[HN Gopher] TeleMessage Explorer: a new open source research tool
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       TeleMessage Explorer: a new open source research tool
        
       See also TeleMessage customers include DC Police, Andreessen
       Horowitz, JP Morgan, and hundreds more:
       https://micahflee.com/telemessage-customers-include-dc-polic...
        
       Author : micahflee
       Score  : 87 points
       Date   : 2025-05-26 14:50 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (micahflee.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (micahflee.com)
        
       | mdhb wrote:
       | It's truly wild that something like this exists. It really speaks
       | to the unfathomable levels of incompetence that this is what the
       | Trump administration was using to plan military operations over.
        
         | owlninja wrote:
         | And we all drop our jaws, wonder what is happening, and then
         | wake up to a slurry of new stories.
        
       | stepupmakeup wrote:
       | What's the point? Here's the tool, but the actual data? Sorry,
       | verified journalists only!
       | 
       | Is it just endless self-promotion for OP and their cybercriminal
       | gang (not sure why someone would admit to such) masquerading as
       | the "good guys"?
        
         | OneDeuxTriSeiGo wrote:
         | It's a data leak that was posted publicly online. Yes
         | DDoSSecrets restricts access to verified journalists and
         | security researchers but if you don't fall under that criteria
         | you can always just get it the old fashioned way by digging
         | around for torrents of data leaks like everyone else has done
         | since forever.
        
           | ipsum2 wrote:
           | Isn't DDoSSecrets the only one that has access to the
           | hacked/downloaded dataset, so there wouldn't be other copies
           | floating around unless someone else simultaneously downloaded
           | the dataset at the same time?
           | 
           | Someone can prove me wrong by dropping a magnet link. :)
        
       | tamirmag wrote:
       | Does the importer validate heapdump JSON and flag malformed
       | records before they reach PostgreSQL?
        
       | throw10920 wrote:
       | I'm hoping that this will be yet another shot in the war to
       | convice corporations and government agencies that they need to
       | have on-prem data hosting that isn't accessible to the company
       | running the service. I don't think you can do full E2E between
       | individual employees in a corporate setting, but at the very
       | least if all of the organization's data is _only_ accessible to
       | the organization, that 'll help with a lot of these third-party
       | data beaches.
       | 
       | (it won't help when the organization is beached, which
       | unfortunately still seems to be the main way that user data gets
       | leaked)
       | 
       | Ultimately, though, until there starts to be federal law
       | mandating chain of custody for user data and harsh penalties on
       | it being leaked, I think that this will continue for a long
       | time...
       | 
       | Update: I should have read the article - did not realize
       | TeleMessage was _supposed_ to be E2E. I guess now the lesson is
       | that you shouldn 't be using normal devices for national security
       | information (classified or not), and otherwise it's still not
       | good to use a sketchy service that doesn't have Moxie-grade
       | crypto implementations.
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | If a company knows something about you, so does the
         | government(s).
         | 
         | This is exactly the state of affairs the government prefers.
         | 
         | Privacy and consumer protection long died on the altar of
         | turnkey totalitarian universal monitoring.
         | 
         | By having corps do the creepiest data collection, whatever all
         | political opposition to the complete surveillance state is
         | bypassed
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Just so long as every once in a while, they convince some
           | junior senator to hold a hearing to throw some executive at
           | them that will use it as a way of earning clout within the
           | company and no one cares about the outcome. The junior
           | senator will lament about their political opponents, the
           | committee will pat itself on the back for doing their job,
           | the corporate crony will report back to the board that they
           | delivered the talking points, and it will go right back to
           | business as usual.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _if a company knows something about you, so does the
           | government(s)_
           | 
           | The constant litigation between the government and private
           | companies over records requests should put this hypothesis to
           | bed.
        
             | AtlasBarfed wrote:
             | The black box rooms in the telecom forms two decades ago
             | beg to differ
             | 
             | What you are talking about is small fry law enforcement.
             | 
             | If you don't think the new has total access to the
             | databases of the thousands of social network and
             | advertising/data collection firms, I don't know what to
             | tell you.
             | 
             | Maybe something totally encrypted, but even then there is
             | hardware backdoors, and the NSA can simply pay an employee
             | to legally let them in.
        
