[HN Gopher] California has got good at building giant batteries
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       California has got good at building giant batteries
        
       Author : chiffre01
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2025-05-29 19:48 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.economist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.economist.com)
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Californian batteries set new output record_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=44119878 - May 2025
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | https://archive.today/j6O1N
        
       | standardUser wrote:
       | > Additionally, a recent fire at a battery facility in Moss
       | Landing, on California's coast, has spooked communities. One
       | Monterey County supervisor called it "a Three Mile Island event".
       | 
       | Careful, you wouldn't want to injure yourself bending over
       | backwards to represent both sides of an argument where one side
       | is the continued proven operational success of battery technology
       | on a massive scale an the other side is some guy yelling "fire"
       | in a crowded theater.
        
         | happyopossum wrote:
         | > some guy yelling "fire" in a crowded theater
         | 
         | to be fair, there really was a fire, and it was a bad one. You
         | can't just lose 80% of the capacity at one of the largest
         | battery storage facilities in the US in a multi-day fire and
         | hand-wave it away as some kind of conspiracy theory.
        
           | ImaCake wrote:
           | It's also just bad optics, unfortunately. A coal power plant
           | kills people living nearby slowly over the course of decades,
           | a battery fire might injure a few people but it does so in a
           | way that makes headlines. No one cares about boring lawsuits
           | over a power plant being turned off next year anyway, and
           | that is part of what makes these kinds of stories so
           | frustrating!
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | I live close to this and the event is proving the horseshoe
         | political theory very very correct.
         | 
         | You get the lefty RFK Jr. anti-science types becoming very
         | anti-batteries, collaborating with the extreme-right-wing
         | coalition of mountain hermits, rednecks, and extremely wealthy
         | Monterey peninsula types.
         | 
         | We are a community that is easily spooked, but the batteries
         | have really brought out the crazies.
        
           | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
           | > mountain hermits, rednecks
           | 
           | These guys love their off-grid and solar and batteries tbh.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | Well, _some_ of them. Some of them love propane and
             | generators. Maybe solar, but not always.
        
               | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
               | In fairness a good number of them seem to live in Alaska
               | or other places where solar is effectively pointless and
               | totally useless for months of the year.
        
         | AdamJacobMuller wrote:
         | At this point I wonder if the environmental impact from a
         | lithium battery fire would eclipse the impact from a worst case
         | scenario at a modern nuclear power plant.
         | 
         | There is far far more in terms of containment in the nuke
         | plant, but, the stuff inside is much more dangerous and longer
         | lasting.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | We will find out soon about the environmental impact from
           | soil testing. Results are supposed to be on the county
           | website [1] at the end of May [2], and that's a few days
           | away.
           | 
           | This is pretty much a worst-case scenario for battery fire
           | size and spreading. It is a very early large-scale battery
           | deployment with what appears to be completely insufficient
           | fire suppression, and very little thought for fire isolation.
           | It was a tightly packed indoor multi-story facility, very
           | unlike the more typical outdoor shipping-container style
           | facility.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.readymontereycounty.org/emergency/2025-moss-
           | land...
           | 
           | [2] https://santacruzlocal.org/2025/05/15/new-soil-tests-
           | start-a...
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Yeah it was pretty bad, but the siting is excellent. If an
             | organization simply must use these unstable batteries, they
             | can build them below grade at this site and fight fires
             | with the simplest possible means: pushing a pre-placed heap
             | of beach sand into the pit.
        
         | slg wrote:
         | I honestly have no idea whether you are right or whether that
         | county supervisor has merit to what they said. That is why we
         | need journalists to actually be people who want to seek truth
         | and inform their audience of that truth rather than just being
         | a public stenographer. A good journalist should have skepticism
         | towards what they are told by public figures and needs to
         | consider whether what they are told is accurate before
         | repeating it without any qualification.
         | 
         | But then again, there doesn't even appear to be a byline on
         | this article, so who knows who actually wrote it. If no one is
         | willing to stand behind these words, maybe it wasn't even a
         | human who wrote them. Maybe that quote from some unnamed person
         | is a complete hallucination of some AI. I guess it's up to the
         | reader to do their own research, which makes you wonder what
         | role the journalist is even serving in this instance.
        
