[HN Gopher] No One Is in Charge at the US Copyright Office
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       No One Is in Charge at the US Copyright Office
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 109 points
       Date   : 2025-06-28 17:20 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wired.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wired.com)
        
       | wfleming wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/MF378
        
       | mouse_ wrote:
       | The purpose of copyright has evolved from protecting creators to
       | mass oppression.
       | 
       | AI is way better at mass oppression, however, and copyright is a
       | threat to it, so it (copyright) will be dismantled.
        
         | eikenberry wrote:
         | Killing off copyrights, if it does, would be a big win for AI.
        
           | chisleu wrote:
           | Meh, AI doesn't have to kill copyrights. The two oppressive
           | systems will find a way to unite into something worse than
           | either of them alone.
        
         | martin-t wrote:
         | The idea of actual AI being used by governments (or just rich
         | people) to spy on everyone, profile them, shape their ideas
         | through targeted manipulation[0] and eliminate undesirable ones
         | through social (destroying reputation), psychological (driving
         | to suicide) or physical (killbots) means is way scarier than
         | being turned into a paperclip.
         | 
         | [0]: Not just or fake videos or comments. Do you have someone
         | on the internet you consider a friend but have never met in
         | person? In the future, rich people or governments will be able
         | to plant ideas in people and influence their thinking by
         | generating fake friends.
        
       | mslansn wrote:
       | Isn't this what this website has always wanted?
        
         | chisleu wrote:
         | Not this way
        
         | latexr wrote:
         | No? Copyright reform, sure, copyright abolished, maybe, but an
         | uncertain future which may result in worse laws overall? Not
         | really.
        
           | redwall_hp wrote:
           | Also consider that Thomas and Alito dissented in the
           | Google/Oracle ruling, and wrote something inflammatory, to
           | the effect of it being unreasonable that Google was being
           | allowed to infringe upon Oracle's copyrighted code (by
           | implementing a compatible API). And that was before the
           | Supreme Court was stacked with more like-minded people.
           | 
           | Not having sensible people steering copyright in a direction
           | toward winding down its scope is being paired with a court
           | that's likely to make it far more draconian, and create some
           | massive problems that will be a problem for software
           | development.
        
         | unsnap_biceps wrote:
         | There's a huge difference between "We don't want copyrights"
         | and "We're just going to have no one enforcing laws for a
         | random period of time and it's unknown if there will be
         | historic enforcement activities if/when that changes"
        
         | eikenberry wrote:
         | Reform would be best, abolishment would be better and status
         | quo would be worst. Of course there's always making things even
         | worse... but we're talking about what people want, not what
         | might happen.
        
         | bruce511 wrote:
         | Simplistically yes, because many see copyright as the thing
         | that protects corporate interest from the social hacker.
         | 
         | The reality of course is more complicated. Without copyright
         | there's no GPL. Which I guess is fine if you're in the OSS camp
         | more than the FSF camp. MIT and BSD licenses basically
         | (functionally) give up copyright.
         | 
         | Copyright is also what allows for hybrids like the BSL which
         | protect "little guys" from large cloud providers like AWS etc.
         | 
         | Copyright allows VC startups to at least start out life as Open
         | Source (before pivoting later.)
         | 
         | Of course thus is all in the context of software copyright.
         | Other copyrights (music, books etc) are equally nuanced.
         | 
         | And there are other forms of IP protections as well (patents,
         | trademarks) which are distinct from the copyright concept.
         | 
         | So no, I don't think most people here are against copyright
         | (patents are a different story.)
        