               | globie wrote:
               | They only need to pay off or install a single employee to
               | get total or near-total access. Consider this chart from
               | 2013 showing when various tech companies were added to
               | PRISM:
               | 
               | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Prism
               | _sl...
               | 
               | A lot of the companies embattled in the "constant
               | litigation" mentioned by the GP are featured in this very
               | chart.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _lot of the companies embattled in the "constant
               | litigation" mentioned by the GP are featured in this very
               | chart_
               | 
               | Yup. A great first step towards understanding these
               | systems is to disaggregate the monoliths of these
               | enterprises and the U.S. government into their power
               | centres.
        
               | globie wrote:
               | Do you believe the disaggregation of those monoliths
               | helps to put the "hypothesis to bed"? It sure seems like
               | you were listing "constant litigation" over "records
               | request" as counterevidence of the claim that "if a
               | company knows something about you, so does the
               | government(s)".
               | 
               | If anyone in the U.S. government is extracting data from
               | companies in a manner which is unlawful or should be (and
               | they sure are), I see that as strong evidence of the
               | hypothesis. Pointing out that local agencies may have to
               | fight for their access in court doesn't change that it
               | "is exactly the state of affairs the government prefers".
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _sure seems like you were listing "constant litigation"
               | over "records request" as counterevidence of the claim
               | that "if a company knows something about you, so does the
               | government(s)"_
               | 
               | Yes. Just because the NSA _can_ access some data doesn't
               | mean the entire federal government, including the NSA,
               | has it.
               | 
               | > _local agencies may have to fight for their access_
               | 
               | The White House is fighting Harvard for student records.
               | I don't think people appreciate the degree to which
               | information is siloed, intentionally and unintentionally,
               | in the federal government. (It's what led to DOGE likely
               | committing multiple felonies.)
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | To the extent that this is the case, or more importantly, can
           | become the case, that is why the concept of data parsimony is
           | important:
           | https://martinfowler.com/bliki/Datensparsamkeit.html
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23710925
        
             | throw10920 wrote:
             | This is a beautiful word for a useful concept, thank you!
        
           | throw10920 wrote:
           | This is pretty significantly off-topic, but I'll respond
           | anyway:
           | 
           | (a) That's one of the reasons why it's important to restrict
           | corporate data collection in _addition_ to state data
           | collection; and
           | 
           | (b) In the vast majority of cases, the US government at
           | least, has to obtain a warrant to collect data on US
           | citizens, so those two sets are _not_ the same
           | 
           | I _agree_ with the idea that most governments around the
           | world have far more access to corporate data than they
           | should, but I wouldn 't go as far as to say that they have
           | _complete_ access (with caveats - the US has more protections
           | than most of the rest of the world, for instance, and China
           | has far less).
        
             | globie wrote:
             | >In the vast majority of cases, the US government at least,
             | has to obtain a warrant to collect data on US citizens, so
             | those two sets are not the same
             | 
             | If only that were true[0][1][2][3].
             | 
             | [0] (2022): https://fedscoop.com/dhs-buying-personal-data-
             | from-govt-cont...
             | 
             | [1] (2023): https://www.congress.gov/118/meeting/house/1161
             | 92/documents/...
             | 
             | [2] (2024): https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/26/tech/the-nsa-
             | buys-americans-i...
             | 
             | [3] (2025): https://theintercept.com/2025/05/22/intel-
             | agencies-buying-da...
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | I don't understand the value proposition of TeleMessage. Uses
       | Signal but defeats the point of using Signal. Why not use a
       | proper centralized chat with actual retention and encryption?
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | Considering they accidentally included a journalist,
         | compatibility with the existing user network. If you need
         | logged chat with normal Signal users, TeleMessage would
         | probably be the way to do this.
        
         | ls612 wrote:
         | You might be subject to compliance requirements for archival
         | but also want to talk to other people who use signal.
        
           | kevincox wrote:
           | For example DC Police may have confidential informants who
           | would be best to use Signal because that isn't unusual. But
           | the people there are communicating need to retain the
           | communication.
        
             | whatshisface wrote:
             | So basically, you tell at-risk people they're E2E, but keep
             | a copy on whatever storage system you want to use and send
             | another to your friends.
        
               | ls612 wrote:
               | E2EE's biggest use case is preventing the government from
               | reading your messages. If you are messaging the
               | government (or are in the government) then this isn't
               | relevant.
        
               | mingus88 wrote:
               | This has always been possible with screenshots. SGNL is
               | just an enterprise solution.
               | 
               | At the end of they day you need to trust who you are
               | talking to and never over share.
        