         | outside1234 wrote:
         | This event demonstrated that battery systems need to be
         | designed, like any engineering system, such that any failure is
         | not catastrophic. They failed on this battery plant, and
         | regulations were put in place to prevent that for future
         | plants.
        
       | sciencesama wrote:
       | Tesla marketing plot !!
        
       | amazingamazing wrote:
       | Just in time for datacenters spiking AI usage to eat all of that
       | peak time excess. Luckily the super scalers are some of the folks
       | driving investment into this stuff.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | There are, relatively speaking, not significant data centers in
         | California.
        
       | vondur wrote:
       | We also have some of the highest energy prices in the United
       | States.
        
         | justinzollars wrote:
         | Yes. My energy costs have exploded over the last decade.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | If the "we" means California, that that also includes me, and
         | it's pretty clear that we don't have high costs because of the
         | generation side, but because CPUC keeps on approving massive
         | rate increases for grid costs.
         | 
         | It costs ~$0.13/kWh to generate the electricity (which includes
         | any battery costs), but $0.25-$0.50/kWh to deliver the energy
         | across the grid.
         | 
         | The utilities get guaranteed profits from rate-basing all the
         | grid stuff, but the generation side is a more competitive
         | market.
         | 
         | Batteries could be used to greatly reduce grid costs by
         | flattening peaks and decreasing grid congestion. If CPUC
         | mandated that utilities took those cost-saving measures...
        
           | aidenn0 wrote:
           | Yeah, compare the Sacramento municipal rate[1] is compared to
           | what SCE or PG&E prices things, and it's crazy. Average in
           | California is $0.32[2]; I pay about $0.28, but I have a TOU
           | plan and charge my car during super-off-peak so that brings
           | my average down.
           | 
           | 1: https://www.smud.org/Rate-Information/Residential-
           | rates#Pric...
           | 
           | 2: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.
           | ph...
        
             | secabeen wrote:
             | Sacramento municipal has a lot of customers in a small
             | space. Running a grid in and around a major city is
             | significantly different than covering an entire state with
             | lots of mountains and forests from Oregon to San Luis
             | Obispo.
        
           | secabeen wrote:
           | > Batteries could be used to greatly reduce grid costs by
           | flattening peaks and decreasing grid congestion. If CPUC
           | mandated that utilities took those cost-saving measures...
           | 
           | Can you math this out somewhat? I certainly can see some grid
           | cost reductions from batteries, but we still need a pretty
           | extensive grid to support baseline load and maintenance of
           | rural lines. How would shaving the load peak from 100% over
           | baseline down to a lower number help?
           | 
           | Given that we are nearing the normal lifespan of much of our
           | rural electric infrastructure that was installed in the
           | mid-20th century, it's not surprising that we have a lot of
           | spend to do. Private utilities love to defer maintenance,
           | especially when it takes 80 years to notice.
        
         | dawnerd wrote:
         | I just love paying higher rates to cover the fines for all the
         | fires that have been started.
        
           | rconti wrote:
           | But at least the dollars we pay for electricity aren't the
           | dollars they spend to advertise to us constantly about how
           | safe they are. /s
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Someone's gotta pay to make sure people who build $2M houses
           | in firezones don't have to pay ridiculous insurance
           | premiums...
        
             | timewizard wrote:
             | Someone's gotta repair and replace 100 year old crumbling
             | infrastructure that they operate for profit in a fire zone
             | during a wind storm.
             | 
             | Naw. Let's blame the tax payers for existing instead.
        
         | cobbzilla wrote:
         | But if we can figure out how people can live inside batteries,
         | the housing problem is solved!
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Somebody needs to make large lithium-iron phosphate batteries in
       | the US. A123 does, but they are China-owned.
       | 
       | Anyone know if this American Battery Factory company is going to
       | deliver?[1] They have the same street address as Lion Energy,
       | which seems to be an importer of battery packs and inverters.
       | Street View shows a small startup space.
       | 
       | Back in 2022, they announced they would have a new factory on
       | line in two years. Three years later, no factory.
       | 
       | [1] https://americanbatteryfactory.com/
       | 
       | [2] https://www.energy-storage.news/us-gigafactory-startup-
       | abf-c...
        
