[HN Gopher] Big banks explore venturing into crypto world togeth...
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       Big banks explore venturing into crypto world together with joint
       stablecoin
        
       Author : wslh
       Score  : 72 points
       Date   : 2025-05-23 17:34 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wsj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wsj.com)
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | https://archive.is/Sm2ma
        
       | nailer wrote:
       | This feels inevitable. Right now stables are dominated by Circle
       | and Tether (depending whether you're inside or outside the US),
       | with a little PayPal, Sky and other orgs. USDT isn't
       | headquartered in the US, banks don't want to assist
       | paxos/coinbase (Circle) and if retail banks can now hold and
       | stake tokens they'll probably want their own stablecoin.
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | The question is whether the banks actually find uses for their
         | own stablecoin, or if it just becomes another thing deployed
         | into the crypto ecosystem.
        
           | tonyhart7 wrote:
           | "The question is whether the banks actually find uses for
           | their own stablecoin"
           | 
           | if they start buying and Pumping bitcoin, it would be so
           | funny
        
       | crawsome wrote:
       | You thought banks laundered money to druglords and dictators,
       | before? just wait until they have their own currency.
        
         | metalman wrote:
         | yes,that, and something else has got there attention in the
         | apearance of a new demographic, who remember bieng in a bank
         | once as a child with a parent, do have online banking, that is
         | only used to cash out random deposits from all over, live in
         | upscale areas, debit/credit purchases limited to essentials,
         | and can be heard laughing about how quaint money and banks are
         | in almost any hipster coffee shop anywhere. relevance, and the
         | future proofing of that likely that a significant number of
         | bank employies have the bulk of there portfolio.....elsewhere
        
       | hanniabu wrote:
       | How far we've come from HN shouting blockchain has no usecase
        
         | abxyz wrote:
         | What exactly are blockchains being used for in the real world?
         | 
         | Specific to this story: most of the world has instant payments
         | without using blockchains or stablecoins, it's only the U.S.
         | where the banking system somehow hasn't realised they can do
         | instant payments using traditional banking technology.
         | 
         | Anyone posting that they're skeptical about the use cases for
         | blockchains on HN 10 years ago will have the same skepticism
         | now. Nothing has changed.
        
         | sebstefan wrote:
         | >Banks see an opportunity for stablecoins to speed up more
         | routine transactions, such as cross-border payments that can
         | take days in the traditional payments system
         | 
         | Nothing that crypto is needed for
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | Blockchain (shared tamper-evident ledgers) has many, many use
         | cases.
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency has just one.
        
           | smeej wrote:
           | Ask the U.S. how important it is to be the world's default
           | currency before you go ignoring the value of getting that one
           | thing _right._
        
           | sfblah wrote:
           | Examples of blockchain use cases?
        
           | constantcrying wrote:
           | Can you name a concrete example?
           | 
           | I do not count money, as crypt is technically inferior to
           | non-blockchain based digital currencies.
        
         | hocuspocus wrote:
         | A permissioned stablecoin run by big tradfi players is by
         | definition not a blockchain.
        
       | highfrequency wrote:
       | May be looking at this the wrong way, but I thought the point of
       | stablecoins (as compared to normal USD) is that the banking
       | system is slow, expensive and cumbersome to transfer USD due for
       | regulatory reasons and perhaps legacy tech reasons.
       | 
       | If so, what is the point of stablecoins if the banks themselves
       | are running it? If regulations and technology are no longer an
       | issue, can't they just make USD transfers fast and easy? Why
       | bother with a wrapper around USD?
        
         | logifail wrote:
         | > the banking system is slow, expensive and cumbersome
         | 
         | I think you missed "profitable" from that list.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | What I have understood that banking as in the money handling
           | process is not that profitable. Keeping track of people
           | account and allowing them to do transfers is not that great.
           | Payment processing is better. But real money comes from
           | gambling and offering gambling services... Also known as
           | investing...
        
             | nilamo wrote:
             | > But real money comes from gambling and offering gambling
             | services... Also known as investing...
             | 
             | There's a huge gulf between a night at the poker tables,
             | and buying into a little of MSFT's dividend, and it's
             | really disengenuous to pretend they're the same.
        
               | Tryk wrote:
               | Yes, in one scenario when you lose the money you move on.
               | In the other, governments bail you out and you keep
               | gambling.
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | "can't they just make USD transfers fast and easy?"
         | 
         | its cause regulation???, easy and fast to moving money its good
         | until you got hack from state sponsored actor that you can't
         | even do anything (ehm ehm north korea ehm)
         | 
         | in seriousness, people can get away with billions of dollar and
         | "vanish" is wild world if you think about it.
        
           | pornel wrote:
           | UK _regulations_ forced banks to create APIs for money
           | transfers, and UK banks now have instant free transfers:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faster_Payments
           | 
           | USA is just bad at governing. Tries not to tell corporations
           | what to do, so it ends up with toothless half-assed laws that
           | do nothing except being a tool for regulatory capture.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | So your suggestion is that they build a new system that makes
         | USD transfers faster. Isn't that what they're doing?
         | 
         | If they want, then they can make banks the only entities who
         | can hold their stablecoin, and the whole thing would be
         | invisible to everyone else.
         | 
         | If they allow other people to hold the stablecoin directly,
         | then they could still have the invisible system with banks
         | holding it, plus there'd be extra capabilities on top, like
         | letting people use the coin in smart contracts.
        
         | yapyap wrote:
         | the point of crypto was "decentralization", banks getting
         | involved is not what they were initially meant for at all
        
           | bandoti wrote:
           | And the point of Bitcoin was a means of transacting, yet
           | people are just mining them and holding as an investment
           | asset!
           | 
           | Once AI takes over and these digital currencies are "smart"
           | and tightly integrated, we're going to be living in a Black
           | Mirror episode.
        
