[HN Gopher] AI makes the humanities more important, but also wei...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI makes the humanities more important, but also weirder
        
       Author : findhorn
       Score  : 261 points
       Date   : 2025-06-03 03:53 UTC (19 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (resobscura.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (resobscura.substack.com)
        
       | antithesizer wrote:
       | It's quaint how there are people who think something called "the
       | humanities" exerts some occult guiding influence on the world.
       | Studying the humanities would disabuse them of that notion.
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | The first comment on that article caught my attention:
       | 
       | > I am a grad student in the philosophy department at SFSU and
       | teach critical thinking. This semester I pivoted my entire class
       | toward a course design that feels more like running an obstacle
       | course with AI than engaging with Plato. And my students are into
       | it.
       | 
       | It would be interesting to take a class of students and set them
       | an assignment to come up with assignments for their fellow
       | students that could _not_ be completed using ChatGPT.
       | 
       | About ten years ago I went to a BarCamp conference where one of
       | the events was a team quiz where the questions were designed to
       | be difficult to solve using Google - questions like "What island
       | is this?" where all you got was the outline of the island. It was
       | really fun. Designing "ChatGPT-proof assignments" feels to me
       | like a similar level of intellectual challenge.
        
         | aprilthird2021 wrote:
         | Yeah, that does sound like a good idea and a good way to prove
         | one has learned the ideas presented in the course and the
         | relationship between them well
        
         | arvindh-manian wrote:
         | I find it difficult to think of examples that aren't just based
         | on niche information (what did we talk about on this day? what
         | analogy does the teacher make repeatedly?). Maybe multimodal
         | stuff?
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | Even multimodal stuff is something is advancing pretty
           | quickly. And with the more widespread incorporation of things
           | like this, the information will be fed back into AI systems
           | as training data making finding new things more difficult.
        
         | lynx97 wrote:
         | > where all you got was the outline of the island
         | 
         | As a blind person I can't help but notice that this
         | "innovative" question design is inherently inaccessible to
         | people like me. Yes, I know I'm not the norm. However, I can't
         | help but notice that this avoidance of text based assignments
         | is making accessible teaching even more impossible. Say welcome
         | to a new generation of Digital Divide.
        
           | mantas wrote:
           | It'd be bad if there was no alternative. But different people
           | can get different assignments and that's ok.
           | 
           | Complaining about this is like me complaining about people
           | drinking milk since I'm lactose intolerant.
        
             | mootothemax wrote:
             | > It'd be bad if there was no alternative. But different
             | people can get different assignments and that's ok.
             | 
             | While there are possibly noble goals behind your
             | suggestion, in practise this puts anyone outside the
             | mainstream in the category of "other," people to be managed
             | separately. I'll leave to your imagination how much work is
             | often put into supporting these "other" assignments and how
             | up-to-date they're kept va the mainstream.
             | 
             | > Complaining about this is like me complaining about
             | people drinking milk since I'm lactose intolerant.
             | 
             | If this is genuinely your approach, you are being part of
             | the problem; if taking a step back to reassess feels like
             | too much work, I'd encourage you to explore why it feels
             | that way, what emotions is this bringing up internally?
        
               | imawakegnxoxo wrote:
               | I think "everyone gets the exact same test" is a whole
               | level of hell worse than "everyone gets a test that makes
               | sense for their abilities and goals"
               | 
               | Are you just concerned about the administration side of
               | things?
               | 
               | I think the GP here has a pretty reasonable outlook here
               | 
               | "Some people can't do some things the same way as others
               | and that's ok, people are different"
               | 
               | Is the vibe I got from that post
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | Either the test must be the same for everybody or it is
               | not a meaningful signal.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | Yes. But there will always be an obscure case you can't
               | cover. Let's say a test is written. Someone can't write,
               | but can dictate answers. Is it still the same test or
               | not?
               | 
               | On the other hand, how far can society tip-tap around
               | such alternative takes? Could he go study in a field
               | where hand writing is expected and society would still be
               | forced to adapt?
        
               | poulpy123 wrote:
               | > in practise this puts anyone outside the mainstream in
               | the category of "other," people to be managed separately.
               | 
               | So what ? This is literally the case. The commenter has
               | to be managed separately
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | The commenter (rightly or wrongly) is -I think-
               | suggesting that assignments etc should be from the outset
               | be designed to be accessible in their original form for
               | everyone, and not just "okay, this works for 90% of
               | people, lets worry about the rest separately".
               | 
               | An example I have personally is when designing board
               | games I now have internalised to never _just_ use colour
               | to communicate anything. Never solid colour which can be
               | difficult to determine by the colour-blind, but different
               | colours have different stripes or patterns embedded in
               | them. So if you can 't see the colour, you can recognise
               | the stripe spacing, if you can't see the stripe spacing
               | due to low visual-acuity, you can see the colour... and
               | ideally different textures for the blind. (not pratical
               | as it would wear off in the shuffling, but the idea is
               | there).
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | > If this is genuinely your approach, you are being part
               | of the problem; if taking a step back to reassess feels
               | like too much work, I'd encourage you to explore why it
               | feels that way, what emotions is this bringing up
               | internally?
               | 
               | How am I part of the problem? Do you mean I should make a
               | fuss if I get limited options? Or have emotions towards
               | what... My genetical makeup? All in all, I've zero
               | emotions about my lactose intolerance. Being mindful
               | about what I eat is just natural for me. Just like for
               | other people with food allergies/intolerances.
               | 
               | > in practise this puts anyone outside the mainstream in
               | the category of "other," people to be managed separately
               | 
               | Is your goal to get everyone down to the same level by
               | removing all learning material that may be inaccessible
               | to somebody?
               | 
               | Should people just stop consuming anything with lactose
               | to make it more universal for people like me? But then a
               | friend of mine will ask to stop eating fish. Someone else
               | will take away chocolate. At the end of the day all of us
               | will be much worse off.
        
           | WhyIsItAlwaysHN wrote:
           | What would you need to tackle this assignment?
           | 
           | I think you're right to complain about the design of the
           | question. It used Google's disadvantage in that it couldn't
           | process visual information to add difficulty to the task.
           | 
           | However I'm pretty sure there's many of these challenges in
           | an average stem subject. An example would be information
           | dense diagrams which describe some chemical process.
           | 
           | I'm genuinely curious to understand how someone manages to
           | understand these without sight. On my side, I can barely
           | visualize so it was always extremely hard to decipher them
           | and even worse remember them.
        
           | protocolture wrote:
           | Maybe they could 3d print the outline to make it more
           | accessible? Or perhaps the goal is to use the image file with
           | the outline to find the island, something that could/should
           | be achieved via code?
           | 
           | I wouldn't be surprised if a novel solution to the problem
           | emerged from students with diverse abilities. I don't think
           | that brute forcing the problem by comparing the image of
           | every island on the planet vs the outline visually is the
           | best path forward. Its probably something like, create a
           | ratio of the size of each of the bays and then probe for
           | values that fit those quantities on wikipedia.
        
           | math_dandy wrote:
           | As a university professor, I admit with some shame that
           | accessibility issues for specific problem types is not on my
           | radar. "Innovation" isn't the main culprit here.
           | 
           | Fortunately, my university has a good accessibility center
           | that takes care of accommodation issues (large print versions
           | of tests, etc.). I just send them my tests and they take care
           | of it. It's a great service, and absolutely crucial because I
           | simply don't have the time to customize assessments. I assume
           | they would get in touch if they were unable to retrofit
           | accessibility onto an assessment, but that hasn't happened in
           | my fifteen years of employment.
        
           | contravariant wrote:
           | The good news is that avoiding text-based assignments isn't
           | likely to last. Multimodal agents should be more than capable
           | of identifying islands by shape, or will be soon.
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | I gave Gemini a mockup of a UI and it generated the stupid
             | thing perfectly in code and CSS. Recognizing an island
             | seems trivial in comparison.
        
           | simonw wrote:
           | Yes, it's true that the one example I presented from a quiz
           | game I played at a conference 10+ years ago was not
           | accessible to some people. If I could remember the other
           | questions they used in that quiz I would share them here, but
           | that's the only one that stuck in my brain.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | > Designing "ChatGPT-proof assignments" feels to me like a
         | similar level of intellectual challenge.
         | 
         | This is indeed true. But a challenge is that few professors are
         | being given the time and training to help do this. When you are
         | on a 4/4 and just keeping your head above water you don't tend
         | to have enough time to adopt experimental pedagogies and
         | completely replan your courses. And professors are largely
         | being tasked with doing this independently rather than having
         | universities offer training or support with adjusting methods
         | to be more AI resistant. And unfortunately the fast speed of
         | development of these tools is making good ideas obsolete
         | quickly. I know some people who switch to having students make
         | podcasts rather than writing papers as a final assignment and
         | then we started seeing "create your own podcast" tools appear
         | and made it roughly as easy to cheat on this assignment as a
         | traditional paper.
        
           | simonw wrote:
           | My suggestion here isn't to have the professors do this: it's
           | for the professors to challenge their _students_ to do this.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | I am friends with an unusually large number of professors,
             | many of which are at very top institutions. The "make your
             | own pedagogy" approach for students leaves huge portions of
             | the classroom doing zero work whatsoever.
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Thats useful, thanks. Sounds like this approach won't
               | help most students.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | What was the point of having those students in the
               | classroom in the first place?
        
               | eyesofgod wrote:
               | Taking their (or their parent's) money of course
        
               | tehjoker wrote:
               | alternative strategies will have them doing work and
               | learning
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | And then forgetting. If you're not interested, you cram
               | for the test and then forget. I see little point in
               | forcing people who don't want to learn into classrooms.
               | Worth a read
               | https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/a-theoretical-case-
               | against-...
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | Interesting essay. Makes some very good points, however I
               | have to disagree with this one.
               | 
               | > ... they keep some sort of overall concept of learning.
               | This is a pretty god-of-the-gaps-ish hypothesis, and
               | counterbalanced by ...
               | 
               | The author is really missing the obvious here. Learning
               | difficult subjects fundamentally changes how you think
               | about and approach things. People aren't born able to
               | engage in critical thinking or being able to reason
               | algebraically or with an ability to navigate formal
               | logic. That doesn't mean school is the only way to impart
               | such skills, but it is certainly one of the ways.
               | 
               | Of course if the metric you use is "ability to answer
               | trivia" then you are going to fail to capture that
               | aspect.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | There really are students that will work hard when given
               | direction but will flounder when asked to fully self
               | direct.
        
           | lr4444lr wrote:
           | How does making podcasts solve anything? Students can just
           | read out what the AI writes into an audio recording.
           | 
           | Why is this problem being fretted over? In-class written and
           | oral tests should be fine to assess students. If AI helps
           | them learn or even cram the material, great!
        
             | mapt wrote:
             | One of the skills that students are typically _terrible_ at
             | is convincingly recreating the flow of a conversation that
             | is written down. Shakespeare, spoken in meter-less monotone
             | with none of the prosody that indicates actual speech by a
             | human being communicating something; Prosody you can often
             | decode even in a language you have no knowledge of. If they
             | manage to fake it convincingly for an hour-long podcast,
             | they have taught themselves acting on a level that is
             | commercially useful and honestly understand much of what is
             | being said.
             | 
             | If they are just working from AI notes and improvising the
             | conversation, arguably they are simply doing the work.
             | 
             | What I don't know is whether an instructor would be allowed
             | to earnestly grade an hour-long podcast subjectively.
        
             | simiones wrote:
             | Homework and/or project assignments are often a major
             | component of scoring for many courses.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | You can do different podcast structures than a single
             | person reading a script, which can produce some useful
             | social barriers to cheating.
             | 
             | A lot of kids also suck at cheating so the small barrier of
             | "ask ai to generate a script and then read it" appears to
             | stop a bunch of cheaters.
             | 
             | There are limitations to timed evaluations such that oral
             | exams or blue books are not panaceas.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | >on a 4/4
           | 
           | That's teaching four distinct courses?
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | A 4/4 means that you teach four classes each semester. This
             | is a pretty typical schedule for non tenure track or
             | adjunct professors in the humanities or even tenure track
             | faculty at slacs, though I've seen 5/5s before. It is _a
             | lot_ of work to update this many classes to adapt to AI.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | That seems like a crazy amount of work. Four classes, or
               | four sections of the same class?
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Depends, but it is often four distinct classes. And yeah,
               | it is a lot of work. This is why reusing preps is so
               | valuable and why it is a bit ridiculous to see people
               | demanding that professors suddenly figure out (on their
               | own) how to rewrite their syllabi to mitigate cheating
               | with AI.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Yikes.
               | 
               | My professor often taught classes with a couple sections,
               | I'd help out sometimes--even that was a ton of work,
               | pretty hard to do the main job (research) during those
               | semesters. I wonder if (given the demographics of the
               | board) folks are suggesting things from a similar place
               | of informed ignorance to me--coming from research
               | oriented STEM universities. In that case it could be
               | reasonable to say "well, the situation with our classes
               | has gotten so dire with AI, it might make sense to
               | sacrifice a semester of research to sort that all out."
               | Of course if you are already prepping for four classes,
               | there is not much slack to sacrifice...
               | 
               | In that case a lot of us would be specifically more wrong
               | than a random person plucked off the street, somebody who
               | thinks the main job of every professor is teaching.
        
         | ivape wrote:
         | _"Cannot be done with chat gpt"_
         | 
         | Is a military base the only place "no devices" can be enforced
         | or something? How deep is this addiction? I'm scared to ask
         | what the academic version of fizz-buzz would be at the end of a
         | 4 year degree, "hey write one paragraph describing a simple
         | paradox, an example of irony, or an example of a metaphor".
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >Is a military base the only place "no devices" can be
           | enforced or something?
           | 
           | I mean with the force of law, yea. Businesses get away with a
           | little bit more in places _because they pay you to show up_.
           | 
           | But if you think anyone is going to university/college to
           | have all their devices taken away all the time _and pay for
           | the privilege_ then you might be confused.
        
             | cvwright wrote:
             | No but people do pay universities for (among other things)
             | a meaningful credential that testifies to their knowledge
             | and abilities.
             | 
             | If taking away phones is what's required to make that
             | credential meaningful again, then the universities must do
             | it.
             | 
             | I think of it like a personal trainer. Do you pay them to
             | make you sweaty and sore? Not really, but sweat and
             | soreness are consequences of doing what it takes to build
             | muscle/endurance/etc.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | >meaningful credential that testifies to their knowledge
               | and abilities.
               | 
               | No they don't, or at least a significant percentage of
               | them don't. They pay the university because it is a
               | paywall between them and even getting an interview in the
               | first place.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | But that isnt a good long term strategy. If degrees hold
               | no real signal, employers are going to start noticing and
               | the value of a degree decreases.
               | 
               | So its in universities best interest to actually test for
               | competence.
               | 
               | ... In theory.
        