           | ronsor wrote:
           | 1. I'm OK with no GPL if there's no copyright, because then
           | proprietary programs can be copied and reverse engineered
           | without restrictions from law or EULAs.
           | 
           | 2. I generally don't like the BSL.
           | 
           | 3. No comment. I think OSS projects that exist incidentally
           | versus being the company's main product have always been more
           | reliable (and less susceptible to the company pivoting to
           | closed-only offerings).
           | 
           | 4. Copyright has perhaps been the most evil in the music
           | industry; books, less so. I'd rather not even talk about
           | movies or TV right now. Nonetheless, I'd tolerate an
           | extremely limited duration copyright, if no copyright at all
           | isn't an option.
           | 
           | 5. Trademarks are mostly fine, because they're primarily
           | supposed to serve customers, not the companies. I'd like to
           | get rid of patents now, however.
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | GPL was always about fighting the system with its own tools.
           | The end goal is not good licenses but free software as a
           | baseline.
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | How else would you enforce Free Software, though? Without
             | copyright, I cannot release the source to my software and
             | require _anything_ of any recipient.
             | 
             | It would be nice of FOSS was the baseline, but I don't see
             | that ever happening, especially in a world without an
             | enforcement mechanism.
        
               | Karliss wrote:
               | That's the thing you don't need to enforce anything if
               | there is no law which forbids you from doing things. It's
               | the copyright law which restricts you from doing most of
               | the things that GPL license gives you permission. GPL
               | gives you back the rights to copy, modify, create
               | derivative works and redistribute any GPL licensed
               | software you receive. Without copyright law you could
               | copy, modify, create derivative works and redistribute
               | any software you receive.
               | 
               | Sure having source code would be nice, but then again
               | half the software nowadays is using electron and written
               | in javascript anyway. Also plenty of examples of hardware
               | manufacturers using software/firmware copyright as excuse
               | and making legal threats to people who have made their
               | own software to control hardware they bought even though
               | they didn't have access to original source code.
               | 
               | There are probably more examples of people reverse
               | engineering an reimplementing or decompiling large
               | nontrivial software than there examples of companies
               | making their whole software open source due to using a
               | GPL licensed library (as opposed to avoiding the GPL
               | licensed code or violating the GPL by not releasing the
               | source code).
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | > companies making their whole software open source due
               | to using a GPL licensed library
               | 
               | Does not mean that GPL is ineffective. IT forces them to
               | reimplement the functionality, thus giving copyleft more
               | time to compete with them. Imagine if they were to free
               | to take all public code and just use it. They would
               | always be ahead and open source products wouldn't stand a
               | chance competing.
               | 
               | Not to mention I feel like GPL being so strong is why big
               | companies pretend to love open source but permissive
               | licenses so much - to drown out the GPL competition they
               | hate so much and to attract more developers to permissive
               | rather than copyleft open source projects.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _you don 't need to enforce anything if there is no law
               | which forbids you from doing things_
               | 
               | This is extend-and-extinguish on rails. Raise capital,
               | hire a team to fork a public project, develop is closed
               | and only release inscrutable blobs. Add a marketing
               | budget and you get to piggyback on the open-source
               | project while keeping the monetisation.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | You release that blob what stops others just copying it?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _You release that blob what stops others just copying
               | it?_
               | 
               | Obfuscation techniques. Compatibility updates. Hell,
               | hardware-enforced DRM.
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | "This website" is a sweeping statement for a group of people
         | who have a wide range of views on this.
         | 
         | If I was to guess, I would imagine most on here believe in
         | _some_ copyright, and not total anarchy.
        
         | standardUser wrote:
         | Reform comes through legislation, not through executive
         | incompetence and malfeasance.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | "This website" is a diverse bunch of people with diverse goals
         | and policy positions. Please don't make generalizations.
         | 
         | Copyright in its current form is ridiculous, but I support some
         | (much-pared-back) version of copyright that limits rights
         | further, expands fair use, repeals the DMCA, and reduces the
         | copyright term to something on the order of 15-20 years
         | (perhaps with a renewal option as with patents).
         | 
         | I've released a lot of software under the GPL, and the GPL in
         | its current form couldn't exist without copyright.
        
           | __loam wrote:
           | The top comment in this thread is about deprecating copyright
        
             | izacus wrote:
             | And the dumb strawman the post is answering to isnt.
        
