[HN Gopher] U.S. sanctions cloud provider 'Funnull' as top sourc...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       U.S. sanctions cloud provider 'Funnull' as top source of 'pig
       butchering' scams
        
       Author : todsacerdoti
       Score  : 165 points
       Date   : 2025-05-30 01:58 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (krebsonsecurity.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (krebsonsecurity.com)
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | This stuff makes me so mad.
       | 
       | I know a friend who told me about a loved one getting scammed.
       | Dude meets some girl from a foreign country online. Next thing
       | you know he thinks she got him into some great cryptocurrency,
       | and nothing anyone can tell him will make him realize he is
       | getting scammed.
       | 
       | Sad stuff.
        
         | AuryGlenz wrote:
         | It happened to my father. I told him he was getting scammed. My
         | mom (divorced) told him. So did my sister. It didn't matter. He
         | lost all of his savings - 300k+. I wish I had taken his phone
         | away, changed his passwords, etc. My mom didn't want me to take
         | drastic action because she was concerned that if he knew how
         | much I knew he wouldn't keep telling her things. It doesn't
         | matter once they've lost everything, of course.
         | 
         | To anyone reading this thinking it wouldn't happen to your
         | parents, don't be so sure. I thought he was smarter than that,
         | and at some point he was, but age dulls things.
         | 
         | He was a construction worker. That money didn't come easily; he
         | ruined his body to get it. I think these scams work in part
         | because it's hard for the rest of us to imagine so many people
         | being so cold-hearted. It's almost inconceivable.
        
           | jerry1979 wrote:
           | This is horrifying. From your perspective, what's the hook
           | that gets a person to hand over the money? Is it to make
           | return on investment, or is it because they think the scammer
           | loves them, or some other reason?
        
             | Centigonal wrote:
             | Usually it's a combination of both. The scammer works their
             | mark for months and develops a deep relationship with the
             | victim ("fattening the pig") before moving to the next
             | phase where they mention how they started making tons of
             | money in crypto, or recently got into financial trouble and
             | need help, or similar ("butchering the pig").
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | I think in his case they simply built up trust, and made it
             | seem incredibly casual. It's hard for me to know exactly
             | because I wasn't super privvy to what was going on, but by
             | the time I talked to him about it he effectively trusted
             | them over me.
             | 
             | It all would have been so clearly a scam to anyone with any
             | internet sense at all it blew my mind he would have been
             | fooled.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | I cannot find the article again, it was posted here a few
             | months ago so maybe someone knows of it but,
             | 
             | A guy intentionally went down the rabbit hole of one of
             | these and wrote about the anatomy of it. In his case it was
             | a young (like 30 something young) woman who graduated at
             | the top of dentistry school in Uzbekistan and got a large
             | grant to start a practice in the UK. Something like that.
             | They talked/flirted for weeks/months, sent pictures, all
             | that. The mark of course lives in the UK and she will need
             | a place to stay while she gets her feet on the ground.
             | 
             | Finally right as she is leaving to come to the UK there is
             | a bureaucratic problem and she needs ~$10k to resolve it
             | quickly before the grant lapses, and she cannot access the
             | grant money for expenses until she is in the UK. Also her
             | bank froze her account because of this mess so she needs to
             | use these alternate means to get the money to her, and she
             | can immediately pay you back upon arrival. You get the
             | idea.
        
               | fennecfoxy wrote:
               | Pretty simple, for women; the promise of companionship,
               | romance, someone to listen to them.
               | 
               | For men; sexy pictures, flirting, promises or chances of
               | physical intimacy.
               | 
               | Older, single or widowed people are especially
               | vulnerable.
        
               | recursivecaveat wrote:
               | I found it again:
               | https://www.bentasker.co.uk/posts/blog/security/seducing-
               | a-r...
        
           | abletonlive wrote:
           | I experienced the same thing in my family. It sucks. I still
           | haven't fully forgiven them (the supposed victim).
           | 
           | As much as I agree it's partially mental decline, it's hard
           | for me to imagine it's not at least also partially a
           | character flaw that would get you into this situation
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | I, tiptoeing here, kind of agree. Am I missing something or
             | do these scams operate on a person's greed?
             | 
             | To be sure, I invest in order to see a return. That's
             | greed, I guess? Or maybe not?
             | 
             | I think having (unrealistic) expectations of doubling your
             | money in anything shorter than ... about a decade ...
             | should be sending up red flags for anyone. "Make money
             | fast" should fire the same neurons as "Put it all on zero
             | and spin".
             | 
             | I had a friend who began to believe he had written code
             | that could play the stock market and rake in the cash on
             | trades (he was testing it on historical data and doing very
             | well). The best way I could try to reel him in was to
             | simply suggest that if it were so easy, everyone would be
             | doing it.
             | 
             | Same goes for _any_ get rich scheme.
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | My dad isn't a gambler. He invested in the stock market,
               | but never anything like options. I've never known him to
               | buy a lottery ticket. He's not greedy.
               | 
               | He is, however, pretty trusting. It took them months to
               | get to the point where he was putting money in. I think
               | he (naively) just trusted them. I wish he would have
               | trusted us instead.
        
               | alexey-salmin wrote:
               | > I think he (naively) just trusted them. I wish he would
               | have trusted us instead.
               | 
               | Probably he trusted people who spent more time talking to
               | him. I don't mean it as an way to blame anyone, I just
               | think it's the way the trust mechanism is wired into the
               | human brain, and this is why these scams work so well.
               | 
               | Ironically this mirrors the parent's frustration of "I
               | wish my kid trusted me and not his dumb-ass friends".
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | No, you're absolutely right. I had the same thought
               | afterwards - but also, we're both introverted and
               | definitely not phone-talkers. I don't really blame myself
               | on that front.
        
               | RainyDayTmrw wrote:
               | That's a common enough take, and I think there's some
               | truth to it, but I think it's overly simplistic. I think
               | there is certainly a motivation that such scams target,
               | but I don't know if "greed" is necessarily the right
               | word. Some of it is not necessarily knowing what is or
               | isn't realistic, given the stories that we hear on the
               | news. Some of it is feeling stuck, and trying to go out
               | on a branch, and picking the wrong one. Not all of these
               | cases are immoral, or at least not the same level of
               | immoral.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | With romance scams it's ego, especially with men. My
               | neighbor needs to beleive that 25 year old blondes taking
               | selfies on yachts are interested in him. Nothing in the
               | universe could convince him otherwise. He would have to
               | change so much of his personality and life to accept who
               | he is or become who he would need to be. It's impossible.
               | I think this is actually a question of thermodynamics at
               | this point.
        
               | jimt1234 wrote:
               | Disagree. I used to work with a guy that got scammed by a
               | girl in Vietnam. They met online. He flew there to meet
               | with her multiple times. He met her "family". They were
               | even intimate. After a few months, she convinced him to
               | invest in some sort of restaurant. He even went with her
               | to talk to "lawyers" (in Vietnam; she never came to the
               | US). Then she took all the money and vanished. I think it
               | was close to six-figures.
               | 
               | He's a reasonably intelligent, humble guy. But he was
               | also the perfect mark. He had just gotten divorced from a
               | 10-year marriage, and he was lonely. So I wouldn't call
               | his situation ego. I would call it loneliness. And I
               | think that's how a lot of people get scammed. Everyone
               | wants to feel loved.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | I should have said it's often* ego. It can be either or
               | both and other factors. I wouldn't rule it out entirely
               | in your case though but you didn't mention the relative
               | attractiveness of the people. I was talking about a 65
               | year old man, out of shape, in debt, poor skills with and
               | understanding of women.
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | Bitcoin has done 4x in some years and 10,000x in a
               | decade. Unfortunately that has led people to believe that
               | crypto is magic. Classic Ponzis and such mostly don't
               | work any more but if you add in crypto suddenly people
               | are willing to buy in.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | Classic Ponzis are still very much around too. The SEC
               | prosecuted a fun one last month
               | (https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2025-71)
               | where they raised $91 million pretending to trade
               | international bonds.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | 100%. That's why I'm so mad when influential people
               | repeat the "crypto is the future of finance" nonsense. It
               | is this uncritical hype that makes so many people
               | vulnerable to crypto scams. Trump is doing it, Blackrock
               | is doing it, it must be the best thing since sliced
               | bread, right? No.
        
               | const_cast wrote:
               | Scams operate on any character flaw, with varying degrees
               | of effort required. They exploit the human mind. They
               | might target greed, or loneliness, or insecurity, or even
               | fear of loss.
               | 
               | But we all have character flaws. Everyone. So we are all
               | vulnerable. Not to the same scams, but to some scams.
        
               | abletonlive wrote:
               | Sure but can you admit some people are more flawed than
               | others? I don't think it's useful to just handwave this
               | away and act like we are all the same.
        
               | multjoy wrote:
               | The difference between a good salesman and a fraudster is
               | intent. This is weaponised grooming.
               | 
               | These scammers don't have code of ethics, they will push
               | whatever emotional button they think will get the result
               | they want. You're conditioned by society to respond to
               | certain patterning, they take advantage of that in full.
        