         | tm-guimaraes wrote:
         | Network.
         | 
         | Sending USD from random bank from random country to another
         | random bank from another random country is a network problem.
         | While it's solved by SEPA in EUR to EUR countries by pan
         | european clearing and settlement systems, out in the big world
         | it's not as simple. Specially considering cross-border.
         | 
         | You have to somehow get the payment message across banks and
         | decide on how to settle. It fundamentally a hard problem.
         | 
         | Stable cryptos put the message and settlement in the same
         | system and it's a global one (not just EU/wtv). The problem is
         | then, which stable crypto? The moment the Fed has a USD crypto,
         | our ECB has an Eur crypto, than that problem is solved. In the
         | meanwhile, joining a big stable usd crypto might still provide
         | you better remittance routes (and settlement) than sending
         | messages over swift.
         | 
         | Tldr: stablecoins solve remittance routing "edge cases", if the
         | stablecoin is adopted enough
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | What I have missed with stablecoins is that how they fix the
           | final settlement. That is say you send money from USA to say
           | Somalia or North Korea. Who in those countries will have
           | dollars most likely to give out for the stablecoin?
        
             | wildrice wrote:
             | Paper dollars are a common store of value in emerging
             | markets. Trading digital dollars for paper dollars, is
             | becoming as common as paper foreign exchange
        
             | kilimounjaro wrote:
             | In practice, everyone just has binance app and pays each
             | other stablecoins within that platform
        
             | xyzzy9563 wrote:
             | The final settlement inside Somalia or North Korea isn't
             | necessary because they can buy things from other countries
             | where those people can do the settlement. Just like if you
             | have US dollar bills in Somalia, they have value even if
             | there is no nearby ATM you can find to deposit them.
        
             | ahazred8ta wrote:
             | There are already hawala / xawala money transfer services
             | in Somalia that will exchange cryptocurrencies for physical
             | dollars or local currency, or load value onto a local phone
             | app. Does that answer your question?
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawala
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | So why are stablecoins needed if there is already a
               | system?
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | The banking system can move billions in seconds. Velocity is
         | only an issue for criminals and people trying to avoid taxes.
         | 
         | The people who are the thinkers in this space like to quack
         | like libertarians and look back fondly at the gold standard.
         | For better or for worse, they are driving US policy now. It's
         | one of the reasons why our government is setting the financial
         | and economic system on fire and destabilizing the dollar.
         | 
         | If you want to provide fan service to the idiots keeping you in
         | office, and get really really rich in this process, what do you
         | do? Pivot to crypto as there isn't enough gold to capitalize
         | the world, and outsource the new version of the fed to private
         | interests.
         | 
         | This is a way to stay relevant from the banks point of view in
         | what whatever this new world turns into. They add value because
         | there's inherent trust in day JPMC, UBS or Barclays versus some
         | random crypto bro company.
        
         | ForHackernews wrote:
         | I'm sure they're excited to offer bank accounts that don't pay
         | interest.
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | > If so, what is the point of stablecoins if the banks
         | themselves are running it? If regulations and technology are no
         | longer an issue, can't they just make USD transfers fast and
         | easy? Why bother with a wrapper around USD?
         | 
         | I think at a macro level, the key point is that banks were
         | initially unmotivated/uninterested in, and critical of crypto.
         | The long-term effort behind stablecoins to become compliant and
         | aligned with regulatory frameworks has now positioned them as
         | useful infrastructure. Today, banks can simply adopt or acquire
         | the benefits of a system they had no interest in building
         | themselves. The current US administration clearly helps.
        
         | dandanua wrote:
         | Don't try to be reasonable, this is not how cults and pyramid
         | schemes work in this world.
        
           | crystal_revenge wrote:
           | I've come to realize I was very wrong when I used to think
           | crypto was a scam and therefore would never succeed.
           | 
           | My error was in believing being a scam had any correlation
           | with whether or not something would be successful or not.
        
         | Yizahi wrote:
         | The point is absolute control of ALL accounts of some token and
         | every single token in said accounts from a central location.
         | And no, currently digital money are not even close in the level
         | of control.
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | I mean, to get negative but real.
         | 
         | The point is for banks to remain powerful in a world where
         | cryptocurrency is at thing; in other words, to subvert the
         | point of cryptocurrency.
        
       | thatguyagain wrote:
       | Isn't this what Ripple/XRP is intended for? I always wondered why
       | the banks wouldn't just create and own their own network instead
       | of relying on a 3rd party like that.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | That's what SWIFT is. It doesn't settle which is in the banks
         | interest (since they settle the transfers).
        
           | thatguyagain wrote:
           | Yes, for the settlement, sure. But I was referring to this:
           | 
           | "Banks see an opportunity for stablecoins to speed up more
           | routine transactions, such as cross-border payments that can
           | take days in the traditional payments system."
        
           | mousetree wrote:
           | There is no settlement in Swift itself as it's not network.
           | Swift is messaging only. Bank settlements would happen later
           | through networks like SEPA or Fedwire.
           | 
           | Ripple provides both messaging and settlement with XRP
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | but if bank moving to certain network, its not is just make it
         | a "new swift" system??
         | 
         | Gas fees would skyrocket and expensive again
        
       | Mengkudulangsat wrote:
       | Sounds like a race to the bottom.
       | 
       | First, there's Tether > We're the only option in town. Then,
       | there's Circle > We're more legit than Tether, we're based in the
       | US. Now, there's the banks > We're more legit than Circle, we're
       | banks!
       | 
       | Eventually, the Fed itself will start issuing stablecoins and
       | out-legitimize everyone else.
        
         | jmclnx wrote:
         | This, I it has been 17 years since the last big economic crash.
         | I guess the Banks need to make quick $ and cause another crash.
        
         | smeej wrote:
         | When Coinbase and Circle formed the CENTRE Consortium back in
         | 2018, they were extremely clear, at least internally, that they
         | were trying to build what would become FedCoin. They hoped
         | that, because USDC is already designed such that it can be
         | completely controlled by its issuers (they can freeze any
         | wallet at any time), by the time the Fed realized that CBDCs
         | were inevitable, they would just adopt the existing
         | "legitimate" leader rather than trying to roll their own.
        
