[HN Gopher] Darklang Goes Open Source
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       Darklang Goes Open Source
        
       Author : stachudotnet
       Score  : 134 points
       Date   : 2025-06-16 15:41 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.darklang.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.darklang.com)
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | Was previously "source available" but is now Apache 2. Good
       | choice IMHO!
       | 
       | Also looks like it required their cloud setup to run, you
       | previously couldn't run it locally. Now you can, so I think it's
       | moving in the right direction!
        
       | cmontella wrote:
       | Congrats on Dark for making it this far!
       | 
       | Relevent timeline:
       | 
       | https://blog.darklang.com/dark-announces-3-5m-in-seed-financ...
       | (2019)
       | 
       | https://blog.darklang.com/dark-and-the-long-term/ (2020 - in
       | which the team is fired to extend runway I guess to today)
       | TL;DR: We're taking a longer term approach to building Dark. As
       | part of this, we've made the difficult decision to shrink Dark's
       | team, and to change how we build both the product and the
       | company."            So where do we go from here? Right now, the
       | team is just me. I am committed to realizing the full vision of
       | what Dark should be. Dark is financially healthy for many years,
       | and there is time to think and to plan. I plan to involve the
       | community much more in Dark's growth, and slowly rebuild the team
       | at a pace appropriate to the product's maturity, focusing on a
       | small, tight team that can wear many hats.
       | 
       | Then there was a pivot to a rewrite of the whole thing, which I
       | think was just Paul at the time:
       | 
       | Start of a new rewrite:
       | https://blog.darklang.com/dark-v2-roadmap/ (2020)
       | 
       | Two years later: https://blog.darklang.com/backend-rewrite-
       | complete/ (2022)
       | 
       | seemingly a new pivot to "all in" on AI?:
       | https://blog.darklang.com/gpt/ (2023)
       | 
       | No news, one year later https://blog.darklang.com/an-overdue-
       | status-update/ (2024)
       | 
       | Would be interesting to the Dark team to revisit this post, which
       | is a look at PL funding models:
       | 
       | https://blog.darklang.com/how-to-fund-caramel/
       | 
       | Building programming languages is hard especially when you're not
       | backed by a company. I think Eve (I worked on that one) and Dark
       | were the two major VC funded languages, and at this point I don't
       | think that's a good model for funding this kind of thing. You
       | need waaaaay more that 2-3 million; most of that is funneled
       | directly in to SF landords pockets. Something more like the Mojo
       | people have gotten is what it takes (they've raised upwards of
       | 100 million).
       | 
       | Anyway I can't wait to see where Dark goes in the future, and
       | what their funding model will be going forward.
        
         | greener_grass wrote:
         | Mojo's promise is the same code, but faster.
         | 
         | They were planning some language extensions but it's more like
         | a compiler project than a programming language project.
         | 
         | The truth is, most developers don't want to learn a new
         | language.
         | 
         | They will jump through extra hoops just to use their favorite
         | one (e.g. Airflow).
         | 
         | Successful languages appear when there is an extreme market
         | demand (C++ providing OOP over C) or, more commonly, a hot new
         | platform that people want to get in on (JavaScript, Swift,
         | Kotlin, C#, ...)
         | 
         | For most people, new syntax / semantics is considered a
         | negative and there needs to be some massive upside to overcome
         | that.
        
         | VirusNewbie wrote:
         | Mojo was _also_ less ambitious in a lot of ways. It blows my
         | mind the Eve and Darklang guys raised so much money without a
         | lot of momentum. I 'd think you'd go the other way, start an
         | Open Source project, spend 10+ years gaining a community and
         | refining it, _then_ raise money.
         | 
         | In both of the above cases, the founders just got bored of
         | their project before they found PMF.
        
           | cmontella wrote:
           | You just have to look at the landscape at the time. There was
           | a lot of money to be had if you promised the sun and moon,
           | because $2 million wasn't a lot compared to the potential
           | upside. The problem was, and this is what Paul found out too,
           | they wanted to see typical startup metrics before they'd put
           | more money in, and it was always going to take more than $2-3
           | mil. You just can't demonstrate those with a concept of a
           | language.
        
