[HN Gopher] Snow - Classic Macintosh emulator
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Snow - Classic Macintosh emulator
        
       GitHub repo: https://github.com/twvd/snow, Originally-submitted
       source explaining project:
       https://oldbytes.space/@smallsco/114747196289375530,
        
       Author : ColinWright
       Score  : 179 points
       Date   : 2025-06-26 09:08 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (snowemu.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (snowemu.com)
        
       | the_other wrote:
       | Off-topic...
       | 
       | I wish Apple would bring back the white menubar background and
       | the coloured logo.
       | 
       | The white menubar makes the whole computer easier to use in a
       | small but constant way. The coloured apple icon would suggest
       | they no longer have their heads stuck up their assess and might
       | bring back "fun" rather than "showing off" to their design
       | process. And then maybe, maybe... with that "suggestion"
       | symbolised in the UI, we can hope they might bring back the more
       | rigorous user-centric design process they used to be famous for.
        
         | xenonite wrote:
         | What about setting a white background, which yields a white
         | menubar?
         | 
         | A color logo might be added with an overlay app - or you
         | reminisce a black&white screen.
        
           | trinix912 wrote:
           | So are we supposed to make custom backgrounds with a 30px
           | white bar on top instead of expecting this to be an option in
           | the settings like in every other sanely customizable OS?
        
           | raihansaputra wrote:
           | seconding the overlay app, i forgot the name but there was an
           | app that can configure the appearance of the menubar. maybe
           | it's my menubar icon organizer? Not dozer or bartender, but
           | can't recall right now
        
             | egypturnash wrote:
             | Ice organizes menubar icons and can alter the bar's
             | appearance.
        
         | thm wrote:
         | https://www.macrumors.com/2025/06/23/macos-tahoe-beta-2-menu...
        
           | SkyeCA wrote:
           | Are they really changing the UI up again? I am actually so
           | done at this point. The endless UI churn drives me absolutely
           | mad, but I suppose when there's nothing left to do, making it
           | look different is easy.
           | 
           | I suppose a built in volume mixer is still too much to ask
           | for though.
        
           | the_other wrote:
           | Nice, thanks. I'll use that when I upgrade.
           | 
           | But I'm not going to upgrade whilst the back/next buttons are
           | floating 3m above the window as suggested in that screen
           | shot.
        
         | celsius1414 wrote:
         | Turning "Reduce Transparency" on in Accessibility > Display
         | will solidify the menubar in both light and dark modes.
         | 
         | I go through phases with transparency off or on.
        
           | the_other wrote:
           | Same.
           | 
           | Sometimes I enjoy the translucent menus. They make the
           | machine look "glossy" and expensive. But they're definitely
           | harder to read than opaque flat ones.
           | 
           | With "reduce transparency" on, it's better, but the menubar
           | still isn't white. It's a textured light grey that's closer
           | to the look of an unfocused app window than the solid,
           | dependable, flat thing I wish it still was.
        
       | thristian wrote:
       | For some context about why a portable, user-friendly, hardware-
       | level emulator for classic Mac systems is such a big deal, see
       | this blog post from 2020: https://invisibleup.com/articles/30/
       | 
       | For game consoles, we've had emulators like Nestopia and bsnes
       | and Dolphin and Duckstation for years.
       | 
       | For PCs, virtualisation systems like VMWare and VirtualBox have
       | covered most people's needs, and recently there's been high-
       | fidelity emulators like 86Box and MartyPC.
       | 
       | The C64 has VICE, the Amiga has WinUAE, even the Apple II has had
       | high-quality emulators like KEGS and AppleWin, but the Mac has
       | mostly been limited to high-level and approximate emulators like
       | Basilisk II.
        
         | xdfgh1112 wrote:
         | That article is objectively true but .. I've never seen such a
         | grotesque dismissal of the hard work people have done for free.
        
           | tom_ wrote:
           | For the amount of time and effort that went into that
           | article, the author could surely have fixed at least one of
           | the things they complain about! And they don't seem to
           | understand the C #include mechanism _at all_ , so should we
           | even pay attention to their technical criticisms in the first
           | place?!
        