           | martin-t wrote:
           | Current copyright is too strong in terms of length but too
           | weak in terms of derived work. Well, pending some lawsuits,
           | perhaps.
           | 
           | What copyright should do is protect individual creators, not
           | corporations. And it should protect them even if their work
           | is mixed through complex statistical algorithms such as LLMs.
           | 
           | LLMs wouldn't be possible without _trillions_ of hours of
           | work by people writing books, code, music, etc. they are
           | trained on. The _millions_ of hours of work spent on the
           | training algorithm itself, the chat interface, the scraping
           | scripts, etc. is barely a drop in the bucket.
           | 
           | There is 0 reason the people who spent mere millions of hours
           | of work should get all the reward without giving anything to
           | the rest of the world who put in trillions of hours.
        
             | monetus wrote:
             | Indefinite royalties on Spotify are one thing, but how are
             | they supposed to work in neural nets? Dividing equal share
             | based on inputs would require the company to potentially
             | expose proprietary information. Basing it on outputs could
             | make sense as well I suppose, but would take some slightly
             | ridiculous work for an arguable result.
             | 
             | Your point remains, but the problem of the division of
             | responsibility and financial credit doesn't go away with
             | that alone. Do you know if the openAI lawsuits have laid
             | this out?
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | I admit, rewarding work fairly is very difficult with
               | perfect information, much more with proprietary models
               | and training data.
               | 
               | With code, some licenses are compatible, for example you
               | could take a model trained on GPL and MIT code, and use
               | it to produce GPL code. (The resulting model would _of
               | course_ also be a derivative work licensed under the
               | GPL.) That satisfies the biggest elephant in the room -
               | giving users their rights to inspect and modify the code.
               | Giving credit to individual authors is more difficult
               | though.
               | 
               | I haven't been following the lawsuits much, I am
               | powerless to influence them and having written my fair
               | share of GPL and AGPL code, this whole LLM thing feels
               | like being spat in the face.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | Your approach will be completely untenable in future when
             | we'll have embodied LLMs capable of dynamically learning
             | (live weight updates). It'd make it illegal for such a
             | machine to read any book, watch any movie or browse any
             | webpage, because it could potentially memorise and
             | regurgitate the content. Which would be completely
             | impossible to enforce.
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | Please, don't anthropomorphize it. A model does not
               | "read" a book - an algorithm updates weights which are
               | _based on_ (therefore derivative work) existing training
               | data. Basing them on more work performed by other people
               | does not make it less derivative.
               | 
               | It's not only about regurgitation verbatim. Doing that
               | just means it gets caught more easily.
               | 
               | LLMs are just another way the uber rich try to exploit
               | everyone, hoping that if they exploit every single
               | person's work just a little, they will get away with it.
               | 
               | Nobody is 1000x more productive than the average
               | programmer at writing code. There is no reason somebody
               | should make 1000x more money from it either.
        
         | welder wrote:
         | You're confusing Copyright (implementation) with Patent (idea).
         | 
         | We don't like gatekeeping ideas because many people have the
         | same ideas.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | Copyright is mostly privately enforced. The USPTO being
         | dysfunctional doesn't prevent me from suing someone for
         | infringement, it just sucks informed voices out of that room.
        
       | ronsor wrote:
       | Copyright is finally being deprecated as it should be.
       | 
       | I'm still waiting for an update on the final removal timeline.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | > _Copyright is finally being deprecated as it should be._
         | 
         | If you hide behind corporations and have millions of dollars,
         | sure, but not for us normies it isn't.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | That's a dangerous assumption to make. Dropping staffing levels
         | at the US copyright office doesn't change the law. The next
         | administration (or even this one, given how fickle Trump can
         | be) may ramp up enforcement again and go after people
         | committing violations during the current period.
         | 
         | And it's not like copyright outside the US is a wild west; most
         | national and international copyright regimes in the developed
         | world are based on the US's system (often because the US has
         | strong-armed other countries to comply).
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | How does the copyright office enforce the law?
        
