[HN Gopher] Childhood leukemia: how a deadly cancer became treat...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Childhood leukemia: how a deadly cancer became treatable
        
       Author : surprisetalk
       Score  : 289 points
       Date   : 2025-06-15 13:12 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ourworldindata.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ourworldindata.org)
        
       | srean wrote:
       | Small mercies and immense gratitude.
        
       | bglazer wrote:
       | Don Pinkel is not well known but he was a pioneer in the 60's at
       | St. Jude in Memphis in developing the first combination
       | treatments that pushed the childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
       | cure rate from effectively zero to about 50%.
       | 
       | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/childhood-leukemia...
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | One thing that Xers and xennials grew up with that later
       | generations did not necessarily -- and unlike Atari consoles,
       | wood paneling, and staying outside till the street lights came
       | on, they're unlikely to yell to clouds about it on TikTok -- is
       | the phenomenon of "knowing that one kid in school who died of
       | leukemia".
       | 
       | Growing up, our leukemia kid was Donny Miceli. He was a great kid
       | -- friendly, active, and athletic, even throughout all but the
       | latest courses of his therapy. Could've been the Phineas to any
       | number of potential Gene Forresters out there.
       | 
       | When our teacher announced that Donny had died, I was saddened
       | but in a "didn't show it" way. It wasn't a blow to the system. It
       | was something we all had seen a long time coming.
       | 
       | The school planted an apple tree in the courtyard in Donny's
       | honor, with like a ceremony and everything.
       | 
       | How blessed are the later generations, that far fewer trees will
       | be planted in school courtyards in recognition of students who
       | are no longer there, due to leukemia.
        
         | bena wrote:
         | No offense, I don't know anyone who died of leukemia or even
         | had it.
         | 
         | I think you may be experiencing a bit of the "blue car" effect.
         | Of course everyone who went to your school knew someone who
         | died of leukemia. They all knew the same kid.
         | 
         | And once you get to college, I wouldn't be surprised if you had
         | run into a few other people who also knew people who died of
         | leukemia.
         | 
         | But it was not as common an occurrence as you seem to think it
         | was.
        
           | YesThatTom2 wrote:
           | What you're demonstrating is called survivor bias.
        
           | mlyle wrote:
           | It's like 4 per 100k kids per year from ages 0-19, but a
           | pretty high portion of that initial incidence is in
           | elementary school ages -- so 1 per 1500 or so over the
           | elementary to middle school years. And that's just leukemia.
           | 
           | Between school sizes, mixing of schools going to middle
           | school, and auxiliary networks through family and parent
           | networks-- you were pretty dang likely to know someone or
           | know of someone who was affected by childhood cancer. No,
           | it's not a universal experience.
           | 
           | In my extended social circle, I know of 3 cases of childhood
           | cancer that would have had a high fatality rate 2-3 decades
           | ago.
        
           | dontTREATonme wrote:
           | Yea got to agree, no child I knew personally or even knew of
           | in school had cancer. However, two of my close friends in
           | school died of other causes. And a sibling of a friend also
           | died. So I definitely experienced loss.
        
           | Glyptodon wrote:
           | FWIW, someone I know thought the kid with cancer was getting
           | away with playing hookie, and only discovered what was
           | actually happening years later (when we were randomly
           | catching up). Similarly, through a personal connection to the
           | cancer kid, I learned another kid had survived Leukemia in
           | elementary. And I don't think almost anyone else knew. So
           | it's not really a given that everyone even knows. (At a high
           | school with like 7 or 8 hundred kids.)
        
         | stevoski wrote:
         | Jason Bell was the name, I think, of the kid in my high school
         | who died from leukaemia.
         | 
         | Popular, athletic, good-looking guy. Then one day it was
         | announced in the school news that he had passed away.
        
         | jltsiren wrote:
         | That depends on the size of the school you went to. With 500
         | kids, it's unlikely to have even a single leukemia case in 13
         | years. It gets more likely with 1000 kids. And if you went to a
         | giant school with 2000 kids, there probably was a case or two.
        
           | billforsternz wrote:
           | A very HN reply to a poetic and heartfelt comment.
        