         | wtmt wrote:
         | > Eventually, the Fed itself will start issuing stablecoins and
         | out-legitimize everyone else.
         | 
         | That would be a CBDC (Central Bank Digital Currency), which the
         | current administration doesn't seem to want. One advantage of
         | such a CBDC would be that central banks of other countries
         | could be persuaded to use them (for cross border payments and
         | transfers), whereas a stable coin issued and managed by a group
         | of banks would likely not have this advantage (not saying never
         | though).
        
           | hocuspocus wrote:
           | I fail to see what a CBDC and/or Fed sanctioned stablecoins
           | would achieve for entities outside the US that need to
           | transact in USD. It would essentially work the same as today
           | under a new name?
           | 
           | The point of a CBDC is government control over an increased
           | share of the money supply. Pretty irrelevant to USD balances
           | held by other central banks.
           | 
           | The point of a stablecoin for an entity with an American
           | banking license is... nothing?
        
         | Maken wrote:
         | Sounds like a race to the top. The issuer with the highest
         | credibility also has the crypto with the highest credibility.
        
         | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
         | > the Fed itself will start issuing stablecoins and out-
         | legitimize everyone else
         | 
         | That's doubtful everyone else will be out-legitimized ...
         | because ultimately the Fed will issue coins they can fully
         | control (freeze, delete, etc. whenever they wish so). That
         | doesn't make holding such money very valuable. A lot of people
         | understanding this concern will favor USDT or similar privacy
         | oriented coins and thus these coins will keep flourishing
         | (however USDC could disappear for this very reason).
        
       | Ekaros wrote:
       | The great trick with stablecoins is that you can take people's
       | money, but you can then refuse to give it back. Much harder to do
       | with real money.
        
         | tonyhart7 wrote:
         | most "real" money are just digital now adays
         | 
         | I think people don't know how hard to moving actual real money
         | in terms of millions to billions
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | Looking at Citi, it's not hard at all, they regularly
           | fatfinger sums like that left and right [0][1].
           | 
           | [0] https://edition.cnn.com/2025/02/28/investing/citigroup-
           | bank-...
           | 
           | [1] https://www.straitstimes.com/business/banking/citigroup-
           | acci...
        
         | wtmt wrote:
         | It's not much harder to do with real money. India, a country of
         | 1.3 billion people, did it in 2016 with "demonetisation" of
         | specific high value currency denominations. [1] Some people
         | died because they couldn't get their own money from the banks.
         | One could say that these people didn't get their money.
         | Millions lost jobs and their livelihood because they couldn't
         | get their money.
         | 
         | Other countries have done somewhat similar things over the last
         | century.
         | 
         | On the same topic, real currency can become or be made
         | worthless due to hyperinflation (and even normal inflation).
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Indian_banknote_demonet...
        
           | glitchc wrote:
           | Demonetization is not the same thing as stablecoins.
           | Countries are allowed to withdraw certain bank note
           | denominations and it's been done many times in the past.
           | 
           | In most countries where demonetization occurs, the central
           | bank continues to accept demonetized currency for the
           | foreseeable future, exchanging it for valid denominations at
           | par.
           | 
           | The government of India came down hard on corruption and tax
           | evasion, more politically motivated than anything. But then
           | people voted for it and the majority supported the process.
           | If they didn't, the government would have been discarded in
           | the next election.
        
             | cactacea wrote:
             | I visited India during that whole mess and one of the first
             | things I saw after I left the airport in Hyderabad was
             | massive lines of people waiting at every single ATM (that
             | still had cash anyway). Trying to change out USD was
             | literally impossible unless you were willing to accept
             | large notes - which were themselves pretty much useless.
             | Good luck getting a street vendor to accept a [?]2000 bill.
        
       | jbs789 wrote:
       | Banks are slow in large part because of systems built to support
       | the AML/KYC controls and fraud prevention. (Think about your wire
       | transfer getting screened etc). New banks do this more
       | efficiently but this is still the bottleneck.
       | 
       | A bank doing stablecoins will still need to implement these
       | controls.
       | 
       | Stablecoins only really work because they are outside the system.
        
         | lottin wrote:
         | Exactly. A 'stablecoin' that is regulation-compliant is
         | undistinguishable from a bank.
        
           | drexlspivey wrote:
           | Except you can send payments with an http request
        
             | zaik wrote:
             | A bank could easily provide such an API without any need
             | for a new coin.
        
               | solumos wrote:
               | Does that API support sending $50 to my unbanked aunt in
               | Mexico?
        
               | baq wrote:
               | Does Tether?
        
               | arccy wrote:
               | noone reputable would want to touch Tether and their
               | anti-regulation stance.
        
               | sethhochberg wrote:
               | I'm curious though, what would she do with that crypto
               | once she had it?
               | 
               | Presumably she'd need to exchange it for cash since
               | retail acceptance of crypto is pretty low, and the local
               | exchange place that takes WhateverStablecoin and hands
               | out cash is going to take some commission. And at that
               | point it seems like we've just reinvented Western Union
               | or Moneygram.
               | 
               | In your view is the advantage of the hypothetical
               | stablecoin way of doing this that it exists outside of
               | the money-transfer provider ecosystem until its actually
               | exchanged?
        
               | conception wrote:
               | Western Union exists, yes.
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | Or $10,000 to my flexibly financed uncle in Bogota?
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | Well, if you're big enough to be TBTF, then you can lever up
           | stablecoin risk because you know you'll be bailed out after
           | they let the little guys tank.
        
           | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
           | Except that you can do FX and global transfers much more
           | quickly and easily.
        
             | glitchc wrote:
             | Nah, most banks globally have a mechanism to send and
             | receive USD. That's sufficient for all use-cases.
        
               | solumos wrote:
               | > mechanism
               | 
               | The mechanism often involves correspondent banks, and is
               | generally pretty expensive ($25-$65).
               | 
               | For scale, we're talking about transfer fees measured in
               | cents with stablecoins.
        
