[HN Gopher] FICO to incorporate buy-now-pay-later loans into cre...
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       FICO to incorporate buy-now-pay-later loans into credit scores
        
       Author : cebert
       Score  : 236 points
       Date   : 2025-06-24 00:03 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.axios.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.axios.com)
        
       | firesteelrain wrote:
       | Credit scores will tank further
        
         | ZYbCRq22HbJ2y7 wrote:
         | Why?
         | 
         | "The industry has long believed that consumers using BNPL
         | responsibly should result in positive credit scores, as the
         | majority of users are paying back in full and on time."
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | Because "most people pay back fully on time" is not the
           | metric.
           | 
           | The real question is what are the delinquency and default
           | rates for BNPL as compared to other forms of consumer credit.
           | 
           | Given the previous understanding that it didn't hit your
           | FICO, the retailer subsidy as a sales lead, and the types of
           | products people were financing.. one might assume worse..
        
           | firesteelrain wrote:
           | Because it's shadow debt and it will show the person as
           | overleveraged with a bunch of Affirm loans
        
         | UltraSane wrote:
         | If customers make every payment their score should improve.
        
           | dh2022 wrote:
           | What is the benefit for a consumer to use this type of loan
           | and then pay it back on time versus using a credit card and
           | then paying the card back on time?
           | 
           | To me this seems like a new product that would target a
           | different consumer than the one that makes payments on time.
           | But I would like if someone challenges this view. Thanks!
        
             | loeg wrote:
             | > What is the benefit for a consumer to use this type of
             | loan and then pay it back on time versus using a credit
             | card and then paying the card back on time?
             | 
             | Slightly longer repayment time frames. (Multiple months
             | instead of just one.)
        
               | dh2022 wrote:
               | This sounds like a consumer that does not pay the balance
               | each month...
        
               | wildzzz wrote:
               | CC gives me 30 days to pay it back interest free. BNPL
               | gives me 2, 3, 6, or more months with very little or even
               | no interest. If I know I'm not going to be able to pay it
               | off in a month, I'd rather do a BNPL loan since it's so
               | cheap. Additionally, you can have awful or no credit and
               | still be approved for BNPL. It may be beneficial to have
               | some repaid loans on your credit if you ruined your
               | credit earlier in life like this credit builder CCs that
               | have a super low limit.
        
               | Ancapistani wrote:
               | I'll add that I've found that the more you use Affirm at
               | least, the better my options get.
               | 
               | I started by always choosing the shortest "plan", which
               | was 0% and no fees. After I'd paid off a few of those, I
               | started getting offered plans of up to a year with no
               | interest and very minimal fees.
               | 
               | Now, while I don't use Affirm for luxury/unnecessary
               | purchases, it offers better rates than any credit card I
               | have, and better than a bank loan in many cases.
               | 
               | I have three Affirm loans right now, for a total of about
               | $8k. All three of those are business expenses, and all
               | three have increased profit in our business significantly
               | more than they cost us.
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | I should have specified those durations are both
               | interest-free. If you don't pay your credit card off
               | after one month, it accrues interest at fairly high
               | rates.
        
             | firesteelrain wrote:
             | It's like layaway. Also you didn't really need credit
             | before to get them.
        
               | dh2022 wrote:
               | I guess it would make sense for larger purchases that
               | could not be paid within a month..,,
        
             | UltraSane wrote:
             | Lower interest because the seller pays the interest
        
               | dh2022 wrote:
               | But a lower interest expense is not relevant to a
               | consumer that pays the balance on time...
        
               | UltraSane wrote:
               | If you put the cost on a credit card and paid it off over
               | the same number of months you would pay a lot of
               | interest.
        
             | Tadpole9181 wrote:
             | A CC gives 1% cash back. Your bank's savings give 4%
             | interest. BNPL doesn't earn the cash back, but over a long
             | term you make more in interest for some purchases.
             | 
             | For small puchases with short repayment periods? Not a
             | clue.
        
             | Ancapistani wrote:
             | Structuring.
             | 
             | I've used them several times, mostly because they are
             | relatively cheap forms of credit for short durations (<12
             | months). I have plenty of credit available via traditional
             | credit cards, but BNPL --- to this point --- haven't
             | reported usage rates to the bureaus.
             | 
             | Last summer our A/C went out. It ended up being about $4.5k
             | to replace, and it was a heat emergency at the time. So I
             | put the whole thing on Affirm for three months, at 0%
             | interest. I paid about $50 in fees. That got us through the
             | immediate emergency and gave me time to shop around for a
             | better way to fund it.
             | 
             | I ended up taking out an auto loan with my credit union.
             | The rates were much cheaper than a personal/unsecured loan,
             | and I have three vehicles in the driveway without liens.
             | The loan was for four years, but I've already paid it off.
             | 
             | In a tighter situation, BNPL not impacting your credit
             | utilization rates is a _big_ benefit.
        
           | firesteelrain wrote:
           | Not if it shows a bunch of Affirm loans. You could look
           | overleveraged for say getting a mortgage
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | Are people taking out a large number of large Affirm loans
             | though?
        
             | bitmasher9 wrote:
             | 1. Maybe they are over leveraged, let a bank to decide with
             | all the data.
             | 
             | 2. BNPL often has short durations (3 months) so it's not a
             | long term problem for people with BNPL if they pay it all
             | back.
        
               | firesteelrain wrote:
               | Affirm can go up to 60 months on larger purchases
               | 
               | A bunch of tiny loans does not loom good
        
               | astura wrote:
               | Urban myth.
               | 
               | I successfully applied for a mortgage with ~30 credit
               | cards open. Nobody batted an eye, or even commented on
               | it. They looked at balances and credit score. Balances
               | were almost all zero and credit score was excellent.
               | 
               | A hundred small loans that were all paid off on time over
               | the last decade is extremely helpful getting you a
               | mortgage, it doesn't hurt.
        
               | firesteelrain wrote:
               | > Balances were almost all zero and credit score was
               | excellent
               | 
               | Not the same.
               | 
               | > hundred small loans that were all paid off on time over
               | the last decade is extremely helpful getting you a
               | mortgage
               | 
               | Again, not the same.
               | 
               | Affirm can be worse than credit cards because credit
               | cards are a single line of credit of X size. The people
               | using it don't realize that a bunch of tiny lines of
               | credit add up to a larger one ultimately and they can
               | find themselves overleveraged.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | I wonder how it will be implemented. Because for me,
               | Affirm shows my "purchasing power" almost like a credit
               | card, even if it's currently utilized across multiple
               | purchases. So I could see a difference between "making
               | payments on an open balance of $X on an account with $Y
               | purchasing power", even if those payments are subdivided
               | into the original purchases, versus, "You have 7 open
               | Affirm loans".
        
             | Ancapistani wrote:
             | Mortgages have always required you to disclose any BNPL
             | plans to my knowledge.
        
           | bediger4000 wrote:
           | We don't really know that. The algorithm is secret.
        
           | burnt-resistor wrote:
           | That's an incomplete answer because it doesn't take total
           | debt burden and history of payments into account over time.
           | Score is fluid and should decrease while debt burden is high
           | or increases. At the end though, score should improve
           | slightly because they are slightly more trustworthy having
           | repaid what was promised.
        
       | jppope wrote:
       | thats interesting. I was always wondering what the hustle was,
       | guess that was it- it was outside of the credit system
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | It already shows up when mortgage lenders do their checks,
         | AIUI.
        
           | hopelite wrote:
           | The irony is that it does not even really matter anymore at
           | this stage, especially with mortgages. So you get a few
           | points taken off because you have 800 vs 600 score, but it
           | won't really make a difference when both are on the same out
           | of control roller coasters where house prices have increased
           | by 100% in 7 years.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | US home prices haven't increased by 100% in 7 years. On a
             | national basis, the Case-Shiller index has only increased
             | by 65% (nominal dollars, not inflation adjusted).
             | 
             | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CSUSHPINSA
             | 
             | In the short term, the difference in mortgage interest
             | rates between prime versus subprime loans can have a major
             | impact on borrower cashflow and the type of property they
             | can afford.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | The hustle is mostly just getting merchants to eat bigger
         | discounts in hope of selling more volume. Instead of eating ~3%
         | interchange on a credit card, merchants eat ~6% subsidizing
         | short-term BNPL loans.
        
           | banannaise wrote:
           | Well, they're also doing the old "burn through VC cash in the
           | name of growth" thing.
        
       | ecshafer wrote:
       | This would probably only affect the people with the worst credit
       | scores I imagine. I just don't see a ton of 800+ credit score
       | people deciding to spend 5 payments of $20 for a pair of $80
       | shoes.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Plenty of people with good credit use BNPL loans; they are
         | offered on much higher cost items than $80.
        
           | quickthrowman wrote:
           | 1.5% back on the purchase via CC rewards beats earning 1%
           | over 3 months (4% yield) in a HYSA every time, anyone using
           | BNPL is using them suboptimally.
           | 
           | For a 3 month BNPL loan to be worth it, HYSA rates must be
           | over 6%, and actually a bit more due to the time value of
           | money; you get CC reward cash after the statement period but
           | it takes 90 days (and up to ~120 days) to get three monthly
           | interest payments.
        
         | ZYbCRq22HbJ2y7 wrote:
         | That would depend on the fees and interest, no?
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | I have so much extra money just laying around that I take
           | unnecessary risks and add complexity to my financial life for
           | kicks and giggles.
        
         | sodality2 wrote:
         | I always thought it was interesting that the BNPL loans'
         | interest is subsidized by the retailer, which pay the premium
         | in order to improve the chance of a sale (hoping to hone in on
         | those who can't afford it now and make it back on that extra
         | spend). Which means high credit score, wealthy spenders could
         | put everything they can on BNPL plans and profit the
         | (minuscule) interest over time, but if you can do that on big
         | purchases, maybe it'll add up. Same way credit cards work, if
         | you have the cash flow and always pay them off in full, you can
         | make a few bucks in a HYSA for the 40 ish days before the
         | statement.
         | 
         | I can see a future where a BNPL loan is not offered if the
         | signals the checkout page collects indicates wealth, since they
         | don't have an issue of cash flow stopping a purchase. Imagine a
         | loan that has a credit score maximum, not a minimum.
        
           | BrawnyBadger53 wrote:
           | Discriminating wealthy customers increases the risk profile
           | of the loans which is already questionably high. Retailers
           | are used to paying extra for credit card transactions
           | anyways. BNPL really is just meant to compete with credit
           | cards by splitting the runway across more months for the
           | loan. Equally predatory business model but credit cards are
           | able to offer the same interest amortization that you can do
           | with bnpl through the rewards programs. They're effectively
           | the same.
        
           | benmanns wrote:
           | I'm not sure. I'm sophisticated enough to use BNPL and set
           | aside the funds in a HYSA, but I never have as you miss out
           | on: credit card rewards, credit card purchase protection,
           | credit card extended warranties, credit card chargeback
           | infrastructure. Additionally, I've seen BNPL offers where the
           | first payment is in 2 weeks compared to 30-50 days for credit
           | cards depending on when your statement closes and how soon
           | you have to pay, so the extra interest is less than you might
           | think. It could make sense for very large purchases, but
           | then, that's also where credit card features can really come
           | in handy.
        
           | CPLX wrote:
           | This is a theory, but it flies directly in the face of
           | reality which is that nearly every retailer on the planet
           | would prefer more wealthy customers.
        
             | sodality2 wrote:
             | Eh, in the same way a lot of retailers offer student
             | discounts, they want to meet everyone at their maximum
             | spending limit to capture more of the demand curve. It
             | doesn't have to be one or the other; not offering BNPL
             | loans to wealthy customers aren't likely to tangibly affect
             | sales of that group.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Students are future wealthy customers.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | Except it's 4 payments of $20. The whole selling point is that
         | they're zero interest. It's CC float without the CC.
        
         | etchalon wrote:
         | A lot of BNPL loans are offered at 0% for X payments. Usually 6
         | months, sometimes 12 months on larger purchases.
         | 
         | Given current interest rates, I take that deal WHENEVER it's
         | offered.
        
         | p1necone wrote:
         | Shifting a cost forward a couple months interest free is a
         | great deal for people who are financially responsible,
         | especially if you have some other loan (like a mortgage) that
         | you could be paying off more of instead.
         | 
         | It's no different to the practice of using a credit card for
         | everything and then paying off in full a month later because
         | the credit card interest is lower (often zero if you pay off
         | within a month) than the mortgage interest.
        
           | mNovak wrote:
           | In the case of a 0% grace period sure I agree, but otherwise
           | in no world is credit card interest cheaper than a mortgage
           | over the same time period.
        
             | p1necone wrote:
             | You're right, I was misremembering - it's just the 0%
             | interest when you pay off the full balance every month that
             | makes this worth doing.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | I briefly looked into this, but I wasn't convinced the juice
           | was worth the squeeze. My cash is automatically getting ~4%,
           | but there's too much fine print to make sure the BNPL rate
           | really is 0%, I'm sacrificing 2% cash back, and missing one
           | payment makes the whole endeavor negative ROI.
        
             | kjellsbells wrote:
             | > fine print
             | 
             | I suspect this is where some buyers will get into trouble.
             | Theyll think they made a payment, or they miss a
             | notification that tells them to send this month's payment
             | to servicer X not Y, and before they realize, boom they are
             | in default and owe all the interest.
        
         | firesteelrain wrote:
         | A lot of young people where Affirm-ing their DoorDash etc. even
         | though they had the money
        
       | OptionOfT wrote:
       | What's interesting here is that normally BNPL only does a soft
       | check.
       | 
       | I wonder if this is going to change.
       | 
       | Equally, I find it weird that companies can ding your credit for
       | not paying but have no obligation to report on-time payments. It
       | should be both or none.
        
         | hopelite wrote:
         | Technically it is largely already built in as an assumption
         | that payments are made on time. You also don't lend to a friend
         | you will not be paid back by, will you? The credit score
         | reduction is merely a diversion from norm, i.e., the
         | expectation that you pay what you agree you owe.
         | 
         | Ironically, there is actually zero reward for being a reliable
         | person, there is only a punishment for being an unreliable
         | person; and with all the money printing, even the punishment
         | for being an unreliable person has been almost totally removed
         | and being reliable and upstanding is effectively a punishment
         | since you don't get to live like a king on a shoe string and
         | then declare bankruptcy and have credit extended to you
         | immediately afterwards because money is cheapened and
         | consequences are void.
        
           | DrillShopper wrote:
           | > You also don't lend to a friend you will not be paid back
           | by, will you?
           | 
           | I don't lend to friends and family. It's not worth losing
           | those bonds over. I'll help financially where I can, and I'm
           | not going to stop anyone paying me back, but I'm assuming
           | that money is just gone.
           | 
           | Completely different calculus compared to credit.
        
       | seatac76 wrote:
       | It probably makes sense to do so. Not that I condone the FICO
       | hustle. But small loans can add up quickly and delinquencies need
       | to be measured for financial market stability.
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | If you're paying for your food delivery on an installment plan,
         | you're probably going to have a blow up.
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/23/business/doordash-klarna-...
        
           | hopelite wrote:
           | The worst part is that it will equally affect all the
           | responsible people when it blows up just like it is affecting
           | them now when BNPL is just one more way in which demand is
           | artificially created that drives up prices.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | I don't understand people. If you need to use an installment
           | plan why the hell are you using DoorDash which is a luxury
           | ripoff?
           | 
           | I can afford it but I don't use it because it's obscene.
           | 
           | I'm tempted to say that some people are poor because they're
           | imbeciles with poor financial sense.
        
             | ProllyInfamous wrote:
             | >using DoorDash ... is a luxury ripoff
             | 
             | I live in a working-class neighborhood and it blows my mind
             | how often DoorDash visits my neighbors (particularly
             | considering there are dozens of restaurants within one
             | mile).
             | 
             | The only time I encourage delivery service is when we're
             | too intoxicated to drive.
        
               | pests wrote:
               | I stayed with distant family for a bit around COVID when
               | everyone was WFH. Him and his wife must have gotten 3-5
               | DoorDash deliveries a day pretty reliably, I was blown
               | away. Each ordering their own thing from different
               | restaurants. Random "I want a donut from 711 at 1am"
               | where I'm sure fees/tip were multiples of the actual food
               | cost. Sometimes the different drivers would arrive at the
               | same time and we'd have a little jam up on the porch.
        
               | ProllyInfamous wrote:
               | When COVID started my wealthiest elders decided to start
               | eating out _for every meal_ in order  "to support local
               | businesses." Ironically, they did not leave any tips
               | because "you don't tip unless you sit down in the
               | restaurant." You're not helping in the way you think you
               | are, Gramps.
        
         | quitit wrote:
         | Yes it's a bit odd that the article poses the question if this
         | will help or harm credit seekers. The point of the system is to
         | provide transparency.
         | 
         | What does need to happen however is that these inputs are
         | properly weighted such that those using FICO can make
         | appropriate decisions. Similar to credit cards, numerous BNPL-
         | purchases do not necessarily indicate that the debtor is in
         | financial trouble. They could merely be using the services for
         | the other conveniences they offer. Whereas seeking numerous
         | loans is usually a negative metric.
        
           | xyst wrote:
           | > The point of the system is to provide transparency.
           | 
           | FICO scoring is far from "transparent".
        
       | PostOnce wrote:
       | Theoretically, credit should be used for one thing: to make more
       | money. (not less)
       | 
       | However, instead of using it to buy or construct a machine to
       | triple what you can produce in an hour, the average person is
       | using it to delay having to work that hour at all, in exchange
       | for having to work an hour and six minutes sometime later.
       | 
       | At some point, you run out of hours available and the house of
       | cards collapses.
       | 
       | i.e., credit can buy time in the nearly literal sense, you can do
       | an hour's work in half an hour because the money facilitates it,
       | meaning you can now make more money. If instead of investing in
       | work you're spending on play, then you end up with a time
       | deficit.
       | 
       | or, e.g. you can buy 3 franchises in 3 months instead of 3 years
       | (i.e. income from the 1 franchise), trading credit for time to
       | make more money, instead of burning it. It'd have been nice had
       | they taught me this in school.
        
         | Neywiny wrote:
         | I think that's a bit disingenuous. It's not always delaying
         | work. There's only so much time and there are some people who
         | cannot afford to live with the time in the day, the skillset
         | they have, and the market conditions (both income and
         | expenses). Your tone and word choice shows you don't understand
         | the problem at all.
         | 
         | If somebody can BNPL or otherwise credit lifesaving medicine
         | (such as the many people in the USA who die from inability to
         | afford healthcare), that's not play money because they don't
         | want to work.
        
           | PostOnce wrote:
           | Obviously there are edge cases. Debt can be a form of
           | insurance for the individual.
           | 
           | However, I stood in line behind someone who financed a bowl
           | of noodles with afterpay, and it got me thinking. Those are
           | the folks I'm talking about.
        
             | Neywiny wrote:
             | Sure, but could that not be an edge case? I'd imagine most
             | people aren't sharing the sadder parts of their life. Or,
             | is it possible they spent the rest of their money on
             | everything more important? Could be argued they should cook
             | at home but still.
        
             | etchalon wrote:
             | So you're using a single person you stood behind in a line
             | for a massive generalization but calling one of the largest
             | sources of consumer debt in the US an edge-case?
             | 
             | Neat.
        
             | janalsncm wrote:
             | It's not an edge case. The vast majority of debt is
             | mortgages and student loans. Things that people pretty much
             | need, unless you happen to have the upfront cash.
        
         | UltraSane wrote:
         | I'm currently living off of investment gains from high interest
         | consumer loans.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | For a lot of folks, credit is the only way they're surviving on
         | something close to minimum wage. Or credit was the only "safety
         | net" they had during a rough time. Almost none of these people
         | have the kind of collateral needed to use credit to truly
         | transform their lives, and the government assistance for that
         | is seriously lacking in the US (SBA loans are terrible, and you
         | need enough money to cover your own salary until your business
         | gets up and running).
        
           | gottorf wrote:
           | > credit is the only way they're surviving on something close
           | to minimum wage. Or credit was the only "safety net" they had
           | during a rough time
           | 
           | In my experience, the average American has no concept of
           | saving money, and those below average even less.
           | 
           | It's funny to me that America gets flak from all over the
           | world for having no social safety net; if this was actually
           | true, you'd expect to see people put aside a bit of their
           | income, however meager it may be, out of an expectation that
           | they will need it. What do you see in practice? You see
           | people dashing over to the nearest rent-to-own rims shop. (If
           | you don't know poor people, you may not know such businesses
           | exist.)
           | 
           | > Almost none of these people have the kind of collateral
           | needed to use credit to truly transform their lives, and the
           | government assistance for that is seriously lacking in the US
           | 
           | I doubt that greater availability of credit, perhaps
           | facilitated through government subsidy, is what precludes the
           | majority of such people from transforming their lives.
        
             | Arainach wrote:
             | When everything around suggests that the system is rigged
             | against you and care against you, it's no surprise that
             | many people live for the moment and try to find some small
             | bit of pleasure or joy in the moment without planning for a
             | future that may not come.
             | 
             | It's easy to say "why don't they save more?" from an upper
             | or middle class stability, but when the price of everything
             | keeps going up, the police are out to get you, and
             | healthcare is just a fast track to debt that will take away
             | any savings or assets you managed to have, what's the
             | point?
        
               | bluecalm wrote:
               | It would be easier to buy that argument if it wasn't
               | happening in countries where healthcare is not fast track
               | to debt and police is not out there to get you. I come
               | from such a country and a lot of financially struggling
               | people overspent on status symbols all the time.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | Sure, because status matters more than finances. Getting
               | rich may be extremely unlikely if not outright
               | impossible. Looking rich to your peers (and "feeling
               | rich") on the other hand may just be a few years worth of
               | small affordable installments away - even if it's
               | completely superficial and short-lived. And entire
               | industries will literally spend your every waking second
               | trying to convince you that buying their product will
               | make you feel rich.
        
               | klabb3 wrote:
               | You don't even need an industry to convince you. Eg
               | former Soviet countries were/are notorious for being
               | obsessed with material luxury.
        
               | bluecalm wrote:
               | It has nothing to do with credit. The whole buy-now-pay-
               | later, 0% rates or pay-day loans industry came much later
               | here. The same goes for predatory marketing industry.
               | 
               | When I went to elementary school everyone was poor as it
               | was a year after communism collapsed. People were still
               | spending their last money on shiny things back then even
               | if those shiny things weren't as shiny as they are today.
               | 
               | >>Getting rich may be extremely unlikely if not outright
               | impossible
               | 
               | Again, in communist and then post communist countries no
               | one thought we could be rich. The things we thought about
               | back then was being able to buy enough food and trying to
               | educate ourselves as education was valued in itself in
               | some families. Even back then a lot of people spent their
               | last money on pointless shiny things.
               | 
               | I feel Americans and some Western Europeans look for ways
               | to justify dumb behavior and come up with all those
               | theories that have nothing to do with human nature. If
               | you grow up in a country where everyone is the same race,
               | everyone is poor (at least for a few years), the police
               | is not out there to get you and healthcare is free even
               | if terrible and you still witness people making the same
               | stupid decisions you realize it has nothing to do with
               | those theories and everything to do with education,
               | values and ability to make sensible decisions.
        
               | scythe wrote:
               | I think you're half right. But there _are_ cultures in
               | which people save money. (You can just run a web search
               | for  "savings rate".)
               | 
               | My hypothesis is that "human" nature does play a role,
               | specifically a very general phenomenon in animal
               | psychology called "observational learning". If you see
               | people around you who saved money and it worked out for
               | them, you're more likely to imitate those people. Saving
               | money probably isn't instinctive for the vast majority,
               | but that doesn't mean it's unattainable.
               | 
               | Taking the contrapositive, if we look at cultures where
               | people don't save money, it's probably because of a lack
               | of successful role models. Saving money hasn't worked out
               | for people in that culture in the past, so there's nobody
               | to imitate. There are always going to be a few people who
               | do save money, but if they get wiped out by medical debt,
               | rampant hyperinflation, or some other systemic crises, or
               | if the country's bankruptcy laws are so generous that
               | their spendthrift counterparts ultimately live better
               | than they do, then their behavior is less likely to catch
               | on.
               | 
               | In the US, savings culture has been decimated by years of
               | QE and ZIRP, so the people who poured all of their money
               | into housing and stocks did better than the cautious
               | types. Skeptics have claimed for years that this will
               | lead to an awful hangover. We'll see.
        
               | barchar wrote:
               | It has a lot to do with the structure of economies.
               | Usually they're big exporters with fairly stable
               | currencies. The differences in savings rates are super
               | huge, even within cultural groups.
               | 
               | Demographics also play a role as does inequality.
        
               | lan321 wrote:
               | This is a bit too romantic imo. From my eyes, it's
               | mostly:
               | 
               | "An old AMG at 20 is better than a new Ferrari at 60."
               | 
               | There's a slider for how well you want to live your early
               | vs late life. If you work hard, you'll be better off
               | later, and if you go crazy early on, you'll be worse off
               | later. However, there is a point in that you can't catch
               | up on 20-year-old sex, getting drunk or drugged up out of
               | your mind or general fun with friends at 60.
        
               | barchar wrote:
               | There is a ceiling on how much you can spend on these
               | things. Generally it is not fun to get drunk or high that
               | frequently, and in the limit you die.
        
               | lan321 wrote:
               | I'm not and never have been into drugs, alcohol and
               | clubbing, so I don't know the limit.
               | 
               | The most I've seen was a ~1k EUR monthly budget for drugs
               | by a person I knew whose main hobby was drugs. It's not
               | astronomical, but we were both students in ~300 EUR/month
               | dorms. It also affected his career progress. Lectures at
               | 8 AM don't mix well with coke the night before.
               | 
               | With cars, the sky's the limit. I'm making 6 digits, and
               | I can still ruin myself financially in a weekend.
               | 
               | And it's not just financially. I love motorcycles because
               | they're cheap, but if I have a proper accident, it'd set
               | me back months if not forever.
        
