[HN Gopher] The 'white-collar bloodbath' is all part of the AI h...
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       The 'white-collar bloodbath' is all part of the AI hype machine
        
       Author : lwo32k
       Score  : 181 points
       Date   : 2025-05-30 13:38 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnn.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnn.com)
        
       | DrillShopper wrote:
       | I look forward to the day where executive overpromises and
       | engineering underdeliveries bring about another AI winter so the
       | useful techniques can continue without the stench of the "AI"
       | association and so the grifters go bankrupt.
        
         | sevensor wrote:
         | The implosion of this AI bubble is going to have a stupendous
         | blast radius. It's never been harder to distinguish AI from
         | "things people do with computers" more generally. The whole
         | industry is implicated, complicit, and likely to suffer when AI
         | winter arrives. Dotcom bust didn't just hit people who were
         | working for pets.com.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Just like the internet was a fad, right?
        
           | DrillShopper wrote:
           | More like the dot-com bubble
        
       | monero-xmr wrote:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_predictions_for_auto...
       | 
       | It wasn't just Elon. The hype train on self driving cars was
       | extreme only a few years ago, pre-LLM. Self driving cars exist
       | sort of, in a few cities. Quibble all you want but it appears to
       | me that "uber driver" is still a popular widespread job, let
       | alone truck driver, bus driver, and "car owner" itself.
       | 
       | I really wish the AI ceos would actually make my life useful. For
       | example, why am I still doing the dishes, laundry, cleaning my
       | house, paying for landscaping, painters, and on and on? In terms
       | of white collar work I'm paying my fucking lawyers more than
       | ever. Why don't they solve an actual problem
        
         | DrillShopper wrote:
         | > In terms of white collar work I'm paying my fucking lawyers
         | more than ever. Why don't they solve an actual problem
         | 
         | Rule 0 is that you never put your angel investors out of work
         | if you want to keep riding on the gravy train
        
         | Philpax wrote:
         | Because textual data is plentiful and easy to model, and
         | physical data is not. This will change - there are now several
         | companies working on humanoid robots and the models to power
         | them - but it is a fundamentally different set of problems with
         | different constraints.
        
         | MangoToupe wrote:
         | > I really wish the AI ceos would actually make my life useful.
         | 
         | TBH, I do think that AI can deliver on the hype of making tools
         | with genuinely novel functionality. I can think of a dozen
         | ideas off the top of my head just for the most-used apps on my
         | phone (photos, music, messages, email, browsing). It's just
         | going to take a few years to identify how to best integrate
         | them into products without just chucking a text prompt at
         | people and generating stuff.
        
         | GardenLetter27 wrote:
         | Bureaucracy and regulation is the main issue there though.
         | 
         | Like in Europe where you're forced to pay a notary to start a
         | business - it's not really even necessary, nevermind something
         | that couldn't be automated, but it's just but of the
         | establishment propping up bureaucrats.
         | 
         | Whereas LLMs and generative models in art and coding for
         | example, help to avoid loads of bureaucracy in having to sort
         | out contracts, or even hire someone full-time with payroll,
         | etc.
        
           | jellicle wrote:
           | We are going to have an ever-increasing supply of stories
           | along the lines of "used a LLM to write a contract; contract
           | gave away the company to the counterparty; now trying to get
           | a court to dissolve the contract".
           | 
           | Sure you'll have destroyed the company, but at least you'll
           | have avoided bureaucracy.
        
           | dosinga wrote:
           | > Like in Europe
           | 
           | Like in the US you have a choice of which jurisdiction you
           | want to start your company. Not all require a notary
        
           | xxs wrote:
           | >Like in Europe where you're forced to pay a notary to start
           | a business
           | 
           | Do you have a specific country in mind, as the statement is
           | not true for quite a lot of EU member states... and likely
           | untrue for most of the European countries.
        
         | edent wrote:
         | Buy a dishwasher - they're cheap, work really well, and don't
         | use much energy / water.
         | 
         | Same as a washing machine / drier. Chuck the clothes in, press
         | a button, done.
         | 
         | There are Roomba style lawnmowers for your grass cutting.
         | 
         | I'll grant you painting a house and plumbing a toilet aren't
         | there yet!
        
           | al_borland wrote:
           | With the laundry machine and dishwasher, it still requires
           | effort. A human needs to collect the dirty stuff, put it into
           | the machine properly, decide when it should run, load the
           | soap, select a cycle type, start it, monitor the machine to
           | know when it's done, empty the machine, and put the stuff
           | away properly, thus starting the human side of the process
           | again.
           | 
           | It's less work than it used to be, but remove the human who
           | does all that and the dirty dishes and clothes will still
           | pile up. It's not like we have Rosie, from The Jetsons,
           | handling all those things (yet). How long before the average
           | person has robot servants at home? Until that day, we are
           | effectively project managers for all the machines in our
           | homes.
        
             | Kirby64 wrote:
             | > A human needs to collect the dirty stuff, put it into the
             | machine properly, decide when it should run, load the soap,
             | select a cycle type, start it, monitor the machine to know
             | when it's done, empty the machine, and put the stuff away
             | properly, thus starting the human side of the process
             | again.
             | 
             | The really modern stuff is pretty much as simple as "load,
             | start, unload" - you can buy combo washing machines that
             | wash and dry your clothes, auto dispense detergent, etc.
             | It's not folding or putting away your clothes, and you
             | still need to maintain it (clean the filter, add detergent
             | occasionally, etc)... but you're chipping away at what is
             | left for a human to do. Who cares when it's done? You
             | unload it when you feel like it, just like every
             | dishwasher.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | My understanding is combo machines aren't ideal. But
               | running a load of laundry in a couple separate machines
               | is pretty low effort.
        
         | coffeefirst wrote:
         | You know what I want? A LM that navigates customer support
         | phone trees for me.
         | 
         | If you want to waste my time with an automated nonsense we
         | should at least even the playing field.
         | 
         | This is feasible with today's technology.
        
       | darth_avocado wrote:
       | I don't understand how any business leader can be excited about
       | humans being replaced by AI. If no one has a job, who's going to
       | buy your stuff? When the unemployment in the country goes up,
       | consumer spending slows down and recession kicks in. How could
       | you be excited for that?
        
         | FeteCommuniste wrote:
         | I guess the idea is that the people left working will be made
         | _so_ productive and wealthy thanks to the miracle of AI that
         | they can more than make up the difference with extravagant
         | consumption.
        
           | isoprophlex wrote:
           | I too plan to buy 100.000 liters of yogurt each day once AI
           | has transported me into the socioeconomic strata of the 0.1%
        
             | FeteCommuniste wrote:
             | My many robots will be busy building glorious mansions out
             | of yogurt cups.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | Or, as per a _Love, Death, and Robots_ short film, the
               | new superintelligence will be inextricable from yogurt...
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | If you want to see what that looks like, just look at the
           | economy of India. Do we really want that?
        
             | FeteCommuniste wrote:
             | Certainly not what I want, but it looks like we could be
             | headed there. And the "industry leaders" seem cool with it,
             | to judge by their politics.
        
             | munksbeer wrote:
             | The economy of India is trending in the opposite direction
             | to this narrative. More and more people lifted out of
             | poverty as they modernise.
        
               | darth_avocado wrote:
               | The comment wasn't on the trend or where things are going
               | and the historical progress the country has made. The
               | comment was on the current state of the economy. The fact
               | that wealth concentration creates its own unique
               | challenges. If as many people were unemployed and in
               | poverty (or in the low income bracket) in the US or any
               | other developed nation, the living conditions would have
               | been drastically deteriorated. The consumer market would
               | have shrunk to the point where most people couldn't
               | afford to buy chips and soda.
        
               | munksbeer wrote:
               | The point is, I don't see that happening. The reverse is
               | happening in the world. The percentage of people in
               | poverty globally is decreasing each year.
               | 
               | I still fail to see why people think we're going to
               | innovate ourselves into global poverty, it makes no
               | sense.
        
               | darth_avocado wrote:
               | Poverty is decreasing because innovation is creating more
               | jobs. Everything hinges on the fact that people can earn
               | a living and spend their money to generate more jobs. If
               | AI replaces those jobs you're going the other way.
        
               | const_cast wrote:
               | Right, every economic system we've thought up relies on
               | the assumption that everyone works. Or, close to
               | everyone. Capitalism is just as much about consumption as
               | it is production.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | Close to everyone doesn't work today. The labor force
               | participation rate is only about 62%.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | I'd been thinking modern day Russia, but I admit to being
             | ignorant of a lot of countries outside the U.S.
        
           | al_borland wrote:
           | A single rich person can only much door dash. Scaling a
           | customer base needs to be done horizontally.
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | We have consumer capitalism now. Before we didn't. There's no
         | reason it can't be replaced.
         | 
         | Sure there can be rich people who are radical enough to push
         | for another phase of capitalism.
         | 
         | That's a kind of a capitalism which is worse for workers and
         | consumers. With even more power in the hands of capitalists.
        
         | thmsths wrote:
         | Tragedy of the commons: no one being able to buy stuff is a
         | problem for everyone, but being able to save just a bit more by
         | getting rid of your workforce is a huge advantage for your
         | business.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | ... in the interim, of course.
        
           | bckr wrote:
           | "tragedy of the commons" is treated as a Theory of Human
           | Nature when it's really a religious principle underlying how
           | we operate our society.
        
         | johnbenoe wrote:
         | You ever thought there's more to life than work lol. Maybe
         | humans can approach a new standard of living...
        
           | codr7 wrote:
           | Excellent choice of words there: new standard.
           | 
           | I'm sure we are, but it doesn't look like an improvement for
           | most people.
        
             | johnbenoe wrote:
             | Not yet at least, but there's no stopping this kind of
             | efficiency jump. Anyone who thinks otherwise is in denial.
        
               | myko wrote:
               | Maybe, but aren't LLM companies burning cash? The
               | efficiency gains I see from LLMs typically come from
               | agents which perform circular prompts on themselves until
               | they reach some desired outcome (or give up until a human
               | can prod them along).
               | 
               | It seems like we'll need to generate a lot more power to
               | support these efficiency gains at scale, and unless that
               | is coming from renewables (and even if it is) that cost
               | may outweigh the gains for a long time.
        
               | johnbenoe wrote:
               | They're burning cash at a high rate because of the grand
               | potential, and they are of course keeping some things
               | behind closed doors.
               | 
               | I also respect the operative analysis, but the
               | strategical, long-term thinking, is that this will come
               | and it will only speed up everything else.
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | I'm yet to be convinced that if majority of the humans are
           | out of work, the government will be able to take care of them
           | and allow them to "pursue their calling". Hunger games is a
           | more believable outcome to me.
        
           | rfrey wrote:
           | The most powerful nation on earth isn't even willing to
           | extend basic health care to the masses, nevermind freeing
           | them to pursue a higher calling than enriching billionaires.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | If someone is going to suggest UBI, I wish they could explain
           | to me how Reservations have failed so hard in the U.S.. I
           | think that would be a cautionary tale.
        
             | duderific wrote:
             | Decades and decades of mistreatment are not going to be
             | remedied by some modest handouts. That doesn't mean that
             | UBI as a whole could never work.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | > If no one has a job, who's going to buy your stuff?
         | 
         | All the people employed by the government and blue collar
         | workers? All the entrepreneurs, gig workers, black market
         | workers, etc?
         | 
         | It's easy to _imagine_ a world in which there are way less
         | white collar workers and everything else is pretty much the
         | same.
         | 
         | It's also easy to _imagine_ a world in which you sell less
         | stuff but your margins increase, and overall you 're better
         | off, even if everybody else has less widgets.
         | 
         | It's also easy to _imagine_ a world in which you 're able to
         | cut more workers than everyone else, and on aggregate, barely
         | anyone is impacted, but your margins go up.
         | 
         | There's tons of other scenarios, including the most cited one -
         | that technology thus far has always led to more jobs, not less.
         | 
         | They're probably believing any combination of these concepts.
         | 
         | It's not guaranteed that if there's 5% less white-collar
         | workers per year for a few decades that we're all going to
         | starve to death.
         | 
         | In the future, if trends continue, there's going to be way less
         | workers - since there's going to be a huge portion of the
         | population that's old and retired.
         | 
         | You can lose x% of the work force every year and keep
         | unemployment stable...
         | 
         | A large portion of the population wants a lot more people to be
         | able to not work and get entitlements...
         | 
         | It's pretty easy to see how a lot of people can think this
         | could lead to something good, even if you think all those
         | things are bad.
         | 
         | Two people can see the same painting in a museum, one finds it
         | beautiful, and the other finds it completely uninteresting.
         | 
         | It's almost like asking - how can someone want the Red team to
         | win when I want the Blue team to win?
        
           | munksbeer wrote:
           | >It's also easy to imagine a world in which you sell less
           | stuff but your margins increase, and overall you're better
           | off, even if everybody else has less widgets.
           | 
           | History seems to show this doesn't happen. The trend is not
           | linear, but the trend is that we live better lives each
           | century than the previous century, as our technology
           | increases.
           | 
           | Maybe it will be different this time though.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | "Technology increases" have not made my life better than my
             | boomer parents' and they will probably not make the next
             | generation's lives better than ours. Big things like
             | housing costs, education costs, healthcare costs are not
             | being driven down by technology, quite the opposite.
             | 
             | Yes, the lives of "people selling stuff" will likely get
             | better and better in the future, through technology, but
             | the wellbeing of normal people seems to have peaked at
             | around the year 2000 or so.
        
             | carlosjobim wrote:
             | I think that's mostly myth, and a very very deeply
             | ingrained myth. That's why probably hundreds of people
             | already feel the rage boiling up inside of them right now
             | after reading my first sentence.
             | 
             | But it is myth. It has always been in the interest of the
             | rulers and the old to try to imprint on the serfs and on
             | the young how much better they have it.
             | 
             | Many of us, maybe even most of us, would be able to have
             | fulfilling lives in a different age. Of course, it depends
             | on what you value in life. But the proof is in the pudding,
             | humanity is rapidly being extinguished in industrial
             | society right now all over the world.
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | > All the people employed by the government and blue collar
           | workers
           | 
           | If people don't have jobs, government doesn't have taxes to
           | employ other people. If CEOs are salivating at the thought of
           | replacing white collar workers, there is no reason to think
           | next step of AI augmented with robotics won't replace blue
           | collar workers as well.
        