             | ndiddy wrote:
             | I don't know if you read the whole article. The author did
             | make a Mini vMac fork to clean up the build system and
             | code, she linked it at the end.
             | https://github.com/InvisibleUp/uvmac .
        
               | tom_ wrote:
               | Ha. I was starting to find the article a bit tiring and
               | the moment my eyes landed on the Conclusion heading I
               | stopped right there. You shouldn't trust my criticisms
               | either.
        
               | tclancy wrote:
               | Wait, but that last sentence makes you a reliable
               | narrator now. I am lost.
        
               | projektfu wrote:
               | Oh, thank goodness. Hacking Mini vMac was a chore and I
               | didn't have the energy to do something like this.
        
               | nxobject wrote:
               | My 2c: having played around with the codebase recently
               | (to add C++ to the codebase), I did find Cursor helpful
               | in figuring out how to work with the bespoke build
               | system.
        
           | InvisibleUp wrote:
           | I feel like that's a bit harsh, but I'll admit that it is
           | needlessly inflammatory. I wasn't in the best state mentally
           | when I wrote that. (I do sometimes worry that I'm responsible
           | for the disappearance of Paul C. Pratt...) At some point I
           | need to either rewrite it to be less hostile or just yank it
           | entirely.
        
         | nmdeadhead wrote:
         | In compatibility, it's _MUCH_ worse than all the others, but
         | there 's also Executor:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executor_(software) which you can
         | use to run a Macintosh version of solitaire in your browser by
         | having the browser emulate MS-DOS which then runs Executor/DOS:
         | https://archive.org/details/executor
         | 
         | In addition to Executor/DOS, a non-released version ran on the
         | Sun 3 workstations (they too had 680x0 processors) and
         | Executor/NEXTSTEP ran on NeXT machines, both the 680x0 based
         | ones and the x86 powered PCs that could run NEXTSTEP.
         | 
         | Executor was the least compatible because it used no
         | intellectual property from Apple. The ROMs and system software
         | substitutes were all written in a clean room--no disassembly of
         | the Apple ROMs or System file.
         | 
         | Although Executor ostensibly has a Linux port, it's probably
         | hard to build (I haven't tried in a couple decades) in part
         | because to squeeze the maximum performance out of a 80386
         | processor, the synthetic CPU relied on gcc-specific extensions.
         | 
         | I know a fair amount about Executor, because I wrote the
         | initial version of it, although all the super impressive parts
         | (e.g., the synthetic 68k emulator and the color subsystem) were
         | written by better programmers than I am.
        
           | homarp wrote:
           | https://github.com/autc04/executor is a more recent fork of
           | executor (but based on the issues, it does build on recent
           | OS)
        
             | homarp wrote:
             | typo: does NOT build on recent OS
        
           | mattl wrote:
           | When I was starting out in the 90s, Executor was one of those
           | very cool pieces of software I would love to play around
           | with.
        
           | joshmarinacci wrote:
           | Thank you so much for Executor. I used to run it on my 486
           | Linux box, over an X11 SSH tunnel to the Sun workstation I
           | used in the computer labs for work on campus. I balanced my
           | checkbook and wrote essays in emulated Excel and Word (with
           | rough compatibility with the Windows versions). It was so
           | cool to be able to mix and match systems that way.
        
         | ksherlock wrote:
         | It might not count as "user-friendly" but MAME does hardware-
         | level emulation of the Macintosh and Apple II (more accurate
         | and more peripherals but less user friendly than KEGS and
         | AppleWin).
        
         | Palomides wrote:
         | there's definitely room to improve user friendliness of mac
         | emulation (minivmac's compile time config is so infuriating),
         | but I think it's a bit unfair to compare to most of those
         | emulators
         | 
         | vmware and virtualbox were backed by billion dollar corps
         | 
         | the 16 bit machines are much simpler than macs
         | 
         | game consoles had highly homogenous well documented hardware,
         | and sold in much greater numbers (snes alone sold more than all
         | macs from 1987 to 1995) so there's a larger community to draw
         | devs and users from. writing a nes emulator is almost a weekend
         | project now, it's so documented.
        