             | greener_grass wrote:
             | Do you think Unison will suffer the same fate?
        
               | cmontella wrote:
               | No, I mean these low bus factor languages don't really
               | die as long as the BDFL keeps working on it. Biggar keeps
               | Dark going through thick and thin. Chiusano likewise with
               | Unison. Even if their Unison public benefit corp runs out
               | of money, Chiusano could probably do what Dark did and
               | buy the IP. With my programming language I'm making sure
               | that there is no IP and therefore nothing to own. It
               | would probably be easy for Biggar to just wash his hand
               | of Dark as well but it takes guts to keep going in a
               | direction you know it right, and so I'm happy to see the
               | project continue.
        
               | ChadNauseam wrote:
               | I'm glad to hear it as I'm very interested in Unison.
               | (I've been watching them from the sidelines for ages.)
               | For those not in the loop, it's a language where your
               | code is stored on disk in AST form, not textually. The
               | AST representation is smart in many ways - for example,
               | renaming a function is an O(1) operation, regardless of
               | how often the function is used. They also have a way to
               | serialize Unison functions and send them over the wire to
               | other Unison programs, which is pretty sick. Their site
               | is here: https://www.unison-lang.org/
               | 
               | (I'm mostly interested in it because I think it would be
               | an ideal language for videogame scripting & modding)
        
               | stachudotnet wrote:
               | FWIW we also store ASTs, not text. We offer many of the
               | same benefits. Some day (soon?) I'll write up a full
               | comparison between the two, because it seems a common
               | ask.
        
               | rienbdj wrote:
               | I can't see teams adopting Unison (or similar languages)
               | without a way to store code in Git.
               | 
               | Maybe the editor can load text and do structured editing.
               | Maybe the runtime can send functions across the network.
               | Great. But not using Git for storage and review is just
               | too alien for most teams to even consider.
        
           | krainboltgreene wrote:
           | Paul had created Circle CI, so I can see how investors would
           | at least be trusting. Rightly so, I think, as he's not just
           | talented but he knows talent.
        
         | khuey wrote:
         | > You need waaaaay more that 2-3 million
         | 
         | Mozilla alone invested an eight digit amount in Rust.
        
           | krainboltgreene wrote:
           | Meanwhile Elixir had no such backer.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | I don't think open sourcing is going to fix their adoption
         | issue. Like the other comments mention, you need to be worth
         | the time investment to gain traction. If Dark was truly as
         | revolutionary as it was marketed as, it wouldn't have had
         | problems staying source available, IMO. Folks will pay or put
         | up with whatever it takes to be in the ecosystem (such as
         | CUDA).
        
           | pbiggar wrote:
           | I agree it won't fit it, but IMO it will remove one of the
           | barriers to adoption. The problem with doing something
           | revolutionary, is that it's only going to be revolutionary in
           | some ways, and it has to compete with things that are mature
           | in ways you are not. And the original version (now called
           | Darklang-Classic) was quite immature in an awful lot of ways
           | that made it difficult to build on.
           | 
           | That's being addressed with the new version of course!
        
         | duped wrote:
         | > You need waaaaay more that 2-3 million; most of that is
         | funneled directly in to SF landords pockets
         | 
         | Which is why you should build your team in Denver, Minneapolis,
         | Chicago, Detroit, etc. There's a competitive advantage to
         | hiring outside the SF tech bubble today. Over the last 5 years
         | the network effects in SF have begun to evaporate.
        
           | cmontella wrote:
           | Agreed in hindsight, but at the same time there was no place
           | else where a couple of 20-somethings could grab a cup of
           | coffee with a VC and walk away with a handshake deal for $2
           | million dollars. That just didn't happen in Denver et al in
           | 2014.
        