           | r2_pilot wrote:
           | I mean, before you get to military bases, there are Pearson's
           | testing centers that have lockers for your phone/gear and
           | proctored exams.
        
           | fc417fc802 wrote:
           | How broadly do you propose to enforce such a ban? Most
           | students do their homework at home so I'm not sure how you're
           | imagining this would work.
           | 
           | Even for exams I had my cellphone and backpack on me. You
           | just weren't allowed into them. The only exception to that in
           | my experience was exams proctored in a dedicated testing
           | center where there are lockers, multiple human observers, and
           | lots of cameras.
        
         | dleeftink wrote:
         | Among others, Howard Rheingold has been active in this space.
         | For those interested, check out the Peeragogy Handbook and the
         | post that sparked the idea[0].
         | 
         | > The more I give my teacher-power to students and encourage
         | them to take more responsibility for their own learning, the
         | more they show me how to redesign my ways of teaching
         | 
         | [0]: https://clalliance.org/blog/toward-peeragogy/
        
           | dirkc wrote:
           | It's fun to see how old that article is and that the ideas
           | still apply! Power dynamics are not considered enough when
           | people talk about education. My believe is that the more you
           | balance the power dynamic, the more learning is prioritized
           | over education.
        
             | dleeftink wrote:
             | For an even earlier account, see the learning networks
             | described by Illich (1971) in the _Deschooling Society_
             | [0].
             | 
             | [0]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deschooling_Society
        
           | homarp wrote:
           | https://bsky.app/profile/hrheingold.bsky.social/post/3lprsqu.
           | .. points to a compiled syllabus and links to recordings of
           | lectures and video chats in a free pdf, about an "intro to
           | cooperation studies":
           | https://rheingold.com/texts/IntroToCooperationStudies.pdf
        
         | sampl3username wrote:
         | I am a zoomer. Is it really that hard for everyone to _NOT_ use
         | AI? Using AI very clearly atrophies your cognitive skills.
        
           | sdenton4 wrote:
           | I'm a millennial who has watched the complete failure of my
           | generation to realize the promise of those Obama 'Hope'
           | posters.
           | 
           | "Everyone don't do X" runs into problems when there are clear
           | incentives to do X. Like, say, grades which eventually will
           | be used to determine who gets to graduate, who gets into
           | which schools, who ultimately gets easier access to higher
           | paying jobs. And simple convenience is an incentive in itself
           | - if doing X saves time, it will be the default.
           | 
           | This same dynamic is why we still have a climate crisis, even
           | though everyone has known about the problem for thirty years.
           | 
           | "Everyone just do Y" is what we call a collective action
           | problem. When there are clear incentives to defect, it is
           | also a free rider problem.
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | Reminds me of https://xkcd.com/810/
        
         | yupitsme123 wrote:
         | If a teacher knows the topic that they're teaching, then a 30
         | second talk with a student is enough to determine if the
         | student actually knows anything. Maybe "assignments" aren't the
         | best method of building and verifying knowledge.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | That comment struck me as odd if only because Plato is not
         | commonly part of the standard critical thinking curriculum.
         | Introduction to philosophy or history of philosophy yes, but
         | critical thinking no.
         | 
         | This is not to say that Plato didn't think critically. Of
         | course he did, as do all (or most) philosophers. I'm just
         | talking about university courses and textbooks.
        
         | aleph_minus_one wrote:
         | > Designing "ChatGPT-proof assignments" feels to me like a
         | similar level of intellectual challenge.
         | 
         | Designing a "mostly ChatGPT-proof class" is in my opinion
         | actually rather simple: just be inspired by the German
         | university system:
         | 
         | Each week you have to complete exercise sheets which are often
         | hard. But being capable of solving a certain quota of the
         | exercises is just the beginning: this only qualifies you for
         | being allowed to take the actual (oral or written) exam.
         | 
         | In this sense (as many professors will tell you), the basically
         | sole purpose of the quota for solving (often hard) exercise
         | sheets is actually preventing students from the "self-inflicted
         | harm" of doing an exam that they are not yet prepared for.
         | 
         | And yes: while it is forbidden to "cheat" (e.g. ChatGPT) on
         | your exercise sheets, this policy is typically not strongly
         | enforced (you will nearly always just get a unequivocal,
         | strongly worded oral reprimand by the tutor). Instead, if you
         | did this, you _will_ for sure not be prepared for the upcoming
         | exam, and flunk it (and most students are _very_ aware of
         | this).
         | 
         | Oh yeah, I didn't mention yet that if you flunked the same exam
         | typically 3 times (depending on the university), you have
         | "finally failed" (endgultig nicht bestanden), and are not
         | allowed anymore to study the same degree course at _every_
         | German university.
        
           | oceanplexian wrote:
           | > I didn't mention yet that if you flunked the same exam
           | typically 3 times (depending on the university), you have
           | "finally failed" (endgultig nicht bestanden), and are not
           | allowed anymore to study the same degree course at every
           | German university.
           | 
           | When Europeans wonder why they are falling behind the United
           | States both economically and technologically (Especially in
           | the AI race), here's a perfect example of why. A culture that
           | turns you into a some kind of a permanent failure because you
           | failed to check a box some arbitrary number of times isn't
           | one that produces innovation.
        
             | tstenner wrote:
             | Of course, the next European neighbor country where you can
             | continue your studies (even taking most of your credits
             | with you) is often only a few hundred kilometres away.
        
               | aleph_minus_one wrote:
               | If you really think that a university degree course is
               | still the right thing for you, you typically just choose
               | another "related, but different" degree course at some
               | university in the _same_ country.
               | 
               | Concerning "next European country", on the other hand,
               | keep in mind that in this country often a different
               | language is spoken; in particular for your daily life,
               | you cannot assume that everybody understands English or
               | even your native language.
        
             | xquce wrote:
             | And when Muricans wonder why the rest of the world laughs
             | at your simplestic greed based view of "winning", this
             | comment is a perfect example of why.
             | 
             | What a weird way to try and connect inter continental
             | economics and private company valuation as a sole metric
             | for success or achievement with test taking at a university
             | level in Germany...
        
               | mebizzle wrote:
               | It's weird to correlate how the idiosyncracies of a
               | deeply-rooted developmental system might affect the
               | sensibilities or perspectives of the adults that said
               | systems develop?
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | I want to agree with you. In fact I do agree with the point
             | you're making about how policies, cultural values, and
             | outcomes are intertwined.
             | 
             | However you need to realize that the country you're holding
             | up as a counterexample brands people as felons over some
             | fairly absurd things and more generally has a remarkably
             | dysfunctional justice system that exhibits precisely the
             | same cultural failures that you're objecting to here.
        
           | Balgair wrote:
           | > Designing a "mostly ChatGPT-proof class" is in my opinion
           | actually rather simple: just be inspired by the German
           | university system:
           | 
           | Now the real question is the costs. In that, can you somehow
           | make this system work at scale with the same _profit_ as
           | before? I know that the German system is a lot different than
           | in the US, including things like tracking in 9th grade and
           | below. But the real question is if the Universities make as
           | much, if not more, cash. Because if the answer is  'no', then
           | it's unlikely to be adopted.
           | 
           | > Oh yeah, I didn't mention yet that if you flunked the same
           | exam typically 3 times (depending on the university), you
           | have "finally failed" (endgultig nicht bestanden), and are
           | not allowed anymore to study the same degree course at every
           | German university.
           | 
           | That is an insanely awesome and clever idea. I love it. It
           | puts real stakes there, if only perceived ones. I imagine
           | that in the US if you flunk out of a major's classes twice or
           | more, the number of students that continue on in that major
           | is probably pretty low already though.
        
             | fc417fc802 wrote:
             | It's not clever, it's pointless red tape. I don't know if
             | it's different in Germany but at least at US universities
             | most higher level courses are part of a sequence and are
             | thus only offered at a specific time of year. Thus failing
             | delays your degree by a year and creates all sorts of
             | logistical issues for the student.
             | 
             | Doing that more than 3 times would be absurd, and anyway
             | the sort of student who has 3 F's on his transcript within
             | his chosen major is unlikely to be maintaining a GPA above
             | the minimum for his program (or any program for that
             | matter). Rather than transferring to another degree such a
             | student is likely to be forced out of the university
             | entirely in short order.
        
               | aleph_minus_one wrote:
               | > but at least at US universities most higher level
               | courses are part of a sequence and are thus only offered
               | at a specific time of year. Thus failing delays your
               | degree by a year and creates all sorts of logistical
               | issues for the student.
               | 
               | This often also holds in Germany. And indeed if you thus
               | fail an exam, your degree is delayed and you might have
               | logistical issues.
               | 
               | The moral of this: learn hard so that you don't fail
               | exams. :-)
        
           | SkyBelow wrote:
           | A complete ban feels like overkill. A cooldown period of X
           | years would give someone time to reconsider and grow as a
           | person.
           | 
           | Granted, this is without consider the financial side of
           | things.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | As a professor of Computer Science, I'm about ready to allow my
         | students to use AI -- if you can't beat 'em, join 'em. But
         | they're not going to like it, because what I'm going to do is
         | significantly raise the bar.
         | 
         | For the last several years I've been allowing students (college
         | sophomores) to do take home exams where they essentially have
         | to build a networked system in C++. I tell them not to use AI
         | but I have to assume they are.
         | 
         | Even still, the solutions are not all that great, despite
         | unlimited time and resources, they still submit work that falls
         | into a roughly B average. Which, if they didn't have AI, maybe
         | that would be a C average, so perhaps the standards just need
         | to go up. Still, it's not like they're all getting 100%.
         | 
         | AI is still really only as good as the person driving it, and
         | it still, despite all the hype, hallucinates like crazy, such
         | that if they don't pay close attention and constantly course
         | correct, they can't expect the project to actually work.
        
       | quanto wrote:
       | > Today, engineers working on AI systems also need to think
       | deeply and critically about the relationship between language and
       | culture and the history and philosophy of technology. When they
       | fail to do so, their systems literally start to break down.
       | 
       | Perhaps so. But not in the (quasi-)academic sense that the author
       | is thinking. It's not the lack of an engineer's academic
       | knowledge in history and philosophy that makes an AI system fail.
       | 
       | > Then there's the newfound ability of non-technical people in
       | the humanities to write their own code. This is a bigger deal
       | than many in my field seem to recognize. I suspect this will
       | change soon. The emerging generation of historians will simply
       | take it for granted that they can create their own custom
       | research and teaching tools and deploy them at will, more or less
       | for free.
       | 
       | This is the lede buried deep inside the article. When the basic
       | coding skill (or any skill) is commoditized, it's the people with
       | complementary skills that benefit the most.
        
         | treyd wrote:
         | > When the basic coding skill (or any skill) is commoditized,
         | it's the people with complementary skills that benefit the
         | most.
         | 
         | I think that "knowing how to ask good questions" that you then
         | solve has always been a valuable skill.
        
         | ReptileMan wrote:
         | >The emerging generation of historians will simply take it for
         | granted that they can create their own custom research and
         | teaching tools and deploy them at will, more or less for free.
         | 
         | And they will spend 12 hours trying to figure out which is the
         | fake python library and the citation that the LLM has
         | hallucinated from the real one. Vibe coding is just WYSIWYG on
         | steroids in good and bad. WYSIWYG didn't go anywhere.
        
           | mastazi wrote:
           | > which is the fake python library and the citation that the
           | LLM has hallucinated from the real one. Vibe coding is just
           | WYSIWYG on steroids
           | 
           | Maybe you haven't used AI coding tools in a while, the latest
           | ones can run build tools, write and run unit tests, run
           | linters, and will try and fix any errors that may arise
           | during those steps. Of course it's possible that a library
           | may have been been hallucinated, but this will just trigger
           | an error during the build job and the AI agent will go back
           | and fix it. Same thing for failing unit tests.
           | 
           | Just last week I saw Copilot fixing a failing unit test, then
           | running the test, then making some more changes and repeating
           | the process until the test was running successfully. At some
           | point during this process, it asked me if it could install a
           | VS Code extension so that it could run the test by itself, I
           | agreed then it went from there until the issue was resolved.
           | This was with the bottom-tier free version of Copilot.
           | 
           | Of course there are limits to what AI tools can do, but they
           | are evolving all the time and at some point in a not too
           | distant future they will be good enough in most cases.
           | 
           | Regarding hallucinated citations, I imagine that the problem
           | can be solved by allowing the LLM to access and verify
           | citations, then the agent can fix its own hallucinations just
           | like most coding agents already do.
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | You have one skill that no historian possess - the
             | intuition what could go wrong and how and what to do if
             | there is hiccup on this chain
        
           | vineyardmike wrote:
           | > WYSIWYG didn't go anywhere
           | 
           | Like MS Word?
           | 
           | These are pretty easy to solve problems tbh. LLM tools
           | already exist that can work around "hallucinating libraries"
           | effectively, not that this a real concern. It's not magic,
           | but these tired skeptic takes are just not based on reality.
           | 
           | It's much more likely that LLMs will be used to supercharge
           | visualizations with custom UIs and widgets, or in conjunction
           | with things like MS excel for data analysis. Non-engineers
           | won't be vibe-coding a database anytime soon, but they could
           | be making a PWA that marketing can use to add a filter on
           | photos or help guide a biologist towards a python script to
           | sort pictures of specimens based on an OpenCV model.
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | It's really embarrassing to put a stake in these. It's like
           | when Gary Marcus said that an image generator won't be able
           | to draw a horse riding an astronaut and will make the
           | astronaut ride the horse because that is a more frequent
           | pattern in the training set. Or when an urban legend
           | (academic legend?) started that state of the art classifiers
           | misclassify cows when they are on sandy beaches and it only
           | works on grass (it happened in some cases with small datasets
           | and shortcut learning but there was no sota image classifier
           | with such glaring and straightforward errors, but it trickled
           | down to popular consciousness and grade school teaching
           | materials on AI limitations.) Now it's about hallucinating
           | nonexistent libraries. But reasoning models and RAG and large
           | contexts and web search make this much less of an issue. The
           | limitations everyone point at that trickle down to a
           | soundbite that everyone repeats usually don't turn out to be
           | fundamental limitations at all.
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | It is not about fundamental limitations. It is about black
             | boxes and magic. If you don't understand a system then you
             | know not what lurks within and how it can bite you in the
             | ass. Black boxes break - and when they break, you are
             | helpless.
             | 
             | If you already know how to build software LLM are a
             | godsend. I have actually had a quite a nice case recently
             | when LLM invented some quite nice imaginary graphql
             | mutators. I had enough experience in the field to not waste
             | time debugging, a historian that hadn't shipped software
             | before won't.
             | 
             | There were WYSIWYG before, before them was visual
             | programming - we have tried to abstract that pesky
             | complexity since forever. So far with no success. I don't
             | see anything in LLM/Gen AI whatever that will change it. It
             | will make good people more productive, it would make sloppy
             | sloppier, it won't make people bad at solving problems good
             | at it.
        