               | glitchc wrote:
               | All of the cost is tied to compliance. A Swift message
               | costs pennies, it's the due diligence behind it that
               | banks charge for. Stablecoins will not change the
               | compliance requirements
        
               | thecupisblue wrote:
               | Yes, but the mechanism involves multiple banks in a chain
               | transferring money and messages between each other like
               | it's 1559. So if a single bank in the chain demands more
               | KYC or has an issue, it can take ages for the transaction
               | to sync.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Presumably on horseback with a leather satchel and a
               | bugle.
        
           | kiitos wrote:
           | Regulation-compliance is kind of a requirement for, well,
           | everything, stablecoin or otherwise, so not really sure what
           | the point is here...
        
             | conception wrote:
             | Stablecoins don't need to have proof of reserves or any
             | other normal regulatory requirements banks have.
        
               | hoppp wrote:
               | Circle has proof of reserves, fully regulated and I can
               | use USDC like a regular ERC20, so I think they want the
               | same.
        
         | piva00 wrote:
         | Curious what exactly differs between EU and USA to make
         | American transfers so inefficient time-wise. In the Eurozone
         | SEPA instant transfers are settled in seconds (usually under 10
         | seconds, with max 20 seconds allowed), and AML/KYC regulations
         | are quite strong.
        
           | hocuspocus wrote:
           | EU directives have forced banks to modernize at a pace that
           | wouldn't have been possible if we just let the free market
           | decide. There are downsides to the heavy regulatory
           | framework, for instance the unhealthy consolidation and size
           | of systemic banks. But we enjoy pretty advanced banking
           | services and arguably the most flourishing fintech ecosystem
           | by worldwide standards, mostly thanks to EU technocrats.
        
             | jorvi wrote:
             | The EU is also looking into creating a digital euro
             | ("eurocoin", so to speak). The basic idea being to break
             | the power and thus risk of systemic banks.
             | 
             | You'd have an account at the ECB that you can keep your
             | digital euros in and exchange to and for liquid euros.
             | You'd get the ECB interest rate.
             | 
             | Then if banks want to convince you to hold your eurocoin on
             | their wallet / exchange / stake it, they'd have to offer
             | better features and better interest than the ECB.
             | 
             | Sadly banks are in full swing trying to torpedo the
             | proposal with lobbying, to the point where there's a lot of
             | noise about the ECB only being allowed to be a facilitator
             | and not allowed to be actual competition to the bank, and
             | instead it's banks that should get the sole right to hold
             | digital euro accounts.
             | 
             | > But we enjoy pretty advanced banking services and
             | arguably the most flourishing fintech ecosystem by
             | worldwide standards
             | 
             | Interestingly enough the US does have very modern financial
             | institutions: credit unions. An American woman I met in
             | Vietnam and traveled together with for a bit had a Charles
             | Schwab account that had more features, more free overseas
             | withdrawals and a nicer mobile app than my Dutch bank. It
             | was almost on par with Revolut / N26 / Bunq.
        
               | solumos wrote:
               | > Interestingly enough the US does have very modern
               | financial institutions: credit unions. An American woman
               | I met in Vietnam and traveled together with for a bit had
               | a Charles Schwab account that had more features, more
               | free overseas withdrawals and a nicer mobile app than my
               | Dutch bank.
               | 
               | Charles Schwab is the 12th largest bank in the US by
               | assets.
               | 
               | I do agree that credit unions can be great, however, the
               | experience between them is wildly inconsistent. Some have
               | apps that barely work, and some have decent apps that are
               | a bit dated and clunky. The big banks generally have the
               | best UX/support/etc.
        
               | nayuki wrote:
               | > The EU is also looking into creating a digital euro
               | 
               | It's weird to call it a "digital euro" because the euro
               | is already digitized by traditional banks! At an existing
               | traditional bank, your balance is already a discrete
               | number. Money can be sent and received electronically on
               | communications networks without using physical media like
               | coins and bills and cheques.
        
             | roenxi wrote:
             | > EU directives have forced banks to modernize at a pace
             | that wouldn't have been possible if we just let the free
             | market decide
             | 
             | 1) Is that automatically good? Damn those capitalists and
             | their slow and steady approach to major changes, I suppose.
             | Wouldn't want to proceed too thoughtfully.
             | 
             | 2) The free market in banking looks pretty much exactly
             | like the crypto ecosystem. As people often put it,
             | speedrunning banking history. The only thing slowing the
             | financial institutions down is the regulation (which is
             | pretty much the pro-regulation argument of "if we don't
             | regulate it they'll do a bunch of stupid things too
             | quickly").
             | 
             | There isn't something of a free market in banking but the
             | limitations are extreme enough that it is more of a heavily
             | mixed to centralised one. Interest rates are managed by a
             | central committee and banks provide any colour of service
             | you like as long as it is black. Typically heavy KYC
             | regulations to link the system to law enforcement and state
             | intelligence systems. There is enough freedom to keep the
             | fees fair and a bit of flexibility in what the money gets
             | invested in which is pretty good. But for transaction speed
             | I'd actually be a little surprised if the banks were
             | allowed to control their own settlement timelines; I assume
             | going to quickly would start running in to KYC-style
             | compliance problems.
        
               | mathgeek wrote:
               | > 1) Is that automatically good? Damn those capitalists
               | and their slow and steady approach to major changes, I
               | suppose. Wouldn't want to proceed too thoughtfully.
               | 
               | Considering how long it's taken even the most progressive
               | regulations to be enacted, it's arguable that we've done
               | anything but proceed without thoughtfulness towards how
               | these changes affect the other 99% of the population.
               | 
               | We sure do spend a lot of time letting the wealthiest
               | folks skim those points off the top without spending any
               | more than they are required to by regulations, though.
        