           | trollbridge wrote:
           | It should be pointed out that VMware started as a tiny,
           | scrappy company mostly focused on selling workstation seats
           | for you to run Windows on your Linux computer (which I did
           | back circa 1999, so I could use Linux on my desktop), and
           | VirtualBox started out from InnoTek, a tiny company which was
           | essentially making software to emulate Windows on OS/2, and
           | then later did a contract with Connectix to run OS/2 on
           | Windows (or other hosts) using Virtual PC.
           | 
           | Connectix got bought by Windows, and InnoTek got bought by
           | Sun, which is now Oracle. Connectix themselves started as a
           | scrappy outfit making it possible to run DOS/Win95 on a Mac.
           | 
           | The core emulation was pretty much done and stable and
           | optimised before the billion-dollar corps bought them out.
        
             | Palomides wrote:
             | vmware apparently had 20 employees in year one, I don't
             | think a single person has ever worked full time on a mac
             | emulator (other than Apple's internal ones, of course)
             | 
             | even a "tiny, scrappy company" has massive manpower
             | compared to 99.999% of open source projects
        
         | anthk wrote:
         | You forgot miniVMAC, 68k. Qemu does MacPPC fine.
        
       | jakedata wrote:
       | Much of my early post-college work is stored across a stack of
       | Mac formatted Bernoulli disks. The software requires an ADB
       | dongle to run, so physical hardware is required. I wonder if any
       | of those ADB to USB adapters could be mapped into the emulator?
        
         | ChrisRR wrote:
         | If you've not backed it up already that data might be gone. If
         | it's valuable to you then I'd recommend finding out sooner than
         | later
        
           | jakedata wrote:
           | Good advice of course. It is not valuable, and it is not my
           | product - I merely worked on it. The real value was guiding
           | me _away_ from a career as a programmer (and the friends we
           | made along the way).
        
         | kalleboo wrote:
         | All of the ADB to USB adapters I know of only support mice and
         | keyboards and have internal firmware that maps to USB HID.
         | You'd have to write a custom firmware to make a raw pass
         | through to an emulator...
         | 
         | It would probably be easier to crack the software!
        
           | mrpippy wrote:
           | The Griffin iMate was the most popular ADB-USB adapter from
           | the time, and probably supports non-input devices (it
           | would've been the only option at the time to make those
           | dongles work).
        
             | kalleboo wrote:
             | Ah yeah, the ones that were sold at the time would work if
             | you passed through USB to an emulator that supported USB
             | hardware, or reverse-engineered their proprietary protocol.
             | I was only thinking of the modern options when I wrote my
             | comment.
        
           | longtimelistnr wrote:
           | I have a large collection of vintage Mac's and peripherals,
           | with the largest quantity being the Apple Keyboard II [1].
           | Archive forums all suggest the Belkin ADB Adapter [2] but
           | that has long since been retired. I would like to make my
           | own, i know instructions exist for a raw passthrough.
           | 
           | [1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apple_Keyboard_II.jpg
           | 
           | [2]https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/hack-your-old-macs-
           | adb-k...
        
         | mmmlinux wrote:
         | Anyone who has a working Bernoulli box probably has a matching
         | old mac to go with it.
        
           | jakedata wrote:
           | Several, yes ;-)
        
         | thehigherlife wrote:
         | maybe this would work? https://www.bigmessowires.com/usb-
         | wombat/
        
           | jakedata wrote:
           | It turns out there has been some discussion on emulating or
           | passing through ADB hardware keys but nothing conclusive
           | seems to have come of it.
        
       | DrNosferatu wrote:
       | Any Flatpak, Snap or Scoop editions?
        
       | mdavid626 wrote:
       | Little help - how can I find ROM-s? I tried to download some
       | using sites found in Google, but the emulator always says
       | "Unknown or unsupported ROM file". How can I find usable roms?
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _Little help - how can I find ROM-s? I tried to download some
         | using sites found in Google, but the emulator always says
         | "Unknown or unsupported ROM file". How can I find usable roms?_
         | 
         | These seem to work:
         | 
         | https://archive.org/details/mac_rom_archive_-_as_of_8-19-201...
        
