[HN Gopher] The rise of judgement over technical skill
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The rise of judgement over technical skill
        
       Author : kohlhofer
       Score  : 217 points
       Date   : 2025-06-01 21:02 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (notsocommonthoughts.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (notsocommonthoughts.com)
        
       | crabl wrote:
       | As the marginal cost of writing code decreases, the opportunity
       | cost associated with writing the "right" code increases
       | dramatically
        
       | mehulashah wrote:
       | I would argue that this is already true in roles where one
       | supervises the work of another person with skill. Great leaders,
       | for example, were once practitioners. Over time their skills may
       | fade, but their judgment makes them effective and able to the
       | scale their impact.
        
         | drewcoo wrote:
         | In software, we promote good engineers to management,
         | effectively accelerating the Peter Principle.
         | 
         | It doesn't have to be that way. Management skills are not an
         | outgrowth of the skills of the managed, but orthogonal to them.
         | This is similar to the lesson many PhD candidates I've known
         | learn: expertise in their field is not pedagogical expertise.
         | Companies who promoted from within used to provide training for
         | new managers.
        
           | apwell23 wrote:
           | > In software, we promote good engineers to management
           | 
           | i've not seen this. Infact its the opposite.
        
             | paulluuk wrote:
             | You've seen good managers promoted to engineers? ;) I have
             | seen this happening, usually the engineers with the best
             | technical AND people skills are first made lead developer,
             | and eventually "team lead". After team lead they can climb
             | the corporate ladder with titles like "junior vice
             | president" or "senior director".
        
       | bravesoul2 wrote:
       | Does the technical skill give you better judgement though? Can a
       | masterchef make better Star Trek replicator meals?
        
         | kusokurae wrote:
         | I think the reality is that, this notion of "democratising"
         | various technical mediums is used to gloss over that, as
         | countless studies have now evidenced, humans primarily learn
         | and remember well thing by doing things, not merely passively
         | consuming them. Fine-precision decision-making will likely
         | always be the domain of dedicated tooling designed to better
         | correspond with the particular medium or task -- that is,
         | manual testing and experimentation, not relying on logocentric
         | prompt idolatry.
         | 
         | When we get into literature, visual art etc. it becomes more of
         | a problem. You can't get Cormac McCarthies or Mars Voltas from
         | software designed to give you perfect statistical 50% grey, and
         | people who try and hack it without doing the reading, are going
         | to end up writing gibberish. People who actually enjoy and like
         | art, music whatever are going to grow Very bored with the
         | overwhelming majority of work reliant of primarily generative
         | methods, save for those who already have discretion learned
         | through experience of many tools and other means of expression.
        
         | 12112521312 wrote:
         | Yes, really good pianist often compose music that is
         | interesting, that other composers don't make ( e.g. Listz,
         | Alkan ).
         | 
         | In jazz, nothing can replace practicing your improv skills.
        
           | drewhk wrote:
           | Also, judgement alone might not be enough. Judgement can take
           | you to "something is off", but not necessarily further. I mix
           | music as a hobby and it takes a good amount of practice to
           | step up from recognizing the presence of a problem to
           | actually know where and how to fix it. If you don't know
           | where you should look, you just aimlessly try various things,
           | and it is not unusual to make the problem worse.
           | 
           | Eventually you learn to properly recognize the problems, not
           | just their presence, but their actual nature and
           | implications. But this takes practice.
        
       | ben30 wrote:
       | This echoes my experience with Claude Code. The bottleneck isn't
       | the code generation itself--it's two critical judgment tasks:
       | 
       | 1. Problem decomposition: Taking a vague idea and breaking it
       | down into well-defined, context-bounded issues that I can
       | effectively communicate to the AI
       | 
       | 2. Code review: Carefully evaluating the generated code to ensure
       | it meets quality standards and integrates properly
       | 
       | Both of these require deep understanding of the domain, the
       | codebase, and good software engineering principles. Ironically,
       | while I can use AI to help with these tasks too, they remain
       | fundamentally human judgment problems that sit squarely on the
       | critical path to quality software.
       | 
       | The technical skill of writing code has been largely
       | commoditized, but the judgment to know _what_ to build and _how_
       | to validate it remains as important as ever.
        
         | gherkinnn wrote:
         | That matches my experience.
         | 
         | Decomposing a problem so that it is solvable with ease is what
         | I enjoy most about programming and I am fine with no longer
         | having to write as much code myself, but resent having to
         | review so much more.
         | 
         | Now, how do we solve the problem of people blindly accepting
         | what an LLM spat out based on a bad prompt. This applies
         | universally [0] and is not a technological problem.
         | 
         | 0 - https://www.theverge.com/policy/677373/lawyers-chatgpt-
         | hallu...
        
           | ben30 wrote:
           | Agreed on the review burden being frustrating. Two strategies
           | I've found helpful for managing the cognitive load:
           | 
           | 1. _Tight issue scoping_ : Making sure each issue is narrowly
           | defined so the resulting PRs are small and focused. Easier to
           | reason about a 50-line change than a 500-line one.
           | 
           | 2. _Parallel PR workflow_ : Using git worktrees to have
           | multiple small PRs open simultaneously against the same repo.
           | This lets me break work into digestible chunks while
           | maintaining momentum across different features.
           | 
           | The key insight is that smaller, well-bounded changes are
           | exponentially easier to review thoroughly. When each PR has a
           | single, clear purpose, it's much easier to catch issues and
           | verify correctness.
           | 
           | Im finding these workflow practices help because they force
           | me to engage meaningfully with each small piece rather than
           | rubber-stamping large, complex changes.
        
             | davnn wrote:
             | > The key insight is that smaller, well-bounded changes are
             | exponentially easier to review thoroughly.
             | 
             | I am not sure if that is the real insight. It appears to me
             | that most people prefer small, well-bounded changes, but
             | it's quite tricky to break down large tasks into small but
             | meaningful changes, isn't it? To me, that appears to be the
             | key.
        
         | dgb23 wrote:
         | I want to add something to this which is rarely discussed.
         | 
         | I personally value focus and flow extremely highly when I'm
         | programming. Code assistance often breaks and prevents that in
         | subtle ways. Which is why I've been turning it off much more
         | frequently.
         | 
         | In an ironic way, using assistance more regularly helped me
         | realize little inefficiencies, distractions and bad habits and
         | potential improvements while programming:
         | 
         | I mean that in a very broad sense, including mindset, tooling,
         | taking notes, operationalizing, code navigation, recognizing
         | when to switch from thinking/design to programming/prototyping,
         | code organization... There are many little things that I could
         | improve, practice and streamline.
         | 
         | So I disagree with this statement at a fundamental level:
         | 
         | > The technical skill of writing code has been largely
         | commoditized (...)
         | 
         | In some cases, I find setting yourself up to get into a flow or
         | just high focus state and then writing code very effective,
         | because there's a stronger connection with the program, my
         | inner mental model of how it works in a more intricate manner.
         | 
         | To me there are two important things to learn at the moment:
         | Recognizing what type of approach I should be using when and
         | setting myself up to use each of them more effectively.
        
           | thrwthsnw wrote:
           | Just move up an abstraction level and put that flow into
           | planning the features and decomposing them into well defined
           | tasks that can be assigned to agents. Could also write really
           | polished example code to communicate the style and
           | architectural patterns and add full test coverage for it.
           | 
           | I do notice the same lack of flow when using an agent since
           | you have to wait for it to finish but as others have
           | suggested if you set up a few worktrees and have a really
           | good implementation plan you can use that time to get another
           | agent started or review the code of a separate run and that
           | might lend itself to a type of flow where you're keeping the
           | whole design of the project in your head and rapidly
           | iterating on it.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | > Just move up an abstraction level and put that flow into
             | planning the features and decomposing them into well
             | defined tasks that can be assigned to agents
             | 
             | This doesn't work because you still have to read and verify
             | all of the stuff your agents produce
             | 
             | So the new workflow is: Move up an abstraction level to use
             | an agent to produce code Then move down an abstraction
             | level to review the code it produces
             | 
             | This sounds like way more cognitive overhead and way harder
             | (and therefore probably slower) to do than just writing the
             | code by hand in a good flow
        
             | dgb23 wrote:
             | There's something fundamentally different between writing
             | the program directly that you visualize in your head versus
             | staying one level away and reviewing someone else's code.
             | I'm really talking about the former.
        