               | kevincox wrote:
               | E2E means that the messaging provider can't read the
               | messages. The receiver can still see the messages and do
               | whatever they want with them.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | This is the fundamental problem that end-to-end
               | encryption doesn't solve, right? If the person on the
               | other end is malicious or really dumb they can still leak
               | your messages.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | I wonder if it is just organizations that don't really care
         | about anything other than brand name (signal is known as pretty
         | good, right) and CYA.
         | 
         | Like it might legitimately be the case that you personally have
         | expended more brainpower trying to understand the decision than
         | they put into making it.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | This is probably it.
           | 
           | Or there might be an issue with trusting their own IT
           | departments. With Signal they don't even have to trust Signal
           | (haha, but they might think that you know).
           | 
           | There's another possibility: NSA told them to use Signal w/
           | TeleMessage so that NSA could see everything because they
           | have an agreement with TeleMessage or because NSA knows about
           | all these vulns in TeleMessage.
           | 
           | There's other possibilities too.
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | Most people don't care about anonymous communication. The
         | agendas of those who do vary.
         | 
         | Signal is essentially iMessage that works in Android for all
         | intents. Supporting it lets you communicate with outside
         | entities. Otherwise the only mechanism to do so is email, which
         | is problematic at best.
         | 
         | Government and finance are required by law to archive and audit
         | communications. Some companies do anyway to keep tabs on staff.
        
         | btown wrote:
         | If you need your partners/bankers/salespeople/cabinet-level
         | officials etc. to be able to converse with their clients on the
         | E2E encrypted systems those clients already use, like WhatsApp
         | and Signal, but maintain retention for legal or internal data-
         | mining reasons, the only way to do that is to have a modified
         | client, perhaps cracked or forked from an official client, that
         | speaks the same wire protocol, but copies messages to separate
         | storage.
         | 
         | Now, such a system could be set up to route those copied
         | messages in a separately E2E-encrypted way to the client's in-
         | house/on-prem archival systems, and have the client be
         | responsible for implementing decryption and secure storage at
         | rest. But it's far easier to just sell a centralized cloud-
         | based archival/retrieval system - which must necessarily be
         | able to decrypt messages, and thus makes for an incredibly
         | juicy target.
         | 
         | Given the supply-chain risks of the provider offering the
         | customized clients anyways, one would expect them to have a
         | strong security focus... but it certainly seems this was not
         | the case.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _the only way to do that is to have a modified client_
           | 
           | My firm requires screenshots. If the concern is that someone
           | would bypass that, well, someone could bypass TeleMessage,
           | too.
        
             | mingus88 wrote:
             | One has to wonder what type of legal requirement this
             | satisfies.
             | 
             | It certainly wouldn't hold up to the "beyond a reasonable
             | doubt" standard for US criminal prosecution.
             | 
             | I've been exposed to "lit holds" for various document
             | management system before and usually a third party such as
             | Box or Microsoft can attest to the immutability of files
             | placed under lit hold, and/or there is an audit trail to
             | make sure the chain of custody is intact.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _what type of legal requirement this satisfies_
               | 
               | Typically between commercially reasonable and best
               | efforts.
               | 
               | > _been exposed to "lit holds" for various document
               | management system before_
               | 
               | I think these are held to a higher standard than run-of-
               | the-mill securities compliance.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | > Why not use a proper centralized chat with actual retention
         | and encryption?
         | 
         | This is the right question to ask. It might be that such a
         | thing doesn't quite exist in the way that the customers want
         | (doubtful; Slack should work just fine), or more likely it
         | might be a cultural issue (that Signal is ingrained in some of
         | these executives' minds as _the_ secure system to use, and/or
         | that they don't want Slack/Whatever to be the service provider
         | for IM _and_ the service provider for retention, or that they
         | don't want Slack/Whatever with on-prem services because they
         | don't trust their own IT, etc.).
         | 
         | Obviously TeleMessage's value add is to add retention to
         | Signal, which defeats the point of Signal. That leads me to
         | think that the motivation is cultural.
        
       | klooney wrote:
       | Heap dumps on the Internet. Java ecosystem has some criminal
       | defaults.
        
       | klooney wrote:
       | https://shewantstheisrd.myshopify.com/products/clean-on-opse... I
       | found the sticker
        
         | 9dev wrote:
         | That one is pure gold.
        
       | FilosofumRex wrote:
       | Sooo, Tik Tok is a national security threat but TeleMessage is
       | government approved app. It's illegal to spy on Americans, unless
       | it passes through Israeli channels.
       | 
       | I wonder how much Israel charges for selling our secrets to the
       | Chinese.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | Obviously, it isn't about that. Our government just doesn't
         | want anyone but them spying on its citizens.
        