               | tacon wrote:
               | > The best way I could try to reel him in was to simply
               | suggest that if it were so easy, everyone would be doing
               | it.
               | 
               | Alas, most good entrepreneurial activities violate the
               | efficient market hypothesis. Ditto for many investments.
               | Some people are more alert to opportunities, have better
               | deal flow, etc.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28029044
        
               | creato wrote:
               | Some of these scam victims are duped into trying to help
               | someone they trust with a financial problem. In that
               | case, the victims are being the opposite of greedy. The
               | only character "flaw" I can think of in these cases is
               | being naive/too trusting.
               | 
               | I don't know how common the "savior" victims are vs. the
               | "get rich quick" victims, but they definitely exist, at
               | least according to various mini-documentaries on pig
               | butchering I've watched. Maybe these victims were
               | modifying the story to seem more sympathetic, I can't
               | say.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | Sure, but we all have character flaws. I'm certain if he
             | were 10 years younger it wouldn't have happened to him.
             | There's a reason it's almost always older people that fall
             | for scams like these. We need better ways to protect people
             | of a certain age - my mom looked into it and apart from
             | going to a judge to have them rule to give us complete
             | control over his finances there was nothing we could do.
             | Even an FBI office people could call where they'd call/send
             | someone out convince them to stop would go a really long
             | way.
        
             | dehrmann wrote:
             | > character flaw
             | 
             | It's usually greed. The aphorism isn't entirely true, but
             | you can't cheat an honest man.
        
               | Windchaser wrote:
               | Awww, I don't know that that's true. If by "greed" you
               | mean "it'd be nice to not have to clip coupons before
               | doing my grocery shopping", sure, there are a lot of old
               | people who would like things to be less tight.
               | 
               | But it's not greed in the sense of Ebenezer Scrooge or
               | finance bros. All it takes is some pie-in-the-sky naivete
               | and trusting the wrong person.
        
               | larrled wrote:
               | No, older people aren't greedy. They are insecure about
               | their age and doing things they perceive younger more
               | successful people as doing reduces their existential
               | angst and fear of mortality. Wanting to live and be loved
               | is also not greed. The actual flaw is a society that
               | permits crypto currency, and encourages trade and
               | globalization at any cost. Gotta give all the elderly 5g
               | cell phones and Facebook accounts, and be saddened when
               | millions of Indian scammers reach out and touch someone.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | Disagree. These unprincipled scammers often exploit
               | character flaws, sure, but also exploit positive traits -
               | trust, a desire to help, the desire for love and
               | belonging, or (in the case of cyber trafficking victims
               | that are then forced to scam others) the desire to find a
               | good job to support one's family.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Sorry to hear that. Makes me angry just reading it, I can't
           | imagine how it makes you feel.
           | 
           | I've mentioned before here wondering if there is a name for
           | this phenomenon, it's similar to sunk cost fallacy, but more
           | emotionally charged. Like, the thought of having been scammed
           | makes you put on blinders and keep going hoping you weren't.
           | It doesn't make a ton of sense to me, but it happens all the
           | time, to people of all ages.
           | 
           | This guy was only 53 and fell for the same traps, rather
           | famously -
           | 
           | https://www.cnbc.com/2024/08/21/cryptocurrency-shan-hanes-
           | pi...
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | Oh, I definitely think that's part of it. Nobody wants to
             | be betrayed, or made the fool.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | Perhaps simple denial? If you continue having contact with
             | them after giving them some money but they keep elaborating
             | on how the money helped or satisfied their (scammer's)
             | wishes, the victim may not think they have been scammed.
             | Like "look she's still talking to me every day. We're
             | close. A scammer would have vanished by now"
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | One should not hesitate to attempt to obtain a
           | conservatorship if they can when this happens. It's the only
           | thing that will stop someone from losing it all.
           | Unfortunately, if a court deems them mentally fit, there's
           | nothing to stop them.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | The bar to get that done seemed too high before he lost all
             | of his money. Now that's done there isn't much of a point,
             | apart from protecting his house. My mom is on the deed as
             | well so there shouldn't be too much risk there, though I've
             | tried to convince her to put it into a trust for multiple
             | reasons.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Recommend setting up deed monitoring/property alerts if
               | your local property records/recorder supports it, should
               | notify you if any documents are recorded or transfers
               | attempted without your knowledge against the property.
               | 
               | Sorry for your loss.
        
           | petesergeant wrote:
           | My mother is exceptionally vigilant, which is great, but her
           | partner ... I've never met anyone who gets targeted so much,
           | or who needs it spelling out to him so much that he doesn't
           | really have $2m in a crypto wallet somewhere he forgot about
           | that a helpful person can send him. I think it's a fixed
           | personality trait. If they split up, and doesn't have her
           | watching him like a hawk, I worry he's toast.
        
           | throwaway912312 wrote:
           | I hear you. Same with my dad. Found out after he gave his old
           | phone to my mom without logging out. Tried to show him he was
           | falling for MS-clipart certificates and
           | bossofbigbank@gmail.com but to no avail.
           | 
           | After tracing 250k wired in just 6 months, we detangled my
           | mom out of potential liability and reported him. He was put
           | into financial stewardship (= personal finances done by an
           | attorney). He appealed and the court ruled he seems normal,
           | so he could also be in charge of his finances with only a
           | monthly checkup. We still had his email access. He contacted
           | his scammers the day after promising more money soon...
           | 
           | Fast forward to today, he's broke, likley evicted from his
           | auctioned off appartment in a couple of months at age 79 and
           | dividing his pension between wiring it to scammers and eating
           | just enough to stay alive. Lost all his friends (many
           | borrowed him money), doesn't see his wife or grandkids grow
           | up. The opposite of a happy end.
           | 
           | If you find yourself in such a situation: - I received a lot
           | of valueable advice from the local anonymous addiction
           | hotline (how to react, where to seek help). Best call you can
           | make. - In Switzerland, the KESB (govt authority for
           | protection of elderly and children) can help you. They had a
           | neurological assessment made and a court put him financial
           | stewardship. It would have saved him from himself if not for
           | his appeal. - Think ahead and have one person act as "bad
           | guy" - everything I tried was in consensus with the whole
           | family, but I played bad guy. Of course my dad broke with me,
           | but he keeps sporadic contact with everyone else - his only
           | social contacts - priceless.
           | 
           | I see legislation improve hereabouts - my bank (in France)
           | now requires to watch a screen for 3 seconds and confirm
           | you're sure to wire X to Y and you are sure Y is Y before
           | oking a transaction. Far from enough. We infortunately won't
           | convince our dads that they are getting scammed, but better
           | consumer (and boomer) protection is something we can lobby
           | and vote for.
        
             | FabHK wrote:
             | Sorry to hear. Heartbreaking. I truly don't understand why
             | we as a society give these scammers (a $500bn a year
             | industry, according to The Economist) better tools for
             | their trade, crypto, with virtually no other use cases.
        
           | crossroadsguy wrote:
           | I think in a world where slitting someone's throat for few
           | thousand dollars (in some countries for few hundreds to just
           | few) isn't unheard of, I don't know in what way people would
           | find such scams inconceivable. I think the reason squarely is
           | people being naive, or stupid, greedy, desperate (for love,
           | better X times returns etc) etc - or a combination of these.
           | And yes, they are victims, yes.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | Keep in mind some of us still grow up in places where we
             | can leave our cars/homes unlocked. Obviously extending that
             | feeling to the entire world is naive, but it's also pretty
             | understandable for our now elderly population..
        
         | sagarpatil wrote:
         | The worst part is, these scams flourish during bull markets,
         | like now, when alts start shooting up 10-20% everyday. Stay
         | safe.
        
         | strogonoff wrote:
         | Pig butchering gets additionally horrible when you consider the
         | other side. People who actually handle the chatting are kept in
         | inhuman conditions and physically cannot leave. Laundered
         | profits go to criminal bosses at the top (corrupting various
         | local governments, given they constitute a significant
         | percentage of their economies at this point).
         | 
         | See _Number Go Up_ by Zeke Faux for a glimpse into that (and
         | how cryptocurrency, in particular stablecoins, in particular
         | Tether, facilitate it). True, much of book is largely about the
         | weird cryptobro culture and FTX collapse, but research into pig
         | butchering and personal travel to scam compounds was the most
         | visceral part for me.
        
           | hamandcheese wrote:
           | > People who actually handle the chatting are kept in inhuman
           | conditions and physically cannot leave.
           | 
           | I think there might be a word for this.
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | But I was informed that ended in 1865.
        
               | tbrownaw wrote:
               | The world's a big place.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | On a more serious note, you might want to be aware that
               | slavery is still legal in the US as a punishment for
               | crime. For further reading, you might be interested in
               | the prison industrial complex.
        
               | fennecfoxy wrote:
               | And that's why the term is "modern slavery".
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | i think the degree to which this is fully true is overstated
           | from when i've looked into it. a lot of it is not the best
           | working environments, but people are still scamming people
           | for pay and are largely not forced to do so.
        
             | strogonoff wrote:
             | The difference here is that Zeke wrote a book chok full of
             | sources (a significant chunk of the book in the end is
             | basically pages of references), while you so far supplied
             | none.
             | 
             | While I don't know anyone personally, a local semi-famous
             | person was abducted in Thailand and sent to one of these
             | compounds (except in Myanmar). He was rescued by a combined
             | rescue mission of his country's and Thai governments. This
             | made big news a few months back, and resulted in a drastic
             | reduction in Asian tourist travel to Thailand (which itself
             | doesn't run these compounds, but is a big destination for
             | tourism), so much so that Thai government was (maybe still
             | is) in panic mode because of it.
             | 
             | Remember how Thailand tried to enact measures even
             | _technically abroad_ , like cutting off electricity and
             | Internet connections (and how these compounds are
             | controversially using Starlink now)? This was all posted on
             | this site in the year leading up to today, and the reason
             | for it is that pig butchering related abductions driven by
             | crime nearby states made it unsafe for most Asian-looking
             | people to travel to Thailand. Does it create an impression
             | of voluntary labour in your mind?
             | 
             | Perhaps in near term LLMs will allow them to reduce
             | headcount so much that the bosses become willing to pay and
             | less inclined to keep them captive, but so far claims that
             | it's all mostly voluntary labour just don't compute with
             | available evidence.
        
