[HN Gopher] At Least 13 People Died by Suicide Amid U.K. Post Of...
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       At Least 13 People Died by Suicide Amid U.K. Post Office Scandal,
       Report Says
        
       Author : xbryanx
       Score  : 519 points
       Date   : 2025-07-11 11:56 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Some context:
       | 
       | "How a software glitch at the UK Post Office ruined lives" - 2024
       | | 331 comments - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39010070
       | 
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
       | 
       | https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
        
       | bmacho wrote:
       | https://archive.md/oldest/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/10...
        
       | ignoramous wrote:
       | Another post office operator, Seema Misra, was pregnant when she
       | was sent to prison. She said in testimony that the local
       | newspaper had published a photo of her and labeled her the
       | "pregnant thief." While she was in prison, her husband was beaten
       | up and subjected to racist insults, she testified.
       | 
       | The tidal wave of fascist & far-right grievances are so hard to
       | contain and fight against in the moment. Multi-cultural societies
       | everywhere are never getting rid of it, are they?
        
         | bravesoul2 wrote:
         | At the moment yes but always has been in the UK.
        
         | Nasrudith wrote:
         | Blaming the grievances on multiculturalism is yet another lie
         | on the never-ending pile of lies that is fascism. If everyone
         | was a literal clone from the same insular culture, fascism will
         | invent new distinctions to create outgroups to oppress.
        
           | tumsfestival wrote:
           | After race it's religion, when it's not religion it's
           | politics, when it's not politics it's social class... It's
           | stuff like this that makes me wonder if we will ever achieve
           | anything like the Star Trek future where we just get past
           | racism and bigotry. I have a feeling bigotry will be our
           | great filter as a species.
        
       | nextos wrote:
       | I have followed this scandal quite closely over the years, and
       | these two quotations sum it up. Pretty sad:
       | 
       |  _" The report alleges that even before the program was rolled
       | out in 1999, some Fujitsu employees knew that Horizon could
       | produce false data."_
       | 
       |  _" As the years went by the complaints grew louder and more
       | persistent [...] Still the Post Office trenchantly resisted the
       | contention that on occasions Horizon produced false data."_
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | the employee knew something going to fuck up but higher up
         | maybe don't want to deal with clean up and proceed to release
         | it asap
         | 
         | hmm sounds like silicon valley work ethics
        
         | nlitened wrote:
         | It would not surprise me if some developers at that time
         | reported to journalists that they had a bug in their code,
         | they'd go to jail for fabricating evidence, cybercrime,
         | stealing of trade secrets, breaking an NDA, or something like
         | that.
        
           | hungmung wrote:
           | Why not all of the above?
        
       | mike_hearn wrote:
       | To the NY Times: please don't say they died by suicide. The
       | passive voice makes it sound like some act of God, something
       | regrettable but unavoidable that just somehow happened. It's
       | important not to sugarcoat what happened: the postmasters killed
       | themselves because the British state was imprisoning them for
       | crimes they didn't commit, based on evidence from a buggy
       | financial accounting system. Don't blur the details of what
       | happened by making it sound like a natural disaster.
       | 
       | Horizon is the case that should replace Therac-25 as a study in
       | what can go wrong if software developers screw up. Therac-25
       | injured/killed six people, Horizon has ruined hundreds of lives
       | and ended dozens. And the horrifying thing is, Horizon wasn't
       | something anyone would have previously identified as safety-
       | critical software. It was just an ordinary point-of-sale and
       | accounting system. The suicides weren't directly caused by the
       | software, but from an out of control justice and social system in
       | which people blindly believed in public institutions that were
       | actually engaged in a massive deep state cover-up.
       | 
       | It is reasonable to blame the suicides on the legal and political
       | system that allowed the Post Office to act in that way, and which
       | put such low quality people in charge. Perhaps also on the
       | software engineer who testified repeatedly under oath that the
       | system worked fine, even as the bug tracker filled up with cases
       | where it didn't. But this is HN, so from a software engineering
       | perspective what can be learned?
       | 
       | Some glitches were of their time and wouldn't occur these days,
       | e.g. malfunctions in resistive touch screens that caused random
       | clicks on POS screens to occur overnight. But most were bugs due
       | to loss of transactionality or lack of proper auditing controls.
       | Think message replays lacking proper idempotency, things like
       | that. Transactions were logged that never really occurred, and
       | when the cash was counted some appeared to be missing, so the
       | Post Office accused the postmasters of stealing from the
       | business. They hadn't done so, but this took place over decades,
       | and decades ago people had more faith in institutions than they
       | do now. And these post offices were often in small villages where
       | the post office was the center of the community, so the false
       | allegations against postmasters were devastating to their social
       | and business lives.
       | 
       | Put simply - check your transactions! And make sure developers
       | can't rewrite databases in prod.
        
         | SirFatty wrote:
         | "The passive voice makes it sound like some act of God,
         | something regrettable but unavoidable that just somehow
         | happened. "
         | 
         | That's a really odd take.
        
           | RandomBacon wrote:
           | > odd take
           | 
           | It's not odd when the sentiment is widespread, for example,
           | look at the other comments in this thread that talk about it.
        
             | SirFatty wrote:
             | Oh, well if everyone else is parroting it, then it must be
             | correct.
        
               | reliabilityguy wrote:
               | I hope you see the irony of " everyone else is parroting
               | it, then it must be correct".
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | You should probably just state what your opinion on it
               | is, instead of bouncing between different complaints.
        
           | squigz wrote:
           | It's not that odd - it's simply pointing out that phrasing
           | can and does play a rather large role in how we internalize
           | and react to news.
        
           | thoroughburro wrote:
           | It was an extremely common criticism of the passive voice.
           | Yours is the weird take.
        
           | CivBase wrote:
           | For what it's worth, I agree. It never crossed my mind that
           | the phrasing could lead anyone to believe the suicides were
           | "unavoidable" or an "act of God", especially when the title
           | clearly ties the suicides to a causation.
           | 
           | The phrasing could be made more accusatory, but I don't think
           | that's inherently better.
        
         | ellisv wrote:
         | I don't think the NY Times reads HN comments.
        
         | cedws wrote:
         | >if software developers screw up
         | 
         | Well, yes, they did screw up, but the fallout was amplified
         | 100x by bad management.
        
           | mrkramer wrote:
           | "The Horizon IT system contained "hundreds" of bugs[0]."
           | 
           | If your accounting software has hundreds of bugs then you are
           | really in the deep shit.
           | 
           | [0]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Post_Office_scandal#
           | :~...
        
             | PUSH_AX wrote:
             | Well not really, no one should be committing suicide due to
             | a buggy system. If you know the details of the case it was
             | widespread but the post office decided to gaslight everyone
             | and put people in debt and prison. That's what caused this,
             | the bugs were just a catalyst for shitty humans to do
             | shitty things
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | Yea management failed but wouldn't the most logical thing
               | be to call in computer forensics experts and quality test
               | the software, reverse engineering it and try to catch the
               | bugs. This wasn't the classic case of financial fraud,
               | this was all about faulty software.
        
               | voxic11 wrote:
               | The Post Office management knew about the bugs but didn't
               | want to take the blame for the accounting issues they
               | caused (since it was management that purchased and
               | approved the software some blame would have fallen on
               | them).
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | Fujitsu was all to blame, after all they created and
               | maintained the software. It just blows my mind why would
               | courts pursue the individuals and not the creator of the
               | software, when they realized that this mess was
               | widespread and not isolated.
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | because UK law says (said?) the computer can't be wrong
               | 
               | and the post office management had no interest in proving
               | otherwise
               | 
               | they should be going after the management
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | UK law said that there was a presumption that computer
               | systems were working correctly unless there was evidence
               | to the contrary. That's not inherently nuts. It makes
               | roughly as much sense as assuming that, say, a dishwasher
               | is in working order unless there's evidence to the
               | contrary. This presumption in and of itself could just as
               | well aid a person's defense as hinder it (e.g. if they
               | have an alibi based on computer records).
               | 
               | In this case it should have been very easy to provide
               | evidence to override the presumption that the Horizon
               | system was working correctly. That this didn't happen
               | seems to have resulted from a combination of bad
               | lawyering and shameless mendacity on the part of Fujitsu
               | and the Post Office.
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong -- the whole thing is a giant scandal.
               | I'm just not sure if this particular presumption of UK
               | law is the appropriate scapegoat.
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | >UK law said that there was a presumption that computer
               | systems were working correctly unless there was evidence
               | to the contrary.
               | 
               | Defense had to prove that only one Horizon/Fujitsu
               | accounting software was buggy and the whole prosecution
               | falls apart e.g. If John's Horizon/Fujitsu accounting
               | software has bugs then Peter's Horizon/Fujitsu accounting
               | software most probably has bugs too.
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | In principle, yes. It may be that the bar was set too
               | high and that there needs to be some clarification of
               | exactly what the presumption means.
               | 
               | I'd argue that some kind of weak presumption along these
               | lines clearly makes sense and is probably universal
               | across legal systems. For example, suppose the police
               | find that X has an incriminating email from Y after
               | searching X's laptop. Are they required to prove that
               | GMail doesn't have a bug causing it to corrupt email
               | contents or send emails to the wrong recipients?
               | Presumably not.
        
               | mike_hearn wrote:
               | IIRC one issue was that every time someone advanced the
               | theory something was wrong with Horizon, the Post Office
               | kept claiming that nobody else was experiencing any
               | issues. They also lied under oath, claiming no bugs that
               | could cause such situations were known. Given this most
               | the of defence lawyers abandoned that line of inquiry
               | (they were nothing special, seeing as village postmasters
               | aren't rich).
        
               | buzer wrote:
               | Proving bugs can be pretty hard if you don't have access
               | to software & source code. That is similar to the US,
               | courts usually won't give you access to source code to
               | verify if software is operating correctly, you generally
               | only get cross examine the company representative &
               | person who performed the test. DNA tests are one good
               | example.
               | 
               | One case where defense did get access to the code (FST
               | developed by NYC) led to discoveries
               | (https://www.propublica.org/article/federal-judge-
               | unseals-new...) that led to it being retired from use.
        
               | noisy_boy wrote:
               | > Yea management failed but wouldn't the most logical
               | thing be to call in computer forensics experts
               | 
               | Yea and who is responsible for engaging them?
        
               | mrkramer wrote:
               | I meant courts should've called in multiple expert
               | witnesses and even computer forensics companies. This
               | case looks like government or in this case courts
               | colluded with British Post Office.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | > I meant courts should've called in multiple expert
               | witnesses and even computer forensics companies.
               | 
               | UK courts don't (can't) do that, that's up to the
               | plaintiffs or defendants.
        
             | voxic11 wrote:
             | But it was the decision to gaslight and charge the
             | postmasters with crimes that caused the suicides, not the
             | bugs in the code. If they had just admitted that the
             | accounting issues were due to bugs in the system then I
             | really doubt anyone would have committed suicide.
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | So long as the jury understands this, it's all fine.
             | 
             | If you're on trial for doing X and your jury is told by a
             | prosecution witness "mrkramer did X" and under cross they
             | admit that's based on computer records which are often
             | bogus, inconsistent, total nonsense, it doesn't take the
             | world's best defence lawyer to secure an "innocent"
             | verdict. That's not a _fun_ experience, but it probably won
             | 't drive you to suicide.
             | 
             | One of the many interlocking failures here is that the Post
             | Office, historically a government function, was allowed to
             | _prosecute people_.
             | 
             | Suppose I work not for the Post Office (by this point a
             | private company which is just owned in full by the
             | government) but for say, an Asda, next door. I'm the most
             | senior member of staff on weekends, so I have keys, I
             | accept deliveries, all that stuff. Asda's crap computer
             | system says I accepted PS25000 of Amazon Gift Cards which
             | it says came on a truck from the depot on Saturday. I never
             | saw them, I deny it, there are no Gift Cards in stock at
             | our store.
             | 
             |  _Asda_ can 't prosecute me. They could try to sue, but
             | more likely they'd call the police. If the police think I
             | stole these Amazon cards, they give the file to a Crown
             | Prosecutor, who works for the government to prosecute
             | criminals. They don't work for Asda and they're looking at
             | a bunch of "tests" which decide whether it makes sense to
             | prosecute people.
             | 
             | https://www.cps.gov.uk/about-cps/how-we-make-our-decisions
             | 
             | But because the Sub-postmasters worked under contract to
             | the Post Office, it could and did in many cases just
             | prosecute them, it was empowered to do that. That's an
             | obvious mistake, in many of these cases if you show a
             | copper, let alone a CPS lawyer your laughable "case" that
             | although this buggy garbage is often wrong you think
             | there's signs of theft, they'll tell you that you can't
             | imprison people on this basis, piss off.
             | 
             | A worse failure is that Post Office people were allowed to
             | _lie_ to a court about how reliable this information was,
             | and indeed they repeatedly lied in later cases where it 's
             | directly about the earlier lying. That's the point where it
             | undoubtedly goes from "Why were supposedly incompetent
             | morons given this important job?" where maybe they're
             | morons or maybe they're liars, to "Lying to a court is
             | wrong, send them to jail".
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | > If you're on trial for doing X and your jury is told by
               | a prosecution witness "mrkramer did X" and under cross
               | they admit that's based on computer records which are
               | often bogus, inconsistent, total nonsense, it doesn't
               | take the world's best defence lawyer to secure an
               | "innocent" verdict. That's not a fun experience, but it
               | probably won't drive you to suicide.
               | 
               | I imagine digital records are involved in nearly every
               | trial at this point. Good luck getting this point
               | admitted by the justice system.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | There are plenty of examples, Light Blue Touchpaper talks
               | about this a bunch. You do have a problem that courts
               | will believe technicians very broadly unless somebody
               | competent is cross-examining to highlight where the
               | limits of their evidence are. So your defence will need
               | to hire such an expert and your legal team need to get
               | the judge to understand why everybody is going to listen
               | to nerd stuff for however long when they thought this was
               | a case about, say, theft.
        
               | cameronh90 wrote:
               | > Asda can't prosecute me.
               | 
               | They can, actually. Anyone in the UK can launch a private
               | prosecution. It's rare because it's expensive and the CPS
               | can (and often do) take over any private prosecution then
               | drop it.
               | 
               | Nevertheless, the power exists and has been intentionally
               | protected by parliament. I think most would agree it
               | needs reform, however.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | This is Technically Correct, which is, I admit, the Best
               | Kind of Correct, but in practical terms it won't happen.
               | 
               | [Edited: Got the Futurama quote wrong, fixed that]
        
               | carstout wrote:
               | Unfortunately the "its rare" isnt true. it is more common
               | now than it was back in the horizon days. It also isnt
               | necessarily expensive since you can apply for costs with
               | the default being for it to be paid (unless good reason
               | not to). As such whilst its not an option for the average
               | person who cant afford the upfront cost it is very
               | practical for large businesses especially if they engage
               | in it often and hence can stand up a department for it.
               | 
               | Its one of the offerings from TM-Eye aka one of the
               | "private police forces". https://tm-eye.co.uk/what-we-
               | do/private-prosecutions/
               | 
               | It is an actual example of a two tier justice system
               | since those who can afford the private prosecution skip
               | the queue for the public system but will still normally
               | have the taxpayer pay for it.
               | 
               | There is currently a consultation underway as per below
               | article which, incidentally, mentions a more recent
               | dubious example of private prosecutions which got slapped
               | down.
               | 
               | https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/oversight-
               | and-re...
        
               | DaveLond wrote:
               | It's worse than that - in UK law you cannot question the
               | evidence produced by a computer unless you can prove the
               | computer is not operating correctly - it's an inversion
               | of the normal burden of proof.
               | 
               | They've started the process of thinking about if that law
               | makes sense given this case:
               | https://www.gov.uk/government/calls-for-evidence/use-of-
               | evid...
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | It's only an inversion of the usual burden of proof if
               | you assume that evidence from a computer can only ever be
               | used to aid the prosecution. It can also be used to aid
               | the defense, in which case this presumption makes it
               | harder to convict someone, not easier.
        
               | petercooper wrote:
               | A juror can, and should IMHO, however consider that
               | evidence based entirely upon computer records may
               | potentially be erroneous and therefore unable to secure
               | proof 'beyond a reasonable doubt'. If I were a juror, I'd
               | default to non-guilty if a case were based entirely upon
               | the results of an algorithm or computerised records
               | because they introduce doubt.
        
             | ptero wrote:
             | Every system has bugs, even deployed, high visibility
             | accounting systems. Debian stable, which I personally view
             | as the gold standard for a robust general purpose OS, has
             | hundreds of bugs.
             | 
             | That is not to say that bugs are good. They are bad and
             | should be squashed. But the Horizon failure, IMO, is with
             | the _management_ , that pretended that the system was bug
             | free and, faced with the evidence to the contrary, put the
             | blame on postmasters. My 2c.
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | I'd be shocked if any piece of software large enough to
             | qualify as an "accounting system" didn't contain at least
             | hundreds of bugs. We're just not that good at building
             | software. Especially if you consider that the system
             | encompasses all of the dependencies, so you should count
             | bugs in the OS, CPU, any relevant firmware, etc.
        
             | mr_toad wrote:
             | If any large system wasn't constantly logging errors I'd
             | immediately assume there was something wrong with the error
             | logging system. Only trivial software is bug free.
        
           | drweevil wrote:
           | Indeed. This is not about Horizon's bugs. It is about
           | management that was incurious and perhaps politically and
           | financially motivated to ignore Horizon's shortcomings,
           | enough so to knowingly destroy lives. Charges of murder
           | should be laid.
        
           | aenis wrote:
           | But we hold engineers to much higher ethical standards than
           | management. One does not expect management to blow the
           | whistle - or even understand whats what when dealing with
           | complex issues in distributed systems. If the engineers start
           | lying - its game over.
           | 
           | I cried when I was reading the book. So much suffering.
           | Bought a copy for all the it architects in my company and
           | asked all of them to read it. Should be part of curriculum
           | for aspiring software engineers.
        
         | xbryanx wrote:
         | > please don't say they died by suicide
         | 
         | I encourage you to read the current thinking on this evolving
         | language, which offers some explanation as to why we're moving
         | away from damaging language like "committing" suicide.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide_terminology#%22Committ...
         | https://www.iasp.info/languageguidelines/
        
           | lou1306 wrote:
           | I think they are saying that the current title ("people died
           | ... amid scandal") muddies the water when it comes to the
           | causal relation, arguably "people were led to suicide by
           | baseless accusations" _might_ be a more faithful descriptor
           | of who's at fault here, but I understand journalists don't
           | want to risk being sued (and neither do I, hence my use of
           | _might_)
        
           | vanderZwan wrote:
           | I suspect the point was that they were _driven_ to suicide.
           | As in pushed into a corner by external, human forces.
        
           | lanfeust6 wrote:
           | "damaging", in no quantifiable way whatsoever. It's just the
           | euphemism treadmill at work, nothing more.
        