           | edgarvaldes wrote:
           | Same in Mexico. I just did a bank transfer that took longer
           | than usual. It took around 10 minutes instead of 10 seconds.
           | It was unusual for me.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | The US has almost 4,500 banks and about the same number of
           | credit unions. They're subject to federal and state
           | regulation. That's a lot of complexity to manage.
           | 
           | However, there's FedNow immediate transfers, Zelle
           | (consortium of banks) immediate transfers, same day ach
           | (several batches daily), same day fed wire transfers within
           | banking hours, and that's just the faster options.
           | 
           | Decentralized systemd are slow to act and slow to change,
           | which is why all of the faster banking initiatives tend to
           | involve a centralized element.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Zelle is a frontend to ACH with some creative accounting
             | until the actual transfer clears.
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | Right. FedNow really is "now", which makes the fraud
               | problem worse. FedNow is currently handling about a half-
               | billion dollars a day, which is not much for that
               | industry.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | The US has much more corruption so banks have been able to
           | bribe politicians into not requiring they provide low cost
           | services that would mean their executives have smaller boats.
        
           | arandomusername wrote:
           | just an additional note, the instant transfer is only up to
           | 15k euro
        
           | wbl wrote:
           | You really don't want one typo costing your entire bank
           | account as a consumer. Settlement delays permit easy
           | rollback.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | Partly it's true, but also all banks in the world are
         | fractional reserve / printing money from thin air from the
         | loans they got from bigger banks.
         | 
         | If the big US banks are successful, they can have their own one
         | huge fractional reserve that can be used by people around the
         | world.
        
           | hocuspocus wrote:
           | Not only this isn't how banks work, but also completely
           | irrelevant to moving money.
        
             | ta12653421 wrote:
             | Then whats your brief description of how banks create new
             | money?
             | 
             | While the wording was imprecise, actually this is what
             | banks are doing: Creating loans, based on the deposits of
             | customers.
        
               | hocuspocus wrote:
               | You wrote "from the loans they got from bigger banks"
               | which makes little sense.
               | 
               | Private banks create money by extending credit, that's
               | it. They worry later about reserve requirements, which in
               | the case of USD or EUR are extremely low.
               | 
               | And I still don't understand how this relevant in any way
               | to the topic.
        
               | ta12653421 wrote:
               | I wasnt the OP :)
               | 
               | They are expanding credit, but they need customer funds
               | on the central banking level to actually move away the
               | money the created on their local core banking; thats the
               | reason why banks needs customer funds: Without them,
               | their central bank account would be empty and they
               | couldnt transfer any money that they created. the
               | question regarding minimum reserve is another angle and
               | not relevant to the question of how money is technically
               | created and then transfered.
               | 
               | EDIT: for sure, they can also acquire central bank money
               | as a credit to make the payments transfer happen, but
               | usually its more easier and convenient to use customer
               | funds instead of borrowing from the central bank or on
               | the interbank level
        
               | hocuspocus wrote:
               | My bad. Sure it's easier and more convenient, and also
               | it's cheaper. But not entirely necessary.
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | I don't think that's true in this case. I would assume the bank
         | issuing the coin has to know the identity of the people they
         | sell it to. But once those people sell it on, it's not their
         | problem any more. Sure they could get an order to seize those
         | coins (/wallet) and would have to obey. But I don't think
         | they'd be required to kyc everyone on the network. Just their
         | immediate counterparties...
        
           | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
           | The idea is (as I understand it) that to get fiat (which is
           | presumably the end-goal) you need KYC, so if each node which
           | converts stablecoin-fiat then you have acceptable KYC. (I am
           | not a regulator though, so who knows?)
        
       | nickysielicki wrote:
       | If treasuries break all of this is going to unwind in a horrible
       | way. Stable _as opposed to what?_
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | Can you explain what you mean? Treasuries will continue to rise
         | until yields are in the double digits. That, to me, is a
         | foregone conclusion. How does this affect crypto, though?
        
           | ptero wrote:
           | Why do you expect the treasuries to rise into the double
           | digits? And over what timeframe?
        
             | IAmGraydon wrote:
             | Over at least the next 4 years due to increasing inflation
             | and erosion of faith in the US Government to honor its
             | debts. Basically, Trump.
        
       | sebstefan wrote:
       | >Banks see an opportunity for stablecoins to speed up more
       | routine transactions, such as cross-border payments that can take
       | days in the traditional payments system
       | 
       | Nothing that crypto is needed for
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | Yeah, why didn't they just use FedNow? /s
        
       | monero-xmr wrote:
       | Hacker news / YC mostly missed the boat on crypto. The comments
       | here are ignorant and misinformed. Lots of M&A happening now,
       | none of which is lining YC pockets. Pretty amazing how the
       | "smartest" people could be 100% wrong on crypto
        
         | supplied_demand wrote:
         | What is the goal of this comment? Who was wrong? What were they
         | wrong about? What percentage of crypto acquisitions involve
         | Web3?
         | 
         | Coinbase was in the Summer 2012 batch. 13 years ago seems like
         | a good sign that they weren't as ignorant as you claim. There
         | are currently 73 companies listed on YC as being crypto/Web3.
         | 
         | https://www.ycombinator.com/companies/industry/crypto-web3
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | Except they didn't as YC funded Coinbase.
         | 
         | But you are still correct that the majority of HN missed out on
         | crypto and thus are allergic to it and _now_ they are fans of
         | anything  "AI" despite not even knowing that "AGI" is a scam
         | with the real intention of causing a 10% increase in global
         | unemployment.
         | 
         | In fact, AI is more likely to be the cause of another financial
         | crash than crypto, once we see mass layoffs accelerating.
        
         | SureMethod wrote:
         | From your perspective, what are the most exciting or promising
         | developments in crypto right now that others might be missing?
         | I'm very interested to learn more.
        
           | kilimounjaro wrote:
           | Bitcoin gradually replacing the USD as the global reserve
           | currency is quite an exciting development
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | > Hacker news / YC mostly missed the boat on crypto.
         | 
         | I think the point is who won the bet with the current US
         | administration. Also remember that Coinbase was part of YC.
        