         | prmph wrote:
         | What the heck, the code generation _is_ absolutely still a
         | bottle-neck.
         | 
         | I dare anyone who making these arguments that LLMs have removed
         | the need for actual programming skill, for example, to share in
         | a virtual pair programming session with me, and I will
         | demonstrate their basic inability to do _any_ moderately
         | complex coding in short order. Yes, I think that's the only way
         | to resolve this controversy. If they have some magic sauce for
         | prompting, they should post a session or chat that can be
         | verified by other (even if not exactly repeatable).
         | 
         | Yesterday almost my whole day was wasted because I chose to
         | attack a problem primarily by using Claude 4 Sonnet. Having to
         | hand hold it every step of the way, continually keep correcting
         | basic type and logic errors (even ones I had corrected
         | previously in the same session), and in the end it just could
         | solve the challenge I gave it.
         | 
         | I have to be cynical and believe those shouting about LLMs
         | taking over technical skill must have lots of stock in the AI
         | companies.
        
           | coffeefirst wrote:
           | Indeed.
           | 
           | All this "productivity" has not resulted in one meaningful
           | open source PR or one interesting indie app launch, and I
           | can't square my own experience with the hype machine.
           | 
           | If it's not all hat and no cattle, someone should be able to
           | show me some cows.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Why do that when they can ignore you and keep living in
             | their bubble?
        
             | DontchaKnowit wrote:
             | I find this hard to believe- how would you even know if
             | someone used AI in producing a PR or indie product? Are you
             | omniscient?
             | 
             | Further, there are articles here on HN all the time about
             | people using AI for actual serious work. Heres a pretty
             | significant example :
             | 
             | https://sean.heelan.io/2025/05/22/how-i-used-o3-to-find-
             | cve-...
        
             | tonyedgecombe wrote:
             | >I can't square my own experience with the hype machine.
             | 
             | Me neither. My gut feeling is it's the inexperienced who
             | gain the most from generative AI. That does seem to be
             | confirmed by papers like this:
             | 
             | https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/workers-
             | less-e...
             | 
             | At most I've found it helps with some of the routine work
             | but saving a few minutes typing doesn't offset the problems
             | it creates.
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | I find it hard to believe the inexperienced would benefit
               | at all. Ai assisted coding requires serious general
               | experience in all matters software to get good value out
               | of it.
        
             | azeirah wrote:
             | I dunno, as an engineer who likes to make side projects, I
             | can say with high certainty that LLMs have helped me
             | compensate for things I'm worse at when coding a product.
             | 
             | I'm good at the engineering side of things, I'm good at UI,
             | I'm good at UX, I'm good at css, I'm just not good at
             | design.
             | 
             | So I tell the LLM to do it for me. It works incredibly
             | well.
             | 
             | I don't know if it's a net increase in productivity for me,
             | but I am absolutely certain that it is a net increase in my
             | ability to ship a more complete product.
        
               | coffeefirst wrote:
               | That makes perfect sense to me. I'm finding real value in
               | natural language search for code and docs, and "remind me
               | how to do X."
               | 
               | It's the extraordinary claims of 10x speed and crazy
               | autopilot that have me looking around for missing cows.
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | I don't think AI marks the end of software engineers, but it
           | absolutely can grind out code for well specified, well scoped
           | problem statements in quarter-minutes that would take a human
           | an hour or so.
           | 
           | To me, this makes my exploration workflow vastly different.
           | Instead of stopping at the first thing that isn't obviously
           | broken, I can now explore nearby "what if it was slightly
           | different in this way?"
           | 
           | I think that gets to a better outcome faster in perhaps
           | 10-25% of software engineering work. That's huge and today is
           | the least capable these AI assistants will ever be.
           | 
           | Even just the human/social/mind-meld aspects will be
           | meaningful. If it can make a dev team of 7 capable of making
           | the thing that used to take a dev team of 8, that's around
           | 15% less human coordination needed overall to get the product
           | out. (This might even turn out to be half the benefit of
           | productivity enhancing tools.)
        
             | skydhash wrote:
             | > _Instead of stopping at the first thing that isn't
             | obviously broken, I can now explore nearby "what if it was
             | slightly different in this way?"_
             | 
             | What? Software engineering is about problem solving, not
             | finding the first thing that works and called it a day.
             | More often than not, you have too many solutions and the
             | one that's implemented is the result of a list of decisions
             | you've taken.
             | 
             | > _If it can make a dev team of 7 capable of making the
             | thing that used to take a dev team of 8, that 's around 15%
             | less human coordination needed overall to get the product
             | out._
             | 
             | You should really read the mythical man month.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I credit my understanding of the incredible costs
               | relating to the increased need for coordination and the
               | sharply decreasing return on productivity for additional
               | people to _The Mythical Man Month_.
               | 
               | I don't take credit for the value of being able to do
               | with 7 what currently takes 8, but rather ascribe it to
               | the ideas of Fred Brooks (and others).
        
           | numpad0 wrote:
           | Last week I was like, I might as well vibe code with free
           | Gemini and steal his credit than researching something
           | destined to be horrible as Android Camera2 API, and found out
           | that at least me using this version of Gemini do better if I
           | prompt it in a... casual language.
           | 
           | "ok now i want xyz for pqr using stu can you make code that
           | do" rather than "I'm wondering if...", with lowercase I and
           | zero softening languages. So as far as my experience goes,
           | tiny details in prompting matter and said details can be
           | unexpected ones.
           | 
           | I mean, please someone just downvote and tell me it's MY
           | skill issue.
        
             | schindlabua wrote:
             | I totally just verbalize my inner monologue, swearing and
             | everything. Sometimes I just type "weeeeeeeelllllll" and
             | send it, to get more LLM output or to have it provide
             | alternatives.
             | 
             | It might sound weird but I try to make the LLM comfortable.
             | Because I find you get worse results when you point out
             | mistake after mistake and it goes into apologetic mode.
             | Also because being nice puts me in a better mood and it
             | makes my own programming better.
             | 
             | vibe coding as it were :p
        
           | sgarland wrote:
           | > Yesterday almost my whole day was wasted because I chose to
           | attack a problem primarily by using Claude 4 Sonnet
           | 
           | I have been extremely cynical about LLMs up _until_ Claude 4.
           | For the specific project I 've been using it on, it's done
           | spectacularly well at specific asks - namely, performance and
           | memory optimization in C code used as a Python library.
        
           | ofjcihen wrote:
           | It's interesting that your point about wasting time makes a
           | second point in your favor as well.
           | 
           | If you don't have the knowledge that begets the skills to do
           | this work then you would never have known you were wasting
           | your time or at least how to stop wasting time.
           | 
           | LLM fanboys don't want to hear this but you can't
           | successfully use these tools without also having the skills.
        
           | whatarethembits wrote:
           | Honestly, its mind boggling. Am I the worst prompter ever?
           | 
           | I have three python files (~4k LOC total) that I wanted to
           | refactor with help from Claude 4 (Opus and Sonnet) and I
           | followed Reed Harper's LLM workflow...the results are
           | shockingly bad. It produces an okay plan, albeit full of
           | errors, but usable with heavy editing. In the next step
           | though, most of the code it produced was pretty much
           | unusable. It would've been far quicker for me to just do it
           | myself. I've been trying to get LLMs on various tasks to help
           | me be faster but I'm just not seeing it! There is definitely
           | value in it in helping to straighten out ideas in my head and
           | using it as StackOverflow on roids but that's where the
           | utility starts to hit a wall for me.
           | 
           | Who are these people who are "blown away" by the results and
           | declaring an end to programming as we know it? What are they
           | making? Surely there ought to be more detailed demos of a
           | technology that's purported to be this revolutionary!?
           | 
           | I'm going to write a blog post with what I started with,
           | every prompt I wrote to get a task done and responses from
           | LLMs. Its been challenging to find a detailed writeup of
           | implementing a realistic programming project; all I'm finding
           | is small one off scripts (Simon Willison's blog) and CRUD
           | scaffolding so far.
        