             | jltsiren wrote:
             | A reply to a comment with a false generalization and a
             | personal anecdote.
             | 
             | I'm gen X from a country where schools typically have
             | 200-500 students. Small enough that rare things like
             | leukemia didn't happen in most schools. They were something
             | that happened to a kid in the news but not to a kid you
             | kind of knew in your school. People generally didn't talk
             | about leukemia or think about it, because it did not affect
             | the life they experienced.
             | 
             | Rare things still happened, but they were different for
             | each school. In my school, someone I knew was murdered
             | while visiting her family in Russia.
        
         | ojbyrne wrote:
         | My sister, sadly. Long time ago now, but definitely filled with
         | mixed emotions from this article.
        
         | wileydragonfly wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why,_Charlie_Brown,_Why%3F
        
       | akharris wrote:
       | My dad started his work as a Pediatric Hematologist Oncologist in
       | the late 60s. He had a firm belief that cure rates could and
       | would climb as a result of research and better clinical care. He
       | spent his life pursuing both.
       | 
       | When people would ask him how he managed to stay so positive - he
       | was one of the happiest people I've ever known - he'd reference
       | the trends highlighted in this article.
       | 
       | That didn't change how hard it was when he lost a patient, but I
       | know he always had his eyes and his mind on the future.
       | 
       | This is an incredible example of science and medicine. Thanks OP
       | for posting it.
        
         | ErigmolCt wrote:
         | It's hard to imagine the emotional weight of working in
         | pediatric oncology back then, when outcomes were so bleak
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | My father knew a neurosurgeon in the 70s(?), when the outcome
           | statistics were pretty bleak.
           | 
           | He asked him how he handled it, and the guy said "Because the
           | few that I save wouldn't be, if we didn't do anything."
           | 
           | Sometimes, greater than zero is the win.
        
           | akharris wrote:
           | I don't fully understand how he did it. I know he took a lot
           | from the line in the Talmud that said "whoever saves a life,
           | it is considered as if he saved an entire world."
           | 
           | My mom says that his baseline was incredibly high and that he
           | was incredibly resilient. He also had a big rebellious
           | streak, an analytical mind, and endless compassion.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | > the line in the Talmud that said "whoever saves a life,
             | it is considered as if he saved an entire world."
             | 
             | I am not Jewish but I learned about this phrase watching
             | the film _Schindler 's List_ in high school. That phrase,
             | and listening to Ben Kingsley's character say it, has
             | lived, rent-free, in my mind for the last umpteen years.
        
         | felbane wrote:
         | Sounds like you already know this, but your dad's a hero.
         | Infinite respect for the folks who dedicate their lives to
         | helping others.
        
           | akharris wrote:
           | Thanks for saying that.
           | 
           | Here's a bit more about him from the obituary my sister
           | wrote: https://www.northjersey.com/obituaries/pnys1147090
        
             | hasmolo wrote:
             | what a guy, your dad was a great person
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you.
        
             | phonon wrote:
             | Baruch dayan emes. He seemed like an extraordinary person.
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you so much. He was.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | This obituary is so well written that it could be a front
             | page star on HN. I am not joking. Incredible. You dad was
             | the like the good guy version of the Terminator --
             | unstoppable in all forms.
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you.
               | 
               | My sister is an incredible write and he was a perfect
               | subject.
        
             | sizzle wrote:
             | Sorry for your loss. He saved so many lives, what an
             | incredible legacy he left on the world. He deserves to be
             | celebrated widely. Please make a Wikipedia entry for his
             | accomplishments?
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you. I've only ever had bad luck creating Wikipedia
               | entries, though it's been a while.
        
             | croisillon wrote:
             | for people outside US: https://web.archive.org/web/20250415
             | 180024/https://www.north...
        
               | thrdbndndn wrote:
               | I'm "outside US" and I can open the link directly. Is it
               | blocked somewhere?
        
               | croisillon wrote:
               | i get constantly redirected to
               | https://eu.northjersey.com/ probably because of GDPR or
               | something
        
             | sparklingmango wrote:
             | Wow. Thank you for sharing. May his memory be a blessing to
             | you and yours.
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you.
        
             | ecshafer wrote:
             | > he recalled that when starting his residency at the
             | Children's Hospital in Philadelphia in 1970, the survival
             | rate for the sick children was only 30 percent
             | 
             | Jesus, 30 percent survival rate of children. I couldn't
             | image working in that kind of situation and not be
             | emotionally destroyed.
             | 
             | > Going from a 30 percent to an 80 percent cure rate, I'd
             | say we are getting there
             | 
             | Your father is a literal hero.
        
               | akharris wrote:
               | Thank you.
               | 
               | What I love about that quote is that he knew that, some
               | day, the cure rate would go even higher.
        
