[HN Gopher] A Spiral Structure in the Inner Oort Cloud
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       A Spiral Structure in the Inner Oort Cloud
        
       Author : gnabgib
       Score  : 128 points
       Date   : 2025-06-04 23:22 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (iopscience.iop.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (iopscience.iop.org)
        
       | girvo wrote:
       | Meta: I can't even get into the site, the hCaptcha shows an image
       | (a table and chairs) that never shows up even after 20+ "Skip"
       | clicks...
        
         | SCUSKU wrote:
         | Here's the PDF:
         | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adbf9b/...
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | I fucking hate that chaptcha
        
         | recursive wrote:
         | I got the same thing. The correct answer for me was the fancy
         | desserts, because they go on a fancy restaurant table I guess.
        
         | samyok wrote:
         | you have to click on the fruit cups, as it asks what fits the
         | "theme" of the image.
         | 
         | here's the pdf, though:
         | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adbf9b/...
        
         | w10-1 wrote:
         | Also no access, even after passing human validation - screen
         | dark.
        
         | dcassett wrote:
         | I've been using the links browser for HN and fall back to a
         | full-fledged browser if I get blocked. Links (and Lynx) give me
         | no problems with TFA.
        
         | graemep wrote:
         | > I can't even get into the site, the hCaptcha shows an image
         | (a table and chairs) that never shows up even after 20+ "Skip"
         | clicks...
         | 
         | But someone's metrics are showing 20+ bot request blocked!
        
         | misja111 wrote:
         | The bot doesn't believe you're human
        
         | gs17 wrote:
         | It's a really poor design. "Fits the theme", not "is this
         | object". I had a lighthouse and it wanted me to click sharks,
         | because they're both "water" themed.
         | 
         | I asked Gemini to solve this "puzzle" and it could do it.
         | Whatever weird filter they're trying to apply to the images
         | doesn't work well enough.
        
       | coke12 wrote:
       | Our own solar system has what appear to be spiral arms. Very cool
       | finding.
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | Yes, this is interesting, finding complex structures that are
         | found at multiple scales is rather amazing.
         | 
         | The paper attributes the solar system's spiral structure to the
         | galactic tide. If I'm not mistaken, and this might be outdated,
         | the galactic spiral structure is attributed to massive clumping
         | - massive particles attract.
         | 
         | ("Massive" meaning particles with mass - not necessarily large.
         | "Particles" meaning macroscopic particles, not subatomic.)
        
           | dachris wrote:
           | It's amazing, yes, and at the same time, it makes perfect
           | sense.
           | 
           | (Somewhat) similar mechanisms are at work whether you're
           | pulling together stars into a galaxy, hydrogen gas into a
           | solar system or water towards the drain of your bath tub - a
           | pull towards the center, the centripetal force, slight
           | variations producing "artifacts".
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Well, I would not call these two mechanisms similar, though
             | the artifacts may be similar. I wonder if in fact the
             | spirals are similar, for that matter if mathematicians even
             | have terminology for different types of spirals.
             | 
             | The spirals shown in the paper do look like idealised
             | spirals of very young galaxies, shortly after the bar
             | phase. I wonder, other than spirals, what other artifacts
             | such processes might cause.
             | 
             | Imagine an accretian disk undergoing fusion in spiral-
             | shaped filaments!
        
               | ninkendo wrote:
               | Also, galaxy spirals are very much an open question.
               | Galaxies don't rotate the way you'd expect from the
               | matter you see, and it's the main reason we hypothesize
               | the existence of dark matter. Unless dark matter is the
               | reason the Oort Cloud develops spiral arms, I'd wager the
               | mechanisms are quite different.
        
               | awongh wrote:
               | > Galaxies don't rotate the way you'd expect from the
               | matter you see
               | 
               | In what way?
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | Given the stars' angular velocity, they should fly out
               | away from the galactic center, but they stay confined to
               | their disc.
        
           | AStonesThrow wrote:
           | It will be really exciting if we confirm one, then.
           | 
           | The spiral structure here is a hypothesis within a
           | hypothesis. Whatever objects comprise the Oort Cloud, they
           | haven't been directly observed. Scientists have inferred its
           | existence from a variety of comets that seem related and have
           | very, very long orbital periods, such as 200 years, or 2,000
           | years. So these comets are observed once-in-a-lifetime, or
           | once-in-a-civilization, and the hypotheses say that they're
           | being dislodged somehow from a "cloud of planetesimals" where
           | a bunch more of them are found.
           | 
           | But this supposed cloud would be extremely sparse: plenty of
           | space in-between the very small icy bodies, and individually,
           | they're so much smaller, and so distant from the Sun, that
           | they don't reflect enough light to our telescopes. They
           | really don't send signals in other wavelengths, either, like
           | a pulsar or quasar or something with an active powerplant.
           | 
           | This is beyond the Kuiper Belt, even; the Kuiper Belt, if it
           | indeed be a belt, has offered us a couple of directly-
           | observed objects, including Pluto and Charon.
           | 
           | So it's nice to conjecture and invent proposals for some kind
           | of structure there, but the very existence and extent of the
           | Oort Cloud is something that's been extrapolated and inferred
           | from secondary evidence.
        