       | _heimdall wrote:
       | I've yet to understand the argument often made that we need a
       | stablecoin to replace fiat for faster or safer transactions.
       | 
       | US banks already create money out of thin air and a vast majority
       | of that money only exists in a database. If they want it faster
       | they could just do that.
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | Because cryptobros desperately need a legitimate reason crypto
         | is the future, and thus valuable, and definitely not a round of
         | tulipmania.
        
           | _heimdall wrote:
           | The argument isn't only made by cryptobros though.
           | 
           | Banks seem to be pointing at the same need and I just don't
           | see why. At best it gets around regulation if a stablecoin
           | isn't treated the same as fiat. With either, though, a bank
           | can already create and give out whatever they want and track
           | it in a database (all be it a more standard db and not a
           | blockchain or public ledger).
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Banks are run by finance people with a profit incentive.
             | They're susceptible to trends - see subprime lending and
             | CDOs in 2008 where even the big boys who _knew_ it was a
             | bad idea eventually started doing it.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | That still doesn't do it for me though.
               | 
               | Banks in the US are somewhere between a legally protected
               | monopoly and a racket. They would only make more money if
               | they can charge higher fees or convince the economy as a
               | whole to make more or larger transactions.
               | 
               | If banks could do either of those with a stablecoin they
               | could do it with USD, which again is effectively a
               | stablecoin that lives in the banks' private databases.
        
       | Geee wrote:
       | This is great news. Stablecoins issued by banks are much better
       | digital cash than CBDCs (central bank digital currency). EU is
       | currently trying very hard to implement their own CBDC, and
       | stablecoins will directly compete with it. A CBDC is basically a
       | stablecoin issued by a central bank. The problem is that this
       | digital cash would compete with currency in private bank
       | accounts, and ultimately bank accounts wouldn't be needed any
       | more. I think every bank must start issuing their own stablecoins
       | if they wish to stay in business.
       | 
       | Private banks issuing their own stablecoins will make the banking
       | system little bit closer to the free banking system [0], when
       | banks used to issue their own banknotes i.e. paper currency. This
       | is better, because every stablecoin could have their own risk
       | profile which is associated with the issuing bank, which would
       | lower the overall systemic risk.
       | 
       | On the other hand, a CBDC would be a move in the direction of
       | single-tier banks [1], which centralizes all money issuance to a
       | single bank.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_banking
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-tier_banking_system
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | Good luck with that given Lutnick is in this admin and has
       | financial ties to Tether.
        
       | thunkle wrote:
       | Just pointing out https://www.worldlibertyfinancial.com/ 60%
       | owned by the trump family and also Steve Witkoff (special envoy
       | to the middle east) just got funded $2B by the UAE.
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Liberty_Financial No
       | conflict of interest here??? Who runs the justice department? Who
       | is not supposed to receive gifts from foreign nationals
       | 
       | [Edit] corrected website URL.
        
         | qoez wrote:
         | I'm getting a phishing warning on that site but not on the one
         | with properly spelled financial so I'm guessing the one you
         | have is wrong
        
         | outside1234 wrote:
         | This will get worse and worse if we continue to not protest it
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | We have had some let big protests in the US, and they haven't
           | accomplished much. The two solutions that work are voting the
           | bastards out, and armed revolution. You better hope voting
           | works, because unfortunately armed revolution tends to end
           | with even worse people taking power, which the "second
           | amendment solution" folks somehow haven't realized.
        
         | ta12653421 wrote:
         | This is a SCAM site.
         | 
         | The correct one is: https://www.worldlibertyfinancial.com/
        
           | 6stringmerc wrote:
           | Actually, they both are scam sites! /s?
        
         | ujkhsjkdhf234 wrote:
         | This is biblical end of days level stuff.
        
       | scyclow wrote:
       | I think what a lot of people are missing about stablecoins is
       | that it's not just about clearing transactions faster than SWIFT.
       | With stablecoins you get programable money without having to deal
       | with the wild fluctuations of crypto.
       | 
       | A simple (and contrived) example: Let's say I want to send you
       | $100 on Tuesday, but only on even-numbered hours. This is a
       | trivially easy smart contract to write. Sure, you could do this
       | with crypto, but if you want to protect yourself against price
       | fluctuations it makes sense to use a stablecoin.
        
         | Yizahi wrote:
         | Yeah, great innovation. Also allows for many amazing and useful
         | features for us people, such as allowing these tokens to expire
         | and disappear from your account, or programming specific tokens
         | to be only transferable to specific accounts or for specific
         | goods, or for example controlling all token accounts in every
         | single country on earth from the central location. E.g. for
         | example Trump (assuming a USA stabletoken) not only sends you
         | to the Salvador death camp, but also blocks and confiscated all
         | your tokens and blocks you from ever having a token account in
         | the future, all with a single click from NY central bank. Or
         | replace the same with any other country and central bank.
         | 
         | Amazing utopia awaits for us, can't wait to take part in that
         | hell economy :)
        
           | GenshoTikamura wrote:
           | And we can clearly see that some people are defending their
           | utopia agressively by trying to fade your comment to gray
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | Sure, but banks can lock your account without the blockchain,
           | so you're not enabling any new dystopian behavior here. And
           | if you're worried that they can restrict your transaction
           | behavior, then don't hold that coin! Swap your money into a
           | stablecoin that doesn't have spending allowlist logic encoded
           | into the smart contract.
        
         | hiddencost wrote:
         | Or they could use fed now?
        
         | tacitusarc wrote:
         | This doesn't feel like a good thing to me. I can imagine a lot
         | of pretty abusive smart contracts.
        
           | NoahZuniga wrote:
           | How are you going to abuse sending other people money?
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | Like what? It's just a streamlined and versatile way to
           | escrow money.
        
         | only-one1701 wrote:
         | You could also do this with any other kind of API a bank might
         | expose? Why is crypto necessary here?
        
           | solumos wrote:
           | In this scenario, imagine that "you" are in a different
           | country or perhaps you don't have a bank account. Or maybe
           | you don't want to pay $10+ or X% to receive funds.
        