             | schindlabua wrote:
             | I think you're supposed to let the AI write the bad python
             | code and then do the refactoring yourself. No way I'm
             | letting the AI make changes to 150 files with tons of
             | cross-concerns when I don't even fully understand it all
             | myself unless I dig into the code.
             | 
             | That being said copilot and chatgpt have been a 40%
             | productivity boost at least. I just write types that are as
             | tightly fitting as possible, and segregate code based on
             | what side effects are going to happen, stub a few function
             | heads and let the LLM fill in the gaps. I'm so much faster
             | at coding than I was 2-3 years ago. It's like I'm designing
             | the codebase more than writing it.
        
             | prmph wrote:
             | I couldn't agree more. This has been my exact experience.
             | 
             | Like you I'll probably write a blog post and show, prompt
             | by prompt, just how shockingly bad Claude frequently is.
             | And it's supposed to be one of the best at AI assisted
             | coding, which mean the others are even worse.
             | 
             | That'll either convince people, match their experiences, or
             | show me up to be the worst prompter ever.
        
           | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
           | > I have to be cynical and believe those shouting about LLMs
           | taking over technical skill must have lots of stock in the AI
           | companies.
           | 
           | I'm far from being a "vibe" LLM supporter/advocate (if
           | anything I'm the opposite, despite using Copilot on a regular
           | basis).
           | 
           | But, have you seen this? Seems to be the only example of
           | someone actually putting their "proompts" where their mouth
           | is, in a manner of speaking.
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44159166
        
           | prmph wrote:
           | Edit for the parent comment:
           | 
           | > in the end it just could NOT solve the challenge I gave it.
        
         | steveBK123 wrote:
         | So really the same two skills that a senior engineer needs to
         | delegate tasks to juniors & review the results..
        
           | skydhash wrote:
           | Nope, dealing with juniors is way less frustrating because
           | they learn. So overtime, you can increase the complexity of
           | their tasks until they're no longer junior.
        
             | steveBK123 wrote:
             | Agreed on that point, and my question for a lot of the AI
             | bros has been "what would you actually do with unlimited
             | interns who never improve much?"
             | 
             | For me, not much! Others may differ.
             | 
             | In my own experience interns are a net drag. New college
             | hires flip positive after 3-6 months.. if they are really
             | good. Many takes upwards of a year.
        
               | strgcmc wrote:
               | I do agree that "unlimited interns who don't improve
               | much" is less practically useful than it might seem at
               | first, but OTOH "never improve much" seems unrealistic,
               | given the insane progress of the field in the last 3ish
               | years (or think back 5 years and tell me who was
               | realistically predicting tools like Claude Code to even
               | exist by 2025).
               | 
               | Also, there's a decently large subset of small startups
               | where there's 1 technical founder and a team of contract
               | labor, trying to build that first MVP or cranking out
               | early features in a huge rush to stay alive, where yeah,
               | cheap unlimited interns might actually be meaningfully
               | useful or economically more attractive than whatever
               | they're doing now. Founders kind of have a perverse
               | incentive, where a CTO doesn't need to solo code the
               | first MVP, and also doesn't need to share/hand-out equity
               | or make early hires quittteee as early, if unlimited
               | interns can scale that CTO's solo productivity for a bit
               | longer than the before-times.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | > _Also, there 's a decently large subset of small
               | startups where there's 1 technical founder and a team of
               | contract labor, trying to build that first MVP or
               | cranking out early features in a huge rush to stay alive,
               | where yeah, cheap unlimited interns might actually be
               | meaningfully useful or economically more attractive than
               | whatever they're doing now_
               | 
               | That's when experienced developers are a huge plus. They
               | know how to cut corners in a way that will not hurt that
               | much in the long term. It's more often intern level that
               | are proposing stuff like next.js, kubernetes, cloud-
               | native,... that will grind you to a halt once the first
               | bugs appear.
               | 
               | A very small team of good engineers will get you much
               | further than any army of intern level coders.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Yeah "actually good engineers" are like a 10:1 ratio with
               | intern/new college hire/junior consultant level.
               | 
               | Not to generalize too much but if you are contracting out
               | to some agency for junior levels, you are generally
               | paying markup on coders who couldn't find better direct
               | hire jobs to start with. At least with mid/senior level
               | you can get into more of a hired-gun deal for someone who
               | is between gigs/working part time/buy a share of their
               | time you couldn't afford full-time.
               | 
               | In fact most junior consultants you are basically paying
               | for the privilege to train other peoples employees who
               | will then be billed at a higher rate back to you when
               | they improve.. if they don't move on otherwise.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > but OTOH "never improve much" seems unrealistic, given
               | the insane progress of the field in the last 3ish years
               | 
               | The point is that no one should hire an intern or a
               | junior because they think it will improve their team's
               | productivity. You hire interns and juniors because
               | there's a causal link between "I hired an intern and
               | spent money training them" and "they joined my company
               | full time and a year later are now productive,
               | contributing members of the team". It's an investment in
               | the future, not a productivity boost today.
               | 
               | There _is no causal link_ between  "I aggressively
               | adopted Claude Code in 2025" and "Claude Code in 2026
               | functions as a full software engineer without
               | babysitting". If I sit around and wait a year without
               | adopting Claude Code that will have no measurable impact
               | on Claude Code's 2026 performance, so why would I adopt
               | it now if it's still at intern- or junior-level skill?
               | 
               | If we accept that Claude is a junior-level contribution
               | then the rational move is to wait and watch for now and
               | only adopt it in earnest if and when it uplevels.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Precisely - AI getting better or not has nothing to do
               | with my burning cycles using it. My juniors do improve
               | based on my effort. I can free ride on AI getting good
               | enough later (wait) whereas I cannot with my own team of
               | juniors.
               | 
               | > 1 technical founder and a team of contract labor,
               | trying to build that first MVP or cranking out early
               | features in a huge rush
               | 
               | Having worked in environments with a large number of
               | junior contractors... this is generally a recipe for a
               | lot of effort with resulting output that neither works
               | technically nor actually delivers features.
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | "hired an intern and spent money training them" and "they
               | joined my company full time and a year later are now
               | productive"
               | 
               | Why would I do that if I can have sombody else pay for
               | the training then poach them when they are ready?
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Which is exactly why no one's hiring juniors anymore. It
               | made sense back when the market for hiring engineers was
               | super competitive and it was easier to gamble on being
               | able to keep a junior than it was to try to snag a
               | senior. But now that there are seniors galore on the
               | market who would bother with a junior?
        
               | ironman1478 wrote:
               | What are you doing to actually keep them at your company?
               | I left a company after they invested a lot in training
               | me. They gave me very little raises and already paid
               | poorly, no guaranteed bonus, bad vacation hours, and no
               | opportunities for promotion. They were shocked when I
               | left, even though I had asked for very modest raises and
               | was way more productive than the "seniors" at the
               | company.
               | 
               | Most companies outside of FAANGs treat their talented
               | juniors like crap, so of course they'll leave.
        
               | skydhash wrote:
               | > _In my own experience interns are a net drag. New
               | college hires flip positive after 3-6 months.. if they
               | are really good. Many takes upwards of a year._
               | 
               | And mostly their output is not really about incorrect
               | code, but more likely incorrect approaches. By reviewing
               | their code, you find gaps in their knowledge which you
               | can then correct. They're here to learn, not to produce
               | huge amount of code. The tasks are more for practice and
               | evaluation than things you critically need.
               | 
               | I don't want to work with a junior, but I'm more than
               | happy to guide them to be someone I can work with.
        
             | AndrewKemendo wrote:
             | Disagree. Some learn, not all and decreasing numbers career
             | to learn
             | 
             | Also most juniors have no idea how to write tests, plan for
             | data scale, know which IPC-RPC combo is best for
             | prototyping vs production
             | 
             | Etc...
             | 
             | 90% of software is architecture and juniors don't architect
        
               | macNchz wrote:
               | > Disagree. Some learn, not all and decreasing numbers
               | career to learn
               | 
               | This is an organizational issue then--someone who is
               | operating at a junior level who demonstrates that they
               | don't care to learn should be let go.
        