               | strogonoff wrote:
               | (For the sake of completeness, I should add that
               | Thailand's crackdown could potentially be motivated not
               | only by tourism revenue but also by the pressure from the
               | government of PRC, which in turn could be motivated not
               | only by its poorer citizens being among those kidnapped
               | but also by its richer citizens being a target of pig
               | butchering scams. Still, I don't know how common the
               | latter is--from my observations, in Western cultures
               | people are more inclined to trust strangers compared to
               | Chinese cultures--and in any case this does not make the
               | well-documented kidnappings and forced labour less real.)
        
             | SOLAR_FIELDS wrote:
             | Various stories from people who have been on the other side
             | of this tend to concur. I unfortunately cannot find the
             | story, but a Pakistani call center scam artist who was
             | hired by one of these crime syndicates went on record
             | recently talking about the experience (I think it was in a
             | podcast) and he said that he was recruited into a well
             | paid, well organized machine and the workers themselves
             | were treated well. He painted a picture of a hyper-
             | competitive Glengarry Glen Ross-esque environment with
             | leaderboards and the like, where people fought over and
             | protected their "leads" (marks). The only struggle for him
             | was not the working conditions, but rather with the moral
             | aspects when he realized what he was doing.
             | 
             | Usually, as you would expect, the employees don't really
             | realize until after they are recruited in what they are
             | doing, and oftentimes the money and job is cushy enough
             | they are willing to set aside their morals to do it.
        
           | xsmasher wrote:
           | Since hearing this I have stopped insulting or berating them.
           | I just reply "Kill your masters, you outnumber them" and then
           | block.
        
         | merek wrote:
         | I'm a big fan of YouTube anti-scammer vigilantes. They bait
         | scammers, expose their tactics, humorously waste their time, or
         | even manage a counter attack.
         | 
         | I believe these guys can be a big part of the solution. YouTube
         | creates a financial incentive for individuals to go down this
         | route, and apart from being entertaining to viewers, it
         | broadens awareness of scammer tactics, which hopefully means
         | more people detect scams early.
         | 
         | I wish these guys success and hope to see more anti-scam
         | YouTubers appear.
         | 
         | Examples:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/@NanoBaiter
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/@KitbogaShow
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | > _YouTube creates a financial incentive for individuals to
           | go down this route_
           | 
           | No, YouTube creates a financial incentive for individuals to
           | _produce videos_ where they _seem_ to do this. The problem of
           | this is obvious, and if, as you hope, more of this content
           | appears, there will not be enough people to check them all
           | and keep them honest.
        
       | billyhoffman wrote:
       | Oh snap! The same group behind last year's Polyfill.io supply
       | chain attack are back!
       | 
       | Krebs doesn't mention it but The Register makes the connection;
       | 
       | https://www.theregister.com/2025/05/30/fbi_treasury_funnull_...
       | 
       | I mean there name is literally "Funnull". They know exactly what
       | they're doing.
        
       | mmooss wrote:
       | Don't fall into the trap: Government penalizing private parties
       | without due process can be appealing when it's a private party
       | you don't like, but even those people deserve due process -
       | that's the point, everyone does. Also it's arbitrary, unchecked
       | power that is used for corrupt purposes, and by supporting it in
       | a situation where you like to see it, you are legitimizing that
       | power in every case.
       | 
       | Edit: It's tough to give due processs to foreign individuals,
       | especially those who don't want to be found. But there are many
       | ways, including via their own government, or via the fact that
       | American company resources are used for these crimes - everyone
       | in the US connects through an ISP operating on US soil.
        
         | tw04 wrote:
         | Can you cite where in the US code of law a foreign criminal is
         | afforded due process in a sanction action?
        
           | robcohen wrote:
           | KindHearts for Charitable Humanitarian Development v.
           | Geithner and Al Haramain Islamic Foundation v. U.S.
           | Department of the Treasury
        
             | duskwuff wrote:
             | Those are names of cases, not laws.
        
               | paulryanrogers wrote:
               | Precedent fills out the finer points in how laws apply,
               | or don't.
        
               | ksenzee wrote:
               | Perhaps you're not familiar with the common law system
               | and its reliance on case law?
        
             | mbrubeck wrote:
             | In both of those cases the designated entity was
             | incorporated in the US (KindHearts in Ohio, AHIF-Oregon in
             | Oregon).
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | I didn't say it was illegal.
        
           | orbital-decay wrote:
           | That's more of a problem with the US code of law than with
           | the point GP is making.
        
             | tw04 wrote:
             | I have 0 issues with the US sanctioning criminal
             | organizations that are defrauding Americans. It's not a
             | slippery slope, it's common sense which is why literally
             | nobody is trying to defend the perpetrator in a court of
             | law.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | I'm sure the folks running that scam center or the cloud
         | service provider can afford to hire attorneys and argue their
         | case.
        
         | resist_futility wrote:
         | Evidence of active harm, if they were in the US they would have
         | been raided. They get sanctioned and can sue instead.
        
         | MrMorden wrote:
         | The process is that they need to be designated by specified
         | cabinet members based on published criteria. If Funnull believe
         | that they weren't lawfully designated (e.g., because they're
         | actually in Peoria or whatever), they can hire a lawyer and
         | sue.
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
         | "These French resistance fighters can't shoot the German
         | soldier -- what about due process?"
        
         | lesuorac wrote:
         | Seems like some process was followed here to me.
         | 
         | FBI investigated a bunch of scams and found somebody assisted
         | scammers. It's not like they pulled a name out of a hat and
         | sanctioned them.
        
           | jaoane wrote:
           | Where's the judge in all of this?
        
             | lesuorac wrote:
             | Due process just means following pre-written law. ex.
             | There's no judge involved when a cop shows up to a fight
             | and arrests both people.
             | 
             | It's the same law [1] that everybody is talking about
             | w.r.t. Trump's Tariffs except that global trade isn't
             | emergent while Funnull is a new actor.
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/DCPD-201600880/pdf
             | /DCPD-...
        
               | jaoane wrote:
               | They arrest people to put them in front of a judge. This
               | is nothing like that.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | I'm sure the treasury department would love for the guy
               | to appear in front of a judge.
               | 
               | However, he's also welcome to email an appeal [1].
               | 
               | Note: This is a civil penalty. Much like a traffic ticket
               | and does not require a judge.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | You won't necessarily show up in front of a judge if you
               | get arrested. You may get released with no charges. You
               | might also not get court time until a year+ from now
               | inwhich case you'll probably plead guilty to time served
               | regardless of the crime since it lets you out now.
               | 
               | Due process does not mean "judge approved". It just means
               | consistent with written law.
               | 
               | [1]: https://ofac.treasury.gov/specially-designated-
               | nationals-lis...
        
         | lordfrito wrote:
         | While we're at it, we should also tax all foreigners living
         | abroad. All this due process stuff is expensive.
        
         | HamsterDan wrote:
         | They are a foreign company. They have no due process rights. We
         | could hit their data center with a cruise missile tomorrow and
         | it would be perfectly legal.
        
       | est wrote:
       | From a glimps of Funnull website it looks like an anti-DDoS
       | provider.
       | 
       | Many of the less-known providers are doing shady business, they
       | provide shield for cracked MMORPG servers in the 00s, the most
       | infamous one was "Legend of Mir" and was quite popular in East
       | Asia underground market especially those Internet pubs.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | It's a known malicious actor.
         | 
         | https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/polyfillio-ja...
        
       | naet wrote:
       | Cryptocurrency enables a big part of this. Not saying that there
       | weren't any wire scams before crypto, but crypto has made it
       | _much_ easier for average people to make anonymous international
       | money transfers that can 't be reversed.
       | 
       | Not to start a big argument, but to my eyes the main usecases of
       | cryptocurrency are to bet on them as a speculative asset or to
       | use them for various forms of crime. Someone will probably tell
       | me about some theoretical situation where it is a positive force,
       | but I still think those are by far the two most common daily
       | uses.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | i bet heavily using crypto against AI progress on coding to
         | hedge my career
        
           | gavagai691 wrote:
           | Is your job developing AI coding tools?
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | no, but i do work in ML - i think there are two channels
             | through which this derisking makes sense, but people on
             | here get aggressive if you mention the other one.
        
           | dantillberg wrote:
           | How is crypto relevant to betting?
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | because it gives you access to binary options markets with
             | deep liquidity that you can't get access to in any other
             | way. i guess it counts under various forms of crime because
             | we criminalize offering useful financial instruments
        
         | alexey-salmin wrote:
         | Whether you see international money transfers outside of the
         | government control as a positive or negative force largely
         | depends on how much you trust your government. How much it
         | should limit things for your own safety?
         | 
         | I suspect that for majority of the earth population the trust
         | level is rather low, even though in some countries it could be
         | different.
        
           | os2warpman wrote:
           | If I had to throw out a number describing how many more times
           | I trust the FDIC than I trust some cryptobro, the first thing
           | that comes to mind is "ten billion".
           | 
           | And my trust in the current administration is rather low.
        
             | homebrewer wrote:
             | Well, they're pretty comparable in many parts of the world
             | (and I despise cryptocurrency, btw). Despite what you might
             | think, the current US administration is far from the worst
             | compared to what some of us live under. Americans simply
             | lack a proper "zero point" to be able to properly gauge
             | this.
             | 
             | I place exactly zero trust in what our administration says,
             | because they've lied about the country's economic situation
             | and what they're planning to do about it four times during
             | my lifetime, and several more times during our parents'
             | lifetimes. Our savings were cut in half (or more) several
             | times because of this, and so much of it was lost, the
             | total amount of time wasted working for effectively free is
             | in the decades now.
             | 
             | There's really no reliable way of saving money long-term
             | here, unless you scrounge enough to buy real estate or
             | something else that is unlikely to be devalued to 30% of
             | its original value with a stroke of a pen.
             | 
             | I can imagine why some people would resort to
             | cryptocurrency and extracting money out of the country
             | asap.
        