             | trealira wrote:
             | > If CEOs are salivating at the thought of replacing white
             | collar workers, there is no reason to think next step of AI
             | augmented with robotics won't replace blue collar workers
             | as well.
             | 
             | Robotics seems harder, though, and has been around for
             | longer than LLMs. Robotic automation can replace blue
             | collar factory workers, but I struggle to imagine it
             | replacing a plumber who comes to your house and fixes your
             | pipes, or a waiter serving food at a restaurant, or someone
             | who restocks shelves at grocery stores, that kind of thing.
             | Plus, in the case of service work like being a waiter, I
             | imagine some customers will always be willing to pay for a
             | human face.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | > I struggle to imagine it replacing a plumber who comes
               | to your house and fixes your pipes, or a waiter serving
               | food at a restaurant, or someone who restocks shelves at
               | grocery stores, that kind of thing.
               | 
               | These are three totally different jobs requiring
               | different kinds of skills, but they will all be replaced
               | with automation.
               | 
               | 1. Plumber is a skilled trade, but the "skilled" parts
               | will eventually be replaced with 'smart' tools. You'll
               | still need to hire a minimum wage person to actually go
               | into each unique home and find the plumbing, but the
               | tools will do all the work and will not require an
               | expensive tradesman's skills to work.
               | 
               | 2. Waiter serving food, already being replaced with
               | kiosks, and quite a bit of the "back of the house"
               | cooking areas are already automated. It will only take a
               | slow cultural shift towards ordering food through
               | technology-at-the-table, and robots wheeling your food
               | out to you. We've already accepted kiosks in fast food
               | and self-checkout in grocery stores. Waiters are going
               | bye-bye.
               | 
               | 3. Shelf restocking, very easy to imagine automating this
               | with robotics. Picking a product and packing it into a
               | destination will be solved very soon, and there are
               | probably hundreds of companies working on the problem.
        
               | trealira wrote:
               | > 1. Plumber is a skilled trade, but the "skilled" parts
               | will eventually be replaced with 'smart' tools. You'll
               | still need to hire a minimum wage person to actually go
               | into each unique home and find the plumbing, but the
               | tools will do all the work and will not require an
               | expensive tradesman's skills to work.
               | 
               | I'm not a plumber, but my background knowledge was that
               | pipes can be really diverse and it could take different
               | tools and strategies to fix the same problem for
               | different pipes, right? My thought was that "robotic
               | plumber" would be impossible for the same reasons it's
               | hard to make a robot that can make a sandwich in any type
               | of house. But even with a human worker that uses advanced
               | robotic tools, I would think some amount of baseline
               | knowledge of pipes would always be necessary for the
               | reasons I outlined.
               | 
               | > 2. Waiter serving food, already being replaced with
               | kiosks, and quite a bit of the "back of the house"
               | cooking areas are already automated. It will only take a
               | slow cultural shift towards ordering food through
               | technology-at-the-table, and robots wheeling your food
               | out to you. We've already accepted kiosks in fast food
               | and self-checkout in grocery stores. Waiters are going
               | bye-bye.
               | 
               | That's true. I forgot about fast-food kiosks. And the
               | other person showed me a link to some robotic waiters,
               | which I didn't know about. Seems kind of depressing, but
               | you're right.
               | 
               | > 3. Shelf restocking, very easy to imagine automating
               | this with robotics. Picking a product and packing it into
               | a destination will be solved very soon, and there are
               | probably hundreds of companies working on the problem.
               | 
               | The way I imagine it, to automate it, you'd have to have
               | some sort of 3D design software to choose where all the
               | items would go, and customize it in the case of those
               | special display stands for certain products, and then
               | choose where in the backroom or something for it to move
               | the products to, and all that doesn't seem to save much
               | labor over just doing it yourself, except the physical
               | labor component. Maybe I just lack imagination.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | > a waiter serving food at a restaurant
               | 
               | I have already eaten at three restaurants that have
               | replaced the vast majority of their service staff with
               | robots, and they're fine at that. Do I think they're
               | better than a human? No, personally, but they're "good
               | enough".
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > or a waiter serving food at a restaurant,
               | 
               | Over the last few years, I've seen a few in use here in
               | Berlin: https://www.alibaba.com/showroom/robot-waiter-
               | for-sale.html
               | 
               | > or someone who restocks shelves at grocery stores
               | 
               | For physical retail, or home delivery?
               | 
               | People are working on this for traditional stores, but I
               | can't tell which news stories are real and which are hype
               | -- after around a decade of Musk promising FSD within a
               | year or so, I know not to simply trust press releases
               | even when they have a video of the thing apparently
               | working.
               | 
               | For home delivery, this is mostly kinda solved:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssZ_8cqfBlE
               | 
               | > Plus, in the case of service work like being a waiter,
               | I imagine some customers will always be willing to pay
               | for a human face.
               | 
               | Sure... if they have the money.
               | 
               | But can we make an economy where all the stuff is free,
               | and we're "working" n-hours a day smiling at bad jokes
               | and manners of people we don't like, so we can earn money
               | to spend to convince someone else who doesn't like us to
               | spend m-hours a day smiling at our bad jokes and manners?
        
               | trealira wrote:
               | > Over the last few years, I've seen a few in use here in
               | Berlin: https://www.alibaba.com/showroom/robot-waiter-
               | for-sale.html
               | 
               | Wow. I genuinely didn't think robotic waiters would ever
               | exist anytime soon.
               | 
               | > For physical retail, or home delivery?
               | 
               | I was thinking for physical retail. Thanks for the video
               | link.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | Yeah, it's as though "middle class" was a brief miracle of
             | our age. Serfs and nobility is the more probably human
             | condition.
             | 
             | Hey, is there a good board game in there somewhere? _Serfs
             | and Nobles(tm)_
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | ML models don't make fully informed decisions and will not
             | until AGI is created. They can make biased guesses at best
             | and have no means of self-directed inquiry to integrate new
             | information with an understanding of its meaning. People
             | employed in a decision making capacity are safe, whether
             | that's managing people or building a bridge from a
             | collection of parts and construction equipment.
        
               | whattheheckheck wrote:
               | Has anyone made a fully informed decision?
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | > All the people employed by the government and blue collar
           | workers?
           | 
           | You forgot the born-wealthy.
           | 
           | I feel increasingly like a rube for having not made my little
           | entrepreneurial side-gigs focused strictly on the ultra-
           | wealthy. I used to sell tube amplifier kits, for example, so
           | you and I could have a really high-end audio experience with
           | a very modest outlay of cash (maybe $300). Instead I should
           | have sold the same amps but completed for $10K. (There is no
           | upper bounds for audio equipment though -- I guess we all
           | know.)
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | This is the real answer. Eventually, when 95% of us have no
             | jobs because AI and robotics are doing everything, then the
             | rich will just buy and sell from each other. The other 7
             | billion people are not economically relevant and will just
             | barely participate in the economy. It'll be like the movie
             | Elysium.
             | 
             | I briefly did a startup that was kind of a side-project of
             | a guy whose main business was building yachts. Why was he
             | OK with a market that just consisted of rich people?
             | "Because rich people have the money!"
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > This is the real answer. Eventually, when 95% of us
               | have no jobs because AI and robotics are doing
               | everything, then the rich will just buy and sell from
               | each other
               | 
               | My prediction is that the poor will reinvent the
               | guillotine
        
           | neutronicus wrote:
           | There are also blue- and pink-collar industries that we all
           | tacitly agree are crazy understaffed right now because of
           | brutal work conditions and low pay (health care, child care,
           | K-12, elder care), with low quality-of-service a concern
           | across the board, and with many job functions that seem very
           | difficult to replace with AI (assuming liability for
           | preventing children and elderly adults from physically
           | injuring themselves and others).
           | 
           | If you, a CEO, eliminate a bunch of white-collar workers,
           | presumably you drive your former employees into all these
           | jobs they weren't willing to do before, and hey, you make
           | more profits, your kids and aging parents are better-taken-
           | care-of.
           | 
           | Seems like winning in the fundamental game of society -
           | maneuvering everyone else into being your domestic servants.
        
             | const_cast wrote:
             | Right, but the elephant in the room is that despite those
             | industries being constantly understaffed and labor being in
             | extreme demand, they're underpaid. It seems nobody gives a
             | flying fuck about the free market when it comes to the
             | labor market, which is arguably the most important market.
             | 
             | So, flooding those industries with more warm bodies
             | probably won't help anything. I imagine it would make the
             | already fucked labor relations even more fucked.
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | It would be bad for compensation in the field(s) but the
               | actual working conditions might improve, just by dint of
               | having enough people to do all the work expected.
        
           | spamizbad wrote:
           | > All the people employed by the government and blue collar
           | workers? All the entrepreneurs, gig workers, black market
           | workers, etc?
           | 
           | I can tell you for many of those professions their customers
           | are the same white collar workers. The blue collar economy
           | isn't plumbers simply fixing the toilets of the HVAC guy,
           | while the HVAC guy cools the home of the electrician,
           | while...
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | Game theory/Nash equilibrium/Prisoner's Dilemma, and the
         | turkey's perspective in the problem of induction.
         | 
         | So far, for any given automation, each actor gets to cut their
         | own costs to their benefit -- and if they do this smarter than
         | anyone else, they win the market for a bit.
         | 
         | Every day the turkey lives, they get a bit more evidence the
         | farmer is an endless source of free food that only wants the
         | best for them.
         | 
         | It's easy to fool oneself that the economics are eternal with
         | reference to e.g. Jevons paradox.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | > turkey's perspective in the problem of induction...
           | 
           | Had to look that up:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey_illusion
        
           | abracadaniel wrote:
           | My long term fear with AI is that by replacing entry level
           | jobs, it breaks the path to train senior level employees. It
           | could take a couple of decades to really feel the heat from
           | it, but could lead to massive collapse as no one is left with
           | any understanding of how existing systems work, or how to
           | design replacements.
        
             | pseudo0 wrote:
             | Juniors and offshore teams will probably be the most
             | severely impacted. If a senior dev is already breaking off
             | smaller tightly scoped tasks and fixing up the results,
             | that loop can be accomplished much more quickly by
             | iterating with a LLM. Especially if you have to wait a
             | business day for someone in India to even start on the task
             | when a LLM is spitting out a similar quality PR in minutes.
             | 
             | Ironically a friend of mine noticed that the team in India
             | they work with is now largely pushing AI-generated code...
             | At that point you just need management to cut out the
             | middleman.
        
               | teitoklien wrote:
               | lol, what it's soon going to lead to is unfortunately the
               | very opposite of what you're thinking.
               | 
               | Management will cut down your team's headcount and
               | outsource even more to India ,Vietnam and Philippines.
               | 
               | A CFO looks at balance sheet not operations context, even
               | if you're idea is better the opposite of what you think
               | is likely going to happen very soon.
        
             | lurkshark wrote:
             | I'm actually worried we've gotten a kickstart on that
             | process already. Anecdotally it seems like entry level
             | developer jobs are harder to come by today than a decade
             | ago. Without the free-money growth we were seeing for a
             | long time it seems like companies are more incentivized to
             | only hire senior developers at the loss of the greater good
             | that comes with hiring and mentoring junior developers.
             | 
             | Caveat that this is anecdotal, not sure if there are
             | numbers on this.
        
             | cjs_ac wrote:
             | This isn't AI-specific, though; businesses decided that it
             | was everyone else's responsibility to train their employees
             | over a decade ago.
        
             | BriggyDwiggs42 wrote:
             | If it takes a few decades, they may actually automate all
             | but the most impressive among senior positions though.
        
             | socalgal2 wrote:
             | I agree with your worry.
             | 
             | That said, the first thing that jumps to my mind is cars.
             | Back when they were first introduced you had to be a
             | mechanically inclined person to own one and deal with it.
             | Today, people just buy them and hire the very small number
             | of experts (relative to the population of drivers) to deal
             | with any issues. Same with smartphones. The majority of
             | users have no idea how they really work. If it stop working
             | they seek out an expert.
             | 
             | ATM, AI just seems like another level of that. JS/Python
             | programmers don't need to know bits and bytes and memory
             | allocation. Vibe coders won't need to know what JS/Python
             | programmers need to know.
             | 
             | Maybe there won't be enough experts to keep it all going
             | though.
        
             | scarlehoff wrote:
             | This is what I fear as well: some companies might adopt a
             | "sustainable" approach to AI, but others will dynamite the
             | entry path to their companies. Of course, if your only goal
             | is to sell a unicorn and be out after three years, who
             | cares... but serious companies with lifelong employees that
             | adopt the AI-first strategy are in for a surprise (looking
             | at you, Microsoft).
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | > It could take a couple of decades to really feel the heat
             | from it, but could lead to massive collapse
             | 
             | When you consider how this interacts with the population
             | collapse (which is inevitable now everywhere outside of
             | some African countries) this seems even worse. In 20 years,
             | we will have far fewer people under age 60 than we have
             | now, and among that smaller cohort, the percentage of
             | people at any given age who have useful levels of
             | experience will be less because they may not be able to
             | even begin meaningful careers.
             | 
             | Best case scenario, people who have gotten 5 or more years
             | of experience by now (college grads of 2020) may scrape by
             | indefinitely. They'll be about 47 then and have no one to
             | hire that's more qualified than AI. Not necessarily
             | _because_ AI is so great; rather, how will there be someone
             | with 20 years of experience when we simply don 't hire any
             | junior people this year?
             | 
             | Worst case, AI overtakes the Class of 2020 and moves up the
             | experience-equivalence ladder faster than 1 year per year,
             | so it starts taking out the classes of 2015, 2010, etc.
        
           | spacemadness wrote:
           | And we as humans figured all this out and still do nothing
           | with this knowledge. We fight as hard as we can against
           | collective wisdom.
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | You're being confused by the numbers. We aren't trying to
         | maximise consumer spending, the point is to maximise living
         | standards. If the market equilibrium price of all goods was $0
         | consumer spending would be $0 and living standards would be off
         | the charts. It'd be a great outcome.
         | 
         | It just happens that up to this point there have been things
         | that couldn't be done by capital. Now we're entering a world
         | where there isn't such a thing and it is unclear what that
         | implies for the job market. But people not having jobs is
         | hardly a bad thing as long as it isn't forced by stupid policy,
         | ideally nobody has to work.
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | In theory. In reality, how are the benefits of all this
           | efficiency going to be distributed to the people who aren't
           | working? I sure don't see any calls for higher taxes and more
           | wealth redistribution.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | The source article is an analysis of an interview
             | (https://www.axios.com/2025/05/28/ai-jobs-white-collar-
             | unempl...) where the CEO of Anthropic called for higher
             | taxes and more wealth redistribution.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | I'm sure the Republican liches in the Senate have some
               | views on that which kill it out of the gate
        
             | ikrenji wrote:
             | Let's face it ~ almost all work will be automated in the
             | next 50 years. Either capitalism dies or humanity dies
        
         | untrust wrote:
         | Another question: If AI is going to eat up everyone's jobs, how
         | will any business be safe from a new competitor showing up and
         | unseating them off their throne? I don't think that the low
         | level peons would be the only ones at stake as a company could
         | be easily outcompeted as well since AI could conceivably
         | outperform or replace any existing product anyways.
         | 
         | I guess funding for processing power and physical machinery to
         | run the AI backing a product would be the biggest barrier to
         | entry?
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | Institutional knowledge is key here. Third parties can't
           | replicate it quickly just by using AI.
        