               | AndrewKemendo wrote:
               | We're saying the same thing
               | 
               | The business threshold (willingness to pay for something)
               | for the worst automation will eventually beat the
               | marginal expert.
               | 
               | So there becomes no business differentiation between a
               | junior and a middle engineer
               | 
               | "Architecture" becomes the entry-level job
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | But they are so cheap, and they increase the headcount on
               | my pfiefdom chart.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Yes, a combination of empire building and "but $X exceeds
               | the $Y cap set by HR for Z role! / we can hire XX juniors
               | for this price!" type of mega corp thinking.
        
             | CodeMage wrote:
             | Bingo! Not to mention that "dealing with juniors" is one of
             | the critical ways for a senior engineer to grow.
        
           | AndrewKemendo wrote:
           | This is exactly how to use it and exactly why it's a huge
           | deal
           | 
           | In my experience so far, the people that aren't getting value
           | out of LLM code assistants, fundamentally like the process of
           | writing code and using the tooling
           | 
           | All of my senior, staff, principals love it because we can
           | make something faster than having to deal with a junior
           | because it's trivial to write the spec/requirement for Claude
           | etc...
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | > In my experience so far, the people that aren't getting
             | value out of LLM code assistants, fundamentally like the
             | process of writing code and using the tooling
             | 
             | > All of my senior, staff, principals love it because we
             | can make something faster than having to deal with a junior
             | because it's trivial to write the spec/requirement for
             | Claude etc...
             | 
             | Hm, interesting. As someone who has found zero joy and
             | value in using LLMs, this rings true to me. Setting aside
             | the numerous glaring errors I get every time I try to use
             | one, even if the tools were perfect, I don't think I would
             | enjoy using them. I enjoy programming, thinking about how
             | to break down a problem and form abstractions and fit those
             | into the tools the language I'm writing in gives me. I
             | enjoy learning and using the suite of Unix tools like grep
             | and sed and vim to think about how to efficiently write and
             | transform code. The end product isn't the fun part, the fun
             | part is _making_ the end product. If software engineering
             | just becomes explaining stuff in English to a machine and
             | having some software pop out... then I think the industry
             | just isn 't for me anymore. I don't want to hand the fun
             | part over to a machine.
             | 
             | It's like how I enjoy going to my wood shop to build tables
             | instead of going to Ikea. It would be cheaper and faster
             | and honestly maybe even better quality to go to Ikea, but
             | the joy is in the knowledge and skill it takes to build the
             | table from rough lumber.
        
               | AndrewKemendo wrote:
               | Software at scale is a business function
               | 
               | You're describing a hobby/artistry process
               | 
               | You can still do all that, the same way that you can
               | still build a table at your house.
               | 
               | But the number of number of handmade table builders is
               | going to drop to effectively zero for the majority of
               | table building going forward
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | I'm not sure I agree that _will_ happen, but if it does,
               | then yeah like I said, it 's probably my cue to exit the
               | industry. If the fun goes out of the job, there's other
               | things I'd rather do than sit inside alone and stare at a
               | screen all day.
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | "As someone who has found zero joy and value in using
               | LLMs"
               | 
               | I love programming but find zero joy in front-end coding.
               | For me LLM's solved that bit nicely. I'm sure a real
               | webdev would do better, but I can't afford it for my
               | personal projects and the LLM helped me to get it done
               | more than good=enoug for my needs.
        
             | CodeMage wrote:
             | > All of my senior, staff, principals love it because we
             | can make something faster than having to deal with a junior
             | because it's trivial to write the spec/requirement for
             | Claude etc...
             | 
             | How will you make new senior, staff, and principal
             | engineers without "having to deal with a junior"?
        
               | AndrewKemendo wrote:
               | You don't in the long term
               | 
               | It's just like "calculator" used to be a manual human job
               | in engineering
               | 
               | Los Alamos, NASA etc... literally had 100s of individual
               | humans running long calculations that computers didn't
               | have the memory to handle
               | 
               | There are no more human computers
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | You hire seniors from other companies ofc.
        
         | TaupeRanger wrote:
         | That's a narrow view of the issue described in the blog post.
         | You're coming at this from the perspective of a software
         | engineer, which is understandable given the website we're
         | posting on, but the post is really focusing on something higher
         | level - the ability to decide whether the problems you're
         | decomposing and the code you're reviewing is for something
         | "good" or "worthwhile" in the first place. Claude could
         | "decompose problems" and "review code" 10x better than it
         | currently does, but if the thing it's making is useless,
         | awkward, or otherwise bad (because of prompts given by people
         | without the qualities in the blog post), it won't matter.
        
         | eweise wrote:
         | "these require deep understanding of the domain, the codebase,
         | and good software engineering principles" Most of this AI can
         | figure out eventually, except maybe the domain. But essentially
         | software engineering will look a lot like product management in
         | a few years.
        
           | virgilp wrote:
           | As a (very good I would say) product manager once told me -
           | the product vision and strategy depends very much on the
           | ability to execute. The market doesn't stand still, and what
           | you _can_ do defines very much what you _should_ do.
           | 
           | What I mean to say here is that not even product management
           | is reduced to just "understand the domain" - so it kinda'
           | feels that your entire prediction leans on overly-simplified
           | assumptions.
        
         | bcrosby95 wrote:
         | This would be at least the third time in history we've tried to
         | shunt writing code to low paid labor. We'll see if it's
         | successful this time.
         | 
         | The problem tends to be that small details affect large details
         | which affect small details. If you aren't good at both you're
         | usually shit at both.
        
           | mlinhares wrote:
           | The problem wasn't low paid labor, it was just incompetent
           | labor. You can find competent developers in all these
           | countries offering lower pay, India, Brazil, Romania, Poland,
           | China, Pakistan, its just that they would already be hired by
           | other higher paying companies and what is left for the ones
           | that are looking for the lowest paid possible workers are the
           | incompetent ones.
        
             | Suppafly wrote:
             | >its just that they would already be hired by other higher
             | paying companies and what is left for the ones that are
             | looking for the lowest paid possible workers are the
             | incompetent ones
             | 
             | Reminds of me working in IT. One company tried to outsource
             | my job to India five different times before they were
             | mostly successful at it. The companies that are successful
             | aren't the ones that assume it'll cost 1/10th the price,
             | they are the ones that know it'll cost 60+% of the price
             | and still require some handholding.
             | 
             | If you're hiring on price alone, you're already selecting
             | the pool that doesn't contain the most competent labor.
        
           | wvoch235 wrote:
           | IMO attempts to make it low paid work will fail, just like
           | almost every STEM profession. But... the number of engineers
           | that we need who operate as "power multipliers" on team will
           | continue to decrease. Many startup and corporate teams
           | already aren't needing junior/mid level engineers any longer.
           | 
           | They just need "drivers", senior/lead/staff engineers that
           | can run independent tracks. AI becomes the "power multiplier"
           | in the teams who amplify the effects of the "driver".
           | 
           | Many people pretend that 10x engineers don't exist. But
           | anyone who has worked on an adequately high performing team
           | at a large (or small) company knows that skill, and quite
           | frankly intelligence, operate on power laws.
           | 
           | The bottom 3 quartiles will be virtually unemployable. Talent
           | in the top quartile will be impossible to find because
           | they're all employed. Not all that unlike today, though which
           | quartile you fall into is largely going to depend on how
           | "great" of an engineer you are AND how effectively you use
           | AI.
           | 
           | As this happens, the tap of new engineers who are learning
           | how to make it into the top quartile, will cutoff for
           | everyone except for those who are passionate/sadistic enough
           | to programming without AI, then learn to program WITH AI.
           | 
           | Meanwhile the number of startups disrupting corporate
           | monopolies will increase as the cost of labor goes down due
           | to lower headcount requirements. Lower head counts will lead
           | to better team communication and in general business
           | efficiency.
           | 
           | At some point the upper quartile will get automated too. And
           | with that, corporate moats evaporate to solo-entrepreneurs
           | and startups. The ship is sinking, but the ocean is about to
           | boil too. When economic formulas start dividing by zero, we
           | can be pretty sure that we can't predict the impact.
        