             | clipsy wrote:
             | > It's funny to me that America gets flak from all over the
             | world for having no social safety net; if this was actually
             | true, you'd expect to see people put aside a bit of their
             | income, however meager it may be, out of an expectation
             | that they will need it.
             | 
             | Congratulations, you've just discovered that human beings
             | are not perfect rational actors.
        
               | sorcerer-mar wrote:
               | Economists hate this one weird trick!
        
               | msgodel wrote:
               | I mean I guess they get some perceived value out of the
               | rims that makes the stability trade off worth it.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | Whatever you put aside is not going to be enough to
               | prevent complete financial ruin if shit hits the fan. You
               | might be able to cover smaller emergencies like an
               | appliance breaking or your car needing repairs but
               | literally just giving birth or being in an accident can
               | bankrupt you in the US. I'm not at all surprised low to
               | medium income Americans would just give up and accept
               | their inevitable financial ruin instead of trying to be
               | maximally frugal and socially ostracize yourself, forego
               | most forms of entertainment/recreation and still not be
               | able to get out of survival mode.
               | 
               | Desperation is a good motivator - but not for rational
               | actions. It triggers our survival instincts: hoard what
               | you can, feed on what you can get, grow fat, make rash
               | decisions. This is what the modern economy is built on.
               | FOMO, impulse shopping, conspicuous consumption, high
               | calorie fast food, deals and discounts on overpriced
               | goods, planned obsolescence, etc. We need consumers to be
               | perpetually desperate and starving. Credit just means we
               | can circumvent Henry Ford's problem of them not being
               | able to afford to buy anything because they still can't
               | afford it but are able to pay for it until their credit
               | line runs out.
        
               | msgodel wrote:
               | People need to stop moving out of their parent's house if
               | they can't be stable. That's the root cause of a lot of
               | the problems in the US.
        
               | boroboro4 wrote:
               | We need to change money flows and redistribute wealth so
               | people can have a hope of saving some money, because they
               | actually can make more money than they absolutely need.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | And then you have the same people complaining about low
               | birth rates...
        
               | msgodel wrote:
               | Does living independently before you get married make you
               | more or less likely to have kids? That would be an
               | interesting statistic.
        
               | banannaise wrote:
               | This assumes, among other things, that they come from a
               | stable home that has space for them and access to the
               | things they need to create and maintain an income stream.
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | If you look at the home ownership rates of that
               | generation it would be a fair assumption
        
               | RiverCrochet wrote:
               | This is now happening.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | You can't individual financial education your way out of
             | systemic poverty.
             | 
             | Furthermore, the common pattern where poorer people spend
             | money as soon as they get it is, in fact, rational when you
             | look at it from their perspective rather than your own
             | (which, as with most people attempting to moralize to poor
             | people about their choices, appears to be a perspective of
             | "you should be doing absolutely everything you can to
             | maximize your net cash flow").
             | 
             | First of all, people _need_ things like little luxuries. A
             | Starbucks coffee here. A joint to smoke there. We are not,
             | and cannot make ourselves, robots who live only to produce.
             | 
             | Second of all, they know, from experience going all the way
             | back to childhood, that if they have an opportunity to
             | splurge a little _now_ and don 't take it, they'll lose
             | that opportunity.
             | 
             | Third of all, they similarly know that regardless of
             | whether they splurge on an ice cream cone today because
             | it's 90degF out, whatever financial trouble that comes
             | tomorrow to eat up the little surplus that makes that
             | possible _will still put them in debt_. Being in debt $150
             | instead of $145 just doesn 't make that much difference.
             | And if they wanted to avoid that particular debt entirely,
             | they'd have to give up 30 separate instances of "I have an
             | extra $5 today, let me get something to make life a little
             | less shitty".
             | 
             | The only solution to the problems that lead to people not
             | being able to save is increasing the amount of money they
             | get paid.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | There's also family situations where liquid savings are
               | at risk of being spent by somebody else. I don't think
               | the marshmallow test people factor that in, you'd need to
               | have a third option where the kid waits dutifully for the
               | extra marshmallow but it gets eaten by someone else in
               | the meantime.
        
               | vintermann wrote:
               | Yes. And that doesn't have to be an addict family member
               | or a burglar, it can easily be e.g. a landlord who sees
               | that you have more money, and charges you more money.
               | There are a lot of people in a position to make you give
               | up what you have, if they see that there's money to be
               | squeezed.
               | 
               | This is even more true collectively: as an individual,
               | maybe you can get out by being 50% more frugal than the
               | rest. But everyone can't be 50% more frugal than the
               | rest. If everyone tries, it's even more likely that
               | larger society claws it back through higher rents, lower
               | wages etc.
        
               | barchar wrote:
               | Everyone can't be 50% more frugal than everyone else, but
               | it's possible for "everyone else" to be something other
               | than 3-4% (the current US savings rate).
               | 
               | The money to sustain a high savings rate without a
               | collapse in wages/demand ultimately comes from the
               | government deficit, or deflation I suppose. This can be
               | sustained even without productive real investment, if
               | people just want savings the money will just sit around
               | or repay debt without bidding anything up in the economy.
               | 
               | > landlord who sees that you have more money, and charges
               | you more money.
               | 
               | You were getting a good deal then. Can happen with
               | "affordable" housing I suppose.
        
               | klabb3 wrote:
               | This. If you're poor and get money, there are all kinds
               | of people interested in getting a slice, and if you're a
               | good person, you'll probably have family members who
               | genuinely could use it for necessities. Govt/creditors
               | can also apply systemic pressure like "oh you no longer
               | qualify as poor this week, so we'll take back your
               | benefits". Well thanks, now I'm poor again.
               | 
               | Employers especially don't like when people break out of
               | poverty, because as soon as they have a buffer they can
               | make choices and bargain. So there's a lot of deep pocket
               | incentive to keep people in their place.
        
             | DragonStrength wrote:
             | > You see people dashing over to the nearest rent-to-own
             | rims shop. (If you don't know poor people, you may not know
             | such businesses exist.)
             | 
             | And many on this site don't recognize a racist dog whistle
             | I guess.
        
             | thrance wrote:
             | I'm picturing you in my head as one of those 19th century
             | Englishmen, writing about how being poor is a moral failure
             | and the famine in Ireland is actually a punishment from God
             | and thus nothing should be done about it.
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | You can't really survive on that. It's a snowballing
           | situation. It's perhaps a strategy to avert impending
           | catastrophe but it's like pitching an airplane down to gain
           | speed when the engine is stalling. If it gets you to restart
           | the engine the brief nosedive may let you survive, but if you
           | have to keep turning the nose more and more vertical, the
           | you're gonna meet the ground.
        
             | klabb3 wrote:
             | Good analogy.
        
           | barchar wrote:
           | You need money to cover your expenses. Forgoing the rest of
           | your salary is a very, very cheap form of leverage.
           | 
           | For the risk to make sense you probably do already need
           | enough, though.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | > _Theoretically, credit should be used for one thing: to make
         | more money._
         | 
         | I disagree.
         | 
         | You use credit to buy a car or buy a house when you don't have
         | the cash to buy them up-front.
         | 
         | It's not so you can use them to make money, it's so you can use
         | them to _enjoy life_.
         | 
         | > _At some point, you run out of hours available and the house
         | of cards collapses._
         | 
         | Only if you go too far. The point is to buy things knowing what
         | they'll cost monthly and for how long, and to budget those as
         | part of your monthly expenses. As long as you can always handle
         | those, you will never run out of hours available and it's not a
         | house of cards. Nothing collapses. You pay off your car; you
         | pay off your mortgage.
         | 
         | You seem to be treating this as something black-and-white when
         | it's not. It's an incredibly useful tool when used with
         | budgeting. Not "to make more money" but to have a better life
         | for you and your family for when it matters the most. Nobody
         | wants to wait until the kids have graduated from college to be
         | able to buy their first house.
         | 
         | And even with credit _cards_ -- yes you generally want to be
         | paying them off in full monthly. But if you want to take a
         | vacation a couple months before you could otherwise fully pay
         | for it, it 's really nice to have that convenience too. Not to
         | mention covering some expenses for a few months if you lose
         | your job. They're a tool to be used responsibly.
        
           | gottorf wrote:
           | > They're a tool to be used responsibly.
           | 
           | I used to hate to take the position that government should
           | save people from themselves, but I've moderated a lot on it.
           | Some people clearly cannot use credit responsibly.
        
             | bonoboTP wrote:
             | Societies used to understand this and put lots of limits
             | around exploiting people, such as banning interest rates.
             | But there is no unalloyed good. That ban also blocked rapid
             | economic development as seen in the 19th century, where
             | credit was absolutely critical for railroad construction
             | and other infrastructure like electric or plumbing.
             | 
             | It's a real dilemma with tradeoffs, where slogans and
             | soundbites don't work. Having opportunity means you may
             | squander it. Too many guardrails on life paths and behavior
             | blocks meritocratic social mobility as well as
             | opportunities and motivation.
             | 
             | Since conditions are changing too fast there is no
             | appropriate crystallized wisdom about it. There is no
             | wealth of myths that would define how to live. The best we
             | are able to say is the non-instruction to "be free" and to
             | tap into your authentic self and author your life path with
             | freedom and agency.
             | 
             | In biology one can distinguish evolved traits and behaviors
             | (instincts) from learned ones. The latter can adapt much
             | faster to the situation. Even better than learning from
             | environmental feedback over one's lifetime is planning and
             | simulating possible futures and deciding based on that.
             | Somewhere between the individual lifetime and the genetic
             | evolution levels, there is also the level of culture that
             | used to reshape much slower than a single lifetime, taking
             | lessons and condensing them over generations into
             | templates. But more amd more as we diverge from the
             | ancestral environmental conditions of the savannah and
             | hunting-gathering in tight knit tribes and clans, we can
             | less and less rely on biological instinct, cultural
             | bedrock, wisdom from the parents' generation, what you
             | learned a decade ago, and so on. We are forced to adapt and
             | outmaneuver the shifting landscape faster than ever. More
             | and more things pulling in entirely opposite directions. A
             | vortex of stimuli to cut through with a machete-like mental
             | strength. But most people are not built for this, and even
             | those who are, constantly have to gamble and guess and rely
             | on luck and hindsight.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Ban personal liability on loans (full recourse).
               | 
               | If the lender can only take the _thing_ (like
               | repossession of the car or foreclosure of the house) and
               | can't go after the borrower for the difference, lots of
               | problems solve themselves.
               | 
               | Credit can still exist in various secured ways, business
               | credit is barely impacted for real businesses, and people
               | stop being able to go way below zero.
        
               | anajskkdbf wrote:
               | > Societies used to understand this and put lots of
               | limits around exploiting
               | 
               | They still do (at least in the US). Jewish people have
               | access to Heter Iska loans according to their religion.
               | They do not extend this to gentiles.
               | 
               | Humans have known for a long time usury is inherently
               | predatory. Nobody should profit off simply having money.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | And yet, the banker truly gives me value if I wish to
               | start a business, or upgrade an existing one, and I don't
               | have the capital to do so. I need money to make money,
               | and am willing to pay for the privilege of using someone
               | else's money.
        
               | parpfish wrote:
               | There's also a second order effect of the people using
               | easy loans/credit money leading to higher prices for
               | everybody else. The cheap options will disappear if
               | there's a big chunk of the population that will go in
               | debt to get the pricier option.
               | 
               | Why sell $1 tacos when customers are willing to Klarna an
               | $8 burrito?
               | 
               | Why make a school with affordable tuition when students
               | are willing to take out $100k loans?
        
               | bonoboTP wrote:
               | This definitely happens. It's like giving cheap loans to
               | young couples who are having their first child, which was
               | introduced in Hungary. But without more available
               | housing, the market simply prices it in that suddenly
               | people are able to pay more using this cheap credit, and
               | supply and demand just makes it settle at a higher price.
               | 
               | Credit is basically a loan from the future. Except that's
               | obviously impossible. Time travel doesn't exist, so it's
               | just economic fiction. In the end the math has to add up
               | in terms of real material goods and services right now.
               | People can only reshuffle the goods among themselves, any
               | trade with the future may be a useful fiction to simplify
               | accounting but is obviously just fiction.
               | 
               | This is a bit like saving money for your retirement. It's
               | a fiction. If there aren't enough young people working as
               | nurses to put you in your diapers, then there simply
               | aren't. A pensioner is not using the goods that they made
               | decades ago. Their work dissipated there and then, and
               | now decades later the only value they can consume is the
               | one generated in real time by the actually existing
               | working population.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | I think the problem is that we left exploitation of
               | people under the umbrella of government open and so all
               | the demand for exploitation has sailed under that flag.
               | 
               | You've got the tire companies lobbying states to up the
               | tread depth for their safety inspections. The HVAC people
               | got refrigerant restricted so that you have to be a
               | license holder to buy it (artificially increasing demand
               | for their service). The plumbing trade groups have a
               | dozen states convinced that you need a license to install
               | a gas dryer, etc, etc.
               | 
               | It's all the same "screw an extra buck out of the public"
               | industry group and cartel behavior we had a century ago,
               | but government just has a seat at the table and gets a
               | cut this time around.
        
           | hotstickyballs wrote:
           | Both transportation and shelter are important to earn money
        
           | Jcampuzano2 wrote:
           | If you're using credit to buy a car, most people do so in
           | order to get to and from their place of work for the majority
           | of their driving time. In that way, using credit to buy a car
           | still fits into their theoretical model. For example I know
           | plenty of people who completely got rid of their cars when
           | remote work became more common, or at the very least
           | consolidated to smaller cars or to less cars for a family.
           | 
           | Similar thinking for a house. A lot of people when buying a
           | house go into it with the assumption that it is an
           | appreciating asset that will gain value over time. Yes there
           | are other factors of course like wanting to live closer to
           | schools or in the suburbs/good areas, etc. But regardless
           | this is commonly to facilitate a life that lends itself to
           | you continuing to be able to make money comfortably.
           | 
           | Regarding vacations, no financial expert recommends using a
           | card without the intention of not paying for it. If your plan
           | is to book the vacation on credit for anything other than the
           | benefits of your credit card points systems you might as well
           | not use it at all. And all recommend not using credit cards
           | and instead an emergency fund if you lose your job.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | No. You can rent and you can take the bus. Or rent and buy
             | a crazy cheap old used car.
             | 
             | A house and a decent car are not primarily about making
             | money. They're about your quality of life.
             | 
             | > _And all recommend not using credit cards and instead an
             | emergency fund if you lose your job._
             | 
             | And if you already used your emergency fund on, say, a
             | medical emergency...?
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | Yes because American public transit is so great and now
               | you have to get up hours earlier and come home later -
               | not great if you have kids or you actually want to spend
               | time with your significant other.
               | 
               | Also what happens when that cheap old car doesn't start
               | in the morning when you need to get to work or pick your
               | kids up from day care/school or need to be home when they
               | get off the bus?
               | 
               | Where are you going to get the money to fix that old car?
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | You present some very daunting problems that the young
               | and working class have to deal with (I know, I was both
               | of those decades ago and struggled myself).
               | 
               | Credit to buy a new car though is still generally a bad
               | solution. We should fix the other things you mentioned.
               | 
               | I would like to see laws allowing extreme low-cost
               | vehicles (equivalent to golf carts, I guess) allowed on
               | designated roads. A special inexpensive insurance proviso
               | for them.
               | 
               | That you need something like $30K to buy a new car in the
               | U.S. is insane.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | How are you going to safely have a golf cart on a
               | highway? And what good is a car that can't get you
               | everywhere you need to go?
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | To go between work and my apartment, I didn't need the
               | highway. As I have said in another thread, I made do with
               | a 10-speed bicycle, frcrisake. I don't expect everyone
               | else to be able to do that though.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > I would like to see laws allowing extreme low-cost
               | vehicles (equivalent to golf carts, I guess) allowed on
               | designated roads. A special inexpensive insurance proviso
               | for them.
               | 
               | These already exist! You maybe haven't heard about them
               | because they're largely a failure beyond niche
               | applications. They're mostly used for things like
               | hospitality shuttles, facility maintenance, meter maids,
               | etc.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-speed_vehicle
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighborhood_electric_vehic
               | le
               | 
               | The problem is that they don't make sense for most
               | people, e.g:
               | 
               | 1. You can't operate them on high speed roads. The US has
               | a lot of high speed roads, particularly in areas that are
               | poorer.
               | 
               | 2. They aren't cheaper than a used car. A street legal
               | Cushman or GEM starts at about $16k. A _brand new_ Nissan
               | Versa is only about $1-2k more, is wildly better
               | equipped, and has more accessible financing. Good $10k
               | used cars are available on every street corner in every
               | poor neighborhood with extremely accessible financing.
               | 
               | 3. They are weird. It is much more socially acceptable to
               | drive a similarly priced used car.
               | 
               | 4. They lack features that used cars have. Many control
               | cost by omitting basic features such as doors and climate
               | control.
               | 
               | 5. The places where you can use them (low speed
               | neighborhood roads) are already more likely to be
               | accessible by alternative means of transportation.
               | (busses, bikes, walking)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | > A street legal Cushman or GEM starts at about $16k
               | 
               | I see a business opportunity.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Where? 'cause I'm not seeing it.
               | 
               | I'm guessing you're taking issue with the price? Meh,
               | that's just what it costs to make a decent product. You
               | can (or at least used to be able to) get hot garbage
               | manufactured abroad for less, but it doesn't meet the
               | standards of what anyone would reasonably get, and they
               | don't compare favorably to even a bad used car.
               | 
               | You might find this interesting:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRG0Wai4sR0
               | 
               | I remember when you could get a $10k new car... but if
               | you adjust for inflation, we still have those cars today
               | (now they're $20k), and they're actually better than the
               | $10k cars back then.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Lol what bus?
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | My daughter went a year to and from work by bus in Omaha.
               | Yeah, it sucked. But we should instead be trying to fix
               | that rather than just tell people "Let them eat credit."
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Fixing takes time. I need to get to work _today_ or else
               | I 'm fired and homeless in a few weeks.
        
               | Libcat99 wrote:
               | 8 years ago I bought a house. My monthly rent was 1300
               | and mortgage/escrow/repair savings were instead 2000.
               | Rent went up $100-$200 a year.
               | 
               | My son is looking for rentals in our same community and
               | the equivalent rental to what I had is now around $3000.
               | 
               | Even ignoring appreciation, in the long term there was a
               | cash flow savings.
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | > there was a cash flow savings
               | 
               | ... in your case. There was a cash flow savings in your
               | case.
               | 
               | I've moved several times and done the math each time.
               | Sometime it's been more cost effective to own, sometimes
               | to rent. There are a lot of factors that go into that
               | calculation, and the math doesn't always fall on the side
               | of buying. That's especially true if you don't expect to
               | be in a house for decades.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | > My son is looking for rentals in our same community and
               | the equivalent rental to what I had is now around $3000.
               | 
               | Good for you. Bad for your son or anyone living in your
               | community.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Agree. I wonder though if the tone of your comment
               | doesn't come across as casting blame on the person who
               | got the mortgage years ago.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | It's not intended to, although it is intended to be
               | blunt.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Yep, I have never taken a loan out to buy a vehicle --
               | even though I have always needed one to make money.
               | 
               | When I was working a pizza place, going to JuCo, I had a
               | 10-speed bike for transportation. (Yeah, even in the shit
               | Kansas winters, I was riding to JuCo along the just-
               | plowed roads. Now get off my lawn!)
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The odds of two emergencies are low enough that you can
               | ignore this. Not that it doesn't happen, but it isn't
               | that common. If you expect two emergencies you should
               | have more in the fund to cover it.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _If you expect two emergencies_
               | 
               | Emergencies are unexpected.
               | 
               | And a lot of people simply don't have the money to build
               | up that kind of fund. To suggest that they "should" is to
               | be pretty out-of-touch with the realities of a lot of
               | people. Sometimes they need to rely on credit, because
               | there aren't any alternatives. So that credit becomes a
               | lifeline, a good thing.
        
           | bitmasher9 wrote:
           | Let's say you finance $40,000 in auto debt over 5 years. With
           | a low interest rate of 6% paying $6,300 in interest. That's
           | over 15% of the amount borrowed! Many people have lager rates
           | over longer periods.
           | 
           | Now consider what would happen if you invested that $6,300
           | for 30 years instead of spent it on interest. You're losing
           | out on tens of thousands of dollars in total lifetime wealth.
           | 
           | When you borrow money to "enjoy life" it can quickly end up
           | costing 2x what it would if you spent the money outright,
           | even if you borrowed at low rates.
        
             | scarface_74 wrote:
             | Well seeing that you need a car to go to work to have money
             | to invest in the first place...
             | 
             | And before you say "buy an old beater", then you have to
             | contend with an unreliable car that may cause you to be
             | late to work and get fired. It's also much easier and
             | cheaper to get a car loan for a newish car than to borrow
             | money to fix a car.
        
               | bitmasher9 wrote:
               | Im just encouraging people to do the math, and to
               | consider borrowing smaller amounts of money over shorter
               | periods of time.
        
               | allenrb wrote:
               | As a young person, I was in the "own an old beater"
               | category for many years. That said, I knew how to
               | maintain and repair most of what could go wrong. That
               | stick shift 1995 Accord had over 300,000 miles when a
               | school bus finally totaled it while parked.
               | 
               | But for most people, maybe not the right answer. There's
               | a middle ground. There are some very affordable vehicles
               | out there with good warranties. Buy one and for a few
               | hundred a month, you get five years free of worry.
               | 
               | Of course, who does that? What I see are mostly SUVs and
               | other "image" vehicles that cost more to buy and more to
               | run. Frugality just hasn't been an American trait in
               | recent years, though it seems to be changing in some
               | groups.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | I don't think you need to know a lot about cars to get
               | good value out of them. I had an old ford ranger and all
               | I did was get new tires when they tread wore off, get new
               | brake pads when they started squeaking, and get the oil
               | changed when the little sticker said to. I put 350k miles
               | on that truck.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | And if you are already living check to check, buying an
               | old beater they you don't know the condition of is more
               | risky and harder to come up with the cash as things go
               | wrong like the engine and the transmission.
               | 
               | It's completely different than buying a slightly used car
               | and keeping it forever where you know the wear and tear
               | patterns on it and you know how you treat it.
        
             | 7speter wrote:
             | Its kind of funny how the people who don't want to work
             | with "lazy," mangly, poor people with bad teeth are the
             | first ones to tell poor people how they could've made
             | interest on 6300 dollars over 30 years.
        
               | bitmasher9 wrote:
               | It's pretty rude to make personal assumptions based on a
               | comment on the internet. My entire focus on the comment
               | is providing education about the opportunity cost of
               | borrowing money.
        
             | eadmund wrote:
             | The trick is to borrow $40,000 to buy the car at 6% and
             | keep your $40,000 invested making more than 6%. Even at 7%
             | annually, you'd make $16,102 over five years (1.075 x
             | $40,000). For that matter, at 6.1% annually, you'd make
             | $13,782 (1.0615 x $40,000). Heck, even at _5.9%_ , you'd
             | make $13,277! The reason why you make more even with a
             | lower rate is that you pay less interest each month with
             | the amortising loan!
             | 
             | The trouble is if one borrows that $40,000 to buy a brand-
             | new car (which will lose $16,000 over five years), or if
             | one borrows that $40,000 and doesn't have or doesn't invest
             | $40,000, or both. Life's a lot easier if you already have
             | the money.
        
               | bitmasher9 wrote:
               | Personally borrow and invest over shorter periods of time
               | (less than 10 years) has too high of a risk portfolio for
               | me, especially with a depreciating asset.
               | 
               | What if there is a market downturn, and you're out not
               | only the decrease in value of your assets but also the
               | interest in your loan. I admit this is down to personal
               | preference and risk tolerance.
        
               | SirMaster wrote:
               | Well if you can't survive a downturn and the risk then no
               | you shouldn't do it. But if you can then you should and
               | in the long run you will end up ahead.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | This ignores the fundamental equation                   T =
           | kM
           | 
           | where "T" is time, "M" is money, and k is some constant.
        
           | zajio1am wrote:
           | > You use credit to buy a car or buy a house when you don't
           | have the cash to buy them up-front.
           | 
           | Still the same principle - you buy long-term asset that makes
           | rent-equivalent money if you rented that otherwise. That is
           | different than borrowing for immediate consumption.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | You can't deny the strong ability to make money using credit
           | or debt though.
           | 
           | No it's not the _only_ way you can use it, but it 's a pretty
           | big way that a lot of people do successfully use it.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > > Theoretically, credit should be used for one thing: to
           | make more money.
           | 
           | > I disagree.
           | 
           | > You use credit to buy a car or buy a house when you don't
           | have the cash to buy them up-front.
           | 
           | There's no contradiction with GP here.
           | 
           | Financing a car or buying a house on mortgage might well save
           | somebody money in the long term (e.g. by allowing them to
           | take on a job to which they have to commute by car, or saving
           | on future rent payments).
           | 
           | If that's the case (and that highly depends on individual
           | circumstances), this still counts as "making more money" -
           | via spending less money.
           | 
           | The real question is: How do you feel about borrowing money
           | used to buy depreciating assets or consumables?
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | I think my understanding has come to the fact that loans and
         | interest can smooth out your financial situation: When I was
         | single especially I had a lot of savings building, I was making
         | interest and making money. Then when I had a kid, I end up
         | paying that interest back, because expenses for a kid are way
         | above what I can healthily operate in this economy, and I
         | needed more financial products to cover that. But that's also
         | not forever: As soon as a kid's in school and you aren't
         | sending an entire paycheck a month to the daycare, you can
         | establish a upward financial pattern again.
         | 
         | It'd be nice if kids were an affordable choice for anyone
         | expect Elon Musk, but you know, here we are. \o/
        
         | ajsnigrutin wrote:
         | This is all true if you have enough for the basics and are
         | looking above the minimum survival costs.
         | 
         | Just to make the money you are making now, you need some stuff,
         | be it a phone or a car, home AC, oven or even a washing machine
         | at home (you can't go to work hungry in dirty clothes).
         | 
         | If you don't have the money to pay with cash, you'll be buying
         | that oven/stove with whatever delayed/monthly payment option is
         | available.
         | 
         | Yes, if you're buying franchises you can do the "make more
         | money" calculations, but if your kids are going to be hungry
         | soon, you often have no choice.
        