       | ErigmolCt wrote:
       | The big caveat, though, is access. These advances are still
       | largely confined to high-income countries. Replicating this
       | success globally is the next frontier
        
         | robwwilliams wrote:
         | Practical speaking you are right. But the main ingredient in
         | success is getting dosages and timing right, not ultra-
         | expensive drugs.
        
       | find wrote:
       | A typical child knows about one child with cancer. Back-of-the-
       | envelope, the number a child knows would be (incidence rate of
       | childhood cancer) * (typical K-8 size), but doubled since they
       | observe all grades ahead and behind them. Incidence rate is about
       | 20 per 100,000 and we might assume a typical K-8 is about 2000
       | students, so (20 / 100000 * 2000 * 2) ~ 1.
       | 
       | The first figure shows an order of magnitude decrease in
       | mortality over the last few decades from childhood cancer. The
       | average child growing up in the 70s would know a child that died
       | from cancer, and today they would not!
        
         | wombatpm wrote:
         | Anecdata checks out. Had twin girls in my second grade class.
         | One got leukemia. Even with a perfect match bone marrow
         | transplant there was only one in my third grade class. Things
         | have improved so much since 77
        
       | CobaltFire wrote:
       | My son was diagnosed with B-ALL (RUNX1) in 2020.
       | 
       | I don't want to go deep into it today (Fathers Day here), but
       | he's alive and well now. We rang the bell just over two years
       | ago.
       | 
       | He is enrolled in a study through the Children's Oncology Group
       | mentioned here, and underwent an experimental modification
       | specifically for male patients.
       | 
       | Specifically, the current state of treatment protocols (when he
       | started) was that males received an extra ~6 months of treatment
       | as there was thought that the testes could serve as a repository
       | for the cancer. The data says that is likely not true, and that
       | the tradeoff for the longer chemo is worse than any risk present.
       | 
       | We were fortunate that he hit every single "best case", from him
       | being diagnosed very early, to all of the best possible results
       | from his blood tests at every point.
       | 
       | Many of my comments talking about my experience are buried, but
       | there is plenty that I've said here on HN.
        
         | debrisapron wrote:
         | Im going to think about this comment a lot today. Not in a
         | "thoughts & prayers" way, just because this makes me so happy &
         | proud for humanity, that we can do actually worthwhile things
         | like this together. That's the kind of stuff I want to think
         | about on my silly made-up Dad holiday. Cheers!
        
           | petesergeant wrote:
           | > we can do actually worthwhile things like this together
           | 
           | As long as there aren't dramatic cuts to science funding
        
             | anonymous_9876 wrote:
             | NIH is facing a 40% budget cut. Cancer research would
             | dramatically slow down.
             | 
             | 1. https://www.science.org/content/article/senators-press-
             | nih-d...
             | 
             | 2. https://www.fightcancer.org/releases/future-cancer-
             | cures-jeo...
        
               | mapt wrote:
               | I think if we want research to survive we need to start
               | funding it on a basis other than paycheck-to-paycheck. We
               | need to acknowledge the adversarial nature of the current
               | political situation.
               | 
               | If you have a $50M study that takes 10 years, $50M leaves
               | the budget on approval and goes into a foundation
               | dedicated to that study.
               | 
               | The alternative is this sort of atrocity - https://www.re
               | ddit.com/r/labrats/comments/1kh21p5/discarding...
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | Ideally, we'd sever and isolate the NIH (and probably the
               | CDC) from the government and make it operate a bit more
               | like the federal reserve or USPS. We attempted to do that
               | with the CFPB, but having an executive that can simply
               | fire everyone running an agency really messes with the
               | ability for such agencies to properly operate.
               | 
               | Funding would be tricky. Nobody has pocketbooks big
               | enough to send to the NIH other than the US government
               | and we'd run the risk of it going years without money
               | with hostile administrations. You might be able to self-
               | fund if you included someone like the FDA in the mix and
               | charged approval fees. But, ideally these organizations
               | would be funded through general taxation as everyone
               | benefits from their output. Funds shouldn't have to
               | solely come from pharmaceuticals.
        