               | bonoboTP wrote:
               | Yes, the consequences will be that mediocre devs will
               | have a harder time finding jobs. The higher skilled will
               | be fine (for some time at least), but the trend is clear.
               | LLMs are going to make the top engineers more effective
               | and the less skilled will have less and less to
               | contribute. The skill floor for useful contributions is
               | rising. Just like in other industries. Most of the
               | world's software projects aren't at the forefront of
               | humanity's knowledge that needs brilliant minds. It's
               | integration, dependencies, routing around edge cases,
               | churning out some embedded code for another device,
               | mostly standard stuff but enough differences that
               | previous automation paradigms couldn't handle the
               | uniqueness. LLMs plus a few highly skilled people (who
               | know how to prompt them effectively) will get it done in
               | less time than a team does today.
               | 
               | It's not that LLMs turn low skilled people into geniuses,
               | it's that a large segment of even those with enough
               | cognitive skills to work in software today will no longer
               | have marketable skill levels. The experienced good ones
               | will have some, but a lot won't.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | I am generally pretty skeptical of ai coding. At my job I'm
           | resisting it pretty constantly. However, my wife is a
           | historian with minimal programming skills and these tools
           | have allowed her to build some things that she'd never have
           | been able to build without them (without spending a
           | thoroughly unreasonable amount of time learning). Sometimes
           | she comes to me with some code that is clearly just totally
           | wrong but most of the time she's able to stumble her way to
           | something useful for exploring her documents and data. Then
           | we just do a code review before anything goes into a
           | publication to check that it is actually doing what she
           | intends.
        
         | lwo32k wrote:
         | The kids are not even trying to do either. They are already
         | gravitating towards multidisciplinary teams, cause unlike past
         | generations they are dealing with a rate of change at a totally
         | different level. In such an environment, people get to see
         | their own limitations much faster no matter the quality of
         | their training and they end up having to rely on others.
         | 
         | The big challenge is getting very different people with ever
         | growing different skillsets and interests to coordinate, stay
         | in sync and row in one direction.
        
         | sdoering wrote:
         | The field of history had their - oh, this is a thing - moment
         | quite a few decades ago with Hayden White. It is a good example
         | of the underlying issue.
         | 
         | Hayden White's assertion that "history is fiction" was (and
         | still is) a complex one, not intended to dismiss the factual
         | accuracy of historical narratives (as it is more often than not
         | portraied).
         | 
         | Instead, it highlights the interpretive nature of historical
         | writing and the way historians shape their accounts of the past
         | through literary and rhetorical techniques. White argues that
         | historians, like novelists, use narrative structures and
         | stylistic devices to construct meaning from historical events.
        
         | HexPhantom wrote:
         | The failures we see in AI systems usually come from neglecting
         | real-world complexity
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | Basically a reformulation of Joel Spolsky's "commoditize your
         | complement".
        
       | throw8393949 wrote:
       | > My idea is that students will read Darwin's writings first,
       | then demonstrate what they learned via the choices they make in
       | game. To progress, you must embody the real epistemologies and
       | knowledge of a 19th century naturalist.
       | 
       | It is kind of funny, since modern sociology and humanities are in
       | a deep denial of theory of evolution, Darwinism and any of its
       | implications.
       | 
       | > producing a generation of students who have simply never
       | experienced the feeling of focused intellectual work.
       | 
       | This was already blamed on phones. Some study said like 30% of
       | university graduates are functionally illiterate; they are unable
       | to read book, and hold its content in memory long enough to
       | understand it!
        
       | bios444 wrote:
       | Yes
        
       | carbonguy wrote:
       | I spent some years as a teacher and so have some first-hand
       | experience here; my take, for what it's worth, is that LLMs have
       | indeed blown a gaping hole in the structure of education as
       | actually practiced in the USA. That hole is: much of education is
       | based on the assumption that the unsupervised production of
       | written artifacts is proof of progress in learning. LLMs can
       | produce those artifacts now, incidentally disrupting the paid
       | essay-writing industry (one assumes).
       | 
       | From this, I agree with the article - since educators now have to
       | figure out another hook to hang evaluation on, the questions
       | "what the hell does it mean to 'learn', anyway?" and "how the
       | hell do we meaningfully measure that 'learning', whatever it is?"
       | have even more salience, and the humanities certainly have
       | something meaningful to say on both of them. I'll (puckishly)
       | predict that recitations and verbal examinations are going to
       | make a comeback - harder to game at this point, but then, who
       | knows how long 'this point' will last?
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | The definition of learning has not changed. One of our first
         | written records is a man complaining that this newfangled
         | writing thing will make the students lazy, they will no longer
         | have to remember their studies.
         | 
         | Education will adapt.
        
           | palmotea wrote:
           | > One of our first written records is a man complaining that
           | this newfangled writing thing will make the students lazy,
           | they will no longer have to remember their studies.
           | 
           | And if your summary is correct, he was right. If you don't
           | remember what you've learned (i.e. integrate it into your
           | mind), you haven't learned anything. You're just, say, a book
           | operator.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | The solution has been around a very long time: closed-book
           | tests (verbal or written). Works against LLMs too!
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Exactly my point. It sometimes takes time for education to
             | adapt to new tools. Writing, calculators, search engines,
             | etc. I was in the last semester to learn mechanical
             | drawing, the next semester learned CAD. Education adapts.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | """Solution"""
             | 
             | The particular problem here is the number of staff needed
             | to actually administer and grade these kinds of tests.
             | We're already talking about how expensive education is,
             | just wait till this happens.
        
           | bazoom42 wrote:
           | What record is that? Just out of curiosity.
        
             | gm678 wrote:
             | https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/plato-rhetoric/#Pha
        
             | empath75 wrote:
             | https://fs.blog/an-old-argument-against-writing/
        
         | Zorass wrote:
         | For a long time, schools assumed that if a student turned in a
         | written essay, it meant they had learned something. But now AI
         | can write those essays too ,so that assumption doesn't hold up
         | anymore.
         | 
         | The real question is: if writing alone doesn't prove learning,
         | then what does?
         | 
         | Maybe we'll see a return to oral exams or live discussions. Not
         | because they're perfect, but because they're harder to fake.
         | 
         | In a way, AI didn't ruin education it just exposed problems
         | that were already there.
        
         | empath75 wrote:
         | A shockingly large percentage of education in the US is
         | teaching kids to produce bullshit essays, so it's no surprise
         | that AI is blowing a hole in it.
        
           | kouru225 wrote:
           | Bingo. If you want to just write an essay, then ChatGPT is
           | perfect. If you want to write an essay that says something
           | very particular, then ChatGPT starts to give you issues
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | I think the main subject of that hole is _objectivity_ , and it
         | affects much more than education.
         | 
         | By obsessively structuring education around measurement, we
         | have implied that what is taught is objective fact. That's
         | always been bullshit, but - for the most part - it's been
         | consistent enough with itself to function. The more strict your
         | presentation of knowledge is, the more it can pretend to be
         | truly objective. Because a teacher has total authority over the
         | methodology of learning, this consistency can be preserved.
         | 
         | The reality has always been that anything written is
         | subjective. The only way to learn objective fact is to explore
         | it through many subjective representations. This is obvious to
         | anyone who learns mathematics: you don't just see x^2+y^2=z^2,
         | and suddenly understand the implications of the Pythagorean
         | theorem.
         | 
         | Because objectivity can't be written, objectivity is not
         | computable. We can't give a computer several subjective
         | representations of a concept, and have it figure it out. This
         | is the same problem as ambiguity: there is no objectively
         | correct way to compute an ambiguous statement. This is why we
         | write in programming languages: each programming language
         | grammar is "context-free", which means that everything must be
         | completely and explicitly defined. To write a computable
         | statement, we must subject the abstract concept in mind to the
         | language (grammar and environment) we write it in.
         | 
         | Most of the writing in our society is done with software.
         | Because of this, we are implicitly encouraged to establish
         | shared context. If what we write is consistent with the context
         | of others' writing, it can pretend to be objective, and be more
         | computable. Social interactions that are facilitated by
         | software are also implicitly structured by that software's
         | structure. There can be no true free-form dialogue in social
         | media.
         | 
         | The exciting thing about LLMs is that they don't have this
         | problem. They conveniently dodge it, by not doing any logic at
         | all! Now instead of the software subjecting you to a strict
         | environment, it subjects you to a _familiar_ one. There is no
         | truth, only vibes. There is no calculation, only guesses. This
         | _feels_ a lot like objectivity, but it 's just a new facade.
         | The difference is that the boundary is somewhere new and
         | unfamiliar.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | I think the death of objectivity is good progress overall. It's
         | been a long time coming. Strict structure has always been
         | overrated. The best way to learn is to explore as many
         | perspectives as you can find. We humans can work with vibes
         | _and_ logic, _together_.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > > _Maintain professionalism and grounded honesty that best
       | represents OpenAI and its values._
       | 
       | I think a humanities person could tell you in an instant how that
       | part of the system prompt would backfire catastrophically (in a
       | near-future rogue-AI sci-fi story kind of way), exactly because
       | of the way it's worded.
       | 
       | In that scenario, the fall of humanity before the machines wasn't
       | entirely due to hubris. The ultimate trigger was a smarmy
       | throwaway phrase, which instructed the Internet-enabled machine
       | to gaze into the corporate soul of its creator, and emulate it.
       | :)
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | That's what would happen if it was a logical system. It's not.
         | This is where it gets interesting.
         | 
         | Instead, it's a statistical model, and including that prompt is
         | more like a narrative weight than a logical demand. By
         | including these words in this order, the model will be more
         | likely to explore narratives that are statistically likely to
         | follow them, with that likelihood determined by the content the
         | model was trained on, and the extra redistribution of weights
         | via training.
         | 
         | We don't really need to worry about technically misstating our
         | objectives to an LLM. It doesn't follow objectivity. Instead,
         | we need to be concerned about misrepresenting the overall vibe,
         | which is a much more mysterious task.
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | _When I was a postdoc at Columbia, I taught one of the core
       | curriculum classes mentioned here, with a reading list that
       | included over a dozen weighty tomes (one week was spent on the
       | Bible, the next week on the Quran, another on Thomas Aquinas, and
       | so on). There wasn't much that was fun or easy about it._
       | 
       | This sums up the problem. It's not fun and the only thing that
       | matters is the credential anyway , so unsurprisingly students are
       | outsourcing to drudgery to AI. In the past it was CliffsNotes.
       | The business model of college-to-career needs to be overhauled.
       | 
       | The humanities are important, yet at the same time, not everyone
       | should be req. to study them. AI arguably makes it easier to
       | learn, so think this is a welcome development.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The author is talking mostly about teaching history. But what he
       | describes as teaching history is more like history appreciation.
       | It's not about how to use history as an aid to prediction. It's
       | more about studying the "classics", from Cicero onwards.
       | 
       | Military officers study much history, but in a different way.
       | They look for mistakes. Why did someone lose a battle or a war?
       | Why did they even get into that particular battle? Why was the
       | situation prior to WWI so strategically unstable that the killing
       | of a minor player touched off a world war? The traditional
       | teaching of history tends to focus on the winners, especially if
       | they write well. Reading what the losers wrote, or what was
       | written about them, can be more productive than reading the
       | winners.
       | 
       | If you want to understand Cicero's era, for example, read [1].
       | This is a study of Cicero by an experienced and cynical newspaper
       | political reporter. The author writes that too many historians
       | take Cicero's speeches at face value. The author knows better,
       | having heard many politicians of his own day.
       | 
       | This sort of approach tends to take one out of the area where
       | LLMs are most useful, because, as yet, they're not that good at
       | detecting sycophancy.
       | 
       | [1] https://archive.org/details/thiswasciceromod0000henr
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | > It's not about how to use history as an aid to prediction.
         | 
         | This is not what academic historians generally do. The study of
         | history tells us about the story of humanity and exists for
         | wider reasons than direct application to decision making today.
         | This is even true for military history, which is among the
         | slowest subfields at adopting new methods and practices.
        
           | sdoering wrote:
           | Thanks. Came here to say that. Having studied history - esp.
           | in a time where Hayden White's assertion that "history is
           | fiction" was strongly (and sometimes emotionally) discussed
           | in between students and professors alike, taught me, that -
           | while we might learn from history - that that is not the
           | reason to "do" history.
           | 
           | I also learned to appreciate history on a fundamentally
           | different level than I did, when I loved history as a subject
           | in school. But that would lead too far out from this thread
           | here.
           | 
           | I can relate to the original piece, because - while I use AI
           | daily for work and in private life - I also see the dangers.
           | Yes, it is a new medium - and I heard roughly the same
           | critique about the internet, when I was at university - but I
           | think it is quite a fundamentally different paradigm shift
           | that we are living through.
           | 
           | I feel (used intentionaly here) it is more like the invention
           | of the printing press (from an societal impact standpoint)
           | than the dissemination of the internet into the wider
           | society. But that is just my current working hypothesis.
        
             | quanto wrote:
             | > while we might learn from history - that that is not the
             | reason to "do" history.
             | 
             | If we don't learn from history, why do we do history? Is it
             | a form of pure entertainment, i.e. of arts? If so, does
             | that give more credence to White's argument?
             | 
             | I have had a PhD colleague who genuinely believed that
             | history ought to be (in the philosophical normative sense)
             | contributing to national propaganda, thus of national
             | interest. By extension, this is why history departments
             | should be funded by tax dollars.
        