             | tweetle_beetle wrote:
             | I would say it's not the treadmill at work in this case.
             | It's not simply a replacement.
             | 
             | The article linked by the parent comment explains it well
             | and references plenty of considered material. But the tldr
             | is that committing suicide aligns with an active
             | criminal/immoral act, while dying by suicide is a factual
             | cause of death with many possible causes.
             | 
             | Consider how people would like your death, or the death of
             | a loved one, described by others. And if you can't, maybe
             | consider how others might be affected.
        
               | lanfeust6 wrote:
               | > But the tldr is that committing suicide aligns with an
               | active criminal/immoral act, while dying by suicide is a
               | factual cause of death with many possible causes.
               | 
               | The projections are doing the work here. Colloquially
               | today what's understood is that "commit" merely means
               | they did the deed. People can judge that to be immoral or
               | not regardless; most people don't, except through the
               | lens of religion.
               | 
               | They might judge it to be the wrong choice, as I surely
               | do, and I don't think it helps to diminish agency as
               | though suicide is an inevitability following any given
               | circumstance.
        
             | xbryanx wrote:
             | > in no quantifiable way whatsoever
             | 
             | You may disagree with my assertion, but there has been
             | considerable research into the role of media and reporting
             | in suicide, indicating that contagion is real and that
             | words matter when reporting on these issues.
             | 
             | Source: https://reportingonsuicide.org/research/
        
               | lanfeust6 wrote:
               | That words matter is why I'm in opposition, as this
               | diminishes agency in people.
               | 
               | Today I would say that framing suicide as "immoral" in
               | secular society is banal and has no traction, but most,
               | excepting certain circumstances, would suggest it is a
               | bad choice. That surely follows if you as well as I would
               | try to talk an able person out of suicide.
               | 
               | I don't think it helps to diminish agency as though
               | suicide is an inevitability following tough
               | circumstances. That's the message I am getting from the
               | euphemism treadmill game, and I reject it.
               | 
               | The message should be that you can go through hell and
               | recover, and you still have a choice. And granted there's
               | always nature vs nurture; just as we are not entirely the
               | product of our environment, the environment does shape
               | us. But it's not all-or-nothing.
        
               | Hercuros wrote:
               | The person you are replying to shared some research by
               | experts on the topic giving recommendations. You can
               | argue for or against anything, but it's useful to at
               | least engage with the evidence being presented.
        
           | dogleash wrote:
           | edit: lol wut? The more I think about this the less it makes
           | sense. The stigma of suicide is from the societal attitude
           | that it's wrong and you should never do it. Using a verb
           | isn't the bit that tells everyone it is wrong. If you want to
           | remove the _stigma_ take away all the signs for 998 and
           | perfunctory statements that help is available, and replace
           | them all with  "do it. no balls, do it."
           | 
           | Isn't the stigma desired anyway? It keeps people from going
           | through with it. That's why society deliberately creates and
           | actively cultivates the stigma.
           | 
           | I doubt removing "committed" removes any stigma to seek help.
           | What sucks about suicidality is that everyone is so sterile
           | about it. Removing the word is more of that. IMO the
           | sterility discourages the not-yet-at-rock-bottom suicidal
           | from reaching out.
           | 
           | My pre-edit comment was that just about sterility and linking
           | to: "Envying the dead: SkyKing in memoriam"
           | https://eggreport.substack.com/p/rehosting-envying-the-
           | dead-...
        
             | Hercuros wrote:
             | > Isn't the stigma desired anyway? It keeps people from
             | going through with it. That's why society deliberately
             | creates and actively cultivates the stigma.
             | 
             | That's a very optimistic take on how "rational" society
             | tends to be. The thought that "if things are in a certain
             | way in society, then it must make sense (from a moral or
             | societal point of view) for them to be that way."
        
         | johnorourke wrote:
         | "died by suicide" is just a modern replacement for "committed
         | suicide", because that phrase dates back to when it was a
         | crime, so it's regarded as making the victim look bad.
        
           | tjwebbnorfolk wrote:
           | I say this as someone whose father killed himself when I was
           | in 5th grade:
           | 
           | The "victims" who suffer after a suicide are the living, not
           | the dead. These kinds of "modernizations" are transparent PC
           | nonsense made up by well-intentioned do-gooders who have no
           | idea how to represent the interests of other people who have
           | a lived experience that they don't understand.
           | 
           | The person is dead either way. There's literally no way to
           | sugarcoat this fact. We'd rather you just speak in plain,
           | honest language than trying to make it sound less bad
           | somehow.
        
             | stirfish wrote:
             | That's a really hard thing to go through. I'm sorry you had
             | to bear that as a fifth grader.
             | 
             | It's possible that both you and your dad are victims in
             | different ways.
        
             | CrazyStat wrote:
             | What makes "committed suicide" any more plain or honest
             | than "died by suicide"?
        
               | tjwebbnorfolk wrote:
               | I don't have a big issue with that particular phrase
               | itself. Although the passive voice is designed to conceal
               | or obscure the actor, which doesn't accomplish anything
               | here. Attributing a suicide to anyone other than the
               | actor starts to appear oxymoronic very quickly. Yes life
               | is complex and whatnot -- that's a given, we don't need a
               | reminder every time anything happens.
               | 
               | But really it's the transparent and ham-handed attempts
               | by some others to smooth over the sharp edges of reality
               | merely by re-phrasing how things are written.
               | 
               | People generally don't want pity, but these re-phrasings
               | accomplish nothing other than to make clear that one
               | person feels sorry for another.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | > Although the passive voice is designed to conceal or
               | obscure the actor, which doesn't accomplish anything
               | here.
               | 
               | No, passive voice is not in general designed to conceal
               | or obscure the actor. Especially not in the sentence
               | here.
               | 
               | There were valid similar complains about crime reporting.
               | But the language there was different. The sentence "The
               | innocent McKay family was inadvertently affected by this
               | enforcement operation" is trying to hide culpability. We
               | can discuss that. These two are incomparable:
               | 
               | - A deputy-involved shooting occurred. (Ok, we are
               | avoiding the actor. We do not know who was shooting.)
               | 
               | - A person died by Suicide. (Clear to anyone who done
               | what.)
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | > _Attributing a suicide to anyone other than the actor
               | starts to appear oxymoronic very quickly._
               | 
               | No one is an island. We're all deeply
               | intertwined/interconnected. We're the sum total of our
               | lived experiences and without a doubt some have lived far
               | more challenging lives than others and are influenced by
               | factors that would lead just about anyone down a dark
               | path.
               | 
               | The grief felt by those left behind is the result of that
               | aforementioned interconnectedness.
               | 
               | Getting back to the quoted bit, isn't this a bit like
               | saying "attributing grief to anyone other than the person
               | experiencing it is oxymoronic"?
               | 
               | My point is not to diminish the impact on those left
               | behind in any way. Clearly this is a traumatic event that
               | causes excruciating grief.
               | 
               | But I think we also need to be honest about the
               | environmental factors that lead to suicide. Hopelessness
               | is one of the large causes. If there are systemic reasons
               | causing people to feel hopeless, and if those systemic
               | problems could theoretically be changed/improved, and
               | such improvement lowered the suicide rate, there's a
               | strong case to be made that the systemic factors share
               | the responsibility.
               | 
               | > _Yes life is complex and whatnot -- that 's a given, we
               | don't need a reminder every time anything happens._
               | 
               | I don't think it's a given. Clearly some lives are far
               | more complicated than others. There exists a subset of
               | people for whom that complication will become an
               | insurmountable problem. Often those people have been
               | traumatized, or have never learned the tools necessary to
               | work through their feelings.
               | 
               | Some people are bullied into killing themselves. Should
               | that be attributed wholly to the person who was bullied?
        
               | tjwebbnorfolk wrote:
               | Yes I already said that life is complicate because I KNEW
               | that someone would write this very comment. But reminding
               | people that life isn't simple isn't the PSA that you
               | believe it to be.
               | 
               | Yes, everything causes everything, there is no one single
               | thing to blame. Life is hard and complicated. Every rule
               | has exceptions. Every truth has contradictions. Every one
               | is a hypocrite. The world is big and complex.
               | 
               | We all know this already. We don't need this disclaimer
               | to every statement that anyone makes. At a certain point,
               | it just becomes noise.
        
               | reliabilityguy wrote:
               | Because the latter implies some external attribute to it?
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | That's what makes the latter more accurate.
        
               | octopoc wrote:
               | It assigns agency to the person who died.
               | 
               | Think about it this way: I have relative who is vegan, so
               | she has been trying to convince me to kill myself for
               | many years now.
               | 
               | I can still _choose_ whether I do it though, and
               | obviously I chose not to so far, although during COVID I
               | didn't have much other social interaction, so I nearly
               | went through with it.
               | 
               | I had agency throughout though. I'm not dead because I
               | _chose_ not to go through with it.
               | 
               | That's the difference.
        
               | lokeg wrote:
               | What?
        
               | octopoc wrote:
               | Agency is the ability to act. If someone dies against
               | their own will, they don't have agency, which is why we
               | don't use language like "they committed their own death"
               | to refer to such instances.
        
               | marliechiller wrote:
               | whats veganism got to do with comitting suicide?
        
               | octopoc wrote:
               | Many vegans think everyone else is evil/demonic for
               | eating meat. "Meat is murder" etc etc. So the natural
               | conclusion to that is, according to several vegans I
               | know, that everyone who eats meat should be forced to
               | either stop being a mass murderer or kill themselves.
               | 
               | Keep in mind there was a point where I was vegan, I know
               | several vegans, so I know what I'm talking about.
               | 
               | They're not shy about it either--look up That Vegan
               | Teacher on YouTube for relatively middle-of-the-road
               | vegan behavior in action.
        
               | nosefrog wrote:
               | I was vegan for 7 years, one of my vegan friends had the
               | opinion that human hospitals should be banned and only
               | animal hospitals should be allowed.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | Mental illnesses usually occur in conjunction with other
               | mental illnesses.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Comparing nagging from a relative to wrongful prosecution
               | is asinine. You might as well say that you had heartburn
               | and it didn't kill you, so what's with all these people
               | dying from heart attacks?
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | The latter implies that suicide just happened to the
               | person, like they got hit by a bus.
               | 
               | The former correctly attributes the action to the person
               | who killed themselves. Certainly the motivations and
               | causes that drive people to suicide are complex, but
               | ultimately it is a choice the person makes.
               | 
               | "Committed" is perhaps not the best word, since it's
               | associated with crimes (and suicide is not a crime in
               | many places anymore), but it's at least more active.
        
           | JdeBP wrote:
           | For context: Suicide was a crime in the United Kingdom until
           | 1961.
           | 
           | * https://legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/60/contents
           | 
           | * https://bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-14374296
        
           | lanfeust6 wrote:
           | Except colloquially no one today thinks the word has any
           | bearing on whether the victim looks bad. It just means
           | they're responsible for the act.
           | 
           | I guess some people take comfort in the idea that suicide is
           | thrust on people and they take no responsibility for their
           | actions.
        
             | lostmsu wrote:
             | This seems to be a common topic in the current pendulum
             | swing.
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | Healthy, sane people in good situations don't kill
             | themselves.
             | 
             | It follows from that fact that if someone kills themselves,
             | at least one of those things was not true. And those things
             | can and often are thrust on people, or at least occur
             | against the will of the person.
             | 
             | In this case, a bad situation was thrust on a whole bunch
             | of people, and it ended up killing some of them.
        
               | lanfeust6 wrote:
               | > Healthy, sane people in good situations don't kill
               | themselves.
               | 
               | Correct. This has no bearing.
               | 
               | > it ended up killing some of them.
               | 
               | No, and it's irresponsible and unhelpful to act like
               | agency and choice is not part of the equation. As if to
               | say that basically everyone chooses the same way
               | (euthanasia) in the face of terminal illness, or
               | depression.
               | 
               | Tautologically, if you want to convey that help is out
               | there and that a better life is possible, then you're
               | saying people have a choice to make.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | There's a lot of agency in heart attacks too, but we
               | still say that the heart attack killed them, not that
               | they killed themselves with a heart attack.
               | 
               | There is agency, but it's equally irresponsible and
               | unhelpful to act like outside factors are not part of the
               | equation, and that someone who drives a person to suicide
               | is blameless.
               | 
               | Let's say someone jumps out of a burning building and
               | they're killed by the fall. Did they have agency?
               | Responsibility? Should we describe that as "committed
               | suicide"?
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | While there is no real doubt that most, if not all, of these
         | suicides were a direct consequence of the appalling way this
         | monumental failure and its investigation was handled, reporting
         | the news responsibly has become a minefield in which any
         | deviation from what is strictly known is liable to be exploited
         | by those who do not want their role in events to become public.
         | 
         | As you want to call a spade a spade, can we agree that the
         | software engineer who testified repeatedly under oath that the
         | system worked fine, even as the bug tracker filled up with
         | cases where it didn't, is undoubtedly among those who are
         | morally (if not legally) culpable to a considerable extent?
        
           | noisy_boy wrote:
           | > Perhaps also on the software engineer who testified
           | repeatedly under oath that the system worked fine, even as
           | the bug tracker filled up with cases where it didn't
           | 
           | I don't think you needed to ask for agreement.
        
             | mannykannot wrote:
             | Partly on account of the "perhaps" in the original, and
             | partly because I have seen (elsewhere) "just doing his job"
             | defenses.
             | 
             | In corner cases, culpability for uncertain expertise can be
             | a tricky issue - you may recall the case of the Italian
             | geologists, a few years back, indicted for minimizing the
             | risk of an earthquake shortly before one occurred - but the
             | case here seems pretty clear-cut (again, I'm speaking
             | morally, not legally.)
        
           | PaulKeeble wrote:
           | No question, they should be tried for corporate manslaughter
           | and criminal enterprise for the cover up along with all their
           | management. They should all be serving very long sentences,
           | they killed many people with their lies.
        
           | mike_hearn wrote:
           | It's quite possible he will end up going to prison, and
           | absolutely, that would be the right outcome. It's hard to
           | know what was going through his mind as he made that
           | decision.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | He should be charged with perjury and sued by the families.
        
         | foldr wrote:
         | > To the NY Times: please don't say they died by suicide. The
         | passive voice
         | 
         | "X died by suicide" is a sentence in the active voice. "Die" is
         | an intransitive verb and cannot be passivized in English.
        
           | slacktivism123 wrote:
           | Please don't do this kind of tangential grammar nitpicking
           | here. Comments should get more thoughtful and substantive,
           | not less.
        
             | foldr wrote:
             | I'm not nitpicking the poster's grammar, I'm nitpicking the
             | claim about the grammatical structure of a particular
             | sentence that's the factual basis of their criticism of the
             | article.
        
         | rolandog wrote:
         | > Some glitches were of their time and wouldn't occur these
         | days, e.g. malfunctions in resistive touch screens that caused
         | random clicks on POS screens to occur overnight.
         | 
         | These still occur on modern touchscreen laptops (work-provided
         | Dell Latitude 7450 and mandated to use Windows with a lot of
         | restrictions). It's not an everyday issue, but a once a month
         | one.
         | 
         | Other than that, completely agree with your assessment: the
         | ruining of those lives was a completely avoidable tragedy that
         | was grossly mishandled.
        
           | whycome wrote:
           | Arguably, it happens today on a modern iPhone capacitive
           | screen. I've had issues where the UI performs a "bait and
           | switch" and swaps a target that I inadvertently press. ios26
           | is worse because of some lag at certain times.
        
         | louthy wrote:
         | > massive deep state cover-up
         | 
         | Let's not use conspiracy-theory language.
         | 
         | It was a coverup by Fujitsu and The Post Office.
         | 
         | MPs and ministers (part of the state) used their parliamentary
         | privilege to expose it after the campaign by the postmasters
         | brought the issue to light.
         | 
         | No 'deep state' conspiracy, it's just an arse covering cover-up
         | (pared with outright incompetence) which had particularly
         | devastating consequences.
        
           | Joeboy wrote:
           | "Deep state" is, or at least to be, a perfectly respectable
           | political term for bodies that retain power across changing
           | governments.
        
             | louthy wrote:
             | Or in other words: the state. No 'deep' needed unless
             | you're trying to be emotive. Fujitsu is not part of the
             | state and although the Post Office is owned by the state,
             | it's a stand-alone company.
             | 
             | > "Perfectly respectable"
             | 
             | Maybe in some fringe circles, but this term is certainly
             | attached to a huge amount extreme propaganda and conspiracy
             | that attempts to undermine western democracy and
             | institutions.
        
               | Joeboy wrote:
               | The point, I think, is that that The Post Office acted
               | like part of the state, notably in that they acted like
               | an unconstrained branch of the CPS in bringing
               | prosecutions against thousands of people.
               | 
               | > Maybe in some fringe circles
               | 
               | I would say the fringe circles co-opted it over the last
               | couple of decades, and the term's obviously become
               | heavily associated with them in some people's minds (eg.
               | yours). But it's an older term than that.
               | 
               | Edit: Why would the loons have adopted it, if it was such
               | a disreputable term?
        
               | louthy wrote:
               | > The point, I think, is that that The Post Office acted
               | like part of the state
               | 
               | I agree. The _are_ part of the state. They are a
               | standalone company, but wholly owned by the state. But
               | other aspects of the state (eventually) reacted to the
               | injustice: MPs, select committees, ministers, the public
               | inquiry, and hopefully next the legal system as some of
               | these people should be in jail.
               | 
               | > But it's an older term than that.
               | 
               | Fine, I'm happy to accept that. Just like I'm happy to
               | accept that R&B has nothing to do with BB King any more
               | (well, actuality I still struggle with that).
               | 
               | Definitions and usage change. The current usage is the
               | one that matters. Not the legacy definition.
               | 
               | When the original poster wrote "massive deep state cover-
               | up" I think the implication is that shadowy figures
               | throughout the state are pulling cover-up levers, when it
               | was one privately owned company and one publicly owned
               | company. The rest of the state moved (albeit slowly) to
               | expose this and make it right.
        
               | Joeboy wrote:
               | I think your struggle with shifting meanings is a
               | worthwhile one. At least, if you said BB King was an R&B
               | artist, and somebody tried to correct you, you'd be
               | within your rights to stand your ground.
               | 
               | But particularly with regard to politics, I don't think
               | you should let go of useful ideas because arseholes
               | pollute them. At least, it feels uncomfortably like
               | letting the arseholes win, to me.
        
           | PaulKeeble wrote:
           | The post office is a quasi quango, they are technically
           | private but they maintain state functions like the ability to
           | prosecute their post masters. So despite its private
           | ownership it is a partially a state body and in the way in
           | which it caused these deaths its the state quasi quango
           | function that did it.
        
             | louthy wrote:
             | Not arguing against that at all. It is a function of the
             | state. My issue was purely about the emotive language of
             | "deep state", which is used (in my experience) to
             | delegitimise all aspects of the state.
             | 
             | The legacy of the Post Office having prosecution powers was
             | clearly a big part of the problem.
        