             | lubujackson wrote:
             | Luckily we are firing all those people so they will be
             | available for new roles.
             | 
             | This feels a lot like the dot boom/dot bust era where a lot
             | of new companies are going to sprout up from the ashes of
             | all this disruption.
        
             | floatrock wrote:
             | Also: network effects, inertia, cornering the market enough
             | to make incumbents uneconomical, regulatory capture...
             | 
             | AI certainly will increase competition in some areas, but
             | there are countless examples where being the best at
             | something doesn't make you the leader.
        
           | zhobbs wrote:
           | Yeah this will likely lead to margin compression. The best
           | companies will be fine though, as brand and existing
           | distribution is a huge moat.
        
             | azemetre wrote:
             | "Best" is carrying a lot of wait. More accurate to say the
             | monopolistic companies that engage in regulatory capture
             | will be fine.
        
               | jrs235 wrote:
               | Empowering the current US President to demand more
               | bribes.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | The beginning of the AI Wars?
        
         | anvandare wrote:
         | A cancerous cell does not care that it is (indirectly) killing
         | the lifeform that it is a part of. It just does what it does
         | without a thought.
         | 
         | And if it could think, it would probably be very proud of the
         | quarter (hour) figures that it could present. The Number has
         | gone up, time for a reward.
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | Business leaders in AI are _not_ excited and agree with your
         | concerns. That's what the source article is about - the CEO of
         | AI lab Anthropic said he sees major social problems coming
         | soon. The problem is that the information environment is
         | twisted in knots. The author, like many commentators,
         | characterizes your concerns as "optimism" and "hype", because
         | she doesn't think AI will actually have these large impacts.
        
           | spacemadness wrote:
           | I think he says this just to hype up how powerful of a force
           | AI is which helps these CEOs bottom line eventually.
           | Cynically "we've created something so powerful it will
           | eliminate jobs and cause strife" gets those investors excited
           | for more.
        
           | geraneum wrote:
           | They are. The audience of this talk is not normal people.
           | He's excited and is targeting a specific group in his
           | messaging. The author is a person like majority.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | I don't understand what you mean. The audience of this talk
             | is Axios, a large news website targeting the general
             | public.
        
         | leeroihe wrote:
         | They want an omnipresent, lobotomized and defeated underclass
         | who only exists to "respond" to the ai to continue to improve
         | it. This is basically what alexander wang from Scale AI
         | explained at a recent talk which was frankly terrifying.
         | 
         | Your UBI will be controlled by the government, you will have
         | even less agency than you currently have and a hyper elite will
         | control the thinking machines. But don't worry, the elite and
         | the government are looking out for your best interest!
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | That's a very pessimistic view. People can borrow money against
         | their property, then later they can borrow money against their
         | diploma and professional certificates (and nobody should be
         | allowed to work without being certified, that's dangerous).
         | Then later I think it's time for banks to start offering
         | consumers the reproductive right of mortgaging their children,
         | either born or unborn.
        
       | keybored wrote:
       | > If the CEO of a soda company declared that soda-making
       | technology is getting so good it's going to ruin the global
       | economy, you'd be forgiven for thinking that person is either
       | lying or fully detached from reality.
       | 
       | Exactly. These people are growth-seekers first, domain experts
       | second.
       | 
       | Yet I saw progressive[1] outlets reacting to this as a neutral
       | reporting. So it apparently takes a "legacy media" outlet to wake
       | people out of their AI stupor.
       | 
       | [1] American news outlets that lean social-democratic
        
       | sevensor wrote:
       | What AI is going to wipe out is white collar jobs where people
       | sleepwalk through the working day and carelessly half ass every
       | task. In 2025, we can get LLMs to do that for us. Unfortunately,
       | the kind of executive who thinks AI is a legitimate replacement
       | for actual work does not recognize the difference. I expect to
       | see the more credulous CEOs dynamiting their companies as a
       | result. Whether the rest of us can survive this remains to be
       | seen. The CEOs will be fine, of course.
        
         | Der_Einzige wrote:
         | Consulting companies like the Big 4 where this happens most are
         | bigger/stronger than ever (primarily due to AI related
         | consulting). Try again.
        
           | sevensor wrote:
           | What makes you think productive work is what consulting
           | companies are selling? They're there for laundering
           | accountability. When you bring in consultants to roll out
           | your corporate AI strategy, and it all falls apart in a few
           | years, you can say, "we were following best practices, nobody
           | could have anticipated X," where X is whatever failure mode
           | ultimately tanks the AI strategy.
        
             | code_for_monkey wrote:
             | you hire consultants so you can cut staff and quality, but
             | the CEOs were already going to do that.
        
             | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
             | Do you think that it's possible in principle to have a
             | better or worse corporate AI strategy? I do, and because I
             | do, it seems clear that companies paying top dollar are
             | doing so because they expect a better one. There's no
             | reason to pay KPMG's rates if all you need is a fall guy.
             | 
             | Most criticisms I see of management consulting seem to come
             | from the perspective, which I get the sense you subscribe
             | to, that management strategy is broadly fake so there's no
             | underlying _thing_ for the consultants to do better or
             | worse on. I don 't think that's right, but I'm never sure
             | how to bridge the gap. It'd be like someone telling me that
             | software architecture is fake and only code is real.
        
               | Der_Einzige wrote:
               | Given that "design patterns" as a concept basically
               | doesn't exist outside of Java and a few other languages
               | no one actually uses, I'm apt to believe that "software
               | architecture is fake and only code is real".
        
               | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
               | Design patterns (as in commonly re-used designs that
               | solve commonly encountered problems) exist in every
               | language used enough to have commonly encountered
               | problems. Gang-of-Four style named design patterns are
               | mostly a Java thing, and repeatedly lead to the terrible
               | outcome of (hopefully junior) developers trying to find a
               | problem to use the design pattern they just learned about
               | on.
        
               | PeterStuer wrote:
               | The fall guy market is very sensitive to credentials. I
               | hired Joey Blows from Juice-My-AI just hasn't that CYA
               | shield of appoval.
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | I'm willing to believe that one can be better or worse at
               | management, and that in principle somebody could coach
               | you on how to get better.
               | 
               | That said, how would we measure if our KPMG engagement
               | worked or not? There's no control group company, so any
               | comparison will have to be statistical or vibes-based. If
               | there is a large enough sample size this can work: I'm
               | sure there is somebody out there that can prove
               | management consulting works for dentist practices in mid-
               | size US cities or whatever, though any well-connected
               | group that discovers this information can probably make
               | more money by just doing a rollup of them. This actually
               | seems to be happening in many industries of this kind.
               | Why consult on how to be a more profitable auto repair
               | business when you can do a leveraged buyout of 30 of
               | them, make them all more profitabl, and pocket that
               | insight yourself? I can understand if you're an poorly-
               | connected individual and short on capital, but the big
               | consulting firms are made up entirely of well-connected
               | people who rub elbows with rich people all day.
               | 
               | Fundamentally, there will never be enough data to prove
               | that IBM engaging McKinsey on AI in 2025 will have made
               | any difference in IBM's bottom line. There's only one IBM
               | and only one 2025!
        
           | code_for_monkey wrote:
           | I think this is the kind of logic you wind up with when you
           | start with the assumption that the Big 4 tell the truth about
           | absolutely everything all the time
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | Consulting companies don't sell productive advice. They sell
           | management insurance.
        
         | johnbenoe wrote:
         | Yea
        
         | psadauskas wrote:
         | AIs are great at generating bullshit, so if your job involves
         | generating bullshit, you're probably on the chopping block.
         | 
         | I just wish that instead of getting more efficient at
         | generating bullshit, we could just eliminate the bullshit.
        
           | potatoman22 wrote:
           | Some of the best applications of LLMs I've seen are for
           | reducing bullshit. My goal for creating AI products is to let
           | us act more like humans and less like oxen. I know it's
           | idealistic, but I need to act with some goal.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _AIs are great at generating bullshit, so if your job
           | involves generating bullshit, you 're probably on the
           | chopping block._
           | 
           | That covers majority of sales, advertising and marketing
           | work. Unfortunately, replacing people with AI there will only
           | make things worse for everyone.
        
         | cjs_ac wrote:
         | There's a connection to the return to office mandates here: the
         | managers who don't see how anyone can work at home are the ones
         | who've never done anything but yap in the office for a living,
         | so they don't understand how sitting somewhere quiet and just
         | _thinking_ counts as work or delivers value for the company. It
         | 's a critical failure to appreciate that different people do
         | different things for the business.
        
           | Jubijub wrote:
           | That is a hugely simplistic take that tells me you never
           | managed people out coordinated work across many people. I
           | mean I a more productive individually at home too, so are
           | probably all my folks in the team. But we don't always work
           | independently from each others, by which point having some
           | days in common is a massive booster
        
             | cjs_ac wrote:
             | There is a spectrum: at one extremity is mandatory in-
             | office presence every day; at the other is a fully-remote
             | business. For any given individual, and for any given team,
             | the approach needs to be placed on that spectrum according
             | to what it is that that individual or team does. I'm not
             | arguing in favour of any position on that spectrum; I'm
             | arguing against blanket mandates that don't involve any
             | consideration for what individuals in the business do.
        
         | const_cast wrote:
         | > What AI is going to wipe out is white collar jobs where
         | people sleepwalk through the working day and carelessly half
         | ass every task.
         | 
         | The only reason this existed in the first place is because
         | measuring performance is extremely difficult, and becomes more
         | difficult the more complex a person's job is.
         | 
         | AI won't fix that. So even if you eliminate 50% of your
         | employees, you won't be eliminating the bottom 50%. At worst,
         | and probably what happens on average, your choices are about as
         | good as random choice. So you end up with the same proportion
         | of shitty workers as you had before. At worst worst, you
         | actively select the poorest workers because you have some
         | shitty metrics, which happens more often than we'd all like to
         | think.
        
         | leeroihe wrote:
         | I don't really care what kind of work it is - you are my enemy
         | if it's your objective to create a machine that will
         | systematically devalue my work and kick me to the curb without
         | really caring about it. Explicitly in a "pure" bs capitalistic
         | way that "well you'll just figure something out, not my
         | problem". I say this as someone who's a big proponent of
         | capitalism and has owned a business.
         | 
         | It's a perversion of the free market and isn't good for anyone.
        
           | abletonlive wrote:
           | Thanks for saying it out loud. I meet a lot of people like
           | you that think the same way as part of my job and they aren't
           | willing to say it out loud.
           | 
           | It's about protecting your work, even if an LLM can do it
           | better.
           | 
           | The only way an LLM can devalue your work is if it can do it
           | better than you. And I don't _just_ mean quality, I mean as a
           | function of cost /quality/time.
           | 
           | Anyway, we can be enemies I don't care - I've been getting
           | rid of roles that aren't useful anymore as much as I can. I
           | do care that it affects them personally but I do want them to
           | be doing something more useful for us all whatever that may
           | be.
        
             | horns4lyfe wrote:
             | lol "I do care, but not enough to actually care"
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | Caring doesn't mean that you stop everything you're doing
               | to address someone's needs. That's a pretty binary world
               | if it was the case and maybe a convenient way to look at
               | motives when you don't want nuance.
               | 
               | Caring about climate change doesn't mean you need to
               | spend your entire life planting trees instead of doing
               | what you're doing.
        
           | xanthor wrote:
           | So you think the free market should serve social ends?
        
           | geraneum wrote:
           | > It's a perversion of the free market
           | 
           | We can, together, overcome such challenges when we accept
           | that "The purpose of a system is what it does".
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | There's a "purpose of a system", but there's also a purpose
             | which we want that system to serve, and which prompts us to
             | correct the system should it deviate from the goals we set
             | for it.
        
         | richardw wrote:
         | CEO's will be fine until their customers disappear. Are the
         | AI's going to click ads and buy iPhones?
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | I haven't worked in the US; and - have not yet worked in a
         | company where such employees exist. Some are slower, some are
         | fast or more efficient or productive - but they're all,
         | everyone, under the pressure of too many tasks assigned to
         | them, and it's always obvious that more personnel is needed but
         | budget (supposedly) precludes it.
         | 
         | So, what you're describing is a mythical situation for me. But
         | - US corporations are fabulously rich, or perhaps I should say
         | highly-valued, and there are lots of investors to throw money
         | at things I guess, so maybe that actually happens.
        
       | whynotminot wrote:
       | There's a hype machine for sure.
       | 
       | But the last few paragraphs of the piece kind of give away the
       | game -- the author is an AI skeptic judging only the current
       | products rather than taking in the scope of how far they've come
       | in such a short time frame. I don't have much use for this short
       | sighted analysis. It's just not very intelligent and shows a
       | stubborn lack of imagination.
       | 
       | It reminds me of that quote "it is difficult to get a man to
       | understand something, when his salary depends on his not
       | understanding it."
       | 
       | People like this have banked their futures on AI not working out.
        
         | codr7 wrote:
         | The opposite is more true imo.
         | 
         | It's the AI hype squad that are banking their future on AI
         | magically turning into AGI; because, you know, it surprised us
         | once.
        
           | whynotminot wrote:
           | Not really -- even if AGI doesn't work and these models don't
           | get any better, there's still enormous value to be mined just
           | from harnessing the existing state of the art.
           | 
           | Or these guys pivot and go back to building CRUD apps.
           | They're either at the front of something revolutionary... or
           | not... and they'll go back to other lucrative big tech jobs.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Is there enormous value? AI is burning cash at an
             | extraordinary rate on the promise that it will be an
             | enormous value. But if it plateaus, then all the servers,
             | GPUs, data centers, power and cooling and other
             | infrastructure will have to be paid for out of revenue.
             | Will customers be willing to pay the actual costs of
             | running this stuff.
        
               | whynotminot wrote:
               | I don't know if what they've built and are building in
               | the future will justify the level of investment. I'm not
               | an economist or a VC. It's hard to fathom the huge sums
               | being so casually thrown around.
               | 
               | All I can tell you is that for what I use AI for now in
               | both my personal and professional life, I would pay a lot
               | of money (way more than I already am) to keep just the
               | _current_ capabilities I already have access to today.
        