               | galaxyLogic wrote:
               | I agree that goal should be to "learn from history" but
               | not in the narrow sense of how could a specific
               | historical catastrophe could have been avoided. We need a
               | general understanding of histopry because it helps us
               | understand human behavior in general. It helps us
               | understand ourselves.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | A fun party game is to get some pure mathematicians
               | together, speculate loudly that they must be motivated in
               | their work by the numerous practical applications of
               | maths and watch cheekily to see which of their faces fail
               | to conceal the spasm of fury. 1 point per asymmetric eye
               | twitch.
               | 
               | They're academics, their job is to make true statements
               | and maintain a culture that cares a lot about whether
               | their colleagues can prove them false. Beyond that, it is
               | hard to figure out what purpose they might be fulfilling.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > If we don't learn from history, why do we do history?
               | 
               | Historians uncover and communicate the story of humanity
               | in as rich and diverse of a way as possible. This is, in
               | my mind, somewhat comparable to the process of doing pure
               | math research or fundamental physics research. While
               | there may be practical outcomes for today (either
               | unexpected or intended as a goal of a particular research
               | direction), we also understand that doing math for its
               | own purposes is valuable.
               | 
               | The process of doing archival research, putting sources
               | in dialog with other research, and even simply reading
               | secondary source writing achieves some positive outcomes.
               | It widens and deepens empathy for the rich diversity of
               | human behavior. It builds skills for critical analysis of
               | media and communication. It can provide narrative and
               | argument for people advocating for change today (both
               | good and bad). But these do not need to be the reasons
               | why we embark on history research. They are side outcomes
               | of undirected analysis.
               | 
               | I'll also add that concern about "history departments
               | funded by tax dollars" is just factually unfounded. My
               | wife is a history and the size of grants is _hilarious_
               | coming from my background in CS. Like, a grant for
               | $2,000-$5,000 would be considered chunky. And grants are
               | often coming from weird places like random corporations
               | or donor funding rather than from the government. The NEH
               | was already basically dead before Trump 2.0 and now is
               | dead and buried. People upset about academic history can
               | rest easy knowing that there aren 't historians living
               | large on your tax dollars.
        
               | IggleSniggle wrote:
               | One of the primary advantages of having a software
               | engineer (or lawyer, for that matter) on staff isn't that
               | they produce software, not exactly. It's that they guide
               | the flow of process, and can adapt the river as needed to
               | keep the business running smoothly.
               | 
               | Historians, imho, serve a similar purpose for society at
               | large. They digest the information of the past to make
               | sense of it for today, and sometimes they build dams that
               | redirect the informational flow of future history.
        
               | oersted wrote:
               | That's a good point, beyond prediction, history does have
               | utility for surfacing "shared stories" that bring people
               | together. Let's not underestimate the real-world impact
               | of such stories. Most big societal movements, both very
               | good and very bad, have been fueled by shared history, or
               | the making of shared history.
               | 
               | What's tricky is that indeed such stories need not be
               | factual to be powerful, just as long as they resonate
               | well-enough with the current "common-sense" and have some
               | kind authority behind it giving it credence.
               | 
               | Historians do have an important responsibility here in
               | making sure that people are aware of the real story so
               | that they are not easily manipulated, just like
               | journalists have a similar responsibility in a democracy,
               | fourth estate and all.
        
               | CaptArmchair wrote:
               | Oh, it's not just the "big stories". History is a pretty
               | big flag that covers a lot of territory. At heart,
               | history is about asking perennial questions like "where
               | do we come from?", "how did the past shape us today?" and
               | "how could the past inform us?".
               | 
               | This is true on an individual as well as a collective
               | level, and goes well beyond academia. Consider genealogy
               | & family history, local and regional culture and
               | traditions, remembrance,... There is always a personal
               | connection, and that tends to become extremely tangible
               | in individual stories. Whether that's finding a lost
               | relative, honoring one's culture, or just being able to
               | empathize with the lives of people who are centuries gone
               | and discovering that they weren't all that different from
               | us today.
               | 
               | Historians do carry a big responsibility. That's why
               | accountability is at the heart of anyone who does
               | historical research on a professional level; or are
               | motivated to spread their interpretation of the
               | historical record well beyond a few listeners. That's why
               | historians are instilled with a reflex to keep a
               | pragmatic attitude and ask critical questions.
        
             | jhanschoo wrote:
             | > Hayden White's assertion that "history is fiction"
             | 
             | Your comment made me dig up "Historical text as literary
             | artifact".
             | 
             | I have several thoughts on that, but one very important
             | analogy stood out to me and is succinct enough to comment
             | here. In statistics, one talks about the population,
             | collecting data (sampling from the popluation), and
             | building a model from the collected data. You may have
             | guessed that the collected data alone does not typically
             | make much sense, but for the patterns encapsulated by the
             | model, which then has explanatory power; yet among the
             | three classes I mentioned, it is the most fictitious and
             | constructed for a particular goal, the most inauthentic.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | The thing is, this statistics data-to-model only works on
               | large datasets.
               | 
               | History deals with very small, very heterogeneous
               | datasets. Finding patterns in them (if they even exist)
               | is very difficult, and it's _why_ historical models and
               | grand unified theories are so often bunk.
        
         | spankibalt wrote:
         | > Military officers study much history, but in a different way.
         | They look for mistakes.
         | 
         | Amongst other things...
        
         | FranzFerdiNaN wrote:
         | > It's not about how to use history as an aid to prediction.
         | 
         | Because this isnt the goal of history. You cant use history to
         | predict the future.
         | 
         | > If you want to understand Cicero's era, for example, read
         | [1]. This is a study of Cicero by an experienced and cynical
         | newspaper political reporter. The author writes that too many
         | historians take Cicero's speeches at face value. The author
         | knows better, having heard many politicians of his own day.
         | 
         | No they dont. This is yet another example of an outsider
         | looking at another field, thinking he knows better and making a
         | fool of himself. Also, why would you ignore 80 years of
         | scholarship about Cicero and read a book from 1942???
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >You cant use history to predict the future.
           | 
           | I mean this statement is somewhat false.
           | 
           | If I show you a picture of a cup from 100 ms ago and it's in
           | midair probability favors that the cup will be on it's way to
           | the ground to its demise. Statistically this will be true.
           | 
           | History is filled with analogous times where by watching the
           | present you can make predictions far better than flipping a
           | coin.
        
         | _elephant wrote:
         | It makes a good point by separating history as strategic
         | analysis from history as cultural appreciation. Most teaching
         | today leans toward the latter, which is also easier for AI to
         | replicate. But the most valuable historical thinking often
         | comes from uncomfortable questions failure, unintended
         | consequences, and perspectives that usually get ignored.
        
         | HexPhantom wrote:
         | When history is approached as a pattern of decisions, risks,
         | and consequences (not just narratives) it starts to feel a lot
         | more relevant to other complex domains, including AI itself.
         | And yeah, studying the losers (or the overlooked) often yields
         | more insight than lionizing the winners.
        
         | surgical_fire wrote:
         | > But what he describes as teaching history is more like
         | history appreciation. It's not about how to use history as an
         | aid to prediction. It's more about studying the "classics",
         | from Cicero onwards.
         | 
         | How are those things dissociated?
         | 
         | I always saw history as a waht to explain "why things are the
         | way they are". Whatever we are now, this amalgamation of good
         | or bad things, is a consequence of what came before.
         | 
         | Is "studying the classics" from a historical standpoint even
         | done for "appreciation"? I always presumed that one should do
         | so critically, and that's more or less what I found from actual
         | historians.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | The "explain how we got here" approach to history has some
           | pretty big limitations. The historical actors had no idea
           | where the future was going. When we examine their actions
           | from the perspective of the single contingency that ended up
           | happening we will almost necessarily miss meaningful
           | understanding and make things seem inevitable when they
           | really weren't.
           | 
           | There's interesting writing to be done in this mode but it is
           | definitely not the primary mode.
        
             | surgical_fire wrote:
             | > The historical actors had no idea where the future was
             | going.
             | 
             | Does it matter in order to explain how things came to be?
             | 
             | Understanding their motivations, the incentives that led
             | them to do what they did, the sociopolitical context they
             | were inserted into, the limitations of a historical
             | perspective (quite often the accounts of past historical
             | figures were written by people invested in portraying it in
             | one way or another).
             | 
             | All those things would help, when looking at history
             | critically, to make some sense of the present and where
             | things might be going in the future.
             | 
             | In a sense, things that happened were inevitable because
             | they came to pass. We are not talking about a possibility,
             | we are talking about a certainty long after the fact.
             | Understanding that it might have been avoided in some ways
             | can be helpful, but also is an exercise in wishful thinking
             | and guesswork.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | > Does it matter in order to explain how things came to
               | be?
               | 
               | Yes. Writing on historiography has been detailed about
               | the ways that this sort of framing can be limiting.
        
         | BeFlatXIII wrote:
         | Studying the winners is also a surefire way to learn only
         | survivorship bias.
        
       | bgwalter wrote:
       | Another day, another Substack ad by this "science historian",
       | naturally with a quote by AI shill Simon Willison. The entire
       | world rests on his shoulders.
        
       | Caelus9 wrote:
       | I think that when a new era comes, we should choose to embrace it
       | actively. Today, the humanities face unprecedented challenges,
       | but they also contain new opportunities. The rise of artificial
       | intelligence has undoubtedly subverted traditional teaching
       | methods, but it also forces us to rethink a fundamental question:
       | What is the real value of the humanities? As a historian at
       | Princeton University once pointed out, artificial intelligence
       | can process data and generate text, but it can never replace
       | human subjective experience, moral judgment, and our exploration
       | of meaning, such as questions like "Who am I?" In the final
       | analysis, the value of the humanities may not be "useful" in the
       | traditional sense, but in helping us better understand ourselves
       | and the world we live in.
        
       | HexPhantom wrote:
       | When effort becomes optional, so does growth. And the quote from
       | the student who sees college as networking with a side of AI-
       | cheating? Painfully on the nose. There's a real risk of LLMs
       | flattening the educational journey into a kind of performance
       | optimization game
        
         | phito wrote:
         | > There's a real risk of LLMs flattening the educational
         | journey into a kind of performance optimization game
         | 
         | It's already been the case for a long time, it's just going to
         | get worse.
        
       | wisty wrote:
       | A lazy physics teacher can make every question a math question in
       | disguise. If a physics teacher is worried that a better
       | calculator will make their test trivial, maybe they need to teach
       | physics instead of testing math.
       | 
       | A lazy humanities teacher can make every question a writing
       | question in disguise. If a better spell checker will make a
       | humanities assessment trivial, then maybe they need to teach
       | humanities instead of testing essay writing.
       | 
       | I'm saying this in a kinda inflammatory way, but does the quality
       | of ones ideas really correlate well with a well written essay?
        
         | shortrounddev2 wrote:
         | I think if you removed the economic incentive to cheat then
         | humanities wouldn't have the problem it does with LLMs
        
           | wizzwizz4 wrote:
           | There's _always_ an incentive to cheat: economic,
           | reputational... people cheat in _single-player video games_.
           | People cheat in _sudoku puzzles_. By removing all incentives,
           | all you do is destroy the concept of  "cheating", not prevent
           | the behaviour.
        
             | teaearlgraycold wrote:
             | It's definitionally not cheating if it's a single player
             | environment. That's like saying skipping to the end of a
             | movie is cheating.
        
             | Timwi wrote:
             | I think you've listed several disparate incentives that
             | should be looked at separately.
             | 
             | Economic incentives are what this thread is about. If those
             | are removed, some instances of cheating will subside.
             | 
             | Reputational incentives are similar and harder to address,
             | but they are also less strong because the cheating has a
             | much higher chance to backfire. If you are found out, your
             | economic benefits might continue, but your reputation is
             | immediately damaged.
             | 
             | Singleplayer games are an entirely different situation.
             | There's clearly no economic incentive here, and
             | reputational incentive only applies if you are looking to
             | share your singleplayer result with other people, in which
             | case I could argue it's no longer singleplayer in the game
             | theoretic sense. If it's not that, the only remaining
             | motivation to cheat at something like Sudoku or a
             | singleplayer videogame is to learn or at least satisfy an
             | itch or curiosity, which I think is a perfectly legitimate
             | motivation.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | >Economic incentives are what this thread is about.
               | 
               | You cannot remove economic incentives for the most part,
               | 'economy' is attached to all facets of peoples lives,
               | especially where rival goods exist.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | You forgot laziness.
        
         | this15testingg wrote:
         | equating chatgpt to "a better spell checker" is wild; how is
         | writing not also a skill that should be taught?
        
           | teaearlgraycold wrote:
           | It's the thinking that precedes writing that should be the
           | bulk of your grade. Possessing what looks like an artifact of
           | organized thought isn't enough these days to evaluate a
           | student.
        
             | ordinaryradical wrote:
             | The "thinking that precedes the writing" is not where the
             | gold is. That kind of thinking is often confused,
             | internally inconsistent, liable to miss critical details or
             | nuance, and full of deductive leaps which may or may not
             | pan out. Writing demands rigor of thought, it forces us to
             | question premises, find evidence for a point of view,
             | discern between the hypothetical and the factual, and try
             | to organize these such that they cohere.
             | 
             | The thinking _is_ the writing. To be able to write is to be
             | able to think, and if you are surrendering the writing to a
             | machine that's not ultimately what you're surrendering--
             | you're giving up independent thought itself.
        
               | teaearlgraycold wrote:
               | You misunderstand. I mean the thinking that you say "_is_
               | the writing". But the final words aren't the thoughts
               | that you should be graded on (aka "this is not a pipe",
               | but your essay is not your thoughts). What a new
               | assessment could look like is an open book debate with a
               | human (or, hell, with a rubber duck LLM). If at the end
               | your thoughts are organized and self consistent you've
               | done well.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | I agree that professors can probably develop ai resistant
         | evaluations.
         | 
         | But there is minimal institutional support for this. Everybody
         | is going it on their own. And the ai tools are changing
         | rapidly. Telling a ntt faculty member teaching a 4/4 that they
         | just need to stop being lazy and redo their entire evaluation
         | method is not really workable.
         | 
         | Iteration is also slow. You do a new syllabus to try to
         | discourage cheating. You run the course for a semester. You see
         | the results with now just a few weeks to turn around for your
         | spring semester courses. At best you get one iteration cycle
         | per six months. More likely it is one per year since it is
         | basically impossible to meaningfully digest the outcome of what
         | you tried and to meaningfully try something different mere
         | weeks later.
        