           | some_random wrote:
           | I know the term "deep state" is now extremely political and
           | you've only heard it in the context of conspiracy theorists
           | but it's a real term that is completely appropriate here.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | > please don't say they died by suicide. The passive voice
         | makes it sound like some act of God, something regrettable but
         | unavoidable that just somehow happened.
         | 
         | I mean, common. Everyone knows what suicide is or means. No, it
         | does not make it sound like an act of God for anyone who is
         | above A1 level of English.
        
         | dcow wrote:
         | It's still suicide. The wrongfully imprisoned can be acquitted.
         | That's part of the argument against the death penalty: if
         | justice is imperfect then don't take actions that are
         | permanent. You can't classify every instance of miscarriage of
         | justice as state murder. I really don't see the issue you're
         | trying to raise. It's more problematic to invent new language
         | because it feels yucky than to be precise and accurate in our
         | reporting.
        
           | the8472 wrote:
           | We are incapable of returning life-time taken. False
           | imprisonment is still racking up centimorts instead of
           | delivering 1 mort.
        
           | some_random wrote:
           | I don't think they're arguing that the headline should be "13
           | UK postmasters murdered by the state", just that the
           | extremely passive "died by suicide" lacks context and largely
           | leaves out the UK Post Office's role in their death. I think
           | they would prefer some thing along the lines of "At Least 13
           | People Killed Themselves After False Accusations From U.K.
           | Post Office, Report Says".
        
             | dcow wrote:
             | I'm fine with that. And I agree with the sentiment, just
             | not the conclusion that we should be reporting these as
             | not-suicide. If the original comment was indeed that
             | tempered then I have no issue.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | It is the passive voice, not the word suicide that is the
               | issue.
        
               | rpdillon wrote:
               | It's the lack of clarity in what happened. I think the
               | rephrasing mike suggested is much clearer:
               | 
               | > The postmasters killed themselves because the British
               | state was imprisoning them for crimes they didn't commit,
               | based on evidence from a buggy financial accounting
               | system.
               | 
               | That's just better writing!
        
           | vintermann wrote:
           | > You can't classify every instance of miscarriage of justice
           | as state murder.
           | 
           | It's literally what we call it in Norway. In English it's
           | compared to miscarriage (i.e. spontaneous abortion),
           | "miscarriage of justice". Here we call it murder of justice
           | (justismord), whether anyone actually died or not.
           | 
           | I do think it gets the seriousness across, and the focus on
           | it as a deliberate act, rather than an accident as in
           | English. Some people actually made a deliberate act to let
           | innocent people take the blame.
        
             | dcow wrote:
             | Interesting.
             | 
             | > Some people actually made a deliberate act to let
             | innocent people take the blame.
             | 
             | And those people are at fault and should be criminally
             | prosecuted for the harm they caused.
        
         | maweki wrote:
         | The horizon post office scandal is the first thing I taught in
         | my "database design" course, to show that we're not creating
         | self-serving academic exercises. We are creating systems that
         | affect people's lives.
         | 
         | I try to give the legal and ethical perspectives. These systems
         | should be auditable and help and not hurt people.
        
           | sitkack wrote:
           | Or, if you are designing software to kill people, that you
           | actually do a good job.
           | 
           | https://www.cnet.com/news/privacy/cia-allegedly-bought-
           | flawe...
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | OT but what a shit site that is. A third of the page is
             | taken up by a "best prime day deals" countdown banner. What
             | a consumerist piece of shit website.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | You need adblock
        
           | mike_hearn wrote:
           | That's good to hear. I'm sure the story makes an impact!
        
         | KingOfCoders wrote:
         | There is no "deep state", just the state. Calling things "the
         | deep state" tries to partition the state in two parts, a good
         | one and a bad one.
         | 
         | There is also no "deep Amazon" or "deep Meta". Amazon is
         | Amazon, Meta is Meta and the state is the state. People working
         | for or representing the state have their own agenda, have their
         | cliques, have their CYA like people everywhere else. And the
         | state as an organization prioritizes survival and self defense
         | above all other goals it might have.
        
           | mike_hearn wrote:
           | Fair. I use the term to refer to the parts of the state that
           | are somehow buried deep, beyond most people's awareness. In
           | this case the problems started with a government contractor,
           | and were then covered up by people inside the post office. It
           | wasn't a top-down conspiracy of politicians, or of civil
           | servants following their orders.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Indeed. "Deep" is a weasel word. "State" is all the
           | operations of governance which don't change when the
           | government changes.
           | 
           | However, the state is not a monolith. It's an organization of
           | all sorts of sub-organizations run by individuals with their
           | own agendas. They have names, faces, and honors:
           | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-67925304
           | 
           | (The honors systems is deeply problematic because about half
           | of them are handed out to insiders for complicity in god
           | knows what and the other half are handed out to celebrities
           | as cover for the first half)
        
           | tw04 wrote:
           | I'm not sure that's really fair. Within any organization
           | there are subgroups. For instance there was an entire branch
           | of AT&T that was dedicated to illegally spying on Americans
           | for the NSA.
           | 
           | Most employees of AT&T had no idea it was even going on, so
           | to lump every AT&T employee into the same batch of "you're
           | bad because th company you work for was doing X" when they
           | had no idea the company was doing X isn't really fair.
           | 
           | By the same vein, Stephen Miller trying to round up and cage
           | innocent civilians just trying to live their life is a very
           | different part of the government than Suzanne at NASA who's
           | trying to better the future of mankind. To act as if there's
           | no distinguishing between the two is just silly.
           | 
           | Whether you have an issue with the specific term "deep state"
           | I'll leave be. But please don't try to oversimplify large
           | organizations. The higher up the chain the more
           | responsibility you can place for what the organization as a
           | whole does, but the reverse isn't true when speaking outside
           | of their specific area of ownership.
        
             | KingOfCoders wrote:
             | Me: "have their cliques" You: "I'm not sure that's really
             | fair. Within any organization there are subgroups."
             | 
             | "you're bad because th[e] company you work for was doing X"
             | 
             | Which I didn't write.
             | 
             | All the other parts about Suzanne, also not what I wrote.
             | 
             | "But please don't try to oversimplify large organizations."
             | 
             | I didn't, I feel your comment misrepresents what I've said.
             | 
             | "The higher up the chain the more responsibility you can
             | place for what the organization as a whole does"
             | 
             | No. Al Capone killed no one himself. People did that for
             | him. They share the responsibility. My boss made me do it
             | is not an excuse.
        
           | exiguus wrote:
           | Deep State makes kind of sense here, because the U.K. Post
           | Office, had there own Law Enforcement. They can act like the
           | state in several ways. I think the correct term is "Private
           | prosecution". And as fare as I understand it, the U.K. Post
           | Office was able to have there own judge.
        
             | foldr wrote:
             | No, the Post Office doesn't have its own "law enforcement"
             | (if you mean something like a police force) or its own
             | judges.
             | 
             | Any company has the right to bring a private prosecution
             | under UK law, and this was the basis for the prosecutions
             | in question. It just means that the company pays for some
             | of the costs involved.
             | 
             | Whether or not private prosecutions should be allowed is
             | certainly a legitimate topic of discussion. Let's not muddy
             | the waters with misinformation about the Post Office having
             | some kind of parallel police and courts system. It just
             | doesn't.
        
               | exiguus wrote:
               | Thanks for setting the record straight. For me, as a non-
               | Brit, the movie and the term "prosecution" helped me to
               | misunderstand.
        
           | nwienert wrote:
           | There's incredible utility to the term.
           | 
           | It refers to people in the government with a lot of power and
           | little public exposure, and perhaps some indication of using
           | their power against the will of the general public, and yes
           | there's tons of these people, and it's quite good to have the
           | public generally worried about them.
           | 
           | American political history is littered with deep state plots
           | that turned out to be true - Iraq war being a big recent one,
           | the insurance policy FBI agents another.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | Iraq war was definitely not the work of any deep state, if
             | you follow your definition. It was pushed by the president
             | and his government, not faceless bureaucrats.
        
               | nwienert wrote:
               | Certainly the pressure on them and the "intel" they saw
               | on WMD was in part the work of the deep state, that the
               | president was captured by them is sort of the point.
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | You've got it backwards, at least in your description.
               | 
               | They went after the intel they wanted to find to justify
               | their position. It didn't matter if it was real or true,
               | it just needed to come from the intelligence apparatus.
        
               | michael1999 wrote:
               | That's completely backwards.
               | 
               | The CIA was very clear that there was nothing there, and
               | the publicly appointed leadership (Rumsfeld, Feith,
               | Cheney, etc) badgered them until they gave in and made
               | some wishy-washy statement that Powell could pretend was
               | real.
               | 
               | The war was led from the top - Sec Def and VP. That Bush
               | was a moron and appointed liars to Sec Def and VP is on
               | him. Cheney and Rumsfeld had a long history of making
               | things up, going back to the 70s.
        
               | nwienert wrote:
               | Source being that ridiculous fanfic Cheney movie? You're
               | even further off than me, even high level CIA was
               | divided, along many other orgs that supported it. Where
               | did Colin Powell get his evidence from? And the OSP?
               | 
               | Even if we agreed Iraq wasn't a good example, it's
               | irrelevant to the point as I don't think anyone actually
               | thinks there aren't powerful and largely behind the
               | scenes figures - defense, lobbying, billionaires, and so
               | on that aren't actively steering the government away from
               | the will of the people.
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | They knew there were no WMD.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/18/panorama-
               | iraq-...
        
               | nwienert wrote:
               | That shows some set of intelligence had some sources that
               | told them they don't, far from proof of anything let
               | alone anything relevant here. And we know several high up
               | yet largely unknown to the public defense ops claimed the
               | opposite, ie, the deep state.
        
             | mr_toad wrote:
             | > There's incredible utility to the term.
             | 
             | It's a red flag, so there's that.
        
           | phendrenad2 wrote:
           | When people say "deep state" they mean "invisible state". Not
           | "bad state". If you realize this, suddenly you'll understand
           | what people are talking about a lot more.
        
         | fifteen1506 wrote:
         | Surely the engineer wasn't acting alone, lying in court without
         | some inside pressure?
        
         | dagmx wrote:
         | Well said. I really wish we had a better word for someone who
         | is bullied into suicide. It's tantamount to manslaughter imho.
         | 
         | Recently, a snark/bullying community on Reddit resulted in the
         | suicide of their target (a woman responsible for rescuing
         | foxes).
         | 
         | That kind of targeting and bullying is horrific for any
         | individual to process, let alone people who don't have the
         | press teams and training that celebrities do.
        
           | ImHereToVote wrote:
           | This sets a bad precedent. There is a wide gamut of emotional
           | resilience in people. What is a funny insult to one person,
           | can be rope-fuel to another.
           | 
           | Would you want to be called that if you make a light jab at a
           | middle aged bald guy?
        
             | koolala wrote:
             | Sounds unrealistic they would blame it all on one remark
             | like that.
             | 
             | I'd be more afraid people would kill themselves just to get
             | retribution on their tormentors and it would increase
             | suicides.
        
             | __turbobrew__ wrote:
             | A 90 year old is much more physically fragile than a 20
             | year old. If you hit a 20 year old and they are bruised you
             | get an assault charge, if you hit a 90 year old and they
             | die you get a murder charge, despite using the same amount
             | of force.
             | 
             | I do agree with the sibling post that suicide would be
             | weaponized which is the real problem.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | It's a surprising take to blame developers and software
         | development for what is a prime example of corruption within
         | the UK establishment, an uncaring and incompetent court system,
         | and the lying senior managers of the UK Post Office. The faults
         | were known and this is a case of cover-up.
         | 
         | Software development was merely an accessory to the crime in
         | this case.
        
           | aenis wrote:
           | Read the book, if you havent already. The senior technical
           | staff was actively obfuscating and lying. Developers knew the
           | system had synchronization issues, operations knew as well,
           | as they were apparently routinely doing manual data fixes in
           | production. Senior engineering staff are the most to blame.
           | They messed up and then covered up. The fact that their
           | management covered up some more can be partially excused by
           | technical illiteracy.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | That explanation based on lies by the tech staff, is
             | another variation of the Volkswagen explanation that the
             | emissions scandal, were just some low level engineers.
             | 
             | The essence of this story is how the UK establishment can
             | lie, and be corrupt to levels that will shame big time
             | criminals.
             | 
             | [1] "...Vennells was the CEO of Post Office Ltd during the
             | latter part of the Post Office scandal, which involved more
             | than 900 subpostmasters being wrongly convicted of theft,
             | false accounting and fraud between 1999 and 2015 because of
             | shortfalls at their branches that were in fact errors of
             | the Horizon accounting software used by the Post
             | Office.Thousands of subpostmasters paid for shortfalls
             | caused by Horizon and/or had their contracts terminated.
             | The actions of the Post Office caused the loss of jobs,
             | bankruptcy, family breakdown, criminal convictions, prison
             | sentences and at least four suicides. In total, over 4,000
             | subpostmasters would eventually become eligible for
             | compensation..."
             | 
             | "...In 2013, Post Office Limited hired forensic accounting
             | firm Second Sight, headed by Ron Warmington, to investigate
             | the Horizon software losses. Warmington discovered the
             | system was flawed and faulty, but Vennells was unhappy with
             | Warmington's report and terminated their contract. Prior to
             | her role as CEO, Vennells was the Chief Operating Officer
             | of Post Office Ltd, a position in which - according to the
             | evidence of the then CEO, David Smith - she had
             | responsibility for management of the "operational use" of
             | the Horizon software...."
             | 
             | "...During the case, the Post Office's conduct under
             | Vennells's leadership was described as an instance of
             | "appalling and shameful behaviour..."
             | 
             | "...During her testimony, Vennells consistently stated she
             | was unaware of the facts or, when confronted with documents
             | that showed she had been made aware of them, said she had
             | not understood them..."
             | 
             | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Vennells
        
               | MaKey wrote:
               | Why is she not in jail?
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | > Horizon is the case that should replace Therac-25 as a study
         | in what can go wrong if software developers screw up.
         | 
         | Hum, no. Horizon had nothing to do with problems of software
         | development.
         | 
         | It's a case of unaccountable judges, lying attorneys, and the
         | entire police system acting in a conspiracy to hide information
         | and gaslight the society at large. The fact that there is a
         | software error there somewhere isn't relevant at all.
        
         | Vegenoid wrote:
         | > Some glitches were of their time and wouldn't occur these
         | days, e.g. malfunctions in resistive touch screens that caused
         | random clicks on POS screens to occur overnight
         | 
         | I think there's still a lesson to be learned here about
         | computers needing to be locked when not in use. I find it
         | utterly bizarre how many experienced technical employees will
         | leave their computer unlocked when they step away from it for
         | extended periods of time.
        
       | Horffupolde wrote:
       | Suicide is a verb and result by itself. Would the author also say
       | "he died by murder"?
        
         | ellisv wrote:
         | They are simplify avoiding using the word "committed" using a
         | well accepted alternative because of the connotation with
         | criminal behavior.
         | 
         | But no they would say "died by homicide" not "died by murder".
        
           | docdeek wrote:
           | Would they not say "was killed" and so allow "killed
           | himself/herself"?
        
           | Tostino wrote:
           | Maybe "were driven to suicide by..." to properly describe the
           | situation?
        
         | cjs_ac wrote:
         | This trend for commenting on news articles with nothing to say
         | but a complaint about the wording of the headline is tedious.
         | The right to free speech does not impose a responsibility to
         | say something about everything you see.
        
           | thoroughburro wrote:
           | Your argument is that the wording of headlines is so
           | meaningless as to always be beneath comment? Seems silly.
        
           | bendigedig wrote:
           | I think you're missing the point by a mile. The point isn't
           | some tedious debate over grammar; it's about the choice of
           | language that perpetuates the idea that suicide is a tragedy
           | that happens passively 'to people' in some kind of tragic,
           | medicalised, incomprehensible way which is severed from any
           | socio-political context.
           | 
           | In this case, these people were driven to suicide. I would
           | argue that those responsible for the Horizon scandal are
           | guilty of at minimum manslaughter of these poor people.
        
             | cjs_ac wrote:
             | It's a headline. It's not supposed to convey any nuance,
             | it's just there to encourage you to read the article.
             | 
             | I agree that the wording isn't ideal, and I agree that the
             | headline fails to capture the nuance of the circumstances
             | that lead to suicide, but I disagree that subeditors who
             | write headlines need to encapsulate that nuance. _That 's
             | what the article is for._
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | Language evolves, like it or not.
         | 
         | In 2025 English, suicide is most commonly a noun.
        
           | whycome wrote:
           | There's probably a near future where "unalived" becomes an
           | unironic and accepted descriptor.
        
         | giingyui wrote:
         | They have unalived themselves.
        
         | foldr wrote:
         | > Suicide is a verb
         | 
         | No it isn't. You can't say "He suicided."
        
         | arrowsmith wrote:
         | > Suicide is a verb
         | 
         | Not in English. Although it's a verb in many languages, which
         | is why "he suicided" is a common ESL mistake.
        
       | throw_m239339 wrote:
       | What a horrible story.
       | 
       | What can you do when you know you are innocent but the court
       | trusts the software more than it trusts people? And you are asked
       | to repay something you never stole which off course leads to your
       | financial ruin/divorce/... your kids bullied because you as a
       | parent were deemed a thief... Imagine your spouse leaving you
       | because of something you didn't even do...
       | 
       | Someone absolutely needs to go to jail over this. This kind of
       | software is supposed to go through a lengthy compliance and
       | certification process, so clearly whatever person put their
       | signature on that "certified" document is responsible for these
       | death.
        
       | throw0101c wrote:
       | The four-part mini-series _Mr Bates vs The Post Office_ is worth
       | checking out:
       | 
       | > _A faulty IT system called Horizon, developed by Fujitsu,
       | creates apparent cash shortfalls that cause Post Office Limited
       | to pursue prosecutions for fraud, theft and false accounting
       | against a number of subpostmasters across the UK. In 2009, a
       | group of these, led by Alan Bates, forms the Justice for
       | Subpostmasters Alliance. The prosecutions and convictions are
       | later ruled a miscarriage of justice at the conclusion of the
       | Bates & Others v Post Office Ltd judicial case in 2019.[4][5]_
       | 
       | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr_Bates_vs_The_Post_Office
        
         | ThisNameIsTaken wrote:
         | What is particularly striking about the scandal is the impact
         | of the mini-series. From what I understand (as a foreigner to
         | the UK) is that it was the mini-series that sparked national
         | interest in the case. Without it, those involved would still be
         | in a bureaucratic and legal nightmare, in which all
         | institutions rejected their innocence claims, and hardly anyone
         | would have been held accountable. See also the "Impact" section
         | on the linked wiki page.
         | 
         | It leaves me wondering how the situation would have been if it
         | would have been a (dramaturgically) 'bad' series. It might have
         | left those involved even worse of.
        