             | asadotzler wrote:
             | They've so far spent about what the world spent to build
             | out almost all of the broadband internet, the fiber, cable,
             | cellular, etc. If AI companies stop now, about 10 years
             | after they got going, does their effort give us trillions
             | of dollars being added to the economy each year from today
             | forward, like we got for every year after the 10 years of
             | internet build out between 1998 and 2008? I'm not seeing
             | it. If they stop now, that's a trillion dollars in the
             | dumper because no one can afford to operate the existing
             | tech without a continual influx of investor cash that may
             | never pay off.
        
         | bgwalter wrote:
         | Using the Upton Sinclair quote in this context is a sign of not
         | understanding the quote. The original quote means that you
         | ignore gross injustices of your employer in order to stay
         | employed.
         | 
         | It was never used in the sense of denigrating potential
         | competitors in order to stay employed.
         | 
         | > People like this have banked their futures on AI not working
         | out.
         | 
         | If "AI" succeeds, which is unlikely, what is _your_
         | recommendation to journalists? Should they learn how to code?
         | Should they become prostitutes for the 1%?
         | 
         | Perhaps the only option would be to make arrangements with the
         | Mafia like dock workers to protect their jobs. At least it
         | works: Dock workers have self confidence and do not constantly
         | talk about replacing themselves. /s
        
           | whynotminot wrote:
           | I think the quote makes perfect sense in this context,
           | regardless of the prior application.
           | 
           | As to my recommendation to what they do -- I dunno man. I'm a
           | software engineer. I don't know what _I_ am going to do yet.
           | But I'm sure as shit not burying my head in the sand.
        
             | bgwalter wrote:
             | Even if you apply the quote in a different sense, which
             | would take away all its pithiness, you are still
             | presupposing that "AI" will turn out to be a success.
             | 
             | The gross injustices in the original quote were already a
             | fact, which makes the quote so powerful.
        
               | whynotminot wrote:
               | AI as is, is already a success, which is why I find it so
               | baffling that people continue to write pieces like this.
               | 
               | We don't need AGI for there to be large displacement of
               | human labor. What's here is already good enough to
               | replace many of us.
        
       | johnwheeler wrote:
       | I previously worked at a company called Recharge Payments,
       | directly supporting the CTO, Mike--a genuinely great person, and
       | someone learning to program. Mike would assign me small tasks,
       | essentially making me his personal AI assistant. Now, I approach
       | everything I do from his perspective. It's clear that over time,
       | he'll increasingly rely on AI, asking employees less frequently.
       | Eventually, it'll become so efficient to turn to AI that he'll
       | rarely need to ask employees anything at all.
        
       | golol wrote:
       | > To be clear, Amodei didn't cite any research or evidence for
       | that 50% estimate.
       | 
       | I truly belive these types of paper don't deserve to be valued so
       | much.
        
         | righthand wrote:
         | Yes we live in a world where no "experts" are required to
         | provide any evidence or truth, but media outlets will gladly
         | publish every false word and idea. For the same reason these
         | Ceos want to wipe their workforce for more money, not a
         | functioning society.
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | The attention economy is ruining society.
        
       | idkwhattocallme wrote:
       | I worked at two different $10B+ market cap companies during ZIRP.
       | I recall in most meetings over half of the knowledge workers
       | attending were superfluous. I mean, we hired someone on my team
       | to attend cross functional meetings because our calendars were
       | literally too full to attend. Why could we do that? Because the
       | company was growing and hiring someone to attend meetings wasn't
       | going to hurt the skyrocketing stock. Plus hiring someone gave my
       | VP more headcount and therefore more clout. The market only
       | valued company growth, not efficiency. But the market always
       | capitulates to value (over time). When that happens all those
       | overlay hires will get axed. Both companies have since laid off
       | 10K+. AI was the scapegoat. But really, a lot of the knowledge
       | worker jobs it "replaces" weren't providing real value anyway.
        
         | bachmeier wrote:
         | > I mean, we hired someone on my team to attend cross
         | functional meetings because our calendars were literally too
         | full to attend.
         | 
         | Some managers read Dilbert and think it's intended as advice.
        
           | trhway wrote:
           | AI has been also consuming Dilbert as part of its training...
        
         | phendrenad2 wrote:
         | To the contrary - they were providing value to the VP who
         | benefitted from inflated headcount. That's "real value", it's
         | just a rogue agent is misaligned with the company's goals.
         | 
         | And AI cannot provide that kind of value. Will a VP in charge
         | of 100 AI agents be respected as much as a VP in charge of 100
         | employees?
         | 
         | At the end of the day, we're all just monkeys throwing bones in
         | the air in front of a monolith we constructed. But we're not
         | going to stop throwing bones in the air!
        
           | BriggyDwiggs42 wrote:
           | We really oughta work on setting up systems that don't waste
           | time on things like this. Might be hard, but probably would
           | be worth the effort.
        
           | idkwhattocallme wrote:
           | True! I golfed with the president of the division on a Friday
           | (during work) and we got to the root of this. Companies would
           | rather burn money on headcount (counted as R&D) than show
           | profits and pay the govt taxes. When you have 70%+ margin on
           | your software, you have money to burn. Dividends back to
           | shareholders was not rewarded during ZIRP. On VP's being
           | respected. I found at the companies I worked at VPs and their
           | directs were like Nobles in a feudal kingdom constantly
           | quibbling/battling for territory. There were alliances with
           | others and full on takeouts at points. One VP described it as
           | Game of Thrones. Not sure how this all changes when your
           | kingdom is a bunch of AI agents that presumably anyone can
           | operate.
        
             | myko wrote:
             | Not so fun in real life but I kind of like this as a video
             | game concept
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | > Companies would rather burn money on headcount (counted
             | as R&D) than show profits and pay the govt taxes
             | 
             | Then why are all the most valuable businesses the ones with
             | the highest profits?
             | 
             | https://companiesmarketcap.com/
             | 
             | Sort by # of employees and you get a list of companies with
             | lower market caps.
        
         | PeterStuer wrote:
         | "Hiring someone gave my VP more headcount and therefore more
         | clout"
         | 
         | Which is the sole reason automation will not make most people
         | obsolete until the VP level themselves are automated.
        
           | dlivingston wrote:
           | No, not if the metric by which VPs get clout changes.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | The more cloud spend the better. Take 10% of it as a bonus?
        
             | monkeyelite wrote:
             | That metric is evaluated deep in the human psyche.
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | I've worked at smaller companies where half the people in the
         | meetings were just there because they had nothing else to do.
         | Lots of "I'm a fly on the wall" and "I'll be a note taker"
         | types. Most of them contributed nothing.
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | My friend's company (he was VP of Software & IT at a non-tech
           | company) had a habit of meetings with no particular agenda
           | and no decisions that needed making. Just meeting because it
           | was on the calendar, discussing any random thing someone
           | wanted to blab about. Not how my friend ran his team but that
           | was how the rest did.
           | 
           | Then they had some disappointing results due to their bad
           | decision-making elsewhere in the company, and they turned to
           | my friend and said "Let's lay off some of your guys."
        
         | disambiguation wrote:
         | > But really, a lot of the knowledge worker jobs it "replaces"
         | weren't providing real value anyway.
         | 
         | I think quotes around "real value" would be appropriate as
         | well. Consider all the great engineering it took to create
         | Netflix, valued at $500b - which achieves what SFTP does for
         | free.
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | Just curious, did you put yourself in the superfluous category
         | either time?
        
         | mlsu wrote:
         | I suspect that these "AI layoffs" are really "interest rate"
         | layoffs in disguise.
         | 
         | Software was truly truly insane for a bit there. Straight out
         | of college, no-name CS degree, making $120, $150k (back when
         | $120k really meant $120k)? The music had to stop on that one.
        
           | catigula wrote:
           | That really only happened in HCOL areas.
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | Sure, but there was a massive concentration of such people
             | in those areas.
        
           | spamizbad wrote:
           | Yeah, my spiciest take is that Jr. Dev salaries really
           | started getting silly during the 2nd half of the 2010s. It
           | was ultimately supply (too little) and demand (too much)
           | pushing them upward, but it was a huge signal we were in a
           | bubble.
        
           | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
           | The irony now is that 120k is basically minimum wage for
           | major metros (and in most cases that excludes home
           | ownership).
           | 
           | Of course, that growth in wages in this sector was a
           | contributing factor to home/rental price increases as the
           | "market" could bear higher prices.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | CoL in London or Dublin is comparable to much of the US,
             | but new grad salaries are in the $30-50k range.
             | 
             | The issue is salary expectations in the US are much higher
             | than those in much of Western Europe despite having similar
             | CoL.
             | 
             | And $120k for a new grad is only a tech specific thing.
             | Even new grad management consultants earn $80-100k base,
             | and lower for other non-software roles and industries.
        
               | FirmwareBurner wrote:
               | _> but new grad salaries are in the $30-50k range_
               | 
               | But in UK an Ireland they get free healthcare, paid
               | vacation, sick leave and labor protections, no?
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | The labor protections are basically ignored (you will be
               | expected to work off the clock hours in any white collar
               | role), and the free healthcare portion gets paid out of
               | employer's pockets via taxes so it comes out the same as
               | a $70-80k base (and associated taxes) would in much of
               | the US.
               | 
               | There's a reason you don't see new grad hiring in France
               | (where they actually try to enforce work hours), and they
               | have a subsequently high youth unemployment rate.
               | 
               | Though even these new grad roles are at risk to move to
               | CEE, where their administrations are giving massive tax
               | holidays on the tune of $10-20k per employee if you
               | invest enough.
               | 
               | And the skills gap I mentioned about CS in the US exists
               | in Weatern Europe as well. CEE, Israel, and India are the
               | only large tech hubs that still treat CS as an
               | engineering disciple instead of as only a form of applied
               | math.
        
               | ponector wrote:
               | I've seen recently an open position for senior dev with
               | 60k salary and hybrid 3 days per week in London. Insane!
        
               | rcpt wrote:
               | Maybe the EU is different but in the US there's no
               | software engineering union. Our wages are purely what the
               | market dictates.
               | 
               | Think they're too high? You're free to start a company
               | and pay less.
        
             | rekenaut wrote:
             | I feel that saying "120k is basically minimum wage for
             | major metros" is absurd. As of 2022, there are only three
             | metro areas in the US that have a per capita income greater
             | than $120,000 [1] (Bay Area and Southwest Connecticut).
             | Anywhere else in the US, 120k is doing pretty well for
             | yourself, compared to the rest of the population. The
             | average American working full time earns $60k [2]. I'm sure
             | it's not a comfortable wage in some places, but "basically
             | minimum wage" just seems ignorant.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_met
             | ropol...
             | 
             | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_income_in_the_Un
             | ited_...
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | This is so true. We had a (admittedly derogatory) term we used
         | during the rise in interest rates, "zero interest rate product
         | managers". Don't get me wrong, I think great product managers
         | are worth their weight in gold, but I encountered so many PMs
         | during the ZIRP era who were essentially just Jira-updaters and
         | meeting-schedulers. The vast majority of folks I see that were
         | in tech that are having trouble getting hired now are in people
         | who were in those "adjacent" roles - think agile coaches, TPMs,
         | etc. (but I have a ton of sympathy for these folks - many of
         | them worked hard for years and built their skills - but these
         | roles were always somewhat "optional").
         | 
         | I'd also highlight that beyond over-hiring being responsible
         | for the downturn in tech employment, I think offshoring is
         | _way_ more responsible for the reduction in tech than AI when
         | it comes to US jobs. Video conferencing tech didn 't get really
         | good and ubiquitous (especially for folks working from home)
         | until the late teens, and since then I've seen an explosion of
         | offshore contractors. With so many folks working remotely
         | anyway, what does it matter if your coworker is in the same
         | city or a different continent, as long as there is at least
         | some daily time overlap (which is also why I've seen a ton of
         | offshoring to Latin America and Europe over places like India).
        
           | catigula wrote:
           | Off-shoring is pretty big right now but what shocks me is
           | that when I walk around my company campus I see obscene
           | amounts of people visibly and culturally from, mostly, India
           | and China. The idea that literally massive amounts of this
           | workforce couldn't possibly be filled by domestic grads is
           | pretty hard to engage with. These are low level business and
           | accounting analyst positions.
           | 
           | Both sides of the aisle retreated from domestic labor
           | protection for their own different reasons so the US labor
           | force got clobbered.
        
             | gedy wrote:
             | I was working at a SoCal company a couple years ago (where
             | I'm from), and we had a _lot_ of Chinese and Indian folks.
             | I remember cracking up when one of the Indian fellows
             | pulled me aside and asked me where I was from, because I
             | sounded so different with my accent and lingo. He thought I
             | was from some small European country, lol.
        
               | catigula wrote:
               | Just to note interpersonally I find pretty much any group
               | to be great on average but being a participant of US
               | labor and sympathetic to other US laborers this is
               | clearly not something I can support.
        
               | tcdent wrote:
               | The language I use being from southern California has, on
               | more than one occasion, sparked conversation about it.
               | 
               | Sorry, dude, it's like, all I know.
        
             | yobbo wrote:
             | > The idea that literally massive amounts of this workforce
             | couldn't possibly be filled by domestic grads
             | 
             | One theory is that the benefit they might be providing over
             | domestic "grads" is lack of prerequisites for promotion
             | above certain levels (language, cultural fit, and so on).
             | For managers, this means the prestige of increased
             | headcount without the various "burdens" of managing
             | "careerists". For example, less plausible competition for
             | career-ladder jobs which can then be reserved for favoured
             | individuals. Just a theory.
        
               | boredatoms wrote:
               | I think that would backfire as the intrinsic culture of
               | the company changes as it absorbs more people. Verticals
               | would form from new hires who did manage to get promoted
        
               | catigula wrote:
               | It's also not correct to view people as atomized
               | individuals. People band together on shared culture and
               | oftentimes ethnicity.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | I will admit that this is the most plausible explanation
               | of this phenomenon that explains the benefit to managers
               | I have read on this issue so far.
        
             | ajmurmann wrote:
             | I am VERY pro-immigration. I do have concerns about the H1B
             | program though. IMO it's not great for both immigrant
             | workers, as well as non-immigrant workers because it
             | creates a class of workers for whom it's harder to change
             | employers which weakens their negotiation position. If this
             | is the case for enough of the workforce it artificially
             | depresses wages for everyone. I want to see a reform that
             | makes it much easier for H1B workers to change employers.
        
               | bdangubic wrote:
               | amen! that will never happen though, nothing ever happens
               | here that helps the workers and whatever rights we have
               | now are slowly dwindling (immigrants or otherwise...)
        
               | catigula wrote:
               | I want to use you as a bit of a sounding board, so don't
               | take this as negative feedback.
               | 
               | The problem is that the left, which was historically pro-
               | labor, abdicated this position for racial reasons, and
               | the right was always about maximizing the economic zone.
        