         | philipkglass wrote:
         | One Next Energy does:
         | 
         |  _ONE said yesterday (15 May) it was launching US-manufactured
         | 314Ah lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cells, an 'Aries Grid
         | Module', and a battery management system (BMS), all designed
         | for the battery energy storage system (BESS) market._
         | 
         | "ONE Launches U.S. Manufactured Grid Products: LFP Cells,
         | Modules and Battery Management Systems"
         | 
         | https://one.ai/one-launches-u-s-manufactured-grid-products-l...
         | 
         | https://one.ai/manufacturing
         | 
         |  _In October 2023, the first LFP cells rolled off ONE's 10 MWh
         | customer validation line at ONE Circle in Van Buren Township,
         | Michigan. In April of 2023, we started producing Aries LFP
         | modules at Piston Automotive, also in Michigan._
        
         | andyferris wrote:
         | Tesla Powerwall 3 is LFP - do they make that in the US? (I'm
         | not sure if you call it large but Tesla also does large
         | installations).
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Oh, good. Big lithium ion batteries in wooden garages were
           | never a good idea.
           | 
           | How does pricing compare to BYD and CATL?
        
             | anamexis wrote:
             | I'd imagine by the time you have a lithium ion fire, it
             | really doesn't matter what the structure is made of.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | CATL's sodium chemistry (Naxtra) is anticipated to be
             | ~$50/kWh at scale. Faster charge/discharge capability, ~3x
             | cell lifecycle longevity, reliable cold performance (@
             | ~-30C), sodium abundance vs lithium, lower risk of thermal
             | runaway; weight and density are non issues in this
             | application.
             | 
             | https://www.catl.com/en/news/6401.html
             | 
             | https://electrek.co/2025/04/21/catl-unveils-ev-battery-
             | charg...
             | 
             | https://www.ess-news.com/2024/11/28/new-sodium-ion-
             | developme...
        
               | ortusdux wrote:
               | I'd pour a slab and have a shed sized battery delivered
               | if the $/kwh and cell longevity was favorable enough.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Keep your wallet close, that time is rapidly approaching.
               | Global demand for energy storage at this price and scale
               | is voracious.
               | 
               | https://about.bnef.com/blog/china-already-makes-as-many-
               | batt...
               | 
               | https://www.iea.org/commentaries/the-battery-industry-
               | has-en...
               | 
               | https://www.energy-storage.news/global-bess-deployments-
               | soar...
               | 
               | https://rhomotion.com/news/global-bess-deployments-
               | surpass-e...
        
             | brianwawok wrote:
             | Worse idea than pipes full of explosive gas or water?
        
             | conradev wrote:
             | It's a great idea if you use well-designed batteries!
             | 
             | I imagine it is pretty hard to get a BYD Blade to ignite,
             | for example:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BYD_Blade_battery#Safety
        
           | conradev wrote:
           | They assemble them in the US, but they import the cells from
           | China.
           | 
           | Panasonic does make Lithium-ion cells in the Gigafactory, but
           | only ones with Nickel chemistry. Tesla does not make its own
           | cells, but they've collaborated closely with Panasonic to do
           | things like create a new cell size (2170).
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | I think one of the Tesla execs also started a battery recycling
       | company there as well.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.redwoodmaterials.com/
        
       | epistasis wrote:
       | Texas, Arizona, and even Idaho (!!) are putting up fairly good
       | numbers too, according to this map:
       | 
       | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=64586
       | 
       | Pretty much all new grid assets are solar, batteries, and wind,
       | with a bit of natural gas. And that natural gas will likely be a
       | stranded capital asset that won't be able to compete on price
       | within a decade.
        
         | rogerrogerr wrote:
         | Isn't natgas basically a waste product? As in no one is setting
         | out to produce it, it just shows up when you produce other
         | hydrocarbons?
         | 
         | So either it's going to get released, flared off, or something
         | useful will get done with it even if it goes to $0.
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | Yes and no. It is a by-product of oil wells, but there are
           | also pure gas fields only harvesting it.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | You still have to move it to the generation turbines, store
           | it, and maintain the turbines. Even if the price of
           | extracting natural gas is zero or negative, it may not be
           | economical to use it for electricity generation in the
           | future.
           | 
           | Solar, wind, and storage are a major disruption of our energy
           | technology. They do not follow the same cost curves, and
           | fuel-based generation is already a very mature technology. We
           | are either at early ages or teenager years for solar and
           | storage, we don't know where they will end up when mature,
           | but it's going to be so much cheaper than it is now.
        