           | ujkhsjkdhf234 wrote:
           | It isn't even about that. Tiktok is taking market share from
           | FAANGs. Zuckerberg has spent a pretty penny on this Tiktok
           | disinformation campaign and if you look at the members of
           | Congress behind the ban Tiktok bill, most of them purchased
           | huge amounts of Meta stock before introducing it to Congress.
           | It's corruption all the way down.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > Zuckerberg has spent a pretty penny on this Tiktok
             | disinformation campaign
             | 
             | There's more than enough reports from outside the US that
             | credibly allege TikTok is a critical factor in the
             | radicalization and recruitment of the far-right and
             | militant Islamism [1][2][3].
             | 
             | Conspiracies about Zuckerberg wanting to dunk on a
             | competitor aside (that may or may not be real, and I'm
             | heavily inclined to believe they are true), the threat from
             | TikTok is _real_ , this application needs to be
             | exterminated at all cost before China completely tears
             | apart our society.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.bpb.de/lernen/digitale-
             | bildung/werkstatt/560523/...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/deutschland/radi
             | kalis...
             | 
             | [3] https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/regional/hessen/hr-
             | wandern-...
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | Both assertions can be true at the same time
        
               | ujkhsjkdhf234 wrote:
               | > There's more than enough reports from outside the US
               | that credibly allege TikTok is a critical factor in the
               | radicalization and recruitment of the far-right and
               | militant Islamism [1][2][3].
               | 
               | You can find literature to support that claim for
               | Youtube, Facebook, and Twitter, not just Tiktok. The
               | Making of a Youtube Radical was a big story back in 2019.
               | Facebook won the election for Trump in 2016. Twitter is
               | owned by a Nazi who routinely boost far-right conspiracy
               | theories.
               | 
               | The answer isn't banning Tiktok but passing strong
               | privacy and data legislation that affects all social
               | media platforms. Not just Tiktok. US social media
               | companies have been pulling on the seams of society far
               | before Tiktok arrived.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | At least we can tackle Meta, Google and Twitter with
               | domestic courts (and the EU is already turning the
               | screws). With Tiktok, we have about zero ways to
               | influence them. Straight Chinese propaganda right in the
               | brains of our children.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > With Tiktok, we have about zero ways to influence them.
               | 
               | I could swear the US passed a law targeted at TikTok last
               | year. The law was precisely targeted to prevent any
               | collateral damage on any of the American social media
               | companies that are guilty of most or all the bad behavior
               | leveled against TikTok.
        
               | mullingitover wrote:
               | > At least we can tackle Meta, Google and Twitter with
               | domestic courts
               | 
               | We _don 't_, and we _won 't_ (and these platforms are
               | just as easily manipulated as TikTok), but we _can_ , and
               | that's what matters.
        
         | landl0rd wrote:
         | The former is controlled by the most notable enemy of America.
         | The latter is shitware that the government was stupid to buy.
         | They are both threats to national security but in different
         | ways and the government being stupid about TeleMessage doesn't
         | mean it should ignore the threat of tik tok.
        
         | TiredOfLife wrote:
         | TikTok thing was about it being a mass media that was
         | distribution Chinese and Russian propaganda and whose
         | leadership was outside US jurisdiction.
        
       | specproc wrote:
       | What seemed to be interesting from the email addresses disclosed
       | is that there are a hell of a lot of people engaged in finance,
       | investment or trading of one sort or another.
       | 
       | There are a few there with enough emails for it to be relatively
       | widespread within the institution: Scotiabank, JPMorgan, KKR and
       | Jeffries stand out -- Scotiabank has hundreds of emails, I
       | imagine they're having a bad week. Also a lot of energy stuff,
       | Aramco, Total.
        
         | jxjnskkzxxhx wrote:
         | Do you understand how emails come into this? I thought signal
         | used only phone numbers...
        