               | palmfacehn wrote:
               | These are all good points. Like others here, I will
               | preemptively state my dislike of the political classes.
               | 
               | Perhaps if financial regulations were not so onerous,
               | traditional payment processors like PayPal would be able
               | to handle more types of transactions with a lower
               | overhead. As it is, the large number of prohibited
               | categories creates a demand for cryptocurrency. As you
               | noted, inflationary monetary policy is another source of
               | discontent. Perhaps if central bankers had exercised a
               | bit more restraint, there would be less demand for
               | cryptocurrency. The same can be said for capital controls
               | and more...
               | 
               | So there is a bit of irony when posters appeal for even
               | heavier regulations and prohibitions. These are the
               | forces which have created demand for wholly unregulated
               | markets. It shouldn't be hard to see how these
               | overreaches have created a counterbalancing force.
               | Tragically, these overreaches generate a safe-haven for
               | additional bad actors.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | Well, that only works until bank accounts of somebody
             | disloyal become frozen.
             | 
             | And if you compare chances of that with chances of being
             | deported to El Salvador prison... Well let's say frozen
             | bank accounts doesn't sound that impossible.
        
             | alexey-salmin wrote:
             | Sure. But not everyone in the world shares the same FDIC
             | with you.
             | 
             | To complicate things further, international transfers
             | require cooperation not only between the sending and
             | receiving states but also from states that control the
             | transfer system. Any hiccup along the way and you may lose
             | your money, sometimes forever (true story).
             | 
             | > And my trust in the current administration is rather low.
             | 
             | Again, I'm not sure you realize what the "low trust into
             | the government" means for the rest of the world.
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | For the majority of the earth population, this is not a
           | concern. Yes, things may get fuzzy around an inflection
           | point, but for most people, their concerns fall way short of
           | that.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | lots of people live in countries with severe governance
             | problems and a bad monetary regime.
        
         | tbrownaw wrote:
         | > _main usecases of cryptocurrency are to bet on them as a
         | speculative asset or to use them for various forms of crime.
         | Someone will probably tell me about some theoretical situation
         | where it is a positive force_
         | 
         | When you don't agree with the laws that are being broken in a
         | particular case.
        
           | porridgeraisin wrote:
           | So if 57% in a country agree with a law, the remaining 43%
           | should be allowed to circumvent that law through these means?
           | 
           | Of course, the opposite argument is "what about north korea",
           | but it's a package deal is my point.
        
             | johngladtj wrote:
             | Generally speaking you shouldn't be able to impose your
             | will on others
        
             | naming_the_user wrote:
             | Pretty much, yeah.
             | 
             | If almost half of the population disagree with something
             | then it's probably a stupid restriction to begin with.
        
         | anovikov wrote:
         | Reason of most scams is the absurd level of trust existing in
         | Western countries.
         | 
         | When i first saw Upwork where hours were paid by the tracker in
         | a guaranteed manner and people SIGNED for it, i knew West was
         | doomed. I still find it hard to believe people can be that easy
         | to dupe.
         | 
         | Level of trust in the Western societies needs to be radically
         | reduced through government propaganda, church and other
         | channels. The world has become global. Westerners are now a
         | small minority in an ocean of people where the manner of
         | relationship that will be seen as sociopathic in the West, is
         | the everyday norm and always have been. If they won't adapt,
         | they will cease to exist. The cozy world where one could trust
         | another because they all shared fear of God and had a
         | reputation to lose, is gone.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | A high trust society is actually a good trait, not a bad one.
           | It's rather easy, lazy even, for a culture to devolve into a
           | low trust minima. That's basically the default state that
           | people have endeavoured to evolve out of.
           | 
           | I think it's also the kind of thing that can easily overwhelm
           | anxious minds. The kind where "what if it's a scam?" leads
           | them to never taking a risk, donating to a cause, doing
           | someone a favour.
           | 
           | Not that there isn't a fight to be fought here. But waving
           | the surrender flag on fostering a trusting society is a very
           | weak move.
        
             | WillPostForFood wrote:
             | "A high trust society is actually a good trait, not a bad
             | one."
             | 
             | 100% agree, and seeing it erode is painful (e.g.,
             | toothpaste now locked behind plexiglass).
             | 
             | But to steelman the parents point, while it is be good to
             | be high trust society, that society may be poorly adapted
             | when rapidly integrated into a low trust globalized world.
        
           | homebrewer wrote:
           | There's little societal trust in e.g. Russia, and yet they're
           | getting massively scammed by Ukrainian call centers every
           | day. People selling their only housing, sending all their
           | savings for "safekeeping" overseas, are daily news. Not just
           | old ladies (but them too), but also middle-aged intellectuals
           | who were supposed to know better.
           | 
           | It's all using the same schemes that have been explained in
           | the news over and over again, there's little innovation on
           | that front. You have to be living under a rock the for past
           | few years to fall for them, and yet people do. I think
           | there's simply a certain amount of marks in every society,
           | regardless of how its members trust each other, and the only
           | reliable way of protecting them is managing everybody's lives
           | DPRK-style.
        
             | anovikov wrote:
             | I think the only reason of why it works is that Ukrainians
             | are an even lower trust culture, and they are better and
             | more cynical at duping people. Plus, in Ukraine many people
             | see it as their patriotic duty, and perhaps rightfully so,
             | so these kind of jobs are likely to attract quite
             | sophisticated people who will be able to pull off very
             | believable scams, not some social rejects or worse, forced
             | labor sitting in Myanmar jungle, as it is in Asia vs USA
             | scams.
        
           | aziaziazi wrote:
           | The cost world you describe didn't emerge because of fear of
           | god (which has been prevalent for milleniums, mostly
           | everywhere) but the abondance of cheap energy and goods,
           | basically since oil starts getting processed but other minor
           | factors helped too. Democracy and peace emerges when peoples
           | aren't scared to miss food anymore.
        
             | WillPostForFood wrote:
             | In the US food is plentiful. Poor people die of obesity
             | related illness. But trust is plummeting because of a
             | decline in social cohesion. Building a high trust society
             | is hard, and there is no monocausal solution. You can't
             | plug in god, or food, into a low trust society to flip it
             | to high trust.
        
               | TimorousBestie wrote:
               | Food is plentiful here, but unevenly distributed.
               | Childhood hunger is still a serious problem.
               | 
               | https://www.axios.com/2025/05/14/childhood-hunger-food-
               | insec...
               | 
               | During the initial pandemic, great strides were made in
               | the United States to mitigate childhood poverty, but
               | these measures were quickly overturned. Now the
               | administration wants to defund SNAP and other food
               | security programs. Alas.
        
           | N_Lens wrote:
           | Trust is necessary for social development & advancement, and
           | low trust countries & societies are also low on the
           | development index. The development of advanced economies is
           | predicate on the "absurd level of trust" in western
           | countries.
        
           | mola wrote:
           | Classic Russian thinking that the only motivating force is
           | fear. No wonder you get stuck with homicidal tyrants ruling
           | over you time after time.
        
           | derbOac wrote:
           | I think the underlying concept you're looking for is
           | corruption versus rule of law. Blaming the victim versus
           | expecting consequences for the perpetrator etc.
        
         | kalaksi wrote:
         | The banks here have said that if you get scammed and money has
         | been transferred (no cryptocurrency involved), there's nothing
         | they can do. It was a bit surprising to hear since you only
         | hear cryptocurrency transactions being irreversible.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Banks aren't perfect, but they also aren't anonymous.
           | 
           | If you feel wronged, you can take appropriate legal recourse.
           | 
           | Crypto offers no such thing.
        
             | whatsupdog wrote:
             | Good luck taking legal action against an off shore entity,
             | especially when the legal fees is more than the money
             | transferred, and the money most likely moved to three
             | different accounts in as many countries from that first off
             | shore account.
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | You're right that you don't have guaranteed recourse for
               | foreign fraud. But at least the banks play whack-a-mole
               | and make it somewhat expensive for criminals to set up
               | accounts; crypto undoubtedly makes money laundering
               | substantially easier and cheaper.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | Banks are good if you live in a functional democratic
             | country with sane politics.
             | 
             | If you don't then you'll easily get the bad side of it
             | since abusing the power is not that hard.
        
             | TechDebtDevin wrote:
             | How is paypal / venmo / cashapp different?
        
               | veidr wrote:
               | you can sue them
               | 
               | modulo all the ToS / arbitration clauses, that is still
               | the fundamental difference
               | 
               | and although not a recourse available to most people,
               | still not nothing
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | KYC
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | The difference is, crypto makes irreversibility a fundamental
           | part of the system, making it impossible for any party to
           | unilaterally reverse a payment without having to first take
           | over the entire chain. With regular fiat money and banks,
           | such reversals are perfectly possible on a technical level.
           | The banks are usually unwilling to do them, and an individual
           | may not be able to force them to in practice, but it's still
           | _possible_ in a way it 's not possible with crypto.
        