             | zdragnar wrote:
             | Does that still happen today? Anecdotally there has
             | appeared to have been a massive funding crunch for pretty
             | much anything that isn't virtual healthcare or AI since
             | COVID passed, though I'll be the first to admit I'm not in
             | the know on a lot of these things.
        
               | ChadNauseam wrote:
               | My anecdata is the opposite. I know people getting
               | funding for non-AI projects. The most "nontraditional"
               | one I can think of is Nautilus [0].
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.nautilus.quest/
        
           | stachudotnet wrote:
           | We (darklang) are fully remote! One person in Vermont, one in
           | Algeria. :)
        
             | nand_gate wrote:
             | Must be nice making SF rates out in Algeria!
        
           | VirusNewbie wrote:
           | This is a pretty weird take. Talent in Denver, Minneapolis,
           | Chicago etc. is not a whole lot cheaper than in the Bay Area.
           | Employees are getting a large (majority) of their comp as
           | options or RSUs, so that makes the delta even smaller, you're
           | just talking base salary.
           | 
           | If that's "make or break" for you, then something is wrong.
           | There are plenty of reasons to want to have a distributed
           | workforce (larger talent pool in general, passionate
           | employees) but saving money is the least important one here.
        
         | gkapur wrote:
         | There was also Wing cloud (fka Monada) and there's Mojo by
         | Modular (https://www.modular.com/mojo.)
         | 
         | Feels like two types of companies raised money: - Companies
         | trying to couple the cloud with a programming language. - More
         | recently, companies trying to couple GPUs with a programming
         | language/alternative to CUDA.
         | 
         | Will be curious how this generation goes.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Goodbye Dark, Inc. - Welcome Darklang, Inc_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44290357
        
       | thesurlydev wrote:
       | I've been following Dark since its inception and found the idea
       | inspiring. I'm happy about today's announcements and look forward
       | to seeing what comes next.
       | 
       | On a personal note, I'm curious around the move to F# as the
       | implementing language and wonder if there will be ports to other
       | languages now that it's open source.
        
         | unstruktured wrote:
         | To F# from what previously?
        
           | levlaz wrote:
           | Ocaml
        
           | spooneybarger wrote:
           | OCaml
        
           | ameliaquining wrote:
           | OCaml. https://blog.darklang.com/leaving-ocaml/
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | https://blog.darklang.com/goodbye-dark-inc-welcome-darklang-...
       | includes this, which is a really interesting pattern that I don't
       | remember hearing about before for this kind of company:
       | 
       | > In conversation with our investors and the board, we believed
       | that the best way forward was to shut down the company, as it was
       | clear that an 8 year old product with no traction was not going
       | to attract new investment. In our discussions, we agreed that
       | continuity of the product was in the best interest of the users
       | and the community (and of both founders and investors, who do not
       | enjoy being blamed for shutting down tools they can no longer
       | afford to run), and we agreed that this could best be achieved by
       | selling it to the employees.
       | 
       | Any other examples of that? I'm particularly interested in that
       | for this kind of software product.
        
         | asim wrote:
         | Corrected by @justincormack. Post was about Docker Inc.
        
           | justincormack wrote:
           | Thats not what happened. There was no new company, the
           | company continues to be the same. They didnt sell off the
           | business for money raised.
        
             | asim wrote:
             | Really? So it was just a recap?
        
               | pbiggar wrote:
               | Who are we talking about here? Looks like a comment was
               | edited but now it seems like you're talking about
               | Darklang?
        
               | stachudotnet wrote:
               | They were referring to Docker, after some claims
               | regarding some corporate activity (forget details)
        
               | asim wrote:
               | I mentioned docker was recapped but also wrongly assumed
               | the existing entity was sold off and they formed a new
               | entity in that process. Justin kindly corrected me.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | That seems like an exemplary way to handle a failed rocketship
         | that nevertheless produced something useful to certain
         | customers. Big thumbs up to those who made it happen.
        