         | esafak wrote:
         | You still need to be able to code to recognize when it's done
         | poorly, and to write the technical specification.
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | Grok3: "The phrase "There is no royal road to geometry" is
       | attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid. According
       | to historical accounts, particularly from the philosopher
       | Proclus, Euclid reportedly said this to Ptolemy I Soter, the
       | ruler of Egypt, when the king asked if there was a shorter or
       | easier way to learn geometry. Euclid's response emphasized that
       | geometry, like any rigorous discipline, requires effort and
       | dedication, with no shortcuts even for royalty."
       | 
       | You can use AI as a royal road, but it may or may not prove an
       | effective substitute for the learning required to provide
       | judgement.
        
       | monero-xmr wrote:
       | Nothing stopped anyone from hiring 10 to 100 offshore devs for
       | every American software dev for the last 20 years. Yet Google,
       | Amazon, Microsoft, and so on paid top dollar for the Americans.
       | 
       | And American business still pays top dollar. Even more than
       | before. The judgement was always the problem. If the issue was
       | bodies in seats the problem was already solved.
       | 
       | The #1 cause of layoffs in America is offshoring caused by Zoom
       | and other telework tools perfected during COVID. AI is a
       | convenient excuse.
       | 
       | Pop music is mostly _not_ about music quality - hits are always
       | passable - but about celebrity. The rare song that elevates a new
       | artist quickly converts them into celebrity, which converts
       | future songs in their style into further hits 100,000x easier
       | than before. Maybe even 1 billion times easier than before given
       | the amount of songs created every year. Yet AI is supposedly an
       | expert at generating music, and images, and video, and code, and
       | on and on.
       | 
       | I'm not seeing the evidence of layoffs from AI. I'm seeing
       | evidence of better productivity from existing employees, which is
       | the same result of every groundbreaking technology since all
       | time.
        
         | MangoToupe wrote:
         | > Pop music is mostly not about music quality - hits are always
         | passable - but about celebrity.
         | 
         | Interesting and bold statement. How do you distinguish the two?
        
           | kusokurae wrote:
           | Worth mentioning here that historically a lot of the famous
           | pop hits have had plenty of interesting technical decisions
           | typically only a mature composer would come up with. Weird
           | short bars, time signature stuff, temporary key changes,
           | weird jazz chords etc. You don't notice them because they're
           | refined choices.
        
           | monero-xmr wrote:
           | Whatever schlock Taylor Swift manufactures next will be a
           | global hit. Doesn't matter the quality
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | It would be an interesting experiment to have a global
             | music star do a Richard Bachman.
        
           | simianwords wrote:
           | Empirically: by randomly asking N participants to rate pop
           | music made by a celeb and by an indie band and observing if
           | these participants were able to identify the celeb
           | statistically.
        
         | CuriouslyC wrote:
         | The thing that stopped people from hiring 10-100 offshore devs
         | per American dev lead/architect was communication primarily,
         | with quality floor being an additional factor. Plenty of
         | American companies have "hired 10-100 offshore devs" per
         | American lead/architect, but they call it a foreign office,
         | they solve the communication problem by having on-site managers
         | that can serve as proxies, and they solve the quality floor
         | problem by having the office in countries where the locals have
         | strong expertise.
         | 
         | If AI can solve the communication and quality floor problems
         | (it's pretty close), having 100 agents per dev lead/architect
         | becomes perfectly viable.
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > they solve the communication problem by having on-site
           | managers that can serve as proxies, and they solve the
           | quality floor problem by having the office in countries where
           | the locals have strong expertise.
           | 
           | I think this problem goes deeper: there exist lots of
           | countries where people are strong in programming, but from my
           | work experience, the whole "programming culture" (how to
           | approach problems; how to structure the program; ...) differs
           | quite a bit between countries. So, from other countries you
           | can get great programs, but the style can differ quite a bit
           | from what you are used to.
        
       | Fr3dd1 wrote:
       | Today, if someone uses LLMs for code generation, he/she will
       | probably question the generated code and will put his own
       | judgement above it. I am curious how fast that will change,
       | especially for juniors. When will they start to question their
       | own judgement and just go with the generated code becuase its
       | "more safe"?
        
         | kusokurae wrote:
         | At present, when juniors do this at my company, they usually
         | get fired within the month. The onboarding docs now explicitly
         | state that though code review is a joint-responsibility
         | process, you as the submitter are responsible for understanding
         | it, ensuring it all works, and being aware of the broader scope
         | and consequences. Maybe many companies have placed more
         | responsibility on the reviewier to catch problems in the past?
        
           | Fr3dd1 wrote:
           | I would go a step further and dont let juniors use LLMs for
           | code generation. The purpose and your role as a junior is to
           | not only work but also to learn. When using genrated code,
           | you miss a lot of opportunities to do so. Of course you could
           | learn of some other methods or stuff from the frameworks you
           | are using but imho thats not that big of an advantage.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | Probably when the generated code is, on average, better than
         | human-generated code. Somewhere between 1 and 10 years out.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | LLMs are very good at sounding right. I'm sure the code
         | generated from them are rarely reviewed by junior developers.
         | Even if they did question it i bet they give the LLM the
         | benefit of the doubt. "Well the computer said this so it must
         | be right otherwise it would be a bug and I bet Anthropic has
         | caught all the bugs..."
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | Human judgement is like a house built on sand, it is basically
       | provably feeble [0]. I've literally never in practice seen a
       | human update their beliefs using Bayes' formula. I suspect we'll
       | find that at some point fairly soon AIs will just have better
       | judgement than us because they can be programmed to incorporate
       | formal statistical concepts while humans have to rely on evolving
       | grey goop which we haven't quite mastered. I imagine it'll be
       | almost comical watching human experts going up against a system
       | that can actually intuit the difference between a 60% and 70%
       | chance of something happening in their risk calculations.
       | 
       | Humans will still have a role expressing preferences and
       | subjective questions though. Questions like "how much risk do you
       | want your investments to take?" or "does this look good?"
       | ultimately can't be answered by AIs because they depend on the
       | internal state of a human.
       | 
       | [0] See also, the academic field of psychology
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > I've literally never in practice seen a human update their
         | beliefs using Bayes' formula.
         | 
         | Then you've never debugged anything genuinely difficult.
         | 
         | Moving from "Where did I screw up in my code?" to "Is this
         | library broken?" to "Wait, that's not possible. Let's look at
         | the compiler output on Godbolt." to "Are you kidding me? The
         | SPI system returns garbage in the last bit for transactions of
         | 8n+1 bits?" (BTW, Espressif, please fix that in the C6.
         | Kthxbye.) is all about establishing ground truth and adjusting
         | your Bayesian priors as you gather evidence.
        
         | Corey_ wrote:
         | Humans may not update like Bayesians, but we read context,
         | shift priorities, and act under pressure. Judgment isn't just
         | math -- it's lived experience, intuition, and meaning in
         | motion. That's still hard to replicate.
        
       | CleverLikeAnOx wrote:
       | This blog post shows how not to use AI. The author would have
       | been unlikely to write such a uselessly redundant conclusion if
       | they had to type it themselves.
       | 
       | Edit: I like the post, but it didn't need to be padded with
       | fluff.
        
         | Veen wrote:
         | We shouldn't be too quick to jump to "AI did it." People write
         | redundant paragraphs and sentences in articles all the time
         | because they're led to believe that every article needs a
         | conclusion that sums up what's already been said. Ironically,
         | including one in this article showed a lack of good judgment,
         | which isn't confined to AIs.
        
           | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
           | It does show an interesting second order downside of publicly
           | using an LLM for anything: it raises everyone else's
           | suspicion that the rest of your work is LLM generated.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | A certain amount of redundancy can be helpful. If you explain
           | the same thing two different ways, one way might make more
           | sense than the other to a particular reader. The judgement
           | comes in because you should not just be doing this by rote or
           | because you were "lead to believe" it was necessary, but in
           | consideration of who you are writing for.
        
         | wiseowise wrote:
         | Where do you think LLMs learn to write "uselessly redundant
         | conclusion"?
        