           | Jcampuzano2 wrote:
           | You are literally describing using credit as a tool to make
           | more money, just some in a slightly more indirect way, thus
           | you are not in disagreement.
        
         | thephyber wrote:
         | You are conflating what actions would maximize the long term
         | returns to the individual with the status quo which is that
         | credit increases liquidity of the average family, who has most
         | of their wealth tied up in home equity.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | Not sure what you mean by the "average person" here but the
         | biggest kinds of debt are mortgages ($12T) and cc debt, student
         | loans, and car loans (roughly 4T total).
         | 
         | Is your position that taking debt to buy a house is bad unless
         | you can sell it for a profit? Is working for the mortgage
         | lender to accomplish that not worth it?
         | 
         | You can avoid it by renting, but then you're just working for
         | the landlord, so there's no avoiding it.
        
           | Jcampuzano2 wrote:
           | Every single thing you mentioned outside of cc debt (though
           | arguably you should never reach for a credit card outside of
           | using it for the points systems they provide) could be
           | categorized as something used as a tool to make more money.
        
             | eptcyka wrote:
             | Vast majority of new car sales will not let the new owner
             | make more money and were financed with debt.
             | 
             | If all of those buyers bought used for cash, nobody would
             | be able to afford used cars for cash.
             | 
             | It really is only businesses that can convert debt into
             | income, most consumers do not want to. There is nothing I
             | can spend on to get a higher hourly rate.
        
               | john01dav wrote:
               | You can buy investment properties to convert debt to
               | income and get nice returns. While this is technically a
               | business, there are ways to make it quite passive and
               | thus more like an investment than a business. Margin
               | stock accounts also exist, although I don't know enough
               | to know what situations it makes sense to use them in.
        
               | hnbad wrote:
               | Don't ever look into where the money you make with
               | "passive income" comes from, I guess?
               | 
               | Passive income just means other people are working for
               | your income. At some point, someone has to be poor enough
               | to have to do the actual labor. You can abstract this
               | away with as many financial constructs as you want but it
               | boils down to that. If you can "make money" from mere
               | ownership, we can't all own things that make us money
               | because then we wouldn't have to pay anyone and nobody
               | would have to pay us.
        
               | azthecx wrote:
               | There are arguments to be made, especially if you're
               | young and just starting out to take a reasonable amount
               | of margin and kickstart your compounding growth.
               | 
               | Say you just started working, have no use for your money
               | and are willing to bet 20k on index funds vs a 90% market
               | drop, you should be able to take 2k in leverage and set
               | up your position be auto closed.
               | 
               | But of course as you have more money this type of market
               | exposure starts shifting as you have shorter timer
               | horizons to rebuild and are instead going into more of a
               | wealth conservation mode.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | You clearly are delusional if you believe that the people
               | drowning in credit card debt are in ever in this
               | position.
        
               | avianlyric wrote:
               | This has the rather tone deaf sound of "if you just had
               | financial security, you wouldn't need to use loans to
               | survive, then you could use them to invest!".
               | 
               | Which rather misses the point that many people using
               | these tools don't have financial security, and don't have
               | the option to invest like that.
               | 
               | Saying that mortgages can be used to buy investment
               | properties doesn't change the fact that most people use
               | them to provide basic physical security. I.e. a literal
               | roof over their head, that they can't be taken away with
               | little notice by their landlord for reasons completely
               | beyond their control.
               | 
               | I've you've never grown up in an environment where the
               | roof over your head isn't a certainty, and indeed having
               | a different roof over your head every few years is a
               | certainty. Then it can be rather hard to understand why
               | not everyone considers property just an investment
               | opportunity.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | > I.e. a literal roof over their head, that they can't be
               | taken away with little notice by their landlord for
               | reasons completely beyond their control.
               | 
               | Yeah. Before I bought my home four years ago, three of
               | the last four landlords I'd had had promised long term
               | stability, only to non-renew the lease after the first
               | year (for "other" reasons: "Wife thought she'd like the
               | country, we're moving back to the city", "We want a
               | smaller mortgage payment on our primary home", We're
               | going to renovate and sell"). It's a lot of fun moving a
               | family every year. Especially when around here you also
               | have to come up with first, last, security and other fees
               | and can easily be looking at $10K+ just to move.
        
               | api wrote:
               | That's not technically a business, it is a business, and
               | it can be a tough time consuming one. I've known more
               | than one person who sold their investment properties
               | because they were tired of being a landlord, which is a
               | job.
               | 
               | Not saying it can't work. It can. But it's a business and
               | a job/sidehustle not magic free money.
        
               | bonoboTP wrote:
               | How can you factor in the aspect that a cool car might
               | impress someone who might get you a better job? Or it
               | allows you to "look the part" and "fake it till you make
               | it"? People sometimes rent cars and watches and suits to
               | appear higher class when talking to potential investors
               | or other business partners.
               | 
               | Having a better house might allow you to invite more
               | people over for parties or dinner, which can have
               | downstream effects in your social mobility and status.
               | 
               | If you can keep up with the Joneses and chit chat about
               | your vacation to some nice place, it may allow you to
               | become an insider in some group.
               | 
               | At least that's the "logic" (even if subconscious) to
               | chasing status symbols. Though very often it fails
               | because faking it is hard and you can easily be clocked
               | as a tasteless tryhard. But if you don't take too large
               | steps up, you might get away with it and reap the social
               | benefits.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | All of the above are reasons why people go into debt,
               | some derive genuine pleasure and happiness from their
               | purchases. None, however, are investments that one can
               | put on a P&L sheet, and please, never let anyone think
               | otherwise.
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | Space is expensive because of mortgages. If nobody could get
           | a mortgage, nobody would need one. It's a race to the bottom.
           | 
           | Buying a home from a landlord is still working for a
           | landlord; you just pay the present value of future cash flow
           | in a single lump sum, like an annuity.
        
         | msgodel wrote:
         | I tried using one of these offering a 0% intro APR to finance
         | an upgrade to the boat I eventually moved into (saving me 10s
         | of thousands in rent.) They wouldn't let me do it despite
         | having an upper 700s credit score.
         | 
         | It's not clear to me how they pick people to lend to.
        
           | tonyhb wrote:
           | It's not just the credit score - the APR offered is also
           | chosen by the retailer.
           | 
           | 0% financing costs the retailer 8%(ish) of the total amount,
           | which is how the lender makes their money.
           | 
           | So in your case, the retailer didn't want to lose that much
           | of their margin.
        
           | avianlyric wrote:
           | Yeah a high credit score isn't what that lender is looking
           | for. They don't make money of people who actually repay the
           | loans, indeed they tend to loose rather a lot (cost of
           | capital + cost of account admin).
           | 
           | If someone is offering you a 0% APR loan, it's either because
           | they're hoping you'll move your loans to them, and become
           | unable to leave once the 0% period has ended. Or they're
           | trying to sell something else (either more of something, or
           | the same thing at a higher price), and want use consumer debt
           | to artificially increase market demand.
           | 
           | You upgrading a boat, so you can save money in the long term,
           | is literally the opposite outcome they're looking for here.
        
             | jack_riminton wrote:
             | Exactly. The thing I always have to remind myself: issued
             | loans aren't liabilities for companies, they're assets.
             | Assets need a return!
        
           | astura wrote:
           | 0% intro APR offers are somewhat predatory in that they rely
           | on a large portion of people keeping a balance after the
           | intro period in order to be offered, or at least building a
           | relationship with other financial products. It wouldn't
           | surprise me that they would reject someone in the high 700s,
           | they might have been looking more for people in the low to
           | mid 600s.
           | 
           | There's also a lot of reasons one might be rejected for a
           | credit line that have nothing to do with credit score. Some
           | lenders have specific policies in addition to credit score,
           | like Chase's 5/24 rule. Some are also just looking for
           | "relationships" and won't offer you their best products
           | unless you have a bank account with them, etc.
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | And this has nothing to do with buy now pay later since you
         | aren't charged interest
        
           | PostOnce wrote:
           | Owing money you don't have has disadvantages _even without
           | interest_.
           | 
           | For example, if you make 5000 dollars a month and get a 5000
           | dollar BNPL loan for a stereo, payment due in a month, then
           | even without interest, you now either starve or default on
           | the loan (or incur penalties, i.e. the interest you thought
           | didn't apply).
        
             | scarface_74 wrote:
             | You realize almost every phone in the US that you buy
             | through the major carriers has worked like this for
             | decades?
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Why would you buy your phone through a carrier? Is it the
               | good old US lack of regulation so it's the only option
               | carriers let you have? I get my phone and my SIM card
               | separately.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | Why not? It's an iPhone the same as any other iPhone with
               | no carrier bloatware. It usually comes at a discount with
               | monthly credits.
               | 
               | Even if I do buy directly from Apple using the Apple
               | credit card, it's still 2 years with no interest and the
               | same BNPL in all but name.
               | 
               | And now it's all eSIM anyway. If I go to another country
               | I just activate the second eSIM.
               | 
               | And it was never about the phone makers not letting you
               | have the phone. Some low end phones even today don't
               | support all of the carriers frequencies and back in the
               | day you had phones that had to support CDMA vs GSM and
               | even then different parts of spectrum were used by
               | different carriers.
               | 
               | Mobile phones at first "free" with a two year service
               | plan and later as a second line item has been the most
               | popular way to buy phones in the US since I was selling
               | them at Radio Shack in the mid 90s.
               | 
               | I would get a commission based on a $300-$400 phone and
               | the customer paid $1 up front.
        
         | ProAm wrote:
         | This is so wildly qrong I dont know how to start. Im assuming
         | this person is not in America, where a lot of the population
         | (unfortunately) uses these practices to buy things that are
         | needed/non-essential) its a shell game the creditors were
         | willing to pay. But now its a lot so its going to affect credit
         | (which is should have to start).
        
         | goldfishgold wrote:
         | One flaw with this reasoning is that ignores the time value of
         | money. A dollar today is worth more than a dollar a hundred
         | years from now, if only because we'll all be dead a hundred
         | years from now. From that perspective and with favorable terms
         | it can make sense to sell the future to buy the present, if
         | someone is willing to take that trade.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | > the average person is using
         | 
         | The "average person" is told from birth to consume as many
         | things and experiences as possible as it if was the only thing
         | that could give their life a meaning. The entire system is
         | based on growth and consumption, I have a hard time blaming
         | "the average person"
        
           | john01dav wrote:
           | I acknowledge that such telling exists, but there is still
           | responsibility for people choosing to listen to it.
           | Skepticism is vital. Beyond being skeptical of what you see,
           | it is wild to me that we don't have approximately everyone
           | blocking all ads, cable news, most social feeds, and other
           | such transparently manipulative shit. Advertisement
           | especially is literally industrialized and research-based
           | psychological manipulation to make people do things that make
           | no sense (see what Alfred Sloan did to GM, for an early
           | example) -- it's toxic and should be absolutely avoided.
        
             | mathgeek wrote:
             | You can't block all of it all of the time, and children
             | (some of the most vulnerable) especially can't.
        
               | razakel wrote:
               | And that's why government regulation was invented.
        
               | datameta wrote:
               | You mean corporations regulating the government? Oh
               | wait...
        
               | tnel77 wrote:
               | True, and this is why you shouldn't just hand your kid an
               | iPad and peace out. I'm all for technology and video
               | games for my kids, but I'm vigilant to keep my kids' eyes
               | away from ads. As a result, my kids aren't foaming at the
               | mouth for the latest and greatest toys and games which
               | was my experience as a child.
        
               | wobfan wrote:
               | Thing is, keeping children out of Instagram, Facebook, or
               | whatever new social media is hyping currently will
               | probably make them kind of weirdos in their bubble, e.g.
               | in school. At least this would be my fear (don't have
               | children). And good luck trying to use any of these ad-
               | infested privacy-invading platforms while trying to avoid
               | ads.
        
               | geerlingguy wrote:
               | It doesn't have to make them weird, especially if you're
               | in a school district where there are no-phone policies.
               | Otherwise it can be difficult, for sure.
        
               | allenrb wrote:
               | Learning how to stand on your own in school is good
               | practice for doing the same thing in life. By which I'm
               | absolutely not saying "don't have friends" but rather,
               | you don't have to be like everyone else.
               | 
               | My kids won't be on social media until they're not kids
               | anymore. If none of us take a stand, nothing ever
               | changes.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Your kids will create hidden social media accounts that
               | you don't know about. That's what I would have done in
               | their situation.
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | Their exposure will still be much less than someone who
               | gives them free reign and lets them sit in the livingroom
               | staring at a phone. They won't be staring at the phone
               | distracted while they're hanging out with the family.
        
               | kadushka wrote:
               | Hiding things from parents is a far bigger problem than
               | staring at a phone in a living room.
        
               | andelink wrote:
               | No it's not. Everyone hid things from their parents. I
               | hid soooo much from my parents. It's fine. It's normal.
               | It's far more important to have limited exposure to
               | modern smart phones.
        
               | allenrb wrote:
               | Indeed, I might have done the same. At least that will be
               | a challenge, lacking smart phones.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | Being an outlier when the in-group is actively having
               | their brains turned to mush seems like the better of the
               | two outcomes.
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | This argument is popular but doesn't hold water. If we
               | suppose for the sake of argument that social media is bad
               | for kids, then it is a parent's _duty_ to keep them off
               | it even if that makes the kid unpopular. As an analogy,
               | consider a kid whose social circle is all shooting
               | heroin. Would it then become acceptable to let your kid
               | do heroin? Of course not. Similarly, even if all the
               | other kids are on social media, it doesn 't become
               | acceptable to let your kid use social media (going with
               | the assumed premise that it's bad for them).
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | It takes a lot of work to be a parent and also monitor
               | all that media consumption/stop all ads. The "average
               | person" isn't as tech savvy as most of us here and that
               | stuff just doesn't come as easily to them.
               | 
               | For instance I am very comfortable letting my kids play
               | video games. I play a lot myself, I can make good
               | judgments about what is appropriate for them, what is an
               | appropriate amount of time to play, what is good/bad
               | behavior when playing, what systems are a good choice or
               | if online access (if any) is appropriate. I barely need
               | to think about these things, but for some people this is
               | an incredibly time-consuming, intimidating task.
        
               | rangestransform wrote:
               | Is it not ok that parents that spend more time and effort
               | with their kids have better outcomes than parents that
               | spend less time? I'd rather that than have the nanny
               | state regulate everything bad for kids out of existence;
               | we already know what kind of civil rights violations
               | politicians try to justify with children.
        
               | tr81 wrote:
               | It is very hard work raising kids if you are interested
               | in parenting and want to do your best.
               | 
               | The thing is that not everyone's life goal is to be the
               | best parent around. And there is pressure from the
               | society/culture/government to reproduce for healthy
               | economy.
               | 
               | If we as a country want people to have more children,
               | then we need to make their job easier. That may include
               | censorship, age verifications, etc.
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | You're making this a very stark, binary choice. Reality
               | is far more nuanced.
        
               | tw04 wrote:
               | Half of the country is teaching their kids to take
               | religion literally and never question it, and that any
               | news story that you don't like isn't real, simply because
               | you disagree with it.
               | 
               | Handing over an iPad is the least of the issues facing a
               | large portion of our youth and frankly they might be
               | better off if their parents did sit them in front of it
               | and walk away.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | One of the important purposes of a society is to improve
               | the raising of kids who might not be raised well by their
               | parents alone, _because it is a valuable outcome to
               | everyone_.
               | 
               | You don't choose who you get born to, so if society
               | chooses to say "If you get born to a shitty person, you
               | will suffer immensely and we will do nothing about it",
               | _that is a bad society_.
               | 
               | Nobody deserves to suffer due to an accident of birth.
               | 
               | Also, "It takes a village to raise a child" is not
               | exactly metaphorical.
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | > children ... especially can't
               | 
               | Worry about your own kids, teach them the right values,
               | and use others' imperfect knowledge to the advantage of
               | your family.
        
               | suddenlybananas wrote:
               | Yeah who cares about society?
        
               | koakuma-chan wrote:
               | How do you propose to at least get society off TikTok or
               | Instagram? You will only face backlash if you try to
               | utter in that direction.
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | I've never had anyone say anything other than "yes, that
               | seems like a good idea, I wish I could do that" when i
               | tell them I do not have a TikTok, instagram, twitter,
               | facebook, etc account.
        
               | koakuma-chan wrote:
               | I guess they all need those accounts for their student
               | visas.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I'm not sure my kids have ever seen an ad except for
               | little computer games, and they have laptops and iPads
               | (but no network TV or cable). They are far less exposed
               | to consumerism than when we were kids. My teenage
               | daughter dresses like a hobo.
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | If they've seen Paw Patrol they've been exposed to ads. I
               | don't mean "commercials" I mean that the entertainment
               | itself is the ad - generating excitement for branded
               | merchandise, but also normalizing the idea of kids
               | accomplishing things and learning life lessons in
               | 20-minute increments with the aid of a tremendous amount
               | of _stuff_ that they just _have_.
               | 
               | Maybe they haven't but the idea extends to most kids'
               | entertainment.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | Or you end up with the opposite end of the problem. I
               | grew up in destitute poverty and was told all my
               | childhood that credit was an evil trap - I should
               | absolutely never use it.
               | 
               | Well, spring forward to me starting a pretty good career
               | as a software developer and wanting to get my first
               | reliable car. I had no credit history and ended up with a
               | 19% APR. That really, really sucked.
               | 
               | It's been 10 years since then and I still get dinged for
               | not having "enough" credit history despite having a
               | couple car loans and several credit cards that I rotate
               | bills on. The whole system feels like it's designed to
               | punish anyone who doesn't fit into the role of a perfect
               | consumer.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | You didn't get fucked with 19% apr because you had no
               | credit history. You got fucked with 19% APR because
               | either the parameters of the loan were really bad or
               | there were some other circumstances. Income less existing
               | obligations vs payment size account for the lion's share
               | of interest rate on an auto loan or just about any other
               | consumer loan.
               | 
               | Credit history is massively over-sold as being impactful
               | by the kind of idiots who live payment to payment.
        
               | lokar wrote:
               | I agree. My first use of credit was a car loan when I
               | graduated. I had the offer letter to show income (I had
               | not started yet) and some up front sign on / relocation
               | money for the down payment.
               | 
               | It was fine, I paid it off quickly.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | No, I got 19% APR because I had no credit history. I know
               | this because there is a big detailed letter full of
               | reasons for your offered rate that you receive when you
               | take out a loan.
               | 
               | The fact that you don't know this suggests you probably
               | don't know a lot about how loans work.
        
               | hansvm wrote:
               | Why'd that suck so much? As a software dev couldn't you
               | just pay it off a month or two later?
        
               | olyjohn wrote:
               | That would depend on what car they bought.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | I'm not sure what software devs make $15 grand a month in
               | disposable income 2 years into their career, but I
               | certainly was not one of them.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> I still get dinged for not having  "enough" credit
               | history_
               | 
               | Maybe the data is wrong? I took out a few loans over the
               | years with strange comments from the lenders like _" You
               | don't have much credit history"_, but since it didn't
               | impact anything I didn't think much of it. Somewhere down
               | the line a lender was like _" I don't think this is
               | you"_. Turns out that it wasn't.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | What do you mean? Your credit report was someone else's
               | credit history?
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | As I understood it, it was a bit stranger than that.
               | There was some minimal activity on the report that was
               | actually me (a phone account, if I remember right), but
               | my credit cards and whatnot didn't show up. But also some
               | activity did that wasn't mine. I was somehow partially
               | combined with another credit history, or something like
               | that. I am not well versed in the technical details to
               | truly understand what the problem was. I had to fill out
               | some form to get it corrected and haven't thought about
               | it since.
        
             | beowulfey wrote:
             | People aren't going to learn to be skeptical or think
             | critically because we've been literally removing that from
             | the curriculum in schools. How can someone be skeptical of
             | something if they don't even know _how_ to be skeptical?
             | 
             | Social media runs rampant with a form of skepticism, but I
             | would call that closer to paranoia than critical thinking,
             | and I don't think it's really being helpful in the same
             | way.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | >> Social media runs rampant with a form of skepticism,
               | but I would call that closer to paranoia than critical
               | thinking
               | 
               | For my generation this was always refered to as a
               | "healthy skepticism", but lately I've noticed many don't
               | necessarily see this as a good trait - an example: any
               | sort of measured, full-picture response to the impact of
               | AI on software development.
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | As usual, it's a spectrum. The pettiest example is one of
               | Reddit, where you see some random cat video, and the
               | comments all go "this is fake" or "this is posted by a
               | bot" or "how could you do that, you're torturing the
               | cat!".
               | 
               | 1. They may all be true, but yiy gotta pick your battles
               | at this point. If you think all of reddit is bots, what
               | use is there complaining in every post
               | 
               | 2. Healthy skepticism is supported by observation and
               | findings. The internet as of late has grown lazy on that
               | overall and people just throw out accusations without
               | explanation. That definitely comes more off as paranoia
               | at best, or bad faith at worst.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | I see this as directly correlated with the gradual
               | denigration of liberal arts education, a core tenet of
               | which is critical thinking.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Liberal arts education leaders haven't been doing
               | themselves any favors. During the recent COVID-19
               | pandemic we saw many college administrations abandon all
               | critical thinking to enforce blind obedience and
               | mandatory compliance with pointless and counterproductive
               | policies around lockdowns and mandates. Scientists were
               | condemned for daring to even discuss alternative views.
               | 
               | I absolutely see value in classical liberal arts
               | education. But popular denigration is inevitable when
               | people see hypocritical academics casting aside true
               | liberal thinking and using their platform to promote
               | pernicious ideologies.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | I think it's very easy to Monday morning quarterback
               | administrative decisions about COVID-19 mitigation now
               | that we're past it, when, at the time, we had very little
               | information which led to a ton of hysteria. I'm not going
               | to relitigate the COVID-19 pandemic response, but I will
               | say I don't think it was inconsistent or ill-advised at
               | all to err on the side of following national health
               | guidance in an emergent situation like that. Even from a
               | purely legal/lawsuit-aversion standpoint, you'd ignore
               | federal guidance/mandates at your financial peril.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | You're really missing the point. Many liberal arts
               | college administrations went far beyond any sort of
               | federal government guidance, and imposed lockdown and
               | mandate policies with zero scientific basis. Or look how
               | the Stanford University administration and fellow
               | academics treated Dr. Jay Bhattacharya; that story was
               | repeated at colleges all over the country. The level of
               | hypocrisy and inconsistency makes it clear that they
               | don't deserve any sort of benefit of the doubt.
               | 
               | Classical liberal arts are wonderful, and have been a
               | great benefit to all of humanity. But sadly many
               | academics no longer live up to those ideals in thought,
               | word, and deed. Instead they're more focused on
               | indoctrination and political advocacy then a search for
               | higher truth. If they want to restore public trust in
               | liberal arts education then they need to start by
               | reforming themselves. Otherwise no one will take them
               | seriously, and many taxpayers will oppose public funding.
        
               | enlightens wrote:
               | >imposed lockdown and mandate policies with zero
               | scientific basis
               | 
               | The If Books Could Kill podcast just came out with an
               | episode last week about how the phrase "lockdown and
               | mandate policies [have] zero scientific basis" is almost
               | technically true but is certainly incredibly misleading.
               | The short version is that it would be incredibly
               | difficult to ethically test many healthcare policies to
               | the point that they have scientific support in the way we
               | usually think of having evidence... but we can look at
               | the preponderance of evidence we do have and understand
               | that masks help block germs and viruses, staying home
               | from work or school means I won't transmit contagious
               | diseases to my colleagues, etc
               | 
               | https://www.buzzsprout.com/2040953/episodes/17348825-in-
               | covi...
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | > at the time, we had very little information which led
               | to a ton of hysteria
               | 
               | If anything, this simply underscores GP's point. Getting
               | hysterical when you lack information is a total failure
               | of critical thinking, so to the extent that liberal arts
               | educators did so, we _should_ be skeptical of their
               | ability to think critically.
        
               | Analemma_ wrote:
               | No, that's not a correct conclusion in full generality.
               | The first days of Covid where a case of decision-making
               | under uncertainty: what if R _had_ been 10 and the
               | fatality rate _had_ been 25%? We did not know at first,
               | and these are not absurd numbers: they have existed in
               | past pandemics and if they had held again, fatalities
               | could have been in the tens of millions. Locking down
               | until you can gather more data to rule out this
               | possibility is a rational decision under that
               | uncertainty, because there 's asymmetric downside risk of
               | "tens of millions die" versus "chattering internet
               | commenters are annoyed they can't go to the beach".
               | 
               | There's more of an argument here regarding lockdowns
               | going on longer than they needed to, but as much as
               | people want to blame "the experts", most of _that_ was
               | bottom-up from voters. To cite one example, despite how
               | many times I 've heard to the contrary, the CDC never, at
               | any point, recommended school closures: that was pure
               | grassroots demand from parents.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | Million of people die in the US. In a pool of 300 million
               | people that might be a small minority but it could be
               | much worse.
               | 
               | I was diabetic and still am, and was obese. I was also
               | young. There's no telling that a viral infection would
               | have landed me in the hospital but I do have risk
               | factors.
               | 
               | COVID is definitely a risk. It would be foolish not to
               | practice at least some measure of risk control.
               | 
               | There's definitely some loss of trust in institutions,
               | but if it weren't for RFK, I would still trust them more
               | than some random skeptic covid. Now, I don't trust the
               | FDA anymore, how ironic.
        
               | vdqtp3 wrote:
               | In Southern California, surfers were arrested for surfing
               | on an empty beach. Parks were closed. This was hailed as
               | a safety measure. I suspect these sorts of policies are
               | what GP was talking about, rather than vaccines or
               | masking.
        