         | pan69 wrote:
         | > an 8 year old product with no traction ... and we agreed that
         | this could best be achieved by selling it to the employees.
         | 
         | Can someone with more business sense than me explain this? Why
         | would employees want to buy an 8 year old product with no
         | traction? At face value this sounds like a "holding the bag"
         | scenario, not?
        
           | MichaelGlass wrote:
           | Have you ever been to a great restaurant that happened to be
           | on the wrong corner? Or been at a company where one change in
           | execution made or broke the company? My guess: the founder
           | lost interest but the employees still believed in the
           | [impressive] tech. Because of the lack of traction: the cost
           | of the tech wasn't prohibitive for the employees?
        
           | eddythompson80 wrote:
           | > "holding the bag" scenario, not?
           | 
           | Only if they are buying it for what the investors had already
           | put into it, which is not likely. They most likely discussed
           | how much the investors values physical assets and trademarks
           | the company holds (like how much they are likely to get back
           | in a bankruptcy) plus whatever makes a deal fair and maintain
           | a happy cordial relationship with said investors for future
           | endeavors.
        
           | imadj wrote:
           | They're not buying the product. They're buying the company so
           | they can pivot and implement their vision.
           | 
           | Basically, the investors lost interest but the team is
           | passionate and see a path to success. They won't be
           | maintaining the old product, they're going in new direction.
        
             | VirusNewbie wrote:
             | > investors lost interest
             | 
             | The _founder_ lost interest, he started a new company and
             | he is the CEO of it!
        
               | rienbdj wrote:
               | Seems more like activism than a company to me.
        
             | necubi wrote:
             | It's actually the opposite. They're buying the assets (the
             | software), not the company.
             | 
             | > To ensure continuity for users and fans, as well as to
             | continue building what we regard as an important
             | technology, Dark Inc has sold the assets - the Darklang
             | language, the blog, the hosted service, the Discord, etc,
             | darklang.com, etc - to a new company started by Dark Inc's
             | former employees.
             | 
             | (from https://blog.darklang.com/goodbye-dark-inc-welcome-
             | darklang-...)
             | 
             | In other words, there's a new company (Darklang Inc.) that
             | has purchased the assets of Dark Inc. (for probably
             | relatively little money). This clears the cap table, making
             | it easier for the former employees (now founders) to raise
             | money for the new corporation.
        
               | imadj wrote:
               | So, they pretty much bought the entire thing without
               | transferring company ownership? It's weird to split the
               | information on multiple posts.
               | 
               | They want to maintain the community they have because
               | it's the real asset for any open-source project, which is
               | the direction they're betting on.
        
         | qwertox wrote:
         | I wish the owners of Komoot would have done this.
         | 
         | They sold the company because they didn't see a future of
         | growth, and the employees were notified of the sale of the
         | company just a couple of days before.
         | 
         | The new owner then fired most of the employees, it's an Italian
         | "tech company" (Bending Spoons) which already bough companies
         | like Evernote, Brightcove or WeTransfer, and has nothing to do
         | with the outdoors.
         | 
         | Komoot was the best outdoor-community app in Germany and very
         | popular in Europe, made mostly for hiking and biking.
         | 
         | You can see in this really moving video, made by the employees
         | after they got fired, how much they loved their team:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLJkK4Wn1HI
        
         | eddythompson80 wrote:
         | > Any other examples of that? I'm particularly interested in
         | that for this kind of software product.
         | 
         | As far as I know, this pattern is not uncommon among
         | traditional businesses. King Arthur Flour Company is the
         | largest one that comes to my mind, but on a local level;
         | grocery stores, restaurants, mechanic shops, plumbing
         | businesses, etc very often "change ownership" this way.
         | 
         | In software, it's pretty common in informal OSS project to
         | transition ownership this way when the original owner/author
         | loses interest or is otherwise unable to maintain the project.
         | 
         | In terms of commercial sortware, something like SketchUp comes
         | to mind, though it's not exact path. It was a startup, acquired
         | by Google, then spun off again with its employees
        
       | vanschelven wrote:
       | Because the title at the top links to the blog (not the homepage)
       | I was a bit puzzled as to what Darklang actually _is_. One more
       | click on a similar logo reveals "Darklang puts everything in one
       | box, so you can build CLIs and cloud apps with no bullshit, just
       | code."
        