           | tough wrote:
           | Since TeleMessage is not really signal but just a front the
           | israelis want your email to signup (its mostly an enterprise
           | service, so you either pay and they know who you are already)
           | etc
           | 
           | this is like slack for signal
        
       | heywoods wrote:
       | From the other article which shared the email domains found in
       | the heap. Sorry in advance for the poor formatting.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Source: `https://micahflee.com/telemessage-customers-include-dc-
       | polic...`
       | 
       | ### I. Industry Breakdown
       | 
       | *Financial Services (Dominant):* This is by far the most
       | represented sector. It encompasses a wide array of sub-sectors:
       | 
       | * *Investment Banking & Brokerage:* A large number of domains
       | belong to global and regional investment banks, interdealer
       | brokers, and brokerage firms. * Examples: `jefferies.com`,
       | `morganstanley.com`, `cantor.com`, `tpicap.com`, `bgcg.com`,
       | `rjobrien.com`, `clarksons.com` (shipping finance/brokerage)
       | 
       | * *Asset & Investment Management:* Numerous firms managing
       | diverse asset classes for institutional and private clients are
       | present. * Examples: `kkr.com`, `aresmgmt.com`, `pimco.com`,
       | `nuveen.com`, `franklintempleton.com`, `apg-am.com`
       | 
       | * *Banking (Commercial & Private):* Major multinational and
       | regional banks are included, covering commercial, private, and
       | retail banking. * Examples: `jpmorgan.com`, `bbva.com`,
       | `cibc.com`, `scotiabank.com` (and its numerous regional
       | variations), `bradescobank.com`, `safra.com`,
       | `standardbank.co.za`, `dbank.co.il`
       | 
       | * *Wealth Management:* Firms specializing in wealth advisory for
       | high-net-worth individuals are visible. * Examples:
       | `gentrustwm.com`, `boltonglobal.com`, `rohrpwm.com`
       | 
       | * *Cryptocurrency & Digital Assets:* A significant and growing
       | sub-sector, with exchanges, trading firms, and investment
       | managers focusing on digital assets. * Examples: `coinbase.com`,
       | `galaxydigital.io`, `b2c2.com`, `hiddenroad.com`,
       | `aminagroup.com` (formerly SEBA), `panteracapital.com`
       | 
       | * *Fintech & Financial Technology:* Companies providing
       | technology solutions for the financial industry, including
       | trading platforms and compliance tools. * Examples: `smarsh.com`,
       | `telemessage.com`, `interactivebrokers.com`
       | 
       | * *Venture Capital & Private Equity:* A strong showing of firms
       | investing across various stages and sectors, from early-stage
       | tech to large buyouts. * Examples: `a16z.com`, `sequoiacap.com`
       | (implied), `vistaequitypartners.com`, `lcatterton.com`,
       | `ardian.com`, `tigerglobal.com`, `tcv.com`, `bitkraft.vc`,
       | `blockchaincapital.com`
       | 
       | *Energy & Commodities:* This sector is well-represented by:
       | 
       | * *Trading Houses:* Global and regional commodity traders dealing
       | in oil, gas, metals, and agricultural products. * Examples:
       | `vitol.com`, `gunvorgroup.com`, `eni.com` (also integrated),
       | `amerexenergy.com`, `amius.com`, `pvm.co.uk`
       | 
       | * *Energy Companies (Integrated & Exploration/Production):* Major
       | oil and gas companies and related services. * Examples:
       | `totalenergies.com`, `petrobras.com`, `marathonpetroleum.com`,
       | `p66.com`, `aramcotrading.us`
       | 
       | *Government & Public Sector:* Primarily U.S. government entities,
       | including:
       | 
       | * *Federal Agencies:* * Examples: `cbp.dhs.gov` (Customs and
       | Border Protection), `usss.dhs.gov` (Secret Service), `dfc.gov`
       | (Development Finance Corporation), `who.eop.gov` (White House
       | Office)
       | 
       | * *Local Government:* * Example: `dc.gov` (District of Columbia
       | Government)
       | 
       | *Technology (Non-Fintech Focus):* While many tech firms are
       | Fintech-related, some general software and IT service providers
       | are present. * Examples: `nice.com`, `nebari.com`, `vlmsofts.com`
       | 
       | *Consulting:* A smaller representation, often specialized. *
       | Example: `soteriasolutions.us` (safety/threat management)
       | 
       | *Real Estate:* Investment and advisory firms in the real estate
       | sector. * Examples: `eastdilsecured.com`, `digitalbridge.com`