               | pstuart wrote:
               | Perhaps their funding could be self-generated if they
               | were to patent their findings and license them in such a
               | way to generate revenue where there's some juice to
               | squeeze from the pharma sales.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | The difficulty is that you still need a way to build
               | accountability into the funding system.
               | 
               | There _are_ valid reasons to pull a study 's funding
               | early, politics aside.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | Yeah, I really want people to understand this.
             | 
             | I know HN doesn't want to get political in general, but
             | this is an incredibly terrible thing that's happening that
             | affects everyone.
             | 
             | The cuts to the NIH based purely on the politics or
             | perceived politics of the institutions doing the research
             | will kill people. It very likely will be a death sentence
             | for my wife with a cancer that has treatment options
             | available but really needs additional research.
             | 
             | Everyone that lives long enough will get cancer.
             | Researching cancer and disease treatments is universally
             | beneficial to the population.
        
         | chrisweekly wrote:
         | CONGRATS to you and your son. And Happy Father's Day! :)
        
         | cpard wrote:
         | I went through chemotherapy for ALL as a kid and I had to do
         | almost an extra year of treatment because I was male, for the
         | reasons you mention in your comment.
         | 
         | Male kids before me, also had to do a surgery to remove
         | something from their testes to make sure that there wasn't any
         | chance of having the repository for the cancer left. I was
         | lucky enough to not have to do that.
         | 
         | I do find it impressive though that this is still a thing as I
         | was treated many years ago. My feeling was always that the
         | treatment protocols, for ALL at least, tend to get more
         | aggressive but also much shorter. Exactly because of the
         | tradeoffs you mentioned.
         | 
         | Your little one is a hero. He might be too young right now to
         | realize what he has achieved but please keep reminding him
         | that.
         | 
         | Also, something that I don't see being discussed enough when it
         | comes to childhood cancers, is the effect it has to the family
         | as a whole. Parents especially, do come out with their own
         | trauma from this experience and they need to heal too.
         | 
         | Finally, for anyone interested.
         | 
         | Stanford has an amazing Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer
         | program (SAYAC)[1], hopefully more institutions have similar
         | programs but I can't emphasize enough the value they can bring.
         | 
         | Elephants and Tea [2] is a magazine for adolescent and young
         | adult (AYA) patients, survivors, and caregivers. Great place to
         | learn more about the experiences from the people who are there
         | or have been there.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/services/adolescent-
         | you... 2. https://elephantsandtea.org
        
           | CobaltFire wrote:
           | Its fascinating to hear from someone who my son's enrollment
           | would have affected. I'm hoping his data point can help tune
           | treatment for more people in the future.
           | 
           | And thank you for YOUR data point that helped my son have the
           | option to not do those extra months.
        
         | patates wrote:
         | I can't even begin to think how hard that must have been for
         | you and your son!
         | 
         | I wish you a belated happy fathers day, and I wish you and your
         | son the healthiest, happiest life.
        
         | vdenis wrote:
         | Hi, First time poster here, long time lurker, germline
         | RUNX1-mutant myself. Father got AML, three decades of
         | thrombocypenia for me, child is mutant as well, no event
         | fortunately but under surveillance. Good news for your child!
        
           | CobaltFire wrote:
           | Fortunately only his cancer was RUNX1, not his whole genome.
           | It was also trisomy-21. Essentially he had what his doc
           | described as the "stereotypical" B-ALL for individuals with
           | Down Syndrome, but he doesn't have it.
        
       | searine wrote:
       | Made possible by government funding of basic scientific research.
       | This is what your tax dollars bought, and what they're currently
       | trying to destroy.
        
         | RRWagner wrote:
         | +1 +1 +1.... I'm glad that all diseases have been cured so that
         | no further research with public funds is necessary /s. How can
         | some humans be so short-sighted to cheer on their own
         | suffering...
        
       | rglover wrote:
       | I'm an ALL Leukemia survivor (~89' to ~95') and this is
       | incredibly encouraging to hear. I'll never forget the long
       | hospital stays, early-morning surgeries, and now, the long-term
       | impact to my life (it changes your entire personality).
       | 
       | I hope we eventually stomp it out. No child deserves to go
       | through that. Here's hoping we can take what's been learned in
       | the West and see to it that all kids get access to affordable
       | treatment.
        
         | CobaltFire wrote:
         | My son, not I, had ALL and is in remission.
         | 
         | I don't know how to quantify the impact it had on him from a
         | personality perspective, as he is severely autistic and barely
         | speaks. He was in treatment from age 3 to 6.
         | 
         | For the rest of his family (parents and sibling) it had a
         | massive impact. I already had anxiety issues (TBI while in the
         | military flipped that switch), now I have something my doc
         | describes as health related PTSD.
        