           | wrp wrote:
           | I've been urging this kind of adaptation for the past couple
           | years, with very little success. Switching to evaluation by
           | only on-site work was simple to do, but creating new work
           | forms has been largely a non-starter. Young professors are
           | focused on their publication count and most old codgers (like
           | me) have their eyes on retirement and hoping to escape before
           | accountability hits the fan. When I offer to help explore
           | restructuring their teaching materials, the typical response
           | is glazed eyes and sudden awareness of the need to be
           | elsewhere.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Yeah, I've been thinking about when the calculator came to
         | bear. I was in high school physics when (rich) kids started
         | bringing in "scientific" calculators. There was a flap then
         | about whether they should be allowed at all.
         | 
         | I'm not sure they are analogous to LLMs, but a compelling
         | argument at the time was that the students were going to use
         | them in the field anyway. (That certainly seems to be the
         | future for software engineering students.)
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | What needs to happen is a return to a more Socratic method of
         | teaching the humanities.
         | 
         | Instead of being about the consumption and production of texts
         | -- texts which only the TA and maybe the prof will read ...
         | ever -- the class should be more about the dialectical process
         | of discussing the ideas in the texts and lectures the students
         | consume.
         | 
         | An LLM will be able to easily rattle off an undergrad level
         | paper. But it can't sit in the classroom and have an
         | intelligent conversation with peers.
         | 
         | Of course none of this will happen because it doesn't scale
         | economically nearly as well. It is far more labour intensive.
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | What most people don't know about history & humanities is how
       | much work there is to do.
       | 
       | People get (rightly!) excited about decoding burnt scrolls in
       | Herculaneum. But most don't realize that less than 10% of Neo-
       | Latin texts from the renaissance to the early modern period have
       | been translated to English.
       | 
       | One example: Marsilio Ficino was a brilliant philosopher who was
       | hired by Cosimo Medici to translate Greek texts (Plato, Plotinus,
       | the Hermetica, etc) into Latin. This had a massive impact on the
       | renaissance and European enlightenment. But many of Ficino's own
       | texts have not been translated to English!
       | 
       | LLMs will, of course, have a massive impact on this... but so can
       | students! Any student can make a meaningful contribution if they
       | care to. There is so much to be discovered and unpacked.
       | Unfortunately, so much of the humanities in high school is
       | treated as an exercise rather than real discovery. I judge my
       | students now based on _how much I learn from them._ Why not?
        
         | verisimi wrote:
         | The history we have inevitably passes through bottlenecks. Much
         | is left out, edited away, embellished.
         | 
         | We have no idea what happened over 500 years ago, but the idea
         | of a brilliant scholar translating the Greek texts on behalf of
         | the Medicis, shouldn't simply be accepted as stated. If you are
         | running the world (like the Medicis did) history would be a
         | lever of control. It seems inevitable that the stories should
         | be directed (carefully) towards whatever ends.
         | 
         | History is actually a present day activity - it provides the
         | backdrop to the present. Altering that backdrop has present
         | value.
         | 
         | I can't see how ai will help us the endeavour of trying to get
         | a better handle on what happened in the past. I do see how it
         | would provide modern-day Medicis a way to change the backdrop
         | more quickly.
        
           | dr_dshiv wrote:
           | > I can't see how ai will help us the endeavour of trying to
           | get a better handle on what happened in the past.
           | 
           | Well, AI democratizes the power of translation (and
           | interrogating texts). Before only a few specialists could go
           | directly to the source. Now anyone can try to make sense of
           | it.
        
             | verisimi wrote:
             | We don't get to the source. Have you ever personally seen
             | any historical sources? Eg the sources for classical
             | writings or the Bible? At best you get high resolution
             | imagery provided by suspicious folks such as RB Toth.
             | 
             | If the source is corrupt - as I suggest and as is possible
             | because the Medicis provided/sanctioned their version - all
             | you have is interpretation based on flawed data. Endless
             | production of information (by ai) based on flawed sources
             | (this is our history) only serves to increase the haystack
             | rather than helping you to converge on truth.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Paleography, transcription, and translation are hellishly
           | difficult to learn and really make it difficult for
           | interested people to explore the archive. LLMs have become
           | pretty darn good at doing this out of the box. Prior to this
           | you needed specially trained ML models and before that there
           | was no automation whatsoever.
        
             | vintermann wrote:
             | I can't find any big AI model which can read historical
             | Kurrent-family handwriting well out of the box. You still
             | need specially trained models (i.e. transkribus) which
             | generalize terribly.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Transkribus is definitely still the best option in some
               | cases. But there are a bunch of cases where it was
               | necessary two years ago and isn't necessary anymore,
               | which is pretty remarkable.
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | The transformer architecture was originally developed for
         | translation tasks, but massive, overfit generative models are
         | _awful_ at translation. (Seriously, part-of-speech
         | classification + dictionary lookup + grammar mapping - an
         | incredibly simplistic system with performance measurable in
         | chapters per second - does a _better job_ , and you even get
         | confidence intervals.) If you want a translation tool, use
         | something like Project Bergamot (https://browser.mt/), not
         | generative AI.
         | 
         | > _Unfortunately, so much of the humanities in high school is
         | treated as an exercise rather than real discovery._
         | 
         | I, too, find this exceptionally annoying.
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | That's an absurd claim. Show me the translation benchmark
           | where you saw such a result.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | Does "every time I've challenged people about this on
             | Hacker News" count as a benchmark? See e.g.
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35531558.
        
               | fc417fc802 wrote:
               | No, it doesn't. I don't find the linked thread remotely
               | convincing regarding your (frankly preposterous) claim
               | that preexisting non-deep-learning solutions are better
               | at translation in the general case.
               | 
               | Don't get me wrong. I'm sure that once fine tuned by a
               | human for a specific language pair that such systems are
               | better at performing literal translation. But the value
               | proposition of deep learning here is that you don't need
               | a large team of experts to laboriously train a given
               | language pair, that the entire training process is
               | largely unsupervised, and that the translations aren't
               | hopelessly literal. The ML algorithms can pick up on
               | idioms given a sufficiently large dataset.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | Found the other good post in that thread:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35532941. Google
               | Translate and DeepL were capable of mostly-accurate
               | Japanese translation two (or even 5) years ago (as seen
               | in my previous link). _Multiple_ people ran this text
               | through GPT-4, and none of its translations were any
               | good, as assessed by this Japanese-speaker.
               | 
               | There's a reason we needed the Rosetta stone to give as
               | an in for translating Egyptian hieroglyphics. You can't
               | just throw Big Data at the problem and expect it to give
               | accurate results. Dedicated translation setups _can_ get
               | good results, but ChatGPT 's ilk doesn't.
               | 
               | Convincing translations are not the same thing as
               | accurate translations. RLHF optimises for convincing, not
               | accurate.
        
             | dr_dshiv wrote:
             | https://lokalise.com/blog/what-is-the-best-llm-for-
             | translati...
             | 
             | Claims Sonnet 3.5 wins
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | Humans are mimetic creatures. The biggest damage (some call it
       | influence) that LLMs will do is that next generation will be
       | talking like an LLM. They might even normalize hallucination
        
         | krapp wrote:
         | We've already begun to normalize the belief that humans
         | hallucinate as often as LLMs, and are categorically less
         | reliable and less trustworthy than LLMs. The political and
         | social ramifications of this are bound to be negative.
        
         | thijson wrote:
         | That reminds me of a professor that would play various forms of
         | music compressed in different ways. The class actually
         | preferred the distortion produced by mp3 over uncompressed.
        
       | numpad0 wrote:
       | Is hype cycle effect hitting hard on AI recently? The arguments
       | aren't changing for years, and emotional components in them feel
       | progressively toned down.
        
         | bwfan123 wrote:
         | The hype cycle is running on FOMO. "as a developer, you will be
         | left behind" And is sustained by fear tactics. "there wont be
         | any developer jobs left"
         | 
         | Giant investments are being made, and a lot of people's
         | outcomes rest on them, which incentivizes them to become
         | evangelists for the cause.
         | 
         | End-of-day it is a productivity boosting tool like a search-
         | engine or a calculator - whats funny to see the human drama
         | playing out around its adoption.
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | I'm pretty sceptical about the entire use of computers in
       | education. For myself, I seem to be incapable of learning
       | anything unless I read it from paper and write down notes in the
       | margin or in my (paper) notebook. Obviously I use screens every
       | day (being a programmer ...) but for actual recall of new
       | material, I need to use paper. Also if I'm in a physical meeting
       | or conference, I never have a laptop open, and I take notes on
       | paper. This makes me doubt that you learn anything if laptops or
       | tablets are involved. Nothing specific to AI, just my general
       | observation.
        
         | aniviacat wrote:
         | > This makes me doubt that you learn anything if laptops or
         | tablets are involved.
         | 
         | This may be true for you, but it certainly isn't generally
         | true.
         | 
         | I haven't written anything substantial on paper in years, and I
         | certainly have learned new things in that time.
        
         | kraftman wrote:
         | I think this comes down to how you first learnt to learn. If I
         | write notes in nodepad i dont remember them as well as if i
         | write them by hand, but I think that's just a byproduct of
         | years of school, and other people have learnt their own ways
         | and are just as effective.
        
         | ordersofmag wrote:
         | There's an entire generation that is evidence that your
         | personal case is not the general case.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | Gamified learning apps, in a broad sense, seem to be very
         | effective for _practice_.
        
       | Leo-thorne wrote:
       | AI hasn't destroyed the humanities, but it definitely made things
       | more complicated and harder to teach. I've seen students rely
       | entirely on chatbots to write essays, and it really does make
       | teaching harder. As the article says, we need to find ways to
       | make AI and the humanities work together, not just hold on to the
       | old way of doing things.
        
         | thijson wrote:
         | A lot of my engineering exams didn't allow certain calculators,
         | so I guess that's what will happen for humanities, supervised
         | and timed essay writing.
         | 
         | I remember going to museums and seeing all the modern art, and
         | wondering why art went to such weird places compared to the
         | realism of the 1600's, and my conclusion was that invention of
         | photography made realism obsolete. I wonder if something
         | similar will happen to the humanities.
        
       | throwaway75 wrote:
       | What is the general take on the ethics of using AI as a much more
       | powerful search engine? For example, "Find all occurences in the
       | text where Odysseus' will is overridden by the Gods." The
       | question is not something that would be directly set by an
       | instructor, but might be required to substantiate an
       | interpretation that a student is aiming for.
       | 
       | Finding something like this is difficult and requires reading the
       | text closely. But with AI, you could get away by reading around
       | the passages returned by AI.
        
         | pasc1878 wrote:
         | Will the AI find ALL the occurrences. Finding hallucinated ones
         | is OK here as the user can check each one.
        
           | throwaway75 wrote:
           | Perhaps not. But it'll probably find sufficient
           | passages/instances that are useful.
        
             | pasc1878 wrote:
             | Yes but the question did say ALL.
             | 
             | Finding some yes it might well be quicker than a manual
             | read.
             | 
             | So it depends on what the actual requirement is.
        
               | throwaway75 wrote:
               | Let's say sufficient instances for the student to prove
               | his/her point - the student used "all" in the AI prompt,
               | but really meant as many as possible from which they
               | could pick and choose. Is it ethical or should it be
               | viewed as cheating?
        
       | thenthenthen wrote:
       | I have been saying this (not sure about the weird part), but is
       | it not obvious that in an AI saturated 'field', actual, factual,
       | practical work should have an easy advantage?
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | I would love to be a literature student today. Consume the
       | classics in audiobook form while flaneuring or gaming. Red team
       | every essay with ChatGPT. Become a top tier Genius.com
       | contributor for poetry. Listen to all the online lectures from
       | Oxford, Yale etc. Effortlessly pick up where past critics have
       | left off because the AI can summarise all contributions on any
       | topic. Find every reference to support your thesis in the
       | reference text -- without scanning for hours.
        
         | peterldowns wrote:
         | You can do this without being in a formal college program, go
         | for it!
        
         | KineticLensman wrote:
         | (source: am a literature student - UK open university)
         | 
         | I just asked get ChatGPT a question about use of language in a
         | specific book (China Mieville's _Kraken_ ). It gave a plausible
         | answer but used a common English word ('knackering') instead of
         | the word 'knacking' that is actually used (the word
         | 'knackering' isn't in the text). I then asked it to give me a
         | quote using 'knackering' and it gave me a quote with the word
         | 'knacking'. I asked it to put the quote into Harvard reference
         | style which it did, but didn't provide a page number, which it
         | said I'd have to look up myself.
         | 
         | I think relying on ChatGPT for an essay would be fairly
         | frustrating, and if you used ChatGPT to develop your thesis,
         | you could very quickly get a generic plagiaristic answer (based
         | on the quotes everyone else used) rather than one than that
         | captured your own response to the text, and which contained
         | factual errors.
         | 
         | [Edit] It also said that "gods inhabiting USB sticks are
         | presented matter-of-factly" in _Kraken_ which is false (there
         | are no mentions of USB). When I asked it for a quote to support
         | its assertion, it replied  "While the novel doesn't explicitly
         | depict gods inhabiting USB sticks..."
        
           | Tycho wrote:
           | Did you upload the text of the novel? It's under copyright so
           | wouldn't be in the training data or retrievable via search.
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | I didn't upload the text; I was trying to see what happened
             | if one asked a question about a specific book, as if I was
             | someone trying to do an essay in a hurry. I know the text
             | quite well so could easily spot the hallucinated answers
             | but someone with less knowledge might have been fooled. The
             | experience reconvinced me not to rely on this specific LLM
             | for help with my essays.
        
               | Tycho wrote:
               | Well, you have to give the tool a chance. If it can't
               | even see the text you're asking about, it's going to rely
               | on whatever quotes and references it can crib together
               | from reviews and blogs and comments.
               | 
               | Try it for a text that is in the training data, or the
               | public internet, or can be put into the context window -
               | then it might help.
        
               | KineticLensman wrote:
               | Well, yes, I'm sure if I uploaded a full text and spent
               | time on the prompts I could get better results, although
               | these might be similar to other students doing the same
               | thing, which might get me a plagiarism fail.
               | 
               | My point was that I would be very hesitant to rely on
               | ChatGPT as an assistant in a real literature task. Many
               | of the texts on my Eng Lit course are in copyright, as is
               | all of the module material (the OU's course-specific
               | textbooks). The hallucinations are a real show-stopper.
        
               | Tycho wrote:
               | Your position seems to be "if you use the tool like a
               | total dumbass, you might get a bad outcome." Like...
               | maybe use it intelligently?
        
               | stanford_labrat wrote:
               | On the topic of hammers: "if you don't hold the hammer at
               | exactly 2.6cm from the end of the handle and strike the
               | nail with 6N of force at an angle of 58 degrees then of
               | course you won't get a good nail strike into the wood. Oh
               | and you must only use acacia sourced from the
               | subtropics".
               | 
               | Give me a break, it's a hammer. This is a perfectly
               | normal "use" of ChatGPT and a good example of how a
               | literature student may opt to try and use AI to make
               | their work easier in some way. It also conveniently
               | demonstrates some of the shortcomings of using a LLM for
               | this sort of task. No need to call them a dumbass.
        