           | duncans wrote:
           | It's worth pointing out that Mr Bates vs The Post Office
           | screened in early 2024. The Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry
           | was set up in 2020/2021 and the public hearings started in
           | 2023.
           | 
           | So it may have looked like "it was TV what done it" but the
           | wheels of justice were turning long before the show came out.
        
             | penguin_booze wrote:
             | Wheels; justice: all these are just weasel words.
             | Litigation is an exclusive privilege of the rich. And
             | prison, of the poor(er).
        
             | worik wrote:
             | The Guardian was reporting this for years, that I saw
             | 
             | Private Eye too, I hear
             | 
             | The TV programme made it a political football
        
           | PaulKeeble wrote:
           | The people are still waiting for their money back and their
           | names to be cleared. The scandal continues.
           | 
           | I first saw news about this scandal and the early evidence of
           | wrong doing by the Post Office in 2008.
        
           | whycome wrote:
           | > It leaves me wondering how the situation would have been if
           | it would have been a (dramaturgically) 'bad' series. It might
           | have left those involved even worse of.
           | 
           | Holy shit. You might see big corps like the post office fund
           | big dramas as a way to sway public opinion. A tool in the pr
           | playbook.
        
             | aspenmayer wrote:
             | I suspect it's a deliberate strategy in other venues. I see
             | a lot of comments on HN that seem like they're
             | rage/troll/flame bait to cause a line of inquiry they are
             | advancing to be flagged/downvoted, but if done as intended,
             | their reply will be divisive enough that the troll trigger
             | man isn't identified as a troll, but they induce trolling
             | in others.
             | 
             | Anyone Can Become a Troll: Causes of Trolling Behavior in
             | Online Discussions
             | 
             | Justin Cheng, Michael Bernstein, Cristian Danescu-
             | Niculescu-Mizil, Jure Leskovec
             | 
             | > In online communities, antisocial behavior such as
             | trolling disrupts constructive discussion. While prior work
             | suggests that trolling behavior is confined to a vocal and
             | antisocial minority, we demonstrate that ordinary people
             | can engage in such behavior as well. We propose two primary
             | trigger mechanisms: the individual's mood, and the
             | surrounding context of a discussion (e.g., exposure to
             | prior trolling behavior). Through an experiment simulating
             | an online discussion, we find that both negative mood and
             | seeing troll posts by others significantly increases the
             | probability of a user trolling, and together double this
             | probability. To support and extend these results, we study
             | how these same mechanisms play out in the wild via a data-
             | driven, longitudinal analysis of a large online news
             | discussion community. This analysis reveals temporal mood
             | effects, and explores long range patterns of repeated
             | exposure to trolling. A predictive model of trolling
             | behavior shows that mood and discussion context together
             | can explain trolling behavior better than an individual's
             | history of trolling. These results combine to suggest that
             | ordinary people can, under the right circumstances, behave
             | like trolls.
             | 
             | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5791909/
        
           | varispeed wrote:
           | There are other scandals in the UK, like IR35 that basically
           | prevents worker owned businesses from making profit, then
           | resulting cottage industry of parasitic "umbrella companies"
           | and tumbling economy. But directly affected people are easily
           | generalised as those with broader shoulders so the public
           | couldn't care less if they cannot run their little
           | businesses. Meanwhile big consultancies that lobbied for it
           | are getting minted on public sector contracts, they have very
           | much a monopoly now. Things are more expensive and shittier.
           | Oh and then Boriswave - as if captive services market wasn't
           | enough for big corporations - they also got to import the
           | cheapest available workers instead of hiring locals.
        
             | varispeed wrote:
             | The propaganda that was manufactured by the government
             | around this was particularly clever. Most people believe
             | the captive labour market that has been created was for the
             | benefit of the tax payer - see the downvotes and no
             | comments - and reject the idea that it is actually the
             | opposite and only benefactors are big corporations. The
             | idea that subsequent governments could be so corrupt,
             | doesn't compute.
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _From what I understand (as a foreigner to the UK) is that
           | it was the mini-series that sparked national interest in the
           | case._
           | 
           | The case was done with by 2019:
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bates_%26_Others_v_Post_Offic
           | e...
           | 
           | The mini-series aired in 2024. Perhaps it was a bit more
           | obscure pre-airing, but things were sorted out already.
        
           | SCdF wrote:
           | Sort of.
           | 
           | We were in the middle of an election cycle. If you were
           | paying attention you were aware of the scandal slowly
           | grinding its way through legal slop, but most people probably
           | weren't that clued in (as per normal).
           | 
           | But that mini-series threw it into the current public
           | consciousness, and so suddenly it wasn't just the judicial
           | system working through it but the Tories now gave a shit
           | (briefly), because they thought showing that they care might
           | save them (it didn't).
        
         | evanb wrote:
         | I learned a lot from The Great Post Office Trial podcast by BBC
         | Radio 4
         | 
         | https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-great-post-office-...
        
       | lboc wrote:
       | A good summary from the UK IT trade publication that broke the
       | story:
       | 
       | https://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Post-Office-Horizon-s...
       | 
       | Not sure if this requires sign-in/subscription, so apologies in
       | advance. I did neither and have access to the full article.
        
         | comprev wrote:
         | Paywall removed: https://archive.ph/OZeED
        
       | mrkramer wrote:
       | I thought British legal system and computer forensics were
       | serious but this case is just a travesty of justice.
        
         | closewith wrote:
         | The British legal system is and always has been a litany of
         | injustices dressed up in formal attire. To be avoided at all
         | costs.
        
           | mathiaspoint wrote:
           | That mess inspired the American legal system though, which is
           | probably one of if not the best in the world.
           | 
           | IMO common law is still better than case law at least.
        
             | closewith wrote:
             | > That mess inspired the American legal system though,
             | which is probably one of if not the best in the world.
             | 
             | Poe's Law strikes again.
             | 
             | The American legal system isn't even the best legal system
             | in the US.
        
               | nusaru wrote:
               | > in the US
               | 
               | Huh? What does this mean? Are there other systems in the
               | US that I'm not aware of?
        
               | closewith wrote:
               | Yes, the indigenous domestic nations.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | Indeed, and science can't account for the wonders of
               | indigenous ways of thinking either.
        
               | whycome wrote:
               | How dare you. Do you want to get sued?
               | 
               | /s
        
             | zapzupnz wrote:
             | I'm curious to know how American legal system is better
             | than any other country's. From the outside looking in, it
             | looks just as broken if not worse.
             | 
             | You may have been kidding, but I'm sure someone will
             | genuinely think so and have some decent arguments for it.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | My favourite inspiration goes the opposite direction. The
               | United States has this Supreme Court, a final Court of
               | Appeal, politically independent and empowered even to
               | decide that the government's actions are illegal. Sounds
               | great.
               | 
               | The UK had this rather antique thing called the "Lords of
               | Appeal in Ordinary" aka "Law Lords" who were in theory
               | just some Lords (ie people who are arbitrarily in the
               | upper chamber of the Parliament, maybe because their dad
               | was) but served the same purpose as a final court of
               | appeal in practice and so had for a very long time all
               | been Judges because duh, of course they should be judges,
               | that's a job for a judge, just make some judges Lords and
               | forget about it. They met in some committee room in the
               | Palace of Westminster, because they're Lords and that's
               | where the Lords are, right? So, there was _practical_
               | independence, but the appearance was not here.
               | 
               | About 15 years ago now, the dusty Law Lords were in the
               | way of an attempted reform of parliament. A Supreme Court
               | sounds like a good idea, so the UK got a Supreme Court.
               | It fixed up a nice building nearby, gave the exact same
               | people a new job title and sent them over the road. Done.
               | 
               | But the UK version does what it says on the tin. It said
               | on the tin they're politically independent. In the US of
               | course this "independence" is bullshit, but in the UK
               | since there's already a politically independent process
               | to pick judges the same process continues for the Supreme
               | Court. So a Prime Minister might _hate_ the supreme court
               | but they can 't pick the judges.
        
               | PaulRobinson wrote:
               | The Prime Minister can influence earlier in the chain
               | though: they get to approve appointments to the Lords as
               | a whole. Who then gets appointed to positions within the
               | Lords is none of their business, but they can tip the
               | scale if they need to.
               | 
               | It's actually for this reason that for hundreds of years
               | until the early 21st century there was real concern about
               | having a Catholic prime minister. There was even hand-
               | wringing over PMs of other denominations, but the history
               | of Catholicism in the UK in particular raised concern.
               | Why? The PM has final approval of the Lords Spiritual -
               | the bishops from the Church of England who are there to
               | provide a protestant spiritual dimension to all debates
               | before that House.
               | 
               | It's allegedly for this reason that Tony Blair (married
               | to a Catholic) waited until after he left office to
               | convert. I think it was either Brown or Cameron who then
               | got the law explicitly changed to not bar Catholics and
               | other religions to serve as PM.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | The Prime Minister could, in principle, instruct the
               | Queen (this whole arrangement was abolished before Brian
               | got his mum's old job as we'll see shortly) not to issue
               | the Letters Patent for a new Lord, but Parliament has
               | explicitly laid out the rules for this, so, he is in
               | contempt of Parliament. This seems like an unwise course
               | of action as of course he serves only at their pleasure
               | and even Sir Keir, who has an unusually large majority,
               | has discovered that if they don't like what he proposes
               | they can just ignore him.
               | 
               | None of this matters for the Supreme Court, and thus for
               | about 15 years now. It's true that the Supreme Court's
               | justices are made life peers (its original members were
               | of course already peers having previously constituted the
               | Law Lords, but new members are granted a peerage) -
               | however that's merely a convention, if you don't make
               | them a life peer it makes no difference to their job on
               | the court, it just makes you look petty. I don't even
               | think it's contempt now, because the law saying they
               | should be elevated was repealed - unless the new law
               | _also_ says they must be given a peerage when they get
               | the job, I glanced through it and didn 't find that, but
               | it's a huge law because making a Supreme Court was not
               | its main purpose.
        
               | penguin_booze wrote:
               | Politically independent?! Between an extremely dry sense
               | of humour and sarcasm, I can't tell which.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | I know I'm long winded, but, you did see there's a lot
               | more text right?
               | 
               | The US Supreme Court _says_ it 's politically
               | independent. And so the UK's Supreme Court just did that.
               | It wasn't difficult, unlike the US the rest of our court
               | system, including the predecessor "Law Lords" were in
               | fact chosen by an independent non-political process
               | already, the law making a Supreme Court more or less says
               | "Oh, when we need more Supreme Court justices do the
               | thing for judges again, only more so"
        
             | LtWorf wrote:
             | Isn't the american legal system the one who famously killed
             | Sacco and Vanzetti?
        
           | sparsely wrote:
           | Indeed. The goal of the British legal system is to appear
           | serious. Justice is an occasional byproduct.
        
             | penguin_booze wrote:
             | Just say British system; 'Legal' is extraneous. But boy
             | does it appear serious.
        
           | tialaramex wrote:
           | Compared to?
           | 
           | I mean, it's no Norway, but to remind you the United States,
           | which has continued just straight up executing people who may
           | not have committed any crime, is currently trying to make
           | some of its own citizens stateless, then ship them to a
           | foreign oubliette. Russia doesn't bother with courts and
           | people who are out of favour just have deadly "accidents"
           | there.
        
           | mystraline wrote:
           | The stuffy 17th c clothes and powdered wigs were a warning
           | that you are entering the Clown Zone (not the Twilight Zone).
        
         | duncans wrote:
         | The thing here is that the Post Office as the "victim" could
         | also act as its own investigator and prosecutor, due to
         | historical reasons going back to the 17th century when it
         | effectively functioned as part of the state and as such, had
         | the authority to investigate and prosecute crimes related to
         | its operations (like mail theft or fraud).
        
       | cedws wrote:
       | The failing is as much with the court as it is with Fujitsu. Why
       | did they blindly accept Horizon's data as evidence? What if the
       | computer said the Queen stole all the money and ran off to
       | Barbados, would they have thrown her in jail? Why was the output
       | of a black box, which may as well have been a notebook Fujitsu
       | could have written anything they wanted into, treated as gospel?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | The actual answer to this is terrible. Courts _had to_ trust
         | the computer was correct. There was a common law presumption
         | that a computer was operating correctly unless there is
         | evidence to the contrary (and getting that evidence is
         | basically impossible for the individuals being charged who were
         | post office workers, not computer experts, and the source code
         | was a trade secret).
         | 
         | This might change, partly in response to this case:
         | https://www.gov.uk/government/calls-for-evidence/use-of-evid...
         | 
         | Quite interesting article about this:
         | https://www.counselmagazine.co.uk/articles/the-presumption-t...
        
           | imtringued wrote:
           | The emperor has no clothes. Oxford is the worlds AI Safety
           | research hub and yet they didn't think about campaigning to
           | overturn a law which negates their entire reason for
           | existing?
        
             | PaulRobinson wrote:
             | This happened a long time before the current resurgence in
             | AI.
        
               | silon42 wrote:
               | Imagine how much will "machine is right and can't be
               | changed" happen with AI.
        
             | nightpool wrote:
             | Oxford is the world's what? If you believe that then I have
             | a bridge to sell you.
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | Arguments made towards right-wing government (which the UK
             | had for the past decade) from higher education are unlikely
             | to be well received. Perhaps somewhat by Cameron, certainly
             | not in the post-Brexit idiocracy of May, Johnson, Truss or
             | Sunak.
        
           | noisy_boy wrote:
           | > The actual answer to this is terrible. Courts had to trust
           | the computer was correct. There was a common law presumption
           | that a computer was operating correctly unless there is
           | evidence to the contrary
           | 
           | That is just mind bogglingly stupid - who the hell are the
           | idiots who wrote a law like that? Any of them wrote a line of
           | code in their life?
        
             | whycome wrote:
             | Isn't it a similar case in the USA where intoxication
             | breath test computers are similarly obscured from scrutiny?
             | People have argued that they have a right to "face their
             | accuser" and see the source code only to have that request
             | denied. So, black box.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Breathalyzers aren't typically considered sufficient
               | evidence in of themselves to convict ( _or_ exonerate),
               | iirc many PDs have a policy of treating a breathalyzer
               | hit as probable cause more than anything and then either
               | they throw you in the drunk tank if you don 't demand a
               | blood test to verify, or, if they want to actually
               | prosecute you, they get a warrant for a blood test.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | AIUI breath test only establishes probable cause. If you
               | fail a breath test you are taken for a blood draw.
               | 
               | Breath test results are routinely challenged (sometimes
               | successfully) by demanding records showing that the
               | device has been tested and calibrated according to the
               | required schedule.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | In my country (Aotearoa) the breath tests are "strict
               | viability ", so proof
               | 
               | You can demand a blood test, but you have to know. Most
               | people do not know
        
             | arrowsmith wrote:
             | > who wrote a law
             | 
             | That's not what "common law" means.
        
             | michael1999 wrote:
             | It's incremental, and goes back to things like clocks.
             | 
             | Imagine a witness says "I saw him go into the bank at
             | 11:20. I know the time because I looked up at the clock
             | tower, and it said 11:20".
             | 
             | Defence argues "The clock must have been wrong. My client
             | was at lunch with his wife by 11:15".
             | 
             | Clocks are simple enough that we can presume them to
             | correct, unless you can present evidence that they are
             | unreliable.
             | 
             | This presumption was extended to ever-more complicated
             | machines over the years. And then (fatally) this
             | presumption was extended to the rise of PROGRAMMABLE
             | computers. It is the programmability of computers that
             | makes them unreliable. The actual computer hardware rarely
             | makes an error that isn't obvious as an error.
             | 
             | The distinction of software and hardware is a relatively
             | recent concept for something as old as common law.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | Maybe Napoleon should have conquered Britain after all.
        
               | hungmung wrote:
               | Yeah but then every criminal case would presume guilt.
        
               | ginko wrote:
               | What makes you think presumption of innocence is not a
               | thing in civil law?
        
           | mystraline wrote:
           | Governments should have access to all the source of code they
           | buy licenses to (and provided at sale), as a precondition of
           | selling to a government.
           | 
           | When these sorts of things happen, the source can be
           | subpoena'd with the relevant legal tool, and reviewed
           | appropriately.
           | 
           | Why governments don't do this is beyond me. It greatly limits
           | liability of gov procurement, and puts the liability on the
           | companies selling such goods.
        
             | varispeed wrote:
             | > Why governments don't do this is beyond me.
             | 
             | Brown envelopes most likely and de facto non functioning
             | SFO.
        
             | gnfargbl wrote:
             | Governments don't do get source code for the same reason as
             | every other customer doesn't get source code: software
             | vendors are incentivized to refuse the request.
             | 
             | Why are the vendors so incentivized? Well, coming back to
             | Fujitsu and the Post Office, the answer is that refusing to
             | share the source was worth _about a billion dollars_ :
             | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cgm8lmz1xk1o
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Then they shouldn't get the contract.
               | 
               | I hope lessons are learned, but I doubt it.
        
               | ChromaticPanic wrote:
               | This is why it's unethical for governments to use closed
               | source software. Anything related to government
               | functioning should be auditable.
        
             | daveoc64 wrote:
             | Governments (certainly in the UK) aren't willing to pay
             | enough to make this work for vendors.
             | 
             | An escrow approach is quite common to protect the
             | government in the event of a vendor going bankrupt or
             | similar.
        
           | bauble wrote:
           | Relevant XKCD: https://xkcd.com/2030/
        
           | cedws wrote:
           | I was not aware of this. Wow.
           | 
           | I hope they're taking a hard look at past cases where they've
           | done this.
        
             | masfuerte wrote:
             | No chance. The article concludes with the depressing
             | statement that the government has no plans to reform the
             | law, so the injustices will continue. They certainly won't
             | be spending money on digging up old injustices.
        
           | mbonnet wrote:
           | > There was a common law presumption that a computer was
           | operating correctly unless there is evidence to the contrary
           | 
           | This is horrifying. I presume software is working
           | _incorrectly_ until proven otherwise.
        
         | blipvert wrote:
         | Part of the answer is that the Post Office had (has?) special
         | legal status in that it can prosecute cases by itself - no need
         | to present a convincing case to the CPS like the police do.
         | 
         | Many people were scared into pleading guilty just to avoid the
         | upfront legal costs and the ruinous fines if contesting and
         | found guilty ("the computer is always right").
         | 
         | Often the PO knew that they didn't have much of a case but just
         | used their special status to bully them into submission.
        
           | foldr wrote:
           | This is a myth as far as I've been able to determine. The
           | prosecutions were ordinary private prosecutions. The Post
           | Office didn't need any kind of special legal status in order
           | to prosecute.
        
       | RedShift1 wrote:
       | What was the actual bug in the software that caused the
       | accounting errors?
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | From the wording of the description of the programmer who
         | failed to debug and labeled it user error it appears that it is
         | fairly typical Accenture-grade software where there is no
         | single bug so much as the program itself approximates the
         | correct result.
         | 
         | Their data model appears to have been akin to having a single
         | accumulator sum up things rather than to use something like
         | double-entry bookkeeping or an account graph so that the source
         | of errors could be traced.
         | 
         | It's less "a bug" and more a coincidence that the application
         | worked when it did.
        