           | rglover wrote:
           | > My son, not I, had ALL and is in remission.
           | 
           | That's excellent to hear. Send him a high five for me.
           | 
           | > For the rest of his family (parents and sibling) it had a
           | massive impact. I already had anxiety issues (TBI while in
           | the military flipped that switch), now I have something my
           | doc describes as health related PTSD.
           | 
           | I'm sorry to hear that. My own family was definitely affected
           | by all of it. If it will help, I'd be happy to talk whenever
           | you'd like (email [1], phone--whatever works)--it's a hell of
           | a lot to process/cope with especially on top of the other
           | stuff you're dealing with--don't hesitate.
           | 
           | [1] me@ryanglover.net
        
         | throwaway2037 wrote:
         | > it changes your entire personality
         | 
         | I believe it. There are few other posts here that mention major
         | mental changes. If not too personal, can you share a story to
         | explain?
        
           | rglover wrote:
           | Sure.
           | 
           | I spent a lot of time in the hospital receiving treatment.
           | Sometimes it was a few days, sometimes it was a month. My
           | parents were working and so while I'd see them in the morning
           | and evenings, most days I was on my own w/ the occasional
           | nurse or doctor pop in. That led me to have a very
           | independent (sometimes standoffishly so--mainly because I got
           | tired of being poked at by doctors and nurses as a kid)
           | personality and had to learn to amuse myself and be
           | resourceful.
           | 
           | In addition to that, while I would attend school fairly
           | regularly, I was "the sick kid" who was gone for weeks or a
           | month at a time, so I didn't really form a lot of early bonds
           | with the kids in my class. As an adult lone wolf type, I tend
           | to smirk at that because that's essentially what I had to
           | learn to be in those early years.
           | 
           | Another thing that I find amusing is that I would watch a lot
           | of movies while I was in the hospital. I remember they would
           | always play the same few movies:
           | 
           | - Willy Wonka (Gene Wilder version)
           | 
           | - Ghostbusters
           | 
           | - Gremlins
           | 
           | What's funny is that a good chunk of my personality is a mix
           | of the characters in these movies. I like to have fun with
           | people and keep them on their toes like Wonka, I like to
           | invent/build/take risk on my own ideas like the Ghostbusters
           | (my wife also said Pete Venkman reminds her of me), and I've
           | always been a bit of a trouble maker/chaos monkey like a
           | gremlin.
           | 
           | As an adult, I've noticed that I have an in-built preference
           | toward self-sufficiency and tend to work/be alone most of the
           | time and I'm hyper-sensitive to people "poking" at me (or
           | someone else--I love going after a bully). I'd also say that
           | I developed a high EQ and awareness of and for others (like
           | an ability to quickly read people and know what they're
           | feeling--my grandpa refers to it as "acute awareness").
           | 
           | Several years back the "why" of all this started to click
           | when I read Maria Montessori's book--The Absorbent Mind
           | [1]--on the first few years of childhood development (~0-6
           | years). She explains that kids are like sponges and their
           | personality forms relative to what they experience in those
           | first few years. When I think about the mix of experiences
           | during those days, I can't help but laugh--that theory is
           | dead on.
           | 
           | I also read Thomas Sowell's [2] late-talking children because
           | I remembered being taken to a speech therapist as a kid
           | because I refused to talk. I had no problem talking, I just
           | didn't want to. Even today, I have quiet phases where I just
           | kind of drift off into my own little world and don't really
           | talk much.
           | 
           | Would I say that having Leukemia specifically gave me all of
           | these traits? No, but I would say that the combination of
           | circumstances in relation to my treatment definitely did.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.amazon.com/Absorbent-Mind-Maria-
           | Montessori/dp/08...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.amazon.com/Late-Talking-Children-Thomas-
           | Sowell/d...
        
       | Vinnl wrote:
       | It's amazing to consider how many people have contributed parts
       | to all the improvements listed in this article. It's not as
       | spectacular and doesn't get the same immediate positive feedback
       | as, say, saving a drowning child, but each of them has, on
       | average, probably saved multiple lives, and more lives will
       | continue to be added to that tally.
        