             | Brian_K_White wrote:
             | They don't have to. youtube and every other company are
             | doing it for them, only without any of that annoying due
             | process or assumption of innocense or burden of proof or
             | right to recourse or any of that stuff a real public legal
             | process should have.
        
           | tw04 wrote:
           | > go after people committing violations
           | 
           | At this point it's a bold assumption they'll go after people
           | violating anything. It's become apparent the decade of
           | accusations of "weaponizing government" was a projection and
           | the only people they'll go after are people they consider
           | enemies, whether they're breaking any laws or not.
           | 
           | That's the beautiful part of a puppet Supreme Court, you
           | don't actually need to worry about the laws, you can just
           | make it up as you go.
        
           | like_any_other wrote:
           | > Dropping staffing levels at the US copyright office doesn't
           | change the law.
           | 
           | We see this at the patent office, where overworked patent
           | examiners leads to _more_ junk patents being granted. Which
           | is utterly backwards, and stems from viewing patents as
           | something the applicant has earned and needing a good
           | justification to deny them the fruits of their labor, and not
           | as what they are - an enormous restriction on everyone else.
        
         | __loam wrote:
         | Software engineers and tech workers will make their living off
         | producing IP then say shit like this.
        
           | idle_zealot wrote:
           | > You criticize society and yet you participate in it. How
           | curious.
        
             | coderatlarge wrote:
             | without siding with the perspective being voiced, i feel
             | compelled to point out your comment sounds like you believe
             | there is a real alternative to criticize yet participate.
             | even if you attempt to disengage and decide to go live in a
             | cabin in the woods off the grid, the irs and any number of
             | other agencies will go after you and your loved ones for
             | doing basic human things like having and raising kids in a
             | non-sanctioned way. so is there really any practical
             | alternative to just voicing dissent?
        
             | __loam wrote:
             | The alternative is corporations stealing your work with no
             | recourse.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | There are two broad classes of software people write.
           | 
           | One is general purpose software used by significant numbers
           | of people. This is the sort of software that could be, should
           | be, and often already is open source. Enough people use it to
           | sustain a community around maintaining it, and then you don't
           | have to deal with the overhead and rent seeking incentives
           | created by proprietary software. Obvious advantage: No more
           | ads in the start menu.
           | 
           | The other is custom code. Now "IP protection" is pretty
           | worthless, because the company employing you is the only one
           | that wants or uses the thing, or they're a SaaS company not
           | interested in publishing or licensing the code to anyone else
           | anyway.
           | 
           | Neither of these has a strong need for IP laws and moreover
           | either of them would do fine under a regime where there is no
           | extrajudicial DMCA takedown process or anti-circumvention law
           | and copyright terms last 14 years, but you can still sue a
           | company that violates the GPL or fails to pay you for
           | services rendered.
        
         | rurp wrote:
         | It's being deprecated _for billionaires_. IP laws are one of
         | the most blatant cases I 've seen in this country of wealthy
         | connected people being immune from laws that affect everyone
         | else. I know it happens in many other areas, but usually it's
         | much quieter and less in the public's face.
        
         | gametorch wrote:
         | Yes. I am an anti-copyright extremist.
         | 
         | May the best implementation win.
         | 
         | Otherwise, everyone loses out so that one individual can
         | artificially collect rent through a government-enforced
         | monopoly.
         | 
         |  _Accelerate._
        
           | ordinaryradical wrote:
           | I write novels. What am I supposed to do to earn in this new,
           | copyright-free regime where anyone is free to "implement" my
           | novels?
        