               | mapt wrote:
               | These were completely valid short-term responses to a
               | situation where an effectively quarantined country had a
               | small outbreak in Venice Beach and we didn't know a lot
               | about spread.
               | 
               | But we were not that country. If the front door is wide
               | open and there's a large sign above it saying "Free stuff
               | - take what you want" because your spouse wants to
               | embrace minimalism and throw away all your joint
               | belongings, then triple deadbolting the back door and
               | installing security cameras are not effective measures to
               | protect your belongings.
               | 
               | There are other policy areas where states can experiment
               | with "Red state" vs "Blue state" policies and compare how
               | they perform, but pandemic spread is not one of them. The
               | most permissive line of defense is the decision that has
               | been made for everyone, and all it takes is one person
               | (we used to call these 'bioterrorists', now we call them
               | 'Presidents') to decide to "get this over with before the
               | election", and it renders any other sensible precautions
               | moot.
               | 
               | Areas where very aggressive precautions were implemented
               | to counterbalance reckless policies elsewhere... didn't
               | do that. You can't do that, without a very strong
               | quarantine around the different policy regions.
               | 
               | This does not offer any commentary on the idea of
               | sensible precautions, in a vacuum. The politicization of
               | COVID that happened very rapidly didn't need to occur,
               | and it did not occur in most other pandemics in this
               | country, or in many other countries during COVID.
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | You picked two odd examples. A beach is debatable as
               | being capable of being opened and closed, and whether or
               | not a person is tresspassing, but parks are generally
               | managed by the state or country. Of course they can close
               | down. They typically close from subset to sunrise.
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | The idea of a beach closing at night-time was novel to
               | me, when I first came to the US. In the UK beaches are
               | ... just beaches, their status is that of "beach", and
               | access is not controlled at all.
               | 
               | Generally there's a fine for being caught sleeping on the
               | beach I think, but that's really to discourage people
               | being swept away.
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | > There's definitely some loss of trust in institutions,
               | but if it weren't for RFK, I would still trust them more
               | than some random skeptic covid. Now, I don't trust the
               | FDA anymore, how ironic.
               | 
               | I stopped trusting the institutions the moment that the
               | CDC admitted that they lied to people about "masks aren't
               | effective" in an effort to preserve supplies for
               | hospitals. Even if their motivation was good, that
               | doesn't matter in terms of trustworthiness. If they lie
               | to me (as they indeed did), I'm not going to trust them
               | any more.
        
               | olddustytrail wrote:
               | I would find that a little more convincing if the people
               | complaining about being lied to about the efficacy of
               | masks were also the people who were afterwards arguing
               | most strongly in favour of masks.
               | 
               | Strangely, it appears to be the opposite.
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | I don't know how any of that had to do with liberal arts.
               | To give you the benefit of the doubt and assume you're
               | interpretation is correct: do you blame the person when
               | they panic in a major earthquake, as they watch their
               | peers crushed around them?
               | 
               | It wasn't normal times and abnormal times need
               | preparation. It's a great thing the acting president
               | during COVID removed the pandemic response team the
               | previous year. It's not wonder we were chickens wandering
               | about without our heads.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | > because we've been literally removing that from the
               | curriculum in schools
               | 
               | Do you have any actual evidence of this or is this just
               | more parroting of vibes based history?
               | 
               | Most of the people I know who say things like "School
               | didn't teach me X" were just not paying attention. Turns
               | out, if your society doesn't care about or _value_
               | education, kids aren 't going to pay attention.
               | 
               | Like, some states definitely have mediocre education in a
               | lot of ways, but people will say shit like "Why didn't
               | school teach me how to balance a checkbook" as if school
               | didn't teach them basic arithmetic and the ability to
               | read a single paper of instructions _included in your
               | checkbook_ by middle school.
               | 
               | Or you have people saying "Why didn't school teach me how
               | to understand a loan" as if they didn't learn algebra and
               | how to plug a couple numbers into a calculator right next
               | to me in class.
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | The "vibes" are that the US government has been cutting
               | funding from education since the 80's. I feel this is
               | very well established, but if you really want a source I
               | can fish up a few charts. As a fun fact, today we still
               | spend about as much per student as we did in the 80's for
               | university. The main difference is that funding cratered,
               | so colleges need to make up for that out of pocket.
               | 
               | >people will say shit like "Why didn't school teach me
               | how to balance a checkbook" as if school didn't teach
               | them basic arithmetic and the ability to read a single
               | paper of instructions included in your checkbook by
               | middle school.
               | 
               | Not sure I agree with this interpretation. It's like
               | responding to "why didn't they teach CS" with "well they
               | taught you discrete math and binary". Specialized
               | instruction on applied mathematics is well worth
               | pursuing. It's arguably the big reason Al many students
               | end up thinking "I'm bad at math". They get no context on
               | what it's really used for.
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | https://www.cato.org/blog/new-k-12-productivity-chart
               | It's hard to believe that education is getting less
               | funding. There seems to be a perception that spending
               | more money on education will result in smarter students
               | or higher test scores but that doesn't seem to be the
               | case. Obviously if you spend $0 on education results will
               | suffer, but there's a point of diminishing returns where
               | $1 more in spending doesn't seem to have any impact on
               | key metrics
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | How much we spend on _school systems_ is not a meaningful
               | indicator of how much we spend on _education_.
               | 
               | American teacher income has barely tracked inflation over
               | the past 30 years, and it sure as shit didn't start high
               | in the 90s. Teachers still have to buy their own
               | supplies, still rely on old material, and still basically
               | can't afford to live.
               | 
               | Gee, why is it so hard to get good teachers into the
               | American school system when someone who is able to go
               | through 4-6 years of college and is smart enough to
               | manage and teach a room full of 30 kids can do pretty
               | much anything else and make way more money? The money
               | isn't going to education.
               | 
               | So where's the money going?
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | I think contemporary events force people to be skeptical.
               | For one generation it was the Vietnam War, the dissonance
               | between what generals were saying and what was happening
               | on the ground. Another generation had that happen with
               | WMDs in Iraq. I think many in this generation had it
               | happen with "2 weeks to flatten the curve" and the
               | dissonance between promises made about COVID, the
               | efficacy of lockdowns or the efficacy of vaccines.
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | The system will never tell you how to escape from the
               | system. Don't hold your breath waiting for that to
               | happen.
               | 
               | "Critical thinking" was never really taught in schools.
               | It was always just training in how to dismiss any
               | proposition by "criticizing" it selectively, with a heavy
               | bias towards criticizing anything outside the system, and
               | a token zone of approved disagreement to convince
               | yourself that you really are free to disagree with
               | things.
        
               | lurk2 wrote:
               | This is conspiratorial nonsense.
        
               | DHPersonal wrote:
               | It sounds very familiar to a fundamentalist Christian,
               | taught in either private or home schools that fostered
               | that sort of thinking.
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >>This is conspiratorial nonsense.
               | 
               | >It sounds very familiar to a fundamentalist Christian,
               | taught in either private or home schools that fostered
               | that sort of thinking.
               | 
               | That's as may be, but it doesn't make it any less
               | "conspiratorial nonsense," does it?
        
               | DHPersonal wrote:
               | Maybe. For some reason it seemed like a more poignant
               | reply at the time, but now I see it doesn't add much to
               | the conversation. :)
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | Something I'd stumbled across a few years back:
               | 
               |  _First, the universities were given the task of
               | providing an unceasing supply of ideologically correct
               | candidates for vital positions in government, church, and
               | business. The state was able to make the faculties of the
               | "venerable institutions" of higher education, or rather
               | indoctrination, assume this duty because it controlled
               | appointments and held the purse from which "emoluments"
               | flowed into the coffers of academics. Hence the members
               | of the university "hierarchy" made it their "business,
               | the business for which they ... [were] paid," to "uphold
               | certain political as well as religious opinions," namely
               | those of the "ruling powers of the state" (J.S. Mill,
               | Autobiography and Literary Essays, p. 429 (1981), J.S.
               | Mill, Journals and Debating Speeches, p. 350. (1988) ).
               | Thus the universities pursued with vigor their assignment
               | to inculcate in their students those political and
               | ideological views that were cherished by the power elite.
               | The graduates of the ancient universities were,
               | therefore, well prepared for employment in, and by, those
               | institutions that were instrumental in perpetuating the
               | existing maldistribution of income. All of this might
               | come to naught, however, if the masses of the underclass
               | should achieve anything approaching success in potential
               | attempts at throwing off their fetters._
               | 
               | The state devised a second educational strategy in order
               | to prevent such a calamity from occurring. According to
               | Mill, the "elementary schools for children of the working
               | classes" were given the task of ensuring that the poor
               | would continue to accept docilely their dismal station in
               | life. It was very easy for the state to force the public
               | schools to assume this role. It did so simply by failing
               | malignantly to allocate sufficient funds for the
               | operations of what Mill identified contemptuously as
               | "places called schools" (J.S. Mill, Essays on England,
               | Ireland, and the Empire, p.200; emphasis in original).
               | These places were therefor understaffed. Moreover, the
               | few teachers who were actually employed were completely
               | "unfit for their work." The pupils therefore were so
               | "wretchedly ill-taught" that they "did not ... even learn
               | to read." And, said Mill with disgust, no attempt was
               | "made to communicate ideas, or to call forth the mental
               | faculties" of the children". (J.S. Mill, Public and
               | Parliamentary Speeches, November 1850 - November 1868, p.
               | 322 (1988). J.S. Mill, Essays on England Ireland, and the
               | Empire, p. 200 (1982)).
               | 
               | Hans E. Jensen, "John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth
               | and Income Distribution" <https://web.archive.org/web/201
               | 90828233020/http://www.tandfo...>. _Review of Social
               | Economy_. Pages 491-507. Published online: 05 Nov 2010.
               | 
               | Previously noted: <https://web.archive.org/web/2019082823
               | 3020/https://old.reddi...>
        
               | const_cast wrote:
               | Critical thinking was taught in schools. That's English
               | class and, to a lesser extent, history or social studies.
               | 
               | Naturally a lot of engineer-types blew those off as
               | subjective mumbo jumbo. But that's critical thinking.
        
               | spacedcowboy wrote:
               | You guys never did "This house believes that..." with
               | random teams ? We had one lesson a week on it while
               | English Language was compulsory in senior school (ages
               | 11..16), and the winners got to choose the next week's
               | topic.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | There are MILLIONs of human years of effort, by experts at
             | manipulating people, put into making people feel this way.
             | 
             | Saying bro, why can't your willpower overcome MILLIONS of
             | years of experts trying to manipulate you is a pretty weak
             | argument. It's basically the same as saying 'why can't you
             | take on the top UFC fighters?' at this point. There is a
             | battle to squeeze everything possible out of the sheep on
             | one side, on the other side is us sheep that just want to
             | chill, enjoy life a little. The sheep are f'd.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | GP isn't saying "why can't you take on top UFC fighters?"
               | They're saying "why would you try to take on top UFC
               | fighters?" It's exactly that one-sided battle that makes
               | it so avoiding the engagement is necessary. A lot of
               | effort is no doubt spent developing psychological weapons
               | to use against me. Fortunately there are very few
               | channels for any of them to use to reach me.
        
             | GuinansEyebrows wrote:
             | > but there is still responsibility for people choosing to
             | listen to it
             | 
             | yes, sure, this is easy to say, but hundreds of billions of
             | dollars and uncountable person-hours go into this
             | manipulation machine, and many peoples' lives and
             | livelihoods depend on maintaining it. it's a lot to ask of
             | _every_ individual to be _solely responsible_ for the
             | negative impacts of advertising when we all have lives we
             | want to live.
             | 
             | i'm not saying personal responsibility doesn't play a part,
             | but we shouldn't atomize - we should be organized and wield
             | regulation more effectively against the profit motive.
        
           | jstanley wrote:
           | I don't think blame was being apportioned.
        
           | mihaaly wrote:
           | Believing what is told, trut all what is told, is something
           | to be blamed about (here I am assuming we are talking about
           | adults). Not like blame was allocated here, just since the
           | topic was mentioned.
        
             | lm28469 wrote:
             | You're probably doing things every day without ever
             | questioning them, things that other people would find
             | extremely weird and/or brainwashed behaviours.
             | 
             | Some of my friends became corporate drones when they moved
             | to a country where most people are corporate drones, they
             | don't see the problem even though they changed their entire
             | personality to fit in, yet they are educated, cultured and
             | smart
             | 
             | If it was that easy the average Joe wouldn't be in such a
             | bad mental and physical shape... the forces at play are
             | much stronger than individual will, especially when said
             | will is being worked against from the beginning.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Average *American
        
             | SecretDreams wrote:
             | Probably average "any country where it's common to own a
             | car for less than 10 years" tbh.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | and those that do not meet that criteria are going the
               | same way.
        
             | mantas wrote:
             | Nah. More like everywhere besides North Korea.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | There is no "system." It's all just people making choices. My
           | wife puts straws in the dishwasher to reuse them. She grew up
           | in America the same as everyone else.
        
             | lm28469 wrote:
             | > It's all just people making choices.
             | 
             | Yeah sure... and some people get together and make choices
             | that impact other people ability to make choices, it really
             | isn't rocket science.
             | 
             | If you think Zuckerbeg spending hundreds of millions a year
             | to get the top XXX behavioural scientists to work on how to
             | milk your attention span has the same impact as "my wife
             | puts the straw in the washing machine to reuse them" I have
             | bad news for you
             | 
             | idk how you call lobbies spending literal billions every
             | year to make you think "cars are freedom", "debt is
             | wealth", &c.
        
             | LinXitoW wrote:
             | There's no system the same way there's no Facebook, just
             | some databases and servers. Or there's no Java language,
             | it's all just UTF-8 characters. Or there's no government,
             | there's just people voting for other people. Or there's no
             | society, it's all just fancy apes existing and making
             | decisions.
             | 
             | It's quite frankly ludicrous to be a software engineer and
             | pretend systems don't arise from "individual" "independent"
             | elements.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Or there 's no Java language, it's all just UTF-8
               | characters._
               | 
               | Some programming languages explicitly require UTF-8 in
               | the language specification. Java is not one of them.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | As of Java 18, it is: https://openjdk.org/jeps/400
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | That's not what your link says:                   The
               | Java language allows source code to express Unicode
               | characters in a UTF-16 encoding, and this is unaffected
               | by the choice of UTF-8 for the default charset.
               | 
               | Perhaps you pasted the wrong one by mistake?
               | 
               | Not that such a change to the language for future code,
               | even if only hypothetical, would bear any difference to
               | this discussion anyway as legacy Java code encoded in
               | other charsets is still Java code.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Just one sentence after the one you quoted:
               | 
               | > However, the javac compiler is affected because it
               | assumes that .java source files are encoded with the
               | default charset, unless configured otherwise by the
               | -encoding option.
               | 
               | Interestingly, in Windows, Java programs were supposedly
               | encoded in CP-1252 before this...?
               | 
               | > In JDK 17 and earlier, the default charset is
               | determined when the Java runtime starts. On macOS, it is
               | UTF-8 except in the POSIX C locale. On other operating
               | systems, it depends upon the user's locale and the
               | default encoding, e.g., on Windows, it is a codepage-
               | based charset such as windows-1252 or windows-31j.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | 1. javac is an implementation, not a specification.
               | 
               | 2. As noted in the very quote provided, said particular
               | implementation accepts various encodings; naturally, as
               | the language allows various encodings.
               | 
               | That is quite unlike the languages that specify that
               | anything other than UTF-8 is invalid code.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | As a former engineer, I would say a "system" is designed
               | as a whole, like all of the things you mentioned (but
               | unlike society). If we are talking about the interactions
               | between separately designed things--e.g. various
               | autonomous vehicles designed by different companies--then
               | we'd talk about "emergent behaviors," not "systems."
        
             | RankingMember wrote:
             | The problem is some of us have way more weight to throw
             | around than others, so in some cases one of those "people
             | making choices" has as much impact as millions of people.
             | 
             | As a side-note, putting straws in the dishwasher doesn't do
             | a very good job of cleaning the insides of them.
             | Unfortunately, you've gotta faff with those little brushes.
        
             | etblg wrote:
             | How does she prevent them from falling through the holes
             | and hitting the heating element at the bottom? Does she
             | throw them in the cutlery basket? Wouldn't it be light
             | enough to fly around inside the dishwasher and land
             | somewhere undesired?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | She puts them in the cutlery basket.
        
           | fHr wrote:
           | Consumer brainrot is real and declining education is not
           | helping this cause either
        
           | ljm wrote:
           | Wages for the average person (working class) typically remain
           | stagnant while cost of living increases, particularly through
           | inflation. I imagine minimum wage would be 25-30 bucks an
           | hour if it did track inflation and that would only serve to
           | keep your purchasing power constant.
           | 
           | Credit, in this sense, is also used to solve a cash flow
           | problem. It's a bad sign when that credit (or Klarna Pay-in-3
           | style setups) is applied to basic day to day expenses like
           | buying groceries or other necessities.
           | 
           | Basically the market's answer to increasing poverty: you're
           | not getting paid more, so how about we give you a payment
           | plan to spread things out?
        
             | 9rx wrote:
             | _> Wages for the average person (working class) typically
             | remain stagnant while cost of living increases,
             | particularly through inflation._
             | 
             | If wages were stagnant, nominally, you'd be making like
             | 25C/ per hour. Wages are stagnant[1] only in real terms
             | (i.e. adjusted for inflation). Cost of living and inflation
             | are very different concepts, but since you indicate that
             | inflation is responsible for most of the cost of living
             | increases, wages have kept pace anyway, so...
             | 
             | [1] Technically not even. Wages are growing faster than
             | inflation, but the margins are small enough that we accept
             | calling it stagnant as a close enough approximation.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | That's not true. Wages have generally outpaced inflation as
             | long as we've measured inflation properly. Up until the
             | early 1970s this was very palpable, since the early 1970s
             | the delta has been much lower, wage increases have been
             | very slightly above inflation.
             | 
             | Why does it feel different? 1: the amount of stuff we buy
             | has increased a _lot_. Anybody who owns what would be
             | considered solidly middle class in the early 1970s will
             | feel quite poor today. 2: financial security is way down.
             | 
             | In the early seventies a middle class family of 6 would own
             | a 1200 square foot house, a single car, a single TV and a
             | single radio would be the sum total of the entertainment
             | electronics they owned, they'd have less than a dozen
             | outfits apiece, they'd eat out about once a month, a
             | vacation to a neighboring state would feel like a splurge,
             | et cetera.
             | 
             | But they were relatively content. 1: they were much better
             | off than their parents and grandparents, who experienced
             | the depression & WW2. 2: they were "keeping up with the
             | Joneses". 3: they had a feeling of financial security due
             | to job security and the fact that serious health events
             | were unlikely to financially devastating.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | Average American household budgets are dominated by
               | housing, transportation and taxes.
               | 
               | Maybe some of that problem is about spending too much
               | money, but it cannot be denied that housing are
               | unaffordable and that transportation is inefficient and
               | is a mess.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Average American household budgets are dominated by
               | [...] transportation_
               | 
               | Huh? Doesn't the average American live in a city? The
               | whole reason for accepting being squeezed in tightly with
               | other people is so that you don't have to worry about
               | transportation; enabling everything you could ever want
               | and need to be found in short walking distance.
               | 
               | Transportation is for people in rural areas. Yes, it is
               | expensive, but that's exactly why most people left rural
               | areas for the city long ago.
        
               | smelendez wrote:
               | Most American urban areas are dominated by suburbs where
               | it's not practical to walk everywhere and public transit
               | is very limited. So a car is necessary and often a car
               | per working adult.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | Yes, but why would anyone want to live on what is
               | effectively a farm, but without the benefit of separation
               | from other people or land (read: income) that a farm
               | offers? That completely defies the whole reason for the
               | density. I'm not saying it doesn't exist, I question why
               | people are doing it.
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | FWIW, I grew up in Brooklyn, NY. I know about both urban
               | and suburban living. I now live in Columbia, MD: a suburb
               | from the late '60s planned with high ideals.
               | 
               | My three children each have their own room. They can ride
               | their bicycles on our sleepy street without having to
               | constantly worry about reckless drivers. They can explore
               | the walking trails and wooded areas our community
               | maintains. They can play baseball in one of the nearby
               | fields without having to worry about breaking a car
               | window in doing so.
               | 
               | My wife has a large crafting area. I have an office. We
               | have a home theater. We have a workshop in our garage. We
               | have a large sunroom which opens to a large deck suitable
               | for entertaining many friends at once.
               | 
               | Getting even a fraction of what I described above in a
               | city would cost a fortune.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | The benefits of living in the country are obvious. And
               | since the land provides income itself, the extra cost of
               | transportation one has to assume to live in the country
               | is well offset anyway.
               | 
               | Its the weird middle ground that has all of the downsides
               | of the country and all of the downsides of the city all
               | packed into one that we're talking about.
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | > And since the land provides income itself
               | 
               | Hardly. Agriculture is hard work and not at all
               | profitable unless the operation is at scale.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Agriculture is hard work and not at all profitable
               | unless the operation is at scale._
               | 
               | You seem a bit confused. While that is more or less true
               | for the farmer, it is that way because the landlord
               | usually takes most of the profit. As is to be expected.
               | They hold all the cards. You can't farm without land. But
               | given that in this scenario you are the landlord, not the
               | one doing the work...
               | 
               | The key to farm profitability is to own your own land
               | free and clear. But, of course, unless you have a high
               | paying job doing something else instead of farming that's
               | really hard to pull off, so most farmers end up renting
               | (either to a landlord directly, or renting money from a
               | lender). That's when you need scale to make up for the
               | vast majority of the profit going to someone else.
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | Some people really just want a back yard with a white
               | picket fence their kids can play in
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | Sure, but outside of where that backyard is wanted to be
               | hundreds of acres, then there is the density necessary to
               | introduce amenities like jobs, healthcare, shopping, etc.
               | alongside the backyard. At which point you no longer need
               | transportation as you have everything you need right
               | there.
               | 
               | But what happens in the places we're talking about is
               | that the people accept a small backyard in order to keep
               | everything close, but also work to ensure that amenities
               | aren't welcome, only allowing other houses to be close.
               | So you get all the downsides of the city, having to trip
               | over your annoying neighbours, but also the downsides of
               | living in the country, having to waste large amounts of
               | time driving to do anything.
               | 
               | What do people see in these strange middle places?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > The whole reason for accepting being squeezed in
               | tightly with other people
               | 
               | That's the thing, a lot of Americans really don't like
               | this idea of being squeezed in tightly. People really
               | don't like having a shared wall. And it's not that people
               | _like_ these tightly squeezed lot lines, they 'd prefer 1
               | acre lots. These tiny lots are all they can afford while
               | still being somewhat acceptable to them about commutes.
               | Which Americans seem to really just not care about
               | commute times when comparing to tradeoffs on house size
               | and not having shared walls.
               | 
               | And in the end, you can only buy what the cities and
               | towns allow to have built. Which is chosen by those who
               | live there at the time. The cities then make single
               | family structures a requirement, have minimum setbacks
               | and lot sizes, have rigid separations between residential
               | and commercial spaces, etc. So even those people who
               | would want to own an apartment over a commercial suite in
               | what you'd consider an urban area can't make that choice
               | because that choice is illegal.
               | 
               | But people act like these zoning laws just come about on
               | their own. The thing is, these zoning laws are popular.
               | They get put into place because that's what the people
               | who actually vote in local elections push for. I've seen
               | proposal after proposal in cities around me to change
               | zoning to allow density even in limited areas get fought
               | tooth and nail by residents. I remember a project nearby
               | where there was a proposal to build a mixture of 2-3 unit
               | townhouses, some single-family narrow lots, and a tiny
               | spot of commercial for like a coffee shop on land that
               | was currently zoned industrial. All of this connected to
               | the bike network, a large city park and a nature preserve
               | nearby, and good transit connection at the end of the
               | neighborhood. The neighborhoods around fought it tooth
               | and nail and eventually the builder walked away after
               | trying to negotiate for a few _years_. Well, the land was
               | already zoned industrial, construction broke ground
               | months later to build warehouses. Now instead of a nice
               | neighborhood on my bike path there 's warehouses with
               | semi-trucks rolling through all day long. Good job,
               | NIMBYs!
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> That 's the thing, a lot of Americans really don't
               | like this idea of being squeezed in tightly._
               | 
               | Sure, it isn't coincidence that the "American Dream" has
               | always been portrayed the sizeable house on a large
               | acreage out in the country surrounded by white picket
               | fences. But we're talking about the people who are
               | choosing to cram in beside one another, but aren't
               | bringing the services and joy that such density normally
               | offers to go along with it.
               | 
               |  _> These tiny lots are all they can afford while still
               | being somewhat acceptable to them about commutes._
               | 
               | I've lived in cities and on farms and the commute times
               | end up being about the same if you ever have to leave
               | your immediate community that is within walking distance.
               | You have to drive further from the farm, sure, but the
               | highway is surprisingly efficient. Is there some reason
               | people are more concerned about distance than time?
               | 
               | The city offers a clear advantage when you are travelling
               | short enough distances that you can walk. But, that
               | brings us right back to wondering what you need costly
               | transportation for? The two dangly things beneath you are
               | right there! (Yes, I know, some people hazve
               | disabilities, but the discussion isn't about them)
               | 
               |  _> But people act like these zoning laws just come about
               | on their own._
               | 
               | Not at all. That's why we question why people are doing
               | it. It is clearly their own choice. But why when we then
               | hear them crying that the transportation costs are too
               | high?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > the commute times end up being about the same if you
               | ever have to leave your immediate community
               | 
               | People routinely leave their community for their job _all
               | the time_ here. Go take a look at that map I shared
               | earlier. Most of the people in that neighborhood probably
               | don 't work in Princeton. They probably don't even work
               | in McKinney or Fairview. Good chance they work in North
               | Plano, Frisco, Addison, Dallas, maybe Garland. Most
               | people living here are probably driving about an hour to
               | their job, each way, _every day_. With a lot of those
               | people with those kinds of commutes having that take
               | place on a tollway.
               | 
               | They do that because they can buy that 4-bedroom 3-bath
               | 3-car garage ~2,400sqft with a gameroom house on its own
               | lot for $375k. Meanwhile, a similar house within a few
               | miles of their work (say, Frisco) is probably anywhere
               | from $590k to $2M. Property taxes can be pretty steep
               | here, so that $590k house gets like $14k/yr in property
               | taxes in Frisco while that $375k house in Princeton is
               | only $9k/yr, over $400/mo in additional taxes. They could
               | _potentially_ accept a smaller and thus cheaper house,
               | but to them it 's not worth the tradeoff. They _need_
               | that 3-car garage, they _need_ that gameroom.
               | 
               | My wife has coworkers who live in Forney and commute to
               | jobs in Plano and Frisco. They do that commute 3-5 times
               | a week and see nothing wrong with it. They value having a
               | large home with tons of space, and with the kind of
               | income they make there's little chance they could afford
               | it anywhere near where those jobs are. Think a security
               | guard and a building engineer (like an on-site
               | maintenance tech for a commercial property) are going to
               | own a $1M+ house? No. But they still want a 3 bedroom
               | home with a pool and a spa and an outdoor kitchen, and
               | they can get that for $300k in Forney.
               | 
               | Just trying to share the follow on mindset. If you're
               | having to leave your home by car every day for work, then
               | you're absolutely going to have a car. If you already
               | have the car, why go to the little grocery store at the
               | edge of the neighborhood when you just spend a little
               | more transit time and go to the big store that has
               | everything else you'd want to buy?
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> People routinely leave their community for their job
               | all the time here._
               | 
               | Sure, where the compensation is sufficient to cover your
               | travel costs you would reasonably consider it. But then
               | transportation costs aren't an issue, making the
               | unaffordability idea that started this moot. But, if we
               | want to move beyond the topic of cost, that just brings
               | us right back to the point that travel time ends up being
               | the same living in the city and living in the country, so
               | what have you gained by living in the city?
               | 
               | What one normally thinks you would gain is having other
               | amenities, like bars, restaurants, healthcare, shopping,
               | and just an all round vibrant community right there to
               | enjoy when you get home from work. But the particular
               | city homes we are talking about don't even have that.
               | They are just houses upon houses upon houses all jammed
               | up against each other with nothing in-between.
               | 
               | And it is that way because people want it to be that way.
               | They don't want the restaurants, shopping, healthcare,
               | etc. to be anywhere nearby. Even though they cry that
               | they afford to the transportation to get to them, funnily
               | enough. But why? What compels one to be tripping over
               | their neighbour, but at the same time not wanting to
               | engage in a community with them?
        