             | absurdo wrote:
             | > I see obscene amounts of people visibly and culturally
             | from, mostly, India and China.
             | 
             | First time?
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | I worked at a small company with more PMs than developers. It
           | was incredible how much bull it created.
        
         | lukev wrote:
         | Whenever I think about AI and labor, I can't help thinking
         | about David Graeber's [Bullshit
         | Jobs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullshit_Jobs).
         | 
         | And there's multiple confounding factors at play.
         | 
         | Yes, lots of jobs are bullshit, so maybe AI is a plausible
         | excuse to downside and gain efficiency.
         | 
         | But also the dynamic that causes the existence of bullshit jobs
         | hasn't gone away. In fact, assuming AI does actually provide
         | meaningful automation or productivity improvemenet, it might
         | well be the case that the ratio of bullshit jobs _increases_.
        
       | paulluuk wrote:
       | Around the time when bitcoin started to get serious public
       | attention, late 2017, I remember feeling super hyped about it and
       | yet everyone told me that money spent on bitcoin was wasted
       | money. I really believed that bitcoin, or at least cryptocurrency
       | as a whole, would fundamentally change how banking and currencies
       | would work. Now, almost 10 years later, I would say that it did
       | not live up to my believe that it would "fundamentally" change
       | currencies and banking. It made some minor changes, sure, but if
       | it weren't for the value of bitcoin, it would still be a nerdy
       | topic about as well known as perlin noise. Although I did make
       | quite a lot of money from it, though I sold out way too soon.
       | 
       | As a research engineer in the field of AI, I am again getting
       | this feeling. People keep doubting that AI will have any kind of
       | impact, and I'm absolutely certain that it will. A few years ago
       | people said "AI art is terrible" and "LLMs are just autocomplete"
       | or the famous "AI is just if-else". By now it should be pretty
       | obvious to everyone in the tech community that AI, and LLMs in
       | particular, are extremely useful and already have a huge impact
       | on tech.
       | 
       | Is it going to fulfill all the promises made by billionaire tech
       | CEOs? No, of course not, at least not on the time scale that
       | they're projecting. But they are incredibly useful tools that can
       | enhance efficiency of almost any job that involves setting behind
       | a computer. Even just something like copilot autocomplete or
       | talking with an LLM about a refactor you're planning, is often
       | incredibly useful. And the amount of "intelligence" that you can
       | get from a model that can actually run on your laptop is also
       | getting much better very quickly.
       | 
       | The way I see it, either the AI hype will end up like
       | cryptocurrency: forever a part of our world, but never quite
       | lived up to it's promises, but I made a lot of money in the
       | meantime. Or the AI hype will live up to it's promises, but
       | likely over a much longer period of time, and we'll have to test
       | whether we can live with that. Personally I'm all for a fully
       | automated luxury communism model for government, but I don't see
       | that happening in the "better dead than red" US. It might become
       | reality in Europe though, who knows.
        
         | paulluuk wrote:
         | On a side note, I do worry about the energy consumption of AI.
         | I'll admit that, like the silicon valley tech bros, there is a
         | part of me that hopes that AI will allow researchers to invent
         | a solution to that -- something like fusion or switching to
         | quantum-computing AI models or whatever. But if that doesn't
         | happen, it's probably the biggest problem related to AI. More
         | so even than alignment, perhaps.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | > already have a huge impact on tech
         | 
         | As a user, I haven't seen a huge impact yet on the tech I use.
         | I'm curious what the coming years will bring, though.
        
         | jollyllama wrote:
         | Crypto is a really interesting point, because even the subset
         | of people who have invested in it don't use it on a day to day
         | basis. The entire valuation is based on speculative use cases.
        
         | surgical_fire wrote:
         | Something can be useful and massively overhyped at the same
         | time.
         | 
         | LLMs are good productivity tools. I've been using it for
         | coding, and it is massively helpful, really speeds things up.
         | There's a few asterisks there though
         | 
         | 1) I does generate bullshit, and this is an unavoidable part of
         | what LLMs are. The ratio of bullshit seems to come down with
         | reasoning layers above it, but they will always be there.
         | 
         | 2) LLMs, for obvious reasons, tend to be more useful the more
         | mainstream languages and libraries I am working with. The more
         | obscure it is, the less useful it gets. It may have a chilling
         | effect on technological advancement - new improved things are
         | less used because LLMs are bad at them due to lack of available
         | material, the new things shrivel and die on the vine without
         | having a chance of organic growth.
         | 
         | 3) The economics of it are super unclear. With the massive hype
         | there's a lot of money slushing around AI, but those models
         | seem obscenely expensive to create and even to run. It is very
         | unclear how things will be when the appetite of losing money at
         | this wanes.
         | 
         | All that said, AI is multiple breakthroughs away of replacing
         | humans, which does not mean they are not useful assistants. And
         | increase in productivity can lead to lower demand for labor,
         | which leads ro higher unemployment. Even modest unemployment
         | rates can have grim societal effects.
         | 
         | The world is always ending anyway.
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | > By now it should be pretty obvious to everyone in the tech
         | community that AI, and LLMs in particular, are extremely useful
         | and already have a huge impact on tech.
         | 
         | Enough to cause the next financial crash, achieving a steady
         | increase of 10% global unemployment in the next decade at
         | worst,
         | 
         | That is the _true_ definition of AGI.
        
       | fny wrote:
       | I think everyone is missing the bigger picture.
       | 
       | This is not a matter of whether AI will replace humans whole
       | sale. There are two more predominant effects:
       | 
       | 1. You'll need fewer humans to do the same task. In other forms
       | of automation, this has led to a decrease in employment. 2. The
       | supply of capable humans increases dramatically. 3. Expertise is
       | no longer a perfect moat.
       | 
       | I've seen 2. My sister nearly flunked a coding class in college,
       | but now she's writing small apps for her IT company.
       | 
       | And for all of you who poo poo that as unsustainable. I became
       | proficient in Rust in a week, and I picked up Svelte in a day.
       | I've written a few shaders too! The code I've written is
       | pristine. All those conversations about "should I learn X to be
       | employed" are totally moot. Yes APL would be harder, but it's
       | definitely doable. This is an example of 3.
       | 
       | Overall, this will surely cause wage growth to slow and maybe
       | decrease. In turn, job opportunities will dry up and unemployment
       | might ensue.
       | 
       | For those who still don't believe, air traffic controllers are a
       | great thought experiment--they're paid quite nicely. What happens
       | if you build tools so that you can train and employ 30% of the
       | population instead of just 10%?
        
         | BigJono wrote:
         | > I became proficient in Rust in a week, and I picked up Svelte
         | in a day. I've written a few shaders too! The code I've written
         | is pristine. All those conversations about "should I learn X to
         | be employed" are totally moot.
         | 
         | fucking lmao
        
           | fny wrote:
           | My point is you learn X and your time to learn and ship Y is
           | dramatically reduced.
           | 
           | It would have taken me a month to write the GPU code I needed
           | in Blender, and I had everything working in a week.
           | 
           | And none of this was "vibed": I understand exactly what each
           | line does.
        
             | whyowhy3484939 wrote:
             | You did not and you are not proficient. LLMs and AI in
             | general cater to your insecurities. An actual good human
             | mentor will wipe the floor with your arrogance and you'll
             | be better for it.
        
             | ofjcihen wrote:
             | It would have taken you a month and you would have been
             | able to understand it 100x more.
             | 
             | LLMs are great but what they really excel at is raising the
             | rates of Dunning-Kruger in every industry they touch.
        
           | whyowhy3484939 wrote:
           | Yes, this is definitely missing a /s, I hope.
           | 
           | Please for the love of god tell me this is a joke.
        
         | hooverd wrote:
         | Can you talk about Rust without your friend computer?
        
           | fny wrote:
           | Of course not! But I can definitely ship useful tools, and I
           | can could learn to talk the talk in a tenth of the time it
           | would otherwise have taken.
           | 
           | Which is my point, this is not about replacement, it's about
           | reducing the need and increasing supply.
        
           | MattSayar wrote:
           | Can you talk about assembly without the internet?
           | 
           | I fully understand your point and even agree with it to an
           | extent. LLMs are just another layer of abstraction, like C is
           | an abstraction for asm is an abstraction for binary is an
           | abstraction for transistors... we all stand on the shoulders
           | of giants. We write code to accomplish a task, not the other
           | way around.
        
             | hooverd wrote:
             | I think friction is important to learning and expertise.
             | LLMs are great tools if you view them as compression. I
             | think calculators are a good example, people like to bring
             | those up as a gotcha, but an alarming amount of people are
             | now innumerate on basic receipt math or comprehending
             | orders of magnitude.
        
               | MattSayar wrote:
               | It is absolutely essential that we still have experts who
               | know the details. LLMs are just the tide that lifts all
               | ships.
        
             | bluefirebrand wrote:
             | > Can you talk about assembly without the internet?
             | 
             | Yes.
             | 
             | Can you not?
        
         | ironman1478 wrote:
         | "I became proficient in Rust in a week". How did you evaluate
         | that if you weren't an expert in Rust to begin with? What does
         | proficient mean to you? Also, are you advocating we get rid of
         | air traffic controllers with AI? How would we train the AI?
         | What model would you use? If you can't solve a safety critical
         | problem from first principles, there is no way an AI should be
         | in the loop. This makes no sense.
         | 
         | Cynically, I'm happy we have this AI generated code. It's gonna
         | create so much garbage and they'll have to pay good senior
         | engineers more money to clean it all up.
        
           | ofjcihen wrote:
           | To your second point we're seeing a huge comeback of
           | vulnerabilities that we're "mostly gone". Things like very
           | basic RCEs and SQLi. This is a great thing for security
           | workers as well.
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | At least temporarily, it can be somewhat self-fulfilling, though.
       | Companies believe it, think they'd better shed white-collar jobs
       | to stay competitive. If enough companies believe that, white-
       | collar jobs go down, even if AI is useless.
       | 
       | Of course, in the medium term, those companies may find out that
       | they _needed_ those people, and have to hire, and then have to
       | re-train the new people, and suffer all the disruption that
       | causes, and the companies that didn 't do that will be ahead of
       | the game. (Or, they find out that they really _didn 't_ need all
       | those people, even if AI is useless, and the companies that
       | didn't get rid of them are stuck with a higher expense structure.
       | We'll see.)
        
       | josefritzishere wrote:
       | I don't think we've seen a technology more over-hyped in the
       | history of industrialized society. Cars, which did fully replace
       | horses, was not even hyped this hard.
        
       | spcebar wrote:
       | Something is nagging me about the AI-human replacement
       | conversation that I would love insight from people who know more
       | about startup money than me. It seems like the AI revolution hit
       | as interest rates went insane, and at the same time the AI that
       | could write code was becoming available, the free VC money dried
       | up, or at least changed. I feel like that's not usually a part of
       | the conversation and I'm wondering if we would be having the same
       | conversation if money for startups was thrown around (and more
       | jobs were being created for SWEs) the way it was when interest
       | rates were zero. I know next to nothing about this and would love
       | to hear informed opinions.
        
         | swyx wrote:
         | its not part of the conversation because the influence here is
         | tangential at best (1) and your sense of how much vc money is
         | on the table at any given time is not good (2).
         | 
         | 1a. most seed/A stage investing is acyclical because it is not
         | really about timing for exits, people just always need dry
         | powder
         | 
         | 1b. tech advancement is definitely acyclical - alexnet,
         | transformers, and gpt were all just done by very small teams
         | without a lot of funding. gpt2->3 was funded by microsoft, not
         | vc
         | 
         | 2a. (i have advance knowledge of this bc i've previewed the
         | keynote slides for ai.engineer) free vc money slowed in
         | 2022-2023 but has not at all dried up and in fact reaccelerated
         | in a very dramatic way. up 70% this yr
         | 
         | 2b. "vc" is a tenous term when all biglabs are >>10b valuation
         | and raising from softbank or sovereign wealth. its no longer
         | vc, its about reallocating capital from publics to privates
         | because the only good ai co's are private
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | I'm not seeing how you're replying to this comment. I'm not
           | sure you've understood their point.
           | 
           | The point is that there's a correlation between macroeconomic
           | dynamics (ie., the price of credit increasing) and the "rise
           | of AI". In ordinary times, absent AI, the macroeconomic
           | dynamics would fully explain the economic shifts we're
           | seeing.
           | 
           | So the question is why do we event need to mention AI in our
           | explanation of recent economic shifts?
           | 
           | What phenomena, exactly, require positing AI disruption?
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | _> What phenomena, exactly, require positing AI
             | disruption?_
             | 
             | AI company CEOs trying to juice their stock evaluations?
        
         | sfRattan wrote:
         | > It seems like the AI revolution hit as interest rates went
         | insane...
         | 
         | > ...I'm wondering if we would be having the same conversation
         | if money for startups was thrown around (and more jobs were
         | being created for SWEs) the way it was when interest rates were
         | zero.
         | 
         | The end of free money probably has to do with why C-level types
         | are salivating at AI tools as a cheaper potential replacement
         | for some employees, but describing the interest rates returning
         | to nonzero percentages as _going insane_ is really kind of a...
         | wild take?
         | 
         | The period of interest rates at or near zero was a historical
         | anomaly [1]. And that policy clearly resulted in massive,
         | systemic misallocation of investment at global scale.
         | 
         | You're describing it as if that was the "normal?"
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.macrotrends.net/2015/fed-funds-rate-
         | historical-c...
        
       | michaeldoron wrote:
       | Every time an analyst gives the current state of AI-based tools
       | as evidence supporting AI disruption being just a hype, I think
       | of skeptics who dismissed the exponential growth of covid19 cases
       | due to their initial low numbers.
       | 
       | Putting that aside, how is this article called an analysis and
       | not an opinion piece? The only analysis done here is asking a
       | labor economist what conditions would allow this claim to hold,
       | and giving an alternative, already circulated theory that AI
       | companies CEOs are creating a false hype. The author even uses
       | everyday language like "Yeaaahhh. So, this is kind of Anthropic's
       | whole ~thing.~ ".
       | 
       | Is this really the level of analysis CNN has to offer on this
       | topic?
       | 
       | They could have sketched the growth in foundation model
       | capabilities vs. finite resources such as data, compute and
       | hardware. They could have wrote about the current VC market and
       | the need for companies to show results and not promises. They
       | could have even wrote about the giant biotech industry, and its
       | struggle with incorporating novel exciting drug discovery tools
       | with slow moving FDA approvals. None of this was done here.
        