       | (digital infrastructure)
       | 
       | *Shipping & Logistics:* Companies involved in shipping brokerage
       | and services. * Examples: `clarksons.com`, `mcquilling-
       | energy.com`, `freightinvestor.com`
       | 
       | ### II. Geographical Breakdown (Based on domain extensions and
       | company descriptions)
       | 
       | * *United States (Dominant):* A very large portion of the
       | entities are U.S.-based or have significant U.S. operations. This
       | is evident from the high number of `.com` domains associated with
       | American companies and the presence of `.gov` domains. * Major
       | financial centers like New York and tech hubs in California are
       | implicitly represented (e.g., `aresmgmt.com`, `kkr.com`,
       | `a16z.com`, `morganstanley.com`).
       | 
       | * *Canada:* A strong presence, particularly Scotiabank and its
       | various divisions, along with other financial and tech firms. *
       | Examples: `scotiabank.com`, `scotiabank.ca` (implied),
       | `cibc.com`, `bitbuy.ca`, `wonder.fi`
       | 
       | * *United Kingdom:* Well-represented in finance (banking,
       | brokerage, asset management) and commodities. London's role as a
       | global financial hub is evident. * Examples: `cantor.co.uk`,
       | `pvm.co.uk`, `ubauk.com`, `hbluk.com`, `rmb.co.uk`,
       | `amcgroup.com`
       | 
       | * *Latin America:* Several domains indicate operations or focus
       | in this region, with Scotiabank having a particularly strong
       | showing. * *Mexico:* `scotiabank.com.mx`, `scotiacb.com.mx`,
       | `scotiawealth.com.mx` * *Chile:* `scotiabank.cl`,
       | `larrainvial.com` * *Peru:* `scotiabank.com.pe` * *Colombia:*
       | `scotiabankcolpatria.com` * *Brazil:* `br.scotiabank.com`,
       | `petrobras.com.br`, `bradescobank.com`, `itaubba.eu` (European
       | arm of Brazilian bank) * *Panama:* `pa.scotiabank.com`
       | 
       | * *Europe (excluding UK):* * *France:* `totalenergies.com`,
       | `ardian.com`, `mbcfrance.com` * *Switzerland:* `seba.swiss` /
       | `aminagroup.com`, `hnwag.com`, `itau.ch` * *Monaco:*
       | `tyruscap.mc` * *Netherlands:* `apg-am.com` * Other European
       | presences through global firms (e.g., `itaubba.eu`).
       | 
       | * *Asia:* Highlighting its role as a financial hub. * *Hong
       | Kong:* `apg-am.hk` * *Singapore:* `apg-am.sg`, `gfigroup.com.sg`,
       | `icap.com.sg`, `sg.pimco.com`, `traditionasia.com` * *Japan:*
       | `mitsui.com`, `tullettprebon.co.jp`, `smbcgroup.com` * *Israel:*
       | `dbank.co.il`, `fibi.co.il`, `opco.co.il`, `nice.com` *
       | *Indonesia:* `miraeasset.co.id`
       | 
       | * *Middle East:* * *UAE:* `freightinvestor.ae`,
       | `aramcotrading.us` (US trading arm of Saudi Aramco) * General
       | presence of firms like Alpha Wave Global with strong ties to the
       | region.
       | 
       | * *Africa:* * *South Africa:* `standardbank.co.za`
       | 
       | * *Global:* Many firms operate globally, even if headquartered in
       | a specific country (e.g., `a16z.com`, `kkr.com`,
       | `morganstanley.com`).
       | 
       | ### III. Notable Trends & Observations
       | 
       | * *Dominance of Financial Services:* The sheer volume of
       | financial sector domains underscores its significant role in this
       | context. * *Globalization of Finance:* Many financial
       | institutions have multiple country-specific domains (e.g.,
       | Scotiabank, PIMCO, ICAP/TP ICAP), reflecting international
       | operations. * *Rise of Digital Assets:* Numerous cryptocurrency
       | exchanges, traders, and VCs focused on Web3 indicate the growing
       | institutionalization of this asset class. * *Concentration of
       | Energy Trading:* A significant number of specialized energy and
       | commodity trading firms are present. * *Venture Capital Focus on
       | Technology:* Many VC firms listed are known for investments in
       | technology and, increasingly, blockchain/crypto. * *Government
       | Presence:* Inclusion of U.S. federal and local government domains
       | suggests interactions with these regulatory or administrative
       | bodies. * *Prevalence of `.com`:* Despite geographical diversity,
       | `.com` remains the most common top-level domain. * *Personal
       | Email Addresses (`gmail.com`):* The presence of a few Gmail
       | addresses (6 emails) is minor but indicates not all
       | communications are necessarily from official corporate domains.
       | 
       | ---
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-05-26 23:00 UTC)