               | acuozzo wrote:
               | > What compels one to be tripping over their neighbour,
               | but at the same time not wanting to engage in a community
               | with them?
               | 
               | Children, among other things. Let's make this concrete.
               | 
               | I live ~40 minutes from Washington DC and ~30 minutes
               | from Baltimore. I have three children.
               | 
               | I'd need, at minimum, a four-bedroom, two-bathroom
               | property in the city. It will need to be zoned for a good
               | school for obvious reasons.
               | 
               | The 30y mortgage on my six-bedroom, 3.5-bathroom home in
               | the suburbs is ~$3,500/month.
               | 
               | Can you find a condominium in either city for this price
               | or less?
               | 
               | (For reference: my property value at the time of purchase
               | was $575,000.)
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> I 'd need, at minimum, a four-bedroom, two-bathroom
               | property in the city._
               | 
               | Check out a settler home sometime. They were tiny, one
               | room houses that housed themselves and their eight+
               | children just fine. You don't need this in any way,
               | shape, or form. I do understand why you find it
               | desirable, though.
               | 
               |  _> It will need to be zoned for a good school for
               | obvious reasons._
               | 
               | I don't live in crazy orange man land. What are the
               | (unfortunately, not so) obvious reasons? It befuddles me
               | that different school zones would be different in any way
               | beyond their geographic positioning, which isn't usually
               | a concern when it comes to schooling. I've never heard of
               | such a thing before.
               | 
               |  _> Can you find a condominium in either city for this
               | price or less?_
               | 
               | What's wrong with where you already are? If you found the
               | lack of jobs, restaurants, entertainment, healthcare,
               | etc. in walking to be a problem, you'd have changed it
               | already. Like we established, the only reason those
               | things aren't found where you are is because you and your
               | neighbours have decided you don't want it.
               | 
               | I just don't understand your logic as to why you don't
               | want it, but also don't want to live in the country.
               | What's the benefit of living where you have all the
               | downsides of the city and all the downsides of the
               | country all wrapped up in one?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > so what have you gained by living in the city?
               | 
               | Jobs, hopefully paying a good bit more than minimum wage.
               | If not for the city they wouldn't have any kind of
               | income. They don't move to the city because they want
               | some Parisian lifestyle, they move to the city because
               | there are practically no jobs in the actually rural
               | areas.
               | 
               | > They don't want the restaurants, shopping, healthcare,
               | etc. to be anywhere nearby
               | 
               | Correct. They see these things as unsafe for their
               | families to be around. They don't want to live within
               | walking distance of a nightclub.
               | 
               | > Even though they cry that they afford to the
               | transportation to get to them, funnily enough.
               | 
               | Most of the people arguing for better walkability and
               | better transit access are absolutely _not_ the same
               | people actively choosing to live in places like Forney
               | and Princeton and what not. They 're generally fine
               | having that commute and are fine driving to the Walmart
               | when they need something that isn't just delivered to
               | their home. Why even bother getting in the car to go to a
               | restaurant, Uber Eats will bring the restaurant to them,
               | and they don't have to deal with the crowds. Which, the
               | few places with actual stores in these areas are
               | _massively_ crowded, because it 's just oceans of houses
               | around a few dots of shopping areas with giant parking
               | areas surrounding them.
               | 
               | > What compels one to be tripping over their neighbour,
               | but at the same time not wanting to engage in a community
               | with them?
               | 
               | That they were willing to settle for the hour commute and
               | not a two-hour commute, and that was the biggest single-
               | family home they could afford in that hour commute radius
               | and had a decent school district.
               | 
               | You're looking at it in pretty much the opposite
               | direction from how they're looking at it. You're looking
               | at a community you want to live in and then decide the
               | home you can afford. They're looking for the house they
               | want to live in, and then find the community they can
               | afford to buy in. People didn't choose to live in
               | Princeton or Forney or Melissa or Anna (or dozens of
               | other "cities" around DFW) because of city amenities,
               | outside of maybe a school district. They live there
               | because they could buy a big single house cheap.
               | 
               | When I talk to friends about "if you could just move
               | tomorrow, where would you want to live in DFW", their
               | choices are rarely based in closeness to amenities. It is
               | often about wanting more land, more space, more rooms. A
               | family of four with a four-bedroom house with a dining
               | room and two living rooms, too cramped. Need to move
               | further out and get a bigger house. Definitely down to
               | trade close access to the bike trails, walking distance
               | to a large shopping area, walkable to the transit system
               | to go all over the city, public parks with public
               | swimming pools within walking distance, the elementary
               | school around the corner and the middle school down the
               | street for another few hundred square feet of land.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Jobs_
               | 
               | You haven't gained that, though. Not without travel, and
               | once travel is in the picture then you can be located
               | anywhere. Like was said in other comments, in practice,
               | the time to get to a point in the city is the same if you
               | start in the city, or if you start outside of the city.
               | Cities build up as hubs for the surrounding area and the
               | world at large, so getting things in and out of the city
               | really fast is core to their design.
               | 
               |  _> no jobs in the actually rural areas._
               | 
               | 1. The data clearly shows that rural areas, as a rule,
               | have more available jobs. _But_ you aren 't apt to be
               | able to work your way up to becoming a professional
               | football player or CEO of a Fortune 500 in those jobs,
               | so, granted, the jobs aren't appealing to the temporarily
               | embarrassed superstar. I'll give you that.
               | 
               | 2. I don't know where you think this walled city is that
               | prevents anyone who doesn't live in the city from
               | entering, but I can assure you that we're not talking
               | about it. There is nothing that excludes you from city
               | jobs if you live in the country, and likewise there is
               | nothing that excludes you from working in the country if
               | you live in the city.
               | 
               | In fact, those Fortune 500 CEOs and professional football
               | players often live in the country!
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > Like was said in other comments, in practice, the time
               | to get to a point in the city is the same if you start in
               | the city, or if you start outside of the city
               | 
               | This is objectively, radically untrue. It takes my wife
               | 10-15 minutes to get to that same office where it takes
               | the people living in Forney an hour to get in. She'll
               | spend 20 minutes of her day commuting, they'll spend _two
               | hours_. I used to ride my bicycle to the office before I
               | mostly worked from home and have it take me maybe 15
               | minutes. Coworkers living in a town literally called
               | Farmersville routinely took over an hour and a half each
               | way. One person has to take a 30-mile trip, one person is
               | taking a five-mile trip _which is essentially the same
               | final five miles as the 30-mile trip_ , how could it
               | possibly be the same time.
               | 
               | > once travel is in the picture then you can be located
               | anywhere
               | 
               | They'd agree with this entirely. I already have to have a
               | car to get to work, so why wouldn't I just use that to go
               | to whatever restaurant or shop I want across the city,
               | why limit myself to only where I could walk? Personally,
               | I enjoy going to the restaurants right at the edge of my
               | neighborhood, on the days I go into the office I like
               | strolling through the parks and to the restaurants
               | nearby. But lots of people wouldn't want to "limit"
               | themselves to only a mile or two, when the shop they'd
               | prefer to shop at is a similar time distance away but by
               | car.
               | 
               | > There is nothing that excludes you from city jobs if
               | you live in the country
               | 
               | Time. Time excludes you from those city jobs. You're
               | eventually having to spend more and more time driving
               | through all those seas of neighborhoods to those decent
               | paying jobs, its eventually just not worth it. People
               | aren't going to be willing to drive two hours each way,
               | it's amazing they're even willing to put up with an hour
               | each way.
               | 
               | Once again, go back to that map of DFW. To really get an
               | "affordable" truly rural place on that East side of DFW
               | where you'd actually have dozens of acres without
               | spending millions, you're probably looking at Josephine,
               | Blue Rdige, maybe Westminister as a few examples. Go see
               | what the commute time is starting at like 7:00 AM from
               | there to Addison. Nearly two hours. Maybe you're going to
               | work at a more industrial job in Garland. Nearly two
               | hours. Are you willing to spend four hours of your day
               | every day in your car?
               | 
               | > The data clearly shows that rural areas as a rule have
               | more available jobs.
               | 
               | More available total jobs or more available comparable
               | jobs? Please do share this data. Other than specific
               | industries like oil and gas it's pretty much the opposite
               | from what I can tell.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> More available total jobs or more available comparable
               | jobs?_
               | 
               | More actual opportunity, perhaps? Cities have lots of
               | available jobs (assuming they aren't fake; that is a
               | thing, apparently), and lots of people without jobs, but
               | they never seem to align such that the people without
               | jobs ever fill the open jobs. It's quite curious. As a
               | result, people are much more likely to be without work in
               | cities, as seen in the data. Yes, I'm sure you can find
               | exceptions if you pick particular locations. We were
               | never talking about a specific location.
               | 
               |  _> Please do share this data._
               | 
               | I'm sure you can look it up just as easily as I.
               | 
               | I was about to suggest that you can hire an assistant if
               | you can't find the time to do it yourself, but whatever
               | causes the above disconnect is apt to bite you too,
               | assuming you are in a city. Oh well.
               | 
               |  _> You 're eventually having to spend more and more time
               | driving through all those seas of neighborhoods to those
               | decent paying jobs_
               | 
               | What kind of jobs are trapped in these seas of
               | neighbourhoods? Most businesses need to get supplies into
               | the city and their product out of the city, so _usually_
               | the jobs are located on the fast track in and out of the
               | city. This means that, if anything, it is easier to
               | access the jobs when you _don 't_ live in the city.
               | 
               | Tech might be an exception to that. Maybe that's where
               | your mind went, given the nature of this site. But tech
               | doesn't require an in-person presence at all, so that one
               | doesn't really fit our discussion.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > Im sure you can look it up just as easily as I.
               | 
               | Not any datasets that actually agree with your
               | assertions. Most datasets showcase the hollowing out of
               | rural job opportunities as globalization and automation
               | has massively cut back on manufacturing job
               | opportunities, automation has reduced farm jobs, rural
               | depopulation leads to education closures, etc. So if you
               | have a lot of data otherwise please do share.
               | 
               | And once again it completely goes against everything I've
               | personally seen in nearly a dozen metro areas. I've got
               | family who live in absolutely rural areas and operate
               | farms in the Midwest. I've lived in a few metro areas.
               | I've got close coworkers in other metro areas from me.
               | I've got close friends who came from other rural areas,
               | and know many people who live on these fringe of
               | metro/rural kind of spaces. They all see the rural areas
               | getting hollowed out economic-wise and the only real job
               | opportunities are moving closer into cities.
               | 
               | I've driven through probably a dozen dead rural towns in
               | Texas. Places that had what were probably lively town
               | squares even in the 70s, probably had their last gasps in
               | the 80s, and have been largely boarded up since then.
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-
               | notes/chan...
               | 
               | > We were never talking about a specific location.
               | 
               | I've absolutely been talking specific areas. Have you not
               | been reading my comments and actually looking at the map
               | in question? And then, this is still pretty similar for
               | almost all the other, I dunno, top 30 or so cities by
               | population?
               | 
               | > What kind of jobs are trapped in these seas of
               | neighbourhoods?
               | 
               | Not _in_ those neighborhoods, _through_ those
               | neighborhoods. Decades of continuously pushing the fringe
               | suburb line further and further out has done this. The
               | towns that were once the edge of the city are now 30+mi
               | into the urban area, and they 've never been allowed to
               | densify. Once again, it feels like you haven't actually
               | looked at that map I linked once. It would be pretty
               | obvious spending not even five minutes looking at that
               | map to see what I'm talking about.
               | 
               | > Tech might be an exception to that. Maybe that's where
               | your mind went, given the nature of this site.
               | 
               | No. My wife doesn't work in tech and those people in
               | Forney I'm taking about are security guards and building
               | engineers. That's not tech. Once again, are you reading
               | my comments? Where are you going to get a commercial
               | property building engineer paying nearly $100k in a rural
               | area? Going to get a finance job with JPMorgan Chase in a
               | rural area? Far easier finding a civil engineering job in
               | a place where civil engineers are actually building
               | things like skyscrapers and giant highway interchanges
               | and what not than a place that barely has a stoplight.
               | You're not going to have as well paid healthcare job
               | working at a rural hospital struggling to stay open
               | especially after this next round of Medicaid cuts
               | compared to the giant hospital networks like Baylor,
               | UTSouthwestern, Memorial-Hermann, etc, especially if
               | focused on some speciality.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Most datasets showcase the hollowing out of rural job
               | opportunities_
               | 
               | Hollowed out opportunity, or hollowed out available jobs?
               | As noted earlier, there is a pretty big difference. My
               | impression from your comment is that you are trying to
               | say that there are fewer jobs available, which isn't what
               | we were talking about.
               | 
               |  _> I 've absolutely been talking specific areas_
               | 
               | What part of "as a rule" made you think this was about a
               | specific area?
               | 
               |  _> Have you not been reading my comments_
               | 
               | Can I assume this implies that you have diligently read
               | mine? If so, in all seriousness, I'd really like to know
               | what part of "as a rule" you took to mean that the focus
               | was on a specific area. My intent was very much to try
               | and avoid focusing on a specific area as I understand
               | full well that conditions can vary from place to place.
               | I'd like to understand how I failed to communicate that.
               | 
               | But perhaps you were so busy trying to tell me your life
               | story that you didn't actually read it after all.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | > What part of "as a rule" made you think this was about
               | a specific area?
               | 
               | As a rule that just happenes to not work in any of the
               | large metros of the country in question. I've got a rule
               | that a pen always rolls off on the left side of a desk,
               | too bad it only works on my desk here that is missing a
               | couple of legs!
               | 
               | > Hollowed out opportunity, or hollowed out available
               | jobs? As noted earlier, there is a pretty big difference
               | 
               | Sure they'll go work minimum wage jobs at the highway
               | fast food and gas stops. Buc-ees is iticing for jobs to
               | sling BBQ sandwiches and scrub toilets! Big opportunity
               | there. Once again, where's your data? I've linked mine,
               | you're a foreigner going arguing against my lived
               | experiences without even pointing to actual data, instead
               | berating me and taking down to me about asking for you to
               | actually give examples.
               | 
               | > Can I assume this implies that you have diligently read
               | mine?
               | 
               | Yes, I have read yours. Have you actually read mine? I'm
               | taking about one of the largest metro areas in the US
               | trying to describe why people make the choices I do,
               | showing real examples backed by federal reserve data and
               | actual maps and housing costs and tax data. You're
               | seemingly ignoring them and instead giving your own
               | imagined ideas of transit times and job opportunities and
               | property values not backed by any kind of data.
               | 
               | You're giving assumed ideas while ignoring actual factual
               | linked data and _multiple_ lived experiences in this chat
               | while accusing me of not reading the data you refuse to
               | share. You might want to re-evaluate who is going by gut
               | assumptions.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | Many people who live in those towns you describe work in
               | McKinney, Plano and other parts of the suburbs. I'm not
               | saying you're wrong because there certainly are those
               | people that make those commutes. I personally know a dev
               | who lives in Prosper and another who lives in Melissa and
               | they both commute to Las Colinas! Their reasoning was
               | home affordability, home value growth, and school
               | quality.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Many people do, I agree! I'm not trying to paint it as
               | _everyone_ living there does have an hour commute, it 's
               | true many don't.
               | 
               | But yeah, go work a job in Addison, Las Colinas, deep in
               | Plano, etc. You'll find a lot of coworkers living in
               | Farmersville, Prosper, Melissa, etc.
               | 
               | > Their reasoning was home affordability, home value
               | growth, and school quality
               | 
               | This is yet another set of data points showing what I'm
               | talking about, thank you. These people live there because
               | it was cheap when they bought it, they expect the
               | metroplex to keep growing increasing the value of their
               | eventually "closer in" home from where the outskirts will
               | be in a decade, and schools are better than other places
               | they might have afforded to buy. Am I wrong?
               | 
               | In the end transit time to the American Airlines Center
               | to watch a Mavericks or Dallas Stars game didn't matter.
               | It didn't matter it wasn't the restaurant capital of the
               | region.
               | 
               | And I don't blame them, that was the choice they were
               | given with the options presented. Housing in the US is a
               | mess, and it seems few get what they'd _really_ prefer
               | they just have to live with the tradeoffs of what 's on
               | the market at the time.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | > That's the thing, a lot of Americans really don't like
               | this idea of being squeezed in tightly.
               | 
               | I think it's a large and growing cultural divide.
               | 
               | There is a growing class of predominantly progressive
               | people who look to walkability scores and the variety of
               | ethnic restaurants and music venues to evaluate the
               | desirability of a place to live. And an older more
               | conservative cohort who value what you describe.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | I agree there's a growing divide there, and even a decent
               | middle ground there of people who value maybe having a
               | yard but want a park and shops and what not within
               | bicycle distance and not be entirely car dependent.
               | 
               | I'm not entirely sure it's fully an age divide.
               | Definitely age-weighted, I can agree. Other than family
               | that grew up in NYC, most of my family >50 thinks I'm
               | crazy for taking my kids on public transit and can't
               | understand why I'd like to live closer in the city with
               | kids compared to living in the sticks on a large property
               | and a 15 minute drive to the grocery store. But there's
               | also a lot of conservative younger-ish (millennial and
               | younger) people who also seem to have that same mindset
               | of wanting to live further out of the city and don't care
               | or are against things like transit and tax dollars spent
               | on city parks and bike lanes.
               | 
               | That example of the family of four where a four bedroom
               | house is just too cramped for their needs I gave
               | elsewhere? They're barely 30. They're absolutely not
               | alone in what they're looking for.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > Yes, but why would anyone want to live on what is
               | effectively a farm, but without the benefit of separation
               | from other people or land (read: income) that a farm
               | offers?
               | 
               | They don't want complete separation from other people.
               | They want conveniences of the city/metropolis (access to
               | jobs, entertainment, and education) while having a lot of
               | space around their home for recreation & privacy.
               | 
               | They don't want farm work (required for that income)
               | either - it's physically and emotionally hard and margins
               | are thin and fragile depending on the weather.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> They want conveniences of the city /metropolis (access
               | to jobs, entertainment, and education)_
               | 
               | But not without having to travel. And once travel is in
               | the picture, you can be to the same places just as fast
               | from a farm as you can from another point in the city. It
               | might be hard to appreciate if you have never lived on a
               | farm, but once you do you'll realize that the highway is
               | unbelievably efficient.
               | 
               | Your point only holds for when that stuff is available
               | within walking distance of one's home. But now we're back
               | to not needing costly transportation, so...
               | 
               |  _> They don 't want farm work (required for that income)
               | either_
               | 
               | Where do you get the idea that farm work is a necessary
               | condition to realize an income from farm land? Most
               | farmers (in the legal sense) don't farm their own land,
               | they have other farmers work it through
               | sharecropping/rental agreements.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > But not without having to travel. And once travel is in
               | the picture, you can be to the same places just as fast
               | from a farm as you can from another point in the city.
               | 
               | Your phrase "having to travel" is painting with a very
               | broad brush.
               | 
               | There are naturally huge variations in transit time
               | depending on where you live in a metropolis, where you
               | are going, and how you are getting there.
               | 
               | I can walk 15 minutes to a coffee shop and grocery store,
               | drive 20 minutes to a Walmart, and take a train 35
               | minutes to the office.
               | 
               | All are very convenient and the latter two require
               | transportation.
               | 
               | > Where do you get the idea that farm work is a necessary
               | condition to realize an income from farm land? Most
               | farmers (in the legal sense) don't farm their own land,
               | they have other farmers work it through
               | sharecropping/rental agreements.
               | 
               | Even if you aren't doing the hard labor, you have to want
               | to manage that kind of business. Most people evidently
               | prefer not to, and instead like urban jobs. The last 150
               | years of urbanization isn't a fluke.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> I can walk 15 minutes to a coffee shop and grocery
               | store_
               | 
               | Not to make it sound like a competition, but I can do it
               | in 5 _not_ living in a city. Why does it take so long in
               | a place that should be optimized for keeping everything
               | close by?
               | 
               |  _> drive 20 minutes to a Walmart_
               | 
               | I can be to two different Walmarts given 20 minutes. That
               | is also an unusually long time for a heavily populated
               | area. Are you actually living in a rural area with a
               | train and I misunderstood?
               | 
               |  _> and take a train 35 minutes to the office._
               | 
               | Okay. You got me there. I don't have a train in my
               | backyard. It would take me 20 minutes to get to the
               | station.
               | 
               | But, to be fair, when I lived in a big city downtown it
               | also took me 20 minutes to get to the station, so perhaps
               | your situation of having a train sitting right outside
               | your door waiting on you is a bit unusual?
               | 
               | That said, perhaps you have included, say, 20 minutes to
               | get to the station, and a few minutes waiting on the
               | train. But in that case is the 5-10 minutes of actual
               | train time really that advantageous? In this scenario
               | you're almost at your destination before you even get on
               | the train. Presumably this isn't what you meant.
               | 
               |  _> you have to want to manage that kind of business._
               | 
               | You'd have to report your income to the government. What
               | else is there?
               | 
               | The onus will be on the farmer working the land to do
               | everything else. I know that well, because I'm one of
               | those farmers. The industry is much too competitive to
               | think you can make the landowner do anything.
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | Because it's cheaper, if we're bring frank. The middle
               | class is slowly being priced out of urban sprawls.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | You've been mislead by an overloaded term. Urban in an
               | academic context is a much lower bar than urban in a "any
               | reasonably layman's meaning of the word" context.
               | 
               | Pretty much any time you hear "city" or "urban" it's
               | either a direct or indirect reference to US census data
               | (or follow on research by other academics that uses their
               | definitions) which play fast and loose with the word
               | urban in a way that results in the population of even the
               | most far out municipalities within a city's economic area
               | being countable as urban in some capacity depending on
               | what data set you want to use (some of the data sets draw
               | economic distinctions rather than lifestyle ones, so a
               | rural farmer who exists in the eoncomic gravity well of a
               | major urban area will be counted as urban).
               | 
               | This is all magnified by substantially less than honest
               | people omitting the potentially misleading nature of the
               | term when it suits them and the people who they've
               | informed going on to parrot it without actually
               | understanding it.
               | 
               | INB4 nitpickers, it's been a decade since I've done any
               | work with this data, if my knowledge is out of date and
               | it's no longer misleading to the layman then good.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> Urban in an academic context is a much lower bar than
               | urban_
               | 
               | I said _city_ , not urban, trying to portray a high
               | density, well populated area. I fully recognize that the
               | US considers a community as small as 2,000 people to be
               | urban. And, similarly, you need as few as 1,000 people in
               | an area in my country to fall into what is considered
               | urban. This is all well known and understood.
               | 
               | That said, the 3,000 people strong town I live in has
               | everything you need in walking distance, so the point
               | still stands even for small urban too. But it remains
               | that average American lives in larger, more dense
               | communities than that, so the idea of needing
               | transportation is quite strange and defeats the purpose
               | of the density.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > But it remains that average American lives in larger,
               | more dense communities than that, so the idea of needing
               | transportation is quite strange and defeats the purpose
               | of the density.
               | 
               | Generally, American suburbs (where most Americans live)
               | are neither dense nor particularly walkable. Driving is
               | the only option (since they also generally lack public
               | transit).
               | 
               | > That said, the 3,000 people strong town I live in has
               | everything you need in walking distance, so the point
               | still stands even for small urban too. But it remains
               | that average American lives in larger, more dense
               | communities than that, so the idea of needing
               | transportation is quite strange and defeats the purpose
               | of the density.
               | 
               | If you live in a pre-car American town (like the kind
               | that Strong Towns champions), it is likely far more dense
               | than the typical American suburb, and built for walking
               | access - since that was the default at the time they came
               | into existence.
        