             | idle_zealot wrote:
             | Attract an audience and ask for patronage or get a job
             | writing on behalf of an employer.
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | So basically instead of doing real work (positive sum
               | games - producing value), everyone has to either:
               | 
               | a) invest more and more energy into self-promotion,
               | advertisement, etc. (zero- or negative-sum games)
               | 
               | or
               | 
               | b) flat out give a part of their income to people who are
               | already richer than them?
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | > a) invest more and more energy into self-promotion,
               | advertisement, etc. (zero- or negative-sum games)
               | 
               | How is advertising a book you've written and are selling
               | different than advertising your writing or skills to
               | potential patrons and clients with regard to being
               | negative-sum?
               | 
               | b) flat out give a part of their income to people who are
               | already richer than them?
               | 
               | Who said anything about the relative wealth or patrons
               | and authors? People seem totally willing to subscribe to
               | people whose creative output they value. Sometimes such
               | patronage is barely enough to live, sometimes it's an
               | impressive total sum.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Leads to a class system where those who actually create
               | for society are parasitically leeched on by a class whose
               | wealth only exists because of another government enforced
               | monopoly.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | > those who actually create for society
               | 
               | If someone's unable to find anyone willing to pay them in
               | advance for their work or purchase a subscription, is
               | their work really creating much value to society?
        
               | tobias3 wrote:
               | Why would someone that is somewhat constrained w.r.t.
               | spending pay for something they would get for free?
        
               | martin-t wrote:
               | In fact, if _just taking_ someone else's material
               | possessions (rather than intellectual work) was legal,
               | why would anyone build anything they can't physically
               | protect themselves?
               | 
               | A lot of the people bashing on copyright seem to have no
               | concept of the second order effects abolishing copyright
               | would have and no intention to game it out.
               | 
               | Copyright has issues. For example it protects
               | corporations instead of individual creators and workers.
               | But not having it means rich people who own brands and
               | have access to massive advertising can just take
               | someone's work and make money from it while contributing
               | nothing of value by themselves.
        
               | Cheer2171 wrote:
               | It's called feudalism. The lords have a monopoly not just
               | on the means of production, they own the full stack of
               | society and economy in their domain.
        
               | Cheer2171 wrote:
               | We had a few very violent revolutions and civil wars to
               | get out of feudalism and patronage, and I can't believe
               | how many techies want to take us back.
        
           | hatthew wrote:
           | Downwards acceleration is free
        
           | martin-t wrote:
           | Ever since I learned that my open source work was stolen and
           | is being resold to me (laundered through statistical
           | algorithms) without any credit or compensation, I stopped
           | writing open source.
           | 
           | Any copy-left code is basically free to be used in closed
           | source software, as long as it's not a verbatim copy? Count
           | me out.
           | 
           | LLMs are used to subvert the spirit of GPL, if not the
           | letter.
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | That's where I'm at as an author of several popular open
             | source libraries.
             | 
             | That's it, they're in maintenance mode and I'm not
             | releasing anything again in the future.
             | 
             | My model used to be to build products and spin off
             | components into generic open source libraries others could
             | use, and some caught on. Now I'm just keeping them for
             | myself or attempting to monetize them somehow.
        
               | tobias3 wrote:
               | Coming to about the same conclusion here. Companies are
               | using my AGPLv3 project without following the license
               | already and enforcing the license seems bleak with not
               | much gain for me.
               | 
               | Now they can just copyright-wash it through AI models.
        
         | Stealthisbook wrote:
         | The Copyright Office doesn't have much to do with copyright
         | enforcement. That's almost entirely hashed out in court. If
         | anything, the office provides one of the few streamlining
         | mechanisms in an unwieldy system by maintaining registration
         | records so you can track down ownership and at least arrange
         | licensing for works that would otherwise represent an unknown
         | rights minefield.
        
       | kgwxd wrote:
       | Don't need it anymore. President decides who owns what now,
       | supreme court will confirm it sometime next week.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | Exactly, what happened to the libertarian spirit of HN?
        
         | 9283409232 wrote:
         | You're going to have to expand on that because I'm out of the
         | loop.
        