       | westcoast49 wrote:
       | Music was never an issue of skill. You might have _needed_ skill
       | in order to get to the point where you could use your judgement,
       | but skill was never the deciding factor. So, I don 't agree with
       | Brian Eno's point that there has been some kind of seismic shift
       | when it comes to this. Rather, it's just a matter of a shift in
       | the _type of skill_ that you need to have. The same is probably
       | true when it comes to AI tools within the field of programming.
        
         | drewcoo wrote:
         | Getting a seat in a symphony involves skill. Brian Eno didn't
         | just do rock.
        
           | Tarq0n wrote:
           | Ever seen a photoshop expert at work? Every human endeavor
           | has a skill distribution. Hammering in a nail takes skill.
        
           | westcoast49 wrote:
           | I'm just arguing that there has been no qualitative shift.
           | The skills you need to produce pop music today are different
           | than the skills that you needed before. Now you need to be
           | able to operate a MIDI sequencer or a program like Ableton,
           | which is not necessarily easier in and off itself, than for
           | instance learning how to play a guitar. I think it's the same
           | with AI tools and programming. We're just talking about a
           | different set of skills that you need in order to be
           | competitive. I don't think there has been any real shift from
           | "skill needed" to "judgement needed". I think this
           | relationship remains the same, both for pop music and
           | programming, but also for the example of playing an
           | instrument in a symphony orchestra.
        
       | physicsguy wrote:
       | A similar debate has happened in education where people seem to
       | think that having ability to critically analyse texts is more
       | important than knowledge. and to some degree that's true but
       | personally I think that without building on some decent level of
       | foundational level of knowledge and having a mental model of a
       | subject, you can't tackle thorny questions because you don't have
       | enough to draw upon as examples and counterpoints about how to
       | proceed.
       | 
       | My current employer is currently going on a top down driven "one
       | tech" mission and trying to rationalise the technology stacks
       | across diverse product lines. Which is all fine but the judgement
       | is a poor one because the biggest developer bottleneck that comes
       | up in internal developer surveys is the corporate mandated IT
       | things and a relatively hostile setup without even local admin
       | rights, which make sense for general office workers and don't
       | make sense at all for software developers.
        
         | Wololooo wrote:
         | Reminds me of that concept that I saw pop up in HEP in recent
         | years between "users" and "experts".
         | 
         | This distinction in that case is so dumb I cannot wrap my head
         | around it: You first encounter the code, are unfamiliar with it
         | but very quickly you become expert in order to solve your
         | problem and advance the thing forward.
         | 
         | It does not matter which codebase you start on, what matters is
         | that you understand what the actual stack does and what is
         | involved in there because people are supposed to understand
         | deeply what they are doing.
         | 
         | But this comes from the "corporatisation" of every single
         | entity, where random metrics are used in order to assess
         | performance instead of asking the simple question of "does it
         | work" or "does it need fixing" or "will this thing break".
         | 
         | There is a clear disconnect between the manager type people
         | that are removed from the work and the managers still doing
         | things practically, which understand what the stressors are and
         | where some work of deep understanding and extra
         | contextualisation of the systems, is required, in order to not
         | mess the whole thing up.
         | 
         | This being said, this is coming from a very peculiar
         | perspective and with a very specific tech stack which is and is
         | not industry standard at many levels...
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | High-energy physics?
        
             | Wololooo wrote:
             | Yes, sorry I should not have abbreviated that...
             | Professional deformation...
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Pas de probleme, merci beaucoup!
        
         | mihaaly wrote:
         | Education itself is supposed to teach us learning, not the mere
         | facts/methods, not just the hard knowledge. Hard knowledge
         | comes with it anyway as some sort of 'side product'. You cant
         | learn on nothing, something will be used for it, that something
         | forms the hard knowledge eventually. Typically broad set but
         | shallow hard knowledge.
         | 
         | Ironicly, this is what I feel chipping away in modern
         | collaborative developments. The appreciation of learning
         | capability. In the self interest of the organization (short
         | term self interest, long term is too unpredictable, so does not
         | exists in the practice) specific technical knowledge parcticed
         | individuals are sought out for the purpose of easy replacement:
         | not to be dependent on personnel, have it like a plug and play
         | component. The ability to learn is not valuable while inside
         | the organization. Should be practiced enough for years
         | beforehand and applied intensely after joined. For the sake of
         | claiming evolving organization the teaching may be outsourced
         | in a very limited time to some sort of external enterprise
         | making money on disseminating hard knowledge with made up
         | examples or generic (artificial) applicability, instead of
         | doing it in the actual context of the organization. Be part of
         | the organization. Daily. Application of the new hard knowledge
         | in the specific context of the organization will be casual by
         | the random enthusiast. If they can break through of the company
         | policy and established ways of management. Eventually the
         | policies and practicies must be rigid as well, shouldn't they,
         | so the personnel working in the management could be as easily
         | replacable as the foot soldiers of code. For the sake of the
         | organization. Call this approach the Organization Oriented
         | Development.
        
           | physicsguy wrote:
           | > You cant learn on nothing, something will be used for it,
           | that something forms the hard knowledge eventually. Typically
           | broad set but shallow hard knowledge.
           | 
           | As a counterpoint though, the way things have gone in the
           | U.K. is to go deep on niche topics without building up
           | appreciation of the broad strokes. To give an example,
           | there's a GCSE History course for 14-16 year olds where the
           | syllabus is effectively "medicine through time" and "the
           | American West" without ever going near the British Empire,
           | colonialism, the Tudor or Elizabethan periods, the
           | reformation, the Industrial Revolution, Irish home rule and
           | independence, etc. etc. any one of which gives much more
           | insight into the formation of the state and cultural affairs
           | as it stands today.
           | 
           | To my mind it's too narrow a focus at too young an age when
           | teaching a subject that a lot of children take. It also means
           | there are constantly "we don't even teach that at school"
           | debates.
        
         | dsjoerg wrote:
         | > a relatively hostile setup without even local admin rights
         | 
         | Taking a diversion into this -- how about local admin rights to
         | a virtual VM / sandboxed machine? I imagine that would allow
         | developers to be productive, while protecting everything that
         | IT wants to protect.
         | 
         | Once you do that, I imagine everyone will discover the issue
         | isn't actually _local_ admin rights, but having admin rights to
         | a machine that's on the internal network and can access
         | internal company resources. Which might mean that IT has taken
         | a strategy that once you're inside the local network, you have
         | access to lots of valuable goodies. Which is a scary strategy.
        
       | wg0 wrote:
       | The problem is - you can't judge if you're not skilled.
       | 
       | So still, get skilled. Learn everything first hand. Try to master
       | it.
       | 
       | That's how our species prevailed in the first place.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | CERT advisories are evidence that skill is necessary but
         | insufficient. There's a lot of code. We get ping ponged between
         | various sections of the code every few weeks. Other people are
         | contributing. There's a ton of ways code can look like it's
         | probably correct and not be. There are non obvious bugs
         | everywhere, and there's an element of luck to whether you're in
         | the right headspace to catch them all.
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | AI works great for providing you a starting point, and giving a
       | big picture view of how certain things work, and how you should
       | structure them.
       | 
       | Sometimes, even if you're a really seasoned software engineer,
       | you'll encounter something you haven't seen before. Maybe to the
       | point that you don't really even know what to search for to get
       | started. So instead of spending half a day scrounging various
       | forums, e-books, etc. you can ask the model, in somewhat vague
       | terms, what you're looking for - and some of the LLMs are quite
       | good at just that.
       | 
       | Now, the implementation of such things, not quite there yet. My
       | experience has been that the more obscure the problems you deal
       | with, the more obsolete code the model will spit out - with dead
       | and unsupported libraries etc.
        
       | dwoldrich wrote:
       | AI enables me to gold plate _everything_ I do, which feels
       | exhilarating, if a bit exhausting. Having decent taste and being
       | able to continuously test and verify my work allows me to smooth
       | over the occasional hallucinations and elicit towering, mind-
       | bending solutions.
       | 
       | AI's no replacement for experience; garbage in-garbage out.
       | 
       | When AI gets too good, I figure people will cloister to stop
       | feeding the beast. It can only lead to ignorance and misery, I
       | fear.
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | Can you elaborate? What kinds of things are you doing, maybe
         | something related to programming? What part of the job do you
         | delegate?
        