               | 9rx wrote:
               | _> If you live in a pre-car American town_
               | 
               | Technically it was established before the automobile, but
               | its tenth of a mile downtown commercial strip is the only
               | remaining remnant of that. For all intents and purposes,
               | it was built to "modern" standards, which is to say that
               | its density is on par with the average American suburb. -
               | To be fair, the streets and sidewalks are sensibly laid
               | out. Some of those winding maze suburbs would take days
               | of walking just to get out of the maze. That certainly
               | helps.
               | 
               | By definition, urban requires at least 1,000 people per
               | square mile at minimum. Any less than that and a place is
               | well and truly rural by every account. Even at that
               | minimum density, unless the town is literally a straight
               | line, most everything should still be reasonably
               | walkable.
               | 
               | The difference is really only that people in towns of
               | 3,000 people want all the jobs, services, and amenities
               | as possible. Whereas suburban folk fight tooth and nail
               | to keep it all out. But the question is: Why? Why
               | wouldn't you want those things nearby, most especially
               | when you are complaining you can't afford transportation
               | to those amenities where there are found elsewhere?
               | What's the appeal of being shoved up tight against your
               | annoying neighbour and to have nothing else?
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > The difference is really only that people in towns of
               | 3,000 people want all the jobs, services, and amenities
               | as possible. Whereas suburban folk fight tooth and nail
               | to keep it all out. But the question is: Why? Why
               | wouldn't you want those things nearby, most especially
               | when you are complaining you can't afford transportation
               | to those amenities where there are found elsewhere?
               | 
               | Because the amenities usually require low income service
               | employees, who then might want to live in that suburb, or
               | just stay past their quitting time, which might then
               | compromise some of the reasons you liked the suburb in
               | the first place.
               | 
               | > when you are complaining you can't afford
               | transportation to those amenities where there are found
               | elsewhere
               | 
               | I don't think suburbanites complain about the cost of
               | transportation. They complain about the time spent in
               | traffic.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | This is an "urban" home in a "city" of nearly 40,000
               | residents. Good luck telling this family they don't need
               | to worry about paying for at least one automobile.
               | 
               | https://maps.app.goo.gl/niLDDJkrkYJ1Hh4J7
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | That's a two-edged sword. Food, clothing, cars and all
               | sorts of factory produced stuff are significantly cheaper
               | today than they were 50 years ago. So they don't dominate
               | budgets the way they used to 50 years ago.
        
               | xeromal wrote:
               | I remember reading years ago that food used to cost 30%
               | of a family's income in the early 1900s
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | Yes, so why are we ignoring that housing is multiple
               | times more expensive? Even with 5 times the luxury
               | expenses, you're not going to end up cheaper than boomers
               | who paid $1000 on a mortgage in a high COL area. Telling
               | people to penny pinch on buying Netflix subscriptions
               | while rent is 70% of their budget is just political
               | theater at this point.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Rent per square foot per person as a fraction of income
               | has been relatively constant. Rent has gone from 13% of
               | income in 1970 to 30% of income today, but average house
               | size has doubled and average family size has halved.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Taxes? That can't possibly be right. Average American
               | household pays a small fraction of their income in taxes.
               | Unless they somehow got a huge, expensive house and have
               | the mortgage paid off, I don't see how their income could
               | possibly be dominated by taxes over, say, healthcare, or
               | food.
        
               | drdec wrote:
               | Income tax is not the only tax.
               | 
               | First off there is payroll tax.
               | 
               | Then there are sales taxes.
               | 
               | And don't forget property tax.
               | 
               | I am probably forgetting something.
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | Well if they're buying gasoline in California, or
               | cigarettes in Australia taxes can be a huge part of the
               | pricetag even if they're not thinking of it as taxes. You
               | can see various taxes and fees if you look at the receipt
               | of an airline ticket or a bill from a Telecoms company. I
               | admit the fee they add to fund 911 calls isn't typically
               | large but every little bit adds up
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | A family that makes 80k spends about
               | 
               | - 9400 on federal income taxes
               | 
               | - 12,000 on payroll taxes (including corp chunk b/c of
               | economics)
               | 
               | - 3000-9000 on sales/property/stage income taxes
               | 
               | That's a pretty big chunk.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | I guess I don't really count payroll taxes since it's not
               | a line item in my budget. Anyway, that's certainly a
               | bigger chunk than I was envisioning.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | You left out health care and education.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | And in the 1870s the average middle class family wouldn't
               | have owned nearly the same variety of finished wood and
               | metal products. Industrialization changed that.
               | 
               | You can't just say "but iphones" to hand wave away huge
               | changes in the big items of a family's budget.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The amount of junk in my house is astonishing when
               | compared to what was in the small house I grew up in.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | I do wonder if there's hidden benefits to using Klarna to
             | get, like, bulk discounts. Buy three months of toilet
             | paper/chicken broth at once at Costco, pay it off over
             | three months, save a few bucks each time.
        
               | ndileas wrote:
               | You don't need klarna for this. Credit cards already fill
               | this need, and with careful use are free. Most people (in
               | my circles) already do this type of thing
        
               | johnnyanmac wrote:
               | That "woth careful use" is carrying a trillion dollar
               | industry on its back, sadly. Clearly society is in fact
               | not careful.
        
               | cyberge99 wrote:
               | Not really. The people that pay interest on credit cards
               | are the ones that pay for the luxuries/points/rewards of
               | those who use credit cards wisely. If I get a 0% apr
               | credit card for 18 months, i put all of my expenses on it
               | for 16 months. I put that equivalent cash in to a high
               | interest yield savings account (HYSA) and pay the card
               | off before it's due. I pocket the difference since the
               | bank just gave me a free loan.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Credit cards fill this need for a month of spend, but if
               | you want to go three months at a time you need to figure
               | out a different solution.
        
               | ndileas wrote:
               | When purchasing durable goods or bulk supplies, the
               | difference is minimal. It might require saving before
               | purchase, or gradually moving to the bulk model to
               | preserve cash flow. But it's totally doable with a credit
               | card on the household scale.
        
               | GreenVulpine wrote:
               | They had a $5 off a $20 purchase promo on eBay recently.
               | I imagine they'd make similar offers on other platforms
               | too.
        
           | conradev wrote:
           | I find meaning in understanding ever so slightly more about
           | the world we live in, and so I love consuming as many things
           | and experiences as possible to have a rich understanding of
           | myself and to some extent, humanity as a whole.
           | 
           | I don't like the word "consume" though. Am I consuming a
           | surfboard or am I surfing? am I consuming a song, or am I
           | listening to it? singing along to it? This perspective feels
           | tired.
           | 
           | The entire system (evolution) is based on growth and
           | consumption. Blame agriculture! Too much free time to consume
           | now - we are full-time entropy farmers.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | > I have a hard time blaming "the average person"
           | 
           | People still have agency and so are responsible for their
           | decisions.
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | > The "average person" is told from birth to consume as many
           | things and experiences as possible as it if was the only
           | thing that could give their life a meaning.
           | 
           | The "average person" doesn't make enough money to pay rent or
           | afford groceries. You're blaming the poor based on your idea
           | of what an "average person" looks like, which is a
           | representation of middle and upper middle class. The average
           | person doesn't have the luxury to consume as many things and
           | experiences as possible.
        
             | joshuahedlund wrote:
             | Doesn't "average" = "middle class" by definition?
             | 
             | US median individual income in 2022 was $48k
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_United
             | _...
             | 
             | > The "average person" doesn't make enough money to pay
             | rent or afford groceries
             | 
             | <1% of the US population is homeless, and ~10% receive food
             | stamps. The average person makes enough money to pay rent
             | and buy groceries.
        
               | darth_avocado wrote:
               | Just because people aren't homeless and don't qualify for
               | food stamps doesn't mean they can afford things.
               | 
               | You need to make less than $33k for a family of 3 to even
               | qualify for food stamps and then get disqualified if your
               | total assets are above $4.5K. If you're an adult without
               | children, your food stamps eligibility is capped at 3
               | months every 3 years. A lot of people who need food
               | stamps, do not qualify for them.
               | 
               | Credit card debt is $1.2T, out of which 10% is delinquent
               | for more than 90 days. https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-
               | economy/2025/may/broad-con...
               | 
               | Student loan debt is at $1.7T.
               | 
               | People are going into debt to buy groceries.
               | https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2024/05/20/americans-are-going-
               | into...
               | 
               | The average American life is way worse than what people
               | generally make it out to be.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | The median household income is 80k which is plenty to
             | afford groceries and rent.
             | 
             | How did you come to believe that half the people in the
             | richest country in the world can't afford to eat or have a
             | roof over their head?
        
         | forrestthewoods wrote:
         | > the average person
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure the median American does NOT carry a monthly CC
         | balance. They pay it off in full every month.
         | 
         | But it's very close to 50%. And may swing one side or the other
         | depending on how fubar the economy is at that moment in time.
         | 
         | So what you said is true for roughly half of Americans. But not
         | true at all for the other ~half.
         | 
         | I think.
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | I looked it up, and most of the sources seem sketchy (quora,
           | lendingtree), but they agree with your number.
           | 
           | I think the kicker is, the ~50% of people who don't pay them
           | off in full every month can have a massive amount of CC debt
           | and struggle to even make a dent in it.
        
         | vintermann wrote:
         | Are you familiar with the boots theory of socioeconomic
         | unfairness?
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | That's basically a special case of the Matthew principle.
        
         | andruby wrote:
         | Do you also think that way about buying a house with a mortgage
         | (credit)? I don't.
         | 
         | A mortgage isn't used to make more money. It's used so people
         | can own a house after saving for a few years, rather than
         | waiting until they've saved for a few decades.
        
           | leereeves wrote:
           | Often, a mortgage is either used to make money (from rising
           | house prices) or save money (when the mortgage is cheaper
           | than rent).
        
             | jltsiren wrote:
             | Often, houses are depreciating assets that are expensive to
             | maintain, but people take mortgage and buy them anyway.
             | Often, renting is cheaper than buying, but people buy
             | anyway, because they like the idea of owning their home.
             | Often, people buy a home, because suitable homes are not
             | available to rent.
             | 
             | Money is only a means to an end. It has no inherent value.
             | And very often, the subjective value of a thing is
             | essentially unrelated to the monetary value.
        
               | rwmj wrote:
               | In addition, you get countries like the UK where renting
               | is very precarious. You might be forced to move every
               | year, after a year your landlord can turf you out with
               | only a few months' notice, you aren't allowed to modify
               | the house in any way even putting a picture-hook into the
               | wall or redecorating a room, etc. Since most people
               | cannot afford to buy a house outright, a mortgage is
               | necessary to avoid this.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | You can believe that if you like of course, but I am
               | definitely not teaching my children that.
               | 
               | Renting cheaper than owning sounds like a very short-term
               | view.
               | 
               | My dad explained to me the nice thing about a 30 year
               | fixed mortgage in simple terms: 10, 20, up to 30 years
               | later ... your "rent" is the same.
               | 
               | It's a simple experiment to see what a person's rent was
               | going for 30 years ago in your community and then see
               | what a person with a typical 30-year mortgage would have
               | paid each month 30 years ago. Because one of those two is
               | still paying the same monthly amount today and about to
               | have an asset they can pass along to their kids or spouse
               | (or cash-out if they want to retire to live in a trailer
               | in Eloy, Arizona).
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | There are plenty of places where many people can afford
               | market-rate rentals, while there is nothing they can
               | afford to buy. That includes some major cities, where
               | land is inherently scarce, as well as other desirable
               | locations, where the locals have chosen to ban sufficient
               | housing.
               | 
               | Rents are ultimately based on what people can afford to
               | pay. Home prices, on the other hand, also reflect the
               | viability of the home as an investment. If the market
               | believes that housing will not become more affordable in
               | the foreseeable future, homes in that area are low-risk
               | investments, and investors will accept lower returns for
               | their money. Home prices grow very high relative to
               | rents. Taking a mortgage to buy then becomes the
               | financial equivalent of taking a loan and putting the
               | money in a savings account.
               | 
               | The city where I live in California is one of those
               | places. Before Covid, home prices were high but
               | tolerable. Then the prices jumped due to WFH, while rents
               | grew at a much slower pace. And then interest rates went
               | up without making a dent in home prices, making homes too
               | expensive for those poor enough to need a substantial
               | mortgage.
        
               | cbdumas wrote:
               | NYTimes publishes a fantastic calculator [0] to help make
               | this kind of rent vs. buy decision. It's not always that
               | clear cut.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/upshot/buy-
               | rent-cal...
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | > Renting cheaper than owning sounds like a very short-
               | term view.
               | 
               | That highly depends on where you live. In some
               | countries/cities, buying really makes no sense both short
               | and long term. In others, it absolutely might.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | There are maintenance requirements to home ownership,
               | absolutely. And some are not cheap.
               | 
               | But there is absolutely a segment on HN who will act like
               | home ownership is nothing more than pulling out a card
               | for the next four digit expense every month or more.
               | 
               | "What are you going to do when (not if) you hot water
               | dies? And then you need a roof? Oops your house needs
               | painting and new appliances and now the AC is gone too,
               | what about pest control, and hopefully your sewer line
               | doesn't collapse? Can't handle all that happening to you?
               | Can you realllly afford a house then?"
        
           | IsTom wrote:
           | You need to compare money paid for mortgage minus price of
           | house against money paid for rent (when you're left with no
           | assets after all the years of paying it).
        
             | cbdumas wrote:
             | NYTimes has a great calculator for doing just that
             | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/upshot/buy-rent-
             | cal...
        
           | eadmund wrote:
           | A mortgage doesn't make money, but it (can) enable spending
           | less money. If you buy a place such that interest,
           | maintenance, insurance, taxes and the opportunity cost of not
           | being able to easily relocate are less than rent, then you
           | have saved the difference.
           | 
           | It's also a way to force saving, which is psychologically
           | useful (and thus valuable).
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | If you buy a house for 500k on a 5% mortgage over 25 years
             | when you are 25, and you plan to live until you are 85, you
             | will live there for 60 years.
             | 
             | It will cost you 35k a year for 25 years, or 875k a year
             | 
             | After 25 years you have no more expenses.
             | 
             | If instead you rent it for 20k a year, increasing with 2%
             | inflation each year, by year 25 you're paying 33k a year in
             | rent, and by year 60 you're paying 66k a year.
             | 
             | Over 60 years you pay 2.4m in rent, or 900k in mortgage
             | (you could also then sell that house for 1.6m with a 2%
             | annual inflation).
             | 
             | You'd have to invest the savings and get way higher than
             | inflation returns to break even.
             | 
             | Of course there's maintenance costs of the house too, but
             | that's with rent far cheaper than the mortgage. In reality
             | rent tends to be a similar amount as a mortgage (in the UK
             | it tends to be higher - as people won't rent places out if
             | they aren't covering their mortgage - at the very least the
             | interest part of it). You'll likely find house prices
             | appreciating more than inflation too - just like stock
             | prices do. Rent tends to track income.
             | 
             | Now you could argue that you'll get more by investing in
             | high return growth stocks. And you might be right. In the
             | 80s there was a whole "endownment" mortgage craze where you
             | paid the interest on the mortgage, and then the rest rather
             | than paying down the mortgage capital, instead was
             | invested.
             | 
             | This was a massive scandal as many investments didn't have
             | enough to cover the mortgage amount upon maturity. With a
             | mortgage you know that no matter what happens with
             | inflation, growth, returns, stock crashes etc, you will own
             | one house after X years.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | > You'd have to invest the savings and get way higher
               | than inflation returns to break even.
               | 
               | You say that like it's a difficult thing to do.
               | 
               | S&P500 is up 710% since 1996. Gold is up 92% since 2012.
               | 
               | Personally, the rent control is the best part of a
               | mortgage and even though renting is typically better, I'm
               | fine paying a premium for that. That said, good luck
               | getting somebody to loan you 900k so you can play the
               | stock market; it's much easier to get that for a house
               | though.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | > Gold is up 92% since 2012.
               | 
               | And housing is up 125% since 2012, so the sucker who
               | bought gold instead of a house has lost out.
               | 
               | We can all be rich in hindsight.
               | 
               | (There's also other benefits to owning - like being able
               | to have pets, not being able to be evicted, etc)
               | 
               | But the biggest tell that housing is valuable is that
               | nobody is spending $500k on housing to rent it out if
               | they could make more money pumping $500k into the stock
               | market.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | You should look into how many homes are being purchased
               | primarily for AirBNB/VRBO type income streams...
        
               | phil21 wrote:
               | > But the biggest tell that housing is valuable is that
               | nobody is spending $500k on housing to rent it out if
               | they could make more money pumping $500k into the stock
               | market.
               | 
               | Of course they are. I do. I do so knowing full well that
               | my expected returns are going to be nowhere near my
               | brokerage account invested in public equities. The past
               | decade has followed that expectation.
               | 
               | I and many others do it as a form of diversification.
               | It's risk aversion in the end. Most people with capital
               | don't want to be putting all their eggs into one basket,
               | so for wealth preservation and diversified income streams
               | it's a good option even knowing up front you are expected
               | to lose money via opportunity cost.
               | 
               | That ignores other benefits of housing being a privileged
               | investment category by the current government and
               | monetary/tax policy. If you seek cheap leverage this is
               | probably one of your few options as a "two bit" player in
               | the market at that $500k level.
        
               | pmalynin wrote:
               | If you put around 200-300k into IBKR (not affiliated) you
               | can get portfolio margin which will give you just shy of
               | $2,000,000 in buying power. Access to leverage isn't
               | really an issue, but forced liquidation definitely is.
               | The bank will not liquidate your mortgage if you end up
               | underwater.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Yeah forced liquidation is a big problem for a long-term
               | loan.
               | 
               | IIUC, Musk et al take loans at 25% of their share's value
               | to avoid this ever coming up.
               | 
               | Also the average house price is 500k in the US so a 20%
               | downpayment (which not everybody does) is still less than
               | 200k.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | >After 25 years you have no more expenses.
               | 
               | After 25-50yr (depending a lot on macroeconomic factors
               | and your specific municipality) property taxes will
               | likely be comparable to your mortgage payment.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Property taxes tend to go up with inflation though, so
               | while the numbers given are wrong, the point still
               | stands.
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | No more expenses... Right!
               | 
               | No property tax. No homeowner's insurance. No
               | maintenance. Just living on easy street.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | It seems unlikely you'd be able to rent somewhere for
               | less than the cost of
               | 
               | * maintenence
               | 
               | * taxes
               | 
               | * return on capital
               | 
               | Because otherwise your landlord is subsidising you, and
               | why would they do that?
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Rental prices are connected to costs, but not tightly.
               | 
               | If I'm a landlord and my costs are $X, but I can find
               | renters for $2X, I'm probably going to charge closer to
               | $2X.
               | 
               | If my costs are $X, but I can only charge $0.9X, I'll
               | most likely rent it for that, because losing $0.1X is
               | better than losing $X; unless I own a lot of units and it
               | makes more sense to push the 'average rent' up, even if
               | it means more vacancies. If the market conditions are
               | like that for a while, I'll probably try to sell, but
               | I'll take the loss for a while.
               | 
               | Additionally, if local market conditions include
               | something like California Prop 13, a landlord that has
               | been holding property since before I was born most likely
               | has a much lower property tax bill than if I purchase a
               | similar property. In that case, renting could supply them
               | with a nice return and me with a nice discount.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | > Because otherwise your landlord is subsidising you, and
               | why would they do that?
               | 
               | Because they may have capitalized decades ago and the
               | market only bears a certain price. They're not
               | subsidizing you because their cashflow needs are actually
               | lower than new entrants.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | > people won't rent places out if they aren't covering
               | their mortgage
               | 
               | btw this is usually false, and mostly irrational.
               | 
               | 1. Realize that every landlord has a different
               | capitalization structure. Many likely bought decades ago
               | and thus only owe a fraction of what the current market
               | selling price is. Additionally we also have had a long
               | period of ultra low interest rates so their interest rate
               | is different than what new entrants are paying. Because
               | their capital cost is lower they can actually offer for
               | far less than the (Interest+Taxes+Insurance+Maintenance)
               | costs that a home owner would have to bear.
               | 
               | 2. The rational move of a landlord is to price
               | competitively based on what the market can bear, even
               | possibly losing a little money per month in cashflow (but
               | less bad than the appreciation rate and cost of
               | disposal/selling/defaulting).
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > and mostly irrational
               | 
               | I'd say it is quite rational. Real estate represents
               | value, and value should be earning at all times. Owning
               | it free and clear does not change that one iota. Rents
               | are based on the value of the property, not the mortgage
               | on it.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | False, rents are based on what the market will bear. The
               | value of the property is stickier than rents.
               | 
               | Plus one can be "losing money" on cashflow but earning
               | money in equity, so one can rent for less than the
               | mortgage while the value of the asset is rising even
               | faster than the monthly loss. Of course this only happens
               | based on speculation and having free cash to "lose"
               | monthly.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > rents are based on what the market will bear
               | 
               | And that is the value of the property. I.e. the value of
               | property is what income it will generate.
               | 
               | When those two values diverge, then "arbitrage" steps in
               | which converges them again.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > It will cost you 35k a year
               | 
               | > If instead you rent it for 20k a year
               | 
               | Some good numbers, but what is missing is the result of
               | investing $35k-$20k=$15k per year. Let's say you earn a
               | %7 real return on $15k/year invested for 60-25=35 years.
               | 
               | Writing a little program:                   import
               | core.stdc.stdio;         void main() {             double
               | d = 0;             foreach (i; 0..35)                 d =
               | (d+15000)*1.07;             printf("d: $%f\n", d);
               | }
               | 
               | Yields $2,218,701
               | 
               | I would think twice about buying real estate as an
               | investment.
               | 
               | Personally, I own my home because I want to use it as I
               | see fit, but I recognize that as an investment it's a
               | lousy one.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | somehow, I never learned to use a spreadsheet
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | 25 years ago, I sold my previous house. It recently sold
               | for 4x what I sold it for, a 300% ROI. Was selling it a
               | financial mistake?
               | 
               | Consider that I didn't pay property taxes, insurance,
               | maintenance, and squatter eviction costs for the last 25
               | years.
               | 
               | Consider that the S&P500 went up 561%.
               | 
               | Buying a house is not a good wealth builder strategy.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | Can't argue with the math but one thing about a mortgage
               | is it takes no effort. Just pay the bill and time does
               | the rest. With stock investment there's an emotional
               | attachment to every major swing, should you buy or should
               | you sell is never far from your thoughts. Using a home as
               | an investment may not make the most return but it's easy
               | as long as you can pay the bill.
        
               | sagarm wrote:
               | You can use a rent vs buy calculator to do the math for
               | your situation:
               | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/upshot/buy-rent-
               | cal...
               | 
               | The parent is minimizing a bunch of coats of owning:
               | maintenance, property tax, included utilities, HOAs, and
               | most importantly opportunity cost.
        
               | Whoppertime wrote:
               | https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2010/11/05/131105373/t
               | he-... I still remember an old Planet Money podcast they
               | did covering a Rent or Buy calculator, It didn't allow
               | for the possibility that the value of a house might fall
               | over time. If you put a negative appreciation rate it
               | would spit out an error. Which in the immediate aftermath
               | of 2007 meant the tool was unable to capture reality.
        
           | jacekm wrote:
           | I do. Housing prices are constantly rising, when you take a
           | loan you are buying an asset which (with some luck) may
           | appreciate in value more than mortgage interest rates. That's
           | why in some countries it's worth taking a loan as soon as
           | possible without saving for too long.
           | 
           | Sure, without mortgage you may not be able to afford a house
           | at all but it does not change the fact that mortgage is a
           | "good" loan (i.e. you benefit from taking it)
        
             | bboygravity wrote:
             | Mortgages with low interest rates are also one of the
             | (main) reasons houses are so "expensive" in the first
             | place.
             | 
             | The cheaper money (credit) is, the "higher" the prices will
             | go.
             | 
             | It's not so much that houses became expensive, it's more
             | that money to buy a house (specifically mortgages) became
             | relatively cheaper. Low interest rates did that.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | This is a one-time effect, though. Or at least, an effect
               | that only changes periodically (and should reverse) when
               | interest rates change. 30-year mortgages have been
               | standard in the US for most of my life, and houses have
               | gotten a lot more expensive during that time.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Mortgage loans have been getting cheaper due to
               | automation and the commoditization of loans / increase in
               | surplus capital.
               | 
               | That then pushes up home prices over time relative to
               | inflation.
        
               | matthewdgreen wrote:
               | Home prices have doubled in most areas since 2009 (and
               | worse in many areas.) when people complain about prices
               | in 2025, this is what they're talking about. This is not
               | driven by the novel existence of 30-year mortgages and
               | interest rates are at a near-term high.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Half of that is inflation. Most of what remains is the
               | anomaly in housing prices in 2009
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MSPUS
               | 
               | Inflation adjusted median US home prices Q4 2024 where
               | 419,300 vs Q4 2006 ~382,00 that isn't flat but the
               | difference is far less interesting.
        
               | Uvix wrote:
               | The effect may _pause_ when interest rates change, but it
               | 's unlikely to _reverse_ significantly. People who have
               | homes now aren 't going to want to sell for less than
               | they paid for them, so there's a lot of inertia against
               | prices going down.
        
               | schmidtleonard wrote:
               | The home ownership rate in the USA is 65%. If house
               | prices start going down, money will be printed until they
               | start going back up.
        
               | thechao wrote:
               | House size, build "quality" (the details in the house),
               | resource scarcity, and zoning policy are the drivers of
               | cost. Cheap credit and lifetime loans allow the system to
               | continue.
        
               | potato3732842 wrote:
               | Every time a municipality levies a requirement upon new
               | development the price of everything that could be used
               | the same way goes up by that amount since it's the "next
               | best thing". I got told I need to spend $20-50k on
               | engineered assessments and plans to clear an old farm
               | field that was left to grown over for 30yr and is now
               | considered "forest" by (a single unelected employee of)
               | the municipality.
               | 
               | Game out the economic implications of that sort of
               | regulatory behavior across the entire real estate and
               | housing sectors and suddenly a lot of stuff that makes no
               | sense makes a lot more sense.
        
               | Glyptodon wrote:
               | I don't know about this - when I see quotes on build cost
               | in my area they add up to more than similar properties
               | sell for in some cases, and generally aren't a whole lot
               | different than buying to the point that I've wondered why
               | it's like that.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | People forget that houses tend to get bigger when people
               | can afford it. Adam Smith observed this back in his
               | famous book.
        
