[HN Gopher] Sailing the fjords like the Vikings yields unexpecte...
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       Sailing the fjords like the Vikings yields unexpected insights
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 133 points
       Date   : 2025-06-23 14:56 UTC (4 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | Liquix wrote:
       | a true scientist: _He even fashioned rudimentary blades out of
       | his own frozen feces to test whether they could cut through pig
       | hide, muscle, and tendon ... it did not work._
       | 
       | bored and shored? board boats of boards o'er fjords. might strike
       | a chord, see a fnord, expand your gourd
        
         | j_bum wrote:
         | Eminem? Is that you?
        
           | GLdRH wrote:
           | I'm Eminem and my wife is also Eminem.
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | There's an old NOVA episode "This Old Pyramid" that applied
       | experimental archaeology to the Egyptian pyramids: exploring how
       | the pyramids were built by actually building one.
       | 
       | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1460448/
        
         | eesmith wrote:
         | Going even further back in time, Kon-Tiki back in 1947
         | demonstrated it was indeed possible to travel on a balsa wood
         | raft to get from South America to Polynesia, settling that part
         | of the debate.
         | 
         | Of course, Heyerdahl's diffusion model was completely wrong,
         | but that's a different topic.
        
           | MarkusQ wrote:
           | Incomplete, perhaps, and vastly oversimplified, but not
           | "completely wrong"; the more genetic evidence we get, the
           | more it appears that ancient people moved around much more
           | than we used to think.
           | 
           | https://www.cell.com/current-
           | biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(14)...
        
             | eesmith wrote:
             | That's not Heyerdahl's diffusion model. From
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor_Heyerdahl
             | 
             | > The expedition was supposed to demonstrate that the
             | legendary sun-worshiping red-haired, bearded, and white-
             | skinned "Tiki people" from South America drifted and
             | colonized Polynesia first, before actual Polynesian
             | peoples. His hyperdiffusionist ideas on ancient cultures
             | had been widely rejected by the scientific community, even
             | before the expedition ....
             | 
             | > Heyerdahl's hypothesis was part of early Eurocentric
             | hyperdiffusionism and the westerner disbelief that (non-
             | white) "stone-age" peoples with "no math" could colonize
             | islands separated by vast distances of ocean water, even
             | against prevailing winds and currents. He rejected the
             | highly skilled voyaging and navigating traditions of the
             | Austronesian peoples and instead argued that Polynesia was
             | settled from boats following the wind and currents for
             | navigation from South America. ...
             | 
             | The genetic evidence does not support his theory.
             | 
             | Nor is it right to attribute the idea of a possible
             | connection to Heyerdahl. Nordenskiold wrote about
             | "'Oceanian' Cultural Elements in South America" in 1931,
             | https://archive.org/details/09-comparative-ethnographical-
             | st...
             | 
             | > As is well known, we find in South America quite a number
             | of culture elements of which parallels are found in
             | Oceania.1 These we may call ''Oceanian'', although this
             | certainly does not imply any proof that they have been
             | imported into America from Oceania. These "Oceanian''
             | culture elements may derive their origin from the crew of
             | some weather-driven vessel, because the possibility of such
             | having landed upon the coasts of America is not entirely to
             | be disregarded, as Friederici has fairly convincingly
             | shown.
             | 
             | > [p24]... Friederici has pointed out that there is much
             | which speaks for the theory of weather-driven Oceanian
             | vessels having reached America but nothing of their
             | returning whence they came, or of Indians sailing westward
             | and reaching any Oceanic island. It is important to note
             | that all islands off the South American coast that cannot
             | be seen from the mainland, such as the Galapagos, Juan
             | Fernandez, etc., at the time of the discovery of America
             | were uninhabited and, judging from everything, always had
             | been so.
             | 
             | (I think the Friederici reference is "Zu den
             | vorkolumbischen Verbindungen der Sudsee-Volker mit Amerika"
             | - "Regarding the pre-Columbian connections of the South
             | Seas with America", 1929. Heyerdahl was born in 1914, so
             | about 15 years old.)
             | 
             | As I recall, the prevailing hypothesis was that any contact
             | came likely from the Pacific. Heyerdahl didn't believe that
             | was possible, and it must have been the other way. People
             | argued that South Americans didn't have the sailing ability
             | to reach Polynesia. Heyerdahl demonstrated that opposing
             | argument was incorrect, by doing it. That doesn't mean it
             | must have happened.
             | 
             | So, no, Heyerdahl's hypothesis is completely wrong, and the
             | new evidence we have more strongly support older hypotheses
             | by others, which Heyerdahl disagreed with.
        