         | bckr wrote:
         | That's not what major news outlets are for. I'm not sure
         | exactly what they're for.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Analysis == Opinion when it comes to mainstream news reporting.
         | It's one guy's thinking on something.
        
         | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
         | I'm not seeing how comparing AI to a virus that killed millions
         | and left tens of millions crippled is an effective way to
         | support your argument.
        
           | drewcon wrote:
           | Humans are not familiar with exponential change so they have
           | almost no ability to manage through exponential change.
           | 
           | Its an apt comparison. The criticisms in the cnn article are
           | already out date in many instances.
        
             | const_cast wrote:
             | Viruses spread and propagate themselves, often changing
             | along the way. AI doesn't, and probably shouldn't. I think
             | we've made a few movies on why that's a bad idea.
        
             | geraneum wrote:
             | > Humans are not familiar with exponential change
             | 
             | Humans are. We have tools to measure exponential growth
             | empirically. It was done for COVID (i.e. epidemiologists do
             | that usually) and is done for economy and other aspects of
             | our life. If there's to be exponential growth, we should be
             | able to put it in numbers. "True me bro" is not a good
             | measure.
             | 
             | Edit: typo
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | There's individual persons modelling exponential change
               | just fine, and then there's what happens when you apply
               | to the populace at large.
               | 
               | "A person is smart. People are dumb, panicky dangerous
               | animals and you know it."
        
               | geraneum wrote:
               | > when you apply to the populace at large
               | 
               | What does this mean? What do you apply to populace at
               | large? Do you mean a populace doesn't model the
               | exponential change right?
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | Yep that's what I meant! Context clues did you well here.
        
             | agarren wrote:
             | > The criticisms in the cnn article are already out date in
             | many instances.
             | 
             | Which ones, specifically? I'm genuinely curious. The ones
             | about "[an] unfalsifiable disease-free utopia"? The one
             | from a labor economist basically equating Amodei's high-
             | unemployment/strong economy claims to pure fantasy? The
             | fact that nothing Amodei said was cited or is substantiated
             | in any meaningful way? Maybe the one where she points out
             | that Amodei is fundamentally a sales guy, and that
             | Anthropic is making the rounds saying scary stuff just
             | after they released a new model - a techbro marketing push?
             | 
             | I like anthropic. They make a great product. Shame about
             | their CEO - just another techbro pumping his scheme.
        
           | dingnuts wrote:
           | especially when the world population is billions and at the
           | beginning we were worried about double digit IFR.
           | 
           | Yeah. Imagine if COVID had actually killed 10% of the world
           | population. Killing millions sucks, but mosquitos regularly
           | do that too, and so does tuberculosis, and we don't shut down
           | everything. Could've been close to a billion. Or more.
           | Could've been so much worse.
        
         | aaronbaugher wrote:
         | > Is this really the level of analysis CNN has to offer on this
         | topic?
         | 
         | Not just this topic.
        
         | bgwalter wrote:
         | Why not use the promised exponential growth of home ownership
         | that led to the catastrophic real estate bubble that burst in
         | 2008 as an example?
         | 
         | We are still dealing with the aftereffects, which led to the
         | elimination of any working class representation in politics and
         | suppression of real protests like Occupy Wall Street.
         | 
         | When this bubble bursts, the IT industry will collapse for some
         | years like in 2000.
        
           | michaeldoron wrote:
           | The growth of home ownership was an indicator of real estate
           | investment, not of real world capabilities - once the value
           | of real estate dropped and the bubble burst, those
           | investments were worth less than before, causing the crisis.
           | In contrast, the growth in this scenario is the capabilities
           | of foundation models (and to a lesser extent, the
           | technologies that stem out of these capabilities). This is
           | not a promise or an investment, it's not an indication of
           | speculative trust in this technology, it is a non-decreasing
           | function indicating a real increase in performance.
        
         | PeterStuer wrote:
         | "Is this really the level of analysis CNN has to offer on this
         | topic?"
         | 
         | It's not CNN exlusive. Newsmedia that did not evolve towards
         | clicks, riling up people, hatewatching and paid propaganda to
         | the highest bidder went extinct a decade ago. This is what
         | _did_ evolve.
        
           | biophysboy wrote:
           | This is outdated. Most of journalism has shifted to
           | subscription models, offering a variety of products under one
           | roof: articles, podcasts, newsletters, games, recipes,
           | product reviews, etc.
        
         | biophysboy wrote:
         | Its an article reformulated from a daily newsletter.
         | Newsletters take the form of a quick, casual follow up to
         | current events (e.g. an Amodei interview). Its not intended to
         | be exhaustive analysis.
         | 
         | Besides the labor economist bit, it also makes the correct
         | point that tech people regularly exaggerate and lie. A great
         | example of this is biotech, a field I work in.
        
         | leeroihe wrote:
         | The best heuristic is what people are realizing happened with
         | uncheck "skilled" immigration in places like canada (and soon
         | the U.S.). Everyone was sold that we "need these workers"
         | because nobody was willing to work and that they added to GDP.
         | When in reality, there's now significant evidence that all
         | these new arrivals did was put a net drain on welfare, devalue
         | the labor of endemic citizens (regardless of race - in many
         | cases affecting endemic minorities MORE) and in the end, just
         | reduced cost while degrading companies who did this.
         | 
         | We will wake up in 5 yrs to find we replaced people for a
         | dependence on a handful of companies that serve llms and make
         | inference chips. Its beyond dystopian.
        
           | matteotom wrote:
           | Can you provide more details about said "significant
           | evidence"? This seems to be a pretty popular belief, despite
           | being contrary to generally accepted economics, and I've yet
           | to see good evidence for it.
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | You can pick and choose problems from history where folk belief
         | was wrong: WW1 vs. Y2K.
         | 
         | This isn't very informative. Indeed, engaging in this argument-
         | by-analoguy betrays a lack of actual analysis, credible
         | evidence and justification for a position. Arguing "by analogy"
         | in this way, which picks and chooses an analogy, just restates
         | your position -- it doesnt give anyone reasons to believe it.
        
         | timr wrote:
         | > I think of skeptics who dismissed the exponential growth of
         | covid19 cases due to their initial low numbers.
         | 
         | Uh, not to be petty, but the growth _was not_ exponential --
         | neither in retrospect, nor given what was knowable at any point
         | in time. About the most aggressive, correct thing you could've
         | said at the time was "sigmoid growth", but even that was
         | basically wrong.
         | 
         | If that's your example, it's inadvertently an argument for the
         | other side of the debate: people say lots of silly, unfounded
         | things at Peak Hype that sound superficially correct and/or
         | "smart", but fail to survive a round of critical reasoning. I
         | have no doubt we'll look back on this period of time and find
         | something similar.
        
         | Terr_ wrote:
         | > I think of skeptics who dismissed the exponential growth of
         | covid19 cases due to their initial low numbers.
         | 
         | Compare: "Whenever I think of skeptics dismissing completely
         | novel and unprecedented outcomes occurring by mechanisms we
         | can't clearly identify or prove (will) exist... I think of
         | skeptics who dismissed an outcome that had literally hundreds
         | of well-studied historical precedents using proven processes."
         | 
         | You're right that humans don't have a good intuition for non-
         | linear growth, but that common thread doesn't heal over those
         | other differences.
        
         | monkeyelite wrote:
         | > I think of skeptics who dismissed the exponential growth of
         | covid19 cases due to their initial low numbers.
         | 
         | But that didn't happen. All of the people like pg who drew
         | these accelerating graphs were wrong.
         | 
         | In fact, I think just about every commenter on COVID was wrong
         | about what would happen in the early months regardless of
         | political angle.
        
       | bachmeier wrote:
       | > AI is starting to get better than humans at almost all
       | intellectual tasks
       | 
       | "Starting" is doing a hell of lot of work in that sentence. I'm
       | starting to become a billionaire and Nobel Prize winner.
       | 
       | Anyway, I agree with Mark Cuban's statement in the article. The
       | most likely scenario is that we become more productive as AI
       | complements humans. Yesterday I made this comment on another HN
       | story:
       | 
       | "Copilot told me it's there to do the "tedious and repetitive"
       | parts so I can focus my energy on the "interesting" parts. That's
       | great. They do the things every programmer hates having to do.
       | I'm more productive in the best possible way.
       | 
       | But ask it to do too much and it'll return error-ridden garbage
       | filled with hallucinations, or just never finish the task. The
       | economic case for further gains has diminished greatly while the
       | cost of those gains rises."
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | > I'm starting to become a billionaire
         | 
         | Suggests you are accumulating money, not losing it. That I
         | think is the point of the original comment: AI is getting
         | better, not worse. (Or humans are getting worse? Ha ha, not ha
         | ha.)
        
           | bachmeier wrote:
           | > That I think is the point of the original comment: AI is
           | getting better, not worse.
           | 
           | Well, in order to meet the standard of the quote "wipe out
           | half of all entry-level office jobs ... sometime soon. Maybe
           | in the next couple of years" we need more than just getting
           | better. We need considerably better technology with a better
           | cost structure to wipe out that many jobs. Saying we're
           | starting on that task when the odds are no better than me
           | becoming a billionaire within two years is what we used to
           | call BS.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | It it sustainable? I know when I program, it's sometimes nice
         | to get to something that's easy, even if it's tedious and
         | repetitive. It's like stopping to walk for a bit when you're on
         | a run. You're still moving, but you can catch your breath and
         | recharge.
        
           | bachmeier wrote:
           | Oh, I agree, but I'd say that it's probably easier to do
           | those small things than it is to figure out a prompt to have
           | Copilot do them. If it feels good, there's no reason not to
           | do it yourself. I think we'd all agree that it's a joy to be
           | able to tell Copilot to write out the scaffolding at the
           | start of a new project.
        
       | ArtTimeInvestor wrote:
       | Imagine you had a crystal ball that lets you look 10 years into
       | the future, and you asked it about whether we underestimate or
       | overestimate how many jobs AI will replace in the future.
       | 
       | It flickers for a moment, then it either says
       | 
       | "In 2025, mankind vastly underestimated the amount of jobs AI can
       | do in 2035"
       | 
       | or
       | 
       | "In 2025, mankind vastly overestimated the amount of jobs AI can
       | do in 2035"
       | 
       | How would you use that information to invest in the stock market?
        
         | elcapitan wrote:
         | If I had a crystal ball that lets me look 10 years into the
         | future and I wanted to invest in the stock market, I would ask
         | it about the stock market.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I'm already assuming the first answer but nonetheless have
         | absolutely no idea how I would use that to make a guess about
         | the stock market.
         | 
         | So it's index funds (as always) with me anyway.
        
         | usersouzana wrote:
         | Heads or tails, then proceed accordingly. You won't waste any
         | more time analyzing it in hopes of getting it right.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | These are the moments that make millionaires. A majority of
       | people believe that AI is going to thoroughly disrupt society.
       | They've been primed to worry about an "AI apocalypse" by
       | Hollywood for their entire lives. The prevailing counter-
       | narrative is that AI is going to flop. HARD. You can't get more
       | diametrically opposed than that. If you can correctly guess (or
       | logically determine) which is correct, and bet all of your money
       | on it, you can launch yourself into a whole other echelon of
       | life.
       | 
       | I've been a heavy user of AI ever since ChatGPT was released for
       | free. I've been tracking its progress relative to the work done
       | by humans at large. I've concluded that it's improvements over
       | the last few years are not across-the-board changes, but benefit
       | specific areas more than others. And unfortunately for AI hype
       | believers, it happens to be areas such as art, which provide a
       | big flashy "look at this!" demonstration of AI's power to people.
       | But... try letting AI come up with a nuanced character for a
       | novel, or design an amplifier circuit, or pick stocks, or do your
       | taxes.
       | 
       | I'm a bit worried about YCombinator. I like Hacker News. I'm a
       | bit worried that YC has so much riding on AI startups. After
       | machine learning, crypto, the post-Covid 19 healthcare bubble,
       | fintech, NFTs, can they take another blow when the music stops?
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | > The prevailing counter-narrative is that AI is going to flop.
         | HARD.
         | 
         | Why is that the counter-narrative? Doesn't it seem more likely
         | that it will contine to gradually improve, perhaps
         | asymptotically, maybe be more specifically trained in the
         | niches where it works well, and it will just become another
         | tool that humans use?
         | 
         | Maybe that's a flop compared to the hype?
        
           | ls612 wrote:
           | At the rate the hyperscalers are increasing capex anything
           | less than 1990s internet era growth rates will not be pretty.
           | So far its been able to sustain those growth rates at the big
           | boy AI companies (look at OpenAI revenue over time) but will
           | it continue? Are we near the end of major LLM advances or are
           | we near the beginning? There are compelling arguments both
           | ways (running out of data is IMO the most compelling bear
           | argument).
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | I wouldn't worry too much about YCombinator. Although
         | individual investors can get richer or poorer, "investors" as a
         | class effectively have unlimited money. Collectively, they will
         | always be looking for a place to put it so it keeps growing
         | even more, so there will always be work for firms like
         | YCombinator to sprinkle all that investment money around.
        
       | rjurney wrote:
       | Workers in denial are like lemmings, headed for the cliff... not
       | putting myself above that. A moderate view indicates great
       | disruption before new jobs replace the current round being lost.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | "If the CEO of a soda company declared that soda-making
       | technology is getting so good it's going to ruin the global
       | economy, you'd be forgiven for thinking that person is either
       | lying or fully detached from reality.
       | 
       | Yet when tech CEOs do the same thing, people tend to perk up."
       | 
       | Silicon Valley and Redmond make desperate attempts to argue for
       | their own continued relevance.
       | 
       | For Silicon Valley VC, software running on computers cannot be
       | just a tool. It has to cause "disruption". It has to be "eating
       | the world". It has to be a source of "intelligence" that can
       | replace people.
       | 
       | If software and computers are just boring appliances, like
       | yesterday's typewriters, calculators, radios, TVs, etc., then
       | Silicon Valley VC may need to find a new line of work. Expect the
       | endless media hype to continue.
       | 
       | No doubt soda technology is very interesting. But people working
       | at soda companies are not as self-absorbed, detached from reality
       | and overfunded as people working for so-called "tech" companies.
        
       | cadamsdotcom wrote:
       | CEOs' jobs involve hyping their companies. It's up to us whether
       | we believe.
       | 
       | I'd love a journalist using Claude to debunk Dario: "but don't
       | believe me, I'm just a journalist - we asked Dario's own product
       | if he's lying through his teeth, and here's what it said:"
        
         | geraneum wrote:
         | I'd love a journalist that do their job. For example when
         | someone like this CEO pulls a number out of their ass, maybe
         | push them on how they arrived at this? Why does it displace
         | 50%? Why 70? Why not 45?
        