           | dwoldrich wrote:
           | Not delegating, just tricking everything I develop out far
           | more than I would have in the past. I'm on yet another
           | hodgepodge project in a looong, decades long series of hodge
           | and podge. AI is letting me begin to answer to my own
           | satisfaction, "what does it look like to do everything to the
           | best of my ability?"
           | 
           | In my current gig, I have an on-prem database and legacy
           | application that is human-powered software, where parts of
           | the business process never touch the computer and a human
           | does the work (mostly support stuff), (and for no good reason
           | other than this system never had real engineering support.)
           | So, I joined the team, and started to wrangle the system.
           | 
           | First thing I was asked to do was get their database code and
           | schema into source control with managed releases. The gold
           | plating process that I never would have entertained in the
           | past led me to get a migration tool installed, get a unit
           | test engine installed in the database and writing new code
           | with tests, figure out even how to refactor the big ball of
           | mud and coming up with patterns there, doing github workflows
           | to run the tests and deploy to multiple environments,
           | linters, Slack alerts.
           | 
           | It's not that I wasn't aware of all these things, I just
           | never would have done all of them _to the extent_ that I did
           | because the time needed to research it all traditionally and
           | spike the solutions would have been too great. And I
           | documented it all!
           | 
           | After the databases were basically under control and I had
           | gained the team's trust, I moved the team to start automating
           | the human-powered parts of the software. We started an admin
           | console webapp project. Again, I was heavy into AI all along
           | the way, even during requirements elicitation. Our data is a
           | rube goldberg machine of cloud and on-prem, but the majority
           | of what we need to get under control is legacy/on-prem. We
           | want the webapp to eventually be hosted in the cloud, but to
           | be close to our databases and not have to fuss with private
           | links, we decided for starters to deploy the webapp on-prem
           | next to them.
           | 
           | So, that meant figuring out how to get our github builds
           | deployed on-prem. There was this huge saga in figuring out
           | how to provision an on-prem GitHub Runner and use Powershell
           | Remoting to fan out our deployments from there to all of the
           | on-prem servers. Never EVER would I have been able to figure
           | out the permissions and powershell provisioning steps needed
           | to pull that off. It's all very gross, Windows is gross, but
           | what we've built works dependably and is secure. I probably
           | would have just used Samba or some other cheesy way to move
           | files around and trigger deployments if I didn't have AI to
           | bounce all these ideas off of.
           | 
           | Another example: we wanted our BFF microservices to
           | eventually deploy as Azure Functions, so gold plating meant
           | we had to figure out how to build and deploy functions on-
           | prem. It ended up being very productive, but again I would
           | have never entertained doing such a thing unless I could
           | bounce my ideas off AI and get credible directions on how to
           | proceed. Instead, I would have written the service as
           | trusty/crusty old Express 4.x and ported the code to
           | Functions once we made the jump to cloud. I am saving future
           | me a ton of work and heartburn!
           | 
           | At every step AI is giving me the latitude to ask, given
           | whatever nasty situation I'm in, what would be the best
           | code/most secure/nicest architecture in that case? It's
           | arduous to continually pepper it with questions and spend
           | many days zeroing in on a final solution with it. But, it
           | beats the guessing game of searching DuckDuckGo,
           | StackOverflow, and software vendors' documentation - those
           | are now the _last_ places I look for answers. (For ill, I'm
           | sure.)
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | What do you mean by gold-plating? What does _not_ gold-plating
         | look like?
        
       | overfl0w wrote:
       | This reminds me of Asimov's Jokester story where the same themes
       | are explored - there is an all-knowing computer but someone needs
       | to ask the correct questions.
       | 
       | "Early in the history of Multivac, it had become apparent that
       | the bottleneck was the questioning procedure. Multivac could
       | answer the problem of humanity, all the problems, if it were
       | asked meaningful questions. But as knowledge accumulated at an
       | ever-faster rate, it became ever more difficult to locate those
       | meaningful questions. Reason alone wouldn't do. What was needed
       | was a rare type of intuition; the same faculty of mind (only much
       | more intensified) that made a grand master at chess. A mind was
       | needed of the sort that could see through the quadrillions of
       | chess patterns to find the one best move, and do it in a matter
       | of minutes."
        
         | stopthe wrote:
         | That chess metaphor didn't age well
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | That is the goal post moving, its done by AI optimists that
           | thinks "we just need something that can solve X and it will
           | be as smart as a human expert".
           | 
           | Wasn't true for chess, wasn't true for Go, we will see when
           | its true, but they are constantly moving the goalposts and
           | then arguing its others who are moving it.
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | When your judgement tells you "this is wrong", you may need the
       | technical skill to know what instead is right.
       | 
       | The real question is when AI will surpass the average human in
       | both judgement and technical skill.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | I think, the argument would make more sense if software like
       | Cubase came with unlicenced samples from all songs out of the
       | box. Artists sued and won when someone used their samples without
       | permission.
       | 
       | If you use AI to create art, it's like that.
        
         | CuriouslyC wrote:
         | There's a difference between a sample and something inspired by
         | something but also significantly different. The copyright laws
         | around music are kind of draconian so it's not a good analogy
         | for code anyhow, imagine a world where a fundamental do while
         | loop had 90 year copyright protection, and that's the sort of
         | world we'd be living in if code copyright was like music
         | copyright.
        
           | k__ wrote:
           | If you see the generated content as "the music that's created
           | with unlicenced samples" that's true.
           | 
           | However, if you see the trained models as "the music that's
           | created with unlicenced samples" it isn't true.
        
       | lordnacho wrote:
       | Judgement and technical skill go hand in hand. Technology merely
       | moves the boundary of what is considered judgement, and what is
       | considered technical skill.
       | 
       | I know someone who wrote programs in the punch-card era. Back
       | then, technical skill meant being diligent and thoughtful enough
       | that you avoided most bugs when writing the program. If you
       | screwed this up, you had to wait for another time slot. What does
       | this mean for the complexity of programs you could write? Well,
       | it means you are quite limited. You can't build judgement about
       | things above what is now considered a very basic program.
       | 
       | I learned to program before the AI era that seems to be nascent.
       | Technical skill means things like being able to write programs in
       | python and c++, getting many computers to work together, being
       | able to find hints when something goes wrong, and so on.
       | Judgement now covers things like how a large swarm of programs
       | interact, which was not really in scope for punch-card guy.
       | 
       | Now AI arrives, and it appears that we are free from technical
       | skill problems. Indeed, it does fix a lot of my little syntax
       | issues, but actually it just moves the goalposts. There's soon
       | going to be no excuse for spending time working out the syntax
       | for a lambda function, you'll be expected to generate a much more
       | complicated product, for which you will need an even higher
       | overview to say you are providing judgement.
        
       | 4b11b4 wrote:
       | Yeah but, you can't make a judgement in these technical areas
       | without the technical skill... No?
        
       | red_admiral wrote:
       | And what is that judgement based on? Jobs that an AI can't do
       | yet, like designing a system architecture and drawing boundaries
       | (which features go in the same service), need someone with
       | experience.
       | 
       | We can apply this to all points in the Future of Work section.
       | Even the conclusion "What should you do, and why?" is basically a
       | disguised "What domain-specific knowledge do you have to make an
       | informed opinion on the 'why' anyway?"
        
       | giordanol wrote:
       | The tooling problem is 90% solved. The new technical bottleneck
       | is human judgment.
        
       | somewhereoutth wrote:
       | "Anyone with access to AI tools can now produce work that, _at
       | least superficially_, resembles professional output."
       | 
       | Key quote, emphasis mine.
        
       | z3t4 wrote:
       | It takes skill to see the beauty
        
       | 0x445442 wrote:
       | Writing musical notation doesn't strike me as technically
       | difficult but I'm unaware of any musical composers who weren't
       | proficient in at least one instrument.
       | 
       | Good judgement is only accessible to those who've invested
       | considerable time in the rudiments.
        
       | financypants wrote:
       | Have people noticed the ai-assisted code "creep"? Cursor now by
       | default applies its changes before you've even hit accept, and
       | the tab autocomplete is getting out of control. Sometimes I'll
       | have my cursor resting on some block of code, then suddenly
       | Cursor suggests I delete the whole thing.
        