           | SpicyUme wrote:
           | Floating the Grand Canyon on a tule reed raft is another
           | example of testing the methods to see if something was
           | possible.
           | 
           | https://lakepowellchronicle.com/stories/rafter-recounts-
           | unus...
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pyjPX06Xeos
        
         | BostonFern wrote:
         | The follow-up attempt in 1999 where the team succeeds in
         | raising a large obelisk by slowly draining sand out of a pit
         | underneath it is a great watch.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Reminds me of the "Stonehenge in my backyard" guy.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/jD-EMOhbJ9U
           | 
           | My proudest moment (perhaps) was changing a tire without a
           | jack a hundred miles from anywhere. I couldn't raise the car,
           | but I could lower the ground!
        
         | spauldo wrote:
         | You might be interested in Guedelon Castle - a project to build
         | a 13th century castle in France using our best guess at the
         | resources and knowledge available at the time.
        
           | atombender wrote:
           | There is an excellent documentary series about it, Secrets of
           | the Castle [1], with historian Ruth Goodman and archeologist
           | Peter Ginn taking part in the building and upkeep. Very old-
           | fashioned but highly rewarding stuff, as are all their
           | series, such as Victorian Farm.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Castle
        
       | zxexz wrote:
       | > Others have tried to cook like the Neanderthals, concluding
       | that flint flakes were surprisingly effective for butchering
       | birds, and that roasting the birds damages the bones to such an
       | extent that it's unlikely they would be preserved in the
       | archaeological record.
       | 
       | I found this statement a bit alarming, as flint flakes being
       | quite effective in butchering is quite well known -- anyone who
       | has practiced or studied "primitive living" ( that term doesn't
       | feel right...) would know.
       | 
       | However, that was not an explicit conclusion in the referenced
       | paper, just by arstechnica. Not even a gripe, though, very
       | interesting article!
        
         | ethan_smith wrote:
         | Flint fractures conchoidally to produce edges as sharp as 30
         | angstroms - sharper than modern surgical steel which typically
         | reaches only about 300-600 angstroms.
        
         | potato3732842 wrote:
         | They're probably looking for something more specific than "can
         | make something that works well enough for youtube", like seeing
         | if an exact copy of flint found in a site yields the same
         | leftover marks as found on other bones in the site, or
         | something.
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | Also, it's one thing to say that with modern techniques and
           | design that flint flakes work for the purpose intended, it's
           | quite another to say flint flakes as they would have been
           | made in the neolithic can be used in specific ways not
           | necessarily by design, and then collect and write up all the
           | findings in an academically rigorous way.
           | 
           | There's plenty of research on things that "everyone knows"
           | which turn out to be not true, so validating these ideas is
           | still worthwhile science.
        
       | medstrom wrote:
       | > In terms of the results themselves, the boats are extremely
       | seaworthy crafts. When you get in them for the first time, you
       | don't think that, because they're very, very light. They feel
       | very flimsy, and they're very low in the water compared to a
       | modern sailing boat. So you feel really in touch with the wave,
       | which is kind of scary. But because they're so flexible and
       | because of the way they're rigged, they're actually really
       | stable, even in big waves.
       | 
       | > "We kept going out thinking, 'Oh, this is maybe the limit of
       | what this boat can tolerate,' and then it would be fine, and we'd
       | be, 'Okay, let's go a little bit in slightly bigger waves with
       | slightly stronger wind,'" Jarrett continued. "So I think our
       | comfort zones definitely visibly expanded during that period. And
       | I had the chance to work with the same crews over three years. By
       | the end of those three years, we were doing stuff that we would
       | never have been able to do at the beginning."
       | 
       | Sounds like they had fun.
        
         | wincy wrote:
         | When is the last time someone used a vessel like this to sail
         | to Iceland? I'd pay for someone to do that. Amazing what our
         | ancestors accomplished.
        