       | fakedang wrote:
       | What the article does not mention is that one of the more recent
       | key biological therapies that is used is asparaginase, which has
       | proven to be extremely effective for ALL.
       | 
       | Also surprisingly, the article did not mention that there's a
       | severe shortage of this therapy currently in the world, which has
       | recently affected treatment progress worldwide, especially in the
       | developing world.
       | 
       | Asparaginase can be made dirt cheaply (it's used in food
       | processing for breadmaking, frying, etc, to destroy certain
       | carcinogens), but the product is extremely unstable for the kind
       | of purity that is required for ALL treatments. The shortage is
       | because there's only one manufacturer now.
        
         | l-survivor wrote:
         | Main thing that, having had it happen to me, that I'd worry
         | about w/ L Asparaginase:
         | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4976870/. (In the
         | sense of risk and monitoring, not avoiding use.)
        
         | cmclaughlin wrote:
         | This comment took me on a walk down memory lane...
         | 
         | The shortage of asparaginase (brand name Erwinaze) was very
         | stressful during my daughter's recovery! This was in 2021.
         | 
         | She had allergic reactions to two other medicines, and Erwinaze
         | was identified as an alternative. We ended up getting a batch
         | of Erwinaze, but she was allergic to that too. She ended up
         | getting it on a slow drip under full hospitalization instead of
         | a relatively quick visit at the infusion center.
         | 
         | If anyone else is in a similar situation, this patient advocate
         | might be able to help:
         | 
         | https://www.angelsforchange.org/
        
       | robwwilliams wrote:
       | The explanation of "How" is not made well. Here is the crux:
       | 
       | "This improvement in survival reflects the impact of intensive
       | treatment regimens. These treatments usually still involve years
       | of intensive chemotherapy, which is often physically and mentally
       | challenging and can cause long-term side effects."
       | 
       | "Intensive treatment regimens" is awkward jargon.
       | 
       | What this should say is "the right dose for the individual
       | patient given their genotype, age, and disease subtype".
       | 
       | Progress over the last 2+ decades has involved state-of-the-art
       | genotyping of key gene variants involved in handling various
       | aspects of cancer therapeutics: drug transporters, drug
       | metabolizing genes (P450-type), and genes that modulate excretion
       | rates.
       | 
       | What also must be highlighted is MAJOR progress in remission and
       | survival without any major changes in the actual drug
       | armamentarium (until very recently).
       | 
       | Finally a shout-out to NIH programs and extramural support that
       | made much of this possible. And to Saint Jude Children's Research
       | Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, with donations received from
       | around the world. Bravo.
        
       | cue_the_strings wrote:
       | When I was a kid in the 90s and early 00s in Serbia, later
       | Montenegro, I knew 2-3 kids that had leukemia at some point, and
       | if my memory serves me well, all of them survived. One neighbor
       | kid had it really rough (was in therapy for years, looked like
       | hell), but still survived. Even then, the treatments were so
       | available that surviving it was the expected outcome.
       | 
       | Just years before it was quite common for children to die from it
       | - I know 2 couples who lost kids to it in the 80s and early 90s.
       | 
       | Another thing was that a couple of kids had congenital heart
       | conditions. Those didn't fare that well. My classmate from
       | elementary survived that with a pacemaker, but a neighbor
       | suddenly died in her mid-20s, that was really sad.
        
       | l-survivor wrote:
       | I'm ALL survivor. Treated (I think - it's been a while)
       | approximately from Spring '00 through 2003, a mix of middle
       | school and high school.
       | 
       | The treatment absolutely has a lasting impact - often due to the
       | severe side effects of treatment. But even with notable impacts
       | to short term memory and deep concentration I was still able to
       | get a CS degree and work as a SWE.
       | 
       | Something that's shocking to me: the chronic absenteeism rate
       | nationally is about 30%. I barely hit the threshold for that
       | (missing 10% of school) number while going through cancer
       | treatment. It makes me very worried about the direction of the US
       | that so many kids are missing as much school a cancer patient.
       | 
       | It should also be noted that the treatment process is a big
       | burden on families, who will probably not want their child be
       | alone for extended hospital stays, but may need to for work.
        
         | throwaway2037 wrote:
         | > notable impacts to short term memory and deep concentration
         | 
         | So these are permanent? Is it caused by the cancer or the
         | drugs? Is there any peer-reviewed research on the matter?
         | 
         | To be clear, chronic absenteeism is defined by the US Dept of
         | Education as: "students missing 10% or more of school". Eh,
         | that is one day every two weeks. That's not so bad. Most kids
         | can still get a pretty good education at that level.
        