           | KerrAvon wrote:
           | Start by reading up on who won the November 2024 US
           | presidential election and then read
           | https://bsky.app/profile/stevevladeck.bsky.social.
        
             | 9283409232 wrote:
             | I see so nothing concrete happened and this is just
             | speculation.
        
           | lastdong wrote:
           | I'm not sure if the comment below is alluding to this, but
           | search for Project 2025. Robert Reich has published some
           | informative articles in the Guardian newspaper, but plenty of
           | other sources.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | So, this article describes the sequence of events as the Trump
       | administration attempting to replace the librarian of congress,
       | and Trump's named replacement saying he was replacing the
       | Copyright Register with a Trump DOJ person.
       | 
       | I am not a lawyer but I thought it was pretty well established
       | that (a) the library of congress is part of the legislature, not
       | an executive branch office and (b) that the president can remove
       | some people but can't install people in the other branches
       | without confirmation (e.g. when a SCOTUS justice dies or retires,
       | the president can't name a temporary justice).
       | 
       | https://www.govtrack.us/posts/503/2025-05-13_president-trump...
        
         | neuronexmachina wrote:
         | It's kind of confusing since the LOC serves Congress, but the
         | Librarian of Congress is a President-appointed and Senate-
         | confirmed position. They're supposed to serve for 10-year terms
         | (she was appointed in September 2016) though, and my
         | understanding is it's a open question whether the President can
         | legally fire a LOC before their term is up.
         | 
         | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/2/136-1?hl=en-US
        
         | bdw5204 wrote:
         | The President can, in fact, recess appoint a Supreme Court
         | justice per Article II, Section 2, Clause 3[0].
         | 
         | Since the George W. Bush administration, Congress has used pro
         | forma sessions[1] to prevent recess appointments. Both the
         | House and Senate would have to agree on a time to adjourn
         | Congress per Article I, Section 5, Clause 4. If they disagree
         | but one of them wants to adjourn, the President can adjourn
         | them under Article II, Section 3. But no president has ever
         | done this. President Trump talked about doing it to ram through
         | his appointments both in 2020 and last year during the
         | transition period. But so far it hasn't been deemed necessary
         | because the Senate has, surprisingly to me, confirmed his
         | cabinet in a timely manner and without significant pushback
         | even on the less conventionally conservative choices like the
         | DNI and the HHS Secretary. In all likelihood, the threat of
         | adjourning Congress and of using his billion dollars plus of
         | fundraising for 2026 to primary uncooperative Republican
         | members of Congress has forced them to largely fall in line for
         | now.
         | 
         | Recess appointments to the Supreme Court were common in the old
         | days when the Court was less politically contentious. Justice
         | William J. Brennan was recess appointed by Eisenhower and later
         | confirmed by the Senate. A recess appointment who is not
         | confirmed by the Senate would be null and void at the start of
         | the next Congress on January 3rd of the next odd numbered year.
         | I doubt any president would recess appoint a Supreme Court
         | justice today both because it would be likely derail their
         | nomination and also because a recess Justice might get to hear
         | at most 1 term of cases depending on timing. Recess appointing
         | somebody to run the FDA or the Justice Department or even to be
         | a district court judge would be much more useful to a
         | President's agenda.
         | 
         | [0]: "The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies
         | that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting
         | Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next
         | Session."
         | 
         | [1]: These are sessions where they immediately adjourn by
         | unanimous consent after doing the formalities to open the
         | session. C-SPAN broadcasts them live and they only last a few
         | minutes at most.
        
       | magicfractal wrote:
       | Before AI, copyright was a way to increase profits for the ruling
       | class, now with AI it's disadvantageous to keep copyright to the
       | detriment of the petite bourgeoisie (like artists and self-
       | employed software engineers). It's the rule in capitalism that
       | big capital eats small capital leading to income concentration in
       | fewer and fewer hands.
        
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       (page generated 2025-06-28 23:01 UTC)