             | lesuorac wrote:
             | > The banks are usually unwilling to do them, and an
             | individual may not be able to force them to in practice,
             | but it's still possible in a way it's not possible with
             | crypto.
             | 
             | Generally they're unwilling to do that because it involves
             | losing money for them.
             | 
             | Transfers work in a multi-step process to ensure money
             | isn't created.
             | 
             | You tell Bank A to transfer money to person X at Bank B.
             | 
             | Bank A tells an intermediary bank C to move funds from Bank
             | A's account to Bank B's account. (This step is unnecessary
             | if either A or B are large enough to be an intermediary)
             | 
             | Bank C lets Bank B know that it's gained funds
             | 
             | Bank B moves funds internally from Bank C to customer X.
             | 
             | If you want your money back and Bank C says it's already
             | been withdrawn then somebody in A,B,C is going to take a
             | loss. Personally I think we should have an easy way to pay
             | in a 7d settlement or something. Who really cares if
             | somebody sends a 7d settlement when buying a house as long
             | as its done 7d before closing.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Right. Still, the whole thing is plugged into society at
               | large, including court system, so ultimately the courts
               | have the power to force anyone in the chain to give money
               | back and eat the loss or argue to take it from elsewhere.
               | 
               | To the unending dismay of crypto fans, the same _is_ true
               | about cryptocurrency - but its design fundamentally gives
               | the law less leverage and actual points an intervention
               | could be made. That, plus the whole thing is very new.
               | But that 's just a transient state; this kind of
               | immutability is not compatible with society or real life,
               | so the only cryptocurrency-based systems that'll survive
               | long term will be the ones that give up on the whole
               | cryptoanarchy thing.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | If Bank C is forced to take the loss, it'll be more
               | careful in opening accounts for scammers to withdraw
               | money. If Bank C is in a country that doesn't care to
               | enforce such losses, then Bank B (or A if A is big
               | enough) will think twice about deciding to do business
               | with Bank B. Moving the cost of the scams onto the banks
               | will strongly incentivize them to prevent the scams.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | > Moving the cost of the scams onto the banks will
               | strongly incentivize them to prevent the scams.
               | 
               | And then less people have bank accounts.
               | 
               | The scammer isn't necessarily the person with the final
               | bank account. Its often somebody who was told they're
               | managing payroll for some made-up company and they're
               | going to get a 2k transfer and to keep 500 of it and
               | withdrawal 1.5k of it as cash to do payroll.
               | 
               | While you may think that now only people who aren't
               | scammers won't get bank accounts what actually is
               | happening is that anybody that can be fooled doesn't get
               | one.
               | 
               | https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/optimal-amount-of-
               | fra...
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | Doesn't that already happen? I've read stories from
               | people in the US who are fooled, and as such, are marked
               | as high risk and have their accounts closed. The rate it
               | happens might be greater, but the total increase in harm
               | from fewer people having bank accounts due to risk of
               | scams might be less than the harm reduced by fewer people
               | getting scammed. If scams are reduced enough, the number
               | of people having bank accounts might go up because less
               | people are losing them after being scammed.
        
               | jlarocco wrote:
               | There's some kind of circular reasoning going on here.
               | 
               | Banks _are_ more careful, and that 's why they don't deal
               | with certain kinds of transactions. And that's where
               | crypto comes in to "disrupt banks" and "democratize
               | finance".
               | 
               | Long term, crypto will be no different than regular
               | currency and finance because people don't like getting
               | ripped off and defrauded. We'll have a period of time
               | with people pulling old scams but with crypto, and
               | eventually it'll be regulated just like normal finance.
        
               | FabHK wrote:
               | The problem is that crypto is designed to evade
               | regulation. You can put lipstick on a pig and regulate
               | the centralized intermediaries (which, remember, crypto
               | aimed to disintermediate): exchanges, custodians, ETF
               | providers, ...
               | 
               | The dilemma is that you can either escape those
               | regulations by going to unhosted wallets (self-custody)
               | and transacting on the blockchain, or you keep everything
               | (by regulation) entirely within the regulated
               | intermediaries, but then there's no need to waste 1% of
               | world electricity on some slow "decentralized" database.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | But you know who customer X is and if he obtained the
               | money fraudulently then the bank (or police, courts, etc)
               | can go after him to recover it. It might not happen but
               | it's possible.
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Same statement could be said about you no?
               | 
               | You're the one that was defrauded. The bank processed the
               | transfer exactly as you told them to. So therefore, if
               | person X isn't providing the service you expected then
               | you should have to go to the courts to get it back?
               | 
               | The general problem is that it takes a lot of leg work.
               | Often Customer X was being defrauded through some payroll
               | scam (they take out ~500 and forward the remaining 1500).
               | So now you have to recover $500 from them and then trace
               | the 1500 again. Possibly through multiple countries and
               | their courts (who may see this as beneficial for their
               | country; jury nullification goes both ways).
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Correct, but there are possibilities and established
               | processes (however unlikely or inconvenient) to get the
               | money back.
        
             | iwontberude wrote:
             | Stellar XLM has reversibility but no one seemed interested
             | in that
        
             | johtso wrote:
             | This seems like the correct way to go though.. if you want
             | reversibility, then introduce escrow into the situation,
             | the foundational building block should be irreversible.. as
             | there's no way to make a means of transfer _more_
             | irreversible if you're inherently giving control to a 3rd
             | party with no choice.
        
               | kalaksi wrote:
               | I agree. Smart contracts or other functionality
               | integrated into wallets could also improve usability e.g.
               | regarding irreversibility and user mistakes. Base layer
               | doesn't have to be the final way to use cryptocurrencies
               | and it isn't.
        
               | fuddy wrote:
               | This just bring in new problems like people thinking they
               | got paid but there being a refund trick.. This happens in
               | the traditional system too, but at least when it exhibits
               | total indifference to an account serving no purpose
               | besides refund scams it is violating KYC principles
               | instead of running as expected.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Why?
               | 
               | Irreversible transactions are not desired by anyone in
               | payment networks. Consumers don't want to get scammed out
               | of money. Merchants want customers to feel like
               | transactions are low risk so they are more willing to
               | make them. That's a big reason why merchants put up with
               | the outright hostile to them system of chargebacks. Sure,
               | you will lose some money to chargebacks you might think
               | were not valid, but you have made much more than that
               | back from liberalized spending habits.
               | 
               | Nobody benefits from irreversible transactions except
               | fraudsters and other bad actors. And they benefit soooo
               | much from transactions being irreversible. Why would you
               | build and advocate for a system that explicitly empowers
               | bad actors over anyone else?
               | 
               | An escrow is not a solution. The escrow itself could be a
               | bad actor.
        
               | ty6853 wrote:
               | I've intentionally used irreversible crypto payments to a
               | merchant that is an an industry with high chargebacks. It
               | is highly useful in transactions where the merchant is
               | highly trusted but the buyers tend to be weasels. Such
               | merchants tend to charge high premiums for reversible
               | payment methods.
               | 
               | In such cases it is win-win for both the merchant and
               | customer, the customer doesn't have to foot the
               | reversibility overhead and the merchant is able to offer
               | goods at the same profit margins but lower price which
               | should yield more sales.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | That just kicks the can of trust to the entity performing
               | the escrow, and there have been many, _many_ cases of fly
               | by night escrow companies (or companies _pretending_ to
               | be escrow companies) who just take the money and run.
               | 
               | So introducing another third party to trust makes it more
               | complicated than the alternative of allowing transactions
               | to be reversable.
        
               | ty6853 wrote:
               | Banking reversibility is also kicking the can to a
               | trusted third party.
               | 
               | Several years ago my credit card was stolen. I contacted
               | my bank, who then accused my wife of cheating on me in
               | another state (I know this didn't happen because there is
               | no way she left 1000 miles away for several days multiple
               | times between me seeing her, unless she has a hidden
               | personal jet). By 'lying' about it being a fraudster
               | instead of my wife who 'had cheated on me' the bank then
               | accused me of bank fraud.
               | 
               | The bank then obtained fraudulent invoices, which were
               | used to 'prove' I owed the money. They just buried me in
               | false paperwork to the point I could never win. When the
               | bank was done with all that, they closed my regular
               | checking account too, because they had now flagged me as
               | a criminal.
               | 
               | I will take anyday, an 'irreversible' crypto account over
               | a banking system where they just close my other accounts
               | because they think one was fraudulent because I was
               | defrauded.
        
               | hananova wrote:
               | The thing is, crypto IS reversible, and has been reversed
               | in the past. The people affected just need to be rich
               | and/or powerful enough. And you and I are not in that
               | club.
        
             | smeej wrote:
             | This was mostly true of v.1 cryptocurrencies, but it's not
             | like it's inherent to the system. It's just as easy to
             | design cryptocurrencies where there _are_ control
             | mechanisms, governed however you 'd like them to be. USDC,
             | for example, can be frozen in any wallet at any time, and
             | has still become hugely popular.
             | 
             | IF reversibility is a desired feature of digital
             | currencies, the market will bear that out. People can and
             | will choose those currencies.
             | 
             | As with any "feature," there are tradeoffs, and it might
             | well be that people en masse decide they would rather
             | everyone control their own money than have central powers
             | supervising, just as it might well be that people opt back
             | into a system very much like the one that exists today, but
             | with new efficiencies.
             | 
             | Adding programmability to money in the digital age was
             | necessary. I don't know why anybody is surprised it hasn't
             | reached some sort of final, settled state this early in the
             | digital age. It basically only came into practical
             | existence after the launch of smartphones and ubiquitous
             | internet access. Give it a minute.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | USDC is only popular because it can be easily used to
               | evade taxes while retaining its value
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | How do you reverse yourself mailing $1000 USD cash to some
             | scam outfit?
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | I meant electronic payments specifically; my error in
               | using terms that implied cash also counts.
               | 
               | Obviously, you can't just reverse a cash transaction.
               | It's one of the reasons people try to avoid using it in
               | many situations.
        