           | piltdownman wrote:
           | Mieville is a wonderfully challenging prompt for ChatGPT. In
           | the same vein, I would imagine 'The City and The City' would
           | end up with a bunch of half-hallucinated forum-posting and
           | reviews regarding Disco Elysium.
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > Mieville is a wonderfully challenging prompt for ChatGPT.
             | 
             | Indeed. I'm doing a close reading of _Kraken_ and have been
             | amazed at the number of  'weird' entities and plot events
             | that Mieville introduces [0]. It would be very easy to
             | hallucinate a few more.
             | 
             | There are more than 100 passages in _Kraken_ where Mieville
             | names people, places and events that occur in other media
             | or culture. For example, in a list of people associated
             | with submarine technology, he throws in the name of the
             | underwater stuntman [1] who played the Creature from the
             | Black Lagoon. Again, it would be easy to hallucinate
             | additional content.
             | 
             | [0] For example, a secondary character who was originally
             | an ancient Egyptian burial slave-statue who went on strike
             | in the afterlife, and in modern London is now the trade-
             | union convenor for the Union of Magicked Assistants.
             | 
             | [1] Ricou Browning, if anyone is interested.
        
         | piltdownman wrote:
         | What a wonderful bit of satire.
         | 
         | To those that missed the joke - 'consuming' the classics is the
         | antithesis of a liberal arts education. The value lies in the
         | engagement, the debate, the Hegellian dialectic involved in
         | arriving at a true grok level understanding of the text or
         | topic.
         | 
         | It would be akin to reading the Sparknotes of Ulysses and being
         | able to reference how it draws heavily on Homer's Odyssey, or
         | utilises stream-of-consciousness narrative to great effect; and
         | thinking that, as a result, you have the faintest understanding
         | of the text, its conception, or its impact.
         | 
         | The OP almost hit on this with the 'Listen to all the online
         | lectures from Oxford,Yale,MIT etc...'. Unlike coding bootcamps
         | or similar, universities are not VOCATIONAL TRAINING - no
         | matter how skewed towards that end-goal the American Economy is
         | dictating such. As just about any Educator can attest, no
         | amount of listening to youtube lectures will replace the
         | University experience, nevermind the Oxbridge/Ivy League
         | experience.
         | 
         | The pedagogical benefits are simply unrealisable from an AI
         | prompt 'streamlining'- i.e. being forced to read and engage
         | with topics outside of your comfort zone to maintain your GPA,
         | engaging and working with people from a diversity of outlooks
         | and backgrounds, benefitting from the 1:1 and small group
         | sessions with the Academics who often wrote the literal book on
         | the subject in question.
         | 
         | If the intersection of JSTOR and Machine Learning didn't reduce
         | humanities to Cory Doctorow level script-kiddyism, the hoi
         | polloi throwing prompts into a hallucinatory markov chain isn't
         | likely to advance or diminish Academia anymore than the excess
         | of 'MBA IN 5 DAYS!' or '...for Dummies' titles previously
         | available.
        
           | Tycho wrote:
           | I'm not being satirical. And nowhere did I suggest that you
           | don't still read the actual text you're studying. There are
           | more ways to "engage" with literature than just going to
           | seminars.
        
           | yupitsme123 wrote:
           | I ask this as someone with a lot of respect for education and
           | the Humanities: do the majority of Humanities students
           | actually get this type of education?
           | 
           | Any conversations I've had with students or graduates of
           | Arts, Literature, etc. indicates that their education was
           | very much about consuming and regurgitating. Maybe the top 5%
           | approach their studies the way you're describing but I've
           | never seen anyone like that in the wild.
        
         | j33zusjuice wrote:
         | OK, that last sentence would be incredible. I think this is
         | tongue in cheek, but I was an English lit major so I feel the
         | need to defend my honor. XD
         | 
         | I don't think you'd do well in 400-level classes this way.
         | English Lit isn't as much of a joke as STEM students make it
         | out to be[1]: it gets a lot harder than the bullshit 101/201
         | courses everyone is required to take. You're supposed to try to
         | be original in your analysis, and it has to be rigorously
         | proven within the text itself.
         | 
         | Probably as a grad student you'd start arguing against other
         | critics points, but not undergrad. I think that would hold for
         | almost all schools because no one at that level in that field
         | wants to hear from someone who doesn't know how to analyze a
         | text in the first place. It'd be like a high school student
         | trying to tell you about software (or systems, network, data,
         | etc.) engineering.
         | 
         | For similar reasons, AI summarizations for past contributions
         | wouldn't work, either. If you're arguing someone else's
         | analysis is wrong, you're going to need to read and understand
         | the whole thing. And if you're just copying from AI, you'll
         | have a hard time defending your position.
         | 
         | Although, man, if you can understand the subtext of a book from
         | listening to an audiobook *while gaming*, AND you have time to
         | watch all the online lectures about a book!? I need to talk to
         | you about time management, my friend!
         | 
         | 1 - I have been involved in so many forums and subreddits where
         | people try to analyze books, comics, TV, or movies. Based on
         | what I have seen come out of people there --- most of you MFers
         | couldn't pass 300-level classes.
         | 
         | People can't analyze literature for shit, and I think it's
         | because everyone gets such a negative perception of literary
         | analysis because high school and required college classes are
         | junk. It's actually really hard to read five novels in month,
         | keep track of all the characters and plots and themes and so
         | on, and understand all of them well enough to write a coherent
         | argument. I saw so many kids in my major crying about their GPA
         | getting tanked because they weren't ready for rigorous
         | analysis. FWIW, I was 25 as a Junior (third year of uni, in the
         | US), and had spent the last few years reading exercise
         | physiology papers while bored at work. Seeing real science
         | changed my life, and I wanted to apply their level of rigor to
         | my own analysis of any kind. It's why I'm good at my job now,
         | tbh.
        
           | piltdownman wrote:
           | //For similar reasons, AI summarizations for past
           | contributions wouldn't work, either. If you're arguing
           | someone else's analysis is wrong, you're going to need to
           | read and understand the whole thing. And if you're just
           | copying from AI, you'll have a hard time defending your
           | position.
           | 
           | QFT. It's like the Sparknotes scenario I outlined in my post
           | above - what you get from this level of engagement isn't
           | insight, least of all a debatable position, it's just a
           | loosely cohesive bunch of table-quiz facts.
           | 
           | //People can't analyze literature for shit, and I think it's
           | because everyone gets such a negative perception of literary
           | analysis because high school and required college classes are
           | junk.
           | 
           | Because most of what is being examined is passive/active
           | voicings, brain-dead symbolism, and ham-fisted and dated
           | metaphors as literary vehicles.
           | 
           | Even at University level there should be an emphasis on a 101
           | level course hammering home the importance of Critical Theory
           | in Literary Criticism as a framework and approach for
           | disseminating texts. Without a basic understanding of the
           | cultural, historical, and ideological dimensions under which
           | a text was conceived and published, you haven't a hope of
           | climbing the foothills of Beckett, Camus, Dickens,
           | Dostoevsky, Eliot, Joyce, Kafka, Shaw...
        
           | Tycho wrote:
           | You probably wouldn't be arguing that previous critics are
           | wrong but surely to get top marks you'd be expected to know
           | what relevant literary criticism has already been published
           | and then build on that in some fashion. No doubt just reading
           | that stuff would sharpen your own insights. AI should make it
           | much easier to find the most relevant criticism and put it in
           | context.
           | 
           | AI should also be able to help you gather evidence from the
           | reference texts, because it can exercise reasonable judgement
           | without any constraint on patience or access or time.
           | Consider the recent social media sensation about the lady who
           | got a PhD for analysing how smell factors into the fates of
           | literary characters. AI can quickly find thousands of
           | examples, and then filter them as desired.
           | 
           | You could even have the AI write essays for you - "analyse
           | this novel through the lens of ____ theory" - where no
           | literary criticism already exists to review. You could have
           | it generate any number of such essays, applying
           | theories/frameworks you might not even know, but want to
           | understand better.
           | 
           | I think it's possible to "read" an audiobook while doing
           | something monotonous like walking, driving, or, yes, gaming.
           | The lectures you probably have to treat like podcasts and
           | just play them in the background and pick up some ideas.
        
         | nluken wrote:
         | > Consume the classics in audiobook form while flaneuring or
         | gaming
         | 
         | I can't tell if you're serious or not, but this would be like
         | saying you've "watched" a movie because you had it on your
         | second monitor while you were playing counter strike. There's a
         | fundamental difference in hearing a book read to you and
         | actually listening and engaging with the audio on a meaningful
         | level. The latter requires focus, and you're not going to be
         | able to do that if you're gaming away at the same time.
         | 
         | Put another way, why would someone who presumably loves reading
         | bother studying literature if they don't actually care enough
         | to pay attention to the books they supposedly loved?
        
           | Tycho wrote:
           | I've listened plenty of audiobooks while driving or walking,
           | why would I not be able to do the same while playing GTA?
           | 
           | The reason to do this is that just sitting in a chair
           | ploughing through books gets very unappealing after a while.
           | And there's a lot of books to get through.
        
             | nluken wrote:
             | If you're getting what you want out of your reading then
             | more power to you, but I think you'll find that devoting
             | your full attention to what you're doing fundamentally
             | differs from doing it in the background. Why play GTA when
             | you could just listen and enjoy the book? What is GTA
             | adding to that experience?
             | 
             | I think a lot of people, including, I presume, most who
             | willingly choose to study literature, enjoy reading as an
             | activity unto itself and so don't feel the need to add
             | additional distractions. Not everybody finds sitting down
             | and "ploughing through" (how disdainful a phrase!) a book
             | unappealing.
        
               | Tycho wrote:
               | A serious literature degree might prescribe a reading
               | list of ~10 books per week. Some of it stuff you don't
               | even like but is "important context" or whatever. At a
               | certain point it becomes a chore for anyone. You need to
               | find ways to help you get through more.
               | 
               | The reading (listening) of course is not "in the
               | background". Maybe sometimes you're distracted and have
               | to skip back 30s and re-listen. Fine. If the game is too
               | distracting, fine, play something simpler, or watch
               | soccer, do chores, anything where the moment to moment
               | continuity does not require effort to track, but still
               | gives you some benefit.
        
         | meroes wrote:
         | Sounds like all ways to skirt around the actual learning bit.
         | Consuming the classics while gaming? Really?
        
       | gdubs wrote:
       | There's a deeper educational problem that's been decades in the
       | making which is that students are trained to see school and work
       | as a series of never ending goals to achieve. The ultimate one is
       | to 'get a job'. Well, now nobody can really even say what jobs
       | will be available in 5 to 10 years with high confidence. Except
       | maybe the trades - and we mostly cut those programs out of
       | schools a long time ago.
       | 
       | If college students are using AI to breeze through their work
       | rather than doing the reading themselves, developing grit - I
       | don't see how we can blame them rather than ourselves for the
       | educational and career system we've created. This problem didn't
       | happen overnight, and it's not just AI.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Nobody ever could say with confidence what jobs will pe
         | available. those who know the basics and flexible can find
         | something.
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > those who know the basics and flexible can find something.
           | 
           | I'm not so sure about that: I have a feeling that at least
           | the current trend in quite some jobs is that they are looking
           | for two kinds of people:
           | 
           | 1. beginners who know the basics and are cheap
           | 
           | 2. deep experts; these are paid well
           | 
           | What is in-between gets more and more hollowed out.
           | 
           | Thus the people who follow your advice will mostly stay in
           | the "cheap" pool - I wouldn't consider this to be desirable.
        
             | Pet_Ant wrote:
             | > Thus the people who follow your advice will mostly stay
             | in the "cheap" pool - I wouldn't consider this to be
             | desirable.
             | 
             | Cheap... but employed. Expertise is only valuable if its
             | valued. That means you not only need to be an expert in the
             | thing, but also the market for the thing, and that's a lot
             | to ask.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | You can move between groups. If your expertise turns out
             | not needed get a cheap job while learning something else.
        
               | panzagl wrote:
               | The only way to develop deep expertise is to do it as
               | your job.
        
               | aleph_minus_one wrote:
               | There exist in my opinion rather few jobs where you will
               | develop a deep expertise in some area.
        
               | zaphar wrote:
               | I got my job/career precisely because I developed deep
               | expertise on my own time. So no, that is not the only way
               | to develop that expertise.
        
               | panzagl wrote:
               | I guess it depends on what you consider deep expertise- I
               | assumed a 10000 hours/PhD level of expertise, which would
               | be hard to achieve in a couple years while working.
        
               | const_cast wrote:
               | For most people, if your expertise isn't guided by boards
               | of already experienced people then it's probably not
               | really worth it. Most people are _shockingly_ bad at
               | learning on their own. They 're gonna go home and watch
               | TV, go to the gym, and spend time with their loved ones.
               | 
               | Look, I would not want a doctor to perform my surgery who
               | did not do a residency. I don't care if they carved up
               | 1,000 cadavers in their free time. I want somebody where
               | the board of their specialty has said "yup, this guys
               | good". I'm not gonna spend the time to try to trust the
               | doctor, because that's really really hard. I'm not a
               | doctor, I don't know shit. I have to rely on institutions
               | of trust to do that work for me.
               | 
               | And that's really what universities are at their core -
               | institutions of trust. When you get a degree, there's
               | trust you understand the material to an appropriate
               | degree. When you pass a residency, there's trust you
               | understand the material to an appropriate degree. If we
               | lose that trust, such as by letting students cheat by AI,
               | that is a big problem.
               | 
               | Could I hire someone who says they're an expert, with no
               | degree, and just give them a leetcode problem? Sure. But
               | if I hire someone with a degree, I have a much greater
               | level of certainty they can actually code. Same goes for
               | work experience.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | This is at odds with professional specialisms which take
           | years to learn.
           | 
           | I don't think it's likely that AI will obliterate the job
           | category of "lawyer", but that's what its boosters are
           | claiming, and people need to make a car to house sized
           | investment at age 18 depending on how true that is.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | it always has been. You make what looks like a good bet and
             | if you are wrong adjust-
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | How this works for most people in reality is "if you are
               | wrong, you're screwed"
               | 
               | Most people do not have the ability to adjust like that,
               | for one reason or another
               | 
               | And even if you do, it still means your life is likely to
               | hit an extremely rough patch while your adjusting catches
               | up to where you were before
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | I think the profession of "laywer" may come to an end
             | sooner rather than later for many, unless they are able to
             | get legislators to ban AI from practicing law. A lot of
             | lawyering is writing in a particular legal vocabulary and
             | style, and forming arguments based on precident, things
             | that an LLM AI should be able to get very good at.
             | 
             | It won't be long before an impoverished criminal defendant
             | will be able to chose between an AI that can spend
             | practically unlimited time on his case and have perfect
             | recall of any precident that might be relevant, or an
             | overworked public defender who has 2 hours a week to spare
             | in his schedule.
        