       | elktown wrote:
       | Tech has a big problem of selective critical thinking due to a
       | perpetual gold rush causing people to adopt a stockbroker
       | mentality of not missing out on the next big thing - be it the
       | next subfield like AI, the next cool tech that you can be an
       | early adopter on etc. But yeah, nothing new under the sun; it's
       | corruption.
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | In many spheres today "thought leadership" is a kind of
         | marketing and sales activity. It is no wonder then that no one
         | can think and no one can lead: either would be an fatal to
         | healthy sales.
        
       | leeroihe wrote:
       | I used to be a big proponent of AI tools and llms, even built
       | products around them. But to be honest, with all of the big AI
       | ceos promising that they're going to "replace all white collar
       | jobs" I can't see that they want what's best for the country or
       | the american people. It's legitimately despicable and ghoulish
       | that they just expect everyone to "adapt" to the downstream
       | affects of their knowledge-machine lock-in.
        
       | bawana wrote:
       | When are going to get AI CEOs as a service?
        
       | bawana wrote:
       | When are we going to get AI CEOs as a service?
        
       | CKMo wrote:
       | There's definitely a big problem with entry-level jobs being
       | replaced by AI. Why hire an intern or a recent college-grad when
       | they lack both the expertise and experience to do what an AI
       | could probably do?
       | 
       | Sure, the AI might require handholding and prompting too, but the
       | AI is either cheaper or actually "smarter" than the young person.
       | In many cases, it's both. I work with some people who I believe
       | have the capacity and potential to one day be competent, but the
       | time and resource investment to make that happen is too much. I
       | often find myself choosing to just use an AI for work I would
       | have delegated to them, because I need it fast and I need it now.
       | If I handed it off to them I would not get it fast, and I would
       | need to also go through it with them in several back-and-forth
       | feedback-review loops to get it to a state that's usable.
       | 
       | Given they are human, this would push back delivery times by 2-3
       | business days. Or... I can prompt and handhold an AI to get it
       | done in 3 hours.
       | 
       | Not that I'm saying AI is a god-send, but new grads and entry-
       | level roles are kind of screwed.
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | This is always the case though. A factor of 50x productivity
         | between expert and novice is small. Consider how long it take
         | you to conduct foot surgery vs. a food surgeon -- close to a
         | decade of medical school + medical experience -- just for a
         | couple hours of work.
         | 
         | There have never been that many businesses able to hire novices
         | for this reason.
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | This is a big part of why a _lot_ of developers ' first 1-3
           | jobs are small mom & pop shops of varying levels of quality,
           | almost none of which have "good" engineering cultures. Market
           | rate for a new grad dev might be X, it's hard to find an
           | entry level job at X but mom & pop business who needs 0.7 FTE
           | developers is willing to pay 0.8X and even though the owner
           | is batshit insane it's not a bad deal for the 22 and 23 year
           | olds willing to do it.
        
             | mjburgess wrote:
             | Sure. I mean perhaps, LLMs will accelerate a return to a
             | more medieval culture in tech where you "have to start at
             | 12 to be any good". Personally, I think that's a good
             | (enough) idea. By 22, I'd at least a decade of experience;
             | my first job at 20 was as a contractor for a major
             | national/multinational.
             | 
             | Programming is a craft, and just like any other, the best
             | time to learn it is when it's free to learn.
        
           | InitialLastName wrote:
           | I think for a surgeon as an example, quality may be a better
           | metric than time. I'll bet I could conduct an attempted foot
           | surgery way faster than a foot surgeon, but they're likely to
           | conduct _successful_ foot surgeries.
        
         | abletonlive wrote:
         | This is a big issue in the short term but in the long term I
         | actually think AI is going to be a huge democratization of work
         | and company building.
         | 
         | I spend a lot of time encouraging people to not fight the tide
         | and spend that time intentionally experimenting and seeing what
         | you can do. LLMs are already useful and it's interesting to me
         | that anybody is arguing it's just good for toy applications.
         | This is a poisonous mindset and results in a potentially far
         | worse outcome than over-hyping AI for an individual.
         | 
         | I am wondering if I should actually quit a >500K a year job
         | based around LLM applications and try to build something on my
         | own with it right now.
         | 
         | I am NOT someone that thinks I can just craft some fancy prompt
         | and let an LLM agent build me a company, but I think it's a
         | very powerful tool when used with great intention.
         | 
         | The new grads and entry level people are scrappy. That's why
         | startups before LLMs liked to hire them. (besides being cheap,
         | they are just passionate and willing to make a sacrifice to
         | prove their worth)
         | 
         | The ones with a lot of creativity have an opportunity right now
         | that many of us did not when we were in their shoes.
         | 
         | In my opinion, it's important to be technically potent in this
         | era, but it's now even more important to be _creative_ - and
         | that 's just what so many people lack.
         | 
         | Sitting in front of a chat prompt and coming up with an idea is
         | hard for the majority of people that would rather be told what
         | to do or what direction to take.
         | 
         | My message to the entry-level folks that are in this weird time
         | period. It's tough, and we can all acknowledge that - but don't
         | let cynicism shackle you. Before LLMs, your greatest asset was
         | fresh eyes and the lack of cynicism brought upon by years of
         | industry. Don't throw away that advantage just because the job
         | market is tough. You, just like everybody else, have a very
         | powerful tool and opportunity right in front of you.
         | 
         | The amount of people trying to convince you that it's just a
         | sham and hype means that you have less competition to worry
         | about. You're actually lucky there's a huge cohort of
         | experienced people that have completely dismissed LLMs because
         | they were too egotistical to spend meaningful time evaluating
         | it and experimenting with it. LLM capabilities are still
         | changing every 6 months-1 year. Anybody that has decided
         | concretely that there is nothing to see here is misleading you.
         | 
         | Even in the current state of LLM if the critics don't see the
         | value and how powerful it is mostly a lack of imagination
         | that's at play. I don't know how else to say it. If I'm already
         | able to eliminate someone's role by using an LLM then it's
         | already powerful enough in its current state. You can argue
         | that those roles were not meaningful or important and I'd agree
         | - but we as a society are spending trillions on those roles
         | right now and would continue to do so if not for LLMs
        
           | izabera wrote:
           | what does "huge democratization of work" even mean? what
           | world do you people live in? the current global unemployment
           | rate on my planet is around 5% so that seems pretty
           | democratised already?
        
             | abletonlive wrote:
             | What I mean by that is that you have even more power to
             | start your own company or use LLMs to reduce the friction
             | of doing something yourself instead of hiring someone else
             | to do it for you.
             | 
             | Just as the internet was a democratization of information,
             | llms are a democratization of output.
             | 
             | That may be in terms of production or art. There is
             | _clearly_ a lower barrier for achieving both now compared
             | to pre-llm. If you can 't see this then you don't just have
             | your head stuck in the sand, you have it severed and
             | blasted into another reality.
             | 
             | The reason why you reacted in such a way is again, a lack
             | of imagination. To you, "work" means "employment" and a
             | means to a paycheck. But work is more than that. It is the
             | output that matters, and whether that output benefits you
             | or your employer is up to you. You now have more leverage
             | than ever for making it benefit you because you're not
             | paying that much time/money to ask an LLM to do it for you.
             | 
             | Pre-llm, most for-hire work was only accessible to
             | companies with a much bigger bank account than yours.
             | 
             | There is an ungodly amount of white collar workers
             | maintaining spreadsheets and doing bullshit jobs that LLMs
             | can do just fine. And that's not to say all of those jobs
             | have completely useless output, it's just that the amount
             | of bodies it takes to produce that output is unreasonable.
             | 
             | We are just getting started getting rid of them. But the
             | best part of it is that you can do all of those bullshit
             | jobs with an LLM for whatever idea you have in your pocket.
             | 
             | For example, I don't need an army of junior engineers to
             | write all my boilerplate for me. I might have a protege if
             | I am looking to actually mentor someone and hire them for
             | that reason, but I can easily also just use LLMs to make
             | boilerplate and write unit tests for me at the same time.
             | Previously I would have had to have 1 million dollars
             | sitting around to fund the amount of output that I am able
             | to produce with a $20 subscription to an LLM service.
             | 
             | The junior engineer can also do this too, albeit in most
             | cases less effectively.
             | 
             | That's democratization of work.
             | 
             | In your "5% unemployment" world you have many more
             | gatekeepers and financial barriers.
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | > What I mean by that is that you have even more power to
               | start your own company or use LLMs to reduce the friction
               | of doing something yourself instead of hiring someone
               | else to do it for you.
               | 
               | > Previously I would have had to have 1 million dollars
               | sitting around to fund the amount of output that I am
               | able to produce with a $20 subscription to an LLM
               | service.
               | 
               | this sounds like the death of employment and the start of
               | plutocracy
               | 
               | not what I would call "democratisation"
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | > plutocracy
               | 
               | Well, I've said enough about cynicism here so not much
               | else I can offer you. Good luck with that! Didn't realize
               | everybody loved being an employee so much
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | not everyone is capable of starting a business
               | 
               | so, employee or destitute? tough choice
        
               | hn_acc1 wrote:
               | Just curious what area you work in? Python or some kind
               | of web service / Jscript? I'm sure the LLMs are
               | reasonably good for that - or for updating .csv files
               | (you mention spreadsheets).
               | 
               | I write code to drive hardware, in an unusual programming
               | style. The company pays for Augment (which is now based
               | on o4, which is supposed to be really good?!?). It's
               | great at me typing: print_debug( at which point it often
               | guesses right as to which local variables or parameters I
               | want to debug - but not always. And it can often get the
               | loop iteration part correct if I need to, for example,
               | loop through a vector. The couple of times I asked it to
               | write a unit test? Sure, it got a the basic function call
               | / lambda setup correct, but the test itself was useless.
               | And a bunch of times, it brings back code I was
               | experimenting with 3 months ago and never kept /
               | committed, just because I'm at the same spot in the same
               | file..
               | 
               | I do believe that some people are having reasonable
               | outcomes, but it's not "out of the box" - and it's faster
               | for me to write the code I need to write than to try 25
               | different prompt variations.
        
         | mechagodzilla wrote:
         | Interns and new grads have always been a net-negative
         | productivity-wise in my experience, it's just that eventually
         | (after a small number of months/years) they turn into extremely
         | productive more-senior employees. And interns and new grads can
         | use AI too. This feels like asking "Why hire junior programmers
         | now that we have compilers? We don't need people to write
         | boring assembly anymore." If AI was genuinely a big
         | productivity enhancer, we would just convert that into more
         | software/features/optimizations/etc, just like people have been
         | doing with productivity improvements in computers and software
         | for the last 75 years.
        
           | alephnerd wrote:
           | It's a monetary issue at the end of the day.
           | 
           | AI/ML and Offshoring/GCCs are both side effects of the fact
           | that American new grad salaries in tech are now in the
           | $110-140k range.
           | 
           | At $70-80k the math for a new grad works out, but not at
           | almost double that.
           | 
           | Also, going remote first during COVID for extended periods
           | proved that operations can work in a remote first manner, so
           | at that point the argument was made that you can hire top
           | talent at American new grad salaries abroad, and plenty of
           | employees on visas were given the option to take a pay cut
           | and "remigrate" to help start a GCC in their home country or
           | get fired and try to find a job in 60 days around early-mid
           | 2020.
           | 
           | The skills aspect also played a role to a certain extent - by
           | the late 2010s it was getting hard to find new grads who
           | actually understood systems internals and OS/architecture
           | concepts, so a lot of jobs adjacent to those ended up moving
           | abroad to Israel, India, and Eastern Europe where
           | universities still treat CS as engineering instead of an
           | applied math disciple - I don't care if you can prove Dixon's
           | factorization method using induction if you can't tell me how
           | threading works or the rings in the Linux kernel.
           | 
           | The Japan example mentioned above only works because Japanese
           | salaries in Japan have remained extremely low and Japanese is
           | not an extremely mainstream language (making it harder for
           | Japanese firms to offshore en masse - though they have done
           | so in plenty of industries where they used to hold a lead
           | like Battery Chemistry).
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | I just can't agree with this argument at all.
         | 
         | Today, you hire an intern and they need a lot of hand-holding,
         | are often a net tax on the org, and they deliver a modest
         | benefit.
         | 
         | Tomorrow's interns will be accustomed to using AI, will need
         | less hand-holding, will be able to leverage AI to deliver more.
         | Their total impact will be much higher.
         | 
         | The whole "entry level is screwed" view only works if you
         | assume that companies _want_ all of the drawbacks of interns
         | and entry level employees AND there is some finite amount of
         | work to be done, so yeah, they can get those drawbacks more
         | cheaply from AI instead.
         | 
         | But I just don't see it. I would much rather have one entry
         | level employee producing the work of six because they know how
         | to use AI. Everywhere I've worked, from 1-person startup to the
         | biggest tech companies, has had a huge surplus of work to be
         | done. We all talk about ruthless prioritization because of that
         | limit.
         | 
         | So... why exactly is the entry level screwed?
        
           | gerad wrote:
           | They don't have the experience to tell bad AI responses from
           | good ones.
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | True, but this becomes less of an issue as AI improves,
             | right? Which is the 'happier' direction to see a problem
             | moving, as if AI doesn't improve, it threatens the jobs
             | less.
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | > will need less hand-holding, will be able to leverage AI to
           | deliver more
           | 
           | Well, maybe it'll be the other way around: Maybe they'll need
           | more hand-holding since they're used to relying on AI instead
           | of doing things themselves, and when faced with tasks they
           | need to do, they will be less able.
           | 
           | But, eh, what am I even talking about? The _senior_
           | developers in a many companies need a lot of hand-holding
           | that they aren't getting, write bad code, with poor
           | practices, and teach the newbies how to get used to doing
           | that. So that's why the entry-level people are screwed, AI or
           | no.
        
           | chongli wrote:
           | _Tomorrow 's interns will be accustomed to using AI, will
           | need less hand-holding, will be able to leverage AI to
           | deliver more._
           | 
           | Maybe tomorrow's interns will be "AI experts" who need less
           | hand-holding, but the day after that will be kids who used AI
           | throughout elementary school and high school and know nothing
           | at all, deferring to AI on every question, and have zero
           | ability to tell right from wrong among the AI responses.
           | 
           | I tutor a lot of high school students and this is my takeaway
           | over the past few years: AI is absolutely laying waste to
           | human capital. It's completely destroying students' ability
           | to learn on their own. They are not getting an education
           | anymore, they're outsourcing all their homework to the AI.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | I mean, a lot of what you mentioned is an issue around
             | critical thinking (and I'm not sure that's something that
             | can be taught), which has always remained an issue in any
             | job market, and to solve that deskilling via automation (AI
             | or traditional) was used to remediate that gap.
             | 
             | But if you deskill processes, it makes it harder to argue
             | in favor of paying the same premium you did before.
        