           | RedShift1 wrote:
           | So the errors could be down to using floats instead of
           | decimal types?
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | It could be that. It could be that they just have separate
             | code paths for measuring "amount in" and "amount reported"
             | with an if-clause missing in one and present in the other.
             | From the description the debugging programmer provides, it
             | doesn't look like they had any sort of coherent design.
        
       | hyperman1 wrote:
       | I'd love to see a technical analysis of what went wrong with the
       | software and what to do about it. Similar to when airplanes crash
       | etc... This is another case like Therac-25 that should be tought
       | in every IT master class.
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | I did read a very technical report about this which obviously
         | now I can't find :-( My takeaways were: (1) They didn't bother
         | with double-entry bookkeeping. (2) It was a distributed system
         | which no one fully understood and was not based on any normal
         | distributed system principles. (3) Developers made ad hoc
         | changes to the code and even database to temporarily patch
         | things up, even going so far as to hard-code database ids into
         | special cases throughout the code.
         | 
         | Edit: I think this one: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-
         | content/uploads/2019/12/bates-v-... Also related article:
         | https://www.benthamsgaze.org/2021/07/15/what-went-wrong-with...
        
       | secondcoming wrote:
       | The inquiry into this scandal was live streamed on Youtube.
       | 
       | You had lawyers quizzing people from all ranks of the Post Office
       | and Fujistu; very interesting.
       | 
       | Ever since, I've worded my work related electronic communications
       | with the supposition that a lawyer may read them at some point in
       | the future.
       | 
       | If I'm ever asked to do something seemingly unusual or 'out of
       | the box', it must be put to me in writing.
        
       | parados wrote:
       | Here is the original source for this article. Warning: it is a
       | tough read, particularly section 3.c "Case Illustrations":
       | https://www.postofficehorizoninquiry.org.uk/sites/default/fi...
        
       | throwawayHpCvfn wrote:
       | As someone who attempted suicide almost ten years ago, I'm
       | disheartened by how cold-hearted the comments on this article
       | are. Accusations of certain wording being "woke" or "PC" and
       | completely ignoring the substance of the article itself, as if
       | the wording were the tragedy here. If we must have this
       | discussion, I stopped using the phrase "committed suicide" when I
       | found out it was a relic of when it was illegal and stigmatized
       | by the justice system. I prefer "died by suicide", and I
       | appreciate when others use it too. Not in the sense that I will
       | correct people when they say committed (because most people, the
       | ones in this comment section excepted, don't know the origins),
       | but rather "oh hey, that person knows about this, and they care
       | too."
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | I think the discussion is that "driven to suicide" would be a
         | more appropriate term. Their deaths were not coincidental or
         | incidental. It is an attempt to acknowledge that their act was
         | the result of the actions of the post office and others.
        
           | throwawayHpCvfn wrote:
           | A few comments are like that, yes, and I have no objections
           | to that description. Most of the discussion though seems to
           | be more like this:
           | 
           | > I guess some people take comfort in the idea that suicide
           | is thrust on people and they take no responsibility for their
           | actions.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44531844
        
       | cletus wrote:
       | People should go to jail for this.
       | 
       | Anyone who has worked on a large migration eventually lands on a
       | pattern that goes something like this:
       | 
       | 1. Double-write to the old system and the new system. Nothing
       | uses the new system;
       | 
       | 2. Verify the output in the new system vs the old system with
       | appropriate scripts. If there are issues, which there will be for
       | awhile, go back to (1);
       | 
       | 3. Start reading from the new system with a small group of users
       | and then an increasingly large group. Still use the old system as
       | the source of truth. Log whenever the output differs. Keep making
       | changes until it always matches;
       | 
       | 4. Once you're at 100% rollout you can start decomissioning the
       | old system.
       | 
       | This approach is incremental, verifiable and reversible. You need
       | all of these things. If you engage in a massive rewrite in a silo
       | for a year or two you're going to have a bad time. If you have no
       | way of verifying your new system's output, you're going to have a
       | bad time. In fact, people are going to die, as is the case here.
       | 
       | If you're going to accuse someone of a criminal act, a system
       | just saying it happened should NEVER be sufficient. It should be
       | able to show its work. The person or people who are ultimately
       | responsible for turning a fraud detection into a criminal
       | complaint should themselves be criminally liable if they make a
       | false complaint.
       | 
       | We had a famous example of this with Hertz mistakenly reporting
       | cars stolen, something they ultimately had to pay for in a
       | lawsuit [1] but that's woefully insufficient. It is expensive,
       | stressful and time-consuming to have to criminally defend
       | yourself against a felony charge. People will often be forced to
       | take a plea because absolutely everything is stacked in the
       | prosecution's favor despite the theoretical presumption of
       | innocence.
       | 
       | As such, an erroneous or false criminal complaint by a company
       | should itself be a criminal charge.
       | 
       | In Hertz's case, a human should eyeball the alleged theft and
       | look for records like "do we have the car?", "do we know where it
       | is?" and "is there a record of them checking it in?"
       | 
       | In the UK post office scandal, a detection of fraud from
       | accounting records should be verified by comparison to the
       | existing system in a transition period AND, moreso in the
       | beginning, double checking results with forensic accountants
       | (actual humans) before any criminal complaint is filed.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.npr.org/2022/12/06/1140998674/hertz-false-
       | accusa...
        
       | akudha wrote:
       | This was depressing to read. Failures at so many levels.
       | 
       | 1. Immediately after Horizon was rolled out, issues were
       | reported. But ignored
       | 
       | 2. Prosecutors didn't bother to verify if there is another
       | explanation before accusing thousands of people of stealing?
       | Isn't it common sense to pause for a second and think, "could we
       | please double check the evidence? how can thousands of postal
       | workers suddenly turn into thieves?"
       | 
       | 3. _local newspaper had published a photo of her and labeled her
       | the "pregnant thief."_ - of course, UK tabloids. Click baits and
       | write whatever the fuck they want, no matter whose lives are
       | destroyed
       | 
       | 4. _post office has said that it does not have the means to
       | provide redress for that many people_ - so they have the means to
       | falsely prosecute and destroy the lives of thousands of people,
       | but they don 't have the means to correct their blunders?
       | 
       | This happened more than a decade ago. Citizens are expected to do
       | everything on time (pay taxes, renew drivers license...) or get
       | fined/jailed, but the government can sit on their butt for _10
       | YEARS_ and do nothing about a blunder they caused?
       | 
       | What about Fujitsu? Why can't the government make _Fujitsu_ pay
       | for the destruction caused by their shitty software?
       | 
       | Jeez. This is just fucking nuts
        
         | PaulRobinson wrote:
         | I suggest you keep an eye on what's being published in _Private
         | Eye_ and _Computer Weekly_ if you have access to those where
         | you are. They 're holding feet to the fire on all these points.
         | 
         | One thing I would say is that if somebody is convicted in the
         | UK, it's acceptable legally and culturally to call them by the
         | crime they committed.
         | 
         | The problem is that in this case the Post Office had unique
         | legal powers, and was being run by people who did not want to
         | "harm the brand" by admitting they had made mistakes, so kept
         | digging.
         | 
         | There is also a fundamental flaw in how the courts - and the
         | Post Office prosecutors - were instructed to think about the
         | evidence in common law.
         | 
         | Bizarrely, it was not (and may still not), be an acceptable
         | defense to say that computer records are wrong. They are
         | assumed correct in UK courts. IT systems were legally
         | considered infallible, and if your evidence contradicts an IT
         | systems evidence, you were considered a liar by the court, and
         | a jury might be instructed accordingly.
         | 
         | Yes, that's awful. Yes, it's ruined lives.
         | 
         | But also, I think all involved have realised pointing fingers
         | at one or two individuals to blame hasn't really helped fix
         | things. Like an air accident, you have to have several things
         | go wrong and compound errors to get into this amount of
         | trouble, normally. There were systemic failing across
         | procurement, implementation, governance, investigations,
         | prosecutions, within the justice system and beyond.
         | 
         | I already know people who have worked for Fujitsu in the UK are
         | not exactly shouting about it. And yet, they're still getting
         | awarded contracts before the compensation has been paid out...
        
           | akudha wrote:
           | Lets ignore everything else for a second. Isn't it common
           | sense, common decency to ask how can thousands of postal
           | workers become thieves overnight? We're talking about postal
           | workers for fuck's sake, not a bunch of mafia dudes. Is there
           | some kind of perverse incentive for the prosecutors to send
           | as many people to jail as possible, guilty or not?
           | 
           |  _run by people who did not want to "harm the brand"_
           | 
           | Oh well, now their precious brand has been harmed, how
           | exactly do they expect to gain the trust, respect of the
           | people back? Maybe they think the public will forget and move
           | on? These people suck...
        
             | Akronymus wrote:
             | afaict, the assumption was they already were, and were just
             | uncovered.
        
             | mxfh wrote:
             | Related case in the Netherlands: if you just think all dual
             | citizens are up for no good as the pretext a lot of law
             | abiding people's lifes will just get upended.
             | 
             | If legislation, jurisdiction and law enforcement forget
             | about basic principles and human rights in favour of
             | looking productive, collateral damage is pretty much more
             | or less expected.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_childcare_benefits_scan
             | d...
        
               | worik wrote:
               | Means tested benefits, all sorts of problems
               | 
               | There are incentives to cheat
               | 
               | There is moral panic about "undeserving poor"
               | 
               | Increase taxes and make services and benefits free,
               | including a UBI.
               | 
               | Increase and collect taxes.
        
             | nullc wrote:
             | > Isn't it common sense, common decency to ask how can
             | thousands of postal workers become thieves overnight
             | 
             | The whole privatized postoffice setup was a profoundly
             | unattractive investment-- at least to those who thought of
             | it on investment grounds (e.g. return on
             | investment+costs)-- and so there was a presumption before
             | the computer system went in that many must have been in it
             | to steal.
             | 
             | > Is there some kind of perverse incentive for the
             | prosecutors
             | 
             | One of the broken things here is that the postoffice
             | themselves were able to criminally prosecute-- so the
             | criminal cases lacked "have to deserve the state
             | prosecutors time" protection.
        
           | justin66 wrote:
           | > One thing I would say is that if somebody is convicted in
           | the UK, it's acceptable legally and culturally to call them
           | by the crime they committed.
           | 
           | Which certainly contributed to the suicides.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | > if somebody is convicted in the UK, it's acceptable legally
           | and culturally to call them by the crime they committed.
           | 
           | Is this not the case in other countries?
        
             | helloguillecl wrote:
             | In Germany, calling someone by a crime they have been
             | sentenced of, constitutes defamation.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | What? That makes no sense whatsoever.
        
               | akudha wrote:
               | Why does it not make sense? If I was involved in a
               | robbery at age 18, as a dumb kid, should I still be
               | called "robber xyz" for the rest of my life? Especially
               | if I turned my life around?
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | I agree that we should be forgiving, give people second
               | chances etc, but that doesn't change the meaning of
               | words. "Defamation" is when you damage someone's
               | reputation by saying things about them that aren't true.
               | If you were convicted of a crime long ago and someone
               | draws attention to that fact, they're not defaming you.
               | The truth isn't defamation, by definition.
        
               | mkehrt wrote:
               | > The truth isn't defamation, by definition. This is a
               | famously American position.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | I'm not American, and we're discussing a UK news story.
               | 
               | But I genuinely didn't know that other countries do
               | things differently. What does defamation even mean if it
               | doesn't include the concept of untruth?
        
               | arh68 wrote:
               | Previously, [1]
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40682485 (obviously,
               | it means different things to different folks; I can't
               | properly answer your question)
               | 
               | FWIW I'm only really familiar with the American usual.
        
               | jolmg wrote:
               | > but that doesn't change the meaning of words.
               | 
               | Words can have multiple similar definitions with small
               | variations. If I look up "defamation" I get:
               | 
               | > Defamation is a legal term that refers to any statement
               | made by a person, whether verbal or printed, that causes
               | harm to another person's reputation or character. ---
               | https://legaldictionary.net/defamation/
               | 
               | > Defamation is a communication that injures a third
               | party's reputation and causes a legally redressable
               | injury. The precise legal definition of defamation varies
               | from country to country. It is not necessarily restricted
               | to making assertions that are falsifiable, and can extend
               | to concepts that are more abstract than reputation - like
               | dignity and honour. ---
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defamation
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | I stand corrected.
        
               | amiga386 wrote:
               | Truth (in English law) is merely a _defence_ to an
               | accusation of libel or slander, and it is not an
               | _absolute_ defence. If you say or print _true_ things
               | about a person, that lowers their reputation in the eyes
               | of an ordinary person, and you are _motivated by malice_
               | , then you have still committed the crime of defamation.
               | 
               | English libel law is an evolution of the former English
               | law known as _scandalum magnatum_ --  "scandalizing the
               | mighty". Basically, if you say bad things about powerful
               | people, those powerful people will crush you with the
               | law.
               | 
               | As an example, Robert Maxwell embezzled millions from his
               | company's pension fund, and also used that money to sue
               | anyone who slighted him - including anyone who said he
               | was embezzling from his company's pension fund. He was
               | never prosecuted for embezzling millions from his
               | company's pension fund.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | > He was never prosecuted for embezzling millions from
               | his company's pension fund.
               | 
               | He escaped that. By dying. Probably suicide.
               | 
               | The walls were closing in
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Calling someone a robber means they are currently a
               | robber. It can be inaccurate and untrue in the same way
               | that calling someone a bartender would be inaccurate and
               | untrue if they are a lawyer who hasn't tended a bar in 20
               | years.
               | 
               | I don't like the idea of prosecuting people for this, but
               | I don't think it's illogical.
        
               | veeti wrote:
               | Would you extend the same courtesy to a murderer or child
               | rapist?
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Honestly I don't know, I think it would depend on how
               | long ago the crime was and if there's a credible reason
               | to believe they won't do it again. I do think there's a
               | meaningful difference between "they murdered someone" and
               | "they're a murderer", and in general I do prefer to
               | describe people's actions as opposed to using "they're a
               | ___" labels.
        
               | nothrabannosir wrote:
               | Just in case this is a leading question: there are many
               | courtesies we extend some but not all people convicted of
               | a crime. Bail, parole, etc.
        
               | nilamo wrote:
               | Why is such a person wandering around free if they were
               | convicted? Do you think prison sentences are not harsh
               | enough?
        
               | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
               | > The truth isn't defamation, by definition.
               | 
               | Perhaps you mean slander/libel?
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | Slander and libel are subcategories of defamation.
               | 
               | Libel = defamation in writing. Slander = defamation in
               | speech.
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | > They are assumed correct in UK courts. IT systems were
           | legally considered infallible
           | 
           | This will change when elected officials start getting hoisted
           | by their own electronic petards.
           | 
           | The Venn diagram of midwit enterprise developers who build
           | systems with audit trails yet could not swear under penalty
           | of perjury that the audit trail is absolutely correct in
           | every case is almost a circle.
        
             | Jooror wrote:
             | Show me a system for which you believe the audit trail is
             | absolutely correct in every case and I'll show you a
             | midwit...
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | It is straightfoward to build systems which derive their
               | state from the audit trail instead of building the audit
               | trail in parallel. That is what event sourcing is.
        
               | Jooror wrote:
               | TIL, thanks!
               | 
               | I was attempting to emphasize the absurdity of any
               | software system being "absolutely correct at all times".
               | I don't believe such a system can exist, at least not in
               | such strong terms.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | What's important is that the audit trail can be replayed
               | to derive the state of the system - and preferably in
               | such a way that investigators can determine what _would_
               | have been seen by someone using it on a specific day at a
               | specific time. Whether the system is free from bugs is a
               | different matter - no system is, which is why deriving
               | state from the audit trail instead of a parallel process
               | which is guaranteed to diverge is so important!
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | It's fucking nuts because it's worse than that too.
         | 
         | Fujitsu falsely claimed that they couldn't remotely modify
         | data.
         | 
         | They used technical info to obfuscate things for the accused
         | and the judges.
        
           | Anthony-G wrote:
           | I haven't followed this issue closely but would lying in
           | court about their ability to remotely modify data not be
           | perjury?
        
         | s_dev wrote:
         | >2. Prosecutors didn't bother to verify if there is another
         | explanation before accusing thousands of people of stealing?
         | Isn't it common sense to pause for a second and think, "could
         | we please double check the evidence? how can thousands of
         | postal workers suddenly turn into thieves?"
         | 
         | They genuinely thought that the new software was uncovering a
         | lot of theft that previously went undetected. This actually
         | spurred them on even further thinking that the software was a
         | godsend.
         | 
         | The sickening part is the people responsible won't ever see the
         | inside of a prison cell despite sending many to prison for
         | their failures.
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | Rationalization is a powerful force. People rarely come to
           | objective beliefs based on evidence. They come to beliefs and
           | then search for evidence. In law enforcement, people tend to
           | decide on a suspect and then look for proof. Hence why you so
           | often see prosecutors and police fighting to punish innocent
           | people, sometimes even after they've been proven to be
           | innocent.
        
             | akudha wrote:
             | _In law enforcement, people tend to decide on a suspect and
             | then look for proof._
             | 
             | Yikes, such people shouldn't be in working in law
             | enforcement then
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Everyone does it. You and me too. It's just how brains
               | work. First the opinion, then the evidence to back up the
               | opinion.
        
               | akudha wrote:
               | Maybe everyone does it at some level, but not everyone
               | works in a job that has the potential to wreck other
               | people's lives and freedoms. There should be a higher
               | standard for doctors, prosecutors, cops, judges etc than
               | someone writing a todo CRUD app or a cashier at a bodega.
               | 
               | It is not too much to ask for prosecutors to be a bit
               | more careful, bit more factual, understand the powers
               | that come with their position and use it wisely. If they
               | are not able to do that, they should pick some other
               | profession which has lesser potential to cause damage
               | than law enforcement.
               | 
               | Also - now that the software has proven defective, are
               | they doing to go after Fujitsu or those who tested/signed
               | off on the software? Probably not, maybe they will find a
               | scapegoat at best.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Law enforcement could definitely do better here. The
               | nature of the job tends to attract people who like
               | exerting power over others, and I imagine that correlates
               | with deciding people are guilty first, and finding
               | evidence later.
               | 
               | But everybody is like this to an extent, so you need to
               | fix this in other ways too. This is why reasonable
               | countries have a whole bunch of process around legal
               | punishment, and don't just throw someone in prison after
               | a police officer says so. All the restrictions on how
               | evidence is gathered and what kind of proof needs to be
               | provided are ways to work around this problem. The police
               | and prosecutor might decide someone is guilty, but they
               | still have to convince twelve ordinary people. (Or
               | whatever the process is in your country of choice.)
               | 
               | It sounds like this is where things really fell apart
               | with the postal scandal, and the courts were willing to
               | convict with insufficient evidence.
        