           | njarboe wrote:
           | In the eastern US much of the fracking done is to extract
           | natural gas. Not a waste product there.
        
           | detourdog wrote:
           | In some cases it is a waste product but not in the USA we
           | also have fracking which is a toxic waste producer.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracking
        
           | Izikiel43 wrote:
           | In Argentina there is a very large operation to get natural
           | gas from fracking, and export it to other countries besides
           | local usage.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | There's quite a lot of "dry" (non-byproduct) natural gas
           | being produced.
        
         | ImaCake wrote:
         | I am no expert on this, but my understanding was natural gas is
         | useful for its flexibility and efficency to handle gaps in
         | supply. The big batteries are amazing but they can't (yet)
         | cover longer gaps the same way natural gas can.
        
           | pfdietz wrote:
           | That's right. When natural gas becomes unavailable or banned,
           | green hydrogen could be used for that instead.
        
       | scop wrote:
       | > has got really good
       | 
       | For whatever reason that turn of phrase seems very amateur/lazy
       | coming from the Economist.
        
         | johnea wrote:
         | I have to agree.
         | 
         | I was going to say, just plain grammatically incorrect.
         | 
         | At first I though this had to be a truncation for the purpose
         | of the HN subject line, but no, it's the actual title of the
         | article.
         | 
         | Could this be a difference between English and American?
        
           | jjtheblunt wrote:
           | It's incompetence.
           | 
           | Or
           | 
           | it's purposeful ("think different") to get attention
           | 
           | Or
           | 
           | It's a shout out to a common slang where past participles
           | (gotten) get used in place of simple past tense ("I seen this
           | before" which should be "I saw this before") but her is the
           | other swap.
        
           | antognini wrote:
           | It's a British vs. American difference. Americans prefer
           | "gotten": "California has gotten good at building batteries."
           | The British view "gotten" as ungrammatical.
        
         | riknos314 wrote:
         | I came here to say exactly this. I feel like I learned the
         | proper way to write this before first grade, and that was in
         | rural Iowa. How are the editors of a historically respected
         | publication allowing this through?
        
           | riknos314 wrote:
           | Upon reading further found this: "would be a double whammy)."
           | with no opening parenthesis to be found. Seems like sloppy
           | writing and editing throughout.
        
           | antognini wrote:
           | You learned proper American English. "Gotten" is generally
           | discouraged in British English.
        
         | 20wenty wrote:
         | Thank you, thought I was going crazy. Maybe this is the new
         | thing, adding grammatical errors so people won't think the
         | content was written by AI.
        
       | transcriptase wrote:
       | California has got good at incentivizing companies to purchase
       | hundreds of millions worth of giant batteries from Tesla just
       | doesn't have the same ring to it.
       | 
       | Plus that would mean hinting at credit to the bad mars man, and
       | no journalist wants to risk that!
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | The free-market is proving your conspiracy theory wrong. Texas
         | is also deploying absolutely massive amounts of batteries, and
         | it's private investors doing it because it lets them deliver
         | cheaper energy and profit.
         | 
         | Batteries are a cost-saving grid asset. Journalists are under-
         | reporting this fact, not over-reporting.
        
           | trhway wrote:
           | Napkin. Batteries are $100 per KWH (say prismatic, 5000
           | cycles). So at $0.1 per KWH - say diff between high demand
           | rate and the low demand - it takes only 3 years (1000 cycles)
           | to break even. Practically a gold rush just a bit worse than
           | crypto :)
           | 
           | It becomes even better if you add vertical integration
           | optimization - i.e. your own solar farm in addition to your
           | own battery farm.
        
         | UltraSane wrote:
         | Why would Musk get any credit for this?
        
       | mullingitover wrote:
       | I knew someone who worked for ESS Tech[1], which makes giant iron
       | flow batteries in 40 foot shipping containers. Sadly they're on
       | the verge of bankruptcy[2].
       | 
       | [1] https://essinc.com/
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://www.bizjournals.com/portland/news/2025/05/28/wilsoln...
        
       | kylehotchkiss wrote:
       | Oh wow, now the utilities can go pat themselves on the back and
       | raise raises another $.20kWh. Even the middle management could
       | use porsches!
        
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       (page generated 2025-05-29 23:00 UTC)