           | arccy wrote:
           | crypto isn't necessary... it's just that no bank wants to
           | take on the risk of exposing an api to the regular consumer.
        
           | xyzzy9563 wrote:
           | Crypto doesn't require 3rd party permission to send money or
           | verifying anyone's authenticity, real name, or legal
           | compliance. So it's much easier to build APIs around. If you
           | created banking APIs you'd need very extensive controls and
           | monitoring for anti-money laundering and so on.
        
           | bo1024 wrote:
           | One thing is stronger guarantees for the receiver, who can
           | verify that the smart contract will automatically transfer
           | the funds. Another is interoperability. The receiver can
           | write a contract to e.g. always donate half of that income to
           | a charity as soon as it is received every two hours. Another
           | is transparency and verifiability, anyone can check that the
           | receiver is giving half this income to charity.
           | 
           | Not trying to get pulled into any arguments about whether
           | cryptocurrency is good or bad, just some potential answers to
           | your question.
        
           | jrm4 wrote:
           | E.g. Automatic bill pay to a VPN. Now you have very good
           | anonymity.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | If you're making regular payments from a known wallet on a
             | public ledger, where is the anonymity coming from?
        
               | jrm4 wrote:
               | A known pseudonym doesn't destroy anonymity?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | It puts you one mistake or bit of misplaced trust away
               | from permanent de-anonymization. In our example, you have
               | to avoid ever using that wallet for anything else,
               | scrupulously fund it using mixers, and hope that your VPN
               | provider never does something which makes it possible to
               | link your activity to that wallet.
               | 
               | This is not realistic for the average person.
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | Sure, you could technically wire something together that does
           | this, but maybe the other party wants a strong reassurance
           | that the payment will actually go through. They don't want to
           | rely on your server making the right API call.
        
         | gs17 wrote:
         | > A simple (and contrived) example
         | 
         | What about a simple but not contrived example (or if no good
         | simple examples exist, a complex one)? Smart contracts are neat
         | but I'm not sure there's any real benefit, especially for banks
         | which likely don't need to do things without trusting each
         | other.
        
           | jrm4 wrote:
           | Not sure why op didn't go with "$100 on the 1st of every
           | month."
           | 
           | That's just "automatic bill pay" without a bank, etc.
        
             | scyclow wrote:
             | I wanted to pick an example that is _slightly_ more
             | complicated than what existing banking software provides
             | out of the box. But my point was that you can just write
             | your own logic without relying on the bank or another third
             | party.
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | I want to buy an event ticket from you, but we're strangers.
           | So I write a contract that releases the money to you once you
           | send the ticket, or vice versa.
        
             | cube00 wrote:
             | The ticket would have to be on the chain and you could then
             | see just how much TicketMaster was making and we can't have
             | that.
        
               | scyclow wrote:
               | Well, the good news is that you could also program event
               | ticketing logic with a blockchain and build a
               | TicketMaster competitor. But now we're venturing outside
               | simple examples :)
        
         | GenshoTikamura wrote:
         | Sending $100 on Tuesday only on even-numbered hours is not a
         | very likely use case for it.
         | 
         | Paying wages that are only valid for a month, are split into
         | parts which can only buy specific foods and goods inside a
         | geofenced zone and can't be tranfered to any other person are
         | much more likely.
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | I said it was a contrived example! But people have really
           | specific payment logic that doesn't seem to make much sense
           | from the outside.
           | 
           | What you're describing can only be achieved by encoding
           | specific logic into the coin's original contract, so you'd
           | know what you're getting yourself into ahead of time. And
           | this is tantamount to agreeing to be paid in a specific gift
           | card with a really small payment network. No need to get
           | crypto or stablecoins involved.
        
       | bearjaws wrote:
       | More centralization is good for bitcoin.
        
         | GenshoTikamura wrote:
         | As well as less independence from The Banksters. In other
         | words, it is the full reversal of the initial selling points
         | that is good for bitcoin.
         | 
         | So much for Satoshi's cryptoanarchy.
        
       | zkmon wrote:
       | I have seen banks doing this for about 10 years now. Some are at
       | an advanced stage. They tried multiple things - third-party
       | consortium chains, own coins, tokens etc. Now they are starting
       | to realize that the banks need not jump on the bandwagon of
       | public crypto or pegging to some chain. Collectively they can
       | build their own self-sustaining chains.
        
       | constantcrying wrote:
       | What is the point?
       | 
       | - Banks _should_ have controls over money that are impossible
       | with crypto. It is absolutely vital for any state to control
       | their own currency and the banks need methods to accomplish that.
       | 
       | - Why would banks need a decentralized ledger at all? It makes
       | literally no sense to have banks maintain such a ledger. Banks do
       | not need to solve the double spending problem and you can build a
       | digital currency without a block chain. Not as a theoretical, but
       | right now basically all my banking happens digitally, what is the
       | actual technical point of introducing a block chain to that?
        
         | hocuspocus wrote:
         | Regarding you second point, the funny thing about this space is
         | that most stablecoins don't even try or pretend to be
         | decentralized.
         | 
         | This news reads like big banks and other major traditional
         | finance players are building a database because FedNow doesn't
         | cut it somehow?
        
           | constantcrying wrote:
           | The decentralization is my steel man of the idea. If you
           | don't have to worry about the double spending problem,
           | choosing a block chain instead of a normal database is just
           | absurd.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Knowing banks, this will take much longer than 4-5 years to
       | architect. Then an additional 5 years to rollout.
       | 
       | This plan assumes the current mercurial administration stays
       | their course on stablecoin to replace USD as reserve currency and
       | future administrations also going along with it.
       | 
       | It's a massive gamble that depends on many variables.
       | 
       | For now, it's a PR move.
        
         | ujkhsjkdhf234 wrote:
         | >This plan assumes the current mercurial administration stays
         | their course on stablecoin to replace USD as reserve currency
         | and future administrations also going along with it.
         | 
         | You are operating on the assumption that there will be fair
         | election in 4 years and that Dems will retake the White House.
         | Both of those are unlikely. Trump has almost killed democrarcy
         | in 3 months. I'm sure he'll get the job done in another 3.75
         | years.
        