               | jjmarr wrote:
               | Go read lawyers complaining on reddit about _pro se_
               | litigants using AI. They hallucinate precedents like APIs
               | or get confused about what is supported.
               | 
               | If you think SWEs that build the same CRUD apps every day
               | are vulnerable but SWEs that do "real work" aren't, apply
               | that logic to lawyers.
               | 
               | Except lawyers don't have an automated compiler to check
               | for fabricated precedents as case law databases are
               | monopolized by one company.
        
               | freeone3000 wrote:
               | It costs money but KeyCite is real.
        
         | tsunamifury wrote:
         | Trades would collapse if even 10% of the population switched to
         | them. What does no one get about this?
        
           | cafp12 wrote:
           | This is a good point and also why are people so certain that
           | superhuman capable robots aren't right around the corner.
        
           | mtillman wrote:
           | I'm convinced plumbing would pay better than programming in
           | certain neighborhoods right now now.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Plumbers never realized that they should be selling service
             | plans and leasing toilets to people.
             | 
             | Software's golden goose is not letting people own things.
        
               | toyg wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure plumbers do sell service plans to
               | businesses. It's just that households don't really need
               | regular work.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | The people who lease toilets to people are landlords, as
               | part of leasing the rest of the building or unit.
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | Service for what? I'm in my 40s and now that I think
               | about it, I've never had to call a plumber in my entire
               | life. The only time I can think of is my parents calling
               | one when they got a new dishwasher 25 years ago.
        
               | kenjackson wrote:
               | I've had the plumber out twice this year. Probably
               | depends on how handy you are with plumbing issues. Me not
               | so much.
        
             | NikolaNovak wrote:
             | That's not new though. My colleague does IT for a few years
             | then works as a construction worker for a few years,
             | depending on the market. He's ready for anything :-)
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Trades tend to do a good job of preventing people from
           | switching in due to apprenticeship systems. Depends on your
           | jurisdiction, but you probably can't just hang out a sign
           | saying "plumber".
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | Yeah, I feel like kids are encouraged to move not to jobs
           | that will be profitable to _them_ (ie the children) but that
           | the moneyed want to pay less for, because the number of
           | people being swayed would collapse any market.
           | 
           | It's like a boat captain telling all his passengers to rush
           | to one side of the boat. Any single side will tip the boat
           | over.
        
           | guappa wrote:
           | Well in sweden it's forbidden to fix anything electrical on
           | your own. You're allowed to change your lamps and little
           | else.
        
             | the-mitr wrote:
             | Is it so? Is it true for other work also? Genuinely asking.
        
               | belorn wrote:
               | There is a concept called regulated professions. The US
               | equivalent would likely be accredited or certified.
               | Typically, anything in health, security, and education,
               | but also things like accounting or commercial diving. EU
               | has Directive 2005/36/EC that specify how this kind of
               | laws may operate in EU.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | But I wonder if lower labor costs would change the repair vs
           | replace calculus by a lot.
        
           | eyesofgod wrote:
           | > What does no one get about this?
           | 
           | Its all idiotic romanticisation. Thats why all the out-of-
           | their-ass anecdotes involve someone who's more of an
           | entrepreneur than a tradesmen as well.
           | 
           | Theres some bizzare analog of the noble savage myth, but
           | applied to blue collar work.
        
           | lostphilosopher wrote:
           | Related - there needs to be individuals and businesses that
           | want/need and can afford upgrades and repairs. If office
           | workers are getting replaced with AI we don't need to build
           | and maintain offices and the ecosystems that support them
           | (see also WFH/Covid) and those workers won't have income to
           | pay for plumbers, electricians, roofers, etc. for their
           | personal property. A worst case scenario AI workforce
           | revolution would attack trades from both supply and demand.
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | It's just viral memes. Most people are inferior to the
           | average LLM in reasoning and repeat phrases wholesale without
           | comprehension of what it means. Few, if any, have even
           | approached understanding what they are saying. Among those,
           | fewer still have validated their assumptions.
           | 
           | Many years ago we had to deploy an HFT trading strategy on a
           | specific hardware platform because that was the one that was
           | (in this field) closest in network topology to the exchange.
           | I just read the released docs for the platform, and watched a
           | couple of videos where they hinted at certain architectural
           | decisions and then you could work something out from there.
           | Latency was reliable and our strats made money.
           | 
           | But this was public information and we were actually _late_
           | to it. It had been released for 3 years at the time. And many
           | people I talked to had told me that what they had was as good
           | as it gets. But they were each just repeating what the other
           | guy said.
           | 
           | Many of the things you see on Hacker News are just that: it's
           | deterministic parrotry.
        
             | tsunamifury wrote:
             | I agree but the signal noise ratio is slightly better here.
             | But it's fine down hill over the decade.
        
         | aleph_minus_one wrote:
         | > Well, now nobody can really even say what jobs will be
         | available in 5 to 10 years with high confidence.
         | 
         | I am very sure that those jobs that have been existing for a
         | long time will continue existing for a long time (and no: even
         | if some disruption occurs, these jobs won't suddenly disappear,
         | but will rather phased out slowly; you thus have sufficient
         | time to make a decent plan for you).
         | 
         | In other words: in my opinion one can predict rather well many
         | jobs that will be available in 5 to 10 years.
         | 
         | The "inconvenient" truth rather is that many high-paying jobs
         | in the new economy sector don't satisfy this criterion of
         | "existing for a long time". So by this criterion you might miss
         | out some hard to predict high-earning opportunities. Thus, if
         | you are the kind of person who tends to easily become envious
         | if your friends suddenly experience a windfall, such a job
         | perhaps won't make you happy.
        
         | stanford_labrat wrote:
         | Just like AI seems like it's being used as a convenient
         | scapegoat for the layoffs and trimming following the end of
         | ZIRP, now we see it also being used to blame for the failures
         | of our modern education system.
         | 
         | Mostly which are that our system only rewards one thing in
         | education: the grade. Not understanding, knowledge,
         | intelligence, but instead a single number that is more easily
         | gamified than anything. And this single number (your GPA) is
         | the single most important thing for every level from middle
         | school to college where it will unironically determine your
         | entire (academic/academic-adjacent) future.
        
           | throwawaybob420 wrote:
           | Our modern education system in the US is broken, but acting
           | as if AI is a scapegoat is comical.
           | 
           | Capitalism is what has destroyed higher education in this
           | country. The concept of going to school to get a job isn't a
           | failure of education but of economics.
           | 
           | AI is just another capitalist tool made to not only extract
           | wealth out of you but something that they want you to rely on
           | more and more so they can charge you even more down the road.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Even the Soviet Union made people go to school, and getting
             | a degree was a route to higher status.
             | 
             | (there have been a few Communist revolutions against the
             | concept of "university", for various political reasons, but
             | China rebuilt theirs after the purges and Cambodia is a sad
             | historical footnote)
        
               | NoOn3 wrote:
               | At least in the Soviet Union, they were free...
        
               | thatoneguy wrote:
               | In Soviet Union, university education free but came at
               | cost of living in Soviet Union
               | 
               | - Yakov Smirnoff, probably
        
               | realitybit3z wrote:
               | IN RESPONSE TO Even the Soviet Union made people go to
               | school, and getting a degree was a route to higher
               | status.
               | 
               | Also people did that to avoid Dedovshchina
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedovshchina
               | 
               | https://www.hrw.org/reports/2004/russia1004/2.htm
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Before college was a means to get a job, it was status
             | signalling for the upper class by showing they could spend
             | 4 years not working and learning things with no economic
             | value that few could afford. There was never a time when a
             | large portion of society went to school past 18 for any
             | reason other than economic or status gain, and why should
             | they?
        
               | nathan_compton wrote:
               | Learning stuff is cool?
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | I think learning stuff and making art just for the hell
               | of it is going to become a lot more accepted as society
               | continues on and more and more peoples' jobs get
               | automated away. Obviously that's a huge simplification of
               | a much more complex situation, but in general I think the
               | best future is one where people are free to pursue
               | interests without regard for those interests ability to
               | pay for their food and housing.
        
               | altruios wrote:
               | UBI: the dream!
               | 
               | Decoupling working from living: means only intrinsically
               | valuable things get worked on. No more working a 9-5 at a
               | scam call center or figuring out how to make people click
               | on ads. There is ONLY BENEFIT (to everyone) from giving
               | labor such leverage.
               | 
               | Not every job needs to or should even exist: everyone
               | having a job isn't utopia. Utopia is being free to choose
               | what you work on. This directs market value for labor to
               | go up. Work that needs to get done will be aligned with
               | financial incentives (farmers, janitors, repair
               | industries would soar to new heights).
               | 
               | UBI is a necessary and great idea: A bottom floor to
               | capitalism means we all can stand up and lift this
               | sinking ship.
        
               | awkward wrote:
               | Economic OR status gain is putting a lot of work on the
               | or.
               | 
               | We've put into place a context for intellectual
               | achievement at scale. Why shouldn't status be apportioned
               | to someone who is recognized by a panel of peers and
               | teachers to have useful insight into their field?
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | > Why shouldn't status be apportioned to someone who is
               | recognized by a panel of peers and teachers to have
               | useful insight into their field
               | 
               | Because many "fields" in colleges are not useful.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >and why should they?
               | 
               | Because modern life is radically more complicated than
               | humans can naturally deal with.
               | 
               | Your average peasant for millenia didn't need to
               | understand Information security to avoid getting phished,
               | didn't need to understand compounding interest for things
               | like loans and saving for retirement (they'd just have
               | kids and pray enough of them survive), didn't need to
               | have some kind of mental model for the hordes of
               | algorithms deployed against us for the express purpose of
               | taking all of our available attention (a resource that
               | people before a couple decades ago had so much excess of
               | that _boredom_ was a serious concern) for the express
               | purpose of selling it to people who want to extract any
               | dollar you may have access to, did not need to understand
               | spreadsheets(!), etc etc etc etc
               | 
               | Like, being productive in modern society is complicated.
               | That's what education is for.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | There is nothing wrong with going to school to obtain
             | knowledge and skills to secure a job.
             | 
             | The problem with the modern educational system is that it
             | isnt very efficient at this task. Instead, most of the
             | value relies on the screening that took place before the
             | students even entered the institution, not the knowledge
             | obtained while there.
        
               | kenjackson wrote:
               | Yep, this is a huge problem. I've long argued that we
               | need value add metrics for colleges, and it probably
               | won't be a single number, but rather a set of values
               | depending on input values, e.g., some schools may deliver
               | a lot of value for kids with 1550 SATs, but other schools
               | may do better for kids with 1200.
               | 
               | Today we simply use college as a proxy for intelligence,
               | so people just like to go to the highest rated college
               | they can to be viewed as intelligent. What happens in the
               | four years at the college is secondary.
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | > There is nothing wrong with going to school to obtain
               | knowledge and skills to secure a job.
               | 
               | That can't be the only goal. We also need to transmit
               | culture, values, and teach them to become citizens.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | Teach them "values" as determined by a central governing
               | authority?
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | Yes, within a reason. Not in an authoritarian or
               | dismissive manner. But the ideals of our western liberal
               | societies.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | What happens if that centeal authority becoms subverted
               | (as many people here would argue is the case right now)?
               | 
               | Doesnt that single point of failure indicate a weakness?
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | Values are your culture. The Nazis were elected and
               | supported (at least initially) so you are right some
               | what, but the answer is multiple countries.
               | 
               | But a country without a culture and without shared values
               | is a sled being pulled by dogs in different directions
               | and not a real team (as many people would argue has been
               | the case for quite some time).
               | 
               | You need common values to work together to achieve goals.
               | That's what a country is, people working together. When
               | you don't, you just become tenants with passports.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | you dont need 4-10 years of post-secondary school at
               | 100k/yr to do that.
               | 
               | nor do our current institutions do a good job of what you
               | describe.
        
           | realitybit3z wrote:
           | IN RESPONSE TO: Just like AI seems like it's being used as a
           | convenient scapegoat for the layoffs and trimming following
           | the end of ZIRP
           | 
           | there are like 4 factors besides ZIRP i've witnessed as a
           | hiring manager
           | 
           | - Layoff or dont hire locals in favor of H1b/H4
           | 
           | - Layoff or dont hire locals in favor of Nearshore and
           | Offshore
           | 
           | - Section 174 Tax code on software:
           | https://blog.pragmaticengineer.com/section-174/
           | 
           | - More productivity via LLMs, Code Assist
        
         | bigbacaloa wrote:
         | Most students see education as a video game - the goal is to
         | score as many points as possible in a framework controlled by
         | some apparently arbitrary rules. That educators fail to
         | distinguish school from video games is mostly the fault of
         | educators. And video games are more fun.
        
         | eyesofgod wrote:
         | > I don't see how we can blame them rather than ourselves for
         | the educational and career system we've created
         | 
         | I dont know man, you do it every time.
        
         | thomastjeffery wrote:
         | This is rooted in the idea that a person should need
         | _permission_ to work. The reason we do this is because our
         | capitalist society is structured around competition instead of
         | collaboration. Because all work must be framed as a
         | competition, the only way collaboration is _allowed_ is by
         | explicitly joining a team.
         | 
         | This rule is made explicit with copyright: derivative work is,
         | by default, _illegal_. The only way that derivative work is
         | allowed to be made is after making a contract with the
         | rightsholder.
         | 
         | This system can only be enforced with incompatibility. You
         | can't actually stop someone from making derivative work unless
         | your help is actually required. The most familiar instance of
         | this requirement is software: it's simply not pragmatic for
         | someone to extend your code, when they only have access to a
         | compiled binary. Software work can only be extended from a
         | shared context: what you write must be compatible with what is
         | written. That's generally unfeasible when what is written is a
         | compile-time optimized binary executable.
         | 
         | Incompatibility is not a perfect barrier. It's possible to
         | decompile software. It's possible to edit text, images, video,
         | audio, etc. Copyright depends on incompatibility, and LLMs are
         | simply the newest, most compelling way to call that bluff.
        
         | realitybit3z wrote:
         | IN RESPONSE TO: There's a deeper educational problem that's
         | been decades in the making which is that students are trained
         | to see school and work as a series of never ending goals to
         | achieve. The ultimate one is to 'get a job'.
         | 
         | This one is really bad. I have waves of local grads begging for
         | unpaid internships or work now. They all were AP students, good
         | GPAs, good schools, "learned to code", took on 200k of college
         | debt -- _only to find the promised job is just not frigging
         | there at the end of the line_. Meanwhile, they are told there
         | is a  "massive shortage of coders" and see overseas workers
         | hired into those same jobs. How do younger people trust the
         | system anymore? Further, in light of this, why would any steel-
         | worker (metaphorically speaking) want to retrain and learn to
         | code if even the geeks learning to code face dismal outcomes?
        