           | mdavid626 wrote:
           | Very nice, thank you.
           | 
           | I try to run some of them, e.g. Macintosh Plus. It does
           | accept the ROM, but it just shows a flashing floppy disk icon
           | and doesn't do anything else. How could this be fixed?
        
             | duskwuff wrote:
             | The icon is telling you that you need a disk to boot from.
             | 
             | https://www.gryphel.com/c/minivmac/start.html has some
             | links.
        
             | wsc981 wrote:
             | The Mac Plus didn't have an internal hard drive. So you
             | need to start the OS from a floppy.
             | 
             | My father used an external hard drive with his Mac Plus,
             | back in the day.
        
         | longtimelistnr wrote:
         | https://macintoshgarden.org/ has always been the gold standard
         | source for me!
        
           | CTOSian wrote:
           | I usually use https://www.macintoshrepository.org , the
           | garden lack some proper organisation
        
       | ChrisRR wrote:
       | I'm not sure why OP links to this site, but the actual project is
       | here
       | 
       | https://snowemu.com/
       | 
       | https://github.com/twvd/snow
        
         | ColinWright wrote:
         | Personally I find an announcement like the one linked more
         | helpful and useful to create a context, rather than linking
         | directly to the project.
         | 
         | Links to the actual project are in the submitted post, so you
         | can get an overview before then being directed to the project
         | itself.
         | 
         | As always YMMV, indeed, YMWV, but I like seeing the
         | announcement giving the context rather than a bare pointer to
         | the project.
        
           | ColinWright wrote:
           | ... and while I appreciate the rationale behind it, I'm
           | always saddened when a carefully chosen link that suits the
           | way I think, giving and overview and a context with links to
           | the projects, is then over-written by the direct link to the
           | project that _doesn 't_ give a sense of why it's interesting
           | or relevant.
           | 
           | But as the Man in Black says in The Princess Bride: "Get used
           | to disappointment".
        
             | tomhow wrote:
             | We can have our cake and eat it.
             | 
             | The guidelines are clear that the original/canonical source
             | is what we want on HN:
             | 
             |  _Please submit the original source. If a post reports on
             | something found on another site, submit the latter._
             | 
             | But you're welcome to post a comment with links to other
             | sources that give the extra information and context, and we
             | can pin it to the top of the thread, or do what I've done
             | here and put them in the top text.
        
               | ColinWright wrote:
               | We won't agree on this.
               | 
               | I understand the rationale, and as someone who moderates
               | other communities I can totally understand why this is
               | administered as a blanket policy. Having said that, it
               | does sometimes result in what I think of as sub-optimal
               | situations where information is unnecessarily lost or
               | obscured.
               | 
               | In particular, adding a link to the original post, as you
               | have done here, is likely to be of minimal value. People
               | will click on the headline link, wonder what it's about
               | or why it's "news", and close the window. On the other
               | hand, clicking through first to the post means people
               | will see the context, then those who are interested will
               | click through to the project site(s). I've done this
               | analysis in other contexts and found that the decision
               | tree for engagement and user-information is in favour of
               | linking to the post, not the project.
               | 
               | But as I say, I understand your position, and in the end,
               | it's not my forum, not my community, and not my choice.
        
               | joshAg wrote:
               | so just to confirm, this HN submission [ 1] should have
               | linked to this pdf of the paper [2] and put the article
               | [3] that is the current link for the post as a comment?
               | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44381297
               | [2]: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.19244       [3]:
               | https://www.quantamagazine.org/a-new-pyramid-like-shape-
               | always-lands-the-same-side-up-20250625/
        
               | tomhow wrote:
               | The question we always ask is whether a source contains
               | "significant new information".
               | 
               | In the case you cited, the Quanta Magazine article is a
               | report about the study's findings that is readable and
               | understandable to lay people, and includes backstory and
               | quotes from interviews with the researchers and also
               | images.
               | 
               | I.e., there's plenty of information in the article that
               | isn't in the paper. So we'll always go with that kind of
               | article, over the paper itself, particularly in the case
               | of Quanta Magazine which is a high-quality publication.
               | 
               | In other cases an article is "blog spam" - I.e., it just
               | rewords a study without adding any new information, and
               | in those cases we'll link directly to the study, or to a
               | better article if someone suggests it.
               | 
               | Anyone is always welcome to suggest a source that is the
               | most informative about a topic and we'll happily update
               | the link to that.
        