           | SpicyUme wrote:
           | There was an archaeologist who drowned last year during an
           | attempted crossing from the Faroe islands to Trondheim.
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cnvyge44nppo
           | 
           | https://www.oldsaltblog.com/2024/08/american-archeologis-
           | die...
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | 2016?
           | 
           | https://www.drakenhh.com/expedition-america-2016
           | 
           | Not exactly the same type, but a recreation of a viking
           | longboat.
        
         | GLdRH wrote:
         | This might not be the most scientific take, but the description
         | reminds me of the Elvish boats of Lothlorien.
         | 
         | Did Tolkien possess advanced knowledge of viking seafaring?
        
       | nsavage wrote:
       | I can't help but be remembered of the discovery of the HMS
       | Terror, one of John Franklin's missing ships. It was announced
       | that it was discovered conveniently located in what was already
       | called Terror Bay, and that the ship's masts were even sticking
       | out of the water. The local Inuit of course knew it was there.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terror_Bay
        
       | vintermann wrote:
       | So not really like Vikings, but like Jekt traders. It looks like
       | there is little written about the Jekt trade in English.
        
         | vidarh wrote:
         | Yes and no, as the article says:
         | 
         | > "The Viking Age ends in the 11th century, and we're talking
         | about boats from 800 years later," he said. "But the
         | construction techniques and the way they are rigged and their
         | general performance characteristics are similar enough. Because
         | this is a project about voyages and not a project about boat
         | building, it seemed like a defensible analogy."
         | 
         | His guess - whether right or not - is that this ship-structure
         | is similar enough that it serves as a possible way to identify
         | possible Viking era landing places.
        
           | deltarholamda wrote:
           | Boat designs change very slowly, so I would bet on his guess.
           | Most changes would be in improvements in smaller
           | technologies, e.g. improved nails, than in major hull shape
           | changes. As I understand it, Vikings did use barge-like
           | boats, but they mostly used the longboat form, and the major
           | change to long boats is to make them longer to carry more,
           | which doesn't change the draft that much.
           | 
           | To my mind, the greater change would have been to sea levels
           | from the 11th century to now, which would alter landing spots
           | more than the boat design.
        
       | snowwrestler wrote:
       | Much respect to this man as a fundraiser. He convinced people to
       | pay him to play Viking and go sailing as his job. Could be grants
       | or private fundraising or both.
       | 
       | It illustrates how one monetizes a PhD in a subject overtly
       | noncommercial like archaeology. Plenty of people have sailed in
       | these waters, maybe even played at being Vikings. But with a
       | doctorate in the field, one is able to make the case that doing
       | so will be Real Science because you have developed expertise in
       | that knowledge domain, and research skills to fit whatever you
       | find into the broader scientific context.
       | 
       | I'm not being dismissive, by the way, it's a fantastic idea to
       | explore for new archaeological finds. And it is absolutely true
       | that academics need to have as much hustle as entrepreneurs to
       | find funding.
        
         | eesmith wrote:
         | I find your use of "play Viking" dismissive, despite your
         | disclaimer.
         | 
         | The article mentions how some archeologists learn
         | flintknapping, which helps them understand their finds better.
         | 
         | Do you think they are playing Stone Age people?
         | 
         | For what it's worth, https://www.ht.lu.se/en/the-
         | faculties/staff-training/interna... says funding came from
         | Erasmus+ traineeship, several other grants, "and my own
         | earnings", and he started while a grad student. (That page is
         | from 2023.)
         | 
         | So no, he did not "monetize" his PhD as he didn't have one
         | while doing this fieldwork, and he paid for part of it himself.
         | 
         | Also, my high school grades got me a college scholarship. I
         | don't interpret that as me monetizing my high school degree,
         | but then, I don't view everything through a hustle lens.
         | 
         | His has "a general interest in ancient seafaring and
         | experimental archaeology" with a focus on "reconstructing the
         | sailing routes used by sailors from the Viking Age in Western
         | Scandinavia". He "spent 11 months learning about traditional
         | sailing and boatbuilding techniques at Fosen Folkehogskole",
         | "conducted a series of sailing trials and trial voyages onboard
         | traditional clinker-built, square-rigged boats", and "spent
         | about 500 hours sailing or rowing, often for several days at a
         | time, enduring every kind of weather imaginable, in an attempt
         | to test the performance of these boats under the widest
         | possible range of conditions."
         | 
         | How do you get from that hard work to "playing Viking", without
         | being dismissive?
        