       | rthomas6 wrote:
       | I really wish someone would make a stablecoin not pegged to some
       | currency but to a basket of goods. A CPI-coin, if you will. How
       | would that work? Maybe similar to the programmatic way DAI works,
       | by collateralizing other assets in a way that make DAI some
       | desired price.
       | 
       | How cool would it be to have a decentralized coin that has zero
       | percent inflation.
        
         | hansvm wrote:
         | "zero-percent inflation" relative to some particular basket of
         | goods. If efficiencies and demand change to make that basket
         | relatively less expensive than other things you care about
         | (like land), you'll expect positive inflation in real terms.
         | Negative inflation is possible the other way (e.g., if other
         | baskets of goods wind up being more amenable to automation and
         | the demand curve isn't too inelastic).
        
         | kilimounjaro wrote:
         | On a long enough time scale, this is bitcoin, with an
         | additional NGU (number go up) characteristic which will persist
         | until it achieves saturating global adoption
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | Bitcoin is the purest form of fiat currency valued solely
           | based on social consensus, which is why it's so volatile.
           | Anchoring something based on real-world commodities would be
           | bad for speculators but much more likely to see real-world
           | adoption.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | Problems with pegs are that someone has to take other side. And
         | that side is often losing one. You peg something to current
         | amount of goods, but you have to be able to stand behind that
         | whatever happens to value of those goods... The value drops,
         | you made profit, the value massively increase. Now everyone is
         | wanting to redeem and you need to be good on promise or whole
         | thing collapses...
        
       | cariaso wrote:
       | If the GENIUS Act becomes the law, we're in for a FUBAR situation
       | when a stablecoin issuer ends up insolvent. Even more concerning,
       | if a bank custodian for a stablecoin issuer's reserves ends up
       | insolvent, the claims of the stablecoin investors will come ahead
       | of the bank depositors. That's right. Crypto comes ahead of ma-
       | and-pa.
       | 
       | https://www.creditslips.org/creditslips/2025/05/the-genius-a...
        
         | scyclow wrote:
         | I think this is why regulation is so important. As the GENIUS
         | Act is written, all funds backing the coin need to be held in
         | cash or Treasuries. And if they go bankrupt, coin holders would
         | have a higher claim on that money than creditors. If
         | stablecoins aren't regulated then what's to stop issuers from
         | creating stablecoin products without those protections?
        
       | 6stringmerc wrote:
       | Great timing! I'm sure they'll really enjoy being targeted to be
       | the next hop in the cat-and-mouse game of illicit substances and
       | money laundering enterprises /s. LEOs are getting a lot more up
       | to speed with these systems from what I've seen in the past
       | couple years. Highly regulated industries like banking should
       | have a really, really, really strong "use case" to get in other
       | than FOMO in my opinion.
        
       | SubiculumCode wrote:
       | Violating the separation of banking from speculative investment
       | never hurt anyone /s
       | 
       | Same God damn story, over and over, but with the inevitable
       | bailout. Heads I win, tails you lose.
        
       | jcfrei wrote:
       | A lot of people here rightfully questioning what's the use case
       | of stablecoins. US dollars on a bank account essentially just
       | represent a claim backed by a bunch of government debt - ie. US
       | treasuries. But what if these treasuries became undesirable?
       | Either because inflation runs very high or the creditworthiness
       | of the issuer is questionable? what if - as a result - we have to
       | build a financial system not based on government issued debt -
       | but private (ie. corporate) debt? suddenly stablecoins become a
       | lot more interesting.
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | Corporate control of and ownership of the means of exchange is
         | basically inevitable it seems, and it will be an absolute
         | dystopia.
        
         | redczar wrote:
         | It used to be the case that individual banks could issue
         | currency. It was found that having government control this much
         | better overall. It's not perfect.
        
         | NoahZuniga wrote:
         | There is no reason to move to corporate debt to back deposits.
         | There is no US credit risk because the US can always print more
         | dollars. Because the debt of other US companies is also
         | denominated in US dollars, it is equally exposed to inflation
         | as US government debt.
         | 
         | US treasuries becoming undesirable doesn't really have an
         | effect on stablecoins, because (at least for USDC and I believe
         | USDT) they hold short term treasuries that expire in a few
         | months. The operator of the stablecoin can just hold the
         | treasuries until they expire. Also if the operator of USDC
         | can't pay out all claims right now, they will be in a few
         | months so an oportunist market maker can buy USDC for 98 cents
         | on the dollar and cash out 100 cents a few months later.
        
           | scyclow wrote:
           | I'd say that the risk of the US defaulting on Treasuries is
           | definitely higher than zero... but if that happens then we'd
           | probably have bigger fish to fry than stablecoins.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Stablecoins are money-makers now that interest rates are nonzero.
       | With zero interest rates, there was no place safe to put the
       | money, and many early stablecoins were scams. Now, they're
       | profitable to run honestly.
       | 
       | Trump has his own stablecoin, USD1.[1]
       | 
       | But how much does it cost to get in and out? That's the question.
       | FedNow charges US$0.045 per transaction.
       | 
       | [1] https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/usd1/
        
       | alfiedotwtf wrote:
       | First they ignore you         Then they laugh at you         Then
       | they fight you         Then you win
        
       | Nasrudith wrote:
       | Stablecoins, like all promised large reserves of liquid currency
       | are an attractive nuisance for fraud and theft. Even pensions
       | suffered from the same thing and got robbed by the mob first. Any
       | stablecoin offer you are safer just assuming it is yet another
       | fraud.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | This reminds me of the way Scottish banks used to issue their own
       | notes independently (they still issue them now but are required
       | to have Bank of England notes of equivalent value in storage)
       | 
       | They were not legally currency (or legal tender) but acted as
       | such. It if a bank was viewed to be in trouble its notes would
       | start trading at a discount.
       | 
       | Effectively it was a free market for currency issuance. Which I
       | guess this would be too?
        
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