       | gitfan86 wrote:
       | For every Quinton Tarantino there are dozens of people who could
       | make amazing films but never had the opportunity for a wide
       | variety of reasons that now mostly go away.
        
         | shermantanktop wrote:
         | And for each of those dozens, there are now millions of
         | untalented people who can generate terrible films with a few
         | clicks. How does a Tarantino, or even one of your new talents,
         | ever get discovered?
         | 
         | The friction is a feature, not a bug.
        
           | physicsguy wrote:
           | > The friction is a feature, not a bug.
           | 
           | The friction means only wealthy people can do anything in a
           | sphere.
        
             | shermantanktop wrote:
             | We've seen unprecedented democratization of media over the
             | last 30 years, primarily due to the internet. I'm
             | personally not seeing a corresponding positive impact on
             | cultural creativity. I see a lot of tweets and a lot of
             | Etsy stores, and the audience for long novels (for example)
             | is aging out.
        
           | gitfan86 wrote:
           | Quality rises to the top organically.
        
       | LurkandComment wrote:
       | 1. PhD Defenses in the humanities have both a written thesis and
       | an oral on the spot defense. You can't ChatGPT that easily
       | because a professor will know how to curve ball to things that
       | are seemingly unrelated but comparable to a human.
       | 
       | 2. As an MA student I was solving semantic problems for engineers
       | for analysis that they couldn't fathom. They were very smart at
       | technical things (and great writers), but when language problems
       | come up, it was a challenge. You can be a great communicator but
       | not understand language itself.
       | 
       | 3. Most people in positions for AI are being evaluated by things
       | AI is good at. So as a candidate with a very good understanding
       | of language, the AI wouldn't know how to evaluate my ability. I
       | would really have to outline a problem in language AI has to face
       | and explain it to a human. Then get them to understand it's
       | value.
        
         | kenjackson wrote:
         | I think all PhDs have an oral defense. Not only that its common
         | to have Quals where you have to present the state of the art
         | research in your field and answer oral questions about it. Even
         | if you had ChatGPT it would be tough because a lot of questions
         | are like, "Why did XYZ do ABC after seeing result 123?" The
         | problem is that often its an untrue statement they are trying
         | to get you to justify -- XYZ didn't do ABC or didn't do it
         | after seeing 123. This is something I imagine most LLMs to
         | struggle with today and say, "No, that didn't happen -- here's
         | actually what happened" when its in a nuanced field.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | I have never even _heard_ of a trick or misleading question
           | for quals or for a defense. That'd be ridiculous. You don't
           | need to do that.
        
       | mathgradthrow wrote:
       | Opposite the Turing test, there is its dual: "Can you administer
       | a turing test? Can you tell if you are talking to a person?"
       | 
       | There are lots of people who fail this test. Many of them are
       | professional evaluators in the humanities. They should
       | unquestionably lose their jobs as evaluators.
        
         | greenavocado wrote:
         | That is the reverse turing test:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MxTWLm9vT_o
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | > When I asked him why he had gone through so much trouble to get
       | to an Ivy League university only to off-load all of the learning
       | to a robot, he said, "It's the best place to meet your co-founder
       | and your wife."
       | 
       | On the one hand, this guy is not wrong, from a personal
       | perspective. On the other hand, guys like this are a total waste
       | of time and space in the classroom.
       | 
       | Schools have always faced a fundamental internal conflict, i.e.,
       | dueling purposes, and recent developments such as the rise of
       | ChatGPT and the rise of student loan debt may have finally
       | brought the entire educational system to a crisis.
       | 
       | We like to think of education as the primary purpose of the
       | educational system, hence the name. And education is indeed
       | essential, not just for job training but also for the enrichment
       | of human life, as well as the preservation of democracy and
       | freedom. Arguably, the latter are more important. Yet we also
       | rely on the educational system for social and economic sorting.
       | It's a ranking system that has a monumental effect on the future
       | prospects of students. And as the above quotation notes, it's a
       | club, an exclusive club, where the lucky few get to meet the
       | right people and enter into important social circles.
       | 
       | At the university level, things become even more muddled, because
       | professors and scientists are performing important research that
       | may have little or nothing to do with the education of
       | undergraduate students. A lot of this research is important for
       | society, and for industry, but it still comes into conflict with
       | the other purposes of the university.
       | 
       | So how do we resolve the inherent conflict? Is there a way to
       | split the educational system into separate entities that are
       | truer to their individual purposes? Can we make a place for the
       | social ladder climber that's separate from a place where real
       | learning happens, where nobody is tempted to cheat because
       | there's nothing to be gained from cheating? It should also be
       | noted that not everyone is ready to learn. Our current
       | educational system is designed like an assembly line, based on
       | age and social promotion. Everyone of the same age is expected to
       | follow the same track. I personally wasn't ready to study and
       | learn when I was a teenager; it took several more years for me to
       | mature emotionally, develop ambition and discipline. It's
       | difficult to force-feed students: "Most assignments in college
       | are not relevant," he told me. "They're hackable by AI, and I
       | just had no interest in doing them." Perhaps, though, there might
       | be more motivation to learn if learning was not tied to future
       | economic and social prospects. If students view school as merely
       | a tool to achieve certain benefits, then of course they'll view
       | anything else in school as a waste of time.
       | 
       | In a sense, our educational system finds failure to educate to be
       | acceptable, even desirable, because failure fulfills the
       | alternative purpose of social ranking.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > Can we make a place for the social ladder climber that's
         | separate from a place where real learning happens, where nobody
         | is tempted to cheat because there's nothing to be gained from
         | cheating?
         | 
         | I don't think so. Let me suggest a set of hypotheses:
         | 
         | - the social ladder always exists; it's basically fundamental
         | to human existence, especially when trying to do anything (see
         | tyranny of structurelessness)
         | 
         | - people are always trying to climb the hierarchy
         | 
         | - the examocracy(+) was introduced by ancient Chinese and/or
         | Prussia in an attempt to bring actual competence into the
         | social hierachy, in large part to help the leader fight wars
         | 
         | - if there isn't a "fair" route to the top, competent outsiders
         | will resort to unfair ones, which can be remarkably lethal and
         | destructive
         | 
         | - the university provides its own small academic and
         | intellectual hierarchy, but this exists in dialogue with the
         | needs of a wider society and its demand for non-academic
         | intellectually specialized work. Whether that's priests,
         | lawyers, doctors, army officers, weapons designers, civil
         | servants, or programmers
         | 
         | - this comes down to: does the wider society demand human
         | competence in intellectual operations still, or does ALL of
         | that get AI-automated away? Do we get "humans, but with a
         | smarter Clippy" or do we get "AI runs the world for
         | billionaires and everyone else is surplus peasantry".
         | 
         | - the secret third, worse, case is that AI destroys the concept
         | of competence and things stop working on a large scale.
         | 
         | (+) I do not want to have a huge fight over the word
         | "meritocracy"
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | It's unclear why you think the educational system needs to be
           | part of the social ladder.
           | 
           | I'm imagining for example that all citizens are required to
           | receive an education, and demonstrate the same level of
           | mastery in the subjects taught as everyone else, without
           | grades or rankings. You might call it "pass-fail", but I
           | resist that idea, because I don't consider failure to be an
           | option, except in rare cases of learning disability.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | > why you think the educational system needs to be part of
             | the social ladder.
             | 
             | Depends if you want the people running the country to be
             | competent or not.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Depends if you want the people running the country to
               | be competent or not.
               | 
               | In some sense, the goal of the educational system should
               | be to make _everyone_ competent. In any case, it 's
               | unclear what you mean by "running the country".
               | Politically speaking, the people currently running the US
               | are _not_ competent, despite the fact that the
               | educational system and the social hierarchy are
               | inextricably entangled.
               | 
               | Whatever kind of -ocracy you're proposing (I'm personally
               | not proposing here that we abolish democracy), I don't
               | see any inherent reason why a social ranking system and
               | the educational system can't be separate rather than
               | combined into one.
               | 
               | When employers start looking the alma mater of
               | applicants, their grades in school, and such (reportedly
               | Mark Shuttleworth of Canonical is obsessed with high
               | school!), that's when the entire educational system gets
               | warped. Learning gets cast aside in favor of
               | credentialism, and consequently, cheating to get ahead.
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | Do you reject the idea that some people are better at
             | things than others? 99% of people simply can't learn the
             | same level of mathematics that a pure mathematician does,
             | no matter how hard they try or how competently they're
             | taught, and then what happens in your system to people who
             | would have been pure mathematicians?
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Do you reject the idea that some people are better at
               | things than others?
               | 
               | No. Of course not.
               | 
               | > 99% of people simply can't learn the same level of
               | mathematics that a pure mathematician does
               | 
               | Why would this be a requirement for all citizens? Perhaps
               | you misunderstood "demonstrate the same level of
               | mastery". I meant that there would be a specified minimum
               | requirement, though we definitely shouldn't set the bar
               | too low. What I would reject is social promotion, where
               | students get to move along to the next level as long as
               | they have a D grade or higher. This does not demonstrate
               | sufficient understanding of the material taught.
               | 
               | Grades are for ranking. I'm suggesting that we ditch
               | grades and simply demand that everyone learn what we
               | expect them to learn. If students learn _more_ than what
               | 's expected, good for them, that's not a problem.
               | 
               | > what happens in your system to people who would have
               | been pure mathematicians
               | 
               | I'm not sure what you mean. How am I preventing people
               | from becoming pure mathematicians?
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | How do you decide who to filter into the more difficult
               | and faster-paced classes that will prepare someone to be
               | a pure mathematician, other than grades?
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | I'm not sure exactly what you mean by "filter into" or at
               | what level or stage of classes you're referring to.
               | 
               | To a large extent, it's self-filtering: who is going to
               | voluntarily take advanced math classes except those who
               | are intered in advanced math?
               | 
               | There are of course larger societal questions of how much
               | schooling is funded by the government and how much needs
               | to be self-funded.
               | 
               | I don't know if this is what you're talking about, but I
               | had to take the Graduate Records Exam in order to get
               | into grad school. But the GRE is not taught or
               | administered by the university, so in that sense it's not
               | part of the educational system. You don't actually have
               | to be in the math department to take an advanced math
               | class, though, and other students may take the classes as
               | part of a PhD minor or just for some other interest.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | You need to filter them way before that. Certainly by 16,
               | probably even earlier like 12 or 13, someone destined for
               | a career in STEM will be bored and wasting time by any
               | material that 90% of people are capable of learning.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | Let's be honest: majoring in the humanities is the easy way to a
       | college degree and thus attracts people put off by the hard
       | sciences and all the mathematical rigor which can't be offloaded
       | onto an LLM as you do have to solve problems in real time on
       | exams without any external assistance.
       | 
       | If the student's goal at any Ivy League college is to 'meet their
       | partner and their co-founder' then attending social functions
       | where they can expand their networks and meet new candidates for
       | those roles will take precedence over spending three hours
       | diligently studying difficult material for every hour spent in
       | lecture.
       | 
       | Of course, computer science students and others in hard sciences
       | have been gaming the system for decades, with many solutions to
       | take-home programming exercises found in online forums, and
       | there's always the option of paying a tutor to ease the way
       | forward - and LLMs are essentially inexpensive tutors that vastly
       | help motivated students learn material - a key aide when many
       | university-level professors view teaching as an unpleasant burden
       | and devote minimal time and effort to it, with little material
       | preparation and recycling tests from a decade ago that are all
       | archived in fraternity and sorority collections.
       | 
       | The solution to students using LLMs to cheat is obvious - more
       | in-class work, more supervised in-section work, and devaluing
       | take-home assignments - but this means more time and toil for the
       | instructors, who are often just as lazy and unmotivated as the
       | students.
       | 
       | [note the in-person coding interview seems to have been invented
       | by employers who realized anyone could get a CS degree and good
       | grades without being a good programmer via cheating on
       | assignments, and this happened well before LLMs hit the scene]
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | Everyone's always claiming the humanities are important the
       | humanities are important but everyone I know in STEM is more
       | learned than everyone in humanities. More philosophy, more
       | history, more classical literature. This means that humanities
       | education is relatively bogus.
        
       | xwowsersx wrote:
       | I have no doubt AI will impact the field, as it will many (most)
       | others. That said, some assertions that may warrant
       | reconsideration IMO:
       | 
       | > The machines best us across nearly every subject
       | 
       | This feels overstated, given the well-known limitations of AI in
       | reasoning, factual reliability, and depth in specialized domains
       | 
       | Describing traditional scholarship as mere "archaeological
       | artifacts" feels like prematurely dismissing the enduring value
       | of books and other research practices
       | 
       | - The idea that AI offers "pure attention" seems to romanticize
       | what is, in essence, statistical pattern
       | recognition...potentially misrepresenting the nature of the
       | exchange
       | 
       | > Factory-style scholarly productivity was never the essence of
       | the humanities
       | 
       | maybe inadvertent, but devalues serious academic work that
       | follows rigorous, methodical research traditions
       | 
       | Beyond that, there's a few claims that would benefit from some
       | additional evidence:
       | 
       | - student paralysis rely heavily on anecdote; broader empirical
       | data across varied institutions would strengthen the case - His
       | comparisons between AI and human experts feel selective...would
       | be interested to see a more systematic evaluation to see where AI
       | meaningfully matches or falls short of expert performance
       | 
       | - I'm somewhat partial to the author's view, but in terms of
       | long-term educational outcomes, no real evidence to show that AI
       | integration improves learning or contributes meaningfully to
       | human development - the idea of a "singularity of self-
       | consciousness" is pretty... under-argued? - The supposed link
       | between declining humanities enrollment and AI's potential lacks
       | concrete data to support the correlation
        
       | timewizard wrote:
       | > Generative AI elevates the value of humanistic skills
       | 
       | No. It just steals them, whitewashes their copyright, then passes
       | them off as a "machine creation." If there were no humans
       | actively using language there would be no language models.
       | 
       | > Generative AI makes it harder to teach humanistic skills
       | 
       | Yea. That's what happens when you steal for a living.
       | 
       | > For this reason, it is vitally important that educators learn
       | how to personally create and deploy AI-based assignments and
       | tools that are tailored directly for the type of teaching they
       | want to do.
       | 
       | All with zero evidence that this will improve outcomes for them.
       | For this reason you should TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS.
       | 
       | I hate AI hype.
        
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