           | gwervc wrote:
           | Researcher here: yes it's playing. And playing isn't a bad
           | thing. If we hadn't fun, a lot of us would have quit already.
        
             | eesmith wrote:
             | Sure. In my 20s I remember telling my boss that I had so
             | much fun programming that I would do it even if I wasn't
             | paid. (That was probably a mistake, but at least it was a
             | state job with salary guidelines.)
             | 
             | But having fun and playing as part of work is doesn't mean
             | I was "playing programmer." Even had I been an unpaid
             | trust-fund baby.
             | 
             | What does "play Viking" mean to you, and how do we know
             | that's what this researcher is doing?
             | 
             | Would you also say that he "plays sailor", given that he's
             | an actual sailor?
             | 
             | Should we say the people building the 13th- century style
             | castle at Guedelon are playing serfdom?
             | 
             | Those trying to rediscover ancient building techniques are
             | playing Egyptians, Romans, Eastern Islanders, Incans, etc.?
             | 
             | Was Thor Heyerdahl was "playing a 'Tiki person'" in his
             | famous raft voyage, when that culture doesn't exist, or was
             | he trying to demonstrate that the raft hypothesis for human
             | migration could not simply be rejected as impossible?
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | I think you're the only person in this thread who took
               | "play" as dismissive. This tells us a bit about you but
               | not much else.
        
               | eesmith wrote:
               | No, I didn't say "play" was dismissive.
               | 
               | I said that describing the researcher's work as "play
               | Viking", done as a way to monetize one's PhD, is
               | dismissive.
               | 
               | The more so as the researcher was partially self-funded,
               | and didn't have a PhD.
               | 
               | I don't think it's right to characterize everyone doing
               | experimental archeology about Norse practices as "playing
               | Viking", nor to only pick out those studying shipping
               | routes.
               | 
               | The same for other fields - I wouldn't say that people
               | researching how the ancient Romans made concrete are
               | "playing Romans".
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | I'm not sure why you seem so fired up about this turn of
               | phrase using the word "play". But, in recognizing that
               | you are, I'm simply going to let you do you and wish you
               | well :)
        
               | Chris2048 wrote:
               | > This tells us a bit about you
               | 
               | Unnecessary Personal attack
        
           | pimlottc wrote:
           | I read "playing viking" affectionately. How many people
           | manage to turn a childhood dream into a sustainable career?
        
             | eesmith wrote:
             | The article doesn't mention when he started this goal. How
             | do you know it was in childhood and not, for example, as an
             | undergraduate student?
             | 
             | Is it a sustainable career? He only recently got his PhD.
             | 
             | As a kid I dreamed about being a programmer (among many
             | other things), and I am one.
             | 
             | If I bought an old PDP 11/70 to get hands-on experience on
             | using early Unix systems work, would that mean I'm playing
             | a Bell Labs researcher?
        
               | IAmBroom wrote:
               | Give it a rest.
               | 
               | If that word bothers you, substitute "recreating" or
               | "testing".
        
           | IAmBroom wrote:
           | Historical reenactor here.
           | 
           | "Playing" is only dismissive if you view the incredible, fast
           | learning children achieve (compared to adults) as "mere
           | child's play".
           | 
           | By "playing" at reenactment, we test out theories on how
           | things worked, how people did things, and why they did them.
           | 
           | My favorite example is a Dutch hat. Every instance two
           | friends found in artwork had a spoon slipped into two cuts in
           | the raised brim. They thought that looked stupid, and made
           | one without the spoon (they merely pinned the brim up). The
           | hat wouldn't stay in place, so they decided it needed a
           | weight to stabilize the raised side of the brim... like a
           | spoon.
        
             | eesmith wrote:
             | Where do you see me dismissing play?
             | 
             | What does "play Viking" mean to you, in the context of what
             | this researcher is doing?
             | 
             | Don't overlook that snowwrestler coupled playing Viking to
             | monetizing one's PhD.
             | 
             | Do you do historical reenactment in order to monetize your
             | play?
             | 
             | If I learn to operate a 1907 Avery steam tractor, would you
             | say I am playing farmer?
        
               | bigyabai wrote:
               | Farming is a job, which people do to eat. I've known
               | farmers, and yes, if you bought a tractor and drove it
               | around SF I would accuse you of "playing farmer" as well.
               | 
               | You don't have to take it personally - roleplay can be an
               | effective tool. If you're training to operate a tractor
               | on a farm, then you are consciously "playing farmer" with
               | the intent of driving positive results.
        