       | tingle wrote:
       | Chap. CCCLXIV. -- On the Judgment of Painters.
       | 
       | When the work is equal to the knowledge and judgment of the
       | painter, it is a bad sign; and when it surpasses the judgment, it
       | is still worse, as is the case with those who wonder at having
       | succeeded so well. But when the judgment surpasses the work, it
       | is a perfectly good sign ; and the young painter who possesses
       | that rare disposition, will, no doubt, arrive at great
       | perfection. He will produce few works, but they will be such as
       | to fix the admiration of every beholder.
       | 
       | Leonardo da Vinci, "A Treatise on Painting.", p. 225
       | 
       | https://archive.org/details/davincionpainting00leon/page/224...
        
         | gavmor wrote:
         | > Nobody tells this to people who are beginners, I wish someone
         | told me. All of us who do creative work, we get into it because
         | we have good taste. But there is this gap. For the first couple
         | years you make stuff, it's just not that good. It's trying to
         | be good, it has potential, but it's not. But _your taste, the
         | thing that got you into the game, is still killer. And your
         | taste is why your work disappoints you._ A lot of people never
         | get past this phase, they quit. Most people I know who do
         | interesting, creative work went through years of this. We know
         | our work doesn't have this special thing that we want it to
         | have. We all go through this. And if you are just starting out
         | or you are still in this phase, you gotta know its normal and
         | the most important thing you can do is do a lot of work. Put
         | yourself on a deadline so that every week you will finish one
         | story. It is only by going through a volume of work that you
         | will close that gap, and your work will be as good as your
         | ambitions. And I took longer to figure out how to do this than
         | anyone I've ever met. It's gonna take awhile. It's normal to
         | take awhile. You've just gotta fight your way through. (Ira
         | Glass)
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | I like to do a good job on small stuff.
           | 
           | It works nicely for me, but doesn't really bring accolades
           | (but a hell of a lot of folks actually rely on stuff I
           | authored; they just don't know it, or care -which is just
           | fine).
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | We cannot build great things on poor foundations
             | 
             | If your small stuff contributes to a strong foundation for
             | other people, then they should care
             | 
             | It's a shame people lose sight of the ground beneath their
             | feet when reaching to the sky
             | 
             | I'm very guilty of this too, partly because any time I try
             | to look down the people I work with rush in to discourage
             | me from doing that - it's not part of the sprint, after all
             | 
             | Anyways, I am not sure what stuff you build, but thank you
             | for being the sort of person that builds strong
             | foundational stuff that helps other people. We need more
             | people like you. I should try and be more like you
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | No problem!
               | 
               | You can always check my HN account page, for more info. I
               | deliberately tend to be a bit shy about discussing some
               | of that stuff in public forums.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | >>> But your taste, the thing that got you into the game, is
           | still killer. And your taste is why your work disappoints
           | you.
           | 
           | This is why it's so hard for good classical musicians to
           | learn jazz improvisation, even if they love jazz.
        
           | Suppafly wrote:
           | >For the first couple years you make stuff, it's just not
           | that good.
           | 
           | Sadly, that's why I don't start a lot of things that would
           | interest me. You need to get into things when you're a kid
           | and don't realize how junk your work is, because as an adult
           | you just don't have time to dedicate to producing a lot of
           | junk to get good at something. The are shortcuts and more
           | directed learning you can do in a lot of areas to reduce some
           | of the undirected learning you do as a child, but it's till
           | time consuming when time is a rare commodity.
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | To put it simply, "it's easy to do well with tasks that are
         | easy for you."
         | 
         | This is how you make sure to produce good work while
         | simultaneously halting the development of your skills.
        
         | mjklin wrote:
         | "The reason the gentleman is called worthy is not that he is
         | able to do everything that the most skillful man can do. The
         | reason the gentleman is called wise is not because he knows
         | everything that the wise man knows. When he is called
         | discriminating, this does not mean that he is able to split
         | hairs so exhaustively as the sophists. That he is called an
         | investigator does not mean that he is able to examine
         | exhaustively into everything that an investigator may examine.
         | He has his limit.
         | 
         | In observing high and low lands, in judging whether fields are
         | poor or fertile, and in deciding where the various grains
         | should be planted, the gentleman is not as capable as a farmer.
         | When it is a matter of understanding commodities and
         | determining their quality and value, the gentleman cannot vie
         | with a merchant. As regards skill in the use of the compass,
         | square, plumb line, and other tools, he is less able than an
         | artisan. In disregarding right and wrong, truth and falsehood,
         | but manipulating them so that they seem to change places and
         | shame each other, the gentleman cannot compare with Hui Shih
         | and Teng Hsi.
         | 
         | However, if it is a question of ranking men according to their
         | virtue; if offices are to be bestowed according to ability; if
         | both the worthy and the unworthy are to be put in their proper
         | places... if all things and events are to be dealt with
         | properly; if the charter of Shen Tzu and Mo Tzu are to be
         | suppressed; if Hui Shih and Teng Hsi are not to dare to put
         | forth their arguments; if speech is always to accord with the
         | truth and affairs are always to be properly managed -- it is in
         | these matters that the gentleman excels."
         | 
         | -- Hsun-tzu, Chinese (300-235 B.C.)
        
       | smithkl42 wrote:
       | This doesn't actually sound encouraging. Judgment is not actually
       | independent of skill, and the sort of music that this approach
       | produces (i.e., nearly everything you hear on the radio these
       | days) is a pretty solid proof of that.
        
       | metalrain wrote:
       | I think what and how are so tightly linked, you need to know how
       | to make a thing so you better know what thing to make.
       | 
       | Let's say you want to build worlds fastest car. You can order the
       | pieces and maybe build a car from someones instructions. But to
       | know what makes car fast and how to build it you need to know
       | more and more intricate details. Physics, material science, 3D
       | printing, engineering. How do you measure traction? What shapes
       | increase downforce?
       | 
       | That is how I see AI tools. You can get "off the shelf" ideas on
       | different things, even complete small things, but you really need
       | to be or grow to match the challenge you are facing.
        
       | nluken wrote:
       | A side note to the general point of the article, but I hate how
       | the tech industry uses the word "democratization" to mean
       | "lowering the barrier to entry". These concepts differ from each
       | other but many use the former term because in doing so they
       | justify their actions as driven by some sort of moral imperative
       | when in reality, the development of LLMs is morally neutral, not
       | inherently bad by any stretch, but as much a wealth and power
       | play as any other technology of the last 25 years.
        
       | scj wrote:
       | AI can draw blueprints of a house. The house may look
       | aesthetically pleasing, but if it can't hold it's own weight, the
       | design is flawed.
       | 
       | There's a difference between an executed image and a display-only
       | image.
       | 
       | At a certain point, judgment requires technical knowledge.
        
       | keybored wrote:
       | Very thin article. The thesis might as well be that technical
       | competence is gone and judgement is all that's left.
       | 
       | I file this under the category of AI musings on the inevitable
       | massively changed landscape that AI has wrought.[1] I get the
       | feeling that the content itself is secondary (again: the thesis
       | is thin) to the motivation of writing about how AI has supposedly
       | changed everything forever. In this case: now technical
       | competence is dead, hail the king (judgement or whatever).
       | 
       | [1] "I'm learning that every topic that people read should be
       | about AI." : https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44082683
        
       | dcre wrote:
       | The Eno quote is good, but the post adds nothing to it! If
       | anything, I think the sections after the quote make the post
       | worse. This shows poor judgment on the part of the author.
        
       | catigula wrote:
       | I love these little anecdotes because they always pre-suppose
       | that everyone - the writer, of course, but also the reader -
       | themselves are the people who don't lack judgment, which is a
       | role they relegate to, perhaps, a particularly incompetent co-
       | worker, or even unknown and faceless "drudge".
       | 
       | Which is to say that there's an obvious affliction of narcissism
       | at work that precludes good judgment.
        
       | gwd wrote:
       | I agree with the premise; but the lists sound suspiciously AI-
       | like.
       | 
       | "Understanding what's worth making in the first place": Pretty
       | good
       | 
       | "Evaluating quality": Could be a lot better.
        
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