           | cmclaughlin wrote:
           | Hello,
           | 
           | Here's more info on the side effects to memory.
           | 
           | * https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6089371/ *
           | https://curesearch.org/Learning-Problems-During-or-After-
           | Tre...
           | 
           | I think this sums it up (from the NIH study):
           | 
           | "methotrexate exposure has also been associated with
           | persistent cognitive deficits among survivors, including
           | impairments of memory, attention, and executive functions"
           | 
           | My daughter recovered from Leukemia (ALL). She's healthy now,
           | but it was a nightmare. She was in the "high risk" category
           | until the doctors realized the chemo triggered a rare kidney
           | disorder. Once that was treated, the chemo started to work.
           | 
           | I've observed some issues with her memory and cognition, but
           | I'm happy she's alive and optimistic that she'll learn to
           | work around the challenges.
        
       | major505 wrote:
       | My cousin developed leukemia as kid when he was only 3 years old
       | in the end of the seventies.
       | 
       | At the time, specially in Brazil, the decease was a death
       | sentence. His mother took him to dozen of doctors and
       | specialists.
       | 
       | His condition deteriorated fast, and she endup trying even
       | pseudoscinece stuff like spiritual healing and mediuns. She made
       | a promise to the patron saint of her church, Saint Judas, to help
       | people in the same situation as her.
       | 
       | At the time, the brazilian equivalent of the FDA was debaging
       | releasing Interferon as a threatment for kids in Brazl. She was
       | able to put him in trials and the treatment worked on him. My
       | cousin is still alive and kicking to this day, but unfourtunaly,
       | he became infertile as a result of the threatment.
       | 
       | To fulfill her promise, my auntie organized a group in the Rotary
       | and over the years the raised donations, organize a charity
       | auctions and received some land as a donation. In the place they
       | started a children hospital for treatment of cancer called GPACI.
       | The open in 1981, and today the hispital a reference of research
       | and treatment of kids in Brazil.
       | 
       | Here is the site if you wanna know more https://www.gpaci.org.br/
        
         | srameshc wrote:
         | > She made a promise to the patron saint of her church, Saint
         | Judas, to help people in the same situation as her.
         | 
         | And there is hospital !! This a wonderful story, thanks for
         | sharing.
        
           | major505 wrote:
           | yeah, thres a cool story. A wealth lady gave her a diamond
           | neckless that was audictioned. The person who won the
           | neckless in the auction gave it back to my aunt, so she could
           | auction it again. The same neckless was auctioned like 3, 4
           | times because of that. A lot of generous people helped her
           | pave the way, but it was her wll and determination that
           | focused this efforts.
           | 
           | Personally I dont have a good relationship with her, because
           | of things she done in the family, including to my own
           | parents, but damn if this don't goes to show that even peolpe
           | we may think are bad can can make the world a better place.
           | She does have a lot of good karma to expend the rest of her
           | life.
        
       | lysergic wrote:
       | My second closest childhood friend died from leukemia about ~18
       | years ago, when we were about ~10 years old. I still think about
       | him sometimes and even now as I'm writing this I feel some
       | sadness.
       | 
       | According to my mother his mother was head nurse of pediatrics
       | and had not noticed my friend becoming sick, and he became very
       | sick. He was given kemo therapy and subsequent bone marrow
       | transplant, but he didn't get better. Apparently the kemo made
       | him blind and more afraid until his death.
       | 
       | And his death took a toll on his family, and especially his twin
       | sister, which their mother lashed out at and was told by their
       | mother that "she should have been the one dead."
       | 
       | Childhood cancer ruins so many people and relationships, and I
       | deeply hate this thing that almost seem intrinsic to the human
       | condition.
        
       | sgt101 wrote:
       | Is there any plausible connection between these statistics and
       | the ending of atmospheric bomb testing? Also the various
       | catastrophic releases of plutonium into the atmosphere from
       | satellite reentry?
       | 
       | Could the gradual reduction be attributed to the decay of
       | radioactive isotopes in the environment?
        
         | mkesper wrote:
         | No. This only looks at children that got leukemia.
        
       | yoko888 wrote:
       | Sometimes I think the most amazing thing is not that we have
       | found a cure, but that we have learned how to keep looking for
       | better ways. The reason why childhood leukemia went from being
       | fatal to being treatable was not due to a major breakthrough, but
       | to doctors and researchers constantly testing, adjusting, and
       | learning over decades. The real miracle may be that medicine
       | itself has learned how to keep improving. It may not seem special
       | every day, but accumulated over a long period of time, it may
       | save more lives. I think if other diseases can also accumulate
       | and continue to advance in this way, perhaps similar
       | transformations will occur.
        