         | LtWorf wrote:
         | It is no more clear to me now than it was before.
        
         | latentsea wrote:
         | No bullshit, except the company going out of business.
        
       | solomonb wrote:
       | What are the pros and cons of Dark Lang vs Unison?
        
       | sisve wrote:
       | I guess darklang was too far ahead in their thinking in some
       | areas and choose the wrong path for other. I really liked the
       | deployless idea, but would have loved in even more on-premise. No
       | way to get the data to stay in Europe.
       | 
       | Making hard connections between the editor and the lang was
       | interesting also. Seems like they have moved away from that.
       | 
       | Hope there is a easy way to set it up locally, i was really
       | intrigued when they first launched
        
         | pbiggar wrote:
         | Yes, the next version will be able to set up locally - you'll
         | be able to install a single Darklang binary and run any
         | darklang program without any further steps. See the
         | explanations on https://darklang.com homepage.
         | 
         | The issue with the hard connection between the editor and
         | language is that each change becomes a massive undertaking.
         | Making a language improvement was much much much simpler than
         | making the editor change to support it.
        
           | sisve wrote:
           | It was a bit hard to understand what is coming and what
           | deprecated. As soon as i went into documentation I was send
           | to "darklang classic".
           | 
           | How are the deployless senario now? Where you first serve
           | only yourself then your team, then beta, then everyone... Or
           | something similar to that. I really liked how that story was
           | told and how much complexity it removed
        
       | LtWorf wrote:
       | Very cool. Now make a page that clearly explains what it is!
        
       | tommica wrote:
       | What an interesting project - once this rolls out, absolutely
       | want to try it. There is something delightful about the
       | fundamental idea of a "canvas" as the code editor.
        
       | notarobot123 wrote:
       | > We're now building Darklang to run locally as a CLI
       | 
       | Dark's structure editor looked promising. I'm really disappointed
       | that the project moved away from this because a hosted visual
       | programming environment felt like the whole value proposition in
       | the first place.
       | 
       | Was it the pivot to AI that killed this, was it issues with the
       | design of the language or was the structure editor just not as
       | useful as it seemed?
        
         | pbiggar wrote:
         | Stachu is really interested in bringing back the hosted
         | programming environment in some form fyi. Just need to get the
         | basics working first.
        
       | apgwoz wrote:
       | In theory, Dark and associated infrastructure for running Dark
       | apps is the perfect companion to LLM based vibe coding... I
       | think, and I am just understanding this now. The goals of
       | Darklang were always "no this, no that, not that either." And so
       | the focus was not on targeting 3rd party stuff of questionable
       | design, but rather a single integrated set of patterns that
       | abstracted the messy bits away.
       | 
       | Turns out, the messy bits are the things that turn your vibe
       | coded Twitter clone into a full time operations job...
        
       | tnolet wrote:
       | Been following from the sidelines for years. Wish Paul and team
       | invest in a person good at docs, some web design and copy
       | writing. The website, docs, visuals, examples, typography, are
       | just very confusing and feel amateurish.
       | 
       | Not blaming. Not everyone is good at everything or wants to make
       | time for it.
       | 
       | But a good, well structured landing page with great, real life,
       | examples and good hierarchy backed by awesome docs will make a
       | ton of difference adoption wise. I hope.
        
       | jitl wrote:
       | Epic's new language, Verse, is also well poised for the
       | "immutable" future of AI agent coding. Verse uses an effects
       | system, and the <transacts> effect is required for any function
       | to change a mutable variable. These changes are _transactional_ ,
       | so if you have a failure in your <transacts> function, any
       | changes it made are rolled back at exit. Code still looks
       | imperative-ish, but it's both safe and pure.
       | 
       | (Or, it works something like this. The documentation is hard to
       | understand; I'm working mostly on memory from their keynote)
        
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