       | wk_end wrote:
       | I suppose - owing to its accuracy - that this doesn't have some
       | of BasiliskII's killer features: it patches the OS/ROMs to add
       | support for super-high resolutions and (mostly) seamless
       | integration with the host's file system and network.
       | 
       | It's a shame that Basilisk - possibly owing to its inaccurate but
       | killer features - is as janky as it is, because it's really
       | remarkably pleasant to use when it works.
        
         | hedgehog wrote:
         | An accurate emulator with clean codebase is a good starting
         | point onto which to add patches/shortcuts. I've looked through
         | the Basilisk patching code, it's not really complicated, and
         | there are a handful of partial Toolbox reimplementations
         | including the bits in Basilisk, Executor (author is in the
         | comments here), MACE, etc. It would be some work to port but
         | mostly direct translation of the code & adding test
         | infrastructure.
        
           | duskwuff wrote:
           | As an aside, I _really_ wish MACE would open-source their
           | work. They 've made some impressive progress, but I worry
           | that work's going to go to waste if it stays closed.
        
             | hedgehog wrote:
             | Aha, I got MACE and Advanced Mac Substitute (AMS) mixed up.
             | AMS looks less complete but has source available.
             | 
             | https://www.v68k.org/advanced-mac-substitute/
        
           | nxobject wrote:
           | One way to add devices that doesn't require ROM or software
           | modification, but _does_ require modifying the emulator:
           | create a virtual memory-mapped device off 68K bus, and write
           | a driver/CDEV to drive it. The SE and Macintosh II had
           | blessed but different expansion options, after all.
           | 
           | For earlier models, there are unused apertures in model
           | memory maps that are at least 2KB large, but they do differ
           | between models.
        
       | ColinWright wrote:
       | The original submission was to a post that explains why this is
       | news, and not just a random project:
       | 
       |  _A brand new 68k Mac emulator quietly dropped last night!!_
       | 
       |  _"Snow" can emulate the Mac 128k, 512k, Plus, SE, Classic, and
       | II. It supports reading disks from bitstream and flux-floppy
       | images, and offers full execution control and debugging features
       | for the emulated CPU. Written using Rust, it doesn 't do any ROM
       | patching or system call interception, instead aiming for accurate
       | hardware-level emulation._
       | 
       | * Download link (Mac, Windows, Linux): https://snowemu.com
       | 
       | * Documentation link: https://docs.snowemu.com
       | 
       | * Source link: https://github.com/twvd/snow
       | 
       | * Release announcement:
       | https://www.emaculation.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12509
       | 
       | -- https://oldbytes.space/@smallsco/114747196289375530
       | 
       | I understand why links get re-written, but I think the context is
       | relevant and can help the random reader who is unfamiliar with
       | the project.
        
       | trollbridge wrote:
       | Was this inspired by MartyPC?
        
         | GloriousCow wrote:
         | Funny you mention that, I'm actually friends with twvd and we
         | share a discord server and trade UI ideas as we both use the
         | same GUI toolkit. Snow actually uses the disk image library I
         | built for MartyPC.
         | 
         | Inspired is a strong word. I didn't invent the concept of an
         | accurate emulator, although I'm certainly a fan of his
         | approach.
        
       | Rochus wrote:
       | Does the Mac - like the Lisa - also require cycle accurate
       | emulation of the hardware? I spent some time with lisaem and made
       | experiments with Qemu, but the Lisa OS makes assumptions about
       | hardware timing which cannot be met by the latter.
        
       | chiffre01 wrote:
       | I tried loading this with the standard Mac OS 7.1 install disks
       | readily available, with a Mac plus rom. Drive 0: disk ejected?
       | Mini vMac seems to work. I guess it needs some work still.
        
       | car wrote:
       | Feels so real, great work.
       | 
       | Any chance this could be made to emulate an Atari ST?
        
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       (page generated 2025-06-26 23:00 UTC)