               | rlpb wrote:
               | ...and this is perfectly fine as long as one is willing
               | to change one's opinion should the evidence demand it.
        
         | dagmx wrote:
         | I really wish someone had the political capital to do something
         | about the tabloids. They're really a detriment to society.
        
           | johnnyApplePRNG wrote:
           | Politicians love the tabloids. They distract from the real
           | goings-on.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | I don't like the tabloids either but what exactly do you
           | propose we do? Are you sure it's a good idea to undermine the
           | freedom of the press?
           | 
           | A government with the power to censor the tabloids is also a
           | government with the power to censor the news outlets that you
           | _do_ like. I 'd be careful about opening that can of worms.
        
             | junon wrote:
             | When tabloids circumvent due process to commit slander and
             | get away with it there should be penalties, yes.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | Defamation is already illegal. People sue each other for
               | defamation all the time - in fact UK libel law is
               | notoriously weighted in favour of the plaintiff. If these
               | men were defamed they can sue the tabloids and they'll
               | probably win.
               | 
               | GP was saying the _government_ should do something. What
               | more can the government do?
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | If they have a ton of money, which these postmasters do
               | not.
        
             | jedimastert wrote:
             | Aren't defamation laws in the UK almost shockingly
             | restrictive? How the hell are they able to operate?
        
             | skywhopper wrote:
             | No other country has as toxic a press culture as the UK.
             | Addressing that doesn't have to mean restricting press
             | freedom. If something is a destructive cancer on society,
             | you can't just ignore it, or eventually it will destroy
             | those freedoms for everyone else.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | The United States (famously) has stronger free speech
             | protections and weaker libel/slander laws, yet seems to
             | have less of an issue with tabloids. Is there maybe more of
             | a divide between what's alloweable for "public figures"
             | versus private citizens? Or maybe even our right-wing rags
             | are more skeptical of the government? I don't know what the
             | difference is, but you seem to see less of this sort of
             | thing, gross as our tabloids still are. Maybe it really is
             | just a cultural difference somehow.
        
               | esseph wrote:
               | The US tabloids are awful. Any checkout isle at a
               | Walmart, Dollar General, etc is just littered with them,
               | right next to the disposable lighter packs and chewing
               | gum.
        
               | ToValueFunfetti wrote:
               | But nobody reads them in the US[1], and many are about
               | celebrities or cryptids or what-have-you rather than
               | current events or private citizens. There's definitely a
               | cultural difference here.
               | 
               | [1] UK has 1/4th of the population of the US but The Sun
               | has 4x the circulation of The New York Post. The Daily
               | Mirror every day puts out 4x the number of papers that
               | The National Enquirer puts out in a week.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Sure, I did say they were gross, but they just seem to
               | mostly cause less concrete damage. Not sure why.
        
               | umbra07 wrote:
               | they aren't nearly as toxic as the UK tabloids.
               | 
               | Also, I never hear _anybody_ talk about what the tabloids
               | are reporting. There 's a lot of social stigma attached
               | to them in the US.
        
             | cgriswald wrote:
             | Civil defamation laws could equally be used to undermine
             | freedom of the press. In any case, the 'can of worms' you
             | are talking about was the state of affairs in the UK until
             | 2009 and is currently the case in several US states and yet
             | somehow we still have people in those states openly
             | criticizing a sitting president.
             | 
             | Rather than throwing our hands in the air, maybe we could
             | expect our governments to craft laws in such a way that we
             | can punish people for willful lies resulting in death while
             | still preserving our right to free speech and the press.
        
               | arrowsmith wrote:
               | The UK already has extremely strong defamation laws, to
               | the point where we attract "libel tourism" - foreigners
               | find dubious excuses to bring their libel cases to the UK
               | courts so that they have an easier chance of winning.
               | 
               | Lots of people in my replies are telling me that I'm
               | wrong, but no-one has yet answered my question: what
               | specifically should the government do?
        
               | cgriswald wrote:
               | That's because your question appears rhetorical. You had
               | already come to the conclusion that governments couldn't
               | or shouldn't do anything.
               | 
               | What could be done: (1) Stronger penalties, perhaps tied
               | to proportionate burdens of proof. (2) Criminal
               | penalties.
               | 
               | A weak burden of proof with mediocre penalties is just a
               | cost of doing business.
        
           | flir wrote:
           | Think that would be solving the last century's problem. I
           | think you'd get more bang for your buck by reining in social
           | media.
        
         | rossant wrote:
         | Read about this [1, 2]. This is not yet a well-known scandal,
         | but I expect (and hope) it will surface in the coming years or
         | decade. It is on an even bigger scale, not limited to a single
         | country, and it has been going on not just for 10 years but for
         | many decades.
         | 
         | [1] https://cambridgeblog.org/2023/05/a-journey-into-the-
         | shaken-...
         | 
         | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37650402
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | Incredible. Reading HN pays off again. Thank you for sharing.
           | 
           | The link is to a book by a PhD neuroscientist investigation
           | the scientific basis for shaken baby syndrome.
        
             | rossant wrote:
             | Yes, that's me.
        
               | DiabloD3 wrote:
               | Wow, that _is_ you.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | Wow that's crazy. Good work! I guess this is a less
           | "compelling" scandal than Horizon because there isn't one or
           | two entities that are responsible.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | Reminds me somewhat of the child sex abuse hysteria in the
           | 80s/90s involving daycare centers and the many horrific
           | accusations that people took at face value and without
           | question, being (rightfully) concerned for the wellbeing of
           | the children. It was finally understood that it was
           | relatively easy to plant false memories in young children
           | through suggestive questioning. People went to jail for years
           | before their convictions were overturned, and the impact on
           | society lives on.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day-care_sex-abuse_hysteria
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/10/us/the-trial-that-
           | unleash...
        
         | TechDebtDevin wrote:
         | fortunately, (most) governments will let you leave.
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | > What about Fujitsu? Why can't the government make Fujitsu pay
         | for the destruction caused by their shitty software?
         | 
         | Because the software didn't cause it.
         | 
         | Look, by all accounts the software was/is a piece of piss, but
         | what made it such an egregious scandal is how the Post Office
         | leadership dealt with things. There was really no good reason
         | for that to happen. They just ignored reports of problems
         | (proper reports written by auditors, not vague rumours). They
         | lied to postmasters by saying that no one has problems (when,
         | in fact, there were hundreds of people). Lots has been written
         | about all of this and I won't repeat it all here.
         | 
         | So I must object to the phrasing of "caused by their shitty
         | software". Of course lots can be said about the failings of the
         | software itself and Fujitsu also lied and covered their tracks
         | so they are not entirely blameless. But they emphatically did
         | not "cause" any of this: it was the Post Office leadership who
         | primarily caused this mess.
         | 
         | Lots of things go wrong in the world, lots of things are
         | defective. What often matters the most is not so much the
         | mistake or defect itself, but what the response to that is.
        
           | gowld wrote:
           | It's not a crime when the government does it :-(
        
           | amiga386 wrote:
           | I'm going to have to pull you up on this detail, as you seem
           | to care about the details.
           | 
           | Fujitsu/ICL won the contract to develop and run Horizon. They
           | got a commission on every EFTPOS sale. They paid for all the
           | computers, all the network setup, all the staff training.
           | They literally ran the helpline. If you were a sub-postmaster
           | and had a problem with Horizon, _you called Fujitsu._
           | 
           | It was _Fujitsu_ that then told you that the bug you found in
           | Horizon wasn 't a bug and nobody else was experiencing it, at
           | exactly the same time their internal IT tickets had fully
           | documented the bug and their staff were trying to patch up
           | that bug before it happened to anyone else.
           | 
           | Fujitsu also claimed, in many court cases, that they had no
           | remote access to Horizon. But they did. They also let
           | engineers use it, and push one-off code fixes, to "fix-up"
           | known errors that had been made in ledgers on the computer in
           | your Post Office, so there was no source of truth anywhere in
           | the system. If courts had known this, almost every Post
           | Office private prosecution would have been thrown in the bin
           | for unreliable evidence. Instead, courts ran on the belief
           | that computers were like calculators, and can be assumed to
           | be reliable unless proven faulty.
           | 
           | It was Fujitsu not volunteering this fact, and indeed
           | _barristers_ coaching Fujitsu expert witnesses on what to say
           | and what _not_ to reveal, ignoring procedural rules _that the
           | barristers knew had to be followed_ that say you have to
           | reveal pertinent facts to the defence.
           | 
           | Fujitsu were in it up to their necks along with the Post
           | Office. They made material gains by denying bugs existed,
           | denying they had remote access, falsely claiming their system
           | was reliable, and having their staff perjure themselves in
           | prosecutions brought by the Post Office.
           | 
           | Without Fujitsu's complicity and mendacity, the Post Office
           | might not have succeeded in prosecuting anyone - and of
           | course, without the phantom losses caused by their broken
           | software, they'd have no cases to prosecute.
        
             | akudha wrote:
             | Fujistu is a business - they're gonna lie and do all kinds
             | of shady things to maximize profits, avoid litigation etc.
             | Nobody expects a big business to be ethical or even do only
             | legal things at this point.
             | 
             | It is the prosecutors conduct that is maddening here. They
             | need to have higher standards - it is their job to
             | prosecute _actual_ criminal behavior, and not be lazy in
             | fact checking
        
               | borosuxks wrote:
               | It's mad we let such organizations run systems for us,
               | let alone exist in the first place. If they were humans,
               | they'd be labeled sociopaths.
        
               | amiga386 wrote:
               | Firstly, no, people _do_ expect big business to act
               | legally. Businesses should not  "lie and do all kinds of
               | shady things", and it's up to regulators (and those they
               | harm, using the courts) to hold them to account.
               | 
               | Secondly, I don't think you understand the situation if
               | you talk about the "prosecutors conduct". The Post Office
               | itself - a private company (owned by the government at
               | arms length) - was the entity doing the prosecuting.
               | These were _private prosecutions_.
               | 
               | You're hearing it right. The aggrieved party is also the
               | prosecutor, in the criminal courts. They are not a
               | claimant in the civil courts.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_prosecution#England
               | _an...
               | 
               | The Crown Prosecution Service (who work with the police,
               | act for the government and prosecute most criminal cases
               | in England and Wales) were not involved. In fact, much of
               | the criticism of the CPS in the Post Office scandal is
               | that they _could have been_ involved; they had the
               | statutory right to take over a prosecution, and if
               | appropriate, discontinue it due to lack of evidence. But
               | they did not intervene.
        
             | williamscales wrote:
             | Thank you for the added detail.
        
         | EngineeringStuf wrote:
         | I really do agree.
         | 
         | I was a lead Technical Architect and authority on behalf of HM
         | Treasury for a while, and I will tell you this: this is just
         | the tip of the iceberg in government procurement.
         | 
         | I've witnessed faulty systems in DVLA, DEFRA, DWP, Home Office,
         | MOJ and Scottish Government. Systems that have directly
         | resulted in suicide, false convictions, corruption and loss of
         | money to the public purse.
         | 
         | The problem with Horizon and Fujitsu is that in the end the
         | government has to sign it off, and there will be someone who is
         | the Accountable Officer (AO). More often than not, all parties
         | (customer and supplier) become incredibly motivated to protect
         | the AO because it protects profits, protects reputational
         | damage and essentially builds a good news story around the
         | whole thing.
         | 
         | It's just elitism, wrapped up in cronyism, veiled in lies so
         | that AOs can fail upwards into positions with suppliers. I've
         | seen it too many times and I'm fed-up with it. Government is
         | completely and utterly corrupt.
        
       | duncans wrote:
       | What is amazing is the engineers the Fujitsu employed would
       | testify in court against some of the subpostmasters saying "there
       | were no faults" where in unearthed evidence of their support logs
       | they could be clearly acknowledging bugs that could create false
       | accounts, manually updating records and audit logs to balance it
       | out (and also sometimes screwing that up).
       | 
       | See Nick Wallis' coverage: *
       | https://www.postofficetrial.com/2019/03/the-smoking-gun.html *
       | https://www.postofficescandal.uk/post/ecce-chambers/
       | 
       | > [Anne] Chambers closed the ticket with a definitive: "No fault
       | in product".
       | 
       | > The cause of the defect was assigned to "User" - that is, the
       | Subpostmaster.
       | 
       | > When Beer asked why, Chambers replied: "Because I was rather
       | frustrated by not - by feeling that I couldn't fully get to the
       | bottom of it. But there was no evidence for it being a system
       | error."
       | 
       | ...
       | 
       | > Chambers conceded: "something was obviously wrong, in that the
       | branch obviously were getting these discrepancies that they
       | weren't expecting, but all I could see on my side was that they
       | were apparently declaring these differing amounts, and I
       | certainly didn't know of any system errors that would cause that
       | to happen, or that would take what they were declaring and not
       | record it correctly.... so I felt, on balance, there was just no
       | evidence of a system error."
       | 
       | > No evidence. [Sir Wyn] Williams pointed out that it surely was
       | unlikely to be a user error if both trainers and auditors had
       | recorded the Subpostmaster as inputting information correctly.
       | Chambers replied:
       | 
       | > "Well, yeah, I... yes, I don't know why... I'm not happy with
       | this one. But I still stand by there being no indication of a
       | system error and the numbers that they were recording just didn't
       | make a lot of sense."
        
         | justin66 wrote:
         | Pretty sure I can guess the answer, but: does the UK have
         | professional licensure for "software engineers?"
        
           | petesergeant wrote:
           | Yes, software engineers can become Chartered Engineers via
           | the BCS:
           | 
           | https://www.bcs.org/membership-and-registrations/get-
           | registe...
           | 
           | Has anyone, ever? I've met precisely one.
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | I'm really surprised the post office didn't do more of a job to
         | frame it as the "Fujitsu Scandal". They could have made the
         | public think it was a foreign Japanese issue
        
         | VagabundoP wrote:
         | Absolutely scandalous. What kind of engineer is she?
        
           | oc1 wrote:
           | Hopefully an unemployed one. She deserves to be thrown into
           | jail.
        
       | SCdF wrote:
       | Effectively tortured to death.
       | 
       | One of the things that frustrates me with how ethics is taught in
       | computer science is that we use examples like Therac 25, and
       | people listen in horror, then their takeaway is frequently "well
       | thank god I don't work on medical equipment".
       | 
       | The fact that it's medical equipment is a distraction. All
       | software can cause harm to others. All of it. You need to care
       | about all of it.
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | That's why the "died by suicide" language can be problematic.
         | These people were driven by several factors and they were left
         | with no choice.
        
           | arrowsmith wrote:
           | "Driven to suicide" may be more accurate. And damning.
        
         | jedimastert wrote:
         | Jesus I desperately wish real ethics classes were required for
         | computer science degrees
        
           | UK-AL wrote:
           | In the UK they are I think? Well if they want to be BCS
           | accredited.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | Ethic classes are pointless without ethical liability and
           | accountability of people causing suffering. Yes, even the
           | Jira javascript ticket punchers hould be accountable for what
           | they do.
        
             | jedimastert wrote:
             | "ethics classes are useless because no one would willingly
             | choose to act ethically" is an interesting stance to
             | take...
        
         | gblargg wrote:
         | Therac 25 is exactly what I thought of when reading this story.
         | The software didn't have direct hardware control to kill
         | patients with radiation, but it still resulted in thousands of
         | victims.
        
         | mbonnet wrote:
         | I work on satellites that are intended for use in missile
         | tracking. If I fail in the software, it might not "kill
         | people", but people will die due to the failures.
         | 
         | Though, I used to work on fighter jets and SAMs. People _do_
         | die due to my work.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Previously: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44499498
        
       | exiguus wrote:
       | I became aware of this fraud involving Fujitsu/Horizon and the UK
       | Post Office at the beginning of this year because I watched the
       | movie 'Mr. Bates vs The Post Office.' I can recommend it.
       | 
       | It's sad to see all these people losing their livelihoods and
       | beliefs. And it gives me hope to see how they fought back and
       | started to help each other over the decades.
        
       | jordanb wrote:
       | I went on a deep dive on this scandal about a year or so ago. One
       | thing that struck me is the _class_ element.
       | 
       | Basically, the Post Office leadership could not understand why
       | someone would buy a PO franchise. It's a substantial amount of
       | money up front, and people aren't allowed to buy multiple
       | franchises, so every PO was an owner/operator position.
       | Essentially people were "buying a job".
       | 
       | The people in leadership couldn't understand why someone would
       | buy the opportunity to work long hours at a retail position and
       | end up hopefully clearing a middle class salary at the end of the
       | year. They assumed that there must be a _real reason_ why people
       | were signing up and the real reason was to put their hands in the
       | till.
       | 
       | So they ended up assuming the postmasters were stealing, and the
       | purpose of the accounting software was to detect the fraud so it
       | could be prosecuted. When the accounting software started finding
       | vast amounts of missing funds, they ignored questions about the
       | software because it was _working as intended._ I bet if the
       | opposite had happened, and it found very little fraud, they would
       | have become suspicious of the software because their priors were
       | that the postmasters were a bunch of thieves.
        
         | hnfong wrote:
         | Fascinating. Do you have references for the motives/biases of
         | the PO leadership?
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | My entry-point was listening to this podcast, it's pretty
           | long but it goes into the fact that the purpose of horizon
           | was to detect fraud and reduce shrinkage, that the leadership
           | and their consultants were coming up with outsized estimates
           | for the amount of fraud and using that as financial
           | justification for the project.
           | 
           | They also talk about postmaster's motivations for buying a
           | franchise and how sitting behind a retail desk in a small
           | town with a modest but steady income is actually one of the
           | best outcomes available to the type of working-class Briton
           | who was buying the franchise.
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000jf7j
        
             | amiga386 wrote:
             | I haven't listened to the podcast, but I think you may be
             | oversimplifying.
             | 
             | The _origin_ of Horizon is that ICL won the tender for a
             | project to computerise the UK 's benefits payment system --
             | replacing giro books (like cheque books) with smart cards
             | (like bank cards):
             | 
             | https://inews.co.uk/news/post-office-warned-fujitsu-
             | horizon-...
             | 
             | https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmt
             | r...
             | 
             | Sure, it was _also_ expected to detect fraud, but overall
             | it was a  "modernising" project. The project failed
             | disastrously because ICL were completely incompetent at
             | building an accounting system, the system regularly made
             | huge mistakes, and the incoming government scrapped it.
             | 
             | ICL was nonetheless still very chummy with government, as
             | it was concieved of by 1960s British politicians who
             | basically wanted a UK version of IBM because they didn't
             | want Americans being in control of all the UK's computer
             | systems. ICL used to operate mainframes and supply
             | "computer terminals" to government and such, which is why
             | they needed a lot of equipment from Fujitsu, which is why
             | Fujitsu decided to buy them.
             | 
             | ICL/Fujitsu still kept the contract to computerize Post
             | Office accounting more generally -- Horizon. Post Offices
             | could literally have pen-and-paper accounting until this!
             | Yes, the project was also meant to look for fraud and
             | shrinkage, but at its heart it was there to modernise,
             | centralise and reduce costs. If only it wasn't written by
             | incompetent morons who keep winning contracts because
             | they're sweet with government.
        