             | abdullahkhalids wrote:
             | Reversing stolen crypto transactions in practice is done
             | the same way you reverse stolen cash transactions.
             | 
             | You find the criminal, and the cash and give back the cash
             | to the wronged party. With cash, the criminal can hide the
             | cash in some random location, and nobody can say if they
             | spent it or they lost it. With crypto, everyone knows where
             | the money is. You just have to figure out the passwords to
             | the wallet in some way.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Right, my mistake for using too broad terms. I meant
               | specifically electronic payments, which have this
               | reversibility aspect that neither cash nor crypto have.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | The (dumbass) finance department in my last company was
           | phished out of about $50k. They received an email "from
           | another company", that we happened to do business with, that
           | was asking to update the account information. The FD didn't
           | do any verification cause it was over a weekend and it was
           | 'urgent'. Basically ignored all the classic signals.
           | 
           | The bank refused to return the funds. The concept that just
           | because it is a bank and it must be irreversible, is totally
           | wrong. Another very good example of this is the whole corrupt
           | Zelle service.
        
             | chrisweekly wrote:
             | interested to hear more about zelle
        
               | ty6853 wrote:
               | IIRC zelle is designed to be reversible for the banks but
               | not the customers, it is the worst of both worlds.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Zelle is effectively DNS for your ACH bank account and
               | the address is your email or phone number. It is
               | notoriously used by scammers because they know that it
               | isn't reversible.
               | 
               | Just google "zelle fraud" and go down the rabbit hole...
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | _use them for various forms of crime_
         | 
         | It's not a coincidence that a guy who was found liable for
         | financial fraud is reducing regulations around crypto currency
         | and then launched a meme coin.
        
         | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
         | >Not to start a big argument, but to my eyes the main usecases
         | of cryptocurrency are to bet on them as a speculative asset or
         | to use them for various forms of crime.
         | 
         | What argument can even be had? This is factually true. Whatever
         | other use cases were hoped for when it was invented, they have
         | failed to materialize.
        
         | eugene3306 wrote:
         | I use crypto often. I am Russian, I left Russia when Putin
         | started the war. For me, it is quite hard to open a bank
         | account. So I use crypto. I work remotely for a Singaporian
         | company. Now I'm in Vietnam, I can pay for my groceries with
         | crypto using QR code. I can cash USDT crypto with a rate better
         | than paper bills.
         | 
         | I have two bank accounts in Kazakhstan. Both card credentials
         | were stolen after I used a popular hotel booking website,
         | which, by the words of reddit, shares my card details with
         | hotels. Some money was stolen. Seems like 3D-security only
         | affects my payments, and theifs have a freedom to choose a
         | website without 3D. Now I have to keep that cards always
         | locked. Unlocking them for a short moments, when I need to make
         | a card payment. Like booking an hotel, or buying an airline
         | ticket.
        
           | exFAT wrote:
           | >Now I'm in Vietnam, I can pay for my groceries with crypto
           | using QR code.
           | 
           | That sounds great. What do you use?
        
             | eugene3306 wrote:
             | Fizen
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | It is wild how Vietnam really transformed from a complete
           | cash society to a mostly digital one in just a few years.
           | Covid did it.
           | 
           | Nothing more annoying than having your largest bill be worth
           | about $20 and having to carry stacks of them around for
           | things like just paying rent.
        
         | fennecfoxy wrote:
         | Totally agree, I think crypto is cool from a technological
         | standpoint, but I don't think I've seen one common genuine use
         | of BTC, etc.
         | 
         | And before someone comes in with very specific, anecdotal
         | examples - notice I said "common", ie not buying your indie
         | music from a retro-Serb band that plays using the concept of
         | instruments as instruments and from abandoned sewers; but only
         | on Mondays.
         | 
         | I definitely feel like the majority of crypto traffic is
         | primarily due to bubbles/moneymaking/bets/pumps+dump and then
         | the secondary/next closest use case is for criminal activity.
         | And then after that perhaps the myriad of much smaller use
         | cases like people paying for Proton using crypto.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | > _I 've seen one common genuine use of BTC_
           | 
           | One of my favorited comments/threads:
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26238410
        
             | skybrian wrote:
             | The most surprising part of that thread is the claim that
             | they're using Bitcoin rather than a stablecoin. But perhaps
             | things have changed in four years?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | To be fair, the article for the thread is about how
               | Tether was forced to end in NY.
        
             | JamesBarney wrote:
             | Even that technically falls under the crime umbrella
             | (though I don't believe it is immoral or unethical). It's
             | basically the getting around government imposed capital
             | controls.
        
           | compootr wrote:
           | Just this week, I received a bug bounty from a company in
           | bitcoin. No BS with banks or anything!*
           | 
           | *: until I convert it to fiat
        
         | isk517 wrote:
         | The biggest impact cryptocurrency has had on my life is the
         | ability to pay criminals after they've taken your data hostage.
         | It's awesome that we've invented a way to make creating and
         | distributing malware profitable.
        
           | pas wrote:
           | it definitely helps to motivate some people to consider
           | security as a functional requirement
        
         | gradschool wrote:
         | > Someone will probably tell me about some theoretical
         | situation where it is a positive force
         | 
         | Challenge accepted. My positive use case for cryptocurrency
         | pertains to someone like me being over sixty and worried about
         | being swept up into the guardianship system. With most of my
         | assets in crypto and assuming decent opsec, they would be
         | inaccessible to the guardian. If a judge ordered me to grant
         | access, could I be cited for contempt by refusing to comply
         | given that I had already been legally ruled incompetent? If I
         | were cited regardless, would the threat of incarceration carry
         | any weight given that I would be already incarcerated in an old
         | age home? Unless there's some principle the guardian is trying
         | to uphold, the rational course would be to choose a different
         | victim.
        
           | washadjeffmad wrote:
           | That's what happened to my grandfather, and the same happened
           | to a friend's father two years ago.
           | 
           | There are greater protections against elder abuse today, but
           | often by the time their broker or finance manager finds out,
           | the damage has been done.
        
           | LiquidSky wrote:
           | Elder abuse is certainly a real problem, but the
           | guardianship/conservatorship system also does address a real
           | problem: many seniors actually do become mentally unable to
           | manage themselves.
           | 
           | You're worried about falsely being forced into a
           | guardianship, but what happens if you actually do develop
           | Alzheimer's or some other form of dementia and your family
           | legitimately needs access to your assets to care for you?
           | It's easy to say you'd just give them access before it gets
           | really bad, but an insidious part of the problem is that
           | someone suffering from such a decline either doesn't, or
           | refuses to, recognize it happening.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Before she died, my grandmother couldn't remember where
             | she'd hidden her most valuable jewellery.
             | 
             | She was an _excellent_ card player 10 years before that,
             | probably because she could recall most /all of the playing
             | cards in the discard pile, so I'm sure she could have
             | remembered a Bitcoin wallet passphrase -- until the last
             | few years.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | I've unfortunately seen that as well.
               | 
               | Paranoia is a common side effect of dementia, and I've
               | seen lots of anguish and money (legal/bank fees) spent on
               | recovering non-life-changing savings that were just too
               | well hidden. At least there was a fallback option to get
               | them back - crypto would have been permanently lost.
               | 
               | Finding a middle ground between security and availability
               | is hard even as a healthy adult and only gets worse with
               | age.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > With most of my assets in crypto and assuming decent opsec,
           | they would be inaccessible to the guardian.
           | 
           | The flip side of this is that there's also a decent chance of
           | your assets becoming completely inaccessible to anyone,
           | including you or any of your successors (if applicable),
           | unless you've made careful preparations involving time locked
           | contracts or similar.
           | 
           | And yes, you're probably safer against the enforcement of
           | court rulings you might disagree with, but you are extremely
           | vulnerable to blackmail or cyberattacks compared to
           | traditional bank accounts.
        
           | 8note wrote:
           | whats the benefit to you though?
           | 
           | youre going to be incarcerated in an even worse kept old
           | folks home, and anything you actually try to spend on will be
           | both spied upon - you getting a nurse to type in the secrets
           | for you, or confiscated an sold before yoy could enjoy the
           | results.
           | 
           | i think you'd be better off trying to tackle the problem
           | directly, and get legal changes to how guardianship works,
           | since itll still screw over your crypto assets
        
           | gopher_space wrote:
           | > worried about being swept up into the guardianship system.
           | 
           | Functionally speaking you'd have to be incapable of calling a
           | lawyer on your own, which means you'd already be under
           | someone's care. Even if you're being scammed dry, the
           | absolute last thing you want in that situation is a lack of
           | funding.
           | 
           | Find someone who understands end of life financial planning
           | and set up whatever trust-like scheme they recommend.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | Crypto is hard for most scam victims to buy. Ban gift cards.
         | Gift cards have always been a lame thoughtless gift anyway.
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | This is what I'm wondering. How do you get the typical person
           | to fall for a scam to open a crypto account, buy it, go
           | through kyc, etc
        
             | xsmasher wrote:
             | I think they are doing bank transfers directly to the
             | scammers, who give them a FAKE website that shows a crypto
             | balance + great investment returns. I'm not sure crypto is
             | involved at all; it's just the old Spanish prisoner /
             | Nigerian prince scam with a new coat of paint.
        