             | RHSeeger wrote:
             | > Housing prices are constantly rising
             | 
             | Housing prices are _generally_ rising. It's entirely
             | possible to buy a house and wind up selling it later,
             | having lost money in it. Many times through no real fault.
        
               | andruby wrote:
               | I hope most people haven't forgotten about 2008 financial
               | crisis and how it was caused by declining housing prices
               | (and the banks/markets not taking that risk into account)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | We do. And we remember the rebound some years later and
               | are still kicking ourselves for having not scooped up
               | real estate fire-sales in Las Vegas.
               | 
               | I mean, hypothetically. Some people. Might be kicking
               | themselves.
        
             | gwbas1c wrote:
             | > _Housing prices are constantly rising_
             | 
             | Housing prices typically appreciate up with inflation over
             | the long run, although local markets don't always follow
             | the same pattern. (IE, Silicon Valley is a case where real
             | estate appreciated faster than inflation.)
             | 
             | Remember, it's over the long run. There can be periods
             | where a house will appreciate faster than inflation, and
             | other periods where the real value of a house doesn't keep
             | up. If you understand this dynamic, you can make a lot of
             | money. (IE, flipping and then becoming a landlord when the
             | market turns.)
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Since the not-yet-homeowner is no doubt paying rent, home
               | appreciation can slip by some measure below the rate of
               | inflation and still have been a wise investment.
               | 
               | Of course there is home insurance and repairs to
               | consider. But also there is the increase in rent to
               | consider on the other side as well.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Depends on how long the not yet homeowener will live
               | there. If you live in the same house for the next 40
               | years you are almost certainly better off owning it.
               | However if you have to move after a year (which might not
               | be in your control) you probably will lose money. 7 years
               | is a good rule of thumb for minimum time you need to live
               | in a house before it is better than renting, but exact
               | circumstances can be very different.
        
           | hk1337 wrote:
           | - They're giving you a line of credit, money you don't have,
           | to buy a house.
           | 
           | - Why else would mortgage loans ave percentage rates if not
           | to make money off lending you money?
        
             | alpinisme wrote:
             | The parent comment was about how you should only take loans
             | if you expect a return on the investment greater than the
             | interest. Not about the bank.
        
             | walthamstow wrote:
             | I think you've misread. The thread is about consumers of
             | credit using it to make themselves money.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | Of course they make money -- but they take on no real risk.
             | The home owner (who is taking on the risk) likely stands to
             | make much more money than the lender in appreciation.
             | 
             | (Never mind the homeowner has to live somewhere regardless
             | -- and anywhere but mom's basement [1] is going to charge
             | rent which would, by comparison, be throwing money away.)
             | 
             | [1] Okay, my mom charged me rent to live in her basement
             | when I was 19 or 20 and needed a place over the summer.
        
           | zblevins wrote:
           | Yes, though I'd add that a house is generally viewed as an
           | investment, unlike something like a car, which typically
           | depreciates in value.
        
           | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
           | I bought a house when I did because the interest on a
           | mortgage was lower than any reasonable prediction fir
           | inflation, which seemed a lot like free money; but at the
           | time it felt a lot more like a dirty hack taking advantage of
           | terrible government policy than any idealistic system where
           | credit is used to bootstrap productive capitalization.
        
             | phkahler wrote:
             | Low interest rates tend to just push housing prices up. The
             | average expenditure on housing as a percent of income have
             | been nearly constant in the US for 50 years.
        
               | haiku2077 wrote:
               | Yes but I get to keep the equity in the house. I don't
               | keep anything I pay towards interest.
        
           | SkyBelow wrote:
           | Shelter (and, for many, transportation) are a need for
           | maintaining their ability to make money. As such there is
           | some minimum amount that must be spent on these, and loans
           | costing up to that amount can be seen as ways of making
           | money. Most people who make these purchases do buy even more
           | than strictly necessary, and the extra spent above the
           | strictly necessary line should be seen as luxury expenses.
           | 
           | General advice for homes leads to buying a home that does
           | follow the logic, given historic movement of home prices and
           | rental prices. It rarely is put in those terms, but works.
           | For vehicles, the financial recommendation generally is to
           | buy less car as it is a depreciating asset. If you have cash
           | for a luxury expense, then it is no different from any other
           | large luxury purchase, but if you have to finance, go as
           | cheap as possible (but making sure to account for the repair
           | costs, fuel usage, and such, not just the initial cost and
           | loan payments).
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | No, an average person uses it to improve liquidity atop overall
         | solid fundamentals. Literally hundreds of million people
         | worldwide do it with no adverse effects and improved quality of
         | life. Irresponsible people are relatively a minority (although
         | they tend to make the news). And aversion to financing is in
         | itself a poverty marker more often than not.
        
           | al_borland wrote:
           | Of those who carry credit cards in the US, 60% of them carry
           | a balance [0].
           | 
           | There are also all those reports that have come out about how
           | nearly 40% of Americans don't have $400 for an emergency [1],
           | with the median being just $600.
           | 
           | If the rule of thumb for an emergency fund is 3-6 months of
           | expenses, and we can agree that paying interest on a credit
           | card is a bad finical decision, then I'm not sure how the
           | "average" person has solid fundamentals, where credit cards
           | are being used as a strategic tool.
           | 
           | People also tend to spend more when using credit cards [2],
           | which negates most benefits someone may get from using credit
           | card for the points. So even those with solid fundamentals,
           | who are using it as a tool, are probably still losing, just
           | in a less obvious way.
           | 
           | [0]
           | https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2025/03/why-
           | ar...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.empower.com/press-center/37-americans-cant-
           | affor...
           | 
           | [2] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1008196717017
        
             | ndriscoll wrote:
             | [1] is better interpreted as 40% of people who are willing
             | to work for less than minimum wage answering marketing
             | surveys don't have $400 for an emergency. It could still be
             | true, but the bias in the methodology is obvious.
        
             | tristor wrote:
             | > Of those who carry credit cards in the US, 60% of them
             | carry a balance [0].
             | 
             | Carrying a balance is not automatically the worst choice. I
             | have a massively positive net worth (for a working stiff),
             | so could effectively have $0 debt at any point in time,
             | inclusive of my mortgage, but all debt is not equal, nor
             | are all investments. Credit card debt is clearly one of the
             | worst forms of debt with the harshest interest rates, yet
             | even in that case selling investments and paying taxes on
             | them and forgoing future earnings on those investments to
             | pay off a credit card immediately vs over a few months is
             | not necessarily the right decision.
             | 
             | Credit cards are about providing you float so you can
             | smooth out cash flow. As an example, I am about to do some
             | home renovations, I expect to spend ~$40k to do so, I also
             | expect to earn and pay off that $40k over the following 4
             | months. My options are I can carry a balance on a credit
             | card, I can keep my home in a partially renovated state for
             | longer to pay cash, or I can take our a HELOC which has a
             | high origination cost and acts as a secondary lein on my
             | house. The credit card + carrying a balance for 4 months
             | and having my home back in a finished livable state faster
             | is clearly the best choice, but it means I'm in that 60%.
             | 
             | These choices aren't binary, the problem is that many
             | people are not financially literate enough to consider
             | their options and outcomes and choose the best choice, they
             | either have a default choice with no consideration, or no
             | real choice, both with negative outcomes.
        
               | al_borland wrote:
               | I suppose. I just did similarly priced renovations and
               | chose to put off the whole thing until I could do the
               | whole thing with cash. But everyone is in a different
               | situation. While I've been at my job for nearly 20 years,
               | the layoffs are frequent, and I've never felt any
               | meaningful level of job security. This leads me to seek
               | risk reduction, and part of that is eliminating as many
               | financial obligations as possible. In theory I could
               | probably make more investing (if we ignore the psychology
               | aspects), but in practice it's had the side effect of
               | dramatically increasing how much in invest on a monthly
               | basis after getting all the debt eliminated (which was
               | really only the house). The peace of mind comes more from
               | those low fixed expenses than from the savings. If I had
               | to, I think I could make ends meet working retail,
               | without dipping into savings/investments. I think about
               | this more often than is probably healthy.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | I empathize with that situation, it's something that
               | weighs on my mind a lot as well. One of my goals is
               | definitely to get the mortgage cleared out sooner rather
               | than later. In some ways I'm rolling the dice, but I also
               | feel like I'm safe from layoffs at least one quarter at a
               | time (e.g. I don't think it will be so sudden, it'll
               | align with quarterly earnings), and anything I can pay
               | off in a quarter of work is worth rolling the dice on,
               | even though there's always some risk there.
               | 
               | My plan of the moment is to get to a point where my
               | expenses are minimized (e.g. house is paid off) and I can
               | cover basic living necessities on investment income, and
               | do some type of artisan home business. I keep thinking
               | I'm going to really seriously get into carpentry, which
               | has been a long-time hobby, or open a mechanic's shop (my
               | other long-time hobby).
        
               | stephenbez wrote:
               | Another option is to do margin borrowing on some
               | investment assets that you have. Because it is a secured
               | loan the interest rates are much cheaper than credit
               | cards. Schwab has a good set up, it can be configured to
               | automatically do a loan if you withdraw more funds from
               | your checking account than you have. They currently
               | charge about 12% but there are other options around 6%.
               | 
               | My friend used this set up for his emergency fund since
               | he felt like it would be better to earn an investment
               | return and take a loan in an emergency instead of sitting
               | around having your money earn minimal amounts in a
               | checking account.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Yes, borrowing on margin is a really good strategy,
               | although it depends on your broker how that functions.
               | I've had a good experience using this for smaller
               | amounts, but given market volatility I'm concerned about
               | borrowing this large of a sum on margin, as I don't know
               | what clown stuff is going to happen in the next 6 months,
               | a credit card feels lower risk to me, although the
               | interest rate is higher. I actually considered this,
               | using a credit card will cost me $530 in additional
               | interest over taking margin, but has lower risks in my
               | estimation. That $530 is not enough for me to feel it's
               | worth it to do it via a margin loan.
               | 
               | That said, margin is really useful as a tool because it
               | lets you unlock the value of your investments without tax
               | penalties in lower volatility markets.
        
         | PicassoCTs wrote:
         | For the average consumer, debt is selling its future self as
         | slave.
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | Which is a good deal if the slave you sell is dead. When
           | there's no future, selling the nonfuture for the price of a
           | future is a good deal.
        
         | otikik wrote:
         | Only the bourgeoisie can be trusted to handle credit
         | responsibly.
         | 
         | The proletariat is too illiterate and short-term-focused to be
         | trusted with it.
        
           | fancyfredbot wrote:
           | If you really believe the only responsible use of credit is
           | to buy productive assets then this is a tautology. As soon as
           | anyone uses credit buy productive assets they cease to be
           | proletarian and become part of the capitalist class.
        
             | otikik wrote:
             | Try reading my comment again with a more sarcastic tone.
        
         | potato3732842 wrote:
         | I'm really sick of this sort of look down your nose at a huge
         | fraction of consumers type behavior. It's the same sort of
         | stupidity that underpins the famous "surely everyone else is
         | wrong" behavior that is exemplified by principal skinner[1].
         | 
         | I eat garbage by the standards of anyone who gives a crap about
         | food and you don't see me going around looking down on everyone
         | for wasting resources on fancy food ingredients and fancy
         | cookware and whatnot. At the end of the day these unnecessary
         | things bring enough perceived benefit to people's lives that
         | they seem worth it, whether that's you overpriced LeDouchebag
         | brand enameled dutch oven or a financing service for consumer
         | garbage doesn't really matter. It's all a "needless"
         | expenditure at the end of the day that people find worth it.
         | 
         | I've never used these services and probably never will, nor am
         | I saying the prevalence of these things is optimal at scale,
         | it's probably not, but I'm not gonna sit there and act like 1
         | in N consumers, probably hundreds of millions of people, is
         | wrong or ignorant for using them or that I know better for not.
         | 
         | -shitposted from my 8yo phone while driving my $500 car through
         | traffic on bald tires
         | 
         | [1] https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/am-i-so-out-of-touch
        
           | suddenlybananas wrote:
           | Le Creuset pots are genuinely great though
        
             | eric_the_read wrote:
             | Absolutely! But they're not, IME, 6x as great as a $50
             | Lodge dutch oven. They don't solve a categorically
             | different problem or solve the same problem in an
             | innovative new way. They're just really nicely made, is
             | all.
        
           | tristor wrote:
           | > shitposted from my 8yo phone while driving my $500 car
           | through traffic on bald tires
           | 
           | I mostly agree with you, but some of those "needless"
           | expenditures have negative externalities when avoided.
           | Whether that's processed foods causing heart disease and
           | diabetes that strain public health resources, or your bald
           | tires greatly increasing the likelihood of an automobile
           | accident that could kill you or someone else. Your response
           | takes an opposite extreme that none of this matters, when in
           | fact much of it matters, but it's not like treating it like
           | it matters makes you a better person. We need to eliminate
           | moral value judgements from the equation, while still being
           | reasonable.
        
         | BolexNOLA wrote:
         | I like to occasionally use BNPL to spread out big purchases for
         | things even if I can already afford it.
        
         | yobbo wrote:
         | > the average person is using it to delay having to work that
         | hour at all, in exchange for having to work an hour and six
         | minutes sometime later.
         | 
         | As long as inflation is higher than the interest rate, it means
         | having to work less than an hour in total.
         | 
         | (But it's unsustainable in the long run ...)
        
         | ta1243 wrote:
         | When I was in my 20s it would take me 20 hours work to earn 100
         | units
         | 
         | 15 years later it takes 3 hours work to earn the same amount
         | 
         | If I borrow 100 units in my 20s at 4%, it cost 4 units per year
         | 
         | I save 20 hours work, and it costs me 4 units a year. That's 48
         | minutes work in year one, reducing to 8 minute after 15 years.
         | Overall it costs an average 20 minutes a year for 15 years, or
         | 5 hours of work, then I repay the capital which is 3 hours.
         | 
         | I've spent 8 hours of work rather than 20 hours.
        
         | Tangurena2 wrote:
         | In some states, your FICO score is used to determine how much
         | your electric utility charges you. Or whether you can be
         | permitted to rent an apartment.
         | 
         | Sample:
         | https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB109469015834513166?gaa_at=eaf...
        
         | game_the0ry wrote:
         | I like to think of it as "debt productivity" - for every $1 of
         | debt, the result of utilizing that should be more that $1 +
         | interest.
         | 
         | Consumer debt, obviously, almost never follows that logic.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | > It'd have been nice had they taught me this in school.
         | 
         | Yeah, even at a basic level, it should be made clear that cars
         | depreciate and real estate, by and large, appreciates in value.
         | 
         | One of those is "good money" and the other is "bad money". Kids
         | should learn coming out of school to be able to distinguish
         | which of the two they are throwing "good money" at.
        
           | barchar wrote:
           | Eagh, real estate depreciates too, just more slowly. Imo the
           | actual difference is that (many) cars are a very expensive
           | way to meet your transportation needs compared to
           | alternatives.
        
         | throwaway98797 wrote:
         | sometimes you make money in lumps
         | 
         | debt allows people smooth that out and lending companies take a
         | fee for that service
         | 
         | nothing evil or wrong about it
        
           | BJones12 wrote:
           | Yes. Or to rephrase, debt/interest is a way of moving money
           | through time.
        
         | DiscourseFan wrote:
         | You forget that you don't pay taxes on debt.
        
         | psunavy03 wrote:
         | OK, we'll tell the average worker who can't afford a house or a
         | car by paying cash not to responsibly use a mortgage or a car
         | loan, because some person on the internet said so.
         | 
         | And yes, I'm aware cars are depreciating assets, so spare me
         | the lecture on financing one. I don't currently have a car
         | loan.
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | Credit _cards_ however, can be used to get free stuff from
         | rewards.
         | 
         | Credit _loans_ or _payment plans_ can also be used to get a
         | higher credit score, making the first item easier.
         | 
         | Conversely to your example of credit making cash, Cash can make
         | you money through investing, so Credit can also be used to keep
         | higher amounts of cash on hand when purchases are made. , e.g.,
         | buying a car on credit and using the car money to invest. But
         | we're saying the same thing there.
        
           | kiba wrote:
           | Credit card rewards are just discounts, discounts that are
           | charged to the merchant. It's not a free lunch by any means.
        
             | BenjiWiebe wrote:
             | And as a merchant, yes it's annoying, but it's also nice
             | when a customer pays with a credit card, because we
             | actually get paid then.
        
             | jvanderbot wrote:
             | I think that's a technicality. From my perspective 100%
             | discount is called "Free", and I get that a few times a
             | year when flying (tickets, upgrades, etc)
             | 
             | I calculate 100% based on the amount I get from my
             | preferred airline for paying cash for groceries (0) vs the
             | amount I get by using a card they issue (a few imaginary
             | points/$). Then I trade those points for things I couldn't
             | have had by paying cash. As long as I don't pay interest,
             | we're in "Free" territory.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | No, you're still paying for all of that to some extent.
               | Less than people carrying a balance and/or paying with
               | cash or debit cards, sure, but more than zero. (It would
               | be a pure redistribution from cash to card payers only if
               | issuers made no profit or even a loss on never-balance-
               | carrying cardholders, but if they didn't, why would they
               | still have them as customers?)
               | 
               | It's still the rational thing to do from an individual
               | perspective, of course, which is why these rewards are so
               | sticky.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > Theoretically, credit should be used
         | 
         | There are at least as many ways that this can be finished
         | accurately (for some theory) as there are theories of what
         | should guide human behavior, generally. But this one:
         | 
         | > to make more money.
         | 
         | Is really more apt to theories of appropriate behavior for
         | arms-length business organizations whose only shared interest
         | among their owners is profits than the common ones for
         | individual people.
        
         | _ZeD_ wrote:
         | the goal is to die before you run out of hours
        
         | whatshisface wrote:
         | People living paycheck to paycheck need (in your "franchise"
         | language) food and basic clothing as opex for their human
         | capital, and possibly even entertainment, something that is
         | provided to our troops. Trust me the military would not allow
         | for leisure time if they did not think it had a purpose. Eating
         | enough food and wearing a shirt without holes in it _does_ let
         | people make more at work.
        
         | ameliaquining wrote:
         | Since no one has done so yet, I'll link to (without necessarily
         | endorsing) patio11's defense of BNPLs:
         | https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/buy-now-pay-later/
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | >Theoretically, credit should be used for one thing: to make
         | more money. (not less)
         | 
         | This is prima fascia false. Credit, especially artificially low
         | interest rate credit like this, can be used for a ton of
         | reasons, including 'beating inflation.'
         | 
         | I bring this up because _so_ many diligent savers in 2019 /2020
         | got screwed by waiting to buy big tickets items.
        
         | _DeadFred_ wrote:
         | I bought a boat on credit. It was the dumbest financial thing I
         | could ever do. It was the best thing spiritually/emotionally I
         | ever did. All of those weekends/vacations boat camping with my
         | kids when they were young. All those times going out after
         | work. So many experiences I would not have gotten to enjoy if I
         | waited until I was 60 to buy in a smart way.
         | 
         | There is such a thing as opportunity cost. Putting dinner on a
         | credit card is dumb. Putting a dinner on credit that ends up
         | being a first date creating a memory and connection with your
         | future spouse is life making. Or dinner with grandparents and
         | kids that might not be around long.
         | 
         | You have completely ignored opportunity cost in your factoring.
         | And it is probably the most important 'human' factor and is
         | just as tied to your 'time' argument. We have 60 some rotations
         | around a star, and stages in life during that time. That needs
         | to go into your 'optimization' as well.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Theoretically, credit should be used for one thing: to make
         | more money. (not less)_
         | 
         | Credit moves money across time. That's it. (Analogous to paying
         | a shipper to move stuff across space.)
         | 
         | Not all consumptive debt is bad.(And not all consumptive loans
         | are wealth destroying. I opted to borrow when I bought my car
         | because the rate was so much lower than what I figured I could
         | earn with the money.) And not all cash-flow positive wealth is
         | good.
         | 
         | We should be more scrutinising about how debt is used. But
         | especially for folks with volatile incomes, accumulating debt
         | for consumption is fine as long as it doesn't snowball.
        
         | netbioserror wrote:
         | This is what happens when interest rates are artificially
         | suppressed. "Buy-now-pay-later" would not exist if the market
         | were able to properly price the time value of money and wasn't
         | backstopped by the Fed and nil reserve requirements.
        
         | Guvante wrote:
         | Buy now pay later at 0% is what these programs offer which does
         | not align with what you are saying at all.
         | 
         | Used properly these provide liquidity by spacing out payments.
         | 
         | Certainly there are economic concerns about not being able to
         | afford groceries today but liquidity (especially free
         | liquidity) isn't fundamentally worthless.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Used properly, BNPLs are strictly inferior to credit cards.
           | 
           | That said, one of their practical advantages is that they're
           | harder to use improperly than credit cards.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | What is the functional difference between BNPL and credit cards
       | that can explain why it's become popular? A credit card is
       | literally "buy now pay later" so is it just the ease of
       | onboarding?
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | Fixed payment schedule and no interest being charged.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | For most of them, interest accrues from the date of purchased
           | but is not charged if you pay on time. If you don't, you owe
           | all the back interest from day one.
        
             | Tadpole9181 wrote:
             | Ah, that's the scam. Yet another poor tax, then? The rich
             | get interest on money they already spent, the poor get an
             | illusion of safety followed by even more destitution?
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | That's not how BNPL works in its modern form with the
               | third party companies. You pay late fees if you pay late.
               | If you have a 3 month plan, they divide the payment into
               | three equal installments and you pay it off.
               | 
               | The parent poster is confusing BNPL with cobranded cards
               | like Room 2 Go credit cards that have special promotions
               | with "0% for x months". It's a regular credit card where
               | the minimum payment won't guarantee that you pay the
               | original amount off in "x" months, but you only have to
               | pay 2% of the balance. These have always shown up on your
               | credit report.
               | 
               | They are "deferred interest" plans where if you don't pay
               | the balance off in $x months it will charge you back
               | interest.
        
               | drexlspivey wrote:
               | Ah yes, the big scam of offering zero interest unsecured
               | loans to anyone without even running a credit check.
               | These companies are bound to have big losses when things
               | go south because they literally offer you free money.
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | They are already having big losses.
        
               | barchar wrote:
               | Beats the pants off a payday loan.
        
         | Tadpole9181 wrote:
         | BNPL is 0% interest over N months. A credit card is 20% APY
         | over the total balance over minimum payment. And it's offered
         | _by_ my CC providers.
         | 
         | For some larger purchases on a 12 month plan, leaving the money
         | in savings loses me 1.5% cash back but gains me around 3%
         | interest (after accounting for the depleting principle).
         | 
         | It would be stupid not to do it sometimes. I don't really get
         | the financer's benefit. Though maybe it's because I _do_ pay
         | it, and if I didn 't there would be 200% APY or something.
        
           | eptcyka wrote:
           | The seller benefits from the increased demand, the financier
           | sells this as a service to the seller.
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | I bought tons of solar panels with 24 month 0% interest CC
           | for my DIY installation. Kinda makes entire system free. I
           | wish BNPL were offering longer payment periods, few months is
           | not worth the risk at all.
        
             | wildzzz wrote:
             | Subprime borrowers use BNPL a lot and often don't pay it
             | all back. Extending the terms would likely mean Klarna and
             | Affirm will make back less money before the loan defaults.
        
           | crab_galaxy wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm not sure if BNPL loans have changed in the last
           | decade at all but the financiers make money on the people who
           | don't pay the balance by the end of the term. I've financed a
           | couple expensive electronics when it made more sense in my
           | younger days and the terms were such that if you don't pay it
           | off by the end of the term, you owed ~24% of the total bill
           | in interest.
        
           | jabroni_salad wrote:
           | The merchant pays a fee for it, and they do it to get a sale
           | that they otherwise would have missed.
           | 
           | If you decide to save $25/mo for a $100 product, that is 4
           | months for you to change your mind, have an emergency suck up
           | that money, or score a lower price by waiting for a sale. But
           | for some segment of the population, they will close on a pay-
           | in-4 right now instead of waiting, and that is guaranteed
           | money.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | - No application process. You are at a store's checkout page or
         | sales kiosk and can sign up in a couple of clicks.
         | 
         | - No credit checks.
         | 
         | - Longer payment period - usually 2-3 months with no interest.
        
         | 9rx wrote:
         | A credit card is for gaining access to the electronic payment
         | monopoly's network[1]. BNPL is explicitly a loan. Yes, a credit
         | card transaction may effectively turn into BNPL if you fail to
         | complete your end of the transaction in a timely manner, but
         | that is a hindsight outcome, not the reason for choosing the
         | method in the first place.
         | 
         | [1] Nowadays you can often also use the network with other
         | methods, like a debit card, but those alternatives still aren't
         | universally accepted like credit cards are.
        
       | bediger4000 wrote:
       | FICO scores are a joke. They hint at what they use to calculate
       | them, but the algorithms are kept secret. Fair Isaac can't reveal
       | the algorithms, otherwise they'd get gamed. Incentives to keep
       | bad info and wrong info in dossiers are strong, too. If allowed,
       | Fair Isaac would put rumors and other bullshit on n your file,
       | and never take it out.
        
         | mritchie712 wrote:
         | the score is easy to reverse engineer if you have the data and
         | pretty much every big bank has the data.
         | 
         | source: I worked at a big bank and did this, it was easy.
         | 
         | Most of the stuff is obvious and intuitive (don't make late
         | payments). One that's not terribly intuitive is credit line
         | utilization. It has a big impact and most people don't think
         | about it. For example, it's better to have 2k in credit card
         | debt if you have 20k in credit lines vs. 1k in debt on 2k in
         | credit lines.
        
           | astura wrote:
           | >the score is easy to reverse engineer if you have the data
           | 
           | In fact, FICO even provides you with a tool to "reverse
           | engineer" a credit score given the data.
           | 
           | https://www.myfico.com/fico-credit-score-estimator/estimator
        
           | xyst wrote:
           | You forget the scoring is not based on individual performance
           | only. It also includes your performance compared to those in
           | similar groups or buckets.
           | 
           | Ever wonder why your credit score goes down randomly in one
           | month despite nothing changing?
           | 
           | FICO's black box algorithm put you in a newer credit group of
           | higher credit scores. In that group, your profile scored much
           | lower compared to others. Thus you get a 10-20 point
           | deduction.
           | 
           | If you have a long history of good credit it probably doesn't
           | matter. But if you are a young person looking for auto/home
           | mortgages, that 10-20 pt dedication _could_ lead to slightly
           | higher APRs depending on the underwriters own scoring
           | algorithm.
        