         | jen20 wrote:
         | I suspect there's more to it in than that.
         | 
         | I'd wager there was a solid amount of general incompetence
         | involved at the PO "corporate" - management politically
         | couldn't admit that their consultingware could be anything
         | other than perfect, because they signed off on the decision to
         | buy it, and probably on all the work orders that got them to
         | that point.
         | 
         | If anyone from PO management or that of the consulting firm
         | (Fujitsu, I believe?) ever get any work again, it will be a
         | travesty of justice.
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | Yes at some point it turned into CYA. When the leadership
           | started realizing that there were problems with the software
           | they started doubling down, getting even more aggressive with
           | prosecutions, because they were trying to hide their own
           | fuckups.
           | 
           | But when the ball started rolling, as the software rolled out
           | and was finding missing funds _everywhere,_ you 'd think a
           | normal person would have asked "are we sure there are no bugs
           | here?" That was never done, I believe, because the software
           | was matching the leadership's priors.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | > That was never done, I believe, because the software was
             | matching the leadership's priors.
             | 
             | That has to be the most egregious confirmation bias I've
             | heard about.
        
           | Maxious wrote:
           | I regret to inform you that not only is Fujitsu not banned
           | from UK government work, they're not even banned from
           | continuing the same project
           | https://www.publictechnology.net/2025/03/17/business-and-
           | ind...
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | Wow. That is the kind of thing that every reasonable person
             | should be calling their MP's office about daily.
        
               | spwa4 wrote:
               | What do you mean? The government very strongly responded
               | to this scandal, including having the person directly
               | responsible, who instructed the post office to hide proof
               | of the postmaster's innocence, appointed Commander of the
               | Order of the British Empire.
               | 
               | She has since been thrown under the bus, though, of
               | course, not prosecuted or imprisoned (despite ordering
               | wrongful prosecutions of over 900 others)
               | 
               | The politician responsible for her was Vince Cable, who
               | since became leader of the Liberal Democrats, and holds
               | 10 positions, most of which are either funded by the
               | government or related to it.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Indeed - the accepted mechanism to influence the range of
               | issues MPs care about (outside of election times) is to
               | bombard their office with communication until they have
               | no choice but to care. That is what needs to happen here.
        
             | wood_spirit wrote:
             | There has been a lot of questions just in the last few days
             | about Fujitsu continuing to bid for government contracts
             | even when they said they wouldn't. A random google result
             | https://www.politico.eu/article/post-office-scandal-hit-
             | fuji...
        
         | XTXinverseXTY wrote:
         | Forgive my indelicate question, but why _would_ someone buy a
         | PO franchise?
        
           | trollbridge wrote:
           | People buy into all kinds of money-losing businesses...
           | Edible Arrangements, Nothing Bundt Cakes, various multi-level
           | marketing type of schemes.
           | 
           | And yes, a lot of people are willing to go into debt to
           | effectively pay to have a job.
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | Running a pub is a time-honoured way to lose money in the
             | UK. They're essentially scams to steer the life savings of
             | the working class into the accounts of large breweries.
             | 
             | Edit: A timely news article:
             | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvg8llxmnx7o
        
           | skywhopper wrote:
           | Some folks like running a small shop, being their own boss,
           | and serving their neighborhood community.
        
           | loeg wrote:
           | Nevermind sibling comment about money-losing businesses,
           | there are many small business operations like this where a
           | substantial amount of capital buys a relatively moderate
           | paying retail job. Think things like Subway franchises, or
           | gas stations.
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | 1) The franchise actually does represent a decent amount of
           | stability and financial security for the franchisee. Well-run
           | locations typically could clear a modest profit for the
           | owner. These were not money losing franchises for the most
           | part (until the prosecutions started of course).
           | 
           | 2) The post offices were geographically distributed pretty
           | evenly throughout the UK so there were positions in far-flung
           | locations well outside London. In many of these communities
           | it was a good and stable job compared to what else was
           | available.
           | 
           | 3) Many of the postmasters reported liking working retail
           | positions where they get a lot of face time with customers.
           | In many small towns the post office was a central part of the
           | community.
        
             | OskarS wrote:
             | I bet number 3 on your list there is super-appealing to
             | many people. It sounds lovely to be the kind of person in a
             | smaller community that everyone knows and says hi to, that
             | helps you out with paying your bills or whatever it is. I'm
             | guessing you're also often the closest contact to the state
             | in a smaller village, so there's probably all sorts of
             | applications and permits you're asked to help out with.
             | 
             | Especially if you're on the older side, it sounds like an
             | absolutely wonderful way to spend your time. Assuming the
             | post office doesn't try to ruin your life afterwards.
        
             | mgkimsal wrote:
             | My inlaws ran a rural UK post office for a time (70s, maybe
             | early 80s?). I'm not sure how they got in to it, but seemed
             | to enjoy it while they did it. Small village, low volume of
             | foot traffic, etc. I got a sense it almost felt like a
             | civic duty, but I may be reading too much in to the earlier
             | conversations.
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | It might not be fully clear to the reader, but many of
             | these Post Office franchises are co-located with a Spar, or
             | other shop. People have to go to the Post Office (IME to a
             | greater extent than here in the US where I now live) and
             | they then shop for other items. Obviously, other businesses
             | tend to cluster around as well.
             | 
             | There are situations where franchisees don't offer other
             | services. These folks tend to be older and for most of the
             | life of the franchise haven't had the need for additional
             | income earlier in the life of the franchise. They don't
             | have the energy and don't want to take on the risk of
             | expanding now. When they retire, they'll probably close up
             | shop as their children have other jobs.
             | 
             | The rural Post Office where I grew up in the 80s and 90s
             | was accessible to a wide area just off the main road. It
             | served a wider area than the current one. The Postmistress'
             | family also farmed. When that closed the natural place to
             | setup was in the closes village because that was projected
             | to grow in population. That development would result in the
             | old Post Office building being knocked down to make way for
             | a dual carriageway. Eventually a few more Post Office
             | franchises appeared with their shops in that part of the
             | county.
             | 
             | People can read more at https://runapostoffice.co.uk/.
        
           | swarnie wrote:
           | Its in OPs comment
           | 
           | > a retail position and end up hopefully clearing a middle
           | class salary
           | 
           | Normal retail work is below the poverty line.
           | 
           | Beyond that i think it might be the social/community aspect.
           | I simply can't use the post office in my town as its used as
           | a social club for everyone over 70. Some people are just in
           | to that kinda thing i suppose.
        
           | carstout wrote:
           | Historically it wasnt a bad thing since it was an add on to
           | an existing shop. The general idea being that I would come in
           | to pick up my pension/tv licence or various other things the
           | PO used to be the source for and then spend it in the other
           | part of the shop.
        
             | gowld wrote:
             | Pick up a TV license! Something else no sane person would
             | do.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Why would someone buy a Subway franchise?
           | 
           | Demand for postal services is, on a long horizon, generally
           | more consistent than demand for any particular junk food.
           | 
           | The better question is: why the hell would the government
           | _sell_ a PO franchise?
        
         | ionwake wrote:
         | I found this comment insightful but I feel I must itirate (
         | maybe its not needed), that it is not "clear" if leadership
         | were ignorant, as you said, ( though Im sure you are part right
         | ), I have read that it was malicious leadership trying to
         | protect their own asses as per another comment.
        
           | jordanb wrote:
           | I don't mean to let the leadership off the hook. What they
           | did was profoundly wrong and they have blood on their hands.
           | 
           | There were two phases though: the initial rollout, and
           | sometime later the coverup.
           | 
           | If they had asked very reasonable questions about the
           | software during the rollout there would have been no need for
           | a coverup. No software rolls out without any bugs and it's
           | really reasonable to ask why so many post offices had missing
           | funds and if they were sure if it was real or not. The PO
           | leadership basically ignored all evidence that there were
           | bugs from the very beginning, and that makes no sense until
           | you realize that they were starting from the premise that the
           | postmasters are thieves and this software is going to catch
           | them.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | > No software rolls out without any bugs and it's really
             | reasonable to ask why so many post offices had missing
             | funds and if they were sure if it was real or not.
             | 
             | It would be reasonable, but that also assumes the ass-
             | covering started post rollout rather than pre rollout.
        
             | I_dream_of_Geni wrote:
             | >What they did was profoundly wrong and they have blood on
             | their hands.<
             | 
             | This, so much this. Not ONLY that but they kept DOUBLING
             | DOWN for YEARS.
             | 
             | I SO SO wish they would be held accountable for the pain,
             | suffering, Chapter 11's, AND the suicides.
        
           | horizion2025 wrote:
           | What I've seen so far suggest they were just ignorant and
           | victims of confirmational bias etc. You can see that when
           | they won some cases they wrote internally something to the
           | effect of "Final we can put to rest all those concerns about
           | these cases blablabla". So it became self-validating. Also
           | the courts and defense lawyers didn't manage to the see the
           | pattern and in the huge numbers of such cases. Each defendant
           | was fighting their own battle. Also, a mathematician from
           | Fujitsu gave "convincing" testimony they didn't have any
           | errors. A lot was down to lack of understanding of how
           | technology works. The fact that xx millions of transactions
           | were processed without errors doesn't preclude that there
           | could be errors in a small number, as was the case. In this
           | case sometimes coming down to random effects like if race
           | conditions were triggered.
        
             | ionwake wrote:
             | You're probably right--I just wanted to share a few
             | thoughts and would welcome any corrections or
             | clarification.
             | 
             | If I were in leadership, I'd assume there are edge cases
             | I'm missing and take responsibility accordingly. Id just
             | assume that is my job, as the leader, that is why I am
             | paid, to make important decisions and stop the company from
             | making big mistakes.
             | 
             | This isn't a critique of your view--just an observation:
             | there's a recurring theme on HN that leadership shouldn't
             | be held responsible when things break down, as if being a
             | CEO is just another job, not a position of accountability.
             | 
             | Where does this come from? Is it a uniquely American or
             | capitalist norm?
             | 
             | I recall ( i dont think incorrectly) 1980s Japanese
             | leadership--tech/auto who took failures so seriously they'd
             | resign or even mention/think of sudoku.
        
               | Anthony-G wrote:
               | Well, resigning to play sudoku is certainly preferable to
               | seppuku. :)
        
             | Brian_K_White wrote:
             | "victims of confirmational bias"
             | 
             | dude
        
               | ionwake wrote:
               | tbh thats what bothered me
        
             | 7952 wrote:
             | Organisations can be fiendishly good at cultivating this
             | kind of unaccountability. The software is managed by a
             | contractor, maybe a project management company, a local PM
             | team all of which focus on the performance of management
             | and maybe budgets and timelines. Then you have some
             | internal technical experts who just focus on the detail but
             | have no influence on the whole. When things go wrong it is
             | sent down a tech support ticketing system with multiple
             | tiered defenses to deflect complaints. At some point it
             | maybe gets to the point that an investigation is started.
             | But obviously it needs to be done by someone neutral and
             | independent who doesn't actually know the people involved
             | or necessarily the technical details. And they are
             | accountable not for outcomes but how closely they follow
             | policy. A policy written by people outside the normal chain
             | of command and no real skin in the game. At some point it
             | reaches a legal team and then everyone else takes a step
             | back. No one ever takes any responsibility beyond.an
             | occasional case review conducted in a collegial atmosphere
             | in a stuffy conference room by bored people. All the
             | structures are put in place with good intentions but just
             | protect people from actually having to make a decision and
             | accept consequences. Except for the poor soul on the front
             | line who only ever has consequences.
        
         | LightBug1 wrote:
         | Interesting insight. Thanks.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | These kinds of assumptions about fraud always make me wonder
         | about the folks in charge.
         | 
         | I was at a company acquired by silicon valley company. Our tech
         | support department was folded into another tech support
         | department. Immediately the folks in the valley were upset that
         | we closed more cases / had far higher customer satisfaction
         | scores ... by far. They made no secret that they assumed that
         | us mid-westerners doing the same job had to be inferior at the
         | same job.
         | 
         | Eventually a pool of managers in the valley developed a full
         | blown conspiracy theory that we were cooking the books by
         | making fake cases and so on. It just had to be that right? No
         | other explanation.
         | 
         | They finally got someone in an outside department to look into
         | it. They found folks closing cases prematurely and even
         | duplicating cases. The people doing it all worked for the
         | managers pointing fingers at everyone else ...
         | 
         | Sometimes the folks who talk about fraud think those things
         | because that's how they work.
        
           | partdavid wrote:
           | Accusations are often confessions.
        
         | njovin wrote:
         | So the PO creates a franchise program that they later decide
         | isn't suitable for any sane, good-faith actor, and instead of
         | revising the terms of the franchise program to make it so, they
         | assume that the participants are criminals and prosecute them?
        
           | flir wrote:
           | I see you've worked with a moribund bureaucracy before.
        
           | LiquidSky wrote:
           | > isn't suitable for any sane, good-faith actor
           | 
           | I think this is the parent's point: this is the POV of the
           | rich and powerful who lead the organization. They can't
           | imagine someone in a different position seeing these
           | franchises as a way to secure good (or at least decent),
           | long-term, stable employment.
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | The same way many think about welfare/unemployment/disability
           | schemes.
           | 
           | Constant hoops to jump through to prove they're looking for
           | work or still incapable.
           | 
           | Or in the case of illness to prove they're still sick.
           | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-59067101
        
             | citizenpaul wrote:
             | There is a rather famous book written on this subject.
             | 
             | Catch-22.
             | 
             | In order to be given disability you must jump through so
             | many hoops that no one whom is actually sick could complete
             | them. Or how in unemployment you must prove you must spend
             | your time proving you are looking for a job so you cannot
             | spend you time actually looking for a job. My personal fav
             | because its almost universal is sick-day policies that
             | codify 100% abuse of sick days because people are punished
             | for not using them because some people were "abusing" their
             | sick days.
             | 
             | In the case of the book to be discharged from military
             | service they must prove they are insane which no insane
             | person could complete.
        
               | viciousvoxel wrote:
               | Minor correction, but in the book the act of asking to be
               | discharged on account of insanity is taken as proof that
               | one is sane, because no sane person would want to keep
               | flying bombing missions day after day with low odds of
               | survival.
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Yeah but in the UK there actually _are_ lots of people
             | claiming benefits that probably shouldn 't be. Especially
             | Personal Independent Payments.
             | 
             | It's enough of an issue that even Labour (left wing) is
             | having to deal with it. Though as usual Starmer has
             | chickened out (I think this is like the third thing that
             | was obviously a good move that he's backed down on after
             | dumb backlash).
        
               | arranf wrote:
               | Can you provide sources for your claim?
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | If you're looking for hard numbers on how many people
               | shouldn't be getting them then you won't find it. Only
               | the government has access to the details of individual
               | claims.
               | 
               | However you can infer a lot from a) the insane rise in
               | claims, especially mental health related:
               | 
               | https://obr.uk/docs/box-chart-3-f.png
               | 
               | Has the mental health of the nation got _twice as bad_ in
               | 2 years? Obviously not.
               | 
               | And b) whenever the BBC does touchy feely profiles of
               | people there are always some weird red flags:
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cx2gpl4528go
               | 
               | PS400/month help with her bills because she struggles
               | with time management? I'm sympathetic to her problems but
               | that is a shit ton of money!
               | 
               | Even some of the people receiving it agree:
               | 
               | > "I was shocked by the ease with which it was granted. I
               | was expecting to be interviewed, rightly so, but it was
               | awarded without interview and he received backdated pay
               | for the maximum amount." > > She was also surprised that
               | her husband got mobility allowance for not having a car,
               | even though she had a car and could drive him around.
               | 
               | (This reminds me of WFA where plenty of people receiving
               | _that_ also thought it was ridiculous.)
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cn0ry09d50wo
               | 
               | > Paul Harris, from Barnard Castle, gets PS72.65 a week
               | in PIP payments to help with extra costs associated with
               | his anxiety and depression - such as for specialist
               | therapy apps and counselling.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cn4llx4kvv8o
               | 
               | > Nick Howard, 51, from Cambridge, is neurodivergent and
               | has been claiming Pip for five years. > > "Without Pip I
               | would not be able to work as it pays for my transport to
               | and from my workplace. > > "I'm currently buying an
               | electric bike on credit, others I have had have been
               | stolen or vandalised," he added.
               | 
               | Great... but I don't think paying PIP for 5 years is a
               | good way to buy someone a bike.
               | 
               | Obviously not all cases are like this, but clearly
               | something has gone wrong. And this isn't a partisan
               | issue. Both parties agree that it has to change. The
               | Tories just ignored the problem and Labour gave up after
               | predictable "N people will die!" press.
               | 
               | And to be clear I'm not anti-poor or anything like that.
               | I also thing WFA is ridiculous and that mostly goes to
               | the rich. Child benefit also goes to lots of people
               | (myself included) who totally don't need it. They all
               | need reform, but look what happens when the government
               | tries...
        
               | verall wrote:
               | Nothing sounds wrong to me in any of the cases you
               | mentioned?
               | 
               | > PS400/month help with her bills because she struggles
               | with time management? I'm sympathetic to her problems but
               | that is a shit ton of money!
               | 
               | PS4800/yr is a shit ton of money? Things must be pretty
               | rough over there!
               | 
               | > Child benefit also goes to lots of people (myself
               | included) who totally don't need it.
               | 
               | Is that a bad thing?
        
             | knowitnone wrote:
             | there is lots of welfare fraud. if you think money should
             | just be handed out without question then you start handing
             | your money out first.
        
             | wagwang wrote:
             | Well yes, you're trying to take money from other people, of
             | course you need to prove that you need it.
        
               | jacksnipe wrote:
               | Sorry, but citation needed. Means testing might seem
               | "obvious" from first principles, but from a policy point
               | of view, it makes little to no sense.
               | 
               | The macroeconomic effects of welfare programs create a
               | society that is better for everyone to live in. Reducing
               | the issue to a matter of personal responsibility is a
               | reframing that allows you to completely lose sight of the
               | big picture, and create programs that are destined to
               | fail by not reaching many of the people they need to.
        
               | stretchwithme wrote:
               | Citation needed for the right to other people's money.
               | 
               | Government running charity interferes with the normal
               | feedback in society. And the need to ask politely,
               | justify one's apparently bad decisions and change failing
               | behavior.
               | 
               | People become "entitled" to regular cash so a lot of the
               | fear that ordinarily motivates the rest of us goes away.
               | 
               | Any system that asks nothing of people is a bad system.
               | 
               | I grew up on welfare. I've also seen how a lot of people
               | on welfare actually live and how they spend their time.
               | They don't spend it cleaning, I can tell you that.
        