             | nobody9999 wrote:
             | >How do you get the typical person to fall for a scam to
             | open a crypto account, buy it, go through kyc, etc
             | 
             | With spam like the below (note that the original contains
             | mostly UTF8 characters to avoid spam filters). I get these
             | every so often on the NOC and postmaster addresses of
             | domains I manage.
             | 
             | It's not even phishing. Just spam blasts to find anyone
             | uninformed enough to believe it, and insecure enough to be
             | afraid of the (empty) "threat":                  Take a
             | second to dztor, iohale [?]eerly, aod soosentrate on this
             | medzsa[?]e. It'dz         srusial to giye it your complete
             | focus.                We're about to [?]iscusdz a
             | dzignificant matter betweeo udz, ao[?] I'm absolutely
             | oot kid[?]iog.             Uou might not recogoie me, but
             | I'm familiar with you and at thidz moment,         you're
             | likely wonderiog ho[?], right?             Uour browdziog
             | habitdz haye beeo ridzky - dzcrolling through vi[?]eos,
             | clickiog         links, an[?] vidzitiog some undzafe
             | webdzitedz.              I derloued malware oo ao adult
             | site, aod uou dztumbled across it.                While uou
             | were streaming, your dzudztem wadz exrosed through rdp,
             | allowing me         full acsedzdz to your deyice.
             | No I can monitor everything oo your dzcreen, remotely
             | astivate your camera         and misrorhooe, aod you
             | woul[?]o't eyen notice.             I aldzo hane somplete
             | accesdz to your emails, contacts and other accountdz.
             | I'ne beeo obseryin[?] your activities for quite some time
             | now. It's dzimrly         unfortunate for you that I came
             | acrosdz what uouane beeo up to.             I speot more
             | time than nesesdzary di[?][?]in[?] into uour perdzooal
             | data. I've         sollected a significaot amount of
             | dzeositine information from your device and
             | reyiewed it thoroughlu. I eyen have resordiogs of you
             | eo[?]agiog in dzome rather         [?]uedztionable behavior
             | at home. I've somriled vi[?]eodz an[?] soarshots
             | (inclu[?]io[?]         imagedz of your livio[?] spase)
             | where one si[?]e [?]isrlays the sooteot you were
             | viewing, an[?] the other si[?]e shos you... [?]ell, let'dz
             | just sau uou koo[?] what I         meao.             With a
             | single click, I could dzhare thidz with eyery one of your
             | cootactdz.             I uoderstan[?] uour uncertaioty, but
             | don't ekhpect anu leoieocy from me.             That dzaid,
             | I'm rrerared to let thidz [?]o aod allow you to carry on
             | adz if         nothing ener ocsurred.             Nere'dz
             | the deal - I'm offering you two choises:             -
             | Igoore this medzsage an[?] fiod out [?]hat hapreos next. If
             | you take thidz rath,           I'll dzhare the yi[?]eo with
             | all uour cootasts.               It's [?]uite a reyealing
             | clip, aod I can ooly imagine the humiliation uou'[?]
             | face when your solleaguedz, friends, and family yiew it.
             | But, adz they dzay, actiondz have sondzequencedz. Don't
             | rositioo yourdzelf adz the         nictim here.
             | - Ray me to keer thidz matter private. Let's refer to it
             | adz a privacy fee.               Here'dz the [?]eal if you
             | [?]o this route: uour sesret remaios safe, oo one else
             | ill ener know.               Ooce I reseive the paymeot,
             | I'll delete everythiog. The paumeot idz to be
             | made ekhcludzively io srypto.               I'm aiming for
             | a resolutioo that works for both of udz, but mu termdz are
             | fioal an[?] noo ne[?]otiable.               1100 USD to my
             | bitcoio a[?][?]redzs belo (remove whitespaces if any):
             | bc1qt30ya4ssczyhzpe03t6jt8524hgfswe7pdxq9u
             | Once the payment idz ma[?]e, you can rest easy knoio[?] I
             | keer mu word.             Uou hane 50 hours to somplete the
             | transastion, and bts idz the onlu form of         paymeot
             | I'll accept.             The sydztem I've set ur [?]ill
             | automaticallu [?]etect the payment an[?] immediately
             | delete eyeruthing I hane on you.             Don't waste
             | time redzpondin[?] or attemrtiog to oe[?]otiate - it woo't
             | work.             If I notise you've srokeo to anyooe about
             | thidz or dzou[?]ht a[?]nice, the vi[?]eo         will be
             | sent to uour sontastdz without hesitation.             Aod
             | [?]oo't thiok about turniog off your rhone or attemrtio[?]
             | a factory redzet -         it won't make a differeoce.
             | I [?]on't make errors, aod I'm dzimply [?]aitin[?] for the
             | payment.
             | 
             | As you can see, the claims and threats are cartoonish. But
             | folks who aren't tech savvy could be fooled by this.
             | 
             | I'd expect that each spam recipient is given a unique BTC
             | address, so that they can be identified for further
             | "blackmail"[0] should they actually comply.
             | 
             | And to clarify, the above message was received by a
             | "postmaster@domain" account on 23 May 2025. And since I've
             | been seeing them for at least a few years I can only assume
             | they are at least occasionally successful.
             | 
             | There are other scams that target folks with bitcoin
             | demands too. Likely with similar claims.
             | 
             | [0] https://malwaretips.com/blogs/ive-recorded-many-videos-
             | of-yo...
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | In the past they might have asked you to mail them USD. Same
         | risk there. Not like the post office is funded sufficiently to
         | open all mail. And once that money is out of your bank account
         | and out of your hands it is also gone.
        
         | deadbabe wrote:
         | The idea that someone could just beat you with a lead pipe
         | until you open up your bitcoin wallet and surrender all the
         | bitcoins and then there is nothing you can do about it in any
         | kind of legal system or even cryptographically should terrify
         | anyone into boasting about having any kind of bitcoin assets.
        
           | dpassens wrote:
           | I wouldn't recommend boasting about owning bitcoin either but
           | why couldn't you involve the legal system? They can go after
           | the criminals who beat you with the pipe just as they could
           | if they beat you to get to your cash/luxury
           | car/art/jewelry/other valuable stuff.
        
         | throwaway494932 wrote:
         | > various forms of crime.
         | 
         | Keep in mind that most of the world doesn't live in a perfectly
         | functioning country with proper rule of law. Being able to use
         | crypto to commit a crime in those countries is a feature. You
         | never know when you will need this feature in your own. (Stupid
         | example: tomorrow Trump wakes up and decide to block all bank
         | accounts of non-citizen until they prove that they are in the
         | US legally: will being able to make crypto transfers be good or
         | bad ?)
         | 
         | But even assuming that all criminal use of crypto is bad, as
         | our money become more digital, we are more and more dependent
         | on a small number of payment processors that get to decide what
         | is good and what is bad, regardless of the legal status (or
         | decide that the legal status that matters is the one of the US,
         | even if you live in Nigeria). This is particularly true for
         | businesses that handle anything sex-related.
         | 
         | For an example of the latter, just a few days ago a payment
         | processor suspended its services to Civitai [1] because it lets
         | people to make ai-generated porn. "The company that had been
         | processing credit card payments for Civitai made the decision
         | to cease processing payments beginning May 23, 2025, due to
         | their discomfort with enabling AI-generated explicit content."
         | 
         | [1] https://www.laweekly.com/civitai-ditched-by-credit-card-
         | proc...
        
         | robomartin wrote:
         | > Cryptocurrency enables at big part of this
         | 
         | Interesting panel discussion on the state of crypto today at
         | the Regan National Economic Forum event.
         | 
         | I believe it is the third panel in the stream:
         | 
         | https://www.reaganfoundation.org/events/videos/2025-reagan-n...
        
       | shoo wrote:
       | Sue-Lin Wong has an excellent 8 part podcast series "Scam Inc"
       | about pig butchering scams, the first three episodes are free to
       | listen: https://www.economist.com/audio/podcasts/scam-inc
        
         | rs186 wrote:
         | Listened to the whole show, and I am very disappointed that
         | they don't put enough effort into stressing how much
         | cryptocurrency facilitates all these. They talk about
         | cryptocurrency as if it's just a way to transfer money, and it
         | happens that bad people use it for scams. No, it's almost the
         | sole reason pigbutchering works so effectively these days and
         | works as the perfect tool for scammers in obscure corners in
         | the world.
        
           | bryceneal wrote:
           | While I agree that cryptocurrency can make the process much
           | easier for scammers, I am wondering what exactly is the
           | proposed solution? Something like 28% of adults in the US own
           | cryptocurrency, and that number increases every year. A few
           | years ago I could see path to some kind of global crackdown
           | on crypto by governments around the world, but it now seems
           | to me that cryptocurrency has reached terminal velocity and
           | it's now too late for something like that to happen. Coinbase
           | is in the S&P500, Circle is floating an IPO, and there are
           | dozens of ETFs for Bitcoin and Ethereum sitting in the 401ks
           | of average Americans.
           | 
           | Perhaps the solution is trying to better understand how
           | victims are acquiring and transferring their funds? Perhaps
           | we need to regulate centralized exchanges to better protect
           | their customers. In the U.S. it's necessary to pass some
           | simple online questionnaire before trading advanced financial
           | products like options/futures. Perhaps we need something like
           | this for cryptocurrency? I'm just throwing out ideas, because
           | I don't know the solution. But even if you think regulating
           | it out of existence is the ideal outcome, that is simply not
           | going to be possible at this point.
        
             | rs186 wrote:
             | In China, cryptocurrency is effectively banned -- mining
             | machines are confiscated, banks are not allowed to do any
             | transaction with crypto exchanges. Effectively you cannot
             | turn money into crypto or the other way via normal means in
             | China. Of course some people still find ways, and pig
             | butchering exists in China, but it is much harder via the
             | crypto route.
             | 
             | I don't know if there will ever be a global crackdown, but
             | I know it's definitely not going to happen in the US,
             | because, well, freedom, and the man in charge is all-in in
             | crypto.
             | 
             | But at least some governments in the world see clearly that
             | crypto does more harm than good and take action accordingly
             | -- surprisingly China in this case.
             | 
             | It may not be the best solution, but it is _a_ solution.
        