             | metalman wrote:
             | confirmation is unlikely, as imaging and detection out
             | there is not a thing from the intro, "Here we discuss
             | dynamics underlying the Oort spiral and (feeble) prospects
             | for its observational detection." we need a whole new class
             | of space based telescopes for this, and other things like
             | direct observation of surface conditions on.exo planets
        
           | jajko wrote:
           | Do we know why ie Saturn rings are not spiral-like? Ie due to
           | their age (some relatively recently broken down comets) or
           | some other forces that keep them spread evenly? Or just
           | gravity is too weak amongst them for those smaller pieces of
           | rock
        
             | seanhunter wrote:
             | Just trying to understand what you're getting at here.
             | About what axis would you expect them to spiral? From
             | normal mechanics + gravity I would expect them to orbit
             | more or less elliptically about the polar axis of Saturn
             | rather than spiral, but I don't know much about
             | astrophysics.
        
             | antognini wrote:
             | Moons close to the rings tend to keep the particles of the
             | ring confined within a narrow band (which is why they are
             | called "shepherd moons").
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | IIRC the galactic spiral is believed explicitly to be _not_
           | due to gravitational attraction so much as shock wave
           | /traffic jam dynamics (transmitted through gravitational
           | force ofc) -- not sure if that's what you meant by clumping.
        
           | antognini wrote:
           | The basic theory of spirals is basically that you get spiral
           | structure when the orientation of elliptical orbits shifts
           | with semi-major axis. This leads to what appear to be spiral
           | arms that have higher densities. In these high density
           | regions you get collisions of gas clouds which leads to star
           | formation. The star forming regions produce lots of bright,
           | blue stars, which then make the spiral arms very visible in
           | optical wavelengths.
           | 
           | In this case of the Oort cloud the galactic tides would be
           | what are responsible for inducing the change in orientation
           | of the elliptical orbits as a function of semi-major axis.
        
       | doctoboggan wrote:
       | > The spiral structure was first identified by examining the
       | simulation in the Hayden Planetarium in preparation for a new
       | space show that describes and visualizes the Oort cloud.
       | 
       | That's a pretty cool way to discover something like this. Here is
       | the simulation animation:
       | 
       | https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TuacHdAeZ5J8wNAJvlYv435x9Oj...
        
         | tristramb wrote:
         | You might also appreciate W. W. Morgan's account of his
         | discovery of the Perseus Spiral Arm of our Galaxy in his
         | observational data on OB stars:
         | 
         | "This was in the fall of 1951, and I was walking between the
         | observatory and home, which is only 100 yards away. I was
         | looking up in the sky ... just looking up in the region of the
         | Double Cluster [in Perseus], and I realized I had been getting
         | distance moduli corrected the best way I could with the colors
         | that were available, for numbers of stars in the general region
         | ... Anyway, I was walking. I was looking up at the sky, and it
         | suddenly occurred to me that the double cluster in Perseus, and
         | then a number of stars in Cassiopeia, these are not the bright
         | stars but the distant stars, and even Cepheus, that along there
         | I was getting distance moduli, of between 11 and 12, corrected
         | distance moduli. Well, 11.5 is two kiloparsecs ... and so, I
         | couldn't wait to get over here and really plot them up. It
         | looked like they were at the same distance ... It looked like a
         | concentration ... And so, as soon as I began plotting this out,
         | the first thing that showed up was that there was a
         | concentration, a long narrow concentration of young stars ...
         | There are HII regions along there too ... And that was the
         | thing that broke [the problem] down."
         | 
         | Full article here: https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-
         | bin/nph-iarticle_que...
        
         | YesThatTom2 wrote:
         | The ads for Hayden Planetarium show mostly highlight that it's
         | narrated by Pedro Pascal.
         | 
         | But, yeah, the spiral thing is cool too.
        
       | dedicate wrote:
       | I always pictured it as, like, a super scattered snowball fight
       | way out in the boonies. How does something so delicate even hold
       | that shape out there?
       | 
       | This completely change how we should think about the 'edge' of
       | our solar system!
        
       | HappMacDonald wrote:
       | Kamina most likely approves
        
         | eli_gottlieb wrote:
         | I understood that reference.
        
       | Eduard wrote:
       | could someone explain the significance of this finding? Is it
       | remarkable for being a definable structure in a previously
       | thought random distribution of bodies that make up the Oort
       | cloud?
        
       | machenesonk wrote:
       | could universe have a spin?
        
       | twic wrote:
       | They could really do with a 3D model of this, it's rather hard to
       | visualise from the views from two different directions.
        
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       (page generated 2025-06-05 23:01 UTC)