               | LocalH wrote:
               | Administration of means testing is often more expensive
               | than doing away with the means testing.
               | 
               | How about UBI coupled with repealing the minimum wage?
        
               | tenacious_tuna wrote:
               | I would rather we have a system that is too generous and
               | gets taken advantage of than one that is too parsimonious
               | where people die for want of food and shelter that we
               | could provide for them.
               | 
               | We exist in a world where people can be unable to work or
               | even advocate for themselves through no fault of their
               | own. As we raise the bar for how people have to prove
               | that they "need" help, there will be people who die
               | because they don't have the capacity to prove that. In
               | theory we have social workers (as a societal role) but in
               | reality they're underfunded/don't have capacity for the
               | same reasons.
               | 
               | This feels like the same moral argument behind the
               | presumption of innocence in the American legal system:
               | far better to let criminals walk free than to falsely
               | imprison an innocent person. Why do we not apply the same
               | logic to welfare?
               | 
               | I mean, I know why: we're worried the system would get
               | taken advantage of and not serve the people it's "meant"
               | to help.... but then, who does it help? How much effort
               | is it worth making people spend to prove they need help
               | when that effort comes with a blood cost?
               | 
               | I agree with GP that welfare systems make for better
               | societies--see also, public healthcare. I have several
               | friends who are alive because of welfare systems. I grew
               | up with people whose family squandered the welfare they
               | got, but I don't view that as sufficient reason to
               | withhold welfare from anyone else; I just accept that's
               | the cost of a system that helps people.
        
               | h2zizzle wrote:
               | The general logic is that money is going to be taken from
               | people no matter what (crime, expensive late
               | interventions, etc.) and that relatively preventative
               | measures are preferable because they cost less while
               | preserving the social contract.
        
         | forinti wrote:
         | That's interesting. I read a lot about this case, but I don't
         | recall anything along these lines.
         | 
         | This does explain why the leadership was so stubborn.
        
         | sarreph wrote:
         | This is a salient observation that I don't think has been
         | presented bluntly enough by the media or popular culture (such
         | as Mr Bates Vs The Post Office).
         | 
         | The UK is class-obsessed, which is not as immediately clear to
         | the rest of the world (especially US). Lends a lot of credence
         | to your theory.
        
           | klik99 wrote:
           | As a cultural mutt between US and UK, I think UK is "class-
           | aware" and US is more obsessed with the idea that if we all
           | wear jeans then class isn't a thing. I see the same class
           | contempt in US as the UK, and not recognizing it for what it
           | is keeps people divided.
        
             | sarreph wrote:
             | I agree that contempt arises in both cultures. My point
             | about the UK was more around the phenomenon that the class
             | "obsession" stems from the notion that somebody's class in
             | the UK is ostensibly immutable from birth. (It is my
             | impression that class in the US is much more about money;
             | your status and class can be correlated / increased by your
             | level of wealth).
             | 
             | In the UK it doesn't really matter if you become a
             | millionaire or billionaire, you still won't be able to
             | perforate the perception of "where you came from". This
             | leads to all kinds of baseless biases such as OP's
             | observation / point.
        
               | comprev wrote:
               | From my experience living most of my life in the UK from
               | birth there is an element of truth to class being
               | immutable - being directly linked to money and the status
               | of property ownership - for now anyway.
               | 
               | The Thatcher years created an opportunity for working
               | class (who traditionally lived in rent controlled
               | properties due to low income) to purchase their houses
               | for pennies on the dollar.
               | 
               | Suddenly, millions of families felt they had moved up a
               | class. They were no longer at the mercy of landlords and
               | had moved up in society from a tenant to an owner.
               | 
               | The traditional three tiers of lower, middle and upper
               | class changed to lower, lower-middle, upper-middle and
               | upper.
               | 
               | From my observations the lower-middle class are still
               | adjusting not to having money but rather _access_ to
               | money previously denied. Having equity in a property as a
               | guarantee of a loan opens up a world previously off
               | limits by the banks.
               | 
               | A bit like when someone turns 18 and they have access to
               | credit cards - lots of cash easily available!
               | 
               | I come from a family where (with the exception of a
               | mortgage), if you can't pay for something in cash (and
               | still have plenty in reserve), you can't afford it. My
               | folks were very proud of raising a family with zero debts
               | (minus the mortgage), and I'm forever thankful.
               | 
               | The families I knew (and by extension others living on
               | the typical "cookie cutter" UK housing estate) were
               | swimming in debt. What surprised me the most was how
               | "normal" it was - 3yr (or less) car on the drive; massive
               | flatscreen TVs (in 2007); multiple cruise holidays per
               | year; flying off to a warm destination mid-winter.
               | 
               | Many of them said when they were younger they never
               | experienced such things and told stories of growing up in
               | near poverty. Going into debt for holidays and having a
               | new car on the drive was normalised.
               | 
               | These were nurses, postmen, truck drivers, retail staff,
               | hospitality etc. all traditional working class jobs with
               | low salary expectations.
               | 
               | They were trying desperately to _appear_ like they were
               | middle class at whatever cost.
               | 
               | I'm of the belief it will still take a few generations
               | before the wave of lower-middle class learn that it's not
               | about having a new car on the drive but rather having
               | that cash in the bank as savings - and a significantly
               | cheaper (& older) car on the drive.
               | 
               | And yet the UK school system doesn't teach pupils about
               | sensible financial matters - we all rely on our parents
               | to guide us - so escaping the "buy it now on credit"
               | mentality will be easier said that done!
        
               | klik99 wrote:
               | Yes, this is mostly true - class is thought of as
               | upbringing in UK and it's malleable in US. But you can
               | still be rich and low class in the US, there are a ton of
               | class signifiers in US but it's more like a club that you
               | get inducted into, money just gets you the chance to try
               | to enter that world. Increasingly though it's something
               | you're born into.
        
         | klik99 wrote:
         | Someone brought this up in a previous HN comment section as an
         | example of trust in software ruining peoples lives. But your
         | explanation is far more human and recontextualizes it a bit for
         | me - it just happened to be that this was done with software,
         | but the real motivation was contempt for the lower classes and
         | could have easily have happened 100 years ago with an internal
         | investigation task force.
         | 
         | Growing up half in England and US I feel British culture is
         | more attuned to the class aspects to this kind of event.
         | Traditionally America likes to pretend this kind of class
         | contempt doesn't exist (think of, people on welfare angry at
         | welfare queens, unaware they will be affected by legislation
         | they support).
        
           | AceJohnny2 wrote:
           | > _Traditionally America likes to pretend this kind of class
           | contempt doesn 't exist_
           | 
           | It just manifests as racism.
        
         | pipes wrote:
         | I've been following this since the guardian wrote about it,
         | maybe 2011 or 2013 (private eye was earlier) It was insane. I
         | couldn't understand the lack of fuss. Maybe it is because as a
         | programmer I guess that 95 percent of all software is complete
         | shit and most of the developers don't know or don't care.
         | 
         | You've hit the nail on the head "why would anyone want a middle
         | class life" yeah they have never known anything less than that.
         | 
         | The other factor to me is the careerism, all that matters is
         | the project success, who cares if the riff raff end up
         | committing suicide. Honestly listening to some of the tapes of
         | those meetings makes me feel sick. Thing is, I think so many
         | career orientated people I know wouldn't even consider that
         | what went on in the meetings was beyond the pale. It's black
         | mirror level.
         | 
         | I'm from Ireland, but I live on "mainland Britain" the UK class
         | system is mind boggling. I think the establishment here
         | despises the "great unwashed". God help any working class
         | person who ends up in the courts system.
         | 
         | One final thing, Paula Vennells was an ordained church
         | minister. She was preaching while she was overseeing the
         | destruction of so many innocent hardworking people.
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Vennells
         | 
         | I don't know why that makes this all worse but some how it
         | does. Somehow it speaks to what the UK is or has become.
         | 
         | I doubt she'll get the prison time she deserves. Actually I
         | doubt she'll serve any time at all.
        
           | boppo1 wrote:
           | Where can I listen to these tapes, particularly the ones you
           | describe as black-mirror level?
        
         | dimal wrote:
         | Interesting how supposed fraud from lower class people is a
         | high priority that must be punished, but fraud from upper class
         | people is almost always protected by the corporate veil.
        
           | m101 wrote:
           | Let's not even talk about the financial crisis
        
         | thom wrote:
         | The purpose of a system is what it does.
        
           | jstanley wrote:
           | Conversely, https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/come-on-
           | obviously-the-purpo...
        
         | Kinrany wrote:
         | How good or bad of a decision was it in reality? E.g. what was
         | the real salary on top of what one would earn from investing in
         | index?
        
       | cman82 wrote:
       | For an excellent in-depth look at the scandal, I recommend Nick
       | Wallis's book The Great Post Office Scandal. I read this soon
       | after it came out and was wondering why it hadn't caused a
       | national uproar. It was only the miniseries that prompted the
       | required outrage.
        
         | rossant wrote:
         | Yes, many scandals stay under the radar until a good book, film
         | or series reaches millions at once. I hope the same happens
         | with another subject close to my heart [1, 2]. A Netflix film
         | on a related topic a few years ago already had a huge impact
         | [3]. It focused on one case, but by the end of the movie it is
         | clear that many others are similarly affected.
         | 
         | [1] https://cambridgeblog.org/2023/05/a-journey-into-the-
         | shaken-...
         | 
         | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37650402
         | 
         | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Take_Care_of_Maya
        
       | nickelpro wrote:
       | The bug is hardly the problem here, it is necessary but far from
       | sufficient for something like this to happen.
       | 
       | The UK legal system's ability to prosecute and penalize people
       | without anything more than circumstantial evidence makes it unfit
       | for purpose. It should be an embarrassment to a country that
       | considers itself a member of the developed Western world.
        
         | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
         | >The UK legal system's ability to prosecute and penalize people
         | without anything more than circumstantial evidence makes it
         | unfit for purpose.
         | 
         | This defect is present in all justice systems to some degree or
         | another. For that matter, most crimes (serious or otherwise)
         | rarely have the sort of smoking gun evidence that would satisfy
         | us all that it wasn't circumstantial. Worse still, when the
         | evidence isn't circumstantial, it's still usually testimonial
         | in nature... some witness is on the stand at trial, describing
         | what they saw. Or, perhaps more accurately, misinterpreting
         | what they saw/remember.
         | 
         | The only difference this time around is that they were
         | misinterpreting what their software logic meant.
        
           | nickelpro wrote:
           | I recommend you read the report. The charges were brought
           | solely on the claimed accounting shortfalls with no further
           | evidence that the postmasters and sub-postmasters did
           | anything wrong, not even an attempt to discover where the
           | money had gone or anything resembling forensic accounting
           | that would be required in similar US cases.
           | 
           | In the most shocking case, with Martin Griffiths, there were
           | attempts to hold him responsible for robbery loses he had
           | absolutely nothing to do with:
           | 
           | > On 2 May 2013 a robbery occurred at the Post Office which
           | resulted in a net loss to the Post Office of PS38,504.96,
           | which was reduced to PS15,845 after some of the money was
           | recovered. Mr Griffiths was injured during the robbery; he
           | was present in the branch when it occurred. The Post Office
           | Investigator advised the Post Office that Mr Griffiths was
           | partly to blame for the loss sustained by the Post Office and
           | that he should be held responsible for part of the loss. [1]
           | 
           | Such a claim wouldn't even be colorable in most
           | jurisdictions.
           | 
           | I disagree that anything similar could happen at this scale
           | in the US or France. Individual cases might not be handled
           | perfectly, but this is a _systemic_ miscarriage of justice
           | where at every turn individuals were prosecuted without any
           | evidence of individual wrongdoing. It was believed money was
           | missing, no attempt was made to discover how it went missing,
           | and the post-masters were held responsible without further
           | inquiry. The legal system upheld these non-findings as facts
           | and _convicted_ people based upon them.
           | 
           | [1]: Post Office Horizon IT Inquiry, 3.49
        
             | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
             | >> On 2 May 2013 a robbery occurred at the Post Office
             | which resulted in a net loss to the Post Office of
             | PS38,504.96, which was reduced to PS15,845 after some of
             | the money was recovered. Mr Griffiths was injured during
             | the robbery; he was present in the branch when it occurred.
             | The Post Office Investigator advised the Post Office that
             | Mr Griffiths was partly to blame for the loss sustained by
             | the Post Office and that he should be held responsible for
             | part of the loss. [1]
             | 
             | This is hilarious... in the land of "you can't defend
             | yourself or especially your property", he was _partly to
             | blame_. That one is hilarious.
             | 
             | >I disagree that anything similar could happen at this
             | scale in the US or France.
             | 
             | In the US, the US Mail is sacred, so I agree it could never
             | be attacked like this. But other industries, other
             | scenarios? That level of prosecutorial malfeasance isn't
             | unusual at all. I will concede that the _scale_ of it may
             | differ, but only because I have no ready examples, not
             | because I believe that there is some sort of safeguard that
             | would prevent it.
        
       | kypro wrote:
       | I know this is only tangentially relevant, but as someone who
       | lives in the UK the inhuman and process driven nature of the way
       | the state operates today is terrifying to me.
       | 
       | Several times in recent years I've had people significantly
       | financially and emotionally affected by what amounts to just
       | fairly minor errors of judgement that the state treats as
       | deliberate criminal acts and will follow up on with absolutely no
       | human judgement or compassion.
       | 
       | An obvious example of this is tax law which despite being
       | extremely complicated is followed by the state with no human
       | consideration for individual circumstances. I guess upper-middle-
       | class people must just know from osmosis every letter of UK tax
       | code, but I've had so many people in my family not realise that
       | they need to fill tax returns for certain things like Bitcoin
       | disposals, OnlyFans earnings, eBay gains, income from helping
       | neighbours with building/gardening work, etc... And the state can
       | be absolutely fucking brutal when you make a mishap like this.
       | They do not give a crap about intention or whether you've
       | otherwise been a law abiding citizen. Case in point is HMRCs name
       | and shame list which I believe was intended to name and shame
       | high-profile tax evaders, but has basically just become a list of
       | working class dudes who (perhaps stupidly in our eyes) didn't
       | realise they had to manually file tax returns on their income.
       | 
       | Even extremely mediocre things are treated with brutal
       | enforcement... For example, a street by mine recently changed
       | from 30mph to 20mph overnight and this resulted in literally
       | thousands of people being caught exceeding the speed limit by
       | 10mph. There was no understanding that these people obviously
       | didn't expect the speed limit to randomly change over night,
       | instead they were all sent a letter from the government stating
       | the government's intent to prosecute them for their offence...
       | Any human would have thought, hm, yeah the fact thousands of
       | people were caught when we made this change might imply that
       | people didn't deliberately exceed the speed limit but we didn't
       | make it clear enough that it had changed.
       | 
       | Obviously this is a totally different magnitude to what these
       | people went through, but again I think it's all a result of
       | overly systematic rule following that makes people feel
       | completely powerless when the state decides they've done
       | something wrong. There's absolutely nothing you can do to say,
       | "hey, you know me... I wouldn't do this. You've made a mistake."
       | Nope, sorry computer says no, and that's the end of it.
       | 
       | I get what I'm suggesting here isn't practical and this is just a
       | side-effect of a large state which must depersonalise and
       | systematise everything, but when you're a person caught on the
       | wrong side of that system it's fucking scary because no one will
       | listen to you or relate to you as a human being. And everyone you
       | talk to can ruin your life at the click of a button and you know
       | it's their job to do it when the system tells them that's what
       | they must do.
       | 
       | Obviously these people had some legal assumption of innocence,
       | but on a human level the assumption was always that they couldn't
       | be trusted and were criminals. If you've ever experienced this
       | before, where it's just assumed that you are guilty because of
       | some faulty or misleading information it's psychologically
       | brutal. You feel helpless, powerless and you're treated as if you
       | lack humanity. It's horrible feeling and completely unsurprising
       | to me these people decided to do the only thing they could
       | reasonably do to take back control of their lives.
       | 
       | Sadly we'll learn nothing from this.
        
       | lysace wrote:
       | I was curious so I looked into it: It looks like about 10x the
       | average UK suicide rate (assuming "the worst case": all male, 40+
       | over about a decade. In reality some percentage of the about 1000
       | wrongfully accused will be female, of course).
        
       | foota wrote:
       | This is horrifying.
        
       | bn-l wrote:
       | There is something very rotten about this country. It's like the
       | heart of it has rotted out totally.
        
       | horizion2025 wrote:
       | A big issue is that the British post office could itself act as
       | the prosecutor. Other entities reporting a crime need to convince
       | the public prosecutor before there even is a case, but due to
       | hundred years old traditions the Post Office had the right act as
       | its own prosecutor. Effectively the same problem as in the
       | LLoyd's scandal where LLoyd's effectively was its own regulator.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | We've chased all of the smart people out of government. You're
       | more likely to find a smart person working as a cook the local
       | fried chicken restaurant than you are to find one in government.
       | It has to be said. And you'll all find that it's true if you pay
       | attention. Those of you who have been paying attention already
       | noticed this.
        
       | Nifty3929 wrote:
       | What boggles my mind is that so many of us still thing more
       | government is the way to address problems. The fact is, humans
       | are human, and work in both government and in business. But a
       | business cannot put you in jail or unilaterally freeze all your
       | money.
       | 
       | A business can accuse you of a crime, but they will be very
       | careful before they do as the consequences of bring wrong are
       | very severe - for a business. Corporations can fire you or sell
       | your data or send you targeted adds. But the risks associated
       | with government are far worse.
        
       | monksy wrote:
       | Don't forget her name: Paula Vennells (Royal Mail CEO). She went
       | on record to state there was no issue despite reports.
       | 
       | I'm sure we're see justice for her actions. /s
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paula_Vennells
       | 
       | Remember her: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPYo_gq329w
        
         | martin-t wrote:
         | Lying should be punishable according to max(expected harm,
         | indended harm, actual harm).
         | 
         | Making factual statements from a position of power without
         | making sure they are correct is lying.
        
         | game_the0ry wrote:
         | Wow, that video was hard to watch.
         | 
         | She needs to go to jail yesterday.
        
       | patrickdavey wrote:
       | I think that "Mr Bates vs the post office"
       | (https://m.imdb.com/title/tt27867155/) should be required
       | watching for software developers.
       | 
       | It was an internal developer bearing witness that made a material
       | difference here. If you're the developer logging in to fix errors
       | and the postmaster scandal is in full swing, then it's time to
       | look at being a whistleblower. If you're the developer writing
       | code to hack emissions tests in cars, again, look at your ethics.
        
       | lesser-shadow wrote:
       | U.K gov try not to be hilariously evil challenge:impossible.
       | 
       | But honestly I'm not even slightly surprised as this is coming
       | from the same "people" who invented the window tax.
        
       | rmk wrote:
       | This is why there should be tort law in England and other common
       | law locales.
        
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