               | bryceneal wrote:
               | I believe China's cryptocurrency ban is more about
               | fighting capital flight than scammers. There are
               | restrictions in China on everything from foreign
               | exchange, overseas investments, domestic property, and
               | cross-border payments. They have two separate currencies
               | in part to prevent money from leaving the country.
               | 
               | That said, China is one of the most authoritarian
               | countries in the world. It has some of the most effective
               | controls in place around media, speech, technology, and
               | capital of any country. I'm not sure whether that model
               | could be easily copied, and whether it should be copied
               | is maybe a different conversation altogether.
        
         | thinkingtoilet wrote:
         | John Oliver has an informative episode on it as well.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLPpl2ISKTg
        
       | stevenwoo wrote:
       | They still used AWS servers in the USA to avoid some blocking.
       | Baader Meinhof but just heard this episode
       | https://www.npr.org/2025/05/23/1253043749/pig-butchering-sca...
       | where they tracked down organization in Cambodia that specialized
       | in targeting USA and China citizens for pig butchering and
       | explained the mechanism of the scam using Tether cryptocurrency.
        
       | ksenzee wrote:
       | I wonder what kind of scam my generation will be falling for when
       | we get old. At least I have smart, trustworthy kids. If I didn't,
       | I'd be making smart, trustworthy young friends, and soon.
        
         | fennecfoxy wrote:
         | As a millennial, probably the exact same stuff. I see my
         | friends, especially the genz ones, addicted to cracktok. And
         | ofc cracktok advertises endless cheap crap for them to buy, by
         | dropshippers with huge margins, or Chinese sellers who have
         | realised why bother with a Western middleman when you can up
         | your factory price to dropship retail & make the most money.
         | 
         | Plus with advancements in AI, people are gonna have to finally
         | get pretty good at seeing anything and thinking "I don't know
         | if this is real, I should fact check it" but I personally think
         | that'll never happen, people will continue to go on believing
         | whatever they see as evidenced by YT/TT comments that I've seen
         | on obviously fake or scripted videos.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _I wonder what kind of scam my generation will be falling for
         | when we get old._
         | 
         | There was a study recently (last year?) that found Millennials
         | are more likely to fall for online scams than Boomers and
         | Gen-X.
         | 
         | The reason is because Boomers and Gen-X grew up during the
         | advent of the internet, when there was a lot of media about the
         | dangers online. Millennials (and presumably Z's, too) never
         | knew life before the internet, and didn't get all those
         | warnings when it was spinning up, so they trust what they see
         | more.
        
           | ksenzee wrote:
           | Interesting. As it happens I'm Gen X, and possibly we're more
           | wary than millennials now, but I fully expect cognitive
           | decline to affect that.
        
       | aziaziazi wrote:
       | Related: Interpol urges to stop using "Pig Butchering":
       | 
       | > INTERPOL argues that the term 'pig butchering' dehumanizes and
       | shames victims of such frauds, deterring people from coming
       | forward to seek help and provide information to the authorities.
       | 
       | "Romance baiting" is proposed instead.
       | 
       | https://www.interpol.int/News-and-Events/News/2024/INTERPOL-...
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | Spending their time wisely I see.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | If it increases the number of people coming forward then why
           | not. It's not that this is was the only thing Interpol was
           | doing.
        
         | JTbane wrote:
         | It's not always romance related, sometimes it's just a promise
         | of massive crypto investment returns.
         | 
         | "Pig butchering" is more apt as the long con is like fattening
         | up an animal before slaughter.
        
           | aziaziazi wrote:
           | I agree, meanwhile sometimes words not only describes thinks
           | but influence those using them.
        
       | infecto wrote:
       | The US does not do enough in this space to punish companies. It
       | feels like such low hanging fruit too that would significantly
       | help the elderly population.
       | 
       | Reported to Vercel a bank phishing site weeks ago, no response
       | still. It's amazing how little companies care.
        
         | rawgabbit wrote:
         | Until we put people in prison, the cyber crimes will continue.
         | 
         | Declaring states that do nothing about these criminals as
         | harboring terror is a good start. This is the same legal
         | principle that resulted in the
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbary_Wars which stopped
         | Barbary pirates enslaving US sailors.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | Forcing telecos to authenticate phone calls would probably be
         | the single most important change.
         | 
         | But instead of forcing them, we have been letting them drag
         | their feet while while regular people are losing _billions_ to
         | scams.
         | 
         | The whole phone system is ancient and long deprecated. When I
         | get a call from my bank I should see their name and a badge of
         | authentication. Not a random phone number.
         | 
         | Imagine you could register irs.gov and start sending e-mails
         | from that domain. That is pretty much the current state of the
         | phone system.
         | 
         | Un-fucking-believable no one is _forcing_ change here.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | Telcos have systems in place that are specifically to allow
           | international phone calls to appear as if they're local
           | calls. This is to "facilitate business".
           | 
           | They have these services and continue to offer them because
           | they get paid for having them, despite the double decker bus
           | sized hole this provides for scammers.
           | 
           | I agree 100% that there should be much tighter regulation on
           | telcos.
           | 
           | What I'm not sure of is actually whether it's possible
           | without having to rebuild a lot of their networks almost from
           | scratch.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Phone numbers should just be deprecated and move towards a
             | DNS like system.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | The older I get the more I realise how much of an anchor
               | legacy systems are, so the more I appreciate forward
               | planning in many contexts.
               | 
               | I like to do things in a modular fashion; sectioning off
               | related parts.
        
               | ianburrell wrote:
               | Phone numbers have nothing to do with the spoofing
               | problem. Hierarchical identifiers would have the exact
               | same problem. The problem is that VOIP callers can set
               | whatever phone number they want. Email is also vulnerable
               | to spoofing.
               | 
               | The solution is to roll out signing for phone numbers.
               | The owner of each phone number is known. It could even be
               | published in DNS with ENUM. Most phone calls are from big
               | companies like telcos and mobile providers. The VOIP
               | callers would be harder to update, but could be
               | restricted so can't spoof known numbers.
               | 
               | If going to roll out new identity system, easier to use
               | existing phone numbers than make a whole new identifier
               | system.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | Afaik, VoIP is just the easiest onramp to spoofing
               | numbers.
               | 
               | Anyone with BGP-equivalent access to the phone network
               | can spoof numbers, even if they're coming from a
               | landline. Might even be able to when you have a business
               | landline terminated in a PBX.
               | 
               | i.e. the phone network backend is built on trust.
        
             | jonathantf2 wrote:
             | I admin the phone system for my phone company, for any user
             | I can change the outgoing CLI to be literally any number in
             | the world, I can even call out as "1" if I want to.
        
           | larrik wrote:
           | It's worse than that.
           | 
           | I got a call with the caller id of my (credit union) credit
           | card company. They had my name and address, knew I had a
           | card, and were claiming they were investigating fraudulent
           | charges. It sounded more official than my actual credit card
           | company. The only real things to tip me off was that the list
           | of fraudulent charges kept changing, and they were super keen
           | on me reading the entire credit card number back to them.
           | 
           | There were never any fraudulent charges, and the actual fraud
           | department didn't seem to care.
           | 
           | I'm guessing it was due to the Experian leak.
        
         | Joker_vD wrote:
         | But this would interfere with freedom of entrepreneurship! And
         | since no amount of government regulation can reduce fraud to
         | zero anyhow, the current amount of it is economically optimal.
         | Besides, every person has the unalienable right to ruin their
         | life, gosh darn it. /s
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Same with captcha providers (google et al) that these scams
         | often hide behind. They don't care, they just want money just
         | like the scammers.
        
         | omarmung wrote:
         | (I work at Vercel) Send me an email at dustin @ vercel dot com
         | and I'll dig in here. Sorry about that.
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | I kind of wonder why ISPs haven't already started offering value-
       | add security services that have various levels of filtering to
       | provide a cleaner-feed internet experience.
       | 
       | From my limited research there seem to be a surprisingly large
       | number of bad actors that own moderate swathes of ip address
       | ranges and even Autonomous Systems (AS) that are known and can
       | therefore be blocked.
       | 
       | I use OPNSense, which seems to allow AS blocking in the firewall
       | rules, and also have some automated blocking based on external
       | malicious IP address lists. My not very well maintained project
       | can be found here:
       | https://github.com/UninvitedActivity/UninvitedActivity
       | 
       | I have no idea if these sites would have been blocked by my
       | setup.
       | 
       | Another concept I like but haven't put the research time into is
       | blocking recently registered domains (RRDs). It would appear to
       | be the case that RRDs probably aren't crucial to the average
       | persons daily browsing experience, so blocking them for a certain
       | period of time shouldn't cause too much hassle. There are some
       | services that list them - problem is that there can be tens of
       | thousands per day, which can be difficult to manage into lists
       | compatible with various blocking softwares ( I haven't found how
       | to automate it for pihole yet - but I haven't tried very hard
       | either).
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | Sounds like begging for censorship...
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | I've divided my stuff into four layers: basic, recommended,
           | aggressive, and paranoid.
           | 
           | Choose your own level of "censorship" or choose none at all.
           | 
           | All such things can descend into the political mudpit, it
           | just takes effort to keep the pigs noses out of the technical
           | experts trough.
        
             | loaph wrote:
             | I suspect they're saying ISPs doing it would be begging for
             | censorship, not that your project is
        
         | williamscales wrote:
         | NextDNS has an option to block RRDs.
         | 
         | I don't know if it does anything for suspicious AS.
        
       | coolspot wrote:
       | > Silent Push found Funnull was a criminal content delivery
       | network (CDN)
       | 
       | Should be (CCDN) then
        
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