       | Thomvis wrote:
       | My daughter died of AML earlier this year. AML is unfortunately
       | much harder to treat than ALL. She was treated for almost three
       | years (it came back twice). We "lived" with her in the hospital
       | for around 1,5 years over that three year period.
       | 
       | Many of the chemo medications she got have been a stable of AML
       | treatment for decades. From what I understood from our doctors,
       | the improvement in survival rate for AML has come from supportive
       | care, i.e. the ability to keep the patient alive during
       | treatment. Treatment of bacterial and fungal infections has
       | gotten a lot better.
       | 
       | AML is a very heterogeneous disease. The treatment depends a lot
       | on the specific mutations the patient has. Research can only
       | focus on so many target mutations at a time. We did see the
       | progress over the three years we were there. I have high hopes
       | that children with the same mutation as my daughter will in the
       | near future have better chances, specifically thanks to menin
       | inhibitors.
        
       | cloin wrote:
       | My 8 year old completes treatment for B-ALL in a couple months.
       | It has been a crazy 2.5 years but he's almost through it. It's so
       | surprising how it all feels so routine for the care team and how
       | prepared they are during the times that something could go wrong.
       | When it does go wrong, you really appreciate the swarm when the
       | entire clinic circles up to lend a hand.
        
         | CobaltFire wrote:
         | Congratulations to your child!
         | 
         | There is a lot I want to say as a fellow parent in that
         | situation, but it's hard to articulate.
         | 
         | I hope it's easier for you to kove forward (mentally) than it
         | has been for us.
        
       | AdamN wrote:
       | Just a plug for the Max Foundation out of Seattle:
       | https://themaxfoundation.org/
       | 
       | Even where these problems are more solved than they were - the
       | access is not broad enough for everyone to benefit. The Max
       | Foundation works towards that access.
        
       | ceefry wrote:
       | Recently a movie was released related to childhood cancer (not
       | specifically leukemia) called "Audrey's Children" starring
       | Natalie Dormer (Hunger Games, Game of Thrones). I got to see a
       | screening of it bc of my daughter's involvement with Camp Ronald
       | McDonald, which happened as a result of her brother's (my son)
       | ALL treatment. He is a survivor - it has now been 15 years since
       | his last dose of chemotherapy.
       | 
       | The movie was much better than expected and it's worth a watch
       | imo. Definitely relevant to the advances that saved my boy's
       | life, and a glimpse of a few of the incredible people who
       | contributed to those advances.
        
       | thinkcontext wrote:
       | Wanted to give a plug for joining your country's marrow donor
       | registry. As mentioned in the article one of the last ditch
       | treatment options is a marrow stem cell transplant from a donor.
       | Finding a compatible donor can be difficult. On average the odds
       | of finding a match in the general population is 1:10,000, and it
       | can be much worse for some sub-populations. National registries
       | have greatly increased the odds of finding a matching donor but
       | there are people that die while looking for one.
       | 
       | Getting in the registry is easy in the US. You fill out a form on
       | NMDP.org's website, they mail you a free kit, you swab your cheek
       | and mail it back. Something like 1:800 people in the registry
       | ever get contacted about being a donor, so its a pretty rare
       | event. As far as being a donor, I believe around 90% of donations
       | can be done by filtering the blood of the donor, the rest are
       | done surgically.
       | 
       | I was a donor a few years ago after matching through the
       | registry. It was a pretty rewarding experience. Like many people
       | I've had relatives and friends impacted in various ways by
       | cancer. Usually, you get a very powerless feeling as you wait for
       | the process to play out, being a donor felt good because there
       | was something that I could do. Happy to answer questions about
       | the process.
       | 
       | https://www.nmdp.org/get-involved/join-the-registry
        
       | skissane wrote:
       | My niece Summer (on my wife's side) died from complications of
       | leukaemia a couple of years ago, aged 13. They say the survival
       | rate is now >=90%, but someone has to be the ~10% who don't and
       | unfortunately she was one of them. It wasn't directly from
       | leukaemia, she had a blood clot (apparently a side effect of
       | chemotherapy) and that caused a fatal pulmonary embolism.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-06-16 23:01 UTC)