases.
         | 
         | The noise of the industry churn and frenzy don't obscure that
         | much, at all.
        
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