         | aloknnikhil wrote:
         | It's not that entry-level jobs / interns are irrelevant. It's
         | more that entry-level has been redefined and it requires
         | significant uplevelling in terms of skills necessary to do a
         | job at that level. That's not necessarily a bad thing. As
         | others have said here, I would be more willing to hand-off more
         | complex tasks to interns / junior engineers because my
         | expectation is they leverage AI to tackle it faster and learn
         | in the process.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | This is where the horrific disloyalty of both companies and
         | employees, comes to bite us in the ass.
         | 
         | The _whole idea_ of interns, is as _training_ positions. They
         | are _supposed_ to be a net negative.
         | 
         | The idea is that they will either remain at the company, after
         | their internship, or move to another company, taking the
         | priorities of their trainers, with them.
         | 
         | But nowadays, with corporate HR, actively doing everything they
         | can to screw over their employees, and employees, being so
         | transient, that they can barely remember the name of their
         | employer, the whole thing is kind of a worthless exercise.
         | 
         | At my old company, we trained Japanese interns. They would
         | often relocate to the US, for 2-year visas, and became very
         | good engineers, upon returning to Japan. It was well worth it.
        
           | FirmwareBurner wrote:
           | _> At my old company, we trained Japanese interns. They would
           | often relocate to the US, for 2-year visas, and became very
           | good engineers,_
           | 
           | Damn, I wish that was me. Having someone mentor you at the
           | beginning of your career instead of having to self learn and
           | fumble your way around never knowing if you're on the right
           | track or not, is massive force multiplier that pays massive
           | dividends over your career. It's like entering the stock
           | market with 1 million $ capital vs 100 $. You're also less
           | likely to build bad habits if nobody with experience teaches
           | you early on.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | Yup. It was a standard part of their HR policy. They are
             | all about long, _long_ -term employment.
             | 
             | They are a marquee company, and get the best of the best,
             | direct from top universities.
             | 
             | Also, no one has less than a Master's, over there.
             | 
             | We got damn good engineers as interns.
        
               | FirmwareBurner wrote:
               | _> Also, no one has less than a Master's, over there._
               | 
               | I feel this is pretty much the norm everywhere in Europe
               | and Asia. No serious engineering company in Germany even
               | looks at your resume it there's no MSc. degree listed,
               | especially since education is mostly free for everyone so
               | not having a degree is seen as a "you problem", but also
               | it leads to degree inflation, where only PhD or post-docs
               | get taken seriously for some high level positions. I
               | don't remember ever seeing a senior manager/CTO without
               | the "Dr." or even "Prof. Dr." title in the top German
               | engineering companies.
               | 
               | I think mostly the US has the concept of the cowboy self
               | taught engineer who dropped out of college to build a
               | trillion dollar empire in his parents garage.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I really think the loss of a mentor/apprentice type of
             | experience is one of those baby-with-the-bath-water type of
             | losses. There are definitely people with the personality
             | types of they know everything and nothing can be learned
             | from others, but for those of us who would much rather
             | learn from those with more experience on the hows and whys
             | of things rather than getting all of those paper cuts
             | ourselves, working with mentors is definitely a much better
             | way to grow.
        
           | geraneum wrote:
           | > horrific disloyalty of both companies and employees
           | 
           | There's no such a thing as loyalty in employer-employee
           | relationships. There's money, there's work and there's
           | [collective] leverage. We need to learn a thing or two from
           | blue collars.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | _> We need to learn a thing or two from blue collars._
             | 
             | A majority of my friends are blue-collar.
             | 
             | You might be surprised.
             | 
             | Unions are adversarial, but the relationships can still be
             | quite warm.
             | 
             | I hear that German and Japanese unions are full-force
             | stakeholders in their corporations, and the relationship is
             | a lot more intricate.
             | 
             | It's like a marriage. There's always elements of
             | control/power play, but the idea is to maximize the
             | benefits.
             | 
             | It can be done. It has been done.
             | 
             | It's just kind of lost, in tech.
        
               | FirmwareBurner wrote:
               | _> It's just kind of lost, in tech._
               | 
               | Because you can't offshore your clogged toilet or broken
               | HVAC issue to someone abroad for cheap on a whim like you
               | can with certain cases in tech.
               | 
               | You're dependent on a trained and licensed local showing
               | up at your door, which gives him actual bargaining power,
               | since he's only competing with the other locals to fix
               | your issue and not with the entire planet in a race to
               | the bottom.
               | 
               | Unionization only works in favor of the workers in the
               | cases when labor needs to be done on-site (since the
               | nation enforces the laws of unions) and can't be easily
               | moved over the internet to another jurisdiction where
               | unions aren't a thing. See the US VFX industry as a
               | brutal example.
               | 
               | There are articles discussing how LA risks becoming the
               | next Detroit with many of the successful blockbusters
               | being produced abroad now due to the obscene costs of
               | production in California.
        
         | Loughla wrote:
         | So what happens when you retire and have no replacement because
         | you didn't invest in entry level humans?
         | 
         | This feels like the ultimate pulling up the ladder after you
         | type of move.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Are you honestly trying to tell us that the code you receive
         | from an AI is not requiring any of your time to review and
         | tweak and is 100% correct every time and ready to deploy into
         | your code base with no changes what so ever? You my friend must
         | be a steely eyed missile man of prompting
        
         | diogolsq wrote:
         | You're right that AI is fast and often more efficient than
         | entry-level humans for certain tasks -- but I'd argue that what
         | you're describing isn't delegation, it's just choosing to do
         | the work yourself via a tool. Implementation costs are lower
         | now, so you decide to do it on your own.
         | 
         | Delegation, properly defined, involves transferring not just
         | the task but the judgment and ownership of its outcome. The
         | perfect delegation is when you delegate to someone because you
         | trust them to make decisions the way you would -- or at least
         | in a way you respect and understand.
         | 
         | You can't fully delegate to AI -- and frankly, you shouldn't.
         | AI requires prompting, interpretation, and post-processing.
         | That's still you doing the thinking. The implementation cost is
         | low, sure, but the decision-making cost still sits with you.
         | That's not delegation; it's assisted execution.
         | 
         | Humans, on the other hand, can be delegated to -- truly.
         | Because over time, they internalize your goals, adapt to your
         | context, and become accountable in a way AI never can.
         | 
         | Many reasons why AI can't fill your shoes:
         | 
         | 1. Shallow context - It lacks awareness of organizational
         | norms, unspoken expectations, or domain-specific nuance that's
         | not in the prompt or is not explicit in the code base.
         | 
         | 2. No skin in the game - AI doesn't have a career, reputation,
         | or consequences. A junior human, once trained and trusted,
         | becomes not only faster but also independently responsible.
         | 
         | Junior and Interns can also use AI tools.
        
           | dasil003 wrote:
           | You said exactly what I came here to say.
           | 
           | Maybe some day AI will truly be able to think and reason in a
           | way that can approximate a human, but we're still very far
           | from that. And even when we do, the accountability problem
           | means trusting AI is a huge risk.
           | 
           | It's true that there are white collar jobs that don't require
           | actual thinking, and those are vulnerable, but that's just
           | the latest progression of computerization/automation that's
           | been happening steadily for the last 70 years already.
           | 
           | It's also true that AI will completely change the nature of
           | software development, meaning that you won't be able to coast
           | just on arcane syntax knowledge the way a lot of programmers
           | have been able to so far. But the fundamental precision of
           | logical thought and mapping it to a desirable human outcome
           | will still be needed, the only change is how you arrive
           | there. This actually benefits young people who are already
           | becoming "AI native" and will be better equipped to leverage
           | AI capabilities to the max.
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | > Why hire an intern or a recent college-grad when they lack
         | both the expertise and experience to do what an AI could
         | probably do?
         | 
         | 1. Because, generally, they don't.
         | 
         | 2. Because an LLM is not a person, it's a chatbot.
         | 
         | 3. "Hire an intern" is that US thing when people work without
         | getting real wages, right?
         | 
         | Grrr :-(
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | I think it's the other way around.
         | 
         | If LLMs continue to become more powerful, hiring more juniors
         | who can use them will be a no-brainer.
        
         | phailhaus wrote:
         | I don't get this because someone has to work with the AI to get
         | the job done. Those are the entry-level roles! The manager
         | who's swamped with work sure as hell isn't going to do it.
        
         | necheffa wrote:
         | > Why hire an intern or a recent college-grad when they lack
         | both the expertise and experience to do what an AI could
         | probably do?
         | 
         | AI can barely provide the code for a simple linked list without
         | dropping NULL pointer dereferences every other line...
         | 
         | Been interviewing new grads all week. I'd take a high
         | performing new grad that can be mentored into the next
         | generation of engineer any day.
         | 
         | If you don't want to do constant hand holding with a "meh"
         | candidate...why would you want to do constant hand holding with
         | AI?
         | 
         | > I often find myself choosing to just use an AI for work I
         | would have delegated to them, because I need it fast and I need
         | it now.
         | 
         | Not sure what you are working on. I would never prioritize
         | speed over quality - but I do work in a public safety context.
         | I'm actually not even sure of the legality of using an AI for
         | design work but we have a company policy that all design
         | analysis must still be signed off on by a human engineer in
         | full as if it were 100% their own.
         | 
         | I certainly won't be signing my name on a document full of AI
         | slop. Now an analysis done by a real human engineer with the
         | aid of AI - sure, I'd walk through the same verification
         | process I'd walk through for a traditional analysis document
         | before signing my name on the cover sheet. And that is
         | something a jr. can bring to me to verify.
        
         | pedalpete wrote:
         | We've been doing the exact opposite for some positions.
         | 
         | I've been interviewing marketing people for the last few months
         | (I have a marketing background from long ago), and the senior
         | people were either way too expensive for our bootstrapped
         | start-up, or not of the caliber we want in the company.
         | 
         | At the same time, there are some amazing recent grads and even
         | interns who can't get jobs.
         | 
         | We've been hiring the younger group, and contracting for a few
         | days a week with the more experienced people.
         | 
         | Combine that with AI, and you've got a powerful combination.
         | That's our theory anyway.
         | 
         | It's worked pretty well with our engineers. We are a team of 4
         | experienced engineers, though as CEO I don't really get to code
         | anymore, and 1 exceptional intern. We've just hired our 2nd
         | intern.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | The real bloodbath will come when coordination between multiple
       | AIs, in a company sense, starts working. Computers have much
       | better I/O than humans. Once a corporate organization can be
       | automated, it will be too fast for humans to participate. There
       | will be no place for slow people.
       | 
       |  _" Move fast and break things"_ - Zuckerberg
       | 
       |  _" A good plan violently executed now is better than a perfect
       | plan executed next week."_ - George S. Patton
        
         | catigula wrote:
         | This doesn't even make sense. What corporations do you think
         | will exist in this world?
         | 
         | You're not going to sell me your SaaS when I can rent AIs to
         | make faster cheaper IP that I actually own to my exact
         | specifications.
        
           | ofjcihen wrote:
           | This is always the indicator I look for whether or not
           | someone actually knows what they're talking about.
           | 
           | If you can't extrapolate on your own thesis you can't be
           | knowledgeable in the field.
           | 
           | Good example was a guy on here who was convinced every
           | company would be ran by one person because of AI. You'd wake
           | up in the morning and decide which products your AI came up
           | with while you slept would be profitable. The obvious next
           | question is "then why are you even involved?"
        
             | catigula wrote:
             | I agree, I was actually leaving the question open-ended
             | because I can't necessarily scale it all the way up, it's
             | too complex. Why would they even rent me AIs when they can
             | just be every company? Who is "they"?
             | 
             | All that needs to be understood is that the narcissistic
             | grandeur delusion that you will singularly be positioned to
             | benefit from sweeping restructuring of how we understand
             | labor must be forcibly divested from some people's brains.
             | 
             | Only a very select few are positioned to benefit from this
             | and even their benefit is only just mostly guaranteed
             | rather than perfectly guaranteed.
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | LLM is going to be used for oppression by every government, not
       | just dictatorships but USA of course
       | 
       | Think of it as an IQ test of how new technology is used
       | 
       | Let me give you an easier example of such a test
       | 
       | Let's say they suddenly develop nearly-free unlimited power, ie.
       | fusion next year
       | 
       | Do you think the world will become more peaceful or much more
       | war?
       | 
       | If you think peaceful, you fail, of course more war, it's all
       | about oppression
       | 
       | It's always about the few controlling the many
       | 
       | The "freedom" you think you feel on a daily basis is an illusion
       | quickly faded
        
       | deadbabe wrote:
       | Something I've come to realize in the software industry is: if
       | you have more smart engineers than the competition, you win.
       | 
       | If you don't snatch up the smartest engineers before your
       | competition does: you lose.
       | 
       | Therefore at a certain level of company, hiring is entirely
       | dictated by what the competition is doing. If everyone is
       | suddenly hiring, you better start doing it too. If no one is, you
       | can relax, but you could also pull ahead if you decide to hire
       | rapidly, but this will tip off competitors and they too will
       | begin hiring.
       | 
       | Whether or not you have any use for those engineers is
       | irrelevant. So AI will have little impact on hiring trends in
       | this market. The downturn we've seen in the past few years is
       | mostly driven by the interest rate environment, not because AI is
       | suddenly replacing engineers. An engineer using AI gives more
       | advantage than removing an engineer, and hiring an engineer who
       | will use AI is more advantageous than not hiring one at all.
       | 
       | AI is just the new excuse for firing or not hiring people,
       | previously it was RTO but that hype cycle has been squeezed for
       | all it can be.
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | Without well paid middle classes, who is buying all the fancy
       | goods and services?
       | 
       | Money is just rationing. If you devalue the economy implicitly
       | you accept that, and the consequences for society at large.
       | 
       | Lenin's dictum: _A capitalist will sell you the rope you hang him
       | with_ Comes to mind
        
       | WaltPurvis wrote:
       | I plugged those two quotes from Amodei into ChatGPT along with
       | this prompt: "Pretend you are highly skeptical about the
       | potential of AI, both in general and in its potential for
       | replacing human workers the way Amodei predicts. Write a quick
       | 800-word takedown of his predictions."
       | 
       | I won't paste in the result here, since everyone here is capable
       | of running this experiment themselves, but trust me when I say
       | ChatGPT produced (in mere seconds, of course) an article every
       | bit as substantive and well-written as the cited article. FWIW.
        
       | trhway wrote:
       | Read on about PLTR in recent days - all these government layoffs
       | with the money redirected toward the Grand Unification Project
       | using PLTR Foundry (with AI) platform.
        
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