         | astura wrote:
         | They don't really "hint at what they use to calculate them" so
         | much as "tell you exactly what is used to calculate them, how
         | it's calculated, and even include an estimation tool so you can
         | calculate your score yourself"
         | 
         | https://www.myfico.com/credit-education/whats-in-your-credit...
         | 
         | >payment history (35%), amounts owed (30%), length of credit
         | history (15%), new credit (10%) and credit mix (10%).
         | 
         | https://www.myfico.com/fico-credit-score-estimator/estimator
         | 
         | For fucks sake, at least keep your conspiracy theories somewhat
         | believable.
         | 
         | Absolutely nobody is worried about "gaming" credit scores
         | because the activities to "game" credit scores are identical to
         | the activities that make you likely to pay off debt in the
         | future and that's what a credit score measures. So it doesn't
         | matter if you pay off your bills to "game" or to be
         | responsible, you're still paying off your bills.
        
         | SirMaster wrote:
         | I don't know that they are really that complicated... I just do
         | the things that they suggest the scores are based on. Pay on
         | time, have more accounts that have been opened longer, have a
         | lower credit utilization, etc and I watch my score go up and
         | up.
         | 
         | My score started at around 670 when I was young and before I
         | had done anything and I did the things and now it's around 820.
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | Why would they put rumors and bullshit in your file? The credit
         | bureaus aren't out to get you. Their goal is to help their
         | clients (lenders and similar) to make money by identifying how
         | risky _their_ clients are. An accurate risk assessment is good
         | for them. If you're a good risk, they want your score to be
         | high. They don't gain anything by putting crap on your file to
         | tank your score.
        
         | fred_is_fred wrote:
         | There are no incentives for Fair Isaac to promote or use "wrong
         | info" because if the score they produce is deemed to be an
         | inaccurate measure of credit risk, it would not be a useful
         | product.
        
       | mihaaly wrote:
       | The security and privacy nighmare that the various credit score
       | systems bring on by collecting and storing sensitive data on
       | individuals some way somewhere with some sort of access for
       | someones for something (a very real big brother in esence on
       | essentials matters), is a good incentive keeping people away from
       | loans. The less is more in this case. Avoiding avoidables.
       | 
       | The crime is that in the very essential case of abode it is
       | impossible to avoid for the generic population. Both renting and
       | mortgages require you do disclose your life for organizations and
       | sometimes individuals having financial incentives with you.
       | Making you exposed and voulnarable, no choice is given. It is a
       | must (you and your dependants cannot choose not to live
       | somewhere).
       | 
       | So they do not have to risk their capital gain, allowed to risk
       | your most sensitive personal data.
        
       | focusgroup0 wrote:
       | Why do some ancient traditions ban usury?
        
         | mcherm wrote:
         | I suspect actually MOST ancient traditions ban usury (or ban
         | lending altogether). Christianity banned usury, Islam banned
         | essentially all lending, Hinduism banned some casts from
         | lending and regulated the lending of others[1].
         | 
         | I think the practice was found to be corrosive to societies and
         | thus at one point or another many of them tried to ban it.
         | (Lending is also very helpful for commerce, so most societies
         | also reintroduced it. Actual practice varied at different
         | points in history.)
         | 
         | 1. https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/sbe14/sbe1405.htm
        
           | scarface_74 wrote:
           | If you look up the various means of buying home without
           | having all of the money up front that are compliant, it's
           | just a mortgage by different name.
           | 
           | https://www.guidanceresidential.com/resources/faith-based-
           | fi...
        
           | groos wrote:
           | All Abrahamic faiths ban lending where the returned amount is
           | greater than that borrowed, i.e. charging interest. Judaism
           | "worked around" it by banning it amongs Jews but allowed
           | lending on interest to non-Jews. Christianity originally
           | followed Jewish law in this regard but abandoned it later on.
           | Islam, adheres to banning interest strictly, but this is
           | subject to different interpretations. E.g., buying an item at
           | a higher price but paying in installments is allowed by some
           | schools of jurisprudence, while others disallow it, while
           | there is unanimous condemnation of a loan whose interest
           | "doubles and redoubles" [explicit in the Quran], which is the
           | typical credit card or mortgage. The main difference in
           | buying at a higher price + installments from a conventional
           | interest based lone is that the profit gets agreed to at
           | sale, and it holds regardless of whether the full payment is
           | made early or not.
           | 
           | Muslims have got around the problem of not being able to pay
           | for houses in cash by constructing a joint ownership scheme,
           | where the lender and buyer enter into a joint ownership of
           | the house; the buyer pays rent and adds extra to buy more
           | equity, and the rent goes to both the buyer and lender in
           | proportion to their equity as a business partnership. Over
           | time, the rent part decreases and the equity buying
           | accelerates. There are other models, but this is the most
           | popular one. Due to Federal and state laws, such mortgages
           | are often reported with interest rates even though,
           | technically, interest is not being charged.
        
         | bonoboTP wrote:
         | There are regulations around it even today. It's not a complete
         | free-for-all. https://www.paidnice.com/usury-laws-by-state
         | 
         | But to answer the question, there's quite an instinctual
         | aversion to earning money through apparent idleness. Same
         | reason that people hate landlords who just get "passive income"
         | simply for owning. (Of course the owner had to buy it in the
         | first place, or had to inherit it - and indeed inheriting too
         | much stuff also rubs people the wrong way - except if they
         | themselves are blocked from passing on their things to their
         | kids).
         | 
         | Same reason that merchants were distrusted, since there was no
         | concept of economics that would allow them to understand that
         | in fact trading and arbitrage is actually valuable contribution
         | for the market to properly price goods, and is a much better
         | way to price things than gut feelings about "sentimental value"
         | or the labor theory. But this was not well understood so making
         | money through trade was seen as witchcraft. How come he can
         | come to the village and buy our pig for X and then go sell it
         | for X+Y in the city? I mean that's somewhat understandable, the
         | transport etc. Income through interest doesn't even have that.
         | Of course the real value proposition is again a kind of
         | resource allocation cognitive processing. The lender's
         | contribution is in the assessment of prospects of the
         | profitability of a venture. That apparently this is not the
         | case in many consumption credits is indeed some kind of system
         | failure, and some perverse incentives set up by regulations,
         | where somehow the financial companies are not punished by
         | reality for misallocating. See 2008 etc.
        
       | Yizahi wrote:
       | They didn't before? It's a credit like any other type, increasing
       | debt burden like any credit. Seems like corru... ahem, lobbying
       | of course. :)
        
         | Hamuko wrote:
         | They can't keep up with techbros coming up with new names for
         | debt.
        
         | hobs wrote:
         | Read the article and approach, the BNPL is going to be in
         | effect like one credit card opened per transaction.
        
         | fHr wrote:
         | Yep you're onto something here but surely they operate within
         | legal reasonable frameworks of the government surely.
        
           | byteknight wrote:
           | Regardless no one can make you buy anything
        
         | therealpygon wrote:
         | They also didn't destroy people's credit when they got upside
         | down and had to return the $5k couch or $15k car they were
         | talked into buying on their fixed income, but that's usually
         | "other people" problems.
        
           | ricardbejarano wrote:
           | Being "talked into" is one hell of an excuse not to take
           | accountability for your own purchases.
        
             | cyanydeez wrote:
             | If the DOD can't do it, why should poor people?
             | https://americanmilitarynews.com/2024/11/pentagon-
             | fails-7th-...
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | I doubt most people would pass a financial audit, unless
               | they had built their life around "proper accounting
               | controls". Of course, if they had an incentive to do so,
               | it probably would only take two or three years to get
               | things in place and consistent. But then, most people
               | don't have 1.3 Million active employees [1], who knows
               | how many contractors and retirees. The DoD's finances
               | were not designed around audit requirements and it takes
               | time and consistent attention to retrofit accounting
               | controls into a very large organization.
               | 
               | [1] https://dwp.dmdc.osd.mil/dwp/api/downloadZ?fileId=136
               | 507&gro...
        
         | Hilift wrote:
         | Your credit score can decrease if you pay off your credit card
         | balance or pay it down too quickly. For example, paying off the
         | last $10k on a home loan. The score is also a reflection of
         | your value to them as a paying customer. How much money you can
         | make them, and how reliable you are with regular payments based
         | on past data. These types of businesses may seem off, but if
         | the customer is reliable and makes you money, assigning a low
         | score based simply on the business type is a recipe for
         | litigation.
        
           | jaxn wrote:
           | That is true when you close an account (like paying off the
           | last $10k on a home loan), but I don't think that is correct
           | when paying a credit card down to a $0 balance and leaving it
           | open.
           | 
           | The reason is that your credit score is impacted by both your
           | available credit (higher is better) and credit utilization
           | (lower is better). When you pay of the last of a home loan
           | and close that account, your available credit goes down and
           | your credit utilization goes up (assuming you had any other
           | debt). Both of those hurt you. When you pay the credit card
           | down to $0 and leave it open, your available crediot stays
           | the same and your utilization goes down.
        
             | mattmaroon wrote:
             | Yeah, paying $10k off your home loan makes your credit
             | score go up if it isn't closing the loan.
        
           | jjice wrote:
           | > Your credit score can decrease if you pay off your credit
           | card balance or pay it down too quickly
           | 
           | It can have a short term impact, sure, but long term (a few
           | years), your score will be fine. I paid my last student loans
           | years ago and I did see a sudden score drop and not I'm
           | sitting right below 800 with no debt.
        
         | Quinner wrote:
         | There's no lobbying necessary, because FICO isn't a government
         | agency, its a private company. Why we have a private company
         | determining such an important thing with minimal government
         | oversight is certainly a question we could be asking.
         | 
         | That being said, there's an innocent explanation for this
         | specifically. BYPL is pretty new as a common type of debt
         | (became popular in the last five years). They're putting it
         | into FICO 10. The last time they updated FICO was FICO 9 which
         | was released in 2014, before that there was FICO 8 in 2008... a
         | lot of banks are still using FICO 8 or even earlier models.
         | Banks are slow to change, and FICO moves slowly because banks
         | don't want their models upended every year. Fwiw if the
         | government was more involved in this I doubt it would be taken
         | into account any faster.
        
         | jajuuka wrote:
         | It's crazy how many things that require credit are on a self
         | report basis. And the only time they actually report is for a
         | past due debt and not successful payments.
        
       | eagerpace wrote:
       | How long until my score goes down because I don't use these?!??
        
         | ProllyInfamous wrote:
         | Background: During the riskiest span of my life, financially, I
         | used to have a 780+ score and an AMEX Gold (for about a decade,
         | early 2000s); now I don't have any credit cards, my vehicles
         | are entirely paid.
         | 
         | My Conclusion: Credit scores demonstrate ability to re-pay
         | interest (i.e. lender profits); it is a score that demonstrates
         | how profitable you might-could-be, not necessarily
         | representative of fiscal wisdom.
         | 
         | Meditation: not caring about your credit worthiness is a
         | fantastic approach to life, as long as you've already bought
         | your house (or have alternate plans, not involving a mortgage).
        
       | hk1337 wrote:
       | This seems like it's going to harm more people than help.
       | Encouraging fiscal irresponsibility under the guise of improving
       | your credit score. All it's really going to do is give lenders
       | another metric to deny you a loan, either because of delinquent
       | accounts or too many accounts opened and closed.
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | Maybe not deny in case of too many accounts opened or closed
         | but risk profile can change. So think higher APRs compared to
         | people without bnpl.
        
       | __mharrison__ wrote:
       | Circular much?
        
         | __mharrison__ wrote:
         | For the downvoters... having worked in this industry, these
         | loans are already heavily modeled with FICO scores. Who is
         | wagging which tail?
        
       | 9cb14c1ec0 wrote:
       | Good, it will bring the stupid BNPL ecosystem back to earth, when
       | people stop using it as free money.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | yet another vague data point mortgage underwriters can use to
       | deny your loan
       | 
       | In corporate back room, "persons score is high enough to qualify
       | and income is good enough but there's a strong history of bnpl
       | usage. Over 200 accounts ranging from food to groceries and
       | luxury items. Risk to default has increased, thus approval for
       | slightly higher APR compared to peers with none to lower BNPL
       | usage."
       | 
       | Rinse and repeat this for hundreds of thousands of loans and now
       | bank is raking in (more) profits
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | How do banks make more profit by issuing fewer mortgages?
        
       | segmondy wrote:
       | So are some of us going to get penalized for not having a buy-
       | now-pay-later history?
        
         | asdfasvea wrote:
         | Depends on your definition of 'penalized'. FICO is all about
         | identifying good ROI candidates.
         | 
         | Say you are a lender, you want someone who constantly uses
         | credit, always pays their bills and has the capacity take on
         | new debt. That's what FICO is for.
         | 
         | It's not some consumer reward system. It's not your score to
         | game, it's a score on you for companies to game. Quit playing
         | the game.
         | 
         | Credit score NULL.
        
           | benmanns wrote:
           | IMO the game is to get the highest credit score while
           | spending the least on credit. That way if you e.g. need to
           | acquire housing, a reliable vehicle, business loans, even
           | employment or insurance, you will be able to and can get a
           | good deal. Sure, paying nothing saves you money, but it also
           | costs you the opportunity cost between what you could
           | earn/save by utilizing credit vs waiting months to years to
           | save up and pay cash.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | The easiest approach is to get high point credit cards and
             | pay them off each month.
             | 
             | That way, you don't pay anything (and are subsidized).
             | 
             | Of course the money comes from people that don't do this,
             | and vendors' margins.
             | 
             | So, it's "Participate in the credit card racket or no house
             | for you" on one side and "That's a nice shop you have
             | there. It'd be a shame if something happened to it." on the
             | other.
             | 
             | The US really should abolish the credit rating industry.
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | Does anyone else live in a place where there isn't a visible
       | "score" for how valuable you are, but rather only a "credit
       | check" for how risky you are, which is performed if you apply for
       | new credit (buying anything with an invoice, getting a credit
       | card, or taking any other kind of loan)? Meaning that if you have
       | a good income and no history of failing payments, you are
       | basically passing the check with flying colors, and will have the
       | same "score" as someone who has had tons of well-served credit
       | before?
       | 
       | This thing where the score as in "risk" and score as in "business
       | opportunity for lenders" is intertwined, and creates weird
       | incentives for consumers, is that only a US thing or do any other
       | countries have something similar?
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | Credit scores aren't a score of how valuable you are, they're a
         | score of creditworthiness or how unlikely you are to default on
         | a loan. The largest factors are age of credit and payment
         | history. Utilization is also a factor. Someone who occasionally
         | misses payments and has high utilization is going to be more
         | profitable but higher risk to lend to.
        
           | parpfish wrote:
           | Just because that's what a scores is designed to do it
           | doesn't mean that's what businesses use it for downstream.
           | 
           | The fact people always debate what a credit score _really_
           | means suggests that there are too many factors rolled up into
           | a single number when we should really have a few distinct
           | sub-scales. Anybody that has made a dashboard for a ceo with
           | a short attention span that refuses to deal with nuance and
           | just wants to see "a number" knows this problem all too well
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | I agree in general, but a credit score absolutely DOES NOT
             | tell you how profitable someone is to lend to, and in
             | general someone with a very high credit score is a very low
             | margin customer.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | And that's where interest rates come in. Lenders will
               | typically make similar profit margins on all types of
               | customers regardless of credit score. They charge lower
               | interest rates to borrowers with high credit scores so it
               | all evens out when averaged over a large customer base.
               | Most lending markets are highly competitive so any major
               | differences quickly get arbitraged away.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | A score alone does not directly do so. But there is a
               | report attached that will track balances and such. While
               | balance tracking has no "history" in a credit report,
               | lenders can make actuarial guesses based on DTI and other
               | markers which are absolutely included. Which is why, when
               | denied, you don't just get told "Your score is too low"
               | but things like "existing balances are too high", "age of
               | existing accounts is too new", etc.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | Yes, which is exactly why Fair Isaac Corp. sells multiple
             | different scoring models customized for different use
             | cases. It's not just one FICO score. For example, auto
             | lenders usually stratify borrowers in a different way from
             | home mortgage lenders. Contrary to the naive hot takes on
             | HN, lender CEOs are well aware of these nuances.
        
         | bananalychee wrote:
         | Credit scores in the US function similarly to this risk
         | assessment you describe, with the caveat that there is no
         | standard way to measure risk without a credit history. In my
         | experience, it does not take very long to establish that
         | baseline, and there are inexpensive vehicles to do so, such as
         | secured credit cards. Small-scale lenders are likely to accept
         | alternative documents like income statements or proof of
         | payment history to qualify. FICO scores, as imperfect as they
         | are, merely simplify the risk assessment process.
        
           | alkonaut wrote:
           | I suppose it may be related to the overall "looser" grip on
           | who exists, and what counts as collateral. If I "default" on
           | a loan, the lender is still pretty safe to get back most or
           | all of it, since any loan is secured by my future income. So
           | there's not as much need to prove my credit history - my
           | income is public and always was, and my future income is
           | collateral for any loan, including mortgages if my house is
           | suddenly under water in a recession.
           | 
           | That means that barring any failures to service credit in the
           | past, I don't need a history of successfully servicing credit
           | in order to get credit.
        
       | charles_f wrote:
       | For the line to go up you need people to keep buying more, and
       | reducing costs. But when these costs are people's salary, you end
       | up paying them less, so they can't buy more, thus credit.
       | 
       | The overreliance on credit as a new step in the consumption cycle
       | is an indicator that the whole system is collapsing, but somehow
       | it's supposed to be good news that buying a burrito might be used
       | against you to further drawn you down.
       | 
       | The town is on fire but good news, your house being burned down
       | will get you air-miles.
        
       | thomascountz wrote:
       | I left the U.S. several years ago and have completely forgotten
       | about "credit scores" in this sense. I get reminded every once-
       | in-a-while how things that used to feel so obvious and inevitable
       | and necessary for society to function are completely artificial.
        
         | lisper wrote:
         | Society itself is completely artificial. Money, property
         | rights, laws, taxes, even the words I'm using to write this
         | very comment... all of these are just human inventions, reified
         | mythology.
        
           | thomascountz wrote:
           | What struck me about credit scores is that, from the outside,
           | it seems so obviously ripe for corruption and predation. But
           | growing up, it just felt that it was the way things had to
           | be; how could it possibly be different?
        
           | jmcqk6 wrote:
           | It's useful to remember this when tempted to make arguments
           | that assume there is a Right Way to do things. We are
           | exploring a massive possibility space where components
           | interact in non-linear ways. There isn't a right way, there
           | is no golden path. The reality of our society is an
           | integration of each individual experience. We build theories
           | as abstractions of that integration in order to manage and
           | engage with that massive complexity. It can be useful, as
           | long as we remember that they are abstractions. When we
           | forget that our abstractions are only abstractions, we tend
           | to cause additional problems on top of that which we were
           | already trying to engage.
        
         | tqi wrote:
         | What's the process of vetting people for loans in your current
         | country?
        
           | thomascountz wrote:
           | You can have debts totally only up to a certain percentage of
           | your income. Banks require that you produce a monthly budget
           | demonstrating that you have a certain amount left per month
           | after all expenses and debts are paid. You have to be able to
           | prove this by giving them access to your tax and financial
           | records. Most rates for things like homes and cars are
           | consistent from bank to bank across the country.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | And how do lenders assess previous defaults when
             | underwriting new loans?
             | 
             | From what I've seen, most developed countries actually do
             | have the equivalent of the US credit reporting agencies.
             | It's just that the functionality goes by different names
             | and is distributed across several different types of
             | entities rather than being centralized in three credit
             | reporting agencies (plus Fair Isaac Corporation / FICO
             | which is a vendor to all of them).
             | 
             | For better or worse, it's not really possible to have a
             | modern economy with high growth rates unless lenders have a
             | reasonably reliable way of quantifying borrower propensity
             | to pay. Debt to income ratio is a piece of that, but some
             | people are just deadbeats.
        
               | thomascountz wrote:
               | To be clear, credit reporting and tracking is not the
               | only function of credit scores in the U.S. These
               | functions do exist elsewhere and are often called
               | "registries." They are not private companies, but instead
               | public centralized institutions. Likewise, it is not
               | possible for private companies to loan debt to citizens,
               | even by proxy.
               | 
               | For bankruptcies and defaults, there are similarly court
               | records from public institutions, which you give a bank
               | access to. They cannot search these sources without your
               | consent, though of course they will then not loan to you.
        
         | LeafItAlone wrote:
         | Where are you now? And what is the system like there?
         | 
         | From my extremely naive understanding, obtaining credit and low
         | rates is, in general, much easier in the US than other places.
         | So it makes sense to me that it has "artificial" tools to help
         | determine risk. How do other countries handle this and provide
         | the availability that can be found in the US?
        
           | dsign wrote:
           | Can't speak for every country, but in Sweden for example tax
           | data to a certain level of detail (income by labor, income by
           | capital) is publicly available for each citizen. Same for
           | debts. And debts that go to the collection authority, which
           | has a very dark name (kronofogden), are very public and
           | somewhat worse than having to wear a scarlet letter. So
           | credit institutes have enough of an idea of your finances to
           | decide your rate.
        
           | thomascountz wrote:
           | Banks are required to prove their loans are affordable. They
           | can only lend someone an amount that they can prove the
           | borrower can afford.
           | 
           | In my experience, rates are not low in the U.S. They are high
           | because high risk loans are able to be granted.
           | 
           | The availability of debt for things like housing and cars is
           | very complicated, but high taxes, a high degree of education,
           | livable minimum wages, and realistic employee rights helps
           | increase stability and decrease risk. I don't say it to be
           | flippant. It is more complex than even I understand. It's
           | only to say that, given that these systems are designed
           | artificial systems, there are multiple implementations that
           | work under various constraints and incentives.
        
             | bhelkey wrote:
             | What country is this?
        
       | highwayman47 wrote:
       | The only appeal of these loans is that they weren't incorporated
       | into FICO score. These companies will all fail once people start
       | noticing their scores drop.
        
       | Glyptodon wrote:
       | That seems like it makes sense whatever one think of credit
       | scores, it's actually surprising to me that a form of credit
       | didn't show previously.
        
       | veggieroll wrote:
       | Ok, do rent next.
       | 
       | Paying rent doesn't count towards your credit score (at least it
       | didn't a decade ago when I was getting my mortgage). And it's a
       | glaring signal of how the system isn't built for what it claims:
       | evaluating your ability to pay obligations on time. No, the
       | system is built to trap people in poverty and enrich the rentier
       | class.
        
         | nwah1 wrote:
         | Landlords like the idea of incorporating rent payments into
         | credit scores, since it adds extra incentive to pay on time.
         | Or, phrased differently, extra punishment for failing to pay on
         | time.
         | 
         | Framing the current default as a help to the rentier class is
         | just silly.
         | 
         | The rentier class are indeed a major cause of stagnation and
         | inequality in our economy, but they are innocent of this one.
        
           | gamerdonkey wrote:
           | The current default is that missing a rent payment can harm
           | your credit score, but paying on time will never improve it.
           | 
           | https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/can-late-rent-
           | pa...
           | 
           | This benefits the landlords for the reasons you outlined, and
           | tenants must interact with the credit industry through
           | additional (often predatory) means in order to build a credit
           | history that may allow them to buy their own home. Further,
           | landlords have an incentive against providing this positive
           | feedback, as doing so makes it more likely that tenants would
           | exit a relationship that is profitable to the landlord.
        
         | daft_pink wrote:
         | Is having your payments reported to a credit bureau really a
         | benefit to you to allow you to have a better credit or is it a
         | collection activity intended to help the creditor collect?
         | 
         | The reason buy now pay it later is being added, is because
         | those lenders are having trouble collecting, so they want to
         | add it to the credit score so there is an additional
         | consequence if they don't get paid. It's a collection activity,
         | not something that's designed to help the payor.
         | 
         | Adding rent is mostly a benefit to the landlord not to the poor
         | people.
        
         | x0x0 wrote:
         | The shitty software my landlord used to use -- the Buildium /
         | Realpage scum -- decided to put a popup on every rent payment
         | trying to get _me_ to pay the Realpage scum $5 to $10 to report
         | the rent payment to the credit bureaus.
        
           | Y_Y wrote:
           | A popup? How? If you can't pay by cash or bank transfer then
           | wtf are they doing?
        
             | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
             | Realpage offers payments on their website and landlords
             | typically pass on the service costs to their tenants in the
             | form of a $5 "service fee" as itemized by Realpage.
             | Compared to a $10 fee to get a cashier's check to pay in
             | person (because ACH is done by Realpage), you're saving
             | $5/mo. (Cash is generally not accepted because they don't
             | want to be storing cash on location.)
        
         | ramoz wrote:
         | Have seen this first hand. E.g. tenants with a terrible credit
         | score, but 36mo of proof on-time rent payments. They've always
         | made their future payments (in my experience).
        
         | sathackr wrote:
         | Just what we need, every sleazebag landlord who owns 3
         | apartments and thinks he's hot shit holding his ability to fuck
         | your credit up over your head.
        
       | kylehotchkiss wrote:
       | Aww so I can't use BNPL for my $10 California burrito anymore?
       | 
       | I was looking forward to 4 $2.50 weekly payments!
        
         | thebeardisred wrote:
         | Man, I wish for a $10 California burrito. In Los Angeles I'm
         | often looking at $5+ tacos.
        
       | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
       | I always take on debt if it's an option at 0%. Or sometimes even
       | if it's a low promo thing, like 3%.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | I do that too, I actually get a kick out ripping off those
         | predatory 0% interest traps. I had no idea the BNPL things
         | didn't impact credit scores. If they're unsecured with no
         | credit worthiness impact then why even pay them back?
        
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       (page generated 2025-06-24 23:01 UTC)