               | eesmith wrote:
               | We are agreed that the first is meant more negative, and
               | the second more positive, yes?
               | 
               | Is this researcher more like the first case or the second
               | case?
               | 
               | The Norse used their ships for trade and pirating, and to
               | travel places where alternative transit was far too
               | difficult. Like your farming example, trade and pirating
               | helped put food on the table.
               | 
               | This researcher did none of those. His income came from
               | other sources.
               | 
               | What does it mean to "play Viking", and how is it
               | connected to monetizing one's PhD, which is the other
               | half of what I complained about?
               | 
               | (In any distinctive sense. Anyone with a career in their
               | PhD field has by definition monetized their PhD, and in
               | some careers (like my high school teachers), a PhD in any
               | field gives you a salary raise. But none of the examples
               | are referred to "playing X" in order to monetize their
               | education.)
        
           | djtango wrote:
           | Well he is playing Viking. Sailing in that way was not only
           | their living but it was also life or death for them.
           | 
           | They struck out into the ocean without a map of the world,
           | let alone GPS and satellite phones. They didn't even have
           | life jackets.
           | 
           | Without downplaying this researcher's earnest efforts,
           | nothing we do today could come close to truly recreating what
           | it was like back then for people to live and breathe the sea
           | like your life depends on it and to reacquire whatever deep
           | nuanced tacit wisdom they accumulated about how their ships
           | handled in the waves.
           | 
           | Whenever I've watched interviews or studied people at the top
           | of a craft, any craft, you'll be surprised at the amount of
           | detail they are sensitive to. A recent thing that comes to
           | mind is how much Chopin studied and analysed the anatomy of
           | the hand to deepen his understanding of piano technique
        
           | petsfed wrote:
           | Back when I was "playing" (in the dismissive sense) at being
           | physicist and physics teacher, what I found was that the
           | secret to actually understanding something was being free to
           | fiddle with the parameters of the thing to try to dive a
           | preferred outcome. That's more or less the mission statement
           | of Bell Labs in its heyday.
           | 
           | I don't understand how you can exist in _this_ space (that
           | is, Hackernews and the larger startup culture) while being
           | dismissive of folks out there exploring their particular
           | parameter spaces, outside of practical constraints.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | I think it is generally fine to consider the things we do
             | playing with stuff--I consider myself very lucky to enjoy
             | playing with computers as they'll let you have careers in
             | that.
             | 
             | But, for example, if I say that this site is a bunch of
             | people playing at being engineers, in most contexts (maybe
             | other than this thread) I'd expect to get some pretty
             | annoyed responses.
             | 
             | Firstly, because there's a difference between saying we're
             | playing with a problem, and saying we're playing at being
             | something.
             | 
             | Secondly, because it is great to be self-effacing, but less
             | so to be others-effacing.
        
           | spauldo wrote:
           | "Play" has a specific meeting for reenactors. When I was in
           | the SCA, I "played" an 11th century Welsh longbowman. It's
           | certainly not a derogatory term when used in this context,
           | and the amount of effort put into it isn't relevant. I just
           | wore the clothes and learned to hit a target with the bow
           | more than half the time, but I played alongside people who
           | spent a lot of time and money learning the languages and
           | skills of the roles they played.
        
           | andoando wrote:
           | I think its just implying he had fun doing it. I mean I
           | sincerely hope he did, would you really rather believe this
           | was a super serious endeavor, no fun allowed research?
        
       | gdubya wrote:
       | Watch out for fulings on the plains!
        
         | Henchman21 wrote:
         | And _deathsquitos_!
        
       | mlhpdx wrote:
       | > You are able to ask very different questions the minute you
       | walk away from your desk and get on a boat
       | 
       | Indeed. Read this as I am heading out to sail my Skerry.
        
         | floren wrote:
         | A man of culture! Where do you sail yours? I'm not much of a
         | sailor yet, so the Skerry feels plenty... scary... even in 10
         | knot wind inside a breakwater at Alameda
        
       | kzrdude wrote:
       | They should mention Helge/Anne Ingstad who did the original
       | thinking and sailing like a viking to help find
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Anse_aux_Meadows in
       | Newfoundland!
        
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       (page generated 2